1-p 1-2, 13-iii-2009, COVER copy.pmd

Thrips, No. 7–8

2009

ISSN 0974-6587

THYSANOPTERA IN IRAN 1938–2007: An Overview J. S. Bhatti, Jalil Alavi, Richard zur Strassen, Zakkieh Telmadarraiy

Thrips, No. 7. Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview. Part 1, pages 1–172 Scientific names of species of Thysanoptera found in Iran

7–82

J. S. Bhatti & R. zur Strassen

Review of Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera 1938–2007 J. S. Bhatti, J. Alavi, R. zur Strassen, & Z. Telmadarraiy

Scientia Publishing, New Delhi

83–172

Thrips No. 7–8, pp. 1–373 2009 ISSN 0974-6587 Thrips No. 7. Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview. Part 1, pages 1–172 Thrips No. 8. Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview. Part 2, pages 173–373 Published 14 March 2009 @Scientia Publishing, New Delhi

The Authors J. S. Bhatti, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Present address: MIG 239-H, Rajouri Garden, New Delhi 110027, India. e-mail: [email protected] Jalil Alavi, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan-e-Shomali Province, P. O. Box 1378, Bojnourd, Iran. e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Richard zur Strassen, Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberg-Anlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. e-mail: Richard.zur [email protected] Zakkieh Telmadarraiy, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Present address: Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e-mail: [email protected]

3

Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera

Thrips, No. 7–8, pp. 1–373, 2009

ISSN 0974-6587

Thrips, No. 7. Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview. Part 1, pp. 1–172 Preface

5

Scientific names of species of Thysanoptera found in Iran

7–82

J. S. Bhatti & R. zur Strassen

Introduction

7

Generic interpretation

8

Nomina dubia

8

Species of doubtful occurrence in Iran: Terebrantia, Tubulifera The identity of Scolothrips sexmaculatus Taxonomy of Scolothrips

8–11, 15 11–14 14

Genera and species of Thysanoptera reported from Iran

15–25

1. Terebrantia

15–23

2. Tubulifera

23–25

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran

27–82

1. Terebrantia

27–68

2. Tubulifera

69–82

Review of Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera 1938–2007

83–172

J. S. Bhatti, J. Alavi, R. zur Strassen, & Z. Telmadarraiy

Preface

85

Acknowledgements

86

Introduction

87–88

Names of Iranian Authors

89

Iranian references (a) in English (b) in English, with abstract (or partly) in Persian (c) in Persian and English (parallel texts) (d) in Persian, French, or German (e) in Persian with English summary

90–95 90 90 91–93 93–94 94–95

Primary Literature on Thysanoptera by Iranian authors in journals, etc. outside Iran, table on p. 96 in journals, etc. in Iran, table on p. 97 Iranian authors of primary publications on Thysanoptera

96–102 98–102

Secondary Literature on Thysanoptera by Iranian authors 103–105 Iranian authors of secondary publications on or including Thysanoptera 104–105 Iranian Journals and other Iranian publications cited

106–110

Publications in Iranian Journals, Proceedings, etc. in Iran

110–116

3

4 Thrips, No. 7 Thysanoptera in Iranian Publications, 1938 onward

117–166

(a) Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera — yearwise

120–140

(b) Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera — subjectwise

141–166

1. Thrips as Pests

141–149

2. Control of thrips

149–152

2a. Chemical and other methods of control 2b. Biological control and natural enemies of thrips

149–151 151–152

3. Biology of thrips

152–155

4. Thrips on crops and other useful plants

155–157

5. Host preference and resistant varieties

157–158

6. Thrips tabaci populations and bulbing and yield of onion cultivars 7. Thrips as predators

158 158–159

8. Mites living on thrips

159

9. Thrips and Tospoviruses

160–161

10. Taxonomy of thrips

161–162

11. Faunistics

162–166

Identifications of thrips in Iranian studies

167–172

Thrips, No. 8. Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview. Part 2, pp. 173–373 Bibliography of Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera

173–314

J. S. Bhatti, J. Alavi, R. zur Strassen, & Z. Telmadarraiy

Appendix 1. Thrips-associated plants in Iran literature, family-wise list

315–324

Appendix 2. Thrips-associated plant names in Iran literature

325–336

Appendix 3. Scientific and common names of the plants

337–353

Appendix 4. Localities in Iran

355–373

4


5

Preface The present study, titled Thysanoptera in Iran, deals with the knowledge of these insects in Iran as it has developed over the last 70 years, from the first report of thrips in Iran in 1938 until the end of 2007. This study is divided into two parts. The first section deals with the scientific names of Thysanoptera known from Iran, including all names used in literature on Iranian Thysanoptera. The names appearing in Iranian literature for several species of Thysanoptera are no longer used in the current literature on the taxonomy of thrips. The valid names of all species, as now used in taxonomic literature on Thysanoptera, are given along with the synonymic names appearing in the literature on Iranian thrips. There are 177 nominal species of Thysanoptera reported in Iran, including 132 species of Terebrantia in 47/49 genera, and 45 species of Tubulifera in 15 genera. Bibliographic records dealing with the taxonomy of these species are given, including the nomenclatural changes which have taken place over the past more than 100 years. Currently held views on the taxonomy of thrips provide two interpretations of the genus Aeolothrips, the first of these is the traditional concept of the genus, whereas the other concept based on more recently discovered structural features recognizes a single species in this genus, the remaining species being assigned to five other genera. This first part, besides giving the current scientific names of Iranian thrips, also provides a glimpse of the intricacies of the technical inputs into the naming, description, and recognition of the species, and the dynamics of modern taxonomic research. The identification is merely a product that must always continue to depend necessarily on the continued inputs and advances in taxonomic research. The second part deals with a review of Iranian literature on Thysanoptera, and includes the studies done by Iranian scientists and those with associated scientists from outside Iran. This review includes literature on all aspects of Iranian research on these insects, such as thrips on crops and other useful plants, thrips as pests and their control, thrips and tospoviruses, and the faunistics of thrips. This review includes 232 references beginning from 1938 when species of Thysanoptera were for the first time reported from Iran, until the end of 2007. Among these, there are 187 references which represent primary literature (sources of original information) on Thysanoptera. The remaining 45 references constitute secondary literature in which most of the information is compiled from original scientific literature, although a few of these references also contain new scientific information on Thysanoptera in Iran. There are 51 primary references that are complete, unabridged papers/articles (irrespective of their length) on or including Thysanoptera, involving Iranian authors. However, most of the primary literature on Thysanoptera originating from Iran comprises abstracts (95 references), and a few others are similar short or even shorter communications (37 references, 28 of which are published in Iran), such as ‘short report’, short note, ‘scientific note’, or ‘disease notes’. The provincial divisions and their further subdivisions are given so as to enable the location of places where thrips have been collected. There is also a list of such localities. Moreover, associated plants on which thrips have been collected in Iran and their currently valid names are listed. This study should be useful to entomologists looking for information on scientific investigations on thrips in Iran.

5

6

Scientific Scientificnames NamesofofThysanoptera thrips found in inIran Iran

7

Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview

Scientific names of the species of Thysanoptera found in Iran J. S. Bhatti, Richard zur Strassen

The scientific names of species of insects, and indeed of all animals, constitute the most important and indispensable vocabulary that is common to all disciplines of their study. All scientific information generated by scientists over years of hard work is tagged to members of this vocabulary, and hence the importance of using the correct species names. The names of several species of Thysanoptera appearing in the literature on Iranian thrips have been subjected to frequent changes resulting from taxonomic researches, and are no longer used in the current literature on thrips. The present study is an attempt to straighten out the vocabulary of the scientific names of thrips in Iran. The scientific names of Thysanoptera found in Iran have been updated from literature close to the end of 2008. The names of the species of Thysanoptera found in Iran, comprising 177 species, are given along with relevant bibliographic citings. The findings of 6 species of Terebrantia in Iran are doubtful. The reported occurrence of 3 species of Haplothrips among the Tubulifera in Iran requires further research and confirmation.

Introduction. There are 177 species of Thysanoptera known so far from Iran. These comprise 132 species of Terebrantia and 45 species of Tubulifera. The scientific names of many of these species have often undergone changes during the last 50 years as a result of more critical studies, discovery of new characters for species and genus recognition, and newer interpretations of the genera and species. An exposition of the nomenclature of the species is therefore needed.

The present contribution at first lists the species names used in literature on Iranian thrips, including genus name combinations that are not currently used. Thus, 20 species names also appear in Iranian literature in genus combination(s) different from the currently recognized combination. One species appears in literature with a spelling that is different from that in the original description, of which the original spelling was restored in literature only recently. 10 species names used in literature on Iran thrips have been recognized as junior synonyms. There are a further 11 species in Iran literature for which there are two alternate genus combinations, each based on a different interpretation of the respective genus. The scientific names of species of Thysanoptera reported from Iran are fully documented and summarized. These are given in tabular form (pages 27–82) for ease of reference.

8

Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007

Generic interpretation The Iran list given below includes 12 nominal species in Aeolothrips (cf. pp. 25–28), according to the generic interpretation by RzS (zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: pp. 35–57). However, JSB (Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115–116, etc.; see page 27) considers that only one species (albicinctus) belongs in Aeolothrips, whereas 2 of the species (afghanus, versicolor) belong to Podaeolella, and the remaining 9 species are members of the genus Coleothrips. In view of the differing interpretation, these latter 11 species are listed twice, i.e. in two different genera: 9 species are listed once under Aeolothrips and again under Coleothrips, two species (afghanus, versicolor) are listed once under Aeolothrips and then under Podaeolella. Nomina dubia Two nominal species, Thrips iranicus and Thrips pistaciae are at present dubious names, they cannot be recognized from their original descriptions. A subsequent taxonomic assessment of these species has never been done. The type specimens of these two species, on two slides, are present in the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (e-mail of 2002, from Victor A. Krivokhatsky of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg — JSB). Species of doubtful occurrence in Iran 1. TEREBRANTIA The reports of the following six species of Terebrantia in Iran are doubtful. These species are known from geographically far away areas and their occurrence in Iran is unlikely. In any case there has been no authentic determination of Iranian material belonging to any of these species. Aeolothrips insularis. Found in Canary Islands. The species is endemic to Canary Islands (zur Strassen 1969: 27) 1. Aeolothrips insularis was reported from Iran by Cheraghian & Barimani Varandi (2000: 297) 2. This report was based on a species identified by RzS as “near insularis”, but not as insularis. The record of Aeolothrips insularis in Iran is therefore not accepted. However, bibliographic references to this species are given in the present account for the sake of completeness. 1 zur

Strassen, R. 1969. Neue Angaben zur Thysanopteren-Fauna (Insecta, Thysanoptera) der Kanarischen Inseln. Commentationes Biologicae, Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 31 (5): 1–74.

2 Cheraghian,

A. and Barimani Varandi, H. 2000. First record of three species of Thysanoptera in the north of Iran. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Vol. 1: 297.

Caliothrips striatopterus. The species is found in Java and Australia (Wilson 1975: 95) 3. More recently, Mound (1996: 266) 4 reported that it is found on Poaceae in Java, Philippines, Solomon Islands, and Australia (NE coastal, Queensland). Caliothrips striatopterus was reported from Iran by Manzari (2004: 2) 5. C. striatopterus has so far not been found east of Indonesia.


9

One species of Caliothrips from India, related to striatopterus, was also misdetermined and reported as striatopterus (Ananthakrishnan 1965: 28) 6, it was subsequently found to be a new species described as C. luckmanni Wilson (Wilson 1975: 86–88) 3, which is closely related to the African species sudanensis (Bagnall & Cameron) and the Southeast Asian-Australian species striatopterus (Kobus). C. luckmanni is widely distributed in India, being known from Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu (Bhatti 1990: 218) 7. The Iranian species remains to be definitively determined.

3 Wilson,

T. H. 1975. A monograph of the subfamily Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 23: 354 pp.

4

Mound, L. A. 1996. Thysanoptera. In: Wells, A. (ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia, 26: 249–332, 397–414.

5 Manzari,

S. 2004. Report of three species of thrips from Iranian islands in Persian Gulf. Newsletter of Entomological Society of Iran, No. 21: 2.

6 Ananthakrishnan, 7

T. N. 1965. Indian Terebrantia –II. Bulletin of Entomology, No. 6: 15–29.

Bhatti, J. S. 1990. Catalogue of insects of the Order Terebrantia from the Indian Subregion. Zoology, 2 (4): 205–352.

Frankliniella cephalica. The species is found in Bermuda, Caribbean Islands, Central America, Mexico, U.S.A. (Nakahara 1997: 362) 8. Frankliniella cephalica was reported from Iran by Esmaili (1983: 366) 9, cited in subsequent Iranian reports. 8 Nakahara,

S. 1997. Annotated list of Frankliniella species of the World (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Contributions on Entomology, International, 4: 354–389.

9 Esmaili,

M. 1983. Important Pests of Fruit Trees, 578 pp.

Frankliniella tritici. The species is found in Canada, U.S.A., Mexico, Argentina (Nakahara 1997: 377) 8. Frankliniella tritici was reported from Iran by Salavatian (1996: 56) 10 as an external plant quarantine element. 10 Salavatian,

M. 1996. Plant Quarantine in Iran (Pests, Diseases and Weeds), 279 pp.

Scirtothrips citri. The species is known from California 11, 12, 13, Arizona 14, Florida 15, 16, 17, Georgia17. S. citri had been known to be restricted in its distribution to California (Mound & Marullo 1996: 20) 11, but was later found in the neighbouring state of Arizona (Kerns et al. 2002) 14 and in the eastern states of Florida (Edwards & Diffie 2007: 5 16; Diffie et al. 2008: 53 17) and Georgia (Diffie et al. 2008: 5317). Although it was earlier reported to occur on grapes in northern Florida

10


(Flowers 1989)15, “the species identity remains questionable based on morphological comparisons between series of specimens from Florida and S. citri from California” (Childers & Nakahara 2006: 15)13. Scirtothrips citri was reported from Iran by Esmaili (1983: 366)9 and subsequent authors. 11 Mound,

L. A. and Marullo, R. 1996. The thrips of Central and South America: An Introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6: 487 pp.

12 Hoddle,

M. S.; Mound, L. A.; and Nakahara, S. 2004. Thysanoptera recorded from California, U.S.A.: A checklist. Florida Entomologist, 87 (3): 317–323.

13

Childers, C. C. and Nakahara, S. 2006. Thysanoptera (thrips) within citrus orchards in Florida: Species distribution, relative and seasonal abundance within trees, and species on vines and ground cover plants. Journal of Insect Science, 6 (45): 1–19. (Scirtothrips citri, pp. 2, 15).

14 Kerns,

D.; Wright, G.; and Loghry, J. 2002. Citrus Arthropod Pest Management, 29 pp. [Citrus Thrips (Scirtothrips citri), pp. 2–5] (Arizona). http://cals.arizona.edu/crops/citrus/insects/ citrusinsect.html (accessed and downloaded, 9-iii-2008; the site is no longer accessible — JSB, i-2009).

15 Flowers,

R. W. 1989. The occurrence of the citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Florida. Florida Entomologist, 72: 385.

16 Edwards,

G. B. and Diffie, S. 2007. A Checklist of the Order Thysanoptera (Thrips) of Florida. [13 pp.]. www.fsca-dpi.org/MiscInsect Orders/ThysanopteraFrame.htm (accessed and downloaded, 5-iii-2008; the site is no longer accessible — JSB, i-2009).

17 Diffie,

S.; Edwards, G. B.; and Mound, L. A. 2008. Thysanoptera of Southeastern U.S.A.: A checklist for Florida and Georgia, Zootaxa, 1787: 45–62.

Scolothrips sexmaculatus. Found in U.S.A. (California18, 19, 20, 21, Alabama22, Nebraska23, 24, Florida16, 17, 25, 26), Canada27, Jamaica11, Australia4. The species was first reported from Iran by Shishehbor (1991)28, and subsequently by Khanjani & Haddad Irani-Nejad (2006)29, Eghbalian et al. (2007)30, Khanjani et al. (2007)31. The finding of Scolothrips sexmaculatus has not been authentically determined for any of these records from Iran. Three species of Scolothrips (latipennis, longicornis, and rhagebianus) have been recently listed from Iran based on published records of authentically determined material (Bhatti et al. 2003)32. These three species have been distinguished from one another in the key to species of Scolothrips of Europe and the Mediterranean area (zur Strassen 2003: 120–121)33. 18 Priesner,

H. 1950. Studies on the genus Scolothrips (Thysanoptera). Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 34: 39–68. (Scolothrips sexmaculatus, pp. 42–43).

19 Stannard,

L. J. 1968. The Thrips, or Thysanoptera, of Illinois. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin, 29 (4): 213–552. (Scolothrips sexmaculatus, p. 343 lectotype designation, 344 in key to species).

20 Anonymous

2004. Natural Enemies Gallery: Six-spotted thrips. UC-IPM Online (Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California), Pest Management and Identification, Sixspotted thrips, 1 page. (California). www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/NE/sixspotted_thrips.html


11

21

Hoddle, M. S.; Mound, L. A.; & Paris, D. 2008. Thrips of California. CD-ROM published by Centre for Biological Information Technology (CBIT), University of Queensland, Brisbane (Australia). www.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/thrips_of_california.html

22

Fadamiro, H.Y.; Nesbitt, M.; and Wall, C. 2007. Crop Profile for Satsuma Mandarin in Alabama. 21 pp. (Scolothrips sexmaculatus, p. 5, 9). (accessed 9-iii-2008). http://www.ipmcenters.org/cropprofiles/docs/ALsatsumamandarin.pdf

23 Wright,

R.; Seymour, R.; Higley, L.; and Campbell, J. 1993 (revised 2006). Spider Mite Management in Corn and Soybeans. NebGuide, 4 pp. University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension Publications. (Nebraska). www.lgseeds.com/lg_tech2/resources/mitesUNL.pdf, www.ianrpubs.unl.edu/epublic/live/g1167/build/g1167.pdf

24 Seymour,

R. and Wright, B. 1995. Natural enemies of spider mites on field corn. Midwest Biological Control News Online, (Commodity News: Field Crops News), vol. 2 (7): 2 pp. (Nebraska). University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Entomology. (Scolothrips sexmaculatus is one of the most important predators among naturally occurring insects and mites preying on spider mites in the Midwest). www.entomology.wisc.edu/mbnc/field207.html

25 Rondon,

S. I.; Price, J. F.; and Cantliffe, D. J. 2005. Strawberries: Main Pests and Beneficials in Florida. pdf, 8 pp. (p. 3, fig. 6). University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, HS1018. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/HS/HS26500.pdf

26 Funderburk,

J.; Diffie, S.; Sharma, J.; Hodges, A.; and Osborne, L. 2007. Thrips of ornamentals in the southeastern US, ENY-845. 10 pp. (p. 8, fig. 21). (Florida). http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/IN754

27 Chaisson,

H. 1986. A synopsis of the Thysanoptera (thrips) of Canada. Lyman Entomological Museum and Research Laboratory, Memoir, No. 17: i–vi, 1–153. (Scolothrips sexmaculatus, p. 67; Ontario: Chatterton, predator of red spider mites).

28 Shishehbor,

P. 1991. Population dynamics of Tetranychus turkestani (U. & N.) (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Castor bean in Southwestern Iran. Proceedings of the 10th Plant Protection Congress of Iran, p. 88.

29 Khanjani,

M. and Haddad Irani-Nejad, K. 2006, Injurious Mites of Agricultural Crops in Iran, 526 pp. (Scolothrips sexmaculatus, pp. 93–94, 106, 116–117, 136, 347, 358).

30 Eghbalian,

A. H.; Khanjani M.; Pourmirza A. A.; and Mirab-Balou, M. 2007. Functional response of the predatory thrips, Scolothrips sixmaculatus [sic !] (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on brown mite, Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheuten) (Acari: Tetranychidae). In: S. Trdan (ed.), Abstracts, 2nd Symposium on Palaearctic Thysanoptera, Strunjan, Slovenia, p. 31.

31 Khanjani,

M.; Mirab-Balou, M.; Asali-Fayaz, B.; and Suri, G. 2007. Natural enemies of flower thrips, Haplothrips sp. (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae), of margarite from Hamadan Province in west of Iran. In: S. Trdan (ed.), Abstracts, 2nd Symposium on Palaearctic Thysanoptera, Strunjan, Slovenia, p. 12.

32 Bhatti,

J. S.; zur Strassen, R.; and Telmadarraiy, Z. 2003. Thysanoptera of Iran. Proceedings of the National Symposium on Frontier Areas of Entomological Research, pp. 668–669, New Delhi.

33 zur

Strassen, R. 2003. Die Terebranten Thysanopteren Europas. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 277 pp.

The identity of Scolothrips sexmaculatus (Pergande)

“The proper identity of the type-species, sexmaculatus, was more or less established by Priesner in 1950, based upon Pergande’s original description in which the extent of the dark areas of the body and wings was stated. The placement and size of these areas are now known to be diagnostic.” (Stannard 1968: 343)19.

12


Priesner (1950: 42–43)18 for the first time definitively defined both sexes of Scolothrips sexmaculatus. His redescription of the species was based on an unstated number of females and males that he had received from S. F. Bailey, taken from peach leaves (Empire, California, 14-ix-1949, leg. F. M. Summers). He stated that this was the only form from the U.S.A. that agrees with the description given by Pergande. The current recognition of sexmaculatus is based on the redefinition of the species by Priesner. Stannard (loc. cit., p. 344, in key to species) characterized sexmaculatus as follows: Body with brown markings especially on abdomen. Basal wing band larger (than in pallidus, in which it is reduced to a small elliptical spot). Prothorax with four brown spots, antennae, head, and legs lighter (than in hoodi, which has prothorax, legs, head, and antennae largely grayish brown). Prothoracic setae longer (than in hoodi). Wing bands smaller (than in hoodi, which has relatively small wing bands). Pergande had a mixture of species before him, a darker species from California and a lighter species from Washington, D.C., and thought them to be a single species (Stannard 1968: 343)19. From his study of Pergande’s original specimens, Stannard noted that the type species is the darker western U.S. species, and that “some of the other lighter specimens in the cotype series collected from Washington, D.C. are pallidus (Beach)”. A single female specimen on the slide labelled “Thrips 6maculata Pergande, 120/22, 4363” was designated by Stannard as the lectotype. The data noted by Stannard for this specimen (120/22, 4363) from the U.S. Archives are: “Los Angeles, California, October 27, 1888, D. W. Coquillet, found feeding upon the red spider”. Stannard’s lectotype designation conforms to the original description and to the treatment of the species by Priesner.

Reports of Scolothrips sexmaculatus subsequent to Priesner’s redefinition of the species.

Jacot-Guillarmod (1974: 965)34 noted that (in view of Priesner’s revised interpretation) the species is known definitely from California only, and that all other records needed to be checked. 34 Jacot-Guillarmod,

C. 1974. Catalogue of the Thysanoptera of the world, Part 3. Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History), 7 (3): 517–976.

Chaisson (1986: 67)27 found the species in Canada. More recently, S. sexmaculatus was reported from Jamaica (1 female from grass) by Mound & Marullo (1996: 194–195)11. Mound (1996: 284)4 reported wide distribution of the species in Australia as follows: NE coastal, Murray-Darling basin, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, also widespread in temperate areas. S. sexmaculatus has also been reported from Alabama (Fadamiro et al. 2007: 5, 9)22, Florida (Rondon et al. 200525; Funderburk et al.26 2007: 8, fig. 21; Edwards & Diffy 200716), and Nebraska (Wright et al. 1993: 2)23. Pictures of Scolothrips sexmaculatus available on the internet, from the Universities of California20, 21, Nebraska-Lincoln23, and Florida25, 26, are reproduced below (Figs. a to f). It is difficult to reconcile most of these figures with Priesner’s account of the species. The following observations are made considering only the fore wing colour pattern that is seen in the pictures: (1) Priesner characterized Scolothrips sexmaculatus with the “first band (spot)” (= median cross band) of the wing “not reaching the fore margin” [italic as in the original]. (2) Priesner’s statement broadly applies to the figs. (c) and (e) of the insect from California and Florida, but clearly does not apply to the figs. (a), (b), (d), and (f) of the insect from California, Nebraska, and Florida. (3) The extent of

13


feeding on mite

a (a) and (b) from California. (Anonymous 2004)20. (source: www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/NE/sixspotted_thrips.html)

b

d (c) from California; fore wing. (Hoddle et al. 2008)21. (source: www.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/thrips_of_california.html)

(e) from Florida. (Funderburk et al. 2007: 8, fig. 21)26. (source: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/IN754).

(d) from Nebraska. (Wright et al. 2006)23. (source: www.ianrpubs.unl.edu/sendit/g1167.pdf)

(f) from Florida. (Rondon et al. 2005)25. (source: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu)

Figs. (a) to (f). Pictures of Scolothrips sexmaculatus, from California, Nebraska, and Florida.

14


the dark cross bands on the wings in the insects from California differs in the figs. (a) and (b). The distal cross band is much shorter than the median dark cross band in fig. (a), but is longer than that in fig. (b). It is not known if this is only an intraspecific variation. Moreover, the conspicuous median dark spot on pronotum, clearly visible in figs. (a) and (b), is not seen in figs. (d) to (f). It has been suggested that the extent of these dark markings on the fore wings varies with the temperature at which the individuals have developed (Hoddle et al. 2008)21; these authors state: “The name S. sexmaculatus is applied to individuals that have three dark markings across each forewing, whereas those that lack the distal dark marking are considered to represent other species. However, the available material suggests that these dark markings are small or absent in individuals that have developed at high temperatures. The current species taxonomy within this genus is possibly not satisfactory.” Other unsubstantiated recent reports of Scolothrips sexmaculatus. Besides the Iranian reports of S. sexmaculatus noted above (28, 29, 30, 31), there are also other unsubstantiated reports, such as those from Iraq (Al-Ne’ami 1981)35 and Bangladesh (Naher et al. 2005)36. Ostensibly, none of these findings have been authenticated by a thrips taxonomist.

There has been no authentic report of S. sexmaculatus from the Indian subcontinent, nor from Iraq, indeed from no locality in Asia. The species is not listed in the Catalogue of Terebrantia of the Indian subregion7. 35 Al-Ne’ami,

K. T. 1981. Nebenwirkungen von Insektiziden auf die Erdbeerspinnmilbe, Tetranychus turkestani (Ugar. & Nlk.) (Acarina: Tetranychidae) und ihre natürlichen Fiende. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz, 54 (11): 161–164. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin and Heidelberg (Germany).

36 Naher,

N.; Islam, W.; and Haque, M. M. 2005. Predation of three predators on two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Life and Earth Science, 1 (1): 1–4.

Taxonomy of Scolothrips

The above situation underlines the need to develop more viable criteria for species differentiation in the genus. Species recognition in the genus Scolothrips is difficult because the species are distinguished essentially on the basis of the colour of body, antennae, and fore wings, and on the pronotal chaetotaxy (presence or absence of a pair of minute setae at middle near the posterior margin). Other characters, such as the sculpture of the cuticle of various body parts and details of structure and chaetotaxy are not available at present. A study of these features is urgently needed in order to provide a more reliable basis for the taxonomy of the genus, and hence for the geographical distribution of species of this genus. As noted above, there is urgent need to clarify the taxonomy of Scolothrips sexmaculatus with more dependable characters also in California from where it was originally described, and in other parts of North America, including Canada. Closer taxonomic scrutiny of this species would possibly show that it is much more widely distributed across the globe than so far believed. The finding of this species in Australia4 is just one such example. Several species of thrips known from widely separated areas of the world have spread around the globe through transport by man along with plant materials. Scolothrips sexmaculatus, and perhaps some others in the genus, would be among such species.


15

2. TUBULIFERA The findings of three species of Haplothrips need confirmation37 : H. caespitis Priesner, H. minutus (Uzel 1895), H. rabinovitchi Priesner 1936. See pages 23, 24. 37 Minaei,

K. & Mound, L. A. 2008. The Thysanoptera Haplothripini (Insecta: Phlaeothripidae) of Iran. Journal of Natural History, 42 (41–42): 2617–2658. Taylor & Francis, London.

Genera and species of Thysanoptera reported from Iran 1. TEREBRANTIA. There are 132 species of Terebrantia reported so far from Iran, included in 47 / 49 genera. 1. Aeolothrips Haliday 1836. 11 species (RzS), 1 species (JSB). Alternatively, 10 of these species are included in two other genera, Coleothrips and Podaeolella. See page 27. 1. Aeolothrips afghanus Jenser 1984 / Podaeolella afghanus (Jenser 1984). See also under Podaeolella. 2. Aeolothrips albicinctus Haliday1836. 3. Aeolothrips collaris Priesner 1919 / Coleothrips collaris (Priesner 1919). See also under Coleothrips. 4. Aeolothrips deserticola Priesner 1929 / Coleothrips deserticola (Priesner 1929). See also under Coleothrips. 5. Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758) / Coleothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758). See also under Coleothrips. 6. Aeolothrips gloriosus Bagnall 1914 / Coleothrips gloriosus (Bagnall 1914). See also under Coleothrips. 7. Aeolothrips heinzi zur Strassen 1990 / Coleothrips heinzi (zur Strassen 1990). See also under Coleothrips. [Aeolothrips insularis Priesner 1933 / Coleothrips insularis (Priesner 1933)]. — This species is not found in Iran. See page 8. 8. Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall 1934 / Coleothrips intermedius (Bagnall 1934). See also under Coleothrips. 9. Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán 1985 / Coleothrips mongolicus (Pelikán 1985). See also under Coleothrips. 10. Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall 1926 / Coleothrips tenuicornis (Bagnall 1926). See also under Coleothrips. 11. Aeolothrips versicolor Uzel 1895 / Podaeolella versicolor (Uzel 1895). See also under Podaeolella.

16


2. Agalmothrips Priesner 1965. 1 species. 12. Agalmothrips parviceps (Priesner 1965). 3. Agrostothrips Hood 1954. 2 species. 13. Agrostothrips atricorpus (Girault 1927). 14. Agrostothrips meridionalis (Bagnall 1927). 4. Anaphothrips Uzel 1895. 2 species. 15. Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller 1776). 16. Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom 1911. [Anaphothrips vitis Priesner 1933 = Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner 1933)]. See page 50.

5. Aptinothrips Haliday 1836. 3 species. 17. Aptinothrips elegans Priesner 1924. 18. Aptinothrips rufus (Haliday 1836). 19. Aptinothrips stylifer Trybom 1894. Ascirtothrips Priesner 1965. This genus is synonym of Eremiothrips Priesner 1950. See Bhatti (1988) 38. [Ascirtothrips arya zur Strassen 1975 = Eremiothrips arya (zur Strassen 1975)]. See page 38. [Ascirtothrips efflatouni Priesner 1965 = Eremiothrips efflatouni (Priesner 1965)]. See page 38. [Ascirtothrips shirabudinensis Yakhontov 1929 = Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov 1929)]. See page 39. [Ascirtothrips taghizadehi zur Strassen 1975 = Eremiothrips taghizadehi (zur Strassen 1975)]. See page 39. [Baliothrips graminum (Uzel 1895) = Stenothrips graminum Uzel 1895]. See page 52.

6. Bregmatothrips Hood 1912. 1 species. 20. Bregmatothrips bournieri Pelikán 1988. 7. Caliothrips Daniel 1904. 3 species. 21. Caliothrips graminicola (Bagnall & Cameron 1932). 22. Caliothrips impurus (Priesner 1928). [Caliothrips striatopterus (Kobus 1892)]. — The record of C. striatopterus from Iran cannot be accepted until specimens from Iran are authentically determined. See pages 8–9. Ceratothrips Reuter 1899. — The genus Ceratothrips 39 is not found in Iran. There is a single species in this genus, found in Europe and North America. 38 Bhatti,

J. S. 1988. On the genera Ascirtothrips Priesner and Eremiothrips Priesner (Insecta: Terebrantia: Aeolothripidae). Zoology, 1 (2): 117–125.

39 Bhatti,

J. S. 1990. The genera Ceratothrips and Tenothrips (Insecta: Terebrantia: Thripidae). Zoology, 2 (4): 201–204.


[Ceratothrips discolor (Karny 1907) = Tenothrips discolor (Karny 1907)]. See page 53. [Ceratothrips frici (Uzel 1895) = Tenothrips frici (Uzel 1895)]. See page 53.

8. Chaetanaphothrips Haliday 1836. 1 species. 23. Chaetanaphothrips sp. 40 40 Esmaili,

M. 1983. [Important Pests of Fruit Trees]. 578 pp. Sepehr Publishing, Tehran. (p. 366, Chaetanaphothrips sp. is reported as one of the citrus thrips in northern parts of Iran).

9. Chirothrips Haliday 1836. 6 species. [Chirothrips aculeatus Bagnall 1927 is synonym of Chirothrips pedestris (Karny)]. See page 34.

24. Chirothrips africanus Priesner 1932. [Chirothrips atricorpus Girault = Agrostothrips atricorpus (Girault)]. See page 31.

25. Chirothrips kurdistanus zur Strassen 1967. 26. Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday 1836). [Chirothrips meridionalis (Bagnall) = Agrostothrips meridionalis (Bagnall)]. See page 31.

27. Chirothrips molestus Priesner 1926. 28. Chirothrips pallidicornis Priesner 1926. 29. Chirothrips pedestris (Karny 1910). 10. Coleothrips Haliday 1836. 8 species. Alternatively, included in Aeolothrips. See page 27. 3. Coleothrips collaris (Priesner 1919) / Aeolothrips collaris Priesner 1919. See also under Aeolothrips. 4. Coleothrips deserticola (Priesner 1929) / Aeolothrips deserticola Priesner 1929. See also under Aeolothrips. 5. Coleothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758) / Aeolothrips fasciatus Linnaeus 1758. See also under Aeolothrips. 6. Coleothrips gloriosus (Bagnall 1914) / Aeolothrips gloriosus Bagnall 1914. See also under Aeolothrips. 7. Coleothrips heinzi (zur Strassen 1990) / Aeolothrips heinzi zur Strassen 1990. See also under Aeolothrips. [Coleothrips insularis (Priesner 1933) / Aeolothrips insularis Priesner 1933]. — This species is not found in Iran. See page 8. 8. Coleothrips intermedius (Bagnall 1934) / Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall 1934. See also under Aeolothrips. 9. Coleothrips mongolicus (Pelikán 1985) / Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán 1985. See also under Aeolothrips. 10. Coleothrips tenuicornis (Bagnall 1926) / Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall 1926. See also under Aeolothrips.

17

18


11. Collembolothrips Priesner 1935. 1 species. 30. Collembolothrips mediterraneus Priesner 1935. 12. Dendrothrips Uzel 1895. 4 species. 31. Dendrothrips degeeri Uzel 1895. 32. Dendrothrips karnyi Priesner 1921. 33. Dendrothrips phyllireae (Bagnall 1927). 34. Dendrothrips saltatrix Uzel 1895. [Dendrothrips saltator Uzel; (cf. Priesner 1925) = Dendrothrips saltatrix Uzel 1895]. See page 37.

13. Drepanothrips Uzel 1895. 1 species. 35. Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel 1895. 14. Eremiothrips Priesner 1950. 9 species. 36. Eremiothrips antilope (Priesner 1923). 37. Eremiothrips arya (zur Strassen 1975). 38. Eremiothrips dubius (Priesner 1933). 39. Eremiothrips efflatouni (Priesner 1965). 40. Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telma 2003. 41. Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov 1929). 42. Eremiothrips taghizadehi (zur Strassen 1975). 43. Eremiothrips tamaricis (zur Strassen 1975). 44. Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti 1967). 15. Euphysothrips Bagnall 1926. 1 species. 45. Euphysothrips minozzii Bagnall 1926. 16. Exothrips Priesner 1939. 1 species. 46. Exothrips redox Bhatti 1975. 17. Frankliniella Karny 1910. 7 species (RzS), 8 species (JSB). [Frankliniella cephalica (D. L. Crawford 1910)]. — The occurrence of Fr. cephalica in Iran is doubtful. The record of this species from Iran cannot be accepted until specimens from Iran are authentically determined. See page 9. 47. Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom 1895). 48. Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande 1895). 49. Frankliniella pallida (Uzel 1895). 50. Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom 1910). 51. Frankliniella sulphurea Schmutz 1913. Fr. sulphurea is generally considered a synonym of schultzei, but JSB considers it a good species. See page 41. 52. Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel 1895).


[Frankliniella tritici (Fitch 1855). — The occurrence of Fr. tritici in Iran is doubtful. The Iranian record cannot be accepted until specimens from Iran are authentically determined. See page 9. 18. Heliothrips Haliday 1836. 1 species. 53. Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché 1833). 19. Holarthrothrips Bagnall 1927. 1 species. 54. Holarthrothrips josephi Bhatti 1986. 20. Indothrips Bhatti 1967. 1 species. 55. Indothrips bhushani Bhatti 1967. 21. Kakothrips Williams 1914. 2 species. 56. Kakothrips pisivorus (Westwood 1880). 57. Kakothrips priesneri Pelikán 1965. [Kakothrips robustus (Uzel 1895) is synonym of Kakothrips pisivorus (Westwood 1880)]. See page 42.

22. Limothrips Haliday 1836. 4 species. 58. Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski 1894. 59. Limothrips denticornis (Haliday 1836). 60. Limothrips schmutzi Priesner 1919. 61. Limothrips transcaucasicus Savenko 1944. 23. Melanthrips Haliday 1836. 5 species. 62. Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer 1776). 63. Melanthrips knechteli Priesner 1936. 64. Melanthrips pallidior Priesner 1919. 65. Melanthrips rivnayi Priesner 1936. 66. Melanthrips separandus Priesner 1936. 24. Microcephalothrips Bagnall 1926. 1 species. 67. Microcephalothrips abdominalis (D. L. Crawford 1910). 25. Mycterothrips Trybom 1910. 4 species. 68. Mycterothrips consociatus (Targioni-Tozzetti 1887). 69. Mycterothrips latus (Bagnall 1912). 70. Mycterothrips salicis (O. M. Reuter 1879). 71. Mycterothrips tschirkunae (Yakhontov 1961). 26. Neohydatothrips John 1929. 1 species. 72. Neohydatothrips tadzhicus (Pelikán 1964). [Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams 1916) = Papiliothrips gracilicornis (Williams 1916)]. See page 47.

19

20


27. Odontothrips Amyot & Serville 1843. 3 species. 73. Odontothrips confusus Priesner 1926. 74. Odontothrips meliloti Priesner 1951. 75. Odontothrips phlomidinus Priesner 1954. 28. Orothrips Moulton 1907. 1 species. 76. Orothrips priesneri (Titschack 1958). 29. Oxythrips Uzel 1895. 4 species. 77. Oxythrips halidayi Bagnall 1924. 78. Oxythrips retamae (Priesner 1934). 79. Oxythrips ulmifoliorum (Haliday 1836). 80. Oxythrips wiltshirei Priesner 1954. [Oxythrips tamaricis (Bagnall 1926) = Tamaricothrips tamaricis (Bagnall 1926)]. See page 52.

30. Papiliothrips Bhatti 2006. 1 species. 81. Papiliothrips gracilicornis (Williams 1916). [Parafrankliniella verbasci Priesner 1920 = Thrips verbasci (Priesner 1920)]. See page 58.

31. Parascolothrips Mound 1967. 1 species. 82. Parascolothrips priesneri Mound 1967. 32. Parthenothrips Uzel 1895. 1 species. 83. Parthenothrips dracaenae (Heeger 1854). 33. Pezothrips Karny 1907. 1 species. 84. Pezothrips bactrianus (Pelikán 1968). 34. Podaeolella Priesner 1926. 2 species). Alternatively, included in Aeolothrips. 1. Podaeolella afghanus (Jenser 1984) / Aeolothrips afghanus Jenser 1984. See also under Aeolothrips. 11. Podaeolella versicolor (Uzel 1895) / Aeolothrips versicolor Uzel 1895 See also under Aeolothrips. 35. Pseudodendrothrips Schmutz 1913. 1 species. 85. Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa 1908). 36. Psilothrips Hood 1927. 1 species. 86. Psilothrips bimaculatus (Priesner 1932). 37. Retithrips Marchal 1910. 1 species. 87. Retithrips syriacus (Mayet 1890). 38. Rhipidothrips Uzel 1895. 4 species. 88. Rhipidothrips brunneus Williams 1913.


21

89. Rhipidothrips flavus Tunç 1991. 90. Rhipidothrips gratiosus Uzel 1895. 91. Rhipidothrips unicolor zur Strassen 1965. 39. Rhipiphorothrips Morgan 1913. 1 species. 92. Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Hood 1919. 40. Rubiothrips Schliephake 1975. 1 species. 93. Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner 1933). 41. Scirtothrips Shull 1909. 2 species. [Scirtothrips citri (Moulton 1909)]. — The occurrence of Sc. citri in Iran is doubtful. The Iranian record cannot be accepted until specimens from Iran are authentically determined. See pages 9–10. 94. Scirtothrips mangiferae Priesner 1932. 42. Scolothrips Hinds 1902. 4 species. 95. Scolothrips latipennis Priesner 1950. 96. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner 1926. 97. Scolothrips rhagebianus Priesner 1950. [Scolothrips sexmaculatus (Pergande 1890)]. — The record of S. sexmaculatus from Iran cannot be accepted until specimens from Iran are authentically determined. See pages 10–11. [Scolothrips indicus Priesner 1950 is synonym of Scolothrips rhagebianus Priesner 1950]. See page 51.

43. Sitothrips Priesner 1931. 1 species. 98. Sitothrips arabicus Priesner 1931. 44. Sphaeropothrips Priesner 1928. 1 species. 99. Sphaeropothrips vittipennis (Bagnall 1927). 45. Stenothrips Uzel 1895. 1 species. 100. Stenothrips graminum Uzel 1895. 46. Taeniothrips Amyot & Serville 1843. 1 species. 101. Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel 1895). [Taeniothrips atratus (Haliday 1836) = Thrips atratus Haliday 1836]. See page 55. [Taeniothrips discolor (Karny 1907) = Tenothrips discolor (Karny 1907)]. See page 53. [Taeniothrips frici (Uzel 1895) = Tenothrips frici (Uzel 1895)]. See page 53. [Taeniothrips gladioli Moulton & Steinweden 1931 is synonym of Thrips simplex (Morison 1930)]. See page 58. [Taeniothrips meridionalis Priesner 1926 = Thrips meridionalis (Priesner 1926)]. See page 57. [Taeniothrips pallidivestis (Priesner 1926) is synonym of Tenothrips frici (Uzel 1895)]. See page 54. [Taeniothrips persimilis (Priesner 1954) is synonym of Tenothrips frici (Uzel 1895)]. See page 53.

22


[Taeniothrips reichardti Priesner 1926 = Tenothrips reichardti (Priesner 1926)]. See page 54. [Taeniothrips simplex (Morison 1930) = Thrips simplex (Morison 1930)]. See page 58. [Taeniothrips vulgatissimus (Haliday 1836) = Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday 1836]. See page 59.

47. Tamaricothrips Priesner 1964. 1 species. 102. Tamaricothrips tamaricis (Bagnall 1926). 48. Tenothrips Bhatti 1967. 4 species. 103. Tenothrips discolor (Karny 1907). 104. Tenothrips frici (Uzel 1895). 105. Tenothrips latoides (Pelikán 1968). [Tenothrips pallidivestis (Priesner 1926) is synonym of Tenothrips frici (Uzel 1895)]. See page 54.

106. Tenothrips reichardti (Priesner 1926). 49. Thrips Linnaeus 1758. 26 species. 107. Thrips albopilosus Uzel 1895. 108. Thrips angusticeps Uzel 1895. 109. Thrips atratus Haliday 1836. 110. Thrips coloratus Schmutz 1913. 111. Thrips dubius Priesner 1927. 112. Thrips euphorbiae Knechtel 1923. 113. Thrips flavus Schrank 1776. 114. Thrips fraudulentus (Priesner 1954). 115. Thrips fuscipennis Haliday 1836. 116. Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan 1913). 117. Thrips iranicus Yakhontov 1951. — This species is not recognizable at present. The characters at present needed for species determination are not known. 118. Thrips major Uzel 1895. 119. Thrips mareoticus (Priesner 1932). 120. Thrips meridionalis (Priesner 1926). 121. Thrips minutissimus Linnaeus 1758. 122. Thrips nigropilosus Uzel 1895. 123. Thrips pelikani Schliephake 1964. 124. Thrips physapus Linnaeus 1758. 125. Thrips pillichi Priesner 1924. 126. Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov 1951. — This species is not recognizable at present. The characters at present needed for species determination are not known. 127. Thrips simplex (Morison 1930). 128. Thrips tabaci Lindeman 1889. 129. Thrips trehernei Priesner 1927.


23

130. Thrips verbasci (Priesner 1920). 131. Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall 1933). 132. Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday 1836.

2. TUBULIFERA. The Tubulifera reported so far from Iran comprise 45 species in 15 genera. 1. Ataliothrips Bhatti 1995. 1 species. 1. Ataliothrips reuteri (Bagnall 1913). 2. Cephalothrips Uzel 1895. 2 species. 2. Cephalothrips coxalis Bagnall 1926. 3. Cephalothrips monilicornis (O. M. Reuter 1880). 3. Compsothrips O. M. Reuter 1901. 1 species. 4. Compsothrips albosignatus (O. M. Reuter 1884). 4. Dolicholepta Priesner 1932. 1 species. 5. Dolicholepta micrura (Bagnall 1914). 5. Haplothrips Amyot & Serville 1843. 29 species. 6. Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius 1803). 7. Haplothrips andresi Priesner 1931. [Haplothrips apicalis (Bagnall 1915) = Plicothrips apicalis (Bagnall 1915)]. See page 77.

8. Haplothrips bagnalli (Trybom 1910) 41. — This species is not listed in Minaei & Mound (2008 ) 37. 9. Haplothrips nr. bagrolis Bhatti 1973 41. — This species is not listed in Minaei & Mound (2008 ) 37. 10. Haplothrips caespitis Priesner 1936. — The record of this species from Iran42 is based on individuals identified by zur Strassen as “perhaps caespitis” (Minaei & Mound 2008: 2637–2638) 35. The identity of this species in Iran remains to be confirmed. [Haplothrips cerealis Priesner 1939 reported from Iran43 is misidentification of Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov) (Minaei & Mound 2008: 2617) 37]. 41 Manzari,

S. 2004. [Report of three species of thrips from Iranian islands in Persian Gulf]. Newsletter of Entomological Society of Iran, No. 21: 2. (Haplothrips bagnalli, Haplothrips nr. bagrolis).

42 Bagheri,

S. & Alavi, J. 2006. New records of 20 species Thysanoptera on forest and rangeland plants for Iran and Khuzestan province. Proceedings of the 17th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Vol. I, p. 78. (Haplothrips caespitis).

43 Gilasian,

E., Moharramipour, S., & Alavi, J. 2000. One genera and five species of Thysanoptera as new records for Iran fauna. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Vol. I, p. 341. (Haplothrips cerealis).

24


11. Haplothrips clarisetis Priesner 1931. 12. Haplothrips distinguendus (Uzel 1895). 13. Haplothrips eragrostidis Priesner 1931. 14. Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny 1910). 15. Haplothrips flavitibia Williams 1916. 16. Haplothrips ganglbaueri Schmutz 1913. 17. Haplothrips globiceps (Bagnall 1934). [Haplothrips inoptatus Priesner 1954 is synonym of Haplothrips globiceps (Bagnall 1934)]. See page 72. [Haplothrips iraniensis Priesner 1954 is synonym of Haplothrips maroccanus Priesner 1950]. See page 74.

18. Haplothrips kermanensis zur Strassen 1975. 19. Haplothrips kurdjumovi Karny 1913. 20. Haplothrips leucanthemi (Schrank 1781). 21. Haplothrips longipes Bagnall 1926. 22. Haplothrips maroccanus Priesner 1950. 23. Haplothrips minutus (Uzel 1895). — The report of this species from Iran44 is based on specimens identified by zur Strassen with a query (?), and moreover the identity of minutus remains problematic (Minaei & Mound 2008: 2647–2648) 37. [Haplothrips niger (Osborn 1883) is synonym of Haplothrips leucanthemi (Schrank 1781)]. See page 73. [Haplothrips phyllireae Bagnall 1933 is synonym of Haplothrips andresi Priesner 1931]. See page 70.

24. Haplothrips phyllophilus Priesner 1914. 25. Haplothrips rabinovitchi Priesner 1936. — The report of Haplothrips rabinovitchi from Iran44 is based on two specimens identified by zur Strassen as “perhaps H. rabinovitchi” (Minaei & Mound 2008: 2649) 37. 26. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny 1907). [Haplothrips scythicus Knechtel 1961 is synonym of Haplothrips leucanthemi (Schrank 1781). See page 73.

27. Haplothrips subtilissimus (Haliday 1852). 28. Haplothrips tamaricinus Priesner 1939. [Haplothrips tolerabilis Priesner 1936 is synonym of Haplothrips ganglbaueri Schmutz 1913]. See page 72.

29. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov 1912). 30. Haplothrips vuilleti Priesner 1920. 6. Hoplandrothrips Hood 1912. 2 species. 31. Hoplandrothrips bidens (Bagnall 1910). 32. Hoplandrothrips hungaricus Priesner 1961. 7. Idiothrips Faure 1933. 1 species. 33. Idiothrips ficus Bhatti 1967.


25

8. Liophloeothrips Priesner 1919. 1 species. 34. Liophloeothrips hungaricus (Priesner 1924). 9. Liothrips Uzel 1895. 4 species. 35. Liothrips austriacus (Karny 1909). 36. Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg 1955. 37. Liothrips pragensis Uzel 1895. 43 Kheyrandish

Koshkoei, M., Moharramipour, S., & Kamali, K. 2000. A report on Thysanoptera suborder Tubulifera in Kerman and records of three new species for Iran fauna. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Vol. I, p. 354.

44 Bagheri,

S. & Alavi, J. 2006. New records of 20 species Thysanoptera on forest and rangeland plants for Iran and Khuzestan province. Proceedings of the 17th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Vol. I, Pests, p. 78.

[Liothrips reuteri (Bagnall 1913) = Ataliothrips reuteri (Bagnall 1913)]. See page 69.

38. Liothrips setinodis (O. M. Reuter 1880). 10. Megathrips Targioni-Tozzetti 1881. 1 species. 39. Megathrips flavipes (O. M. Reuter 1901). 11. Neoheegeria Schmutz 1909. 2 species. 40. Neoheegeria dalmatica Schmutz 1909. 41. Neoheegeria persica Priesner 1954. 12. Phlaeothrips Haliday 1836. 1 species. 42. Phlaeothrips coriaceus Haliday 1836. [Phloeothrips oryzae Matsumura 1899 is synonym of Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius 1803)]. See page 70.

13. Plicothrips Bhatti 1979. 1 species. 43. Plicothrips apicalis (Bagnall 1915). 14. Pseudocryptothrips Priesner 1919. 1 species. 44. Pseudocryptothrips meridionalis Priesner 1919. 15. Stictothrips Hood 1924. 1 species. 45. Stictothrips faurei Hood 1924. [= Stictothrips fimbriata (Ananthakrishnan 1953)45, new synonym]. 45 Stictothrips

fimbriata (Ananthakrishnan 1953). India:Chennai.

Ananthakrishnan, T. N. 1953. A new species of thrips, Thilakothrips fimbriata sp. n. (Thysanoptera; Tubulifera), from South India. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B, 22: 33–34.

Comparison of specimens of fimbriata from India (Chennai and Delhi) and faurei from South Africa shows that the two nominal species cannot be distinguished from each other.

26


Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran. 1. TEREBRANTIA. Species name Aeolothrips** afghanus Jenser 1984

Name(s) used in Literature on Iran thrips

Related References

Aeolothrips afghanus Jenser

Jenser 1984, Folia Entomologica Hungarica (Rovartani Közlemények), 45 (2): 106–107, Aeolothrips afghanus. Afghanistan*. zur Strassen, in correspondence, Aeolothrips afghanus.

Podaeolella afghanus (Jenser 1984)

Aeolothrips albicinctus Haliday

Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 451, Aeolothrips albicincta. Great Britain.

* Type locality. The geographical location given along with the original reference of each species indicates the type locality of the species. ** Note by JSB. The genus name Aeolothrips is used in the traditional sense by zur Strassen (2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 277 pp.; key to 38 species of Aeolothrips from Europe and the Mediterranean area is given on pp. 35–57) and by Mound (2005, Thysanoptera (Thrips) of the World — a checklist. www.ento.csiro.au/thysanoptera/worldthrips.html; the genus Aeolothrips includes 95 species in the checklist). However, the taxonomy of the genus Aeolothrips sensu lato was reinterpreted (Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115–116; etc.) as follows. (1) Aeolothrips Haliday 1836 was redefined on the basis of previously unstudied structural features, and was consequently restricted to the type species albicinctus Haliday. Resulting from this new characterization of Aeolothrips sensu lato and its dissolution, three further genera were recognized.

Scientific Names of thrips in Iran

Aeolothrips albicinctus Haliday 1836

Podaeolella afghanus, new combination — JSB. Transferred to Podaeolella. (see below).

(2) Coleothrips, earlier considered a subgenus of Aeolothrips, was raised to the rank of genus. Coleothrips was redefined and characterized, and was distinguished from Aeolothrips. 74 species were transferred to the newly recognized genus. Subsequently, 11 further species described in Aeolothrips were transferred to Coleothrips: Bhatti 1990 (Zoology, 2 (4): 269; 4 species), 1999 (Thrips, No. 1: 6–7; 4 species), 2006 (Oriental Insects, 40: 349; 3 species). (3) Podaeolella Priesner 1926 was recalled from synonymy under Aeolothrips, and 2 species were transferred from Aeolothrips (Bhatti 1988: 116), i.e. cursor (Priesner 1939) and versicolor (Uzel 1895). A third species, Podaeolella afghanus (Jenser 1984), new combination, — JSB, is herein transferred to Podaeolella. (4) Fabothrips Bhatti 1988 (l.c., p. 116) was described, with 4 North American species transferred from Aeolothrips, i.e. nitidus (Moulton 1946), oculatus (Hood 1927), vittipennis (Hood 1912), yosemitae (Moulton 1929). Later, the Mexican species mexicanus (Priesner 1924), synonymized by Bhatti under vittipennis, was considered a distinct species by Mound & Marullo (1996, Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6: 49) based on the absence of a transverse dark marking in the basal third of the fore wing of females, which is present in females from the U.S.A., although the males of the two species cannot be distinguished. Two further species described in Aeolothrips were later transferred to Fabothrips (Bhatti 2006, l.c., p. 349): flaviventer (Pelikán 1983) (Uzbekistan) and mexicanus (Priesner 1924) (Mexico). The two nominal species oculatus Hood and yosemitae Moulton are treated as synonyms of vittipennis by Mound (2005, www.ento.csiro.au/thysanoptera/worldthrips.html).

27

(5) Arabthrips Bhatti 1999. The Saudi Arabian species Aeolothrips asirensis zur Strassen 1979 was at first doubtfully transferred to Fabothrips (Bhatti 1988: 116), and was subsequently transferred to Arabthrips (Bhatti 1999, Thrips, No. 1: 7).

Species name


Aeolothrips collaris Priesner 1919

Coleothrips collaris (Priesner 1919)*

Related References Priesner 1919, Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 128 (2–3): 119–120, Aeolothrips fasciatus var. collaris. Albania.

Aeolothrips collaris Priesner

Priesner 1933, Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 94 (2): 180, Aeolothrips collaris. Raised to the rank of species.

Coleothrips collaris (Priesner)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips collaris. Transferred to Coleothrips.

Coleothrips deserticola (Priesner 1929)*

Aeolothrips deserticola Priesner

Priesner 1929, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 13 (1–3): 61–63, Aeolothrips deserticola. Egypt.

Coleothrips deserticola (Priesner)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips deserticola. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 44, 50, Aeolothrips deserticola**.

Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758)

Coleothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758)*

Linnaeus 1758, Systema Naturae, 10th ed., p. 457, Thrips fasciata. Europe. Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus)

Burmeister 1838, Handbuch der Entomologie, 2 (2): 417, Aeolothrips fasciata. Transferred to Aeolothrips.

Coleothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, 116, Coleothrips fasciatus. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 45, 52, Aeolothrips fasciatus**.

* Genus and species name combination used by Bhatti (1988, 1990, 1999, 2006). ** Combination used by R. zur Strassen (2003; species of Aeolothrips, pp. 35–57).


zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 46, 50, Aeolothrips collaris**. Aeolothrips deserticola Priesner 1929

28

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 2)

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 3) Species name Aeolothrips gloriosus Bagnall 1914

Coleothrips gloriosus (Bagnall 1914)*


Related References

Aeolothrips gloriosus Bagnall

Bagnall 1914, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 14: 375–376, Aeolothrips gloriosus. Sardinia (Italy).

Coleothrips gloriosus (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips gloriosus. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 47, 57, Aeolothrips gloriosus**.

Aeolothrips heinzi zur Strassen 1990

zur Strassen 1990, Entomologische Zeitschrift, 100 (22): 427–430, Aeolothrips heinzi. Turkey.

Coleothrips heinzi (zur Strassen)

Bhatti 1999, Thrips, No. 1: 7, Coleothrips heinzi. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 40, Aeolothrips heinzi**.

Aeolothrips insularis Priesner 1933

Aeolothrips insularis Priesner

Priesner 1933, Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 94 (2): 183–184, Aeolothrips insularis. Canary Islands.

Coleothrips insularis (Priesner)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips insularis. Transferred to Coleothrips.

(occurence in Iran is doubtful, see page 8)

Coleothrips insularis (Priesner 1933)*

zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 39, 54, Aeolothrips insularis**. Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall 1934 Coleothrips intermedius (Bagnall 1934)*

Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall

Bagnall 1934, Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 70: 123–124, Aeolothrips intermedius. Switzerland.

Coleothrips intermedius (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips intermedius. Transferred to Coleothrips.


Coleothrips heinzi (zur Strassen 1990)*

Aeolothrips heinzi zur Strassen

zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 46, 50, Aeolothrips intermedius**. * Genus and species name combination used by Bhatti (1988, 1990, 1999, 2006). ** Combination used by R. zur Strassen (2003; species of Aeolothrips, pp. 35–57).

29

Species name Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán 1985

Coleothrips mongolicus (Pelikán 1985)*


Related References

Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán

Pelikán 1985, Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 77: 128–129, Aeolothrips mongolicus. Mongolia.

Coleothrips mongolicus (Pelikán)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips mongolicus. Transferred to Coleothrips.

30


zur Strassen, in correspondence, Aeolothrips mongolicus. Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall 1926

Bagnall 1926, Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 62: 280, Aeolothrips tenuicornis. Great Britain (England).

Coleothrips tenuicornis (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips tenuicornis. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 42, 50, Aeolothrips tenuicornis**.

Aeolothrips versicolor Uzel 1895

Podaeolella versicolor (Uzel 1895)*

Aeolothrips versicolor Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 69–70, Aeolothrips versicolor. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Podaeolella versicolor (Uzel)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Podaeolella versicolor. Transferred to Podaeolella. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 37, 56, Aeolothrips versicolor**.

Agalmothrips parviceps (Priesner 1965)

Priesner 1965, Publications de l’Institut du Desert d’Egypte (1960), No. 13: 265–266, Anaphothrips (Agalmothrips) parviceps. Sudan. Agalmothrips parviceps (Priesner)

Bhatti 1978, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 59 (1–2): 87, Agalmothrips parviceps. Agalmothrips is raised to the rank of genus.

* Genus and species name combination used by Bhatti (1988, 1990, 1999, 2006). ** Combination used by R. zur Strassen (2003; species of Aeolothrips, pp. 35–57).


Coleothrips tenuicornis (Bagnall 1926)*

Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 5) Species name Agrostothrips atricorpus (Girault 1927)

Agrostothrips meridionalis (Bagnall 1927)

Related References

Chirothrips atricorpus Girault

Girault 1927, Thysanoptera Nova Australiensis from Queensland, p. 1, Chirtothrips [sic] atricorpus. Australia.

Agrostothrips atricorpus (Girault)

Bhatti 1990, Zoology, 2 (4): 194, Agrostothrips atricorpus. Transferred to Agrostothrips.

Chirothrips meridionalis (Bagnall)

Bagnall 1927, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (19): 566, Chirothrips meridionalis. France.

Agrostothrips meridionalis (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1990, Zoology, 2 (4): 194, Agrostothrips meridionalis. Transferred to Agrostothrips.

Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller 1776)

Müller 1776, Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, sue animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimus popularium, p. 96, Thrips obscura. Denmark. Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller)

Reuter 1899, Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 17 (2): 42, Anaphothrips obscura. Transferred to Anaphothrips.

Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom 1911

Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom

Trybom 1911, Results of the Swedish Zoological Expedetion to Egypt and the White Nile 1901, 4 (19): 60–63, Anaphothrips sudanensis. Sudan.

Aptinothrips elegans Priesner 1924

Aptinothrips elegans Priesner

Priesner 1924, Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 133 (10): 528, Aptinothrips elegans. Hungary.

Aptinothrips rufus (Haliday 1836)



Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 445, Thrips (Aptinothrips) rufa. Europe. Aptinothrips rufus (Haliday)

Amyot & Serville 1843, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Hémiptères, p. 642, Aptinothrips rufa. (Aptinothrips raised to the rank of genus).

31

Species name


Aptinothrips stylifer Trybom 1894

Bregmatothrips bournieri Pelikán 1988

32

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 6) Related References Trybom 1894, Entomologisk Tidskrift, 15 (1): 43, Aptinothrips stylifera. Finland. Aptinothrips stylifer Trybom

John 1928, Manuals for Determination of Insects of USSR, p. 29, Aptinothrips stylifer. Spelling changed.

Bregmatothrips bournieri Pelikán

Pelikán 1988, Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85: 464–468, Bregmatothrips bournieri. Iran (Tehran) [and Turkmenistan]. Bagnall & Cameron 1932, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10 (10): 417, Hercothrips graminicola. Sudan.

Caliothrips graminicola (Bagnall & Cameron)

Priesner 1949, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 33: 132, Hercothrips is synonym of Caliothrips. (graminicola is transferred to Caliothrips by implication).

Caliothrips graminicola (Bagnall & Cameron)

Faure 1957, Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 20 (1): 79, Caliothrips graminicola.

Caliothrips impurus (Priesner 1928)

Priesner 1928, Bollettino del Laboratorie di Zoologia Generale e Agraria del R. Instituto Superiore Agrario in Portici, 21 (6): 61, Heliothrips impurus. Nigeria. Caliothrips impurus (Priesner)

Priesner 1949, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 33: 132, Hercothrips is synonym of Caliothrips. (impurus is transferred to Caliothrips by implication).

Caliothrips impurus (Priesner)

Faure 1962, Entomologisk Tidskrift, 83 (1–2): 9, Caliothrips impurus.


Caliothrips graminicola (Bagn. & Cam. 1932)

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 7) Species name


Caliothrips striatopterus (Kobus 1892) (occurence in Iran is doubtful, see page 8)

Related References Kobus 1892, Mededeelingen van het Proefstation Oost-Java, Soerabaja, No. 43: 17, figs. 1–2, Thrips striatoptera. Indonesia (Java). Hood 1927, Psyche, 34 (6): 233, Hercothrips striatopterus. Transferred to Hercothrips. Priesner 1949, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 33: 132, Hercothrips is synonym of Caliothrips. (striatopterus is transferred to Caliothrips by implication).

Caliothrips striatopterus (Kobus)

Faure 1962, Entomologisk Tidskrift, 83 (1–2): 10, 11, Caliothrips striatopterus.

Chaetanaphothrips sp.

Chaetanaphothrips sp.

[Esmaili 1983, Important Pests of Fruit Trees, p. 366. Chaetanaphothrips sp. is reported as a citrus thrips “present in northern parts of Iran”.].

Chirothrips africanus Priesner 1932

Chirothrips africanus Priesner

Priesner 1932, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 16 (1–2): 46–47, Chirothrips africanus. Egypt.

Chirothrips kurdistanus zur Strassen 1967

Chirothrips kurdistanus zur Strassen

zur Strassen 1967, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 69 (1): 49–50, Chirothrips kurdistanus. Turkey.

Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday 1836)

Chirothrips molestus Priesner 1926


Caliothrips striatopterus (Kobus)

Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 444, Thrips (Chirothrips) manicata. Great Britain. Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday)

Amyot & Serville 1843, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Hémiptères, p. 642, Chirothrips manicata. (Chirothrips is raised to the rank of genus).

Chirothrips molestus Priesner

Priesner 1926, Die Thysanopteren Europas, pt. 1: 142, Chirothrips molestus. Austria.

33

Species name


Chirothrips pallidicornis Priesner 1926

Related References Priesner 1925, Zoologische Jahrbücher (Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere), 50 (3): 312, Chirothrips manicatus forma pallidicornis. Hungary.

Chirothrips pallidicornis Priesner

Chirothrips pedestris (Karny 1910)

Priesner 1928, Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 25: 62, Chirothrips pallidicornis. Raised to the rank of species.

Chirothrips aculeatus Bagnall

Bagnall 1927, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (19): 567, Chirothrips aculeatus. Hungary.

Chirothrips pedestris (Karny)

Priesner 1949, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 33: 164–165 (description from holotype male), 174 (in key to males), Chirothrips pedestris. Transferred to Chirothrips. The species is also redescribed from the unique type specimen.

zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 201, 204, Chirothrips aculeatus. Coleothrips collaris (Priesner 1919)

Priesner 1919, Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 128 (2–3): 119–120, Aeolothrips fasciatus var. collaris. Albania. Aeolothrips collaris Priesner

Priesner 1933, Stettiner Ent. Zeitung, 94 (2): 180, Aeolothrips collaris. Raised to the rank of species.

Coleothrips collaris (Priesner)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips collaris. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 46, 50, Aeolothrips collaris.


Karny 1910, Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins an der Universität Wien, 8 (2): 55, Pezothrips (?) pedestris. Austria.

zur Strassen 1975, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 56 (1–3): 78, Chirothrips aculeatus. Ch. pedestris is recognized as identical with Ch. aculeatus, based on study of the holotype male of pedestris.

[see also under Aeolothrips]

34


Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 9) Species name Coleothrips deserticola (Priesner 1929)



Related References

Aeolothrips deserticola Priesner

Priesner 1929, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 13 (1–3): 61–63, Aeolothrips deserticola. Egypt.

Coleothrips deserticola (Priesner)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips deserticola. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 44, 50, Aeolothrips deserticola.

Coleothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758) Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus)

Burmeister 1838, Handb. Ent., 2 (2): 417, Aeolothrips fasciata. Transferred to Aeolothrips.

Coleothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, 116, Coleothrips fasciatus. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 45, 52, Aeolothrips collaris.

Coleothrips gloriosus (Bagnall 1914)


Aeolothrips gloriosus Bagnall

Bagnall 1914, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 14: 375–376, Aeolothrips gloriosus. Sardinia (Italy).

Coleothrips gloriosus (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips gloriosus. Transferred to Coleothrips.



Linnaeus 1758, Systema Naturae, 10th ed., p. 457, Thrips fasciata. Europe.

zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 47, 57, Aeolothrips gloriosus. Coleothrips heinzi (zur Strassen 1990) [see also under Aeolothrips]

Aeolothrips heinzi zur Strassen

zur Strassen 1990, Entomologische Zeitschrift, 100 (22): 427–430, Aeolothrips heinzi. Turkey.

Coleothrips heinzi (zur Strassen)

Bhatti 1999, Thrips, No. 1: 7, Coleothrips heinzi. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 40, Aeolothrips heinzi.

35

Species name Coleothrips insularis (Priesner 1933)


Related References

Aeolothrips insularis Priesner

Priesner 1933, Stettiner Ent. Zeitung, 94 (2): 183– 184, Aeolothrips insularis. Canary Islands.


36


Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips insularis. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 39, 54, Aeolothrips insularis.

Coleothrips intermedius (Bagnall 1934)

Bagnall 1934, Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 70: 123–124, Aeolothrips intermedius. Switzerland.

Coleothrips intermedius (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips intermedius. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 46, 50, Aeolothrips intermedius.

Coleothrips mongolicus (Pelikán 1985)


Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán

Pelikán 1985, Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 77: 128–129, Aeolothrips mongolicus. Mongolia.

Coleothrips mongolicus (Pelikán)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips mongolicus. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen, in correspondence, Aeolothrips mongolicus.

Coleothrips tenuicornis (Bagnall 1926)


Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall

Bagnall 1926, Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 62: 280, Aeolothrips tenuicornis. Great Britain (England).

Coleothrips tenuicornis (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Coleothrips tenuicornis. Transferred to Coleothrips. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 42, 50, Aeolothrips tenuicornis.

Collembolothrips mediterraneus Priesner 1935

Collembolothrips mediterraneus Priesner

Priesner 1935, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 19: 308–310, Collembolothrips mediterraneus. Cyprus.



Aeolothrips intermedius (Bagnall)

Scientific Names of Species of Terebrantia found in Iran. (continued ... 11) Species name


Related References

Dendrothrips degeeri Uzel 1895

Dendrothrips degeeri Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 162–164, Dendrothrips degeeri. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Dendrothrips karnyi Priesner 1921

Dendrothrips karnyi Priesner

Priesner 1921, Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 38 (4–8): 115, 116, Dendrothrips Karnyi (sic !). Croatia (Dalmatia).

Dendrothrips phyllireae (Bagnall 1927)

Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel 1895

Dendrothrips phyllireae (Bagnall)

Faure 1960, Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 23 (1): 16, 20, Dendrothrips phyllireae. Transferred to Dendrothrips.

Dendrothrips saltatrix Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 164–165, Dendrothrips saltatrix. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Dendrothrips saltator Uzel

Priesner 1925, Konowia, 4 (3–4): 144, Dendrothrips saltator. Unnecessary emendation of spelling. This changed name (for the species saltatrix) was used by subsequent authors until 1990.

Dendrothrips saltatrix Uzel

Bhatti 1990, Zoology, 2 (4): 225, Dendrothrips saltatrix. Use of the original name saltatrix is suggested instead of the emended name saltator.

Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 213–214, Drepanothrips reuteri. Czech Republic (Bohemia).


Dendrothrips saltatrix Uzel 1895

Bagnall 1927, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (19): 567, Dendrothripiella phyllireae. France.

37

Species name


Eremiothrips antilope (Priesner 1923)

38

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 12) Related References Priesner 1923, Entomologische Mitteilungen, 12 (1): 63–64, Anaphothrips antilope. Egypt. Priesner 1957, Zoolischer Anzeiger, 159 (7–8): 165, Ascirtothrips antilope. Transferred to Ascirtothrips.

Eremiothrips arya (zur Strassen 1975)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 118, Eremiothrips antilope. Transferred to Eremiothrips.

Ascirtothrips arya zur Strassen

zur Strassen 1975, Senckenbergiana Biol., 56 (4-6): 260–263, Ascirtothrips arya. Iran (Tehran).

Eremiothrips arya (zur Strassen)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 118, Eremiothrips arya. Transferred to Eremiothrips.

Eremiothrips dubius (Priesner 1933)

Priesner 1933, Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 94 (2): 184–186, Scirtothrips (Proscirtothrips) dubius. Canary Islands. Bhatti 1972, Oriental Insects, 6 (2): 221, Ascirtothrips dubius. Transferred to Ascirtothrips.

Eremiothrips efflatouni (Priesner 1965)

Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telma 2003

Eremiothrips dubius (Priesner)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 120, Eremiothrips dubius. Transferred to Eremiothrips.

Ascirtothrips efflatouni Priesner

Priesner 1965, Publications de l’Institut du Desert d’Egypte (1960), No. 13: 253–255, Ascirtothrips (Ascirtothrips) efflatouni. Egypt.

Eremiothrips efflatouni (Priesner)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 120, Eremiothrips efflatouni. Transferred to Eremiothrips.

Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telma

Bhatti & Telma 2003 [In: Bhatti et al. 2003], Thrips No. 2: 58–99, Eremiothrips farsi. Iran (Mazandaran province).


Eremiothrips antilope (Priesner)



Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov 1929)

Yakhontov 1929, Trudy Shirabudinskoi Opitnoij Selsko-Ksosjaslwennoi Stansij, 2 (2): 8–11, Anaphothrips (Hemianaphothrips) shirabudinensis. Uzbekistan. Ascirtothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov)

Priesner 1964, Bestimmungsbücher zur Bodenfauna Europas, 2: 55, Ascirtothrips shirabudinensis. Transferred to Ascirtothrips.

Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 123, Eremiothrips shirabudinensis. Transferred to Eremiothrips.

Ascirtothrips taghizadehi zur Strassen

zur Strassen 1975, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 56 (4-6): 274–276, Ascirtothrips taghizadehi. Iran (Tehran).

Eremiothrips taghizadehi (zur Strassen)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 123, Eremiothrips taghizadehi. Transferred to Eremiothrips.

Eremiothrips tamaricis (zur Strassen 1975)

zur Strassen 1975, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 56 (4–6): 276–278, Ascirtothrips tamaricis. Morocco. Eremiothrips tamaricis (zur Strassen)

Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti 1967)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 123, Eremiothrips tamaricis. Transferred to Eremiothrips.


Eremiothrips taghizadehi (zur Strassen 1975)

Related References

Bhatti 1967, Thysanoptera Nova Indica, p. 13, Ascirtothrips varius. India (Delhi). Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 123, Eremiothrips varius. Transferred to Eremiothrips.

Euphysothrips minozzii Bagnall 1926

Euphysothrips minozzii Bagnall

Bagnall 1926, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (18): 646–648, Euphysothrips minozzii. France.

Exothrips redox Bhatti 1975

Exothrips redox Bhatti

Bhatti 1975, Oriental Insects, 9 (1): 62–64, Exothrips redox. India (Jammu) (also recorded from Delhi and Punjab).

39

Species name


Frankliniella cephalica (D L Crawford 1910)

40

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 14) Related References D L Crawford 1910, Pomona College Journal of Entomology, 2 (1): 153, Euthrips cephalica. Mexico.


Frankliniella cephalica (D. L. Crawford)

Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom 1895)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 335, Frankliniella cephalica. Transferred to Frankliniella. Trybom 1895, Entomologisk Tidskrift, 16 (3): 188–190, Thrips intonsa. Sweden.

Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom)

Pergande 1895, Insect Life, 7 (5): 392, Euthrips occidentalis. U.S.A. (California). Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)

Frankliniella pallida (Uzel 1895)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 335, Frankliniella occidentalis. Transferred to Frankliniella. Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 101–102, Physopus pallida. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Frankliniella pallida (Uzel)

Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom 1910)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 336, Frankliniella pallida. Transferred to Frankliniella. Trybom 1910, Denkschriften der medizinischnaturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, 16, 4 (1): 151–153, Physopus schultzei. “Southwest Africa”.

Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 334, Frankliniella schultzei. Transferred to Frankliniella.


Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande 1895)

Karny 1911, Centralbl. Bakt. Parasit. Infektionskrank., 30: 558, Frankliniella intonsa. Transferred to Frankliniella.

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 15) Species name Frankliniella sulphurea Schmutz 1913

Related References

Frankliniella sulphurea Schmutz

Schmutz 1913, Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 122 (7): 1019– 1020, Frankliniella sulphurea. Sri Lanka.

Frankliniella dampfi Priesner 1923

Priesner 1923, Entomologische Mitteilungen, 12 (1): 64–65, Frankliniella dampfi. Egypt, Sudan (“ägyptischer Sudan”: Kosti-Kosti).


Mound 1968, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent., Suppl. 11 : 39, Frankliniella schultzei. Fr. sulphurea is treated as a synonym of schultzei.

Frankliniella sulphurea Schmutz

Bhatti 1990, Zoology, 2 (4): 232–234, Frankliniella sulphurea. Fr. sulphurea is considered a good species.


zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 136–137 (in key to species), Frankliniella schultzei. (Fr. sulphurea and Fr. dampfi are included as synonyms of Fr. schultzei).

Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel 1895)

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 99–101, Physopus tenuicornis. Czech Republic (Bohemia). Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel)

Frankliniella tritici (Fitch 1855)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 334, Frankliniella tenuicornis. Transferred to Frankliniella.



Fitch 1855, Country Gentleman, 6 (24): 385, Thrips tritici. U.S.A. (Geneva, Wisconsin).


Frankliniella tritici (Fitch)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 335, Frankliniella tritici. Transferred to Frankliniella.

41

Species name


Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché 1833)

42

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 16) Related References Bouché 1833, Naturgeschichte der schädlichen und nützlichen Garten-Insekten, 1: 206, Thrips haemorrhoidalis. Europe (? Berlin). Burmeister 1838, Handbuch der Entomologie, 2 (2): 412, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis. Transferred to Heliothrips.

Holarthrothrips josephi Bhatti 1986

Holarthrothrips josephi Bhatti

Bhatti 1986, Zoology, 1 (1): 2–18, Holarthrothrips josephi. Iraq.

Indothrips bhushani Bhatti 1967

Indothrips bhushani Bhatti

Bhatti 1967, Thysanoptera Nova Indica, p. 2–3, Indothrips bhushani. India (Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan; type locality not stated).

Kakothrips pisivorus (Westwood 1880)

Westwood 1880, Gardner’s Chronicle, (2) 14: 206, Thrips pisivora. Great Britain. Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 104–105, Physopus robusta. Czech Republic (Bohemia). Kakothrips robustus (Uzel)

Williams 1914, The Entomologist, 47: 247, Kakothrips robustus. Transferred to Kakothrips.

Kakothrips pisivorus (Westwood)

Williams 1916, The Entomologist, 49: 275, Kakothrips pisivorus. Transferred to Kakothrips. K. pisivorus and K. robustus are the same species. Jacot-Guillarmod 1974, Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History), 7 (3): 849. Kakothrips pisivorus (robustus is listed in synonymy). zur Strassen 1986, Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Würzburg (1984), 25: 45–46, Kakothrips robustus. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 132, Kakothrips robustus. Mound 2005, http://www.ento.csiro.au/thysanoptera/ worldthrips.html, Kakothrips pisivorus.


Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché)



Related References

Kakothrips priesneri Pelikán 1965

Kakothrips priesneri Pelikán

Pelikán 1965, Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 62 (5): 319–322, Kakothrips priesneri. Israel.

Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski 1894

Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski

Jablonowski 1894, Természetrajzi Füzetek, 17 (1–2): 45, Limothrips angulicornis. Hungary.

Limothrips denticornis (Haliday 1836)

Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 445, Thrips (Limothrips) denticornis. Great Britain. Amyot & Serville 1843, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Hémiptères, p. 642, Limothrips denticornis. (Limothrips is raised to the rank of genus).

Limothrips schmutzi Priesner 1919

Limothrips schmutzi Priesner

Priesner 1919, Entomologische Zeitscrift, Frankfurt, 33 (9): 33–34, Limothrips schmutzi. Austria.

Limothrips transcaucasicus Savenko 1944

Limothrips transcaucasicus Savenko

Savenko 1944, Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 5 (10): 1003–1004 (in Georgian), 1006–1007 (in Russian), 1009–1010 (in English), Limothrips transcaucasicus. Georgia.

Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer 1776)

Melanthrips knechteli Priesner 1936

Sulzer 1776, Abgekürzte Geschichte der Insekten, p. 113, Thrips Fuscus (sic !). Switzerland (Winterthur). Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer)

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 31, 64, Melanthrips fusca.

Melanthrips knechteli Priesner

Priesner 1936, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 40–41, Melanthrips knechteli. Romania.


Limothrips denticornis (Haliday)

43

Species name


Melanthrips pallidior Priesner 1919

44

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 18) Related References Priesner 1919, Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Abt. I, 128 (2–3): 119, Melanthrips fuscus var. pallidior. Albania. Priesner 1936, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 36, Melanthrips pallidior. Raised to the rank of species.

Melanthrips rivnayi Priesner 1936

Melanthrips rivnayi Priesner

Priesner 1936, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 48–49, Melanthrips rivnayi. Israel (Zichron Yaakov).

Melanthrips separandus Priesner 1936

Melanthrips separandus Priesner

Priesner 1936, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 38–39, Melanthrips separandus. Israel (Kirjat Anawin).

Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Craw. 1910)

D L Crawford 1910, Pomona College Journal of Entomology, 2 (1): 157, Thrips abdominalis. Mexico. Microcephalothrips abdominalis (DL Crawford)

Mycterothrips consociatus (Targ.-Tozz. 1887)

Bagnall 1926, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (18): 114, Microcephalothrips abdominalis. Transferred to Microcephalothrips. Targioni-Tozzetti Bulletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana (1886), 18 (4): 425–426, Thrips (Euthrips) consociata. Italy (Sicily). Priesner 1925, Konowia, 4 (3–4): 148, Rhopalandrothrips consociatus. Transferred to Rhopalandrothrips.

Mycterothrips consociatus (Targioni-Tozzetti)

Bhatti 1969, Oriental Insects, 3 (4): 378, Mycterothrips consociatus. Transferred to Mycterothrips.


Melanthrips pallidior Priesner



Mycterothrips latus (Bagnall 1912)

Related References Bagnall 1912, Journal of Economic Biology, 7 (4): 191–192, Physothrips latus. Great Britain (England). Priesner 1925, Konowia, 4 (3–4): 148, Taeniothrips latus. Transferred to Taeniothrips.

Mycterothrips latus (Bagnall)

Mycterothrips salicis (O. M. Reuter 1879)

Bhatti 1969, Oriental Insects, 3 (4): 378, Mycterothrips latus. Transferred to Mycterothrips.

Priesner 1920, Jahres-Bericht des Museum Francisco-Carolinum, 78: 54, Taeniothrips salicis. Transferred to Taeniothrips. Priesner 1957, Zoologischer Anzeiger, 159 (7–8): 161, Physothrips salicis. Transferred to Physothrips. Mycterothrips salicis (O. M. Reuter)

Mycterothrips tschirkunae (Yakhontov 1961)

Bhatti 1969, Oriental Insects, 3 (4): 378, Mycterothrips salicis. Transferred to Mycterothrips. Yakhontov 1961, Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 40: 1473– 1474, Rhopalandrothrips tschirkunae. Uzbekistan.

Mycterothrips tschirkunae (Yakhontov)

Neohydatothrips tadzhicus (Pelikán 1964)


O. M. Reuter 1879, Öfversigt af Finska VetenskapsSocietetens Förhandlinger, 21: 220, Thrips salicis. Finland.

Jacot-Guillarmod 1974, Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History), 7 (3): 891, Mycterothrips tschirkunae. Transferred to Mycterothrips. Pelikán 1964, Casopis Ceskoslovenske Spolecnosti Entomologicke (Acta Societatis Entomologicae Cechosloveniae), 61 (3): 228–231, Sericothrips tadzhicus. Tajikistan.

Neohydatothrips tadzhicus (Pelikán)

Bhatti 1973, Oriental Insects, 7 (3): 434, Neohydatothrips tadzhicus. Transferred to Neohydatothrips.

45

Species name


Related References

Odontothrips confusus Priesner 1926

Odontothrips confusus Priesner

Priesner 1926, Die Thysanopteren Europas, pt. 1: 237–238, Odontothrips confusus. Hungary.

Odontothrips meliloti Priesner 1951

Odontothrips meliloti Priesner

Priesner 1951, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (12) 4: 358, Odontothrips meliloti. Germany.

Odontothrips phlomidinus Priesner 1954

Odontothrips phlomidinus Priesner

Priesner 1954, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 50–51, Odontothrips phlomidinus. Iran (Fars province).

Oxythrips halidayi Bagnall 1924

Titschack 1958, Verhandlungen des Vereins für naturwissenschaftliche Heimatforschung zu Hamburg, 33: 5–10, Ekplektothrips priesneri. Spain. Orothrips priesneri (Titschack)

Mound 1991, Journal of Natural History, 25: 649, Orothrips priesneri. Transferred to Orothrips by implication; Ekplektothrips Titschack 1958 is synonym of Orothrips Moulton 1907.

Orothrips priesneri (Titschack)

Mound & Marullo 1991, Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 101 (4): 563, Orothrips priesneri.

Oxythrips halidayi Bagnall

Bagnall 1924, Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 60: 272–273, Oxythrips halidayi. Great Britain [Deeside (Wales) to Devon (England); type locality not stated]

Oxythrips retamae (Priesner 1934)

Priesner 1934, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 18 (3): 275–276, Anaphothrips retamae. Egypt. Bhatti 1978, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 59 (1–2): 103, Retamothrips retamae. Transferred to Retamothrips. Oxythrips retamae (Priesner)

zur Strassen 2000, Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 44: 28, Oxythrips retamae. Transferred to Oxythrips.


Orothrips priesneri (Titschack 1958)

46




Oxythrips ulmifoliorum (Haliday 1836)

Oxythrips wiltshirei Priesner 1954

Related References Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 447, Thrips ulmifoliorum. Great Britain.

Oxythrips ulmifoliorum (Haliday)

Williams 1916, The Entomologist, 49: 280, Oxythrips ulmifoliorum. Transferred to Oxythrips.

Oxythrips wiltshirei Priesner

Priesner 1954, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 49–50, Oxythrips wiltshirei. Iran (Fars province). Williams 1916, The Entomologist, 49: 222, Sericothrips gracilicornis. Great Britain (England).

Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams)

Bhatti 1973, Oriental Insects, 7 (3): 435, Neohydatothrips gracilicornis. Transferred to Neohydatothrips. Bhatti 2006, Oriental Insects, 40: 359, Papiliothrips gracilicornis. Transferred to Papiliothrips.

Parascolothrips priesneri Mound 1967

Parascolothrips priesneri Mound

Parthenothrips dracaenae (Heeger 1854)

Mound 1967, Bulletin of Entomological Research, 57 (2): 317–318, Parascolothrips priesneri. Iraq. Heeger 1854, Sitzungsberichte der MathematischNaturwissenschaftlichen Classe, Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 14: 365, Heliothrips dracaenae. Austria.

Parthenothrips dracaenae (Heeger)


Papiliothrips gracilicornis (Williams 1916)

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 171, Parthenothrips dracaenae. Transferred to Parthenothrips.

47

Species name


Pezothrips bactrianus (Pelikán 1968)

48

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 22) Related References Pelikán 1968, Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 65 (3): 219–221, Taeniothrips bactrianus. Tajikistan. Pezothrips bactrianus (Pelikán) zur Strassen 1978, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 58 (3–4): 190, Pezothrips bactrianus. Transferred to Pezothrips. Podaeolella afghanus (Jenser 1984), new combination — JSB.

Aeolothrips afghanus Jenser

Podaeolella versicolor (Uzel 1895)


zur Strassen, in correspondence, Aeolothrips afghanus. Aeolothrips versicolor Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 69–70, Aeolothrips versicolor. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Podaeolella versicolor (Uzel)

Bhatti 1988, Zoology, 1 (2): 115, Podaeolella versicolor. Transferred to Podaeolella. zur Strassen 2003, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 37, 56, Aeolothrips versicolor.

Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa 1908)

Niwa 1908, Transactions of the Entomological Society of Japan, 2: 180–181, Belothrips mori. Japan. Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa)

Umiya & Omi 1930, Rept. Sericult. Korea Agric. Exp. Sta., 3: 157, Pseudodendrothrips mori. Transferred to Pseudodendrothrips.



Jenser 1984, Folia Entomologica Hungarica (Rovartani Közlemények), 45 (2): 106–107, Aeolothrips afghanus. Afghanistan.



Psilothrips bimaculatus (Priesner 1932)

Related References Priesner 1932, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 16 (1–2): 3–5, Thamnothrips bimaculatus. Egypt. Priesner 1949, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 33: 150, Psilothrips bimaculatus. Transferred by implication; Thamnothrips Priesner 1932 is synonym of Psilothrips Hood 1927.

Psilothrips bimaculatus (Priesner)

O’Neill 1960, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 62 (2): 94, Psilothrips bimaculatus.

Retithrips syriacus (Mayet 1890)

Mayet 1890, Insectes de la Vigne, p. 451, Thrips (Heliothrips) syriacus. Syria. Retithrips syriacus (Mayet)

Priesner 1932, Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 22 (2): 192, Retithrips syriacus. Transferred to Retithrips.

Rhipidothrips brunneus Williams 1913

Rhipidothrips brunneus Williams

Williams 1913, Journal of Economic Biology, 8 (4): 216–218, Rhipidothrips brunneus. Great Britain (England).

Rhipidothrips flavus Tunç 1991

Rhipidothrips flavus Tunç

Tunç 1991, Türkiye Entomologi Dergisi, 15 (3): 138– 139, Rhipidothrips flavus. Turkey.

Rhipidothrips gratiosus Uzel 1895

Rhipidothrips gratiosus Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 67–68, Rhipidothrips gratiosus. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Rhipidothrips unicolor zur Strassen 1965

Rhipidothrips unicolor zur Strassen

zur Strassen 1965, Commentationes Biologicae Societas Scientarum Fennica, 28 (6): 3–7, Rhipidothrips unicolor. Canary Islands.


Psilothrips bimaculatus (Priesner)

49

Species name


Related References

Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Hood 1919

Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Hood

Hood 1919, Insecutor Inscitae Menstruus, 7 (4–6): 94–96, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus. India (Tamil Nadu).

Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner 1933)

Anaphothrips vitis Priesner

Priesner 1933, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 17 (1–3): 79–81, Anaphothrips vitis. Israel (Kirjat Anawin).

Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner)

Bhatti 1978, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 59 (1–2): 105, Rubiothrips vitis. Transferred to Rubiothrips. Moulton 1909, U. S. Department of Agriculture


Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series, Miscellaneous Papers, No. 12 (7): 121–122, Euthrips citri. U.S.A. (California).

Scirtothrips citri (Moulton)

Hood 1914, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 16 (1): 40, Scirtothrips citri. Transferred to Scirtothrips.

Scirtothrips mangiferae Priesner 1932

Scirtothrips mangiferae Priesner

Priesner 1932, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 16 (3): 143–147, Scirtothrips mangiferae. Egypt.

Scolothrips latipennis Priesner 1950

Scolothrips latipennis Priesner

Priesner 1950, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 34: 54–55, Scolothrips latipennis. Egypt.

Scolothrips longicornis Priesner 1926

Scolothrips longicornis Priesner

Priesner 1926, Die Thysanopteren Europas, pt. 2: 239–240, Scolothrips longicornis. Europe (locality not stated).


Scirtothrips citri (Moulton 1909)

50


Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 25) Species name Scolothrips rhagebianus Priesner 1950


Related References

Scolothrips rhagebianus Priesner

Priesner 1950, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 34: 46–48, Scolothrips rhagebianus. Egypt.

Scolothrips indicus Priesner

Priesner 1950, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 34: 48–49, Scolothrips indicus. India (Tamil Nadu). zur Strassen 1988, Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (CFS Courier), 105: 191. Sc. indicus is synonym of Sc. rhagebianus. Pergande 1894, Transactions of the Academy of Science, St. Luis, 5 (3–4): 539 (footnote), Thrips 6maculata. U.S.A. (California).


Sitothrips arabicus Priesner 1931

Scolothrips sexmaculatus (Pergande 1890)

Hinds 1902, Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 26 (1310): 157 , Scolothrips 6-maculatus. Transferred to Scolothrips.

Sitothrips arabicus Priesner

Priesner 1931, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 15 (2): 127–129, Sitothrips arabicus. Egypt.

Sphaeropothrips vittipennis (Bagnall 1927)


Scolothrips sexmaculatus (Pergande 1890)

Bagnall 1927, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (19): 574 –575, Baliothrips vittipennis. France. Sphaeropothrips inauditus Priesner 1928

Priesner 1928, Konowia, 7 (4): 322–324, Sphaeropothrips inauditus. Poland.

Sphaeropothrips vittipennis (Bagnall)

Bhatti & Mound 1980, Bulletin of Entomology, 21: 16, Sphaeropothrips vittipennis. Transferred to Sphaeropothrips, recalled from synonymy under Baliothrips.

51

Species name Stenothrips graminum Uzel 1895


Related References

Stenothrips graminum Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 210–211, Stenothrips graminum. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Baliothrips graminum (Uzel)

Bhatti 1969, Oriental Insects, 3 (4): 374, Baliothrips graminum. Transferred to Baliothrips.

Stenothrips graminum Uzel

Bhatti & Mound 1980, Bulletin of Entomology, 21: 16, Stenothrips graminum. Transferred back to Stenothrips. Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 117–119, Physopus inconsequens. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel)

Tamaricothrips tamaricis (Bagnall 1926)

Bagnall 1916, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 17: 216, Taeniothrips inconsequens. Transferred to Taeniothrips. Bagnall 1926, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (18): 645–646, Anaphothrips tamaricis. France.

Oxythrips tamaricis (Bagnall)

Pelikán 1955, Zoologické a Entomologické Listy (Folia Zoologica et Entomologica), 18 (1): 27, Oxythrips tamaricis. Included in Oxythrips.

Tamaricothrips tamaricis (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1978, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 59 (1–2): 105, Tamaricothrips tamaricis. Transferred to Tamaricothrips.


Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel 1895)

52




Tenothrips discolor (Karny 1907)

Related References Karny 1907, Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 52 (1): 46, Euthrips discolor. Montenegro (Kotor = Cattaro). Priesner 1925, Konowia, 4 (3): 147, Taeniothrips discolor. Transferred to Taeniothrips.

Ceratothrips discolor (Karny)

Mortazawiha & Dern 1977, Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées, No. 45: 10, Ceratothrips discolor. Transferred to Ceratothrips.

Tenothrips discolor (Karny)

Bhatti 1990, Zoology, 2 (4): 203, Tenothrips discolor. Transferred to Tenothrips.

Tenothrips frici (Uzel 1895)

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, pp. 126–127, Physopus frici. Czech Republic (Bohemia). Taeniothrips frici (Uzel)

Priesner 1920, Jahres-Bericht des Museum Francisco-Carolinum, 78: 54, Taeniothrips frici. Transferred to Taeniothrips. Priesner 1926, Die Thysanopteren Europas, pt. 2 : 291, Taeniothrips frici var. pallidivestis. Hungary.

Taeniothrips pallidivestis (Priesner)

Melis 1936, Redia, 22: 88, Taeniothrips pallidivestis. Raised to the rank of species.

Taeniothrips persimilis Priesner

Priesner 1954, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 12 (7): 51–52, Taeniothrips persimilis. Iran (Fars province).

Ceratothrips frici (Uzel)

Jacot-Guillarmod 1974, Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History), 7 (3): 732– 735, Ceratothrips frici. Transferred to Ceratothrips.


Taeniothrips discolor (Karny)

zur Strassen 1978, Senckenbergiana Biologica (1977), 58 (3–4): 188. Taenio. persimilis is synonym of Ceratothrips pallidivestis Tenothrips frici (Uzel)

Bhatti 1990, Zoology, 2(4): 202, Tenothrips frici. Transferred to Tenothrips.

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Species name Tenothrips frici [continued]


Related References

Tenothrips pallidivestis (Priesner)

Bhatti 1990, Zoology, 2(4): 203, Tenothrips pallidivestis. Transferred to Tenothrips.

54


zur Strassen 2000, Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 44 (1): 29–30; pallidivestis is synonym of Tenothrips frici. Tenothrips latoides (Pelikán 1968)

Pelikán 1968, Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 65 (3): 216–219, Taeniothrips latoides. Tajikistan. Tenothrips latoides (Pelikán)

Priesner 1926, Die Thysanopteren Europas, pt. 2: 292, Taeniothrips frici var. reichardti. Siberia. Taeniothrips reichardti Priesner

Priesner 1954, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 12 (7): 52, Taeniothrips reichardti. Raised to the rank of species.

Tenothrips reichardti (Priesner)

Bhatti 1990, Zoology, 2(4): 202, Tenothrips reichardti. Transferred to Tenothrips.

Thrips albopilosus Uzel 1895

Thrips albopilosus Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 190–191, Thrips albopilosa. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Thrips angusticeps Uzel 1895

Thrips angusticeps Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 191–192, Thrips angusticeps. Czech Republic (Bohemia).


Tenothrips reichardti (Priesner 1926)

Bhatti 2003, Thrips, No. 2: 7, Tenothrips latoides. Transferred to Tenothrips.


Related References

Thrips atratus Haliday

Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 447, Thrips atrata. Great Britain.

Taeniothrips atratus (Haliday)

Priesner 1920, Jahres-Bericht des Museum Francisco-Carolinum, 78: 55, 62, Taeniothrips atratus. Transferred to Taeniothrips.

Thrips atratus Haliday

Bhatti 1969, Oriental Insects, 3(4): 380, Thrips atratus. Transferred to Thrips.

Thrips coloratus Schmutz 1913

Thrips coloratus Schmutz

Schmutz 1913, Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 122 (7): 1013– 1015, Thrips colorata. Sri Lanka.

Thrips dubius Priesner 1927

Thrips dubius Priesner

Priesner 1927, Die Thysanopteren Europas, pt. 3: 364, Thrips dubius. (Type locality: Hungary, herein fixed; see footnote below)*.

Thrips euphorbiae Knechtel 1923

Thrips euphorbiae Knechtel

Knechtel 1923, Bulletin de la Section Scientifique de l’Academie Roumaine, 8 (5–6): 75–76, Thrips euphorbiae. Romania.

Thrips flavus Schrank 1776

Thrips flavus Schrank

Schrank 1776, Beyträge zur Naturgeschichte, pp. 31– 33, Thrips flavus. Austria.

Thrips atratus Haliday 1836



* Priesner’s original description of Thrips dubius was based on two syntype female specimens, one from Austria (“das eine von mir im Mai 1919 in Blüten von Euphorbia cyparissias bei Linz in Österreich”), and one from Hungary “das 2. von Pillich am 24. August 1924 bei Simontornya in Ungarn im Rasen einer salinen Wiese gefunden”.

The two slides of Priesner’s original material of Thrips dubius, in the collection of the Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, bear the following data.

55

(1) Lectotype, now designated: Female, on slide, bearing Priesner’s handwritten label: “Thrips dubius, Type, female, HUNGARIA, Simontornyia, 24.VIII.1924, Rasen, saline Wiese, F. Pillich”. (2) Paralectotype: Female, on slide, with the following label written by Priesner: “Thrips dubius, Paratype, female, AUSTRIA SUP., Linz-Bachl., 11.V.1919, Euphorbia cyp.-Blüten, HP”. [Austria Superior = Oberösterreich].

Species name


Thrips fraudulentus (Priesner 1954)

Thrips fuscipennis Haliday 1836

56

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 30) Related References Priesner 1954, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 12) 7: 52–53, Taeniothrips fraudulentus. Iran (Fars province). Thrips fraudulentus (Priesner)

Bhatti 1978, Oriental Insects, 12 (2): 191, Thrips fraudulentus. Transferred to Thrips.

Thrips fuscipennis Haliday

Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 448, Thrips fuscipennis. Great Britain. Morgan 1913, Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, 46 (2008): 3, Euthrips hawaiiensis. Hawaii.

Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan)

Priesner 1934, Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie, 94 (3): 266, Thrips hawaiiensis. Transferred to Thrips.

Thrips iranicus Yakhontov 1951

Thrips iranicus Yakhontov

Yakhontov 1951, Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie [Entomological Review], 31 (3–4): 516, Thrips iranicus. Iran (Qazvin).

Thrips major Uzel 1895

Thrips major Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 179–181, Thrips major. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Thrips mareoticus (Priesner 1932)

Priesner 1932, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 16 (1–2): 10–12, Stenothrips mareoticus. Egypt. Thrips mareoticus (Priesner)

Speyer 1937, Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society London, (B), 6: 35, Thrips mareoticus. Transferred to Thrips.


Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan 1913)


Related References

Taeniothrips meridionalis Priesner

Priesner 1926, Die Thysanopteren Europas, pt. 2: 301, Taeniothrips meridionalis. Montenegro (= Crna Gora) [Dubrovnik (= Ragusa)].

Thrips meridionalis (Priesner)

Bhatti 1978, Oriental Insects, 12 (2): 191, Thrips meridionalis. Transferred to Thrips.

Thrips minutissimus Linnaeus 1758

Thrips minutissimus Linnaeus

Linnaeus 1758, Systema Naturae, 10th ed., 1: 457, Thrips minutissima. Europe.

Thrips nigropilosus Uzel 1895

Thrips nigropilosus Uzel

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 198, Thrips nigropilosus. Czech Republic (Bohemia).

Thrips pelikani Schliephake 1964

Thrips pelikani Schliephake

Schliephake 1964, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Neue Folge, 11 (3): 279–282, Thrips pelikani. Greece.

Thrips physapus Linnaeus 1758

Thrips physapus Linnaeus

Linnaeus 1758, Systema Naturae, 10th ed., 1: 457, Thrips physapus. Locality not stated.

Thrips pillichi Priesner 1924

Thrips pillichi Priesner

Priesner 1924, Konowia, 3 (1–2): 2, Thrips pillichi. Hungary.

Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov 1951

Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov

Yakhontov 1951, Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie [Entomological Review], 31 (3–4): 515–516, Thrips pistaciae. Iran (Qazvin).

Thrips meridionalis (Priesner 1926)



57

Species name


Thrips simplex (Morison 1930)

58

Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 1, Terebrantia. (continued ... 32) Related References Morison 1930, Bulletin of Entomological Research, 21 (1): 12–13, Physothrips simplex. Australia. Taeniothrips simplex (Morison)

Bailey 1935, Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 11 (4): 166, Taeniothrips simplex. Transferred to Taeniothrips.

Taeniothrips gladioli Moult. & Stein.

Moulton & Steinweden 1931, The Canadian Entomologist, 63: 20–21, Taeniothrips gladioli. France.

Thrips simplex (Morison)

Bhatti 1969, Oriental Insects, 3(4): 380, Thrips simplex. Transferred to Thrips.

Thrips tabaci Lindeman 1889

Thrips tabaci Lindeman

Lindeman 1889, Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 2 (1): 72–74, Thrips tabaci. ? Moldova (“Bassarabia”).

Thrips trehernei Priesner 1927

Thrips trehernei Priesner

Priesner 1927, Die Thysanopteren Europas, pt. 3: 356, Thrips trehernei. Canada.

Thrips verbasci (Priesner 1920)

Parafrankliniella verbasci Priesner

Priesner 1920, Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 129 (1–2): 73, Parafrankliniella verbasci. Austria.

Thrips verbasci (Priesner)

Mound et al. 1976, Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, 1 (11): 46, Thrips verbasci. Transferred to Thrips.


Steele 1935, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Commonwealth of Australia, Pamphlet 54: 33–36. Taen. gladioli is synonym of Taen. simplex (Morison).



Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall 1933)

Related References Bagnall 1933, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10 (11): 655–656, Physothrips vuilleti. France. Priesner 1964, Bestimmungsbücher zur Bodenfauna Europas, 2: 72, Taeniothrips vuilleti. Transferred to Taeniothrips. Bhatti 1969, Oriental Insects, 3 (4): 381, Thrips vuilleti. Transferred to Thrips.

Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday

Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 447, Thrips vulgatissimus. Great Britain.

Taeniothrips vulgatissimus (Haliday)

Priesner 1920, Jahres-Bericht des Museum Francisco-Carolinum, 78: 55, Taeniothrips vulgatissimus. Transferred to Taeniothrips.

Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday

Bhatti 1969, Oriental Insects, 3 (4): 380, Thrips vulgatissimus. Transferred to Thrips.


Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday 1836

Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall)

59

60

References for Terebrantia. AMYOT, C. J. B. and SERVILLE, A. 1843. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Hémiptères. 675 pp. Fain & Thunot, Paris. [Thysanoptera, Appendice pp. 637–646]. (In French). BAGNALL, R. S. 1912. A further contribution towards a knowledge of the British Thysanoptera (Terebrantia). Journal of Economic Biology, 7 (4): 189–194. London. BAGNALL, R. S. 1914. Brief descriptions of new Thysanoptera IV. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 14: 375–381. London. BAGNALL, R. S. 1924. New and rare British Thysanoptera. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 60: 269–275. Oxford. BAGNALL, R. S. 1926. On some new British Thysanoptera. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 62: 279–285. Oxford. BAGNALL, R. S. 1926. Contributions towards a knowledge of the European Thysanoptera. I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (18): 641–666. London.

BAGNALL, R. S. 1927. Contributions towards a knowledge of the European Thysanoptera. III. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (20): 561–585. London. BAGNALL, R. S. 1933. Contributions towards a knowledge of the European Thysanoptera. IV. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10 (11): 647–661. London. BAGNALL, R. S. 1934. A contribution towards a knowledge of the genus Aeolothrips (Thysanoptera) with descriptions of new species. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 70: 120–127. Oxford. BAGNALL, R. S. and CAMERON, W. P. L. 1932. Descriptions of two species of Hercothrips injurious to cotton in the British Sudan, and of an allied species on grass. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10 (10): 412–419. London. BAILEY, S. F. 1935. A list of the Thysanoptera of California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 11 (4): 163–169. San Francisco. BHATTI, J. S. 1967. Thysanoptera Nova Indica. 24 pp. Published by the author. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1969. Taxonomic studies in some Thripini. Oriental Insects, 3 (4): 373–381. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1972. A review of the genus Ascirtothrips Priesner (Thysanoptera : Thripidae). Oriental Insects, 6 (2): 217–228. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1973. A preliminary revision of Sericothrips Haliday, sensu lat., and related genera, with a revised concept of the tribe Sericothripini (Thysanoptera : Thripidae). Oriental Insects, 7 (3): 403–449. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1975. A revision of Exothrips Priesner and two related genera. Oriental Insects, 9 (1): 43–90. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1978. Systematics of Anaphothrips Uzel 1895 sensu latu and some related genera (Insecta : Thysanoptera : Thripidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 59 (1–2): 85–114. Frankfurt am Main. BHATTI, J. S. 1978. A preliminary revision of Taeniothrips. Oriental Insects, 12 (2): 157–199. Delhi.


BAGNALL, R. S. 1927. Contributions towards a knowledge of the European Thysanoptera. II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (19): 564–575. London.

References for Terebrantia. (continued ... 2) BHATTI, J. S. 1986. A new species of Holarthrothrips (Insecta: Terebrantia: Stenurothripidae) from Iraq, with notes on host plants and key to species, along with clarification of the position of this among Thysanoptera. Zoology, 1 (1): 1–33. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1988. The spermatheca as a useful character for species differentiation in Coleothrips Haliday (Insecta: Terebrantia: Aeolothripidae). Zoology, 1 (2): 111–116. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1988. On the genera Ascirtothrips Priesner and Eremiothrips Priesner (Insecta: Terebrantia: Aeolothripidae). Zoology, 1 (2): 117–125. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1990. On some genera related to Chirothrips (Insecta: Terebrantia: Thripidae). Zoology, 2 (4): 193–200. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1990. The genera Ceratothrips and Tenothrips (Insecta: Terebrantia: Thripidae). Zoology, 2 (4): 201–204. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1990. Catalogue of Insects of the Order Terebrantia from the Indian Subregion. Zoology, 2 (4): 205–352. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 2006. The classification of Terebrantia into families. Oriental Insects, 40: 339–375. Florida. BHATTI, J. S. and MOUND, L. A. 1980. The genera of grass- and cereal-feeding Thysanoptera related to the genus Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Bulletin of Entomology, 21: 1–22. New Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. and TELMADARRAIY, Z. 2003. Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telma new species, pp. 58–99. In: BHATTI, J. S. et al. 2003, Species of Eremiothrips (Terebrantia : Thripidae) in Iran. Thrips No. 2 (Thysanoptera 2003): 49–110. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S., TELMADARRAIY, Z., KUMAR, V., and TYAGI, K. 2003. Species of Eremiothrips (Terebrantia : Thripidae) in Iran. Thrips No. 2 (Thysanoptera 2003): 49–110. Delhi. BOUCHÉ, P. Fr. 1833. Naturgeschichte der schädlichen und nützlichen Garten–Insekten und die bewährtesten Mittel zur Vertilgung der ersteren. 176 pp. Berlin. (In German).


BHATTI, J. S. 1999. Notes on Thysanoptera. Thrips, No. 1: 6–9. Delhi.

BURMEISTER, H. 1838. Blasenfüße. Physopoda. Handbuch der Entomologie, Bd. 2 (Part 2): 404–418. Berlin. (In German). CRAWFORD, D. L. 1910. Thysanoptera of Mexico and the south II. Pomona College Journal of Entomology, 2 (1): 153–170. Claremont (California). ESMAILI, M. 1983. [Important Pests of Fruit Trees]. 578 pp. (p. 366, Chaetanaphothrips sp. is reported as a citrus thrips in northern parts of Iran). FAURE, J. C. 1957. South African Thysanoptera – 6. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 20 (1): 79–105. Pretoria. FAURE, J. C. 1960. Thysanoptera of Africa – 3. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 23 (1): 17–44. Pretoria. FAURE, J. C. 1962. Thysanoptera of Africa – 7. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 83 (1–2): 4–43. Lund. FITCH, Asa 1855. The wheat thrips and three-banded thrips. The Country Gentleman, 6 (24): 385–386. Albany, N. Y. (U.S.A.). GIRAULT, A. A. 1927. Thysanoptera Nova Australiensis from Queensland. 1 p. Published privately, Brisbane.

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HALIDAY, A. H. 1836. An epitome of the British genera of the order Thysanoptera, with indications of a few of the species. Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 439–451. London.

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References for Terebrantia. (continued ... 3) HEEGER, E. 1854. Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Insecten Österreichs. Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe, Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 14: 365–373. Wien. (In German). HINDS, W. E. 1902. Contribution to a monograph of the insects of order Thysanoptera inhabiting North America. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 26 (1310): 79–242. Washington. HOOD, J. D. 1914. On the proper generic names for certain Thysanoptera of economic importance. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 16 (1): 34–44. Washington. HOOD, J. D. 1919. On some new Thysanoptera from Southern India. Insecutor Inscitae Menstruus, 7 (4–6): 90–103. Washington (D.C.). HOOD, J. D. 1928. New Neotropical Thysanoptera collected by C. B. Williams. II. Psyche (1927), 34 (6): 229–246. Cambridge (Massachusetts). JABLONOWSKI, J. 1894. Thysanoptera nova. Természetrajzi Füzetek, 17 (1–2): 44–47. Budapest. (In Hungarian).

JACOT-GUILLARMOD, C. F. 1974. Catalogue of the Thysanoptera of the world. Part 3. Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History), 7 (3): 517–976. Grahamstown. JENSER, G. 1984. Data to the Thysanoptera fauna of Afghanistan. Folia Entomologica Hungarica (Rovartani Közlemények), 45 (2): 105–108. Budapest. JOHN, O. 1928. Thysanoptera. In: Manuals for Determination of Insects of USSR, pp. 5–72. Leningrad (now St. Petersburg). (In Russian). KARNY, H. 1907. Die Orthopterenfauna des Küstengebietes von Österreich-Ungarn. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 52 (1): 17–52. Berlin. (In German). KARNY, H. 1910. Neue Thysanopteren der Wiener Gegend. Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins an der Universität Wien, 8 (2): 41–57. Wien. (In German). KARNY, H. 1911. Über Thrips-Gallen und Gallen-Thripse. Centralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten, Abt. II, 30: 556–572. Wien. (In German). KARNY, H. 1912. Revision der von Serville aufgestellten Thysanopteren-Genera. Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 322–344. Würzburg. (In German). KNECHTEL, W. K. 1923. Einige neue Thysanopteren aus Rumänien. Bulletin de la Section Scientifique de l’Academie Roumaine, 8 (5–6): 71–76. Bucarest. (In German).


JACOT-GUILLARMOD, C. F. 1971. Catalogue of the Thysanoptera of the world. Part 2. Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History), 7 (2): 217–515. Grahamstown.

