Gellner, E. (1983), Nations and Nationalism, Blackwell (JC311 Gel.) Smith, A. ... '
nations' and 'nationalism' from related concepts such as the 'state'. Readings:.
SOCIOLOGY SCIL10065
NATIONS AND NATIONALISM Autumn Semester, 2012-2013 COURSE INSTRUCTOR James Kennedy will be available in his office, Room 6.28 (top floor), Chrystal Macmillan Building, Thursdays 2-4. His ‘phone number is 650-4250, his email address is:
[email protected]. COURSE FORMAT The course is semester-length, following the standard 20 hours per course for honours options in sociology. The class meets on Tuesdays 11:10-13:00, in Seminar Room 2, Chrystal Macmillan Building. Each week will be divided into an hour of lecture and an hour of tutorial; occasionally videos will be shown in the second lecture hour. The lectures will explore theoretical issues, while the tutorials will focus on substantive case material. Tutorials will be variable, involving small group discussions, student presentations in groups, and debates. COURSE AIMS • • • • •
to provide a sociological analysis of nationalism, while also drawing upon political, historical, anthropological and geographical accounts. to lay out the key concepts, theories and typologies of nationalism. to investigate the relationships between nationalism and other social processes, such as language, religion, class, gender, political regulation and globalization. to understand nationalism as social process, social movement, and social identity. to illuminate the ways substantive case material informs theory-making.
COURSE OBJECTIVES Students who have taken the course will have an understanding of differing theoretical explanations of nationalism, and be able to critically compare its manifestations in different social settings. They should be able to analyse the ways nationalism interacts with other sociological processes (e.g., language, religion, gender, class, political regulation and globalization), and identify and describe major debates within the study of nationalism. ASSESSMENT Work produced for this course should engage with material from this course’s lectures, tutorials and readings. It is insufficient to rely on lectures and readings from other courses with a ‘nationalism element’ (e.g. Sociology 1 and 2, Politics 1). ALL STUDENTS are required to submit BOTH a 1500 word short essay* worth 25% of the total grade (Deadline: Monday 15th October, 12 noon; CMB 1.09), AND sit a two-hour examination in the December diet, worth 75% of the total grade. Details of the short essay will be distributed in class. *SUBMITTING WORK ELECTRONICALLY
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From 2012-13 Sociology is trialing a new way to handle essay submission, marking and return. Junior and Senior Honours students will submit an electronic copy of their essay, in normal word processing format, through Pebble Pad. You will find Pebble Pad on your MyEd screen. You will not be required to submit paper copies of your essay, and feedback will be provided direct to you through the Pebble Pad system. We hope that this will make things easier for students, administrative staff and teaching staff, reduce printing costs, and help the University to be more environmentally responsible. Full information on how to submit your Sociology essays can be found here: https://www.wiki.ed.ac.uk/display/SPSITWiki/Submitting+Work+Using+PebblePad No exemptions will be offered; the short essay cannot be resubmitted, and there is no re-sit examination. The course will be externally examined as part of the Sociology diet. FEEDBACK AND EVALUATION The course will be evaluated by Sociology-organized questionnaires given to students at the end of the course. All courses in Sociology are evaluated in this way, and the results are reviewed in staff meetings. Comments made by students, staff and external examiners will be fed back into course revision. READING LIST Core Texts: Guibernau, M. and J. Hutchinson (eds.) (2001) Understanding Nationalism, Polity (JC311 Und.) McCrone, D. (1998) Sociology of Nationalism, Routledge (JC311 Macc.) Ozkirimli, U. (2005) Contemporary Debates on Nationalism, Palgrave (JC311 Ozk.) Two key texts that present developed and contested approaches highly influential in nationalism studies, and therefore worth becoming familiar with, are: Gellner, E. (1983), Nations and Nationalism, Blackwell (JC311 Gel.) Smith, A. (1991), National Identity, Penguin (JC311 Smi.) Supplementary Texts: Anderson, B. (1991) Imagined Communities, Verso (JC311 And.) Balakrishnan, G. (ed.) (1996), Mapping the Nation, Verso (JC311 Map.) Beiner, R. (1999) Theorizing Nationalism, SUNY Press (HV40.54 The.) Billig, M. (1995) Banal Nationalism, Sage (JC311 Bil.) Hall, J.A. (1998) The State of the Nation, Cambridge UP (JC 311 Sta.) Hechter, M. (2000) Containing Nationalism, Oxford UP (JC311 Hec.) Hutchinson, J. and A. D. Smith (eds.) (1994) Nationalism, Oxford UP (JC311 Nat.) Hutchinson, J. (2005) Nations as Zones of Conflict, Sage Llobera, J. (1994) God of Modernity, Berg (JC311 Llo.) Nairn, T. (1997) The Faces of Nationalism, Verso (JC311 Nai.) NB: All ‘op. cit.’ references below refer to the texts listed above.
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Useful Journals: Nations and Nationalism (Per. .32 Nat.: hereafter N&N) Nationalism and Ethnic Politics (Per. .32 Nat.) Ethnic and Racial Studies (Per .3 Eth.: hereafter ERS) All tutorial readings are available via LEARN (replaces webCT)\ For further reading, beyond what is assigned below, please consult the course convener. PART I: THEORY Week 1 (18 Sept.) INTRODUCTION: CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES: Until recently sociology overlooked nationalism. Why was this? We explore the basic attitudes or approaches that are often taken toward the subject of nationalism, the underlying assumptions about what kind of thing it is, which often predetermine our understandings. We begin to distinguish ‘nations’ and ‘nationalism’ from related concepts such as the ‘state’. Readings: Anderson, B. ‘Introduction’ (Ch. 1), op. cit. Billig, M. ‘Remembering Banal Nationalism’ (Ch. 3), op.cit. Brubaker, R. ‘Myths and misconceptions in the study of nationalism’ (Ch. 12), Hall, op. cit. Gellner, E. ‘Definitions’ (Ch. 1), op. cit. McCrone D. ‘The Fall and Rise of Nationalism’ (Ch. 1), op. cit. Renan, E. ‘What is a nation?’ (Ch. 1), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Thompson, A. and R. Fevre (2001) ‘The national question: sociological reflections on nation and nationalism’, N&N, 7(3): 297-315. Weber, M. (1968) ‘Ethnic Groups’ in G. Roth and C. Wittich (eds.) Economy and Society Vol. 1, UC Press, pp. 285-95 (HM57 Web.) Yoshino, K. ‘Japan’s Nationalism in a Marketplace Perspective’ (Ch. 7), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Tutorial: Group Discussion: What kind of phenomenon is nationalism? An objective process, or a subjective feeling? Is it rational, or irrational? Good, or evil? Week 2 (25 Sept.) ORIGINS: NATIONALISM AND MODERNITY: The dominant theory is that nationalism is an effect of modernity and modernisation, including such processes as industrialisation/capitalism, state-formation and the development of mass cultures. We will examine various arguments for this explanation (especially those of Ernest Gellner), as well as criticisms of it. Readings: Breuilly, J. ‘The State and Nationalism’ (Ch. 2), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Gellner, E. ‘Nationalism and Modernization’, (Ch. 9), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Gellner, E. ‘Nationalism and High Cultures’, (Ch. 10), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Hechter, M. ‘Indirect Rule and the Absence of Nationalism’ (Ch. 3), op. cit. McCrone, D. ‘“Devils at his back”: nationalism and Ernest Gellner’ (Ch. 4), and ‘Nation as state: nationalism and state-building’ (Ch. 5), op. cit.
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Mann, M. 1995 ‘A Political Theory of Nationalism and Its Excesses’ in S. Periwal (ed) Notions of Nationalism, Budapest: Central European UP (JC311 Not.). Nairn, T. ‘Maladies of Development’, (Ch. 11), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Tutorial: Case Studies: Nation-building in Britain and France. Colley, L. (1986) ‘Who’s Nation? Class and National Consciousness in Britain, 1750-1830’, Past and Present, pp. 97-117 (Per. .9Pas.). Weber, E. (1976) ‘France, One and Indivisible’ (Ch. 7), From Peasants into Frenchmen, Stanford UP (HN426 Web.). Week 3 (2 Oct.) ORIGINS: ETHNICITY AND CULTURE: Another major line of argument sees nationalism as arising out of processes of ethnicity. This poses various questions: are the roots of nationalism ‘pre-modern’? how is ‘ethnicity’ related to ‘culture’? how is ‘ethnicity’ distinguished from related concepts such as ‘tribe’? why is kinship such a common metaphor in the construction of national identity? Readings: Armstrong, J. ‘Nations Before Nationalism’ (Ch. 21), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Connor, W. ‘Homelands in a World of States’ (Ch. 3), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Connor, W. ‘Beyond Reason: The Nature of the Ethnonational Bond’ (Ch. 8), Ethnonationalism, Princeton UP (.320158 Con) OR ERS 16(3) Eriksen, T.H. (1993) ‘What is Ethnicity?’ (Ch. 1), Ethnicity and Nationalism: anthropological perspectives, Pluto (GN495.6 Eri.) Hobsbawm, E. ‘Ethnicity and Nationalism in Europe Today’ (Ch. 11), Balakrishnan, op. cit. Hutchinson, J. ‘Nations and Culture’ (Ch. 4), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. McCrone, D. ‘Tribe, place and identity: ethnicity and nationalism’ (Ch. 2), op. cit. Mann, M. ‘Explaining Murderous Ethnic Cleansing: The Macro-level’ (Ch. 11), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit., especially pp.207-9. Smith, A. ‘Nations and History’ (Ch. 1), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Video: ‘Edwardians in Colour: the Wonderful World of Albert Kahn’ (BBC4, 2007) Tutorial: Case Studies: Ethnicity and nationalism: the Czechs and the Assyrians. Kliíma, A. (1993) ‘The Czechs’ (Ch. 9), M. Teich, and R. Porter (eds.) (1993) The National Question in Europe in Historical Context, Cambridge UP (D217 Nat.). Zubaida S. (2000) ‘Contested Nations: Iraq and the Assyrians’ N&N 6(3): 363-82. Week 4 (9 Oct.) CHARACTER: ETHNIC, CIVIC AND CIVIL NATIONALISM: Hans Kohn famously drew a distinction between western and eastern nationalism. This dichotomy has since been joined by distinctions between ‘civic’ and ‘ethnic’ nationalism and between ‘liberal’ and ‘illiberal’ nationalism. This session critically examines these dichotomies and asks how useful are they to conceptualizing nationalism? Readings: Anderson, B. (2001) ‘Western Nationalism and Eastern Nationalism’, New Left Review, 9: 3142 (Per..33New)
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Brown, D. (1999) ‘Are there good and bad nationalisms?’, N&N, 5(2): 281-302. Brubaker, R. ‘Myths and misconceptions in the study of nationalism’ (Ch. 12), Hall, op. cit. Brubaker, R. (1996) ‘Civic and Ethnic Nations in France and Germany’ (Ch. 28), J. Hutchinson and A. Smith (eds.), Ethnicity, OUP (GN495.6 Eth.). Geertz, C. ‘Primordial and Civic Ties’ (Ch. 5), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Hall, J.A. (2003) ‘Conditions for National Homogenizers’ in U. Özkirimli (ed.) Nationalism and Its Futures, Palgrave, especially pp. 28-30 (JC311 Nat.). Kohn, H. ‘Western and Eastern Nationalisms’ (Ch. 24), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Kymlicka, W. (1995) ‘Misunderstanding Nationalism’ Dissent, OR (Ch. 7) Beiner, op. cit. Özkirimli, U. ‘The Normative Claims of Nationalism?’ (Ch. 4), ‘Nationalism, Multiculturalism and Liberalism’ (Ch. 5), op. cit. Smith, A.D. (2001)‘Ideologies’ (Ch. 2), Nationalism, Cambridge: Polity (JC311 Smi.). Yack, B. (1996) ‘The Myth of the Civic Nation’ Critical Review 10(2): 193-211, OR (Ch. 5), Beiner, op cit. Tutorial: Case Studies: Civic and ethnic nationalism in Turkey and the USA. Brubaker, R. (2004) ‘In the Name of the nation: Reflections on nationalism and patriotism’, Citizenship Studies, 8(2): 115-27 (Per. .32Cit.). Yegen, M. (2007) ‘Turkish nationalism and the Kurdish question’, ERS 30(1): 119-51 PART II: KEY VARIABLES Week 5 (16 Oct.) RELIGION: Religion has often (but not always) been central to nationalism. We will try to understand why religion has provided the organizational and ideological context for so many nationalist movements, and examine the hypothesis that nationalism can be viewed as a modern, secular form of religion. Readings: Anderson, B., ‘Cultural Roots’ (Ch. 2), op. cit. Bellah, R. (1992) ‘America’s Myth of Origin’ (Ch. 1), ‘America as a Chosen People’ (Ch. 2) The Broken Covenant: American Civil Religion in Time of Trial, U of Chicago Press, 2nd Edition (E169.1 Bel.). *Brubaker, R. (2012) ‘Religion and Nationalism: Four Approaches’, N&N 18(1): 2-20 Cauthen, B. (2004) ‘Covenant and Continuity: ethno-symbolism and the myth of divine election’, N&N 10(1/2): 19-34. Gorski, P. (2000) ‘The Mosaic Moment: An Early Modernist Critique of Modernist Theories of Nationalism’, American Journal of Sociology, 105 (5): 1428-68 (Per. .3Ame.) Grosby, S. ‘Nationality and Religion’ (Ch. 5), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Hastings, A. ‘The nation and nationalism’ (Ch. 1), Construction of Nationhood, Cambridge UP (JC311 Has.) Llobera, J. ‘Church, civil religion and nationalism’ (Ch. 6), op. cit. Marx, A. (2003) ‘History and Arguments’ (Ch. 1) Faith in Nation: Exclusionary Origins of Nationalism, Oxford UP (JC311 Mar.) Video: ‘Saffron Warriors’ (Channel 4 (UK), 2004) Tutorial: Case Studies: Hindu nationalism in India and Islamic fundamentalism in the Middle East.
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Eickelman, D. F., ‘From here to modernity: Ernest Gellner on nationalism and Islamic fundamentalism’ (Ch. 11), Hall, op. cit. Van der Veer, P. (1994),‘Religious Nationalism’ (Ch. 1), Religious Nationalism: Hindus and Muslims in India, U. of California Press (BL2015.N26 Vee.) Week 6 (23 Oct.) LANGUAGE: Like religion, language has often (but not always) been central to nationalism. We will consider the functional and ideological roles that language plays, and ask why it is so fundamental to identity, and why it serves as a powerful metaphor for communal membership and identity. Readings: Anderson, B. ‘The Origins of National Consciousness’ (Ch. 3), op. cit, OR ‘Imagined Communities’ (Ch. 14), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Billig, M. ‘Nations and Languages’ (Ch. 2), op. cit. Blommaert, J. (1996) ‘Language and nationalism: comparing Flanders and Tanzania’, N&N 2(2). Coleman, W. (1984) ‘Language Policy and Cultural Development’ (Ch.7), The independence movement in Québec, 1945-80, U of Toronto Press (F1053.2 Col.). Deutsch, K. ‘Nationalism and Social Communication’ (Ch. 4), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Fishman, J. ‘Language and Nationalism’, in S. Woolf (ed.) (1996) Nationalism in Europe: 1815 to the present Routledge, (.320158(4) Nat.). Laitin, D. (1989) ‘Linguistic Revival: Politics and Culture in Catalonia’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 31: 297-317 (Per. .9 Com.). Rosie, M, J. Macinnes, P. Petersoo, S. Condor and J. Kennedy (2004) ‘Nation speaking unto nation? Newspapers and national identity in the devolved UK’ Sociological Review 52(4): 43758 (Per. .3Soc.). Tutorial: Case Studies: Language and nationalism in Europe/Canada and Africa. Arel, D. (2001) ‘Political Stability in multinational democracies: comparing language dynamics in Brussels, Montreal and Barcelona’ (Ch. 2), A.-G. Gagnon and J. Tully (eds.) Multinational Democracies, Cambridge UP (JC312 Mul.). Laitin, D. (1992) ‘Strategic theory and Africa’s language future’ (Ch. 6), Language Repertoires and State Construction in Africa, Cambridge (P40.5.L352 Lai.). Week 7 (30 Oct.) CLASS: Nationalist movements are often attributed to machinations of élites on the one hand, and the aspirations of the masses on the other. However, close inspection almost always reveals the crucial role of interstitial, middle classes, including intellectuals, professionals, academics, bureaucrats, etc., groups often associated with ‘civil society’. We examine the role of class processes, and especially middle classes, in nationalism. Readings: Anderson, B. ‘Creole Pioneers’ (Ch. 4), op. cit. OR (Ch. 29), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit. Gellner, E. ‘The Coming of Nationalism and its Interpretation: The Myths of Nation and Class’ (Ch. 4), Balakrishnan, op. cit. Hroch, M. ‘From National Movement to the Fully-formed Nation: The Nation-building Process in Europe’ (Ch. 3), Balakrishnan, op. cit. OR New Left Review, 198, (1993) (Per. .33New.).
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Khoury, P.S. (2003) ‘Damascus Notables and the Rise of Arab Nationalism Before World War I’ (Ch. 3), Urban Notables and Arab Nationalism: The Politics of Damascus 1860–1920, Cambridge UP (DS99.D3 Kho.). Llobera, J. ‘Class, Civil Society and Nationalism’ (Ch. 5), op. cit. Mann, M. (1993), ‘The Middle Class Nation’ (Ch. 16), The Sources of Social Power, Vol. II, Cambridge UP (.301155 Man.). McCrone, D. ‘In and out of the state: the rise and rise of neo-nationalism’ (Ch. 7), op. cit. Whitmeyer, J.M. (2002) ‘Elites and popular nationalism’ British Journal of Sociology 53(3): 321341 (Per. .3Bri.). Video: ‘The Death of Yugoslavia’ (BBC, 1999) Tutorial: Case Studies: Class, civil society and nationalism in Scotland. Hearn, J. (2002)‘Identity, class and civil society’, N&N 8(1): 15-30. Morton, G. (1996) ‘Scottish rights and ‘centralisation’ in mid-nineteenth century’, N&N 2(2): 257-79. Week 8 (6 Nov.) GENDER: There has been increasing interest in recent years in the relationship between gender and nationalism, and the neglected role of women in national processes. This includes the gendered symbolisation of the nation, the alteration of gender relations by the nation-state, and the active role of women in nationalist mobilisation. We explore these themes. Readings: Colley, L. (1992) ‘Womenpower’ (Ch. 6), Britons: Forging the Nation, 1707-1837, Yale UP (DA485 Col.). Echeverria, B. (2001) ‘Privileging masculinity in the social construction of Basque identity’, N&N, 7 (3): 339-63. Hall, C. (2000) ‘The Rule of Difference: Gender, Class and Empire in the Making of the 1832 Reform Act’ (Ch. 6), I. Blom, K. Hagemann and C. Hall (eds.) Gendered Nations, Berg (JC311 Gen.). Menon, Kalyani Devaki (2009) ‘Everyday Histories’ (Ch. 1) Everyday Nationalism: Women of the Hindu Right in India, U of Pennsylvania Press (HQ1173 Men.). Mostov, J. (2000) ‘Sexing the nation/desexing the body: the politics of national identity in the former Yugoslavia’, T. Mayer (ed.) Gender Ironies of Nationalism, Routledge (HQ1075 Gen.). Nagel, J. (2003) ‘Nationalism and Sexuality’ Race, Ethnicity and Sexuality, Oxford: Oxford UP (HQ21 Nag.). Sluga, G. (1998) ‘Identity, gender and the history of European nations and nationalisms’, N&N 4(1). Sparks, C.L. (2000) ‘Citizen-soldiers or republican mothers: US citizenship and military obligation in the era of “choice”’, S. Ranchod-Nilsson and M.A. Tétreault (eds.) Women, States and Nationalism, Routledge (HQ1236 Wom.). Yuval-Davis, N. ‘Nationalism, Feminism and Gender Relations’ (Ch. 6), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Video: ‘The Tamil Tigers’ (Channel 4 (UK), 1996) Tutorial: Case Studies: Women and nationalism in Sri Lanka and Polynesia
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Alison, M. (2003) ‘Cogs in the Wheel? Women in the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam’, Civil Wars 6(4): 37-54. Elliston, D. (2000) ‘Geographies of Gender and Politics: the place of difference in Polynesian nationalism’, Cultural Anthropology 15(2): 171-216 (Per. .572Cul.).
PART III: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Week 9 (13 Nov.) REGULATING NATIONALISM: Genocide in Darfur, Rwanda and Bosnia, and the fragile peace in Macedonia and Northern Ireland point to nationalism as a particularly destructive force. This lecture seeks explanations for nationalist violence and explores the various strategies that have been employed to regulate nationalism. Readings: Armstrong, J.A. ‘Postcommunism and Nationalism’ (Ch. 9), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Brubaker, R. (1996)‘National minorities, nationalising states and external homelands in the New Europe’ Ch. 3 in Nationalism Reframed, Cambridge UP ((DJK51 Bru.) OR Daedalus, 124(2): 107-32 (Per. .0Dae.). Fearon, J.D. and D.D. Laitin (2000) ‘Violence and the Social Construction of Ethnic Identity’, International Organization, 54(4): 845-77 (Per. .32Int.). Hechter, M. ‘The Demand for Sovereignty’ (Ch. 7), ‘Containing Nationalism’ (Ch. 8), op. cit. Kennedy, J. (2004) ‘A Switzerland of the North?: the Nationalistes and a Bi-national Canada’, N&N 10(4): 499-518. Mann, M. ‘Explaining Murderous Ethnic Cleansing: The Macro-level’ (Ch. 11), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. O’Leary, B. (2001) ‘The Elements of Right-Sizing and Right-Peopling the State’ in B. O’Leary, et al. (eds.), Right-sizing the State, Oxford UP (JC323 Rig.). O’Leary, B. (2001) ‘An iron law of nationalism and federalism?’, N&N, 7(3): 273-96. O’Leary, B. (2006) ‘Power-Sharing, Pluralist Federation, and Federacy’ (Ch. 2) in B. O’Leary, et al. Future of Kurdistan in Iraq, Pennsylvania UP (DS70.8.K8 Fut.) Prunier, G. (2005) ‘Fear at the Centre: from Counter-Insurgency to Quasi-Genocide’ (Ch. 4) Darfur: the Ambiguous Genocide, Cornell UP (DT159.6.D27 Pru.) Riga, L. and J. Kennedy (2009) ‘Tolerant majorities, loyal minorities and “ethnic reversals”: constructing minority rights at Versailles 1919’ N&N 15(3): 461-82. Snyder, J. (2000) ‘Transitions to Democracy and the Rise of Nationalist Conflict’ (Ch. 1), From Voting to Violence, Norton (JC421 Sny.). Stepan, A.C., Linz, J., and Y. Yadav (2011) Crafting state-nations: India and other multinational democracies, Johns Hopkins UP (JC311 Ste.) Young, C. ‘Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in Africa’ (Ch. 8), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Video: ‘Unreported World: Kosovo’ (Channel 4 (UK), 2007) Tutorial: Case Studies: Regulating nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland and IsraelPalestine. O’Leary, B. (2002) ‘The Belfast Agreement and the British-Irish Agreement’, in A. Reynolds (ed.) The Architecture of Democracy, OUP, pp. 293-356 (JC421 Arc.). Peled, Y. (2006) ‘Zionist Realities: Debating Israel-Palestine’ and V. Tilley (2006) ‘A Secular Solution: Debating Israel-Palestine’ New Left Review 38: 21-57 (Per. .33New.).
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Week 10 (20 Nov.) GLOBALIZATION: To conclude we will try to tie together some of the themes we have covered by considering the relationship between nationalism and ‘globalization’. What is ‘globalization’? What are the implications of globalization for nationalism and its creation, the ‘nation-state’? Is nationalism declining? on the rise? or the same as it ever was? Readings: Anderson, B. (1998) ‘Long Distance Nationalism’ (Ch. 3), The Spectre of Comparisons, Verso (DS685 And.). Eriksen, T.H. (2007) ‘Nationalism and the Internet’, N&N 13(1): 1-17. Guibernau, M. ‘Globalization and the Nation-state’ (Ch. 11), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit. Habermas, J. ‘The European Nation-state—Its Achievements and Its Limits’ (Ch. 13), Balakrishnan, op. cit. Hall, J.A. (2011) ‘Nationalism might change its character, again’ in D. Halikiopoulou and S. Vasilopoulou (eds.) Nationalism and Globalisation: Conflicting or Complementary? Routledge (JZ1316 Nat.) Kaldor, M. (2004) ‘Nationalism and Globalisation’, N&N 10(1/2): 161-77. Lasch, C. (1995) ‘The Revolt of the Elites’ (Ch. 2), The Revolt of the Elites, Norton. Laitin, D. (1997) ‘The Cultural Identities of a European State’, Politics and Society, 25: 277-302 (Per. .32Pol.). Mann, M. (1999) ‘Has globalization ended the rise and rise of the nation-state?’ (Ch. 12), T.V. Paul and J.A. Hall (eds.) International Orders, Cambridge (JX1954 Int.) OR Review of International Political Economy, May 1997 (Per. .33Rev.). McCrone, D. ‘Nationalism and its Futures’ (Ch. 9), op. cit. Nairn, T. ‘The Owl of Minerva’ (Ch. 2), op. cit. Suny, G. (2011) ‘Globalization and the Nation-State’ in D. Halikiopoulou and S. Vasilopoulou (eds.) Nationalism and Globalisation: Conflicting or Complementary? Routledge (JZ1316 Nat.) Tutorial: Group Discussion: Whither nationalism? (also, course evaluations).
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