1 Motion Predicates and the Compounding Parameter - University of ...
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1 Motion Predicates and the Compounding Parameter - University of ...
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(6)
Motion Predicates and the Compounding Parameter: A New Approach
(7) Verb-NP-Particle constructions are possible only in [+TCP] languages.
University of Maryland,15 April 2005
(8) a. English: Mary lifted the box up. b. Spanish: María levantó la caja (*arriba).
(9) Transitive resultative constructions are possible only in [+TCP] languages.
(1) Talmy (1985, 1991, 2000) distinguishes between “satellite-framed” (Englishtype) languages and “verb-framed” (Spanish-type) languages.
(10) a. b.
(2) In English, path is normally expressed by a “satellite” – a particle or PP (Talmy 1985:62):
d.
English: John beat the iron flat. Spanish: Juan golpeó el hierro (*plano).
(11) Cross-linguistic survey:
The rock slid/rolled/bounced down the hill The napkin blew off the table
In Spanish, path is normally expressed in the main verb (Talmy 1985:69): c.
English: banana box 'box in which bananas are stored' Spanish: *banana caja, *caja banana
Generalizations from (Snyder 1995):
William Snyder University of Connecticut and Haskins Laboratories
a. b.
a. b.
La botella entró a la cueva (flotando) the bottle moved-in to the cave (floating) ‘The bottle floated into the cave’ La botella pasó por la piedra (flotando) the bottle moved-by past the rock (floating) ‘The bottle floated past the rock’
Language
Separable particles?
Transitive resultatives?
Novel N-N compounds?
Austroasiatic: Khmer Finno-Ugric: Estonian Germanic: Dutch Sino-Tibetan: Mandarin Tai: Thai
(3) Characteristics of English-type, but not Spanish-type languages, include: verb-particle constructions, resultatives, manner-of-motion verbs + path-of-motion PPs resultative: walk to the store non-resultative: slide down the banister 1.2 The Compounding Parameter (Snyder 1995, 2001) (4) TCP (First Approximation): The language {allows, disallows} formation of endocentric root compounds during the syntactic derivation. (5) In [+TCP] languages, but not [-TCP] languages, novel endocentric compounds can be created at will.
1
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Correlation is exceptionally strong: r=.98, t(8)=12.9, p