References for Terebrantia. (continued ... 4) KOBUS, J. D.* 1892. Blaaspooten (Thrips). Mededeelingen van het Proefstation Oost-Java, Soerabaja, No. 43: 14–18, figs. 1–4. (In Dutch). LINDEMAN, K. 1888. Die schädlichsten Insekten des Tabak in Bassarabien. Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 2 (1): 9–77. Moscow. (In German). LINNAEUS, C. 1758. Systema Naturae, 10th edition, 823 pp. Holmiae. MAYET, V. 1890. Les Insectes de la Vigne. 470 pp. C. Coulet (Montpellier) & G. Masson (Paris). MORGAN, A.C. 1913. New genera and species of Thysanoptera, with notes on distribution and food plants. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, 46 (2008): 1–55. Washington. MORISON, G. D. 1930. On a collection of Thysanoptera from South Australia. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 21 (1): 9–14. London.

MOULTON, D. 1909. The orange thrips. U. S. Department of Agriculture Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series, Miscellaneous Papers, No. 12 (7): 119–122. Washington. MOULTON, D. and STEINWEDEN, J. B. 1931. A new Taeniothrips on gladiolus. The Canadian Entomologist, 63: 20–21. Orillia (Ontario). MOUND, L. A. 1967. A new genus of Thysanoptera predatory on mites in Iraq. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 57 (2): 315–319. London. MOUND, L.A. 1968. A review of R.S. Bagnall’s Thysanoptera collections. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Supplement, 11: 1–181. London. MOUND, L. A. 1991. The first thrips species (Insecta, Thysanoptera) from cycad male cones, and its family level significance. Journal of Natural History, 25: 647–652. London. MOUND, L. A. 2005. http://www.ento.csiro.au/thysanoptera/worldthrips.html


MORTAZAWIHA, A. and DERN, R. 1977. Ein Beitrag zur Thysanopterenfauna des Irans. Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées, No. 45: 8–13 (in German), 29–31 (in Persian). Evin, Tehran.

MOUND, L. A. and MARULLO, R. 1991. Discontinuous distribution and systematic relationships of the genus Orothrips (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and related taxa in Mediterranean climates. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 101 (4): 561–566. New York. MOUND, L. A., MORISON, G. D., PITKIN, B. R., and PALMER, J. M. 1976. Thysanoptera. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, 1 (11): 79 pp. London.

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*The reference, Kobus 1892, is cited from a scanned copy kindly sent by Bert Vierbergen to JSB (with e-mail of 7 May 2008). This agrees with the data on this reference with RzS. Bert Vierbergen copied the Kobus reference from the journal in a Dutch library in Leiden. He informed that it was possible the issue was published in 1893, but he did not have information about this. He further stated in his e-mail: “The periodical, Meded. Proefstat. Oost-Java (= Mededeelingen van het Proefstation Oost-Java, Surabaya), has been superseded by another one: Mededeelingen van het Proefstation voor de Java Suikerindustrie, No. 1–50, 1887–1893; new series, No. 1–50, 1893–1898; ser. 3, No. 1–50, 1898– 1903; ser. 4, No. 1–39, 1903–1908)”. — JSB.

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References for Terebrantia. (continued ... 5) MÜLLER, O. F. 1776. Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, sue animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimus popularium. 282 pp. Hallager, Hafniae [= Copenhagen]. (In Danish). NIWA, S. 1908. [Soyo ni kiseisuru thrips no isshu ni tsuite] (Belothrips mori n. sp. on mulberry leaves). Transactions of the Entomological Society of Japan, 2: 180–181. (In Japanese). O’NEILL, K. 1960. The taxonomy of Psilothrips Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 62 (2): 87–95. Washington. PELIKÁN, J. 1955. Oxythrips tatricus sp. n., eine unbekannte Thrips-Art der Bergkiefer. Zoologické a Entomologické Listy (Folia Zoologica et Entomologica), 18 (1): 21–28. Brno. (In German). PELIKÁN, J. 1964. Five new Thysanoptera from Soviet Central Asia. Casopis Ceskoslovenske Spolecnosti Entomologicke (Acta Societatis Entomologicae Cechosloveniae), 61 (3): 224–237. Brno. PELIKÁN, J. 1968. Two new Thysanoptera from Asia with notes on synonymy. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 65 (3): 216–221. Prague. PELIKÁN, J. 1985. Thysanopteren aus der Mongolei, IV. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 77: 127–144. Budapest. (In German). PELIKÁN, J. 1988. A new Irano-Turkmenian species of Bregmatothrips Hood 1912 (Thysanoptera). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85: 464–468. Prague. PERGANDE, T. 1894. p. 539 (footnote). In DUFFEY, J. C., Transformations of a carabid (Plochionus timidus), and observations on a coccinellid enemy of the red spider. Transactions of the Academy of Science, St. Louis, 5 (3–4): 533–542. (Thrips 6-maculata is described in footnote on p. 539 in the article by J. C. Duffey). PERGANDE, T. 1895. Observations on certain Thripidae. Insect Life, 7 (5): 392. PRIESNER, H. 1919. Ein neuer Limothrips (Halid.) aus Steiermark. Entomologische Zeitscrift, Frankfurt, 33 (9): 33–34. Frankfurt am Main. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1919. Zur Thysanopteren-Fauna Albaniens. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 128 (2–3): 115–144. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1920. Kurze Beschreibung neuer Thysanopteren aus Oberösterreich. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abt. I, 129 (1–2): 71–88. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1920. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Thysanopteren Oberösterreichs. Jahres-Bericht des Museum Francisco-Carolinum, 78: 50–63. Linz. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1921. Neue europäische Thysanopteren. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 38 (4–8): 115–122. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1923. A. Dampfs Ägypten-Ausbeute: Thysanoptera. Entomologische Mitteilungen, 12 (1): 63–66; 12 (2): 115–121. Berlin-Dahlem. (In German).


PELIKÁN, J. 1965. Eine neue Kakothrips-Art aus Israel (Thysanoptera). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 62 (5): 319–322. Prague.

References for Terebrantia. (continued ... 6) PRIESNER, H. 1924. Neue europäische Thysanopteren (III). Konowia, 3 (1–2): 1–5. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1924. Neue Thysanopteren. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 133 (10): 527–542. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1925. Thysanopterologica I. Zoologische Jahrbücher (Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere), 50 (3): 305–319. Jena. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1925. Katalog der europäischen Thysanopteren. Konowia, 4 (3–4): 141–159. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1926–28. Die Thysanopteren Europas. Parts I–IV, 755 pp. Wien. (In German). [Pt. I, pp. 1–238 (1926, March 7); II, 239–342 (1926, Nov. 30); III, 343–568 (1927, Oct. 10); IV, 569–755 (1928, March 20)]. PRIESNER, H. 1928. Neue und wenig bekannte Thysanopteren, gesammelt in Westafrika von Prof. F. Silvestri. Bollettino del Laboratorie di Zoologia Generale e Agraria del R. Instituto Superiore Agrario in Portici, 21 (6): 61–83. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1928. Verzeichnis der Thysanopteren Ungarns. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 25: 60–68. Budapest. PRIESNER, H. 1929. Contribution towards a knowledge of the Thysanoptera of Egypt, I. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 13 (1–3): 59–63. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1931. Contribution towards a knowledge of the Thysanoptera of Egypt, IV. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 15 (2): 127–131. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1932. Contribution towards a knowledge of the Thysanoptera of Egypt, V. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 16 (1–2): 2–12. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1932. Contributions towards a knowledge of the Thysanoptera of Egypt, VII. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 16 (1–2): 45–51. Le Caire.


PRIESNER, H. 1928. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der europäischen Thysanopteren. Konowia, 7 (4): 322–325. Wien.

PRIESNER, H. 1932. Preliminary notes on Scirtothrips in Egypt, with key and catalogue of the Scirtothrips species of the world. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 16 (3): 141–155. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1932. Thysanopteren aus dem Belgischen Congo. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 22 (2): 192–221. Bruxelles. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1933. Two new Thysanoptera from Palestine. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 17 (1–3): 79–82. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1933. E. Titschack’s Thysanopterenausbeute von den Canarischen Inseln. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 94 (2): 177–211. Stettin. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1934. Contributions towards a knowledge of the Thysanoptera of Egypt, IX. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 18 (3): 275–285. Le Caire.

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PRIESNER, H. 1934. Indomalayische Thysanopteren. VI. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie, 94 (3): 254–290. Jakarta (Batavia). (In German).

66

References for Terebrantia. (continued ... 7) PRIESNER, H. 1935. On some Thysanoptera from Cyprus. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 19: 308–314. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1936. A preliminary review of the non-fossil species of the genus Melanthrips Hal. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 29–52. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1949. Genera Thysanopterorum. Keys for the identification of the genera of the order Thysanoptera. Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 33: 31–157. Cairo. PRIESNER, H. 1949. Studies on the genus Chirothrips Hal. (Thysanoptera). Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 33: 159–174. Cairo. PRIESNER, H. 1950. Studies on the genus Scolothrips. Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 34: 39–68. Cairo. PRIESNER, H. 1951. Thysanopterologica (XI). Annals and Magazine of Natual History, (12) 4: 355–371. London. PRIESNER, H. 1954. On some Thysanoptera from Persia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 49–57. London.

PRIESNER, H. 1964. Ordnung Thysanoptera (Frasenflügler, Thripse). Bestimmungsbücher zur Bodenfauna Europas, 2: 1–242. Akademie-Verlag: Berlin. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1965. A monograph of the Thysanoptera of Egyptian Deserts. Publications de l’Institut du Desert d’Egypte (1960), No. 13: 549 pp. Heliopolis, Cairo. REUTER, O. M. 1879. Diagnoser öfver nya Thysanoptera fran Finland. Öfversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Förhandlinger, 21: 207–223. Helsingfors. (In Finnish). REUTER, O. M. 1899. Thysanoptera Fennica. Förteckning och Beskrifning öfver Finska Thysanoptera. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 17 (2): 1–67. Helsingfors. (In Finnish). SAWENKO, R. 1944. Some new species of Thysanoptera from Transcaucasia. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 5 (10): 1003–1006 (in Georgian); 1006–1009 (in Russian); 1009–1012 (in English). Tbilissi. SCHLIEPHAKE, G. 1964. Untersuchungen über die Variabilität an den Männchen des Genus Thrips L. (Thysanoptera). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Neue Folge [new series], 11 (3): 215–317. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin. (In German). SCHMUTZ, K. 1913. Zur Kenntnis der Thysanopterenfauna von Ceylon. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 122 (7): 991–1088. Wien. (In German). SCHRANK, F. P. 1776. Beyträge zur Naturgeschichte. Pp. 1–137. Leipzig. (In German). SPEYER, E. R. 1937. Thrips mareoticus Priesner, with a revised definition of the genus Stenothrips (Thysanoptera Terebrantia). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society London, (B), 6: 34–39. London. STEELE, H. V. 1935. Thrips investigation: Some common Thysanoptera in Australia. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Commonwealth of Australia, Pamphlet 54: 59 pp.


PRIESNER, H. 1957. Zur vergleichenden Morphologie des Endothorax der Thysanopteren (Vorläufige Mitteilung). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 159 (7–8): 159–167. Leipzig. (In German).

References for Terebrantia. (continued ... 8) SULZER, J. H. 1776. Abgekürzte Geschichte der Insecten nach dem Linnaeischen System. 1: 1–274. Winterthur (Switzerland). (In German). TARGIONI-TOZZETTI, A. 1887. Notizie sommarie di due specie di Cecidomidei, una consociata ad un Phytoptus, ad altri Acari e ad una Thrips in alcune galle del Nocciolo (Corylus avellana L.), una gregaria sotto la scorza dei rami di Olivo, nello stato larvale. Bulletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana (1886), 18 (4): 425–426. Firenze. (In Italian). TITSCHACK, E. 1958. Zwei neue Thysanopteren aus Südeuropa. Verhandlungen des Vereins für naturwissenschaftliche Heimatforschung zu Hamburg, 33: 4–15. Hamburg. (In German). TRYBOM, F. 1894. Iakttagelser om blåsfotingar (Physapoder) fran Sommaren 1893. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 15 (1): 41–58. Uppsala. (In Swedish). TRYBOM, F. 1895. Iakttagelser om vissa blåsfotingars (Physapoders) uppträdande i gräsens blomställningar jämte några drag ur släktet Phloeothrips utvecklingshistoria. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 16 (3): 157–194.Uppsala. (In Swedish).

TRYBOM, F. 1911. Physapoden aus Ägypten und dem Sudan. Results of the Swedish Zoological Expedetion to Egypt and the White Nile 1901, 4, No. 19: 60–75. Uppsala. (In German). TUNÇ, I. 1991. Studies on the Thysanoptera of Antalya I. Aeolothripidae Uzel. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi [= Turkish Journal of Entomology], 15 (3): 129–141. Bornova (Turkey). UMEYA and OMI 1930, Rept. Sericult. Korea Agric. Exp. Sta., 3: 157. [cited from Jacot-Guillarmod 1971, Ann. Cape Prov. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), 7 (2): 355]. UZEL, H. 1895. Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera. 472 pp. Published by the author: Königgratz, Bohemia (Czech Rep.). (In Bohemian and German). WESTWOOD, J. O. 1880. The pea thrips. The Gardner’s Chronicle. Series 2, 14: 206.


TRYBOM, F. 1910. Physapoda. In: Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise in westlichen und zentralen Südafrika (1903–1905). Denkschriften der medizinisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, 16, 4 (1): 147–174. Jena. (In German).

WILLIAMS, C. B. 1913. Records and descriptions of British Thysanoptera. Journal of Economic Biology, 8 (4): 216–230. London. WILLIAMS, C. B. 1914. Kakothrips n. gen., a division of the genus Frankliniella (Thys.). The Entomologist, 47: 247–248. London. WILLIAMS, C. B. 1916. Biological and systematic notes on British Thysanoptera. The Entomologist, 49: 221–227, 243–245, 275–284. London. YAKHONTOV, V. V. 1929. A list of pests injurious to economic plants in the Boukhara district and of their parasites and predatory insects. Trudy Shirabudinskoi Opitnoij Selsko-Ksosjaslwennoi Stantsij [= Works of the Agricultural Experiment Station in Shirabudin], 2 (2): 3–32. Tashkent. YAKHONTOV, V. V. 1951. Two new species of Thrips from Iran. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie [Entomological Review], 31 (3–4): 515–516. Moscow. (In Russian). YAKHONTOV, V. V. 1961. Thrips of the genus Rhopalandrothrips Priesner (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in the fauna of Eurasia. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 40: 1470–1477. Moscow. (In Russian with English summary).

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STRASSEN, R. 1965. Einige neue terebrante Thysanopteren-Arten von den Kanarischen Inseln (Ins., Thysanoptera). Commentationes Biologicae Societas Scientarum Fennica, 28 (6): 3–41. Helsingfors. (In German).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1967. New locality records and a new species of Chirothrips Haliday (Thysanoptera : Thripidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 69 (1): 47–52. Washington.

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1975. Thysanopterologische Notizen (3). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 56 (1–3): 75–88. Frankfurt am Main. (In German).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1975. Eremophile Blütenbewohner der Fransenflüglergattung Ascirtothrips Priesner 1964 (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 56 (4–6): 257–282. Frankfurt am Main. (In German).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1978. Thysanopterologische Notizen (4). Senckenbergiana Biologica (1977), 58 (3–4): 185–202. Frankfurt am Main. (In German).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1986. Phaenologie und Dominanz von Fransenflüglern (Insecta: Thysanoptera) im Muschelkalkgebiet des Kalbensteins bei Karlstadt/Main in Unterfranken. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Würzburg (1984), 25: 29-71. Würzburg. (In German).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1988. Is the Middle East a biogeographical link between India and West Africa in the east-west distribution of eremophilous Thysanoptera (Insecta)? Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (CFS Courier), 105: 189–192. Frankfurt am Main. (In English).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1990. Eine neue Aeolothrips–Art aus dem Nordosten der Türkei (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift, 100 (22): 427–430. Frankfurt am Main and Essen. (In German).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 2000. Thysanopterologische Notizen (7) (Thysanoptera, Terebrantia). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 44: 25–34. Dresden. (In German).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 2003. Die Terebranten Thysanopteren Europas. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Part 74: 277 pp. Goecke & Evers: Keltern. (In German).


ZUR

68

References for Terebrantia. (continued ... 9)

Scientific names of species of Thysanoptera found in Iran. 2. TUBULIFERA. Species name


Ataliothrips reuteri (Bagnall 1913)

Bagnall 1913, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 12: 295, Compsothrips reuteri. Egypt. Liothrips reuteri (Bagnall)

Priesner 1964, Bestimmungsbücher zur Bodenfauna Europas, 2: 190, Liothrips reuteri. Transferred to Liothrips.

Ataliothrips reuteri (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1995, Zoology, 5 (1): 98, Ataliothrips reuteri. Transferred to Ataliothrips.

Cephalothrips coxalis Bagnall

Bagnall 1926, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (18): 657–658, Cephalothrips coxalis. France.

Cephalothrips monilicornis (O. M. Reuter 1880)

O M Reuter 1880, Finska Vetenskaps Societeten, Bidrag till Kännedom af Finlands Natur und Folk, 40: 21, Phloeothrips monilicornis. Finland. Cephalothrips monilicornis (O. M. Reuter)

Compsothrips albosignatus (O. M. Reuter 1884)

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 40, 245, Cephalothrips monilicornis. Transferred to Cephalothrips.


Cephalothrips coxalis Bagnall 1926

Related References

O. M. Reuter 1884, Revue d’Entomologie, Caen, 3 (12): 290–291, Phloeothrips albosignata. Algeria. Compsothrips albosignatus (O. M. Reuter)

O. M. Reuter 1901, Öfversige af Finska VetenskapsSocietetens Förhandlingar, 43: 214–216, Compsothrips albosignata. Transferred to Compsothrips.

69

Species name


Dolicholepta micrura (Bagnall 1914)

Related References Bagnall 1914, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 13: 292–293, Liothrips micrura. Egypt.

Dolicholepta micrura (Bagnall)

Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius 1803)

Priesner 1964, Bestimmungsbücher zur Bodenfauna Europas, 2: 176, Dolicholepta micrura. Transferred to Dolicholepta . Fabricius 1803, Systema Rhyngotorum, p. 312, Thrips aculeata. Austria. Matsumura 1899, Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 3: 1–4, Phloeothrips oryzae. Japan.

Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius)

Karny 1912, Zool. Annal., 4 (4): 327, Haplothrips aculeatus. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Kurosawa 1968, Insecta Matsumurana, Supplement 4: 51. Haplo. oryzae is synonym of Haplo. aculeatus. Haplothrips andresi Priesner

Priesner 1931, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte (1930), 14 (4): 234, 270–271, Haplothrips andresi. Egypt.

Haplothrips phyllireae Bagnall

Bagnall 1933, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (10) 11: 329–330, Haplothrips phyllireae. France. zur Strassen 1986, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 67 (1–3): 115. Haplo. phyllireae is synonym of Haplo. andresi.

Haplothrips bagnalli (Trybom 1910)

Trybom 1910, Denkschriften der medizinischnaturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, Jena, 16: 165–170, Anthothrips bagnalli. Namibia.

(this species is not in Minaei & Mound 2008)

Haplothrips bagnalli (Trybom)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 325, Haplothrips bagnalli. Transferred to Haplothrips.


Phloeothrips oryzae Matsumura

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 327, Haplothrips oryzae. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Haplothrips andresi Priesner 1931

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Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 2, Tubulifera. (continued ... 2)

Scientific Names of Species of Tubulifera found in Iran. (continued ... 3) Species name [Haplothrips nr. bagrolis Bhatti 1973]

Related References

Haplothrips nr. bagrolis Bhatti

Bhatti 1973, Oriental Insects, 7 (4): 535–537, Haplothrips bagrolis. India (Himachal Pradesh).

Haplothrips caespitis Priesner

Priesner 1936, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 94–96, Haplothrips caespitis. Sudan.

Haplothrips clarisetis Priesner

Priesner 1931, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte (1930), 14 (4): 237–238, Haplothrips clarisetis. Egypt.

(this species is not in Minaei & Mound 2008)

Haplothrips caespitis Priesner 1936 (occurence in Iran is doubtful, see page 23)

Haplothrips clarisetis Priesner 1931

Haplothrips distinguendus (Uzel 1895)

Haplothrips eragrostidis Priesner 1931

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 239–240, Anthothrips distinguendus. Czech Republic (Bohemia). Haplothrips distinguendus (Uzel)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 325, 326, Haplothrips distinguendus. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Haplothrips eragrostidis Priesner

Priesner 1931, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte (1930), 14 (4): 256–259, Haplothrips eragrostidis. Egypt.

Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny 1910)

Haplothrips flavitibia Williams 1916


Name(s) used in Iran Literature

Karny 1910, Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins an der Universität Wien, 8 (2): 52, Hindsiana flavicincta. Austria. Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny)

Priesner 1925, Krancher’s Entomologisches Jahrbuch, 153, 160, Haplothrips flavicinctus. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Haplothrips flavitibia Williams

Williams 1916, The Entomologist, 49: 283–284, Haplothrips flavitibia. Great Britain (England).

71

Species name Haplothrips ganglbaueri Schmutz 1913


Related References

Haplothrips ganglbaueri Schmutz

Schmutz 1913, Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 122 (7): 1034–1036, Haplothrips ganglbaueri. Sri Lanka.

Haplothrips tolerabilis Priesner

Priesner 1936, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 96–97, Haplothrips tolerabilis. Sudan.

72

Scientific Names of Species of Tubulifera found in Iran. (continued ... 4)

Bagnall 1933, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (10) 11: 327–328, Haplothrips priesnerianus. India (Uttar Pradesh).

Pitkin 1976, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 34 (4): 249. Hapl. priesnerianus is synonym of Hapl. ganglbaueri. Haplothrips globiceps (Bagnall 1934)

Haplothrips inoptatus Priesner 1954

Bagnall 1934, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (10) 14: 496–497, Hapliothrips globiceps. Turkey. Haplothrips globiceps (Bagnall)

Priesner 1950, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 34: 84, Haplothrips globiceps. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Haplothrips inoptatus Priesner

Priesner 1954, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 56–57, Haplothrips inoptatus. Iran (Fars province). Minaei & Mound 2008, Journal of Natural History, 42 (41–42): 2642. Hapl. inoptatus is synonym of Hapl. globiceps.

Haplothrips globiceps (Bagnall)

Haplothrips kermanensis zur Strassen 1975

Haplothrips kermanensis zur Strassen

zur Strassen 1975, Entomologische Zeitschrift, 85 (13): 138–143, Haplothrips kermanensis. Iran (Kerman province).


Mound 1968, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Supplement, 11: 114. Hapl. tolerabilis is synonym of Hapl. priesnerianus Bagnall 1933.

Scientific Names of Species of Tubulifera found in Iran. (continued ... 5) Species name


Haplothrips kurdjumovi Karny 1913

Related References Karny 1913, Trudy Poltawsk. obschtsch. selskochosajstv. opit. stanzij, No. 18: 8–9, Haplothrips aculeatus subspecies kurdjumovi. Ukraine (Poltawa).

Haplothrips kurdjumovi Karny

Haplothrips leucanthemi (Schrank 1781)

Priesner 1921, Treubia, 2 (1): 14, Haplothrips kurdjumovi. Raised to the rank of species. Schrank 1781, Enumeratio insectorum Austriae indigenorum, p. 298, Thrips leucanthemi. Austria.

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 242, Anthothrips nigra. Transferred to Anthothrips. Hinds 1902, Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 26 (1310): 188, Anthothrips niger. Spelling changed. Haplothrips niger (Osborn)

Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 325, Haplothrips niger. Transferred to Haplothrips. Watson 1924, University of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 168: 59, Haplothrips leucanthemi. Phloeothrips nigra is listed as synonym.

Haplothrips longipes Bagnall 1926

Haplothrips scythicus Knechtel

Knechtel 1961, Communicarile Academiei Republicii Populare Romine, 11 (11): 1325–1328, Haplothrips scythicus. Romania. Minaei & Mound 2008, Journal of Natural History, 42 (41–42): 2645. Hapl. scythicus is synonym of Hapl. leucanthemi.

Haplothrips longipes Bagnall

Bagnall 1926, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (18), p. 654–656, Haplothrips longipes. Spain.


Osborn 1883, Canadian Entomologist, 15 (8): 154, Phloeothrips nigra. U.S.A. (Iowa).

73

Species name Haplothrips maroccanus Priesner 1950


Related References

Haplothrips maroccanus Priesner

Priesner 1950, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 34: 87–88, Haplothrips maroccanus. Morocco.

Haplothrips iraniensis Priesner

Priesner 1954, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 55–56, Haplothrips iraniensis. Iran (Fars province). Minaei & Mound 2008, Journal of Natural History, 42 (41–42): 2646. Hapl. iraniensis is synonym of Hapl. maroccanus. Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 243–244, Zygothrips minuta. Czech Republic (Bohemia).


Haplothrips phyllophilus Priesner 1914

Haplothrips minutus (Uzel)

Priesner 1928, Die Thysanopteren Europas, Pt. 4: 625, Haplothrips minutus. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Haplothrips phyllophilus Priesner

Priesner 1914, Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 33 (5–6): 195, Haplothrips aculeatus var. phyllophilus. Austria. Priesner 1938, Konowia, 17 (1): 27–28, Haplothrips phyllophilus. Raised to the rank of species.

Haplothrips rabinovitchi Priesner 1936

Haplothrips rabinovitchi Priesner


Haplothrips reuteri (Karny 1907)

Priesner 1936, Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 73–74, Haplothrips rabinovitchi. Israel. Karny 1907, Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 52 (1): 51, Anthemothrips reuteri. Croatia (Karlopago = Karlobag).

Haplothrips reuteri (Karny)

Priesner 1920, Jahres-Bericht des Museum Francisco-Carolinum, 78: 61, Haplothrips reuteri. Transferred to Haplothrips.


Haplothrips minutus (Uzel 1895)

74

Scientific Names of Species of Tubulifera found in Iran. (continued ... 6)

Scientific Names of Species of Tubulifera found in Iran. (continued ... 7) Species name


Haplothrips subtilissimus (Haliday 1852)

Haplothrips tamaricinus Priesner 1939

Haliday 1852, in Walker, List of Homopterous Insects in British Museum, Pt. 4: 1100, Phloeothrips subtilissimus. Great Britain (England). Karny 1912, Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 326, Haplothrips subtilissimus. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Haplothrips tamaricinus Priesner

Priesner 1939, Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie (1938), 22: 125–127, Haplothrips tamaricinus. Egypt. Kurdjumov 1912, Trudy Poltawskoi obshtshestwo Selsko-Chosjaivennoi Opitnoi Stanzij, No. 6: 9 onwards (in Russian), 43 (in English), Anthothrips tritici. Ukraine (Poltawa).

Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov)

Karny 1913, Trudy Poltawskoi obshtshestwo SelskoChosjaivennoi Opitnoi Stanzij, No. 18: 6, Haplothrips tritici. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Haplothrips vuilleti Priesner

Priesner 1920, Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 129 (1–2): 81–83, Haplothrips vuilleti. Austria.

Hoplandrothrips bidens (Bagnall 1910)


Haplothrips subtilissimus (Haliday)

Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov 1912)

Haplothrips vuilleti Priesner 1920

Related References

Bagnall 1910, Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 8: 374–375, Acanthothrips bidens. Hungary. Hood 1912, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 14 (3): 145, Phlaeothrips (Hoplandrothrips) bidens. Transferred to Phlaeothrips (Hoplandrothrips). Hoplandrothrips bidens (Bagnall)

Hood 1912, The Entomologist, 48: 106, Hoplandrothrips bidens. Included in Hoplandrothrips, which is treated as genus.

75

Species name


Related References

Hoplandrothrips hungaricus Priesner 1961

Hoplandrothrips hungaricus Priesner

Priesner 1961, Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne (Bulletin Entomologique de Pologne), 31 (3): 54–56, Hoplandrothrips hungaricus. Hungary.

Idiothrips ficus Bhatti 1967

Idiothrips ficus Bhatti

Bhatti 1967, Thysanoptera Nova Indica, p. 21–22, Idiothrips ficus. India [Maharashtra (Deolali) and Rajasthan (Jodhpur); type locality not stated].

Liophloeothrips hungaricus (Priesner 1924) Liophloeothrips hungaricus (Priesner)

Liothrips austriacus (Karny 1910)

Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg 1955

Priesner 1964, Bestimmungsbücher zur Bodenfauna Europas, 2: 194, Liophloeothrips hungaricus. Transferred to Liophloeothrips. Karny 1910, Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins an der Universität Wien, 8 (2): 43–44, Hoodia austriaca. Austria (Bisamberg).

Liothrips austriacus (Karny)

Priesner 1964, Bestimmungsbücher zur Bodenfauna Europas, 2: 192, Liothrips austriacus. Transferred to Liothrips.

Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg

Kreutzberg 1955, Entomologitcheskoe Obozrenie [Entomological Review], 34: 95–98, Liothrips jakhontovi. Found in areas where pistachio is grown. Distribution is given as Turkmenia, Afghanistan, Iran; but no type locality is stated. [It seems very likely that L. jakhontovi is conspecific with L. setinodis (O.M. Reuter 1880) — RzS].

Liothrips pragensis Uzel 1895

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 263, 264, Liothrips setinodis var. pragensis. Czech Republic (Bohemia). Liothrips pragensis Uzel

Priesner 1924, Krancher’s Entomologisches Jahrbuch, 33–34: 161, Liothrips pragensis. Raised to the rank of species.


Priesner 1924, Entomologische Zeitschrift, (21–22): 52–53, Rhynchothrips hungaricus. Hungary.

76


Scientific Names of Species of Thysanoptera found in Iran — 2, Tubulifera. (continued ... 9) Species name


Liothrips setinodis (O. M. Reuter 1880)

Related References O. M. Reuter 1880, The Scottish Naturalist, 5: 310–311, Phloeothrips setinodis. Great Britain (Scotland).

Liothrips setinodis (O. M. Reuter)

Megathrips flavipes (O. M. Reuter 1901)

Uzel 1895, Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera, p. 263, Liothrips setinodis. Transferred to Liothrips. O. M. Reuter 1901, Öfversige af Finska VetenskapsSocietetens Förhandlingar, 43: 216, Cryptothrips flavipes. Greece [Crete (Canea)]. Pelikán 1965, Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici (Pars Zoologica), 57: 233, Megathrips flavipes. Transferred to Megathrips.

Neoheegeria dalmatica Schmutz 1909

Neoheegeria dalmatica Schmutz

Schmutz 1909, Annalen des Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, 33: 344–345, Neoheegeria dalmatica. Croatia (Dalmatia).

Neoheegeria persica Priesner 1954

Neoheegeria persica Priesner

Priesner 1954, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 54–55, Neoheegeria persica. Iran (Fars province).

Phlaeothrips coriaceus Haliday 1836

Phlaeothrips coriaceus Haliday

Haliday 1836, Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 442–443, Phlaeothrips coriacea. Great Britain.

Plicothrips apicalis (Bagnall 1915)


Megathrips flavipes (O. M. Reuter)

Bagnall 1915, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 15: 323, Hindsiana apicalis. India (Uttarkhand: Almora). Haplothrips apicalis (Bagnall)

Priesner 1933, Records of the Indian Museum, 35 (3): 361–363, Haplothrips (Hindsiana) apicalis. Transferred to Haplothrips.

Plicothrips apicalis (Bagnall)

Bhatti 1979, Nouvelle Revue de Entomologie, 9 (4): 307, Plicothrips apicalis. Transferred to Plicothrips.

77

Species name


Related References

Pseudocryptothrips meridionalis Priesner 1919

Pseudocryptothrips meridionalis Priesner

Priesner 1919, Zeitschrift des Österreichischen Entomologen-Vereins, 4 (11): 105–106, Pseudocryptothrips meridionalis. Croatia (Dalmatia).

Stictothrips faurei Hood 1924

Stictothrips faurei Hood

Hood 1924, Psyche, 31 (6): 295–298, Stictothrips faurei. South Africa.

78



References for Tubulifera. BAGNALL, R. S. 1910. On a small collection of Thysanoptera from Hungary. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 8: 372–376. Budapest. BAGNALL, R. S. 1913. Brief descriptions of new Thysanoptera. I. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (8) 12: 290–299. London. BAGNALL, R. S. 1914. Brief descriptions of new Thysanoptera. III. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (8) 13: 287–297. London. BAGNALL, R. S. 1915. Brief descriptions of new Thysanoptera. V. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (8) 15: 315–324. London. BAGNALL, R. S. 1926. Contributions towards a knowledge of the European Thysanoptera. I. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, 9 (18): 641–666. London. BAGNALL, R. S. 1933. A contribution towards a knowledge of the Thysanopterous genus Haplothrips Serv. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (10) 11: 313–334. London.

BHATTI, J. S. 1967. Thysanoptera Nova Indica. 24 pp. Published by the author. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1973. A new species of Haplothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) from wheat in India. Oriental Insects, 7 (4): 535–537. Delhi. BHATTI, J. S. 1979. Studies in some haplothripine forms (Insecta: Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Nouvelle Revue de Entomologie, 9 (4): 305–311. BHATTI, J. S. 1995. Studies on some Phlaeothripidae (Insecta: Tubulifera). Zoology, 5 (1): 97–110. Delhi. FABRICIUS, J. C. 1803. Systema Rhyngotorum, 312 pp. Brunsvigae. HALIDAY, A. H. 1836. An epitome of the British genera of the order Thysanoptera, with indications of a few of the species. Entomological Magazine, 3 (5): 439–451. London. HALIDAY, A. H. 1852. Physapoda. In: Walker, F., List of the specimens of Homopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, Pt. 4: 1094–1118. London.


BAGNALL, R. S. 1934. Contributions towards a knowledge of the European Thysanoptera V. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (10) 14: 481–500. London.

HINDS, W. E. 1902. Contribution to a monograph of the insects of order Thysanoptera inhabiting North America. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 26 (1310): 79–242. Washington. HOOD, J. D. 1912. Descriptions of new North American Thysanoptera. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 14 (3): 129–160. Washington. HOOD, J. D. 1915. Hoplothrips corticis: a problem in nomenclature. The Entomologist, 48: 102–107. HOOD, J. D. 1924. On some new Phlaeothripidae (Thysanoptera) from the Transvaal. Psyche, 31 (6): 293–301. Boston. KARNY, H. 1907. Die Orthopteren-fauna des Küstengebietes von Österreich-Ungarn. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 52 (1): 17–52. Berlin. (In German).

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KARNY, H. 1909. Bericht über die im Frühjahr und Sommer 1909 unternommenen Vereinsexkursionen allgemein naturkundlicher Art. Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins an der Universität Wien, 7 (10): 268–286. Wien. (In German).

80

References for Tubulifera. (continued ... 2) KARNY, H. 1910. Neue Thysanopteren der Wiener Gegend. Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins an der Universität Wien, 8 (2): 41–57. Wien. (In German). KARNY, H. 1912. Revision der von Serville aufgestellten Thysanopteren-Genera. Zoologische Annalen, 4 (4): 322–344. Würzburg. (In German). KARNY, H. 1913. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der russischen Haplothrips-Arten. Trudy Poltawskoi obshtshestwo Selsko-Chosjaivennoi Opitnoi Stanzij [Bulletin of the Agricultural Experiment Station of Shirabudin], No. 18: 1–18. Poltava (Ukraine). (pp. 1–10 in German, 11–18 in Russian). KNECHTEL, W. K. 1961. O noua specie die Thysanoptere. Communicarile Academiei Republicii Populare Romine, 11 (11): 1325–1328. Bucarest. (In Rumanian). KREUTZBERG, V. E. 1955. [A new species of thrips (Thysanoptera) injurious to pistachio]. Entomologitcheskoe Obozrenie [Entomological Review], 34: 95–98. Moscow. (In Russian).

KUROSAWA, M. 1968. Thysanoptera of Japan. Insecta Matsumurana, Supplement 4: 1–94. Sapporo. (pp. 1–77 in Japanese; summary in English, pp. 77–83; references, pp. 82–89; pls. I–IX between pp. 93 and 94). MATSUMURA, S. 1899. On two new species of Phlaeothrips. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 3: 1–4. Tokyo. MINAEI, K. & MOUND, L. A. 2008. The Thysanoptera Haplothripini (Insecta: Phlaeothripidae) of Iran. Journal of Natural History, 42 (41–42): 2617– 2658. Taylor & Francis, London. MOUND, L.A. 1968. A review of R.S. Bagnall’s Thysanoptera collections. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Supplement, 11: 1–181. London. OSBORN, H. 1883. Notes on Thripidae, with descriptions of new species. Canadian Entomologist, 15 (8): 151–156. Ottawa. PELIKÁN, J. 1965. Ergebnisse der zoologischen Forschungen von Dr. Z. Kaszab in der Mongolei. 29. Thysanoptera. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici (Pars Zoologica), 57: 229–239. (In German). PITKIN, B. R. 1976. A revision of the Indian species of Haplothrips and related genera. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 34 (4): 221–280. London. PRIESNER, H. 1914. Beitrag zu einer Thysanopteren-Fauna Oberösterreichs und Steiermarks. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 33 (5–6): 186–196. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1919. Zur Thysanopterenfauna der ostadriatischen Küstenländer. Zeitschrift des Österreichischen Entomologen–Vereins, 4 (8): 79–80; 4 (9): 89–90; 4 (10): 96–97; 4 (11): 104–106; 4 (12): 113–114. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1920. Kurze Beschreibung neuer Thysanopteren aus Oberösterreich. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 129 (1–2): 71–88. Wien. (In German).


KURDJUMOV, N. W. 1912. Two Anthothrips injurious to the cereals (with descrip-tion of a new species). Trudy Poltawskoi obshtshestwo SelskoChosjaivennoi Opitnoi Stanzij [Bulletin of the Agricultural Experiment Station of Shirabudin], No. 6: 8–43. Poltava (Ukraine). (In Russian, with English summary on p. 43).

References for Tubulifera. (continued ... 3) PRIESNER, H. 1920. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Thysanopteren Oberösterreichs. Jahres-Bericht des Museum Francisco-Carolinum, 78: 50–63. Linz. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1921. Haplothrips-Studien. Treubia, 2 (1): 1–20. Buitenzorg [now Bogor]. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1924. Neue Phloeothripiden (Thys.) aus Ungarn. Entomologische Zeitschrift, 37 (21–22): 49; 37 (23–24): 52–53; 38 (1): 2–3. Frankfurt/Main. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1924. Die Winterquartiere der Thysanopteren. Krancher’s Entomologisches Jahrbuch (1924–25), 33–34: 151–162. Leipzig. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1926–28. Die Thysanopteren Europas. Parts I–IV, 755 pp. Wien. (In German). [Pt. I, pp. 1–238 (1926, March 7); II, 239–342 (1926, Nov. 30); III, 343–568 (1927, Oct. 10); IV, 569–755 (1928, March 20)].

PRIESNER, H. 1933. Indomalayische Thysanopteren V. Revision der indomalayischen Arten der Gattung Haplothrips. Records of the Indian Museum, 35 (3): 347–369. Calcutta. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1936. Studies on the genus Haplothrips Serv. (Thysanoptera). Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 61–75. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1936. On some further new Thysanoptera from the Sudan. Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 20: 83–104. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1938. Über einige häufige, aber bisher verkannte Thysanopteren. Konowia, 17 (1): 24–28. Wien. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1939. Contributions towards a knowledge of the Thysanoptera of Egypt. XII. Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie (1938), 22: 123–132. Le Caire.


PRIESNER, H. 1931. A review of the African Haplothrips species (Thysanoptera). Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte (1930), 14 (4): 230–277. Le Caire.

PRIESNER, H. 1939. Contributions towards a knowledge of the Thysanoptera of Egypt. XIII. Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 23: 352–362. Le Caire. PRIESNER, H. 1950. Further studies in Haplothrips and allied genera (Thysanoptera). Bulletin de la Société Fouad Ier d’Entomologie, 34: 69–120. Cairo. PRIESNER, H. 1954. On some Thysanoptera from Persia. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 49–57. London. PRIESNER, H. 1961. Thysanopterologica (XII). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne (Bulletin Entomologique de Pologne), 31 (3): 51–61. Wroclaw. (In German). PRIESNER, H. 1964. Ordnung Thysanoptera (Frasenflügler, Thripse). Bestimmungsbücher zur Bodenfauna Europas, 2: 1–242. Akademie-Verlag: Berlin. (In German).

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REUTER, O. M. 1880. A new Thysanopterous insect of the genus Phloeothrips found in Scotland and described. Scottish Naturalist, 5: 310–311. White, Perth (Scotland).

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References for Tubulifera. (continued ... 4) REUTER, O. M. 1880. Thysanoptera Fennica. I. Tubulifera. Finska Vetenskaps Societeten, Bidrag till Kännedom af Finlands Natur und Folk, 40: 1–26. Helsingfors. REUTER, O. M. 1884. Phloeothrips albosignata sp. n. ex Algeria. Revue d’Entomologie, 3 (12): 290–291. Caen (France). REUTER, O. M. 1901. Thysanoptera tria mediterranea. Öfversige af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Förhandlingar, 43: 214–216. Helsingfors. (In Finnish). SCHMUTZ, K. 1909. Zur Kenntnis einiger neuer Thysanopterengenera und -spezies. Annalen des Naturhistorisches Hofmuseums, 33: 342–347. Wien. (In German). SCHMUTZ, K. 1913. Zur Kenntnis der Thysanopterenfauna von Ceylon. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Abteilung I, 122 (7): 991–1088. Wien. (In German). SCHRANK, F. 1781. Enumeratio insectorum Austriae indigenorum. Augustae Vindelicor, Klett. 548 pp. (In Latin).

UZEL, H. 1895. Monographie der Ordnung Thysanoptera. 472 pp. Published by the author: Königgratz, Bohemia (Czech Rep.). (In Bohemian and German). WATSON, J. R. 1924. Synopsis and catalogue of the Thysanoptera of North America. With a translation of Karny’s keys to the genera of Thysanoptera and a bibliography of recent publications. University of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, Technical Bulletin 168: 1–100. Florida. WILLIAMS, C. B. 1916. Biological and systematic notes on British Thysanoptera. The Entomologist, 49: 221–227, 243–245, 275–284. London. ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1975. Eine neue Haloxylon-bewohnende Haplothrips–Art aus dem südlichen Iran (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift, 85 (13): 137–143. Stuttgart. (In German).

ZUR

STRASSEN, R. 1986. Thysanopteren auf Inseln der Nördlichen Sporaden in der Ägäis (Griechenland). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 67 (1–3): 85–129. Frankfurt am Main. (In German).


TRYBOM, F. 1910. Physapoda. In: Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise in westlichen und zentralen Südafrika (1903–1905). Denkschriften der medizinisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, 16, 4 (1): 147–174. Jena. (In German).

Review of Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera 1938–2007 J. S. Bhatti, Jalil Alavi, Richard zur Strassen, Zakkieh Telmadarraiy

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Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview


85

Preface Iranian literature on Thysanoptera is practically unknown to entomologists outside Iran. However, a substantial number of publications on Iranian Thysanoptera originating from Iranian scientists have appeared during the last three decades. These publications deal with the faunistics, biology, and various other aspects of these insects in Iran, such as thrips on crops and other useful plants, thrips as pests and their control, and thrips and tospoviruses. The initial thrust to an abiding interest in Thysanoptera among some entomologists in Iran was provided by Dr. R. zur Strassen’s visit to Iran in 1973 and his readiness to identify species of thrips for Iranian entomologists. The first result of this support was the finding of 26 species of Iranian Thysanoptera by Mortazaviha & Dern (1975) collected from 44 species of plants, and include 17 species reported from Iran for the first time. These authors also provided the first consolidated report on Thysanoptera in Iran, which also listed 9 species previously known from Iran. A further 15 species were later added to the Iran list by Mortazaviha (1995). RzS has been taking keen interest in the thrips of Iran and has helped Iranian plant protection entomologists with identifications of thrips species for more than 30 years (see pages 167–172 of the present study). The last three decades have seen an upswing in research on Thysanoptera in Iran, particularly on faunistic studies as well as on other studies on these tiny insects. The present bibliographic research originates from the first effort to bring out a consolidated account of the Thysanoptera in Iran by Zakkieh Telmadarraiy for her Ph.D. work in the University of Delhi. For that study, RzS not only initially provided JSB with literature on Iranian Thysanoptera published in English and in other European languages, but also provided critical material. A set of Iranian publications on the faunistics of Thysanoptera in Iran sent to Delhi during early 1999 by Dr. zur Strassen formed the starting point of a study on Iranian thrips culminating in the Ph.D. thesis at the University of Delhi in May 2001 by Z. Telmadarraiy titled “Taxonomic studies on the Thysanoptera of Iran”. R. zur Strassen continued to update the Iranian literature by sending further, newer Iranian literature on the faunistics of Iranian thrips. These initial clutches of references comprised more than 50 Iranian publications on the faunistics of Iranian thrips until about 2003*. A very large number of Iranian references are included in the present study, not only on the faunistics but also on all aspects of thrips investigations in Iran. Most of these have been collected by Jalil Alavi over a period of five years, 2003 onward. JA carried out a search across the various Iranian journals and other publications in order to find out references pertaining to thrips. The contents of short Iranian publications that are entirely in Persian were translated by Alavi into English, as in the case of abstracts or other short publications. In case of longer articles in Persian, their summaries were prepared in English for inclusion in the present study. The initial consolidated account of the Thysanoptera of Iran, the updates and additions to this framework over the past five years, and the incorporation of all available literature published in Persian has resulted in the present work on Iranian literature, which includes publications up to the end of 2007. The preceding review of the scientific names of the species of Thysanoptera so far found in Iran (see pages 7–82) provides the correct scientific names of the species that appear in the literature dealt with in the following pages. — J. S. Bhatti

* Bhatti, J. S., zur Strassen, R., & Telmadarraiy, Z. 2003. Thysanoptera of Iran. Pp. 668–669. In: Proceedings of the National Symposium on Frontier Areas of Entomological Research, 5–7 November 2003, New Delhi.

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Acknowledgements JA thanks the following colleagues for information provided on some of the references: M. Abaii (Agricultural Entomology Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Tehran), G. Akbarzadeh Shoukat (Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of West Azarbaijan Province, Urumieh), A. Ameri (Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasane-Shomali Province, Bojnourd), M. R. Bagheri (Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Esfahan Province, Esfahan), S. Bagheri (Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khuzestan Province, Ahwaz), V. Baniameri (Agricultural Entomology Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Tehran), M. Esfandiari (Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz), S. Ghadiri Rad (Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Golestan Province, Gorgan), E. Gilasian (Agricultural Insects Taxonomy Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Tehran), K. Haddad Irani-nejad (Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz), K. Izadpanah (Plant Virology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz), K. Kamali (College of Agriculture, Department of Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran), M. Khanjani (Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan), M. Kheyrandish Kashkoei (College of Agriculture, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman), S. H. Malkeshi (Biological Control Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Tehran), K. Minaei (Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz), M. Mofidi Neyestanak (Agricultural Insects Taxonomy Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Tehran), M. Nematollahi (Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Esfahan Province, Esfahan), I. Razavi (College of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan), M. Rezaee (Office of Plant Protection, Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization of Khorasan-e-Shomali Province, Bojnourd), N. Shahraeen (Plant Virus Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Tehran), P. Shishebor (Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz). JSB thanks K. Minaei (Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture, University of Shiraz, Shiraz) for information on some Iranian references, S. Manzari (Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Plant Pests & Diseases Research Institute, Tehran) for providing information on Zahedi (1968) and on Proceedings of the 4th and 17th Iranian Plant Protection Congresses, M. Khanjani (Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan) for information on some of his publications, Bert Vierbergen (Section of Entomology, Plant Protection Service, Wageningen, The Netherlands) for information on the Kobus reference (cf. page 63), Alan T. Whittemore (US National Arboretum, Washington, DC, U.S.A.) for information on the names of some plants.


87

Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera 1938–2007

Introduction The Iranian literature on Thysanoptera dealt with in the present study includes 232 references authored by Iranian scientists until the end of 2007. 187 of these references represent primary literature* on Thysanoptera, i.e. published sources of original information. The remaining 45 references constitute secondary literature, which includes information subsequently reported from original scientific literature. Annotations (notes) added with the references pertain to information on, or directly related to, species of Thysanoptera in Iran. Besides the published works on Thysanoptera by Iranian scientists, there are five M.Sc. dissertations (theses) that have been seen (Alavi 1995, Cheraghian 1996, Gilasian 2000, Kheyrandish Kashkoei 2000, Minaei 2000) and there are certainly several others on Thysanoptera that we have not seen. There is also a Ph.D. thesis (Telmadarraiy 2001). The theses included in the present bibliography are not numbered since these are not published works. Many publications have directly originated from these theses. Most of the primary references on thrips in Iran are published as Abstracts, some others are published as ‘Short Report’ (ref. No. 42, 71, 167), ‘Scientific Note’ (ref. No. 57, 76, 78, 124, 138), ‘Disease Notes’ (ref. No. 163, 176), or as a short note (No. 56, 93, 121, 122, 123). [see Tables 1 and 2 on pages 96 and 97]. There are very few complete, unabridged papers/articles on or including Thysanoptera. These 51 primary references are listed below, the numbers with these references refer to their citation in the main bibliography (pages 173–312). 5 Akbarzadeh Shoukat & Shayesteh 2006 14 Alavi & Kamali 2003. 17 Alavi, zur Strassen, & Bagherani 2007. 21 Alimousavi, Hassandokht, & Moharramipour 2007. 23 Babaie & Izadpanah 2003. 35 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Yousef Naanaie 2005. 40 Baniameri, Soleyman-nejadian, & Mohaghegh 2006. 41 Barkhordari, Samet, & Farzaneh 1981. 10

43 Bhatti & Telmadarraiy 2003 44 Bhatti, Telmadarraiy, Kumar, & Tyagi 2003.

* Primary literature comprises original data, the first published record of an investigation or idea. Examples include research articles, research monographs, preprints, patents, dissertations, and conference proceedings. Secondary literature contains information obtained from primary sources, usually a compilation or synthesis of data and ideas derived from primary research. Examples include encyclopedias, review articles, handbooks, bibliographies, and abstracts/indexes. [source: http://www.dartmouth.edu/~biomed/].

88 11


45 Bhatti, zur Strassen, & Telmadarraiy 2003. 58 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 2000a. 62 Etebari & Matindoost 2004. 63 Fathi, Nori Ganbalani, Farshbaf, Haddad Irani-Nejad, & Valizadeh 2005. 66 Ghahhari & Hatami 2000. 72 Ghotbi, Shahraeen, & Winter 2005. 74 Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, Pourrahim, Farzadfar, & Ghasemi 2004. 75 Golnaraghi, Pourrahim, Farzafdar, Ohshima, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2007. 79 Hassani-Mehraban, Saaijer, Peters, Goldbach, & Kormelink 2005.

20

80 Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997. 81 Hassan zadeh Salmasi, Hejazi, & Rahnemon 2003. 82 Hatami, Khajeh Ali, Mobli, & Sabzalian 2006. 83 Hemmati 1990. 187 Hesami, Etebari, Pourbabaei, & Mojtaba 2007

25

88 Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006. 90 Jalali Sendi, Hasheminia, Etebari, & Shojaee 2001. 97 Kalafchi, Mobli, Ebadi, & Rezaei 2006.

28

99 Keyhanian, Taghizadeh, Taghaddosi, & Khajehzadeh 2005.

29–31

101 Khani, Moharramipur, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2004.

32

105–107 Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005a–c. 111 Kheyri 1989. 113 Kosari & Kharazi-Pakdel 2006.

35

116 Madadi, Kharazi-Pakdel, Ashouri, & Mohaghegh Neyshabouri 2006. 118 Mahghari & Ostovan 2006. 127 Mehrnejad & Panahi 2006. 131 Minaei & Alichi 2001.

39

136 Minaei, Alichi, & Ahmadi 2001. 137 Minaei, Alichi, & Asadi 2002.

42

141, 142 Minaei, Azemayeshfard, & Mound 2007a, b. 147 Moharramipour, Gilasian, Alavi, Talebi, & Fathipour 2001. 156 Mortazawiha & Dern 1977.

45

157 Namvar & Kheirandish 2006. 164 Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003. 168 Rasoulpour & Izadpanah 2007. 170 Saboori, Hajiqanbar, & Haddad Irani-nejad 2003. 175 Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1995.

50

179 Shojai 1971

51

183 Yarmand, Sadeghi, Mohammadi, Ebrahimi, & Seif Allahi 2006. 186 Zareh 1985.


89

Names of Iranian Authors The names of Iranian authors appearing in the literature in English (or French and German) sometimes vary. The variable spellings of the names of the authors are given below. Abai, M. / Abaii, M. Abasifar, A. / Abbasifar, A. R. Akbarzadeh Shoukat, G. / Akbarzadeh shokat, G. Alemansour, H. / Al-e-Mansoor, H. Amin, G. / Amin, Gh. / Amin, G. A. Azmayesh Fard, P. / Azmayeshfard, P. / Azemayeshfard, P. Chodjai, M. / Shojaee, M. / Shodjai, M. / Shojai, M. / Shojai, Mahmood Darvish Mojeni, T. / Mojeni, T. D. Davatchi, A. / Davatchi, G. A. Esmaili, M. / Esmaili, Morteza Farahbakhsh, Gh. / Farahbakhch, Gh. Hajizadeh, J. /Haji-zadeh, J. Hasheminia, M. / Hashemi-Nia, M. Hassani-Mehraban, A. / Mehraban, A. H. Hoseini, S. M. / Hosseini, M. / Hosseini, S. M. Hosseininia, A. / Hosseinynia, A. Jalali, J. / Jalali sendi, J. / Jalali Sendi, J. Javan Moghadam, H. / Javan Moghaddam, H. Kharazi-Pakdel, A. / Kharrazi-Pakdel, A. / Kharrazi pakdel, A. Kheirandish, M. / Kheyrandish Koshkoei, M. / Kheyrandish Kashkoei, M. Malkeshi, S. H. / Malkeshy, S. H. Mehraban, A. H. / Hassani-Mehraban, A. Mirkarimi, A. /Mirkarimi, A. A. Mohaghegh, J. / Mohaghegh-neyshabouri, J. Mojeni, T. D. / Darvish Mojeni, T. Mortazaviha, A. / Mortazawiha, Abdulkarim Mosadegh, M. S. / Mossadegh, M. S. Radjabi, Gh. / Rajabi, G. R. Rezvani, A. / Rezwani, A. Shisheh bor, P. / Shishehbor, P. / Shishebor, P. Shojaee, M. / Shojai, M. / Shodjai, M. / Chodjai, M. / Shojai, Mahmood Soleiman negadian, E. / Soleiman nejadian, E. / Soleimannejadian, E. Tak Sokhan, M. / Tak sokhan, M. / Taksokhan, M. Zahedi, K. / Zahedi, Kazem

90


Iranian references (a) Iranian references in English 14 Alavi & Kamali 2003. (journal article). 21 Alimousavi, Hassandokht, & Moharramipour 2007. (journal article). 23 Babaie & Izadpanah 2003. (journal article). 40 Baniameri, Soleyman-nejadian, & Mohaghegh 2006. (journal article). 43 Bhatti & Telmadarraiy 2003. (proceedings article). 44 Bhatti, Telmadarraiy, Kumar, & Tyagi 2003. (journal article). 45 Bhatti, zur Strassen, & Telmadarraiy 2003. (proceedings article). 50 Eghbalian, Khanjani, Pourmirza, & Mirab-Balou 2007. (abstract). 70 Ghotbi & Baniameri 2006. (abstract). 72 Ghotbi, Shahraeen, & Winter 2005. (journal article). 74 Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, Pourrahim, Farzadfar, & Ghasemi 2004. (journal article). 75 Golnaraghi, Pourrahim, Farzafdar, Ohshima, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2007. (journal article). 79 Hassani-Mehraban, Saaijer, Peters, Goldbach, & Kormelink 2005. (journal article). 187 Hesami, Etebari, Pourbabaei, Kamelmanesh 2007. (journal article). 107 Khanjani & Mirab Balou 2005. (proceedings article). 108 Khanjani, Mirab-Balou, Eghbalian, Asali-Fayaz, & Suri 2007. (abstract). 126 Mehrnejad 2001. (journal article). 135 Minaei & Alichi 2007. (abstract). 139 Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2005. (poster). 140 Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2007. (abstract). 141 Minaei, Azemayeshfard, & Mound 2007. (journal article). 143 Minaei & Mound 2007. (abstract). 163 Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Moini, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2001. (journal article). 168 Rasoulpour & Izadpanah 2007. (journal article). 170 Saboori, Hajiqanbar, & Haddad Irani-nejad 2003. (journal article). 176 Shahraeen, Ghotbi, & Mehraban 2002. (journal article). 187 Hesami, Etebari, Pourbabaei, & Kamelmanesh 2007. (journal article). (18) Farahbakhsh 1961. (book). (30) Modarres Awal 1994. (book). (36) Salavatian 1959. (journal article). (45) Abivardi 2001. (book). (b) Iranian references in English, with abstract (or partly) in Persian 1, 1a Abai 1984, 2000. (book). (English, headings and names of pests in Persian). 17 Alavi, zur Strassen, & Bagherani 2007. (journal article). (English, abstract in Persian). 136 Minaei, Alichi, & Ahmadi 2001. (journal article). (English, abstract in Persian). 142 Minaei, Azemayesh Fard, & Mound 2007b. (journal article). (English, abstract in Persian). 186 Zareh 1985. (journal article). (English, abstract in Persian).


91

(c) Iranian references in Persian and English (parallel texts) Most of the Abstracts (in Proceedings of Congresses, Symposia, etc.) published in Iran have parallel texts in Persian and English (see also pages 110–113). 2 Afshari, Mossadegh, & Kamali 2000. (abstract). 5 Akbarzadeh Shoukat & Shayesteh 2006. (abstract). 7–10 Alavi 2000, 2002, 2004a, b. (abstracts). 11 Alavi & Ahmadi-damghan 2004. (abstract). 12, 13 Alavi & Kamali 1995, 2002. (abstracts). 13 Alavi & Kamali 2002. (abstract). 15 Alavi & Mohiseni 2002. (abstract). 16 Alavi & zur Strassen 2002. (abstract). 18 Al-e-Mansoor & Ahmadi 1993. (abstract). 20 Alichi & Minaei 2000. (abstract). 24 M.R. Bagheri & Afioni 2004. (abstract). 25 M.R. Bagheri, Alavi, & Nematollahi 2003. (abstract). 26 M.R. Bagheri & Nasr Esfahani 2002. (abstract). 27 M.R. Bagheri & Radjabi 2000. (abstract). 28 S. Bagheri 2000. (abstract). 29 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006. (abstract). 30 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006. (short article). 31 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2007. (short article). 32 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Behnamfar 2005. (abstract). 34 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Mohammadi 2005. (abstract). 36 M.R. Bagheri & Heidarzadae 2004. (abstract). 37 S. Bagheri & Mosadegh 2000. (abstract). 38 S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002a. (abstract). 39 S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002b. (abstract). 42 Bassiri, Sarvi, & Sarafrazi 1994. (short report). 46 Cheraghian 2000. (abstract). 47 Cheraghian & Barimani Varandi 2000. (abstract). 48 Cheraghian & Hojat 1998. (abstract). 49 Dordaie, Sadaghian, & Nikdel 2000. (abstract). 51 Emami 2004a. (abstract). 52 Emami 2004b. (abstract). 53 Etebari 2002. (abstract). 54 Etebari & Bizhannia 2006. (abstract). 55 Etebari & Hesami 2002. (abstract). 57 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 1999b. (scientific note). 59 Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan 2000b. (abstract). 60 Etebari, Jalali, & Tak Sokhan 2000c. (abstract). 61 Etebari, Jalali, & Tak Sokhan 2000d. (abstract). 67 Gheibi & Soleiman negadian 2002. (abstract). 68 Gheibi, Soleiman nejadian, & Shisheh bor 2002. (abstract).

92


69 Gheibi, Soleymannejadian, & Shishebor 2006. (abstract). 71 Ghotbi, Gilasian, & Shahraeen 2003. (short report). 73 Gilasian, Moharramipour, & Alavi 2000. (abstract). 76 Haghighian & Sadeghi 2003. (scientific note). 77 Hajizadeh 2006. (abstract). 78 Hasani & Fallahzadeh 2005. (scientific note). 84 Hemmati & Benedictos 2000. (abstract). 85 Hosseini & Sirjani 2004. (abstract). 86 Hosseinynia & Malkeshi 2003. (abstract). 87 Hosseininia & Malkeshy 2004. (abstract). 89 Jafari & Fallahzadeh 2004. (abstract). 91 Jalali Sendi, Hashemi-Nia, & Shojaee 2002. (abstract). 92 Jalili Moghadam & Azmayesh Fard 2004. (abstract). 94 Javan Moghadam, Noori, Hosseini, & Amin 2000. (abstract). 95 Kalafchi, Ebadi, & Mobli 2002. (abstract). 96 Kalafchi, Mobli, & Ebadi 2003. (abstract). 98 Kamangar & Rajabi 2000. (abstract). 100 A. Khani, Moharramipour, & Hoseini 2000. (abstract). 102 A. Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002. (abstract). 103 A. Khani, Moharramipour, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002. (abstract). 104 M. Khani, Haghiri, Naghdibadi, & Yazdani 2004. (abstract). 109, 110 Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000a, b. (abstracts). 110 Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000b. (abstract). 112 Khormaly 2004. (abstract). 114 Kosari, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Shojai, & Ostovan 2006. (abstract). 115 Madadi, Kharrazi pakdel, Ashouri, Mohaghegh, & Ahmadi 2004. (abstract). 117 Madadi, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Ashouri, Mohaghegh neyshabouri, Enkegaard, & Brodsgaard 2006. (abstract). 119 Malkeshi, Nasrollahi, & Ardeh 2001. (abstract). 120 Mansouri, Ebadi, & Mobli 2004. (abstract). 125 Mashhadi Jafarlo & Malkeshi 2000. (abstract). 129, 130 Minaei & Alichi 2000a, b. (abstract). 132–134 Minaei & Alichi 2002a–c. (abstract). 138 Minaei & Asadi 2004. (scientific note). 144 Mirkarimi 2000. (abstract). 145 Mohagery, Fathizadeh, & Tabibnejad 1998. (abstract). 146 Mohaghegh & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002. (abstract). 148 Moharramipour, A. Khani, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2002. (abstract). 149 Moharramipour, Kheirandish, & Kamali 2000. (abstract). 150 Mohiseni, Kamali, & Alavi 1998. (abstract). 151, 152 Mojeni 2002, 2004. (abstract). 153 Mojeni & Alavi 1998. (abstract). 154 Moodi 2002. (abstract). 158 Noori, Javan Moghaddam, Hosseini, & Amin 2000. (abstract).


160 Nouri Moghadam, Jaliani, Habibi, & Ali Akbar 2004. (abstract). 161 Pirafkan, Kamali, Ostovan, & Manzari 2006. (abstract). 162 Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2002. (abstract). 165 Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2004. (abstract). 166 Rajabi Mazhar & Sadeghi 2006. (abstract). 167 Rasoulpour & Izadpanah 2003. (short report). 169 Rowshandel 2002. (abstract). 171 Saeidi, Rezvani, & Nourbakhsh 2002. (abstract). 172 Said-Pour & Daneshvar 1993. (abstract). 173 Salehi, Hadji-zadeh, Baniameri, Sahragard, & Salehi 2006. (abstract). 174 Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1993. (abstract). 177 Shekerian & Rajabi 2004. (abstract). 178 Shishehbor 1991. (abstract). 180 Taghizadeh, Hosseini, Mojeni, & Amin 2004. (abstract). 181 Takalloozadeh & Zohdi 2000. (abstract). 182 Teraz & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002. (abstract). 184 Yousefi & Abbasifar 2004. (abstract). 185 Yousefi & Abasifar 2006. (abstract). (d) Iranian references entirely in Persian (or, in French or German / and Persian) 22 Azmayesh Fard & Faridi 1993. (abstract). 33 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Kajbaf-vala 2002. (abstract). 41 Barkhordari, Samet, & Farzaneh 1981. (journal article). (p. 3 in French, 4–8 in Persian). 56 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 1999a. (note in Newsletter ). 64 Fathi Hafshejani, Abbasifar, Hemmati, & Yousefi 2002. (abstract). 65 Fazeli 1980. (booklet). 88 Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006. (proceedings article). 93 Javadi 2002. (note in Newsletter ). 121, 122 Manzari 1999, 2004. (note in Newsletter ). 123 Manzari & Golmohammadzadeh-Khiaban 1999. (note in Newsletter). 125 Mashhadi Jafarlo & Malkeshi 2000. (abstract). 128 Minaei 2002. (abstract). 147 Moharramipour, Gilasian, Alavi, Talebi, & Fathipour 2001. (proceedings article). 156 Mortazawiha & Dern 1977 (In German, with extended summary in Persian). (journal article). 159 Nouri Moghadam, Habibi, Aftabi, Akbari Noshad, Mortazawibak, & Bagheri 2000. (abstract). (1) Afshar 1938. (book). (3) Anonymous 1980. (in French and Persian) (booklet). (4) Bayat Asadi & Arabsalmani 2005. (book). (5)–(9) Behdad 1982–2002. (books). (10) Dastgheyb Beheshti 1980. (book). (11), (12) Davatchi 1949, 1954. (books). (13) Davatchi 1958. (journal article). (in French). (14), (15) Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1954, 1955 (in Persian, summary in French). (journal articles).

93

94


(16) Esmaili 1983 (–1996). (book). (17) Esmaili, Mirkarimi, & Azmayesh Fard 1991. (book). (20) Gharib & Zonouzi 1968. (booklet). (21) Habibi, Hajianfar, & Mirkamali 2004. (book). (22) Habibi, J. & M. Zamani 2003. (book). (23) Javan Moghadam & Zonouzi 1970. (booklet). (24), (25) Khanjani 2004, 2005. (books). (26) Khanjani & Haddad Irani-Nejad 2006. (book). (27) Kiriukhin 1947. (book). (28) Lodos 2005. (book). (29) Mirmoayedi 2005. (book). (31) Mohammad Alian, Golmohammadi, Banihashemian, Gholamian, & Taheri 2001. (book). (32) Mossadegh & Kocheili 2003. (booklet). (33) Naeem 1982. (book). (34) Rahmani & Khalili 1990. (booklet). (35) Rajabi & Behruzin 2005. (book) (37) Salavatian 1996. (book). (38) Samih, Alizadeh, & Saberi Riseh 2005. (book). (39) Shahrokhi & Rahimi 2003. (chapter in book). 179 Shojai 1971 (In Persian, with summary in French). (chapter in book). (40) Shojai 1989. (book). (41) Taghizadeh & Safavi 1960. (book). (42), (43) Zahedi 1968, 1992. (books). (44) Zamani & Habibi 2005. (book). (e) Iranian articles, etc. in Persian with English summary / abstract 35 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Yousef Naanaie 2005. (journal article). 58 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 2000a. (journal article). 63 Fathi, Nori Ganbalani, Farshbaf, Haddad Irani-Nejad, & Valizadeh 2005. (journal article). 62 Etebari & Matindoost 2004. (journal article). 63 Fathi, Nori Ganbalani, Farshbaf, Haddad Irani-Nejad, & Valizadeh 2005. (journal article). 66 Ghahhari & Hatami 2000. (journal article). 80 Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997. (journal article). 81 Hassan zadeh Salmasi, Hejazi, & Rahnemon 2003. (journal article). 82 Hatami, Khajeh Ali, Mobli, & Sabzalian 2006. (journal article). 83 Hemmati 1990. (journal article). 90 Jalali sendi, Hasheminia, Etebari, & Shojaee 2001. (journal article). 97 Kalafchi, Mobli, Ebadi, & Rezaei 2006. (journal article). 99 Keyhanian, Taghizadeh, Taghaddosi, & Khajehzadeh 2005. (journal article). 101 Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2004. (journal article). 105, 106 Khanjani, M. & M. Mirab baluo 2005a, b. (proceedings articles). 111 Kheyri 1989. (journal article). 113 Kosari & Kharazi-Pakdel 2006. (journal article).


116 Madadi, Kharrazi-pakdel, Ashouri, & Mohaghegh Neyshabouri 2006. (journal article). 118 Mahghari & Ostovan 2006. (journal article). 127 Mehrnejad, M. R. & B. Panahi 2006. (journal article). 131 Minaei & Alichi 2001. (journal article). 137 Minaei, Alichi, & Asadi 2002. (journal article). 157 Namvar & Kheirandish 2006. (journal article). 164 Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003. (proceedings article). 175 Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1995. (journal article). 183 Yarmand, Sadeghi, Mohammadi, Ebrahimi, & Seif Allahi 2006. (journal article). (37) Salavatian 1996. (book).

95

96


Primary Literature on Thysanoptera by Iranian authors The 187 primary references on Thysanoptera coming from Iranian authors contain original findings on the Thysanoptera of Iran. 161 of these have been published in Iran (Table 2), comprising 36 articles, 123 abstracts, and two books (ref. no. 1 and 65). 26 primary references (16 articles and 9 abstracts, etc.) appear in publications outside Iran (Table 1). A total of 192 Iranian scientists have individually or jointly authored these publications (see Table 3 on pages 98–102). Table 1. Primary Literature on Thysanoptera by Iranian authors, published in journals, etc., outside Iran. Complete articles

Journal / Publication

Abstracts (or others)

[Cited by ref. no. (cf. pages 176–314)]

Australasian Plant Pathology (CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia)

ref. 168 (2007)

—

Book of Abstracts, 2nd Symposium on Palaearctic Thysanoptera (Ljubljana, Slovenia)

—

ref. 50, 108, 143 (2007) (Abstract)

Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes [Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHAM), Chania (Greece)]

ref. 126 (2001)

—

International Journal of Acarology (Indira Publishing House, West Bloomfield, Michigan)

ref. 170 (2003)

—

International Journal of Agriculture & Biology (Friends Science Publishers, Faisalabad, Pakistan)

ref. 21 (2007)

—

57th International Symposium on Crop Protection, Posters (Gent, Belgium)

—

ref. 139 (2005) (‘Poster’)

IOBC/wprs Bulletin (International Organisation for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants / West Palaearctic Regional Section)

ref. 107 (2005), 40 (2006)

ref. 70 (2006) (Abstract)

—

ref. 135, 140 (2007) (Abstract)

Journal of Phytopathology (Blackwell Publishing, Berlin)

ref. 23 (2003)

—

Phytopathology (American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, Minnesota)

ref. 79 (2005)

—

ref. 74 (2004), 72 (2005)

ref. 163 (2001), 176 (2002) (‘Disease Notes’)

ref. 75 (2007)

—

Proceedings of the National Symposium on Frontier Areas of Entomological Research (Entomological Society of India, New Delhi)

ref. 43, 45 (2003)

—

Thrips (Scientia Publishing, New Delhi)

ref. 14, 44 (2003)

—

Tijdschrift voor Entomologie (Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging, Amsterdam)

ref. 141 (2007)

—

Zoological Research (Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, P. R. China)

ref. 187 (2007)

—

17 articles (2001–2007)

9 abstracts etc. (2001–2007)

Journal of Insect Science (University of Wisconsin, Madison, U.S.A.)

Plant Disease (American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, Minnesota) Plant Pathology Journal (Asian Network for Scientific Information, Faisalabad, Pakistan )

Total

97


Table 2. Primary Literature on Thysanoptera by Iranian authors, published in Iran. Iranian journals, Congresses, Symposia, etc.

Complete articles

Abstracts (or others)

ref. 63, 80, 81, 137

—

Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, Tehran, 1994–2006

ref. 127, 175

ref. 42, 71 (‘Short Report’)

Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées, Tehran, 1954–1989

ref. 111, 156

—

Iran Agricultural Research, Shiraz, 1985–2001

ref. 136, 186

—

Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Karaj, 2000–2006

ref. 58, 97

—

Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, Tehran, 2005–2007

ref. 35, 183

ref. 30, 31 (‘Short Article’)

Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, Shiraz, 2006

ref. 82

—

—

ref. 167 (‘Short Report’)

ref. 101, 118

—

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Tehran, 2006

ref. 5

—

Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, Tehran, 1981–2007

ref. 17, 41, 62, 66, 90, 113, 116, 131, 142

ref. 57, 76, 78, 124, 138 (‘Scientific Note’)

Newsletter of Entomological Society of Iran, Tehran, 1999–2004

—

ref. 56, 93, 121–123 (short note)

Pajouhesh & Sazandegi (in Agronomy & Horticulture), Tehran, 2005–2006

ref. 99, 157

—

ref. 83

—

—

95 abstracts

6 articles 2

13 abstracts 3

36 articles (1971–2007)

123 abstracts, etc.

Agricultural Science, Tabriz, 1997–2005

Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, Tehran, 2003 Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 2004–2006

Scientific Journal of Agriculture, Ahwaz, 1990 Proceedings of Iranian Plant Protection Congresses, Tehran, 1991–2006 Proceedings of other Congresses, Symposia, Seminars, Conferences, 1971–2006 Total

1

Reference numbers (as given in the Bibliography, on pages 173–312) 1 ref.

2, 4, 6–13, 15, 16, 18–20, 24, 26–29, 36–39, 46–49, 51–55, 59, 60, 61, 67–69, 73, 77, 84, 85, 87, 89, 91, 92, 94, 95, 98, 100, 102–104, 109, 110, 112, 114, 115, 117, 120, 129, 130, 132–134, 144–146, 148, 149–155, 158, 160–162, 165, 166, 169, 171–174, 177, 178, 180–182, 184, 185.

2 ref.

88 (Proc. National Symp. to Improve Prod. & Export Dev. of Ornamental Plants in Iran 2006); 105, 106 (Proc. National Congr. Sustainable Dev. of Medicinal Plants 2005); 147 (Proc. 10th Iranian Biological Congr. 2001); 164 (Proc. 3rd National Symposium on Saffron 2003); 179 (Summary of 1st Iranian Tobacco and Cigarette Seminar 1971).

3 ref.

3 (Proc. 1st National Congr. on Grape 2000); 22 (1st Iranian Congr. on Crop Prod. & Breeding 1993); 25 (Proc. 11th Iranian Conf. of Biology 2003); 32, 34 (Abstracts Book 2nd Symp. Medicinal Plants 2005); 33, 128 (Proc. 2nd National Plant Prot. Conf. Forests & Rangelands 2002); 64 (Proc. 7th Iranian Crop Sciences Congr. 2002); 86 (Proc. 2nd Appl.-Scientific. Seminar Flower & Ornamental Plants in Iran 2003); 96 (Abstracts Book 3rd Iranian Congr. Horticultural Sci. 2003); 119 (1st Applied–Scientific Seminar on Flower & Ornamental Plants in Iran 2001); 125 (2nd National Conf. Optimum Utilization Chemical Fertilizers & Pesticides in Agriculture 2000); 159 (Proc. 6th Iranian Congr. of Crop Prod. & Plant Breeding 2000).

98


Table 3. Iranian authors of primary publications on Thysanoptera. Author

Number of Publications

Year(s) of Publication

1

1984 (and 2000)

Abbasifar, A.R.

3

2002–2006

Afioni, D.

1

2004

Afshari, A.

1

2000

Aftabi, M.

1

2000

Ahmadi, A.A.

2

1993, 2001

Ahmadi, B.

1

2004

Ahmadi-damghan, M.

1

2004

Ahoonmanesh, A.

3

2001–2007

Akbari Noshad, S.

1

2000

Abai, M. / Abaii, M.

10

20

30

Akbarzadeh Shokat, G.

4

1998–2006

Alavi, J.

23

1995–2007

Alemansour, H. / Al-e-Mansoor, H.

2

1993, 2004

Ali Akbar, A.

1

2004

Alichi, M.

10

2000–2007

Alimousavi, S. A.

1

2007

Amin, G. / Amin, G.A.

3

2000–2004

Ardeh, M.G.

1

2001

Asadi, G.

2

2002, 2004

Asali-Fayaz, B.

1

2007

Ashouri, A.

3

2004–2006

Azemayesh Fard, P.

6

1991–2007

Babaie, Gh.

1

2003

Bagherani, N.

1

2007

Bagheri, M. R.

5

2000–2004

Bagheri, S.

12

2000–2007

Baniameri, V.

3

2006

Barimani Varandi, H.

1

2000

Barkhordari, M.

1

1981

Bassiri, G.

1

1994

Behnamfar, K.

1

2005

Bizhania, A. R.

1

2006

Cheraghian, A.

3

1998–2000

1

1993

(Chodjai, M. – See: Shojai, M.) 34

Daneshvar, H. (Darvish Mojeni, T. – See: Mojeni, T. D.)

35

39

Dordaie, A. A.

1

2000

Ebadi, R.

4

2002–2006

Ebrahimi, S. S.

1

2006

Eftekhari, R.

1

2006

Eghbalian, A. H.

1

2007

99


Author 40

50

60

70

75



Emami, M. S.

2

2004

Etebari, K.

12

1999–2007

Fallahzadeh, M.

3

2004–2005

Faridi, B.

1

1993

Farshbaf, R.

1

2005

Farzadfar, S.

4

2001–2004

Farzaneh, A.

1

1981

Fathi, S. A. A.

1

2005

Fathi Hafshejani, A.

1

2002

Fathipour, Y.

5

2001–2004

Fathizadeh, A.

1

1998

Fazeli, M. J.

1

1980

Ghahhari, H.

1

2000

Ghasemi, A.

1

2004

Gheibi, M.

3

2002–2006

Ghotbi, T.

4

2002–2006

Gilasian, E.

3

2000–2003

Golmohammadzadeh-Khiaban, N.

2

1999, 2000

Golnaraghi, A. R.

3

2002–2007

Habibi, J.

2

2000, 2004

Haddad Irani-Nejad, K.

3

2003–2006

Haghighian, F.

1

2003

Haghiri, A.

1

2004

Hajiqanbar, H.

1

2003

Hajizadeh, J. /Haji-zadeh, J.

2

2006

Hasani, M. R.

1

2005

Hashemi-Nia, M. / Hasheminia, M.

2

2001, 2002

Hassandokht, M. R.

1

2007

Hassani-Mehraban, A.

2

2002, 2005

Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi, M.

2

1997, 2003

Hatami, B.

2

2000, 2006

Heidarzadae, I.

1

2004

Hejazi, M.

1

2003

Hemmati, F.

3

1990–2002

Hesami, S.

2

2002, 2007

Hojat, S. H.

1

1998

Hoseini, S. M. / Hosseini, M. / Hosseini, S. M.

8

2000–2004

Hosseininia, A. / Hosseinynia, A.

3

2003–2006

Izadpanah, K.

3

2003–2007

Jafari, R.

1

2004

80

Jalali, J. / Jalali Sendi, J.

8

1999–2002

81

Jaliani, N.

1

2004

100


Author 82

85

90

100



Jalili Moghadam, M.

1

2004

Javadi, S.

1

2002

Javan Moghadam, H. / Javan Moghaddam, H.

2

2000

Kajbaf-vala, G.

1

2002

Kalafchi, M.

3

2002–2006

Kamali, K.

11

1995–2006

Kamangar, S.

1

2000

Kamelmanesh, M. M.

1

2007

Keyhanian, A. A.

1

2005

Khajeh Ali, J.

1

2006

Khajehzadeh, Y.

1

2005

Khani, A.

5

2000–2004

Khani, M.

1

2004

Khanjani, M.

5

2005–2007

Kharazi-Pakdel, A. / Kharrazi-Pakdel, A.

5

2004–2006

Kheirandish, M. / Kheyrandish Koshkoei, M.

6

2000–2006

Kheyri, M.

1

1989

Khormaly, S.

1

2004

Kocheili, F.

1

2003

Kosari, A. A.

2

2006

Madadi, H.

3

2004–2006

Mahghari, R.

1

2006

Malkeshi, S. H. / Malkeshy, S. H.

5

2000–2006

Mansouri, S. M.

1

2004

Manzari, S.

5

1999–2006

Mashhadi Jafarlo, M.

1

2000

Masihi, S. R.

1

2006

Matindoost, L.

1

2004

Mehnejad, M. R.

2

2001, 2006

Minaei, K.

17

2000–2007

Mirab baluo, M. / Mirab baluo, M.

5

2005–2007

Mirkarimi, A.

1

2000

Mobli, M.

5

2002–2006

Mohagery, A.

1

1998

Mohaghegh, H.

1

2002

Mohaghegh, J. / Mohaghegh-neyshabouri, J.

4

2004–2006

(Mehraban, A. H. – See: Hassani-Mehraban, A.) 110

120 122

Mohammadi, M.

1

2006

Mohammadi, R.

1

2005

Moharramipour, S.

11

2000–2007

Mohiseni, A. A.

2

1998, 2002

Moini, A. A.

1

2001

101


Author 123 125

130

140



Mojeni, T.D. / Darvish Mojeni, T.

4

1998–2004

Moodi, S.

3

2000–2004

Mortazawibak, A.

1

2000

Mortazaviha, A. / Mortazawiha, A.

2

1977, 1995

Mosadegh, M. S. / Mossadegh, M. S.

5

2000–2003

Mostaan, M.

1

1998

Naderi, A.

2

1993, 1995

Naghdibadi, A.

1

2004

Namvar, P.

1

2006

Nasr Esfahani, M.

1

2002

Nasrollahi, A. A.

1

2001

Nematollahi, M. R.

1

2003

Nikdel, M.

1

2000

Noori, P.

2

2000

Nori Ganbalani, G.

1

2005

Nourbakhsh, S. H.

1

2002

Nouri Moghadam, R.

2

2000, 2004

Ostovan, H.

3

2006

Panahi, B.

1

2006

Pirafkan, S.

1

2006

Pourbabaei, H.

1

2007

Pourmirza, A. A.

1

2007

Pourrahim, R.

4

2001–2004

Rahimi, H.

2

2003, 2004

Rahnemon, M.

1

2003

Rajabi, G. R. / Radjabi, G.

3

2000–2004

(Radjabi, G. – See: Rajabi, G. R.)

150

160

163

Rajabi Mazhar, N.

1

2006

Rasoulpour, R.

2

2003, 2007

Rezaei, A. M.

1

2006

Rezvani, A. / Rezwani, A.

2

1998, 2002

Rowshandel, S.

1

2002

Saboori, A.

1

2003

Sabzalian, M. R.

1

2006

Sadaghian, B.

1

2000

Sadeghi, S. E.

3

2003–2006

Saeidi, Z.

1

2002

Sahragard, A.

1

2006

Said-Pour, S. M.

1

1993

Salehi, F.

1

2006

Salehi, L.

1

2006

Samet, K.

1

1981

102


Author



164

Sarafrazi, A. M.

1

1994

165

Sarvi, M.

1

1994

Seif Allahi, A. R.

1

2007

Seyedoleslami, H.

2

1993, 1995

Shahraeen, N.

7

2001–2005

170

180

Sharifi, A.

1

2006

Shayesteh, N.

2

1998, 2006

Shekarian, B.

1

2004

Shisheh bor, P. / Shishebor, P.

3

1991–2006

Shojaee, M. / Shojai, M.

4

1971–2006

Sirjani, M.

1

2004

Soleiman negadian, E. / Soleiman nejadian, E.

4

2002–2006

Suri, G.

1

2007

Tabibnejad, A.

1

1998

Taghaddosi, M. V.

1

2005

Taghizadeh, M.

2

2004, 2005

Takalloozadeh, H.

1

2000

Tak Sokhan, M.

6

1999–2000

Talebi, A. A.

5

2001–2004

Telmadarraiy, Z.

3

2003

Teraz, A.

1

2002

Valizadeh, M.

1

2005

Yarmand, H.

1

2006

Yazdani, D.

1

2004

Yazdani, E.

3

2003, 2004

Yousef Naanaie, S.

1

2005

190

Yousefi, M.

3

2002–2006

Zareh, N.

1

1985

192

Zohdi, H.

1

2000


103

Secondary Literature on Thysanoptera by Iranian authors The secondary literature comprises books and other general compilations. There are 45 references which constitute secondary literature on Thysanoptera originating from Iranian authors, in which the information on Thysanoptera is based on previously published data on the Thysanoptera in Iran. However, some of these references contain records of species of thrips that were previously not known from Iran. These records are marked with an asterisk (*), i.e. references (1), (8), (11), (12), (16), (18), (27). (1) Afshar 1938. Three species of thrips are noted in Iran. *This is the first report of species of thrips from Iran. (2) Akbari Noshad 2000. Onion thrips as pest of onion. (3) Anonymous 1980. Lists 5 species of thrips among important pests of field crops and fruit trees. (4) Bayat Asadi & Arabsalmani 2005. “Thrips tabaci (T. flavus)”, cotton thrips or onion thrips. (5) Behdad 1982 (and 1989). 11 species are listed as pests of field crops. (6) Behdad 1984. 4 species of thrips are listed as pests of fruit crops. (7) Behdad 1988. 4 species of thrips are listed as pests of forest trees and shrubs and ornamental plants. (8) Behdad 1996. 34 species of thrips are listed in phytomedicine encyclopedia. *Anaphothrips sudanensis is reported from sugarcane in Khuzestan province. Includes the first report of Caliothrips graminicola from Iran. (9) Behdad 2002. Three species of thrips are mentioned. (10) Dastgheyb Beheshti 1980. Thrips tabaci is noted on field crops and fruit trees in Esfahan. (11) Davatchi 1949. Haplothrips tritici is reported on wheat in Iran. *This is the first finding of the species from Iran. (12) Davatchi 1954. Phloeothrips oryzae is noted on rice in Mazandaran province. *It is the first finding of the species in Iran. (13) Davatchi 1958. Three species of thrips found on Pistacia in Iran are noted. (14) Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1954. Taeniothrips frici is listed as a pest of oranges. (15) Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1955. Thrips tabaci is noted as a pest of cotton in Iran. (16) Esmaili 1983. Eight species of thrips are noted as pests of fruit trees in Iran. *Four of these species are the first findings for these species in Iran: Drepanothrips reuteri, Chaetanaphothrips sp., Frankliniella cephalica, Scirtothrips citri. (17) Esmaili, Mirkarimi & Azmayesh Fard 1991. 8 species of thrips are listed among agricultural pests (destructive insects). (18) Farahbakhsh 1961. 9 species of thrips are listed among economically important insects and other enemies of plants and agricultural products. *Aeolothrips sp., on sugar beet in Karaj and Varamin, is the first report of the genus in Iran. (19) Farahbakhsh & Moini 1975. On olive pests in Iran. The two species of thrips in are listed from outside Iran. (20) Gharib & Zonouzi 1968. Thrips tabaci is noted as a pest of vegetables and in greenhouses. (21) Habibi, Hajianfar, & Mirkamali 2004. Thrips tabaci is noted as a pest of aerial parts of potato. (22) Habibi & Zamani 2003. Anaphothrips sp. is noted as maize thrips, causing damage to maize and sugarcane in three provinces of Iran. (23) Javan Moghadam & Zonouzi 1970. Thrips tabaci is dealt with as cotton thrips distributed in the whole of Iran. (24) Khanjani 2004. Five species of thrips are dealt with as pests of field crops in Iran. (25) Khanjani 2005. Thrips tabaci, noted as tobacco thrips, is a cosmopolitan polyphagous pest of vegetables.

104


(26) Khanjani & Haddad Irani-Nejad 2006. Three species of thrips are noted as predators: Scolothrips longicornis as a predator of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae in Iran, Aeolothrips collaris and A. fasciatus as predators on Thrips tabaci. (27) Kiriukhin 1947. Taeniothrips frici is listed as a pest of tung in Shahi. *It is the first report of the species from Iran. (28) Lodos 2005 (Modarres Awal). 27 species of thrips are included, along with their distribution in Iran. (29) Mirmoayedi 2005. Two species are included among agricultural pests in Iran:Haplothrips tritici, Thrips tabaci. (30) Modarres Awal 1994. 39 species of thrips are listed among agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. (31) Mohammad Alian, Golmohammadi, Banihashemian, Gholamian, & Taheri 2001. Scirtothrips citri is noted as damaging leaves and fruit of citrus in Iran. (32) Mossadegh & Kocheili 2003. 44 species of thrips are included in this semi-descriptive checklist of arthropods and other pests from Khuzestan. (33) Naeem 1982. Two species, Haplothrips tritici and Thrips tabaci, are included as pests. (34) Rahmani & Khalili 1990. Thrips flavus attacking grapes in Khorasan is dealt with. (35) Rajabi & Behruzin 2005. Haplothrips tritici damaging wheat in Iran is included. (36) Salavatian 1959. Thrips tabaci is listed as an agricultural pest. (37) Salavatian 1996. Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis is noted as internal quarantine element in Iran. Frankliniella tritici, Scirtothrips citri, and Taeniothrips gladioli are noted as external quarantine elements in Iran. (38) Samih, Alizadeh, & Saberi Riseh 2005. Three species of thrips on pistachio are listed. (39) Shahrokhi & Rahimi 2003. Thrips tabaci is noted as a pest on saffron in Khorasan. (40) Shojai 1989. Aeolothrips intermedius is noted as predator of poplar leaf aphid. (41) Taghizadeh & Safavi 1960. Three species of thrips are noted as pests of pistachio in Iran. (42) Zahedi 1968. Thrips tabaci is noted as a pest of summer crops in Iran. (43) Zahedi 1992. Thrips tabaci and Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis are noted as pests of summer crops. (44) Zamani & Habibi 2005. Frankliniella intonsa is noted as a major pest of alfalfa in Iran. (45) Abivardi 2001. Information on some economically important species of thrips is given.

The Authors. 44 authors appear in these 45 publications. Ten of these authors are common with the list of primary literature: Akbari Noshad, Azmayesh Fard, Habibi, Haddad Irani-Nejad, Javan Moghadam, Khanjani, Mirkarimi, Rahimi, Rajabi, Shojai. Table 4. Iranian authors of secondary publications on or including Thysanoptera. Author



Abivardi

1

2001

Afshar, J.

1

1938

Akbari Noshad, S.

1

2000

Anonymous

1

1980

Alizadeh, A.

1

2005

Arabsalmani, M.

1

2005

Azmayesh Fard

1

1991

Banihashemian, S. M.

1

2001

105


Author



Bayat Asadi, H.

1

2005

Behdad, E.

5

1982–2002

Behruzin, M.

1

2005

Dastgheyb Beheshti, N.

1

1980

Davatchi, A. / Davatchi, G. A.

5

1949–1958

Esmaili, M.

1

1983, 1991

Farahbakhsh, G.

2

1961, 1975

Gharib, A.

1

2001

Gholamian, E.

1

2001

Golmohammadi, M.

1

2001

Habibi, J.

2

2003, 2005

Haddad Irani-Nejad, K.

1

2006

Hajianfar, R.

1

2004

Javan Moghadam, H.

1

1970

Khalili, N.

1

1990

Khanjani, M.

3

2004–2006

Mirkamali, S. H.

1

2004

Mirkarimi, A.

1

1991

Mirmoayedi, A. N.

1

2005

Modarres Awal, M.

2

1994, 2005

Mohammad Alian, Y.

1

2001

Moini, M.

1

1975

Rahimi, H.

1

2003

Rahmani, M.

1

1990

Rajabi, G.

1

2005

Saberi Riseh, R.

1

2005

Safavi, M.

1

1960

Salavatian, M.

2

1959, 1996

Samih, M. A.

1

2005

Shahrokhi, M. B.

1

2003

Shojai, M.

1

1989

Taghizadeh, F.

3

1954–1960

Taheri, H.

1

2001

Zahedi, K.

2

1968, 1992

Zamani, M.

1

2003, 2005

Zonouzi, H.

2

1968, 1970

106


Iranian Journals and other Iranian publications cited Iranian journals, or other serial publications, or proceedings of congresses, symposia/seminars, etc., published from Iran in which the references given in the following pages appear, are listed below. IRANIAN JOURNALS Agricultural Science. — Published by Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz. From 1991 onward. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology. Publication of Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran since 1990 (Vol. 57), as successor to Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées. Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées — No. 1 (1946) to No. 45 (1977), and as Vol. 46 (1978) to Vol. 56 (1989), published in Tehran by different departments / institutes of the Ministry of Agriculture (Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture from 2002), under the following names (name of publisher as printed on the title page of the journal). Départment Général de la Protection des Plantes (1946 to 1948). Départment Général des Recherches Agronomiques (1949 to 1957). Départment Général pour la Protection des Plantes et Quarantine (1959 to 1961). Départment Général des Recheches pour la Protection des Plantes (1962). Institut des Recherches Entomologiques et Phytopathologiques (1963 to 1989). Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute (from 1990), Plant Protection Research Institute (from 2006 onward).

Published from Vol. 57 (1990) onward with a new name, Applied Entomology and Phytopathology.

Iran Agricultural Research. — Publication of College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, from 1982 onward. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. — Publication of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj since 1978 (Vol. 33, No. 9), as successor to Publications de la Faculté d’Agronomie, published from 1970 (Vol. 1, No. 1) to 1977 (Vol. 32, No. 8). Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research. — Publication of Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, from 2003 onward. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. — Publication of Iranian Society for Horticultural Science, College of Agricultural, Shiraz University, Shiraz, from 2000 onward. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology. — Official journal of The Iranian Phytopathological Society, Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran, from 1963 onward. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. — Publication of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, from 1991 onward. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. — Publication of Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, from 1999 (Vol. 1) onward. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran (J.E.S.I.). — Publication of Entomological Society of Iran, Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran, from 1973 onward. Newsletter of Entomological Society of Iran. — Publication of Entomological Society of Iran, Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran, from 1999 onward.


107

Pajouhesh-va-Sazandegi. — Published by Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Education Organization, Tehran. From 1988 onward. No. 1 (1988) to No. 4 were published as Omur-e-dam [= Animal Sciences]. No. 5 to No. 11 were published with a new name Keshavarzi-va-Dam [= Agricultural and Animal Sciences]. No. 12 (1991) through No. 79 (2008) were published with a new name Pajouhesh-va-Sazandegi [= Research and Construction]. The journal was published from No. 1 (1988) until No. 52 (2001) by the former Ministry of Jihad-eSazandegi (Construction Crusade), Tehran, and from No. 53 (2001) onward by the Ministry of Jihade-Agriculture, Tehran. No. 50 to 52 (2001) were published in two series (Natural Resources, Animal Sciences). The Animal Sciences series is published from No. 53 (2001) onward with a new name, Animal & Fisheries Sciences. After amalgamation of the two ministries, Ministry of Jihad-e-Sazandegi and Ministry of Agriculture, into the Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture in December 2000, another series (Agronomy & Horticulture) was also started from No. 53 onward [see, for example, Keyhanian et al. 2005, Pajouhesh-va-Sazandegi (Agronomy & Horticulture), No. 68: 2–8, on page 249 of the present study]. The three series of Pajouhesh-va-Sazandegi (Animal & Fisheries Sciences, Agronomy & Horticulture, Natural Resources) are published as parallel issues bearing identical numbers; for example, in 2006 each series was published four times, in each case with No. 70, 71, 72, 73, and so on. Scientific Journal of Agriculture (SJA). Published by College of Agriculture of Shahid-Chamran University of Ahwaz, from 1976 (Vol. 1) onward. OTHER PUBLICATIONS (Proceedings of Congresses, Symposia, Seminars, Conferences). Proceedings of Iranian Plant Protection Congresses (IPPC). — The Iranian Congresses of Plant Protection (ICPP) are held biennially with the cooperation of Entomological Society of Iran, Iranian Phytopathological Society, and an Iranian university. From 16th Congress the Iran Society of Weed Science is also associated. Proceedings of 1st (1968) to 3rd (1970) and 5th (1974) to 12th (1995) Congresses were published each in one volume, Proceedings of 13th (1998) to 15th (2002) Congresses were published each in two volumes (Vol. 1, Pests; Vol. 2, Diseases and Weeds), Proceedings of the 16th (2004) and 17th (2006) Congresses were published in three volumes (Vol. 1, Pests; Vol. 2, Diseases; Vol. 3, Weeds). The following Proceedings have been published. [The Titles given below are as given on the cover page of these publications]. Proceedings of the First National Congress of Plant Medicine (Plant Protection), 14–19 Sept. 1968, University of Tehran, Agricultural College, Tehran. Second Plant Medicine Congress of Iran, 13–16 Sept. 1969, University of Tehran, College of Fine Arts, Tehran. Summary of the Third Plant Medicine Congress of Iran, 12–16 Sept. 1970, Shiraz-Pahlavi University, Shiraz. (edited by A. Omidvar). [The Fourth Plant Medicine Congress of Iran was held in 1972 at the University of Tehran, but the Proceedings were not published. (e-mail of July 26, 2006 from Dr. S. Manzari, Secretary, Entomological Society of Iran)]. Abstracts of papers presented in the Fifth Plant Medicine Congress of Iran, 7–11 Sept. 1974, Azerabadagan University, Tabriz. Abstracts of papers presented in the Sixth Plant Medicine Congress of Iran, Sept. 12–14, 1977, University of Tehran, Tehran. (edited by H. Eshtiaghi, H. Boroomand & M. Javaheri). Proceedings of the Seventh Plant Protection Congress of Iran, Sept. 3–7, 1983, University of Tehran, College of Agriculture, Karaj. Proceedings of the Eighth Plant Protection Congress of Iran, Aug. 30–Sept. 4, 1986, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan.

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Proceedings of the Ninth Plant Protection Congress of Iran, 9–14 Sept. 1989, University of Ferdowsi, College of Agriculture, Mashhad. Proceedings of the Tenth Plant Protection Congress of Iran, 1–5 Sept. 1991, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman. 2 unnumbered pages + 5 pages numbered in English words + pp. 1–208 (Abstracts), all in English; 3 unnumbered pages + 4 pages numbered in Persian words + pp. 1–215 (Abstracts), all in Persian. (English and Persian parts are printed and page-numbered separately, but are bound together). In the Proceedings of the 10th to 15th Congresses (1991 to 2002), the English and Persian parts are printed separately, but are bound together. Proceedings of the 11th Plant Protection Congress of Iran, 28 Aug.–2 Sept. 1993, University of Guilan, Rasht. 3 unnumbered pages + pp. a–r and 1–300 (Abstracts), all in English; 5 unnumbered pages + 24 pages numbered in Persian words + pp. 1–307 (Abstracts), all in Persian. Proceedings of the 12th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 2–7 Sept. 1995, Junior College of Agriculture, Karaj. 4 unnumbered pages + pp.i–xxii and 1–405 (Abstracts), all in English; 9 unnumbered pages + 39 pages numbered in Persian words + pp. 1–404 (Abstracts), all in Persian. Supplement to Proceedings of the 12th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 4 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–29 (lectures), 30–91(symposia), 92–97 (statement). (In Persian). Proceedings of the 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 23–27 Aug. 1998, Junior College of Agriculture, Karaj. Vol. I, Pests, 4 unnumbered pages, + pp. i–xxii and 1–262 (Abstracts), all in English; 5 unnumbered pages + 19 pages numbered in Persian words + pp. 1–262 (Abstracts), all in Persian. Supplement to Proceedings of the 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 4 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–35 (lectures), 36–161 (symposia). (in Persian). Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan. Vol. I, Pests, 3 unnumbered pages + 22 pages numbered in English words + pp. 1–383 (Abstracts), 385–392 (Index to authors), all in English; 4 unnumbered pages + 23 pages numbered in Persian words + pp. 1–383 (Abstracts), 385–392 (Index to authors), all in Persian. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah. Vol. I, Pests, 5 unnumbered pages + pp. i–xviii and 1–211 (Abstracts), all in English; 6 unnumbered pages + i–xxiv and 1–356 (Abstracts), all in Persian. Supplement to Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, pp. 1–56 (Abstracts in English); 3 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–5, 6–72 (Abstracts), all in Persian. (English and Persian parts are printed and page-numbered separately, but are bound together). Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Tabriz. Vol. I, Pests, 3 unnumbered pages + pp. i–xxix (in English); 6 unnumbered pages + pp. i– xxvi (in Persian)+ pp. 1–472 (Abstracts in Persian and English). (Each abstract appears in English and in Persian on the same page). (edited by S. Manzari). Proceedings of the 17th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 2–5 Sept. 2006, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj. (edited by S. Manzari). Vol. I, Pests. 3 unnumbered pages + pp. i–xix (table of contents) + xx–xxviii (author index), all in English; 6 unnumbered pages + pp. i–xvi (Table of contents) + xvii–xxiv (Author index), all in Persian; + pp. 1–418 (Abstracts in Persian and English). (Each abstract appears in English and in Persian on the same page.). Abstracts Book of the 2nd Symposium of Medicinal Plants, 26–27 Jan. 2005, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahed, Tehran. pp. a–j and 1–221 (Abstracts), all in English; 10 unnumbered pages + 7 pages numbered in Persian alphabet + 8 pages numbered in Persian words + pp. 1–297 (Abstracts), all in Persian. (English and Persian parts are printed and page-numbered separately, but are bound together).


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Abstracts Book of the 3rd Iranian Congress of Horticultural Science, 1–3 September 2003, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj. 2 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–310 (Abstracts), all in English; 30 pages numbered in Persian alphabet + pp. 1–377 (Abstracts), all in Persian. (English and Persian parts are printed and page-numbered separately, but are bound together). The First Applied–Scientific Seminar on Flower and Ornamental Plants in Iran, 4 Sept. 2001, Mahallat Plant and Flower Exhibition Organization, Mahallat. 2 unnumbered pages + pp. i–iv and 1–61 (Abstracts), all in English; 7 unnumbered pages + 8 pages numbered in Abjad numerals (Arabic alphabet) + pp. 1–66 (Abstracts), all in Persian. (English and Persian parts are printed and page-numbered separately, but are bound together). [See also Proceedings of the 2nd Applied-Scientific Seminar on Flower & Ornamental Plants in Iran, 15–16 Oct. 2003, Mahallat Plant and Flower Exhibition Organization, Mahallat.]

First Iranian Congress on Crop Production and Breeding, 6–9 Sep. 1993, Agricultural Faculty of Tehran University, Karaj, pp. 1–10 (preface, committees, list of papers, index to authors) and 11–236 (Abstracts). (in Persian). Proceedings of the National Congress in Sustainable Development of Medicinal Plants (NCSDMP), 27–29 July, 2005, Mashhad. 32 pages numbered in Abjad numerals (Arabic alphabet) + 647 pp. Published by: Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran; Technical Publication No. 358-2005. (In Persian; with English abstract at the end of each article). Proceedings of the First National Congress on Grape, 16–18 Sept. 2000, Agricultural Organization of Gazvin province, Gazvin. 12 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–28 (Abstracts of oral communications) + 1–39 (Abstracts of posters), all in English; 13 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–28 (Abstracts of oral communications) + 1–39 (Abstracts of posters), all in Persian. (English and Persian parts are printed and page-numbered separately, but are bound together). Proceedings of the 2nd Applied-Scientific Seminar on Flower & Ornamental Plants in Iran, 15– 16 Oct. 2003, Mahallat Plant and Flower Exhibition Organization, Mahallat. 6 unnumbered pages + pp. i–iv and 1–71 (Abstracts), all in English; 8 unnumbered pages + 6 pages numbered in Abjad numerals (Arabic alphabet) + pp. 1–75 (Abstracts), all in Persian. (English and Persian parts are printed and pagenumbered separately, but are bound together). [See also The First Applied–Scientific Seminar on Flower and Ornamental Plants in Iran, 4 Sept. 2001, Mahallat Plant and Flower Exhibition Organization, Mahallat].

Proceedings of the 2nd National Plant Protection Conference on Forests and Rangelands (In Forests and Afforestations), 27–28 Feb. 2002, Research Institute of Forests and Renglands, Tehran. 5 unnumbered pages + pp. i–viii and 1–130 (abstracts), 131–132 (list of scientific, and research centers), 133–134 (list of authors), 135–139 (index of terms), 140–144 (index of scientific names). (In Persian, with title page in English). Proceedings of the 3rd National Symposium on Saffron. 2–3 Dec. 2003, Khorasan Park of Science and Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad. 17 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–511 (papers), 512–514 (index to subjects), 515–517 (index to authors). (In Persian). (Abstract in English is given at the end of each paper). Proceedings of 6th Iranian Congress on Crop Production and Plant Breeding, 3–6 Sep. 2000, Mazandaran University, Babolsar. 7 unnumbered pages + pp. 3–660 (Abstracts), 661–676 (index of authors). (In Persian). Proceedings of the 7th Iranian Crop Sciences Congress, Aug. 24–26, 2002. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj. 6 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–735 (Abstracts) + 17 unnumbered pages (alphabetical index of authors). (In Persian).

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Proceedings of the 10th Iranian Biological Congress, 3–5 Sep. 2001, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 3 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–101 (full text of papers), all in English; 24 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–624 (full texts of papers), all in Persian. The Proceedings has two sections, one in Persian and the other in English, the two are printed and pagenumbered separately but are bound together. Some of the papers in the proceedings are written in English and comprise the English section, this section does not include abstracts of papers appearing in the Persian section. All of the Persian papers appearing in the Proceedings are only in Persian, and are without English abstract. Proceedings of the 11th Iranian Conference of Biology, 23–25 Aug. 2003, Urmia University, Biology Department, Urmia. 7 unnumbered pages + pp. i–iv and 1–347 (abstracts), all in Persian; pp. 348–688 (abstracts in English]. Proceedings of National Symposium on Access Methods to Improve Production and Export Development of Ornamental Plants in Iran, Oct. 2006, Mahallat Plant and Flower Exhibition Organization, Mahallat. 7 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–171 (full texts). (In Persian). Second National Conference on Optimum Utilization of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides in Agriculture, 2000, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj. 26 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–320 (Abstracts). (In Persian). Summary of the First Iranian Tobacco and Cigarette Seminar, 13-15 June 1971, Rezayeh. 1 unnumbered page + pp. 1–30 (summaries), in English or French; 3 contents pages numbered in Abjad numerals (Arabic alphabet) + pp. 1–3 (preface) + 4–13 (opening lectures) + 14–280 (full texts of papers), all in Persian. (The section in Persian and that in English/ French are printed and page-numbered separately but are bound together.

Publications in Iranian Journals and in various Proceedings in Iran A. Proceedings of Iranian Plant Protection Congresses (IPPC). Results of research work on Thysanoptera in Iran appear in Proceedings of the Iranian Plant Protection Congresses beginning from the 10th Congress in 1991 onward. All of these contributions are abstracts which constitute a majority of Iranian publications on thrips. Language of the Proceedings. The Proceedings of the 1st (1968) and 5th (1974) Congresses have abstracts in English (or French) bound together with the separately printed abstracts in Persian.

Proceedings of the 2nd Congress (1969) has each abstract (or sometimes full text) in Persian followed by abstract in English (or French). Proceedings of the 3rd Congress (1970) contains all papers published in full (with complete text in Persian), bound together with the separately printed abstracts in English (or French). Proceedings of the 6th (1977) to 17th (2006) Congresses contain abstracts in English and Persian. Abstracts on Thysanoptera in Proceedings of Iranian Plant Protection Congresses. Most of the primary publications on Thysanoptera originating from Iran have appeared in the Proceedings of these Congresses (Table 2 on p. 88, xviii). 95 abstracts on or related to studies on Thysanoptera have been published in Proceedings of Iranian Plant Protection Congresses, beginning from 1991 (1 abstract), 1993 (3 abstracts), 1995 (2), 1998 (6), 2000 (25), 2002 (26), 2004 (22 abstracts), 2006 (10 abstracts).


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Proc. 10th Plant Prot. Congr. of Iran 1991. [1 abstract]. p. 88 (English), 88 (Persian). — 178 Shishehbor 1991. Proc. 11th Plant Prot. Congr. of Iran 1993. [3 abstracts]. p. 106 (English), 106 (Persian). — 18 Al-e-Mansoor & Ahmadi 1993. p. 147 (English), 145 (Persian). — 174 Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1993. p. 204 (English), 197 (Persian). — 172 Said-Pour & Daneshvar 1993. Proc. 12th Iranian Plant Prot. Congr. 1995. [2 abstracts]. p. 340 (English), p. 340 (Persian). — 12 Alavi & Kamali 1995. p. 341 (English), p. 341 (Persian). — 155 Mortazaviha 1995. Proc. 13th Iranian Plant Prot. Congr. 1998. [6 abstracts]. p. 110 (English), p. 110 (Persian). — 6 Akbarzadeh shokat, Shayesteh, & Mostaan 1998. p. 111 (English), p. 111 (Persian). — 4 Akbarzadeh shokat & Rezwani 1998. p. 126 (English), p. 126 (Persian). — 153 Mojeni & Alavi 1998. p. 156 (English), p. 156 (Persian). — 150 Mohiseni, Kamali, & Alavi 1998. p. 166 (English), p. 166 (Persian). — 145 Mohagery, Fathizadeh, & Tabibnejad 1998. p. 211 (English), p. 211 (Persian). — 48 Cheraghian & Hojat 1998. Proc. 14th Iranian Plant Prot. Congr. 2000. [25 abstracts]. p. 9 (English), p. 9 (Persian). — 98 Kamangar & Rajabi 2000. p. 15 (English), p. 15 (Persian). — 181 Takalloozadeh & Zohdi 2000. p. 16 (English), p. 16 (Persian). — 27 M. R. Bagheri & Radjabi 2000. p. 36 (English), p. 36 (Persian). — 158 Noori, Javan Moghaddam, Hosseini, & Amin 2000. p. 38 (English), p. 38 (Persian). — 94 Javan Moghadam, Noori, Hosseini, & Amin 2000. p. 39 (English), p. 39 (Persian). — 100 A. Khani, Moharramipour, & Hoseini 2000. p. 71 (English), p. 71 (Persian). — 84 Hemmati & Benedictos 2000. p. 72 (English), p. 72 (Persian). — 28 S. Bagheri 2000. p. 146 (English), p. 146 (Persian). — 149 Moharramipour, Kheirandish, & Kamali 2000. p. 208 (English), p. 208 (Persian). — 59 Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan 2000b. p. 227 (English), p. 227 (Persian). — 7 Alavi 2000. p. 237 (English), p. 237 (Persian). — 144 Mirkarimi 2000. p. 250 (English), p. 250 (Persian). — 37 S. Bagheri & Mosadegh 2000. p. 281 (English), p. 281 (Persian). — 20 Alichi & Minaei 2000. p. 287 (English), p. 287 (Persian). — 49 Dordaie, Sadaghian, & Nikdel 2000. p. 297 (English), p. 297 (Persian). — 47 Cheraghian & Barimani Varandi 2000. p. 313 (English), p. 313 (Persian). — 60 Etebari, Jalali, & Tak Sokhan 2000c. p. 320 (English), p. 320 (Persian). — 2 Afshari, Mossadegh, & Kamali 2000. p. 336 (English), p. 336 (Persian). — 129 Minaei & Alichi 2000a. p. 337 (English), p. 337 (Persian). — 130 Minaei & Alichi 2000b. p. 341 (English), p. 341 (Persian). — 73 Gilasian, Moharramipour, & Alavi 2000. p. 354 (English), p. 354 (Persian). — 109 Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000a. p. 355 (English), p. 355 (Persian). — 110 Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000b. p. 359 (English), p. 359 (Persian). — 46 Cheraghian 2000. p. 364 (English), p. 364 (Persian). — 61 Etebari, Jalali, & Tak Sokhan 2000d. Proc. 15th Iranian Plant Prot. Congr. 2002. [26 abstracts]. Suppl., pp. 7–8 (English), p. 13 (Persian). — 91 Jalali Sendi, Hashemi-Nia, & Shojaee 2002. p. 17 (English), p. 28 (Persian). — 169 Rowshandel 2002. pp. 43–44 (English), pp. 74–75 (Persian). — 102 A. Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002.

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p. 44 (English), p. 75 (Persian). — 148 Moharramipour, A. Khani, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2002. p. 44 (English), pp. 75–76 (Persian). — 103 A. Khani, Moharramipour, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002. p. 45 (English), p. 76 (Persian). — 151 Mojeni 2002. p. 56 (English), p. 96 (Persian). — 171 Saeidi, Rezvani, & Nourbakhsh 2002. p. 68 (English), pp. 116–117 (Persian). — 38 S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002a. pp. 68–69 (English), pp. 117–118 (Persian). — 95 Kalafchi, Ebadi, & Mobli 2002. p. 69 (English), p. 118 (Persian). — 39 S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002b. pp. 75–76 (English), pp. 129–130 (Persian). — 26 M. R. Bagheri & Nasr Esfahani 2002. p. 109 (English), p. 184 (Persian). — 8 Alavi 2002. p. 111 (English), pp. 188–189 (Persian). — 154 Moodi 2002. p. 112 (English), p. 190 (Persian). — 132 Minaei & Alichi 2002a. p. 113 (English), pp. 191–192 (Persian). — 53 Etebari 2002. p. 123–124 (English), pp. 201 (Persian). — 162 Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2002. p. 126–127 (English), pp. 218–219 (Persian). — 133 Minaei & Alichi 2002b. p. 181 (English), p. 308 (Persian). — 134 Minaei & Alichi 2002c. pp. 181–182 (English), pp. 308–309 (Persian). — 16 Alavi & zur Strassen 2002. p. 182 (English), pp. 309–310 (Persian). — 55 Etebari & Hesami 2002. pp. 182–183 (English), p. 310 (Persian). — 146 Mohaghegh & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002. p. 183 (English), pp. 310–311 (Persian). — 13 Alavi & Kamali 2002. pp. 183–184 (English), p. 311 (Persian). — 15 Alavi & Mohiseni 2002. p. 184 (English), p. 312 (Persian). — 182 Teraz & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002. p. 206 (English), pp. 347–348 (Persian). — 68 Gheibi, Soleiman nejadian, & Shisheh bor 2002. pp. 206–207 (English), pp. 348–349 (Persian). — 67 Gheibi & Soleiman negadian 2002. Proc. 16th Iranian Plant Prot. Congr. 2004. [22 abstracts]. p. 103 (Persian and English). — 19 Alemansour & Fallahzadeh 2004. p. 106 (Persian and English). — 89 Jafari & Fallahzadeh 2004. p. 108 (Persian and English). — 104 M. Khani, Haghiri, Naghdibadi, & Yazdani 2004. p. 110 (Persian and English). — 9 Alavi 2004a. p. 112 (Persian and English). — 10 Alavi 2004b. p. 160 (Persian and English). — 92 Jalili Moghadam & Azmayesh Fard 2004. p. 161 (Persian and English). — 165 Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2004. p. 182 (Persian and English). — 85 Hosseini & Sirjani 2004. p. 225 (Persian and English). — 180 Taghizadeh, Hosseini, Mojeni, & Amin 2004. p. 235 (Persian and English). — 152 Mojeni 2004. p. 242 (Persian and English). — 51 Emami 2004a. p. 297 (Persian and English). — 112 Khormaly 2004. p. 300 (Persian and English). — 87 Hosseininia & Malkeshy 2004. p. 351 (Persian and English). — 177 Shekerian & Rajabi 2004. p. 354 (Persian and English). — 120 Mansouri, Ebadi, & Mobli 2004. p. 357 (Persian and English). — 24 M. R. Bagheri & Afioni 2004. p. 365 (Persian and English). — 115 Madadi, Kharrazi pakdel, Ashouri, Mohaghegh, & Ahmadi 2004. p. 406 (Persian and English). — 184 Yousefi & Abbasifar 2004. p. 408 (Persian and English). — 52 Emami 2004b. p. 410 (Persian and English). — 11 Alavi & Ahmadi-damghan 2004. p. 424 (Persian and English). — 36 M. R. Bagheri & Heidarzadae 2004. p. 432 (Persian and English). — 160 Nouri Moghadam, Jaliani, Habibi, & Ali Akbar 2004.


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Proc. 17th Iranian Plant Prot. Congr. 2006. [10 abstracts]. p. 34 (Persian and English). — 114 Kosari, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Shojai, & Ostovan 2006. p. 38 (Persian and English). — 173 Salehi, Hadji-zadeh, Baniameri, Sahragard, & Salehi 2006. p. 49 (Persian and English). — 69 Gheibi, Soleymannejadian, & Shishebor 2006. p. 50 (Persian and English). — 117 Madadi, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Ashouri, Mohaghegh neyshabouri, Enkegaard, & Brodsgaard 2006. p. 77 (Persian and English). — 161 Pirafkan, Kamali, Ostovan, & Manzari 2006. p. 78 (Persian and English). — 29 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006. p. 196 (Persian and English). — 77 Hajizadeh 2006. p. 236 (Persian and English). — 166 Rajabi Mazhar & Sadeghi 2006. p. 315 (Persian and English). — 185 Yousefi & Abasifar 2006. p. 392 (Persian and English). — 54 Etebari & Bizhannia 2006.

B. Iranian Journals There are 47 primary references on Thysanoptera published in Iranian journals. These are listed below. These include 38 articles and 9 abstracts / brief reports / scientific notes. 1. Agricultural Science, Tabriz. 6 (3–4): 21–42 (Persian) (42, English abstract). — 80 Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997. 12 (3): 61–66 (Persian), 7 (English abstract). — 137 Minaei, Alichi, & Asadi 2002. 13 (1): 91–100 (Persian), 8 (English abstract). — 81 Hassan zadeh Salmasi, Hejazi, & Rahnemon 2003. 15 (2): 205–221 (Persian), 16 (English abstract). — 63 Fathi, Nori Ganbalani, Farshbaf, Haddad IraniNejad, & Valizadeh 2005. 2. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, Tehran. (successor to Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées). Vol. 61 (1–2): 36 (English), 134–135 (Persian). (Short Report). — 42 Bassiri, Sarvi, & Sarafrazi 1994. Vol. 62 (1–2): 1–12 (Persian), 1–3 (English abstract, references). — 175 Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1995. Vol. 70 (2): 33–34 (English), 138–139 (Persian). (Short Report). — 71 Ghotbi, Gilasian, & Shahraeen 2003. Vol. 73 (2): 105–123 (Persian), 39–41 (English abstract, references). — 127 Mehrnejad & Panahi 2006. 3. Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées, Tehran. No. 14: 1–80 (Persian), 1–21 (French). — (14) Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1954. No. 15: 1–55 (Persian), 1–20 (French). — (15) Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1955. No. 18: 62–75 (English). — (36) Salavatian 1959. No. 45: 8–13 (German), 29–31 (Persian). — 156 Mortazawiha & Dern 1977. Vol. 56 (No. 1–2): 75–91 (Persian), 25 (English summary). — 111 Kheyri 1989. 4. Iran Agricultural Research, Shiraz. 4 (2): 89–97 (English) (89, English and Persian abstract). — 186 Zareh 1985. 20 (1): 53–66 (English) (54, Persian abstract). — 136 Minaei, Alichi, & Ahmadi 2001. 5. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Karaj. 31 (3): 486–495 (Persian) (495, English summary). — 58 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 2000a. 36 (6): 1465–1477 (Persian), 18 (English summary). — 97 Kalafchi, Mobli, Ebadi, & Rezaei 2006. 6. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, Tehran. 2 (2): 171–190 (Persian), 221 (English abstract). — 35 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Yousef Naanaie 2005.

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4 (1): 39 (Persian), 40 (English). (Short Article). — 30 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006b. 5 (1): 103(Persian), 104 (English). (Short Article). — 31 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2007. 7. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, Shiraz. 7 (2): 67–76 (Persian), 1 (English abstract). — 82 Hatami, Khajeh Ali, Mobli, & Sabzalian 2006. 8. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, Tehran. 39 (1–2): 106–107 (Persian), 28–29 (English). (Short Report). — 167 Rasoulpour & Izadpanah 2003. 9. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan. 11 (2): 87–94 (Persian)) (94, English abstract). — 101 A. Khani, Moharramipur, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2004. 12 (6): 171–180 (Persian) (180, English abstract). — 118 Mahghari & Ostovan 2006. 10. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology (JAST), Tehran. 8 (2): 133–139 (English) (139, Persian abstract). — 5 Akbarzadeh Shoukat & Shayesteh 2006. 11. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran (JESI), Tehran. (14 publications). 6 (1–2): 3–8 (p. 3, French; localities on pp. 4–8 in Persian). — 41 Barkhordari, Samet, & Farzaneh 1981. 18 (1–2): 45 (English), 26 (Persian). (Scientific Note). — 57 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 1999b. 19 (1–2): 107–108 (Persian, English). (Scientific Note). — 124 Manzari & Golmohammadzadeh-khiaban 2000. 20 (1): 1–24 (Persian) (24, English abstract). — 66 Ghahhari & Hatami 2000. 20 (2): 33–45 (Persian) (45, English abstract). — 131 Minaei & Alichi 2001. 21 (2): 87–100 (Persian) (100, English abstract). — 90 Jalali Sendi, Hasheminia, Etebari, & Shojaee 2001. 23 (1): 111–112 (Persian, English). (Scientific Note). — 76 Haghighian & Sadeghi 2003. 23 (2): 1–14 (Persian) (14, English abstract). — 62 Etebari & Matindoost 2004. 23 (2): 117–118 (Persian, English). (Scientific Note). — 138 Minaei & Asadi 2004. 24 (2): 151–152 (Persian, English). (Scientific Note). — 78 Hasani & Fallahzadeh 2005. 25 (2): 45–62 (Persian) (45–46, English abstract). — 116 Madadi, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Ashouri, & Mohaghegh Neyshabouri 2006. 26 (1): 73–91 (Persian) (73–74, English abstract). — 113 Kosari & Kharazi-Pakdel 2006. 27 (1): 1–28 (English) (Persian, English abstract). — 17 Alavi, zur Strassen, & Bagherani 2007. 27 (1): 29–36 (English). — 142 Minaei, Azemayesh Fard, & Mound 2007b. 12. Newsletter of Entomological Society of Iran, Tehran. (These are brief reports). No. 2: 2 (Persian). (brief report). — 56 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 1999a. No. 2: 2 (Persian). (brief report). — 123 Manzari & Golmohammadzadeh-khiaban 1999. No. 3: 2 (Persian). (brief report). — 121 Manzari 1999. No. 12: 2 (Persian). (brief report). — 93 Javadi 2002. No. 21: 2 (Persian). (brief report). — 122 Manzari 2004. 13. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi (in Agronomy & Horticulture), Tehran. No. 68: 2–8 (Persian) (2, English abstract). — 99 Keyhanian, Taghizadeh, Taghaddosi, & Khajehzadeh 2005. No. 72: 15–17 (Persian) (15, English abstract). — 157 Namvar & Kheirandish 2006. 14. Scientific Journal of Agriculture (SJA), Ahwaz. 13 (1–2): 3–10 (Persian), 1 (English abstract). — 83 Hemmati 1990.


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C. Symposia, Congresses, Seminars, Proceedings, Conferences (other than IPPC) 19 primary references on Thysanoptera appear in Symposia, Congresses, etc. (other than those in Proceedings of Iranian Plant Protection Congresses). These comprise 3 articles (listed below at No. 12, 14, and 16) and 16 abstracts. 1. Abstracts Book of the 2nd Symposium of Medicinal Plants, 26–27 Jan. 2005, Tehran. p. 51 (English), p. 64 (Persian). — 34 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Mohammadi 2005. p. 52 (English), p. 65 (Persian). — 32 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Behnamfar 2005. 2. Abstracts Book of the 3rd Iranian Congress of Horticultural Science, 1–3 Sept. 2003, Karaj. p. 70 (English), pp. 83–84 (Persian). — 96 Kalafchi, Mobli, & Ebadi 2003. 3. The First Applied–Scientific Seminar on Flower and Ornamental Plants in Iran, 4 Sept. 2001, Mahallat. pp. 16–17 (English), pp. 19–20 (Persian). (Abstract). — 119 Malkeshi, Nasrollahi, & Ardeh 2001. [See also: Proceedings of the 2nd Applied-Scientific Seminar on Flower & Ornamental Plants in Iran, 15–16 Oct. 2003, Mahallat]. 4. First Iranian Congress on Crop Production and Breeding, 6–9 Sep. 1993, Karaj. p. 25 (Persian). (abstract). — 22 Azmayesh Fard & Faridi 1993. 5. Proceedings of the National Congress in Sustainable Development of Medicinal Plants (NCSDMP), 27–29 July, 2005, Mashhad. pp. 243–244 (Persian) (244, English abstract). — 105 Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005a. pp. 245–246 (Persian) (246, English abstract). — 106 Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005b. 6. Proceedings of the First National Congress on Grape, 16–18 Sept. 2000, Gazvin. p. 8 (Persian), p. 8 (English). (abstract). — 3 Akbarzadeh Shoukat 2000. 7. Proceedings of the 2nd Applied-Scientific Seminar on Flower & Ornamental Plants in Iran, 15–16 Oct. 2003, Mahallat. p. 3 (English), p. 3 (Persian). (abstract). — 86 Hosseinynia & Malkeshi 2003. [See also: The First Applied–Scientific Seminar on Flower and Ornamental Plants in Iran, 4 Sept. 2001, Mahallat]. 8. Proceedings of the 2nd National Plant Protection Conference on Forests and Rangelands (In Forests and Afforestations), 27–28 Feb. 2002, Tehran. p. 3 (Persian). (abstract). — 128 Minaei 2002. pp. 15–16 (Persian). (abstract). — 33 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Kajbaf-vala 2002. 9. Proceedings of the 3rd National Symposium on Saffron. 2–3 Dec. 2003, Mashhad. pp. 157–167 (Persian), (167, English abstract). — 164 Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003. 10. Proceedings of 6th Iranian Congress on Crop Production and Plant Breeding, 3–6 Sep. 2000, Babolsar. p. 20 (Persian). (abstract). — 159 Nouri Moghadam, Habibi, Aftabi, Akbari Noshad, Mortazawibak, & M. R. Bagheri 2000. 11. Proceedings of the 7th Iranian Crop Sciences Congress, Aug. 24–26, 2002, Karaj. p. 689 (Persian). (abstract). — 64 Fathi Hafshejani, Abbasifar, Hemmati, & Yousefi 2002.

116


12. Proceedings of the 10th Iranian Biological Congress, 3–5 Sep. 2001, Shiraz. pp. 291–294 (Persian, summary p. 291). — 147 Moharramipour, Gilasian, Alavi, Talebi, & Fathipour 2001. 13. Proceedings of the 11th Iranian Conference of Biology, 23–25 Aug. 2003, Urmia. p. 308 (Persian), p. 650 (English). (abstract). — 25 M. R. Bagheri, Alavi, & Nematollahi 2003. 14. Proceedings of National Symposium on Access Methods to Improve Production and Export Development of Ornamental Plants in Iran, Oct. 2006, Mahallat. pp. 91–96 (Persian). — 88 Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006. 15. Second National Conference on Optimum Utilization of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides in Agriculture, 2000, Karaj. p. 12 (Persian). (abstract). — 125 Mashhadi Jafarlo & Malkeshi 2000. 16. Summary of the First Iranian Tobacco and Cigarette Seminar, 13–15 June 1971, Rezayeh. pp. 174–182 (Persian), 24–25 (French summary). — 179 Chodjai 1971.

Thysanoptera in Iranian Publications

117

Thysanoptera in Iranian Publications Species of Thysanoptera were first reported from Iran by Afshar (1938) in his book on pests of crops etc. in Iran. Afshar reported 3 species of thrips as pests in Iran. Iranian publications subsequent to Afshar, and before 1977, added 4 more species to the Iran list: Haplothrips tritici, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, Phloeothrips oryzae, Taeniothrips frici. Thus, during this period, a total of 7 species of Thysanoptera were made known through five Iranian publications (Afshar 1938, Kiriukhin 1947, Davatchi 1949, 1954, Shodjai 1971).

Publications until 1971

Publications until 1971 reported 22 species from Iran, of which 15 species were added to the Iran fauna by scientists from outside Iran: Thrips iranicus and Thrips pistaciae by Yakhontov (1951: 515–516), Haplothrips inoptatus, H. iraniensis, H. reuteri, Neoheegeria persica, Odontothrips phlomidinus, Oxythrips wiltshirei, Taeniothrips meridionalis, Taenio. persimilis, Thrips fraudulentus, and Thrips physapus by Priesner (1954: 49–57), Liothrips jakhontovi by Kreutzberg (1955: 95–98), Chirothrips molestus by zur Strassen (1963: 408), Frankliniella dampfi by Bournier & Couilloud (1969: 213–217). The references of the first reports of these 22 species in Iran are given below with each species, and on pages 118–119. Chirothrips molestus Priesner, — zur Strassen 1963, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 44 (5): 408. Frankliniella dampfi Priesner, — Bournier & Couilloud 1969, Coton et Fibres Tropicales, 24 (2): 213, 216– 217. Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom), — Afshar 1938, Pests of Summer Crops, p. 8. Haplothrips inoptatus Priesner, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 56–57. Haplothrips iraniensis Priesner, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 55–56. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny), — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 55. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov), — Davatchi 1949, Important Pests of Field Crops, pp. 255–256. Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché), — Shodjai 1971, Les animaux nuisibles du tabac, p. 178 (In: Summary of First Iranian Tobacco and Cigarette Seminar). Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg, — Kreutzberg 1955: Entomologitcheskoe Obozrenie, 34: 95–98. Neoheegeria persica Priesner, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 54–55. Odontothrips phlomidinus Priesner, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 50–51. Oxythrips wiltshirei Priesner, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 49–50. Phloeothrips oryzae Matasumura, — Davatchi 1954, Insects Pests in Iran, 1: p. 31. Taeniothrips fraudulentus Priesner, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 52–53. Taeniothrips frici (Uzel), — Kiriukhin 1947, Subtropical Pests of Plants in Iran, pp. 8, 78. Taeniothrips meridionalis Priesner, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 53. Taeniothrips persimilis Priesner, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 51–52. Thrips flavus Schrank, — Afshar 1938, Pests of Summer Crops, p. 8. Thrips iranicus Yakhontov, — Yakhontov 1951, Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 31 (3–4): 516. Thrips physapus Linnaeus, — Priesner 1954, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 54.

118


Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov, — Yakhontov 1951, Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 31 (3–4): 515–516. Thrips tabaci Lindeman, — Afshar 1938, Pests of Summer Crops, p. 8.

In 1975, another three species were added to the Iran fauna (zur Strassen 1975a, b): Ascirtothrips arya zur Strassen, — zur Strassen 1975, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 56 (4–6): 260–263. Ascirtothrips taghizadehi zur Strassen, — zur Strassen 1975, Senckenbergiana Biologica, 56 (4–6): 274–276. Haplothrips kermanensis zur Strassen, — zur Strassen 1975, Entomologische Zeitschrift, 85 (13): 138–143.

1977 and after

The active involvement of zur Strassen with the identifications of thrips from Iran, 1973 onward, over a period of more than three decades (see pages 167–168) resulted in the addition of a large number of species to the documented thrips fauna of Iran. Thus, the first consolidated list of Thysanoptera of Iran is given by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977), who added 17 species to the fauna of Iran. Before this publication, 25 species of thrips were known from Iran. Table 5. Species of Thysanoptera known from Iran before 1977 (25 species). Ascirtothrips arya Ascirtothrips taghizadehi Chirothrips molestus Frankliniella dampfi Frankliniella intonsa Haplothrips inoptatus Haplothrips iraniensis Haplothrips kermanensis Haplothrips reuteri

Haplothrips tritici Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis Liothrips jakhontovi Neoheegeria persica Odontothrips phlomidinus Oxythrips wiltshirei Phloeothrips oryzae Taeniothrips frici Taeniothrips meridionalis

Taeniothrips persimilis Thrips flavus Thrips fraudulentus Thrips iranicus Thrips physapus Thrips pistaciae Thrips tabaci

The 1977 publication by Mortazawiha & Dern was followed by other major additions to the Iran fauna, such as by Alavi & Kamali (1995, 2002) who added respectively 20 species and 7 species to Iran fauna and Mortazaviha (1995) who added 15 species to the Iran fauna. Others include Cheraghian & Hojat (1998) who added another 16 species to Iran fauna, Alavi (2000) with 12 species added to Iran fauna, Cheraghian (2000) with addition of 4 species, Minaei & Alichi (2001) with 7 more species, Minaei et al. (2001) with a further 9 species new for Iran, etc. Besides faunistic studies, a big upsurge in the number of publications on other thrips-related subjects was seen in the years 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2006 (see pages 121, 126–139). This was due to the large number of Abstracts published in the Proceedings of the biennial Iranian Plant Protection Congresses (IPPC), of the 14th (2000) to 17th (2006) Congresses [2000 —25 abstracts, 2002 —26 abstracts, 2004 —22 abstracts, 2006 —10 abstracts; see pages 111–113 and Table 6 on page 121]. Afshar, J. 1938. [Pests of Summer Crops, Vegetables, Industrial Plants, and Pastures in Iran and their Control]. 124 pp. General Office of Agriculture, Tehran. (In Persian). Bournier, A. and Couilloud, R. 1969. Les thrips du cotonnier en Iran. Coton et Fibres Tropicales, 24 (2): 211–218. Paris. (In French).


119

Davatchi, A. 1949. [Important Pests of Field Crops and Methods of their Control]. vii + 295 pp. Bongahe Schimiai, Tehran. (In Persian). Davatchi, A. 1954. [Insects Pests in Iran: Grasshoppers and other Pests of Cereals]. Vol. I. 248 pp. Tehran University Press, Tehran. (In Persian). Kiriukhin, G. A. 1947. [The Subtropical Pests of Plants in Iran and the Methods of their Control]. Pp. 1–132. Tehran. (In Persian). Kreutzberg, V. E. 1955. [A new species of thrips (Thysanoptera) injurious to pistachio]. Entomologitcheskoe Obozrenie, 34: 95–98. Moscow. (In Russian). Mortazawiha, A. & Dern, R. 1977. Ein Beitrag zur Thysanopterenfauna des Irans. Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées, No. 45: 8–13. Evin, Tehran. (In German). Priesner, H. 1954. On some Thysanoptera from Persia. Annals & Magazine of Natural History, (12) 7: 49–57. London. Shojai, M. 1971. Les animaux nuisibles du tabac et l’importance de leurs études faunestiques et bioécologique en Iran. Pp. 174–182. In: Omidvar, A. M. (ed.), Summary of the First Iranian Tobacco and Cigarette Seminar, 13–15 June 1971. Iranian Tobacco Company, Tehran. (In Persian). Yakhontov, V. V. 1951. Two new species of Thrips from Iran. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 31 (3–4): 515–516. Moscow. (In Russian). zur Strassen, R. 1963. Beschreibung neuer und seltener Chirothrips-Arten (Ins., Thysanoptera, Thripidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 44 (5): 397–416. (In German). zur Strassen, R. 1975a. Eremophile Blütenbewohner der Fransenflüglergattung Ascirtothrips Priesner 1964 (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 44 (5): 408. (In German). zur Strassen, R. 1975b. Eine neue Haloxylon-bewohnende Haplothrips–Art aus dem südlichen Iran (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift, 85 (13) : 137–143.

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Thysanoptera in Iranian Publications, 1938 onward — yearwise

1938 (1 secondary reference) Afshar 1938 — book: on pests of crops, etc. Persian. Ref. (1).

.

Three species of thrips are recorded in Iran: Thrips tabaci, Thrips flavus, Frankliniella intonsa. This is the first report of species of Thysanoptera in Iran.

1947 (1 secondary reference) (Kiriukhin 1947 — book: on subtropical pests of plants in Iran). Persian. Ref. (27). Taeniothrips frici is reported as a pest of tung in Shahi. This is the first finding of the species in Iran.

1949 (1 secondary reference) (Davatchi 1949 — book: on pests of field crops). Persian. Ref. (11). Two species of thrips in Iran are dealt with: Thrips tabaci and Haplothrips tritici. This is the first report of H. tritici in Iran.

1954 (2 secondary references) (Davatchi 1954 — book: on insect pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (12). Two species of thrips are noted: Phloeothrips oryzae on rice in Babol in Mazadaran and Haplothrips tritici. P. oryzae is reported from Iran for the first time. (Davatchi & F. Taghizadeh 1954 — journal article: on insect pests of citrus in Iran). Persian, French. Ref. (14). Taenothrips frici is listed among insects attacking orange.

1955 (1 secondary reference) (Davatchi & F. Taghizadeh 1955 — journal article: on insect pests of cotton in Iran). Persian, French. Ref. (15). Thrips flavus is listed as one of the pests of cotton.

1958 (1 secondary reference) (Davatchi 1958 — journal article: on insect fauna on Pistacia). French. Ref. (13). Three species of thrips on Pistacia in Iran are noted: Thrips pistaciae, T. iranicus, Liothrips jakhontovi.

1959 (1 secondary reference) (Salavatian 1959 — journal article: list of pests of cotton, kenaf, and other crops). English. Ref. (36). There is one species of thrips in the list: Thrips tabaci.

1960 (1 secondary reference) (F. Taghizadeh & Safavi 1960 — book: on pests of pistachio in Iran). Persian. Ref. (41). Three species of thrips on Pistacia in Iran are noted: Thrips pistaciae, T. iranicus, Liothrips jakhontovi.

1961 (1 secondary reference) (Farahbakhsh 1961 — book: checklist of economically important insects, etc.). English. Ref. (18). Lists 9 species of Thysanoptera. Aeolothrips sp., on sugar beet in Karaj and Varamin, is the first report of the genus in Iran.

121


Table 6. Iranian publications on thrips, or containing information on thrips, 1938 onward. Year

primary references complete papers

secondary references

abstracts, etc.

1938 1947 1949

– – –

– – –

1 1 1

1954 1955 1958 1959 1960

– – – – –

– – – – –

2 1 1 1 1

1961 1968 1970

– – –

– – –

1 2 1

1971 1975 1977 1980

1 – 1 1

– – – –

– 1 – 2

1981 1982 1983 1984 1985

1 – – 1 1

– – – – –

– 2 1 1 –

1988 1989 1990

– 1 1

– – –

1 1 1

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995

– – – – 1

1 – 4 1 2

1 1 – 1 –

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

– 1 – – 2

– – 6 4 29

2 – – – 1

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

6 2 8 3 8 10 9

1 30 6 24 4 13 4

2 1 3 2 7 1 –

58

129

45

Total

122


1968 (2 secondary references) (Gharib & Zonouzi 1968 — book: on pests of vegetables). Persian. Ref. (20). Information on Thrips tabaci, found on vegetables in the field and in greenhouses; damage, characters, biology, control. Wilson et al. 1968 — Unpublished project report. This has been cited as a reference in Mortazawiha & Dern (1977). Caliothrips impurus is found on lentil in low population in Karaj and Qazvin. Insecticide trials were done on the species. Although this is the first finding of C. impurus in Iran, Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) is the first published report of this species in Iran. (Zahedi 1968 — book: on pests of summer crops in Iran). Persian, Italian. Ref. (42). Information on Thrips tabaci, characters, biology, distribution, damage, control.

1970 (1 secondary reference) (Javan Moghadam & Zonouzi 1970 — booklet: on cotton thrips, Thrips tabaci). Persian. Ref. (23). Distribution, host plants, characters, biology, and damage to host plant are given.

1971 (1 primary reference) Shojai 1971 — proceedings article: on pests of tobacco in Iran. Persian (summary in French). Ref. 179. Includes three species of Thysanoptera: Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella sp., Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis. This is the first report of H. haemorrhoidalis in Iran.

1975 (1 secondary reference) (Farahbakhch & Moini 1975 — book: on olive pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (19). Two species of thrips on olive are listed, but these are from outside Iran: Hercothrips fasciatus, Liothrips oleae.

1977 (1 primary reference) Mortazawiha & Dern 1977 — journal article. German (with Persian abstract, comprising literature review and thrips in agriculture). Ref. 156. This first consolidated list of Thysanoptera of Iran includes 35 species. 26 species of thrips collected by the authors are reported from 4 provinces of Iran: Markazi, “Gorgan”, Mazandaran, Kerman. 22 of these species were collected in Markazi province, where the authors were located. 17 species represent first reports for Iran.

1980 (1 primary reference, 2 secondary references) (Anonymous 1980 — booklet: on pests, diseases, and weeds of crops and fruit trees). French, Persian. Ref. (3). 7 species of Thysanoptera are listed among pest species. (Dastgheyb Beheshti 1980 — book: on insect pests of cold fruit trees in Esfahan). Persian. Ref. (10). Thrips tabaci, on field crops and most of fruit trees. Fazeli 1980 — booklet: on pests and diseases of cotton in Khorasan province. Persian. [This reference was not available]. Ref. 65.

1981 (1 primary reference) Barkhordari, Samet, & Farzaneh 1981 — journal article: insects and acarine fauna of Tamarix in Iran. French, Persian. Ref. 41. Liothrips reuteri is listed among the insects found on Tamarix in Jiroft.


123

1982 (2 secondary references) (Behdad 1982 — book: on pests of field crops in Iran, 1st edition; 2nd edition, Behdad 1989). Persian. Ref. (5). Eleven species of Thysanoptera are listed as pests on field crops. (Naeem 1982 — book: on entomology). Persian. Ref. (33). Two species of Thysanoptera are included as pests of field crops: Haplothrips tritici, Thrips tabaci.

1983 (1 secondary reference) (Esmaili 1983 — book: on pests of fruit trees). Persian. (Reprinted 1991, 1993, 1996). Ref. (16). Eight species of thrips are dealt with, 4 of which are first reports from Iran: Chaetanaphothrips sp., Drepanothrips reuteri, Frankliniella cephalica, Scirtothrips citri.

1984 (1 primary reference, 1 secondary reference) Abai 1984 — book: list of pests of forest trees and shrubs of Iran. English, Persian. (2nd edition 2000). Ref. 1. Based on actual collections of pests from different parts of Iran, 5 named species of Thysanoptera, and unidentified species of Thrips from 3 different genera of plants are listed. (Behdad 1984 — book: on pests of fruit crops in Iran). Persian. Ref. (6). Three species of thrips are included among pests of pistachio: Thrips pistaciae, T. iranicus, Liothrips jakhontovi. One species (Taeniothrips frici) is listed in pests of citrus trees.

1985 (1 primary reference) Zareh 1985 — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 186. Six cotton cultivars are evaluated for their resistance to leafhoppers (Empoasca spp.) and thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman).

1988 (1 secondary reference) (Behdad 1988 — book: on pests and diseases of forest trees and shrubs and ornamental plants in Iran). Persian. Ref. (7). Five species of thrips are listed: Thrips iranicus, T. pistaciae, T. tabaci, Liothrips jakhontovi, L. reuteri.

1989 (1 primary reference, 1 secondary reference) (Behdad 1989 — book: on pests of field crops in Iran; 2nd edition of Behdad 1982). Persian. Ref. (5a). Kheyri 1989 — journal article: inventory of pests of sugar-beet in Iran. Persian (summary in English). Ref. 111. Thrips tabaci is listed as an important pest of sugar-beet in Karaj, Khorasan, and Fars. (Shojai 1989 — book: on entomology, vol. 3). Persian. Ref. (40). One species of thrips, Aeolothrips intermedius, has been collected as predator of poplar leaf aphid.

1990 (1 primary reference, 1 secondary reference) Hemmati 1990 — journal article: insect fauna on grapevine in Khuzestan province. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 83. Retithrips sp. was found on grapevine leaves during survey of insect fauna on grapevine. (Rahmani & Khalili 1990 — booklet: control methods for pests and diseases of grape). Persian. Ref. (34). Thrips flavus attacks grapes in the north of Khorasan; brief information on its characters, damage, biology, and control is given.

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1991 (1 primary reference, 1 secondary reference) (Esmaili, Mirkarimi, & Azmayesh Fard 1991 — book: on agricultural entomology: destructive insects, mites, etc.). Persian. Ref. (17). 8 species of Thysanoptera are noted. This includes the first report of Taeniothrips simplex in Iran. Shishehbor 1991 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 178. Study of population dynamics of Tetranychus turkestani and reduction of its population by Scolothrips sexmaculatus on castor bean in southwestern Iran. This is the first report of S. sexmaculatus from Iran.

1992 (1 secondary reference) (Zahedi 1992 — book: on pests of summer crops and ornamental plants in Iran). Persian. Ref. (43). Includes two species of thrips: Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis observed on tuberose in a greenhouse in Karaj, and Thrips tabaci found especially in northern parts of Iran.

1993 (4 primary references) Al-e-Mansoor & Ahmadi 1993 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 18. Scolothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is listed as a predator of cotton whitefly. Azmayesh Fard & Faridi 1993 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 22. Field studies on damage and population density of wheat thrips on three varieties of wheat and two varieties of barley were carried out in Karaj and Zanjan. Said-Pour & Daneshvar 1993 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 172. Scolothrips sp. is noted as one of the predators of the fig mite Eotetranychus hirsti in Fars and Tehran provinces. Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1993 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 174. Seasonal population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci on potato in Daran district (Isphahan) was studied. (see also Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1995, Ref. 175).

1994 (1 primary reference, 1 secondary reference) Bassiri, Sarvi, & Sarafrazi 1994 — short report. Persian, English. Ref. 42. Anaphothrips is reported on leaves of corn in Shiraz and Marvdasht. (Modarres Awal 1994 — book: List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran). Persian. Ref. (30). 39 species of Thysanoptera are listed.

1995 (3 primary references) Alavi & Kamali 1995 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 12. Faunistic survey of phytophagous and predatory Thysanoptera from Bojnourd. 35 species are reported, of which 20 species are new for Iran fauna. Mortazaviha 1995 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 155. 15 species of Thysanoptera new for the fauna of Iran are listed. Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1995 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 175. Seasonal population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci on potato in Daran district (Isphahan) was studied. (see also Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1993, Ref. 174).


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1996 (2 secondary references) (Behdad 1996 — book: Iran phytomedicine encyclopedia on plant pests and diseases and weeds). Persian. Ref.(8). 34 species of thrips in three families are listed. (see also Behdad 1982, 1984, 1988). (Salavatian 1996 — book: plant quarantine in Iran (pests, diseases and weeds)). English.. Ref. (37). One species of Thysanoptera is reported as internal plant quarantine element in Iran, and 3 species are reported as external plant quarantine elements.

1997 (1 primary reference) Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 80. Survey of the insect fauna of onion fields in East Azarbaijan province showed that Thrips tabaci is found to be the most prevalent insect pest. Aeolothrips fasciatus and Orius niger are the dominant predatory species in T. tabaci colonies. Seven species of Thysanoptera were collected.

1998 (6 primary references) Akbarzadeh shokat & Rezwani 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 4. Four species of thrips were found in vineyards in West Azarbaidjan. Rubiothrips vitis was the predominant species. Akbarzadeh shokat, Shayesteh, & Mostaan 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 6. Biology of Rubiothrips vitis in vine-growing areas of Western Azarbaidjan was studied. Cheraghian & Hojat 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 48. 43 species of Thysanoptera collected from Ahwaz region in Khuzestan are listed. 16 of these species are new for Iran fauna. Mohagery, Fathizadeh, & Tabibnejad 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 145. Holarthrothrips josephi and Liothrips sp. are reported on date palms in Khuzestan province. Mohiseni, Kamali, & Alavi 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 150. 6 species of Thysanoptera are reported from Albizia lebbek and citrus in Ahwaz. Mojeni & Alavi 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 153. Dendrothrips was found causing damage to olive in Gorgan and Gonbad regions.

1999 (4 primary references) Etebari, Jalali, & Tak-sokhan 1999a — short note. Persian. Ref. 56. Pseudodendrothrips mori is reported from mulberry trees of Gilan province, and is new for Iran fauna. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak-sokhan 1999b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 57. Pseudodendrothrips mori is major pest of mulberry orchards of Guilan province. Its biology is briefly described. Manzari 1999 — short note. Persian. Ref. 121. Two species of thrips, new to the fauna of Iran, are reported from Sistan area in Sistan-Baluchestan province: Scolothrips indicus, Chirothrips pedestris. Manzari & Gol-mohammadzadeh 1999 — short note. Persian. Ref. 123. Thrips hawaiiensis is reported on flowers of banana in Kahir and Uraky in Sistan-Baluchestan province, new for Iran fauna.

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2000 (32 primary references, 1 secondary reference) Abaii 2000 — book: lists pests of forest trees and shrubs of Iran; 2nd edition of Abai 1984. English, Persian. Ref. 1a. Lists 5 named species of Thysanoptera, besides unidentified species of Thrips from 4 different genera of plants. Afshari, Mossadegh, & Kamali 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 2. Three species of Scolothrips are found as predators of Tetranychid mites in field crops and orchards in Khuzestan Province. (Akbari Noshad 2000 — booklet: on onion thrips). Persian. Ref. (2). Characters, biology, damage, control of Thrips tabaci. Akbarzadeh Shoukat 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 3. Seasonal population dynamics of grape thrips Rubiothrips vitis in Orumieh vineyards was studied. Alavi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 7. Thysanoptera fauna on wheat and barley in Golestan Province. 34 species are reported, 12 of which are new records for Iran fauna. Alichi & Minaei 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 20. Retithrips syriacus is reported injurious to leaves of grape in vineyards of Shiraz. M.R. Bagheri & Radjabi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 27. Evaluation of damage caused to wheat by Haplothrips tritici and the effect of conventional sprayings against Sunn pest on the reduction of thrips population have been studied. S. Bagheri 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 28. Three onion cultivars were tested in Dezful in respect of infestation and tolerance to Thrips tabaci. S. Bagheri & Mosadegh 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 37. Natural enemies of Thrips tabaci were studied in onion fields of Khuzestan province. Six species of insects were found as predators on the thrips, including one species of thrips (Aeolothrips collaris). Cheraghian 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 46. Intensive survey for detection of quarantine pests in different regions of Iran resulted in the finding of 4 species of thrips for the first time in Iran: Dendrothrips phyllireae, Haplothrips vuilleti, Indothrips bhushani, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus. Cheraghian & Barimani Varandi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 47. As a result of intensive survey for detection of quarantine pests, 9 species of thrips were identified. Three of these species are reported from Iran for the first time: Aeolothrips insularis, Mycterothrips latus, Haplothrips andresi. Dordaie, Sadaghian, & Nikdel 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 49. Three species of Thripidae are listed among insects causing damage to poplar, Populus alba: Anaphothrips sp., Parthenothrips sp., Stenothrips sp. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan 2000a — journal article. Persian (summary in English). Ref. 58. Investigation of host preference of Pseudodendrothrips mori on 4 improved varieties of mulberry in northern Iran. (see also Ref. 59 below). Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan 2000b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 59. Investigation on host preference of Pseudodendrothrips mori on 4 improved varieties of mulberry in northern Iran. (see also Ref. 58 above).


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Etebari, Jalali, & Tak Sokhan 2000c — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 60. Effect of pruning on the population density mulberry thrips has veen studied. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan 2000d — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 61. Three species of Thysanoptera are reported from mulberry fields in Gilan province: Pseudodendrothrips mori, Thrips tabaci, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, the first of these is the dominant species. Ghahhari & Hatami 2000 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 66. Two species of predator thrips are reported among natural enemies of whiteflies in Isfahan Province: Scolothrips longicornis, Aeolothrips collaris. Gilasian, Moharramipour, & Alavi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 73. Faunistic survey of Thysanoptera on field crops, ornamental plants, and weeds in Gorgan resulted in the finding of 26 species of Thysanoptera, 5 of which are new for Iran fauna. Hemmati & Benedictos 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 84. 131 accessions of local Iranian onions from National Plant Gene Bank of Iran were evaluated for resistance to Thrips tabaci under natural infestation in Karadj fields. Partial adaptation of the Iranian accessions to onion thrips is indicated. Javan Moghadam, Noori, Hosseini, & Amin 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 94. Experiments were carried for the control of Thrips tabaci on primary stages of cotton seedlings, using seed disinfectation method. Antisepticing cotton seed with Larvin and Gaucho was found effective in preventing thrips damage in the primary stages of growth. Kamangar & Rajabi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 98. Reduction of population density of wheat thrips was studied, using insecticides commonly applied against Sunn pest. Spraying against Sunn pest caused 38 to 60% mortality in the population of wheat thrips. Differences between the treatments were not significant in respect of yield and thousand kernel weight, but were significant for the seeds per spike. Khani A., Moharramipour, & Hoseini 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 100. Thrips tabaci is reported as an important pest of cotton in Kashmar causing severe damage on cotton seedlings in 1999. Population density of the thrips was determined. High population of hibernated adult insects was found on crop plants and weeds during autumn and winter. Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000a — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 109. 6 species of Phlaeothripidae are recorded as new for Kerman fauna, three of which are new for Iran fauna. Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000b — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 110. 29 species of Terebrantian Thysanoptera are reported, all of which are new records for Kerman fauna. four of these species are new for Iran fauna. Manzari & Golmohammadzadeh-Khiaban 2000 — short note. Persian. Ref. 124. Thrips hawaiiensis is reported on banana plantations in Kahir and Uraky in Sistan-Baluchestan province, new for Iran fauna. Mashhadi Jafarlo & Malkeshi 2000 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 125. Study on the efficiency of predatory bugs Orius spp., and use of insecticide (endosulfan) for the control of Thrips tabaci in onion fields in East Azarbaijan province. Minaei & Alichi 2000a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 129. 18 species of Thysanoptera are reported, all new records from Fars Province. Minaei & Alichi 2000b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 130. 5 species of predatory thrips are reported from Fars Province.

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Mirkarimi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 144. Experiments were carried out on 10 different varieties of cotton in Varamin so as to evaluate the damage caused by cotton thrips. The factors observed for each variety were: the number of dried plants due to thrips attack, damaged leaf area due to thrips feeding, and average number of thrips population on one plant. Moharramipour, Kheirandish, & Kamali 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 149. Population dynamics was studied on three species of phytophagous thrips (Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella intonsa, Haplothrips reuteri) and one species of predatory thrips (Aeolothrips intermedius) in two cultivars of rose in Kerman province. Noori, Javan Moghaddam, Hosseini, & Amin 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 158. Population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci was studied on cotton in cotton growing areas of Iran: Varamin (Tehran province), Mashad (Khorasan prov.), and Darab (Fars prov.). Nouri Moghadam, Habibi, Aftabi, Akbari Noshad, Mortazawibak, & M.R. Bagheri 2000 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 159. Tolerance or relative resistance of commercial onion varieties to Thrips tabaci in three regions (Karaj, Tabriz, and Esfahan) was studied. Takalloozadeh & Zohdi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 181. Biology of wheat thrips Haplothrips tritici in Kerman was studied under field and laboratory conditions. The population density of H. tritici has increased in recent years in wheat fields in Kerman.

2001 (7 primary references, 1 secondary reference) (Abivardi 2001 — book: on Iranian Entomology, faunistics and insects of importance in applied entomology). English. Ref. (45). 8 species of economic importance are noted. Three references on faunistic studies on thrips in Iran are listed. Jalali Sendi, Hasheminia, Etebari, & Shojaee 2001 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 90. Seasonal variations in populations of Pseudodendrothrips mori in mulberry orchards of Silk-worm Research Center Passikhan were studied by sampling on three varieties of mulberry. The insect overwintered as adults, and had four generations in a year. The biology of the species was studied by establishing a laboratory culture. Malkeshi, Nasrollahi, & Ardeh 2001 — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 119. Mass production of the predatory bug Orius albidipennis was done in order to control insect and Acari pests, including thrips, on ornamental plants. Three species of Thysanoptera are reported as favorite hosts for the bug: Thrips nr. hawaiiensis, Frankliniella nr. helianthi, Thrips tabaci. Mehrnejad 2001 — journal article, review article. English. Ref. 126. Current status of pistachio pests in Iran is discussed. Two species of thrips are listed among insects which attack pistachio trees in early spring and cause minor damage: Thrips pistaciae, T. iranicus. Minaei & Alichi 2001 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 131. Seven species of Haplothrips from Shiraz region are dealt with. One species, H. subtilissimus, is new for Iran. Minaei, Alichi, & Ahmadi 2001 — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 136. 9 species of Aeolothripidae collected in a survey of Thysanoptera in Fars Province are reported. Data on associated plants and numbers of specimens is also given. Three of these species are first records from Iran.


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(Mohammad Alian, Golmohammadi, Banihashemian, Gholamian, & Taheri 2001 — book: on pests, diseases and weeds of citrus fruits in Iran). Persian. Ref. (31). Scirtothrips citri is noted as a pest of citrus, and a photo of the insect is given. Moharramipour, Gilasian, Alavi, Talebi, & Fathipour 2001 — journal article. Persian. Ref. 147. Biodiversity of Thysanoptera on field crops and ornamental plants in Gorgan was studied. 22 species of thrips are noted, although names of only 9 species are mentioned. Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Moini, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2001 — journal article. English. Ref. 163. Severe leaf and stem necrosis before flowering was observed in potato fields of Firouzkoh, Iran, during summer 1998, the infected plants dying before the end of growing season. High population of Thrips tabaci was observed in August and September. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was detected in affected potatoes by using specific TSWV-IgG in DAS– ELISA and by indicator plant reactions. This is the first report of TSWV occurrence on potatoes in Iran. Mechanical inoculation of indicator plants with leaf extracts of symptomatic potatoes produced necrotic local lesions in 8 other plants, and systemic necrosis in 6 further plant species preceded by systemic chlorotic spots.

2002 (32 primary references, 1 secondary reference) Alavi 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 8. Dendrothrips phyllireae is noted as a pest in olive orchards and nurseries in Golestan province. Alavi & Kamali 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 13. Faunistic survey of Thysanoptera of Bojnourd. Adds 7 species new to Iran. Alavi & Mohiseni 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 15. Psilothrips bimaculatus is newly reported from Iran, found in Ahwaz on Albizia sp. Alavi & zur Strassen 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 16. Faunistic study for thrips on soybean fields in Golestan province. 14 species are reported, including two species new for Iran: Exothrips redox, Haplothrips eragrostidis. M.R. Bagheri & Nasr Esfahani 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 26. Two species of thrips are reported among the insect fauna found on some medicinal plants in Esfahan. S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Kajbaf-vala 2002 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 33. 10 species of Thysanoptera are reported on forest and rangeland plants in Khuzestan province. S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 38. Biology of Thrips tabaci on onion plants, and its occurrence on other plants, was studied in Safi-Abad region of Dezful (Khuzestan province). S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 39. Population fluctuations of Thrips tabaci were studied in Safi-Abad region of Dezful (Khuzestan province). Orius albidipennis was the most important predator. (Behdad 2002 — book: introductory entomology and important plant pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (9). Three species of thrips are mentioned: Haplothrips tritici, Thrips flavus, T. tabaci. Etebari 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 53. Efficiency of sprinkler irrigation for non-chemical control of Pseudodendrothrips mori is investigated. Etebari & Hesami 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 55. Thysanoptera fauna of grape orchards in Isfahan was studied. 10 species are recorded.

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Fathi Hafshejani, Abbasifar, Hemmati, & Yousefi 2002 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 64. Study on 15 native, land races of onion from national gene bank in Iran for their resistance or tolerance to Thrips tabaci in Markazi province. Gheibi & Soleiman negadian 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 67. Biology of Scolothrips longicornis was studied under laboratory conditions, including development time from egg to egg (single generation). The feeding capacity of different age groups of the thrips on Tetranychus turkestani was also studied. Gheibi, Soleiman nejadian, & Shisheh bor 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 68. Functional response and mutual interference of Scolothrips longicornis as predator of Tetranychus turkestani were studied. Jalali Sendi, Hashemi-Nia, & Shojaee 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 91. Seasonal population variations of Pseudodendrothrips mori in different generations in mulberry orchards of Silk-worm Research Center Passikhan were studied. The insect has 4 generations in a year. Javadi 2002 — short note. Persian. Ref. 93. Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis is reported from Kiwi orchard in the west of Mazandaran province. Kalafchi, Ebadi, & Mobli 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 95. Population density and damage of Thrips tabaci on 9 cultivars of onion in Isfahan were studied. A. Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 102. The development time of the different stages of Thrips tabaci on cotton seedlings was studied at different temperatures under controlled conditions of temperature, RH, and photoperiod. A. Khani, Moharramipour, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 103. Within-plant distribution of onion thrips Thrips tabaci on three cotton varieties in Kashmar was studied in the field. Minaei 2002 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 128. Five species of Thysanoptera are reported on oak and hawthorn in forests in Fars Province. Minaei & Alichi 2002a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 132. Three host plants are noted for the vine thrips Retithrips syriacus. Three species of insects, including Aeolothrips intermedius, are identified as predators of R. syriacus. Minaei & Alichi 2002b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 133. Among insect predators of Siphoninus phillyreae (Aleyrodidae) in Shiraz region, three species of thrips are reported: Aeolothrips intermedius, Aeolothrips versicolor, Scolothrips latipennis. Minaei & Alichi 2002c — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 134. Two species of Idolothripinae are reported for the first time from Iran: Megathrips flavipes, Pseudocryptothrips meridionalis. Minaei, Alichi, & Asadi 2002 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 137. 21 species of Thripidae are reported from Shiraz region, three of which are new for Iran: Chirothrips kurdistanus, C. pallidicornis, Odontothrips meliloti. Mohaghegh & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 146. 17 species of Thysanoptera are reported from Yazd. Moharramipour, Khani, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 148. Seasonal population fluctuations of larvae and adults of Thrips tabaci on cotton var. Varamin in Kashmar (Khorasan-e-Razavi province) were evaluated.


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Mojeni 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 151. Population dynamics of Thrips tabaci was studied in cotton fields in Golestan province Moodi 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 154. Two species of thrips are noted among the insect fauna of Chinese date, Zizyphus jujuba, in Birjand area. Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 162. Spread of TSWV on potato plants in Firozkoh (Tehran province) was associated with the presence of Thrips tabaci. ELISA test revealed the presence of TSWV in the thrips and in Trifolium spp. weeds growing close to seed potato fields. Rowshandel 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 169. Biology, economic importance, and host plants of Haplothrips tritici in Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari province. Saeidi, Rezvani, & Nourbakhsh 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 171. Thrips tabaci was identified as the dominant pest species on native bean variety in Lordegan. Since pesticides disrupt both native parasite and predator populations, experiments were carried out by two treatments, spraying with pesticide and spraying without pesticide. Weekly sampling for numbers of thrips during both treatments showed no significant difference between the treatments. Using pesticide against Thrips tabaci on bean in Lordegan is therefore not recommended. Shahraeen, Ghotbi, & Mehraban 2002 — journal article (disease notes). English. Ref. 176. Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) was detected in commercial nurseries and field-grown ornamentals in Mahallat (Markazi province) and in Tehran province of Iran. Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella intonsa were often found at the sites of INSV infection. Teraz & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 182. 26 species of Thysanoptera are listed, resulting from faunistic investigation of Thysanoptera in Jiroft.

2003 (13 primary references, 3 secondary references) Alavi & Kamali 2003 — journal article. English. Ref. 14. This is the third report on the faunistic study on Thysanoptera in Bojnourd region (1993–95). 53 species are included, of which two species are new for Iran: Tenothrips latoides, Thrips vuilleti. Complete collection data of the species are given. Babaie & Izadpanah 2003 — journal article. English. Ref. 23. Along with 23 other species of insects, Thrips tabaci was found to be a non-vector of Eggplant mottled dwarf virus (EMDV), as shown by lack of symptoms on inoculated test plants and negative ELISA results. M.R. Bagheri, Alavi, & Nematollahi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 25. Sampling from different crops in Esfahan province during 1997–2002 resulted in the finding of 7 species of thrips. One species, Aeolothrips versicolor, is stated to be the first record for Iran fauna Bhatti & Telmadarraiy 2003 — proceedings article. English. Ref. 43. A new species of eremophilous thrips from Iran is reported. Bhatti, Telmadarraiy, Kumar, & Tyagi 2003 — journal article. English. Ref. 44. The genus Eremiothrips in Iran is revised, with key to 8 species found in Iran. A new species, Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telmadarraiy, is described from Iran. Bhatti, zur Strassen, & Telmadarraiy 2003 — proceedings article. English. Ref. 45. Check-list of Iranian thrips is provided. 161 species from Iran are listed. 54 references on the faunistics of Iran thrips are given.

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Ghotbi, Gilasian, & Shahraeen 2003 — short report. Persian, English. Ref. 71. On ornamental plants in Markazi and Tehran provinces, three species of thrips tested for detection of Tospoviruses using ELISA tests were found positive for antibodies to TSWV, ToVV, and INSV. (Habibi & Zamani 2003 — book: pests and diseases of maize in Iran, and their integrated management). Persian. Ref. (22). Anaphothrips sp. has been causing damage to maize and sugarcane for a long time, on new germinated plants, feeding on leaves and shoots, resulting in stopping plant growth and causing yellowing and deformation of leaves. It is noted as a more important pest in Fars, Hamedan, and Ghazwin provinces than in other provinces. Haghighian & Sadeghi 2003 — scientific note. Persian, English. Ref. 76. Mycterothrips salicis was collected on Populus alba in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary province. It is new for Iran fauna. Hassan zadeh Salmasi, Hejazi, & Rahnemon 2003 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 81. Life cycle of Thrips tabaci was studied in insectarium under constant conditions. Life span of the adult, number of eggs laid per female, eggs laid per female per day, and the duration of developmental stages were determined. Reproduction was found to be thelytokous parthenogenesis, no males were observed. Hosseinynia & Malkeshi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 86. Orius albidipennis was used for control of Thrips tabaci which is an important pest of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) and compared with chemical methods and sticky traps. Releasing bugs is recommended in integrated control of carnation thrips. Kalafchi, Mobli, & Ebadi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 96. Population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci and its effect on bulbing and yield of some onion cultivars in Isfahan were studied. Spraying with “effective insecticide” reduced population density, increased fresh and dry weight, reduced bulbing ratio. (Mossadegh & Kocheili 2003 — book: semi-descriptive checklist of identified species of agricultural and medical arthropods and other pests from Khuzestan, Iran). Persian. Ref. (32). 44 species of Thysanoptera are listed from 11 localities in Khuzestan, taken on 52 species of plants. Includes much new information. Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 164. Three species of Thysanoptera are listed among pests found in saffron fields in the south of Khorasan: Collembolothrips sp., Haplothrips reuteri, Thrips tabaci. (see also Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2004, Ref. 165). Rasoulpour & Izadpanah 2003 — short report. Persian, English. Ref. 167 . Four populations of the onion thrips Thrips tabaci were investigated for their ability to transmit a TSWV isolate. Three of the four populations of T. tabaci were able to transmit TSWV originating from a greenhouse in Shiraz, but with differing efficiency. This is the first report on transmission of TSWV by T. tabaci in Iran. Saboori, Hajiqanbar, & Haddad Irani-nejad 2003 — journal article. English. Ref. 170. Iranitrombium miandoabicum Saboori & Hajiqanbar (Acari: Trombidiidae), a new genus and species of mite on first instar larva of Thripidae (“probably Thrips tabaci”), is described. (Shahrokhi & Rahimi 2003 — book chapter: pests and diseases of saffron). Persian. Ref. (39). Thrips tabaci is observed on saffron from the beginning of vegetation period until falling of leaves in all saffron-planting areas of Khorasan. Damage and control are given.


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2004 (24 primary references, 3 secondary references) Alavi 2004a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 9. 9 species of thrips are reported from olive trees in Golestan province, of which Aeolothrips gloriosus is new for Iran. Alavi 2004b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 10. List of 53 species known from Bojnourd is given. Alavi & Ahmadi-damghan 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 11. The occurrence, frequency, and distribution of species of thrips in farms of winter wheat and barley in Golestan province is studied. 32 species were found, of which two named species are mentioned: the dominant species Haplothrips tritici, and the second most abundant species, Sitothrips arabicus. Alemansour & Fallahzadeh 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 19. Seven species of thrips are reported from olive orchards in Fars province. M.R. Bagheri & Afioni 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 24. 15 cultivars of wheat were investigated in Golpaygan area of Esfahan province for their resistance to Haplothrips tritici. The numbers of adult thrips did not significantly differ among the cultivars, but the numbers of nymphs were found to be significantly different. The lowest density of nymphs was found on two cultivars, Shotordandan and Rowshan. S. Bagheri & Heidarzadae 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 36. Trials were carried out in onion fields of Shushtar region in Khuzestan province for determination of the suitable stage for insecticidal control of Thrips tabaci. Emami 2004a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 51. Studies were carried out to find the most attractant color for onion thrips on greenhouse cucumber. Yellow colour was found to attract onion thrips the most. Emami 2004b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 52. Spatial distribution pattern of Thrips tabaci on greenhouse cucumber was studied. The spatial distribution of nymphs and adults was aggregated. Etebari & Matindoost 2004 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 62. Effect of sprinkling irrigation and spring pruning on population density of Pseudodendrothrips mori on mulberry was studied. Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, Pourrahim, Farzadfar, & Ghasemi 2004 — journal article. English. Ref. 74. On the incidence and distribution of viruses infecting soybean (Glycine max) in Iran. High populations of Thrips tabaci Lindeman observed in soybean fields were found infected with TSWV. Tospovirus infection of trapped thrips was detected in ELISA. (Habibi, Hajianfar, & Mirkamali 2004 — book: on pests, diseases and weeds of potato in Iran, and their integrated management). Persian. Ref. (21). Thrips tabaci is included in the list of pests on aerial parts of potato, which is one of the most important hosts for it. Hosseini & Sirjani 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 85. Three insecticides were used in cotton seed treatment for the control of Thrips tabaci, of which thiamethoxam was found most effective in controlling early season pests on cotton, and can decrease damage of sucking pests up to at least 6 weeks after sowing. Hosseininia & Malkeshy 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 87. Chemical, biological, and integrated methods are compared for the control of Thrips tabaci on carnation under greenhouse conditions. The integrated method was found to be the best method.

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Jafari & Fallahzadeh 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 89. Eight species of Thysanoptera were found in a faunistic study on wheat in Lorestan province. Jalili Moghadam & Azmayesh Fard 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 92. 20 species of Thysanoptera collected in Tehran and Mahallat are listed. Two species are new for Iran fauna: Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips vulgatissimus. A. Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2004 — journal article. Persian. (abstract in English). Ref. 101. Developmental threshold and degree-day requirements of Thrips tabaci were determined under laboratory conditions. M. Khani, Haghiri, Naghdibadi, & Yazdani 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 104. Thrips tabaci was collected on fennel during studies on the fauna of medicinal plants in Tehran province. (Khanjani 2004 — book: on field crop pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (24). Five species of Thysanoptera as crop pests in Iran are dealt with: Anaphothrips sp., Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella intonsa, Thrips tabaci, Haplothrips tritici. Khormaly 2004 — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 112. Thrips tabaci is found as one of three major insect pests of watermelon in Gonbad and Minoodasht in Golestan province. Madadi, Kharrazi pakdel, Ashouri, Mohaghegh, & Ahmadi 2004 — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 115. Age specific fecundity life table parameters of Thrips tabaci were compared on cucumber, sweet pepper, and squash in the laboratory, i.e. intrinsic rate of population increase, finite rate of increase, generation time, net reproductive rate, doubling time, gross reproductive rate. (see also Madadi et al. 2006, Ref. 116). Mansouri, Ebadi, & Mobli 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 120. Population density and injury of Thrips tabaci are compared on selected self and polycross genotypes of onion in Isfahan. Manzari 2004 — short note. Persian. Ref. 122. Three species of thrips, new to the fauna of Iran, are reported from Hormozgan province: Haplothrips bagnalli, Caliothrips striatopterus, Thrips coloratus. Minaei & Asadi 2004 — scientific note. Persian, English. Ref. 138. Liothrips pragensis is found on three plant species in Fars province. It is the first report of the species from Iran. Mojeni 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 152. Effect of treatment of cotton seed with thiomethoxam, imidacloprid, and thiodicarb was studied on thrips infestation in cotton fields in Golestan province. Nouri Moghadam, Jaliani, Habibi, & Ali Akbar 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 160. 50 land races of original onion were screened for resistance to onion thrips. Five races have shown tolerance to onion thrips. Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 165. Three species of Thysanoptera are listed among pests found in saffron fields in the south of Khorasan. (see also Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003, Ref. 164). Shekerian & Rajabi 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 177. Economic injury level (E.I.L.) and economic threshold (E.T.) of Haplothrips tritici K. in wheat fields of Lorestan Province were studied.


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Taghizadeh, Hosseini, Mojeni, & Amin 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 180. Effectiveness of cotton seed disinfectation using three insecticides was studied for control of Thrips tabaci in Moghan area (Ardabil province). Yousefi & Abbasifar 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 185. Evaluation of damage by Thrips tabaci in different onion cultivars in Markazi province.

2005 (12 primary references, 7 secondary references) S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Behnamfar 2005 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 32. 16 species of Thysanoptera of family Thripidae are reported from some medicinal plants in Khuzestan province. One species, Oxythrips retamae, is new record for Iran. S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Mohammadi 2005 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 34. 8 species of predatory thrips are noted on medicinal plants in Khuzestan province, of which 2 species are new records for Iran: Rhipidothrips unicolor, Liothrips pragensis. S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Yousef Naanaie 2005 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 35. Faunistic survey of thrips on forest and rangeland plants in Khuzestan province. 10 species are reported. (Bayat Asadi & Arabsalmani 2005 — book: on cotton pests, diseases and weeds in Iran and their integrated management). Persian. Ref. (4). Pest status of “Thrips tabaci (T. flavus)”. Fathi, Nori Ganbalani, Farshbaf, Haddad Irani-Nejad, & Valizadeh 2005 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 63. Wheat cultivars and their phenological stages in tritrophic interaction of wheat, Haplothrips tritici (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) and Orius niger. Ghotbi, Shahraeen, & Winter 2005 — journal article. English. Ref. 72. Four tospoviruses were detected from ornamental plants in Markazi (Mahallat) and Tehran provinces: TSWV, INSV, IYSV, and a new Tospovirus sp. ToVV (Tomato Varamin virus). Thrips tabaci was found ELISA-positive for INSV, TSWV, and ToVV. Microcephalothrips abdominalis tested positive for TSWV, ToVV. Hasani & Fallahzadeh 2005 — scientific note. Persian, English. Ref. 78. One specimen of Liothrips austriacus collected on Pistacia atlantica in Kerman province is reported. This species is new for the fauna of Iran. Hassani-Mehraban, Saaijer, Peters, Goldbach, & Kormelink 2005 — journal article. English. Ref. 79. During a period coinciding with large thrips infestations, a novel tospo-like virus (Bunyaviridae) was isolated from tomato in the Varamin area, which is characterized and named as Tomato yellow ring virus (TYRV). Presence of Thrips tabaci in tomato crops at the time of sample collection raised suspicion that this might be a potential vector species of TYRV. However, transmission experiments with T. tabaci and with other species (including Frankliniella occidentalis, T. palmi) failed to identify any of them as vector. Keyhanian, Taghizadeh, Taghaddosi, & Khajehzadeh 2005 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 99. Among injurious insects collected at canola fields in different regions of Iran, two species of Thysanoptera are listed: Thrips tabaci, T. vulgatissimus. (Khanjani 2005 — book: on vegetable pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (25). Four species of thrips are mentioned as pests on vegetables: Scolothrips longicornis, Aeolothrips collaris, and Aeolothrips fasciatus as predators, and Thrips tabaci as cosmopolitan polyphagous pest.

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Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005a — journal article. Persian. (abstract in English). Ref. 105. Among pests of garlic in Hamadan province, one species of thrips (Thrips tabaci) was collected. Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005b — journal article. Persian. (abstract in English). Ref. 106. Among pests of Bu-Ali Sina medical garden in Hamadan, Thrips tabaci, along with two species of mites, was more abundant than other species. Khanjani, M. & M. Mirab Balou 2005c — proceedings article. English. Ref. 107. The “predatory thrips”, Taeniothrips inconsequens and Thrips albopilosus, were regularly found among the leaf galls caused by eriophyid mites in walnut orchards in western Iran. (Lodos 2005 — book: entomology: general, applied, faunistic, vol. 3). Persian. Ref. (28). Includes treatment of 27 Iranian species of Thysanoptera in 3 families, with information on morphology, distribution, host plants, damage, biology, and control methods of the species. Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2005 — poster. English. Ref. 139. Faunistic survey of Thysanoptera in Karaj region. 18 species are listed, with one species new to Iran fauna: Aeolothrips albicinctus. (Mirmoayedi 2005 — book: text book of agricultural entomology, pests and their control). Persian. Ref. (29). Two species of thrips are included: Haplothrips tritici, Thrips tabaci. (Rajabi & Behruzin 2005 — book: handbook of pests and diseases of wheat in Iran). Persian. Ref. (35). Haplothrips tritici on wheat is included as a pest. (Samih, Alizadeh, & Saberi Riseh 2005 — book: on pistachio pests and diseases in Iran and their IPM). Persian. Ref. (38). Three species of thrips on pistachio are mentioned: Thrips pistaciae, T. iranicus, Liothrips yakhontovi. (Zamani & Habibi 2005 — book: on pests and diseases of alfalfa in Iran and their integrated management). Persian. Ref. (44). Frankliniella intonsa is noted as a pest of alfalfa, causing damage by feeding, resulting in drying of flowers; characters, distribution, biology, host plants of the thrips are given.

2006 (23 primary references, 1 secondary reference) Akbarzadeh Shoukat & Shayesteh 2006 — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 5. Five species of thrips were found in Orumieh vineyards. Seasonal abundance of the predominant species Rubiothrips vitis was investigated on vegetative and reproductive parts of vines. S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 29. 20 species Thysanoptera, in the families Thripidae and Phlaeothripidae, are recorded in a faunistic survey on forest and rangeland plants in Khuzestan province. 8 of these species are new for Iran fauna. S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006b — short article. Persian, English. Ref. 30. A single specimen of Rhipidothrips unicolor was collected in Shahion area of Dezful during a study on Thysanoptera fauna of forest and rangelands in Khuzestan province. This is a new record for the fauna of Iran. Baniameri, Soleyman-nejadian, & Mohaghegh 2006 — proceedings article. English. Ref. 40. Basic life-history parameters of Orius niger were studied so as to obtain information for use of this predator in biocontrol programs. The species preys upon thrips and is commonly found attacking Thrips tabaci throughout Iran. 0. niger is suggested as an ideal biocontrol agent in greenhouse crops.


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Etebari & Bizhannia 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 54. Damage caused by Pseudodendrothrips mori, feeding on mulberry leaves, on the silkworm rearing yield was studied. There was higher percentage mortality in silkworm larvae fed on thrips-infested leaves, and significant decrease in the total number of cocoons produced, cocoon weight, pupal weight, and cocoon shell weight. Gheibi, Soleymannejadian, & Shishebor 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 69. Reproductive parameters of Scolothrips longicornis, as predator of Tetranychus turkestani, were studied. These include demographic studies on S. longicornis fed on T. turkestani, including reproductive table: gross and net reproductive rates, intrinsic rate of natural increase, and finite rate of increase, eggs per female/day, fertile eggs per female/day, gross hatch rate, net age fertility, mean net age fecundity, net fertility rate, net fecundity rate, sex ratio of offspring. Ghotbi & Baniameri 2006 — abstract. English. Ref. 70. Ornamental plant samples infected by TSWV and INSV viruses, found positive with ELISA, were collected from glasshouse and cultivation areas of Pakdasht and Mahallat. Five species of thrips were identified on these plants. Only T. tabaci transmitted TSWV isolate in transmission tests in greenhouse, but did not transmit INSV in biological tests. Four other species of thrips were found not infected with these viruses Colonies of T. tabaci were found infected by TSWV and INSV. This species had population abundance in greenhouses, and had high transmission ability. Hajizadeh 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 77. Thrips tabaci and Pseudodendrothrips mori are noted among prey species of the phytoseiid mite Transeius caspiansis in Guilan Province. Hatami, Khajeh Ali, Mobli, & Sabzalian 2006 — abstract. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 82. Effect of irrigation regime and insecticide application on onion thrips Thrips tabaci, bulbing ratio, and bulb yield were studied, so as to determine the irrigation treatment giving maximum bulb yield. Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006 — proceedings article. Persian. Ref. 88. In view of severe damage caused to flowers of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) by Thrips tabaci, experiments were carried out with insecticide spray and with integrated treatment (spraying and use of the predatory bug Orius albidipennis) in order to find out a method for reducing production costs. The integrated method showed best results against the thrips. Kalafchi, Mobli, Ebadi, & Rezaei 2006 — journal article. Persian (summary in English). Ref. 97. Population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci and its effect on bulbing and yield of selected onion cultivars in Isfahan was studied. Spraying with insecticide caused reduction in population density, increased fresh and dry weight, reduced bulbing ratio, but did not affect yield. (Khanjani & Haddad Irani-Nejad 2006 — book: on injurious mites of agricultural crops in Iran). Persian. Ref. (26). Scolothrips sexmaculatus is noted as predator on 6 species of mites in Iran: Bryobia rubioculus, Eutetranychus orientalis, Panonychus citri, Petrobia latens, Phytoptus pyri. Kosari & Kharazi-Pakdel 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 113. Predation rate and prey-preference of the predatory bug Orius albidipennis on 2nd stage larvae of onion thrips Thrips tabaci and on female two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae were compared under laboratory conditions. The female bug showed preference for 2nd larvae of onion thrips over the mite prey. The male bug did not show preference for either prey species. (see also Kosari et al. 2006, Ref. 114).

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Kosari, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Shojai, & Ostovan 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 114. Predation behavior parameters of Orius albidipennis were compared in laboratory conditions using 2nd larvae of Thrips tabaci and females of Tetranychus urticae as prey species, in two-choice tests and nonchoice tests. The predation rate of the female bug on the two prey species did not show significant difference, but the parameters of encounter rate, success rate, and handling time on second larvae of onion thrips showed significant difference between them. (see also Kosari et al. 2006, Ref. 113). Madadi, Kharrazi-pakdel, Ashouri, & Mohaghegh Neyshabouri 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 116. Life history parameters of Thrips tabaci were investigated on cucumber, sweet pepper, and eggplant under laboratory conditions, i.e. intrinsic rate of population increase, finite rate of increase, mean generation time, doubling time, net reproductive rate. (see also Madadi et al. 2004, Ref. 115). Madadi, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Ashouri, Mohaghegh neyshabouri, Enkegaard, & Brodsgaard 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 117. Effect of host plant traits (physical characteristics of leaves) of pepper, eggplant, and cucumber on the functional response parameters of the predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris to Thrips tabaci was studied, i.e. searching efficiency, handling time, mean prey consumption rate at different prey densities, and theoretical maximum predation rate. Mahghari & Ostovan 2006 — journal article. English. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 118. Four species of predatory thrips were found among insect predators on whiteflies in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. Feeding efficiency of the predators was determined on different life stages of Bemisia tabaci Mehrnejad & Panahi 2006 — journal article. Persian (with English abstract). Ref. 127. Hull cracking, aflatoxin contamination, and insect infestation in pistachio nuts were studied. In pistachio fruits, shortly after maturation phase, hull cracking was a common feature, providing the main route for subsequent insect infestation and for aflatoxin contamination, which was almost always found even in early split nuts with or without insect infestation Possible sources for aflatoxin contamination in pistachio (Pistachia vera) orchards in Rafsanjan were investigated. Along with 3 other insects, Liothrips austriacus was found infesting fruits with ruptured hulls either at early splits before maturation or in mature fruits with cracked hulls. Two insects (pistachio fruit worm Recurvaria pistaciicola, and pistachio fruit hull borer moth Arimania komaroffi) are able to bore the hulls, enabling the transfer of fungal spores into the nuts and mould development inside the nuts. Liothrips austriacus lives in the mature fruits, mostly on mesocarp, but also on the kernel, and infested 0.0 to 0.75 % of pistachio nuts. The species enters into the fruits through their ruptured hulls. There are always several thrips in each fruit. Development of fungus mildew is observed in thrips-infested fruits. The feeding behavior of the thrips before maturation of fruits, and basally on pistachio trees is not clear, and further studies are needed. Namvar & Kheirandish 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 157. Adult thrips were collected from different citrus varieties and weeds in citrus orchards of Jiroft and Kahnooj (Kerman province). Five species were identified: Haplothrips flavicinctus, Odontothrips confusus, Scirtothrips citri, Thrips meridionalis, Thrips tabaci. S. citri was the predominant species, except in Dalfard in the north of Jiroft where Thrips tabaci was found in relatively high density on the citrus varieties. Pirafkan, Kamali, Ostovan, & Manzari 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 161. Faunistic study of Thysanoptera in Pakdasht region of Tehran province. Reports 24 species of thrips in 16 genera in 3 families (Thripidae, Aeolothripidae, Phlaeothripidae), including two species new for Iran fauna: Eremiothrips antilope, Thrips pelikani.


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Rajabi Mazhar & Sadeghi 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 166. Aeolothrips intermedius is listed as a predator of Psyllopsis repens (Hom: Psyllidae), an important pest of ash trees and inducing galls on the plant. F. Salehi, Hadji-zadeh, Baniameri, Sahragard, & L. Salehi 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 173. Prey preference of the predatory bug Orius niger exposed to three prey species was studied: Thrips tabaci, Aphis gossypii, Tetranychus urticae. The preference index for T. tabaci and A. gossypii was nearly similar, but was much higher than for T. urticae. Yarmand, Sadeghi, Mohammadi, Ebrahimi, & Seif Allahi 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 183. In a survey of arthropods on rangeland medicinal plants in three provinces, Haplothrips sp. is listed from common chamomile. Yousefi & Abasifar 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 185. Tolerance of white Khomein onion (bred from Native White Khomein) and seven other onion cultivars in Iran to Thrips tabaci was studied, using several parameters. Experiments were also carried out with insecticide treatment. Overall, no difference in yield was found between sprayed and unsprayed blocks of all cultivars taken together.

2007 (13 primary references) Alavi, zur Strassen, & Bagherani 2007 — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 17. Wheat and barley fields were sampled in Golestan province during two years, 1996–98, to determine the occurrence, frequency and distribution of thrips species. 32 species of Thysanoptera were found. Haplothrips tritici was the dominant species, followed by Sitothrips arabicus which was the second most abundant species. Collection data, host plants, and distribution data for each species are given. Alimousavi, Hassandokht, & Moharramipour 2007 — journal article. English. Ref. 21. 15 genotypes of Iranian onion were studied to find out their resistance to thrips and their traits related to thrips resistance. Four of the genotypes, having glossy foliage, were found to be less susceptible to thrips. S. Bagheri & Alavi 2007 — short article. Persian, English. Ref. 31. During studies carried out to identify Thysanoptera fauna of forests and rangelands of Khuzestan, Dendrothrips karnyi was found on Vitex pseudo-negundo in Fadak Botanic Garden of Dezful. This is a new record for the fauna of Iran. Eghbalian, Khanjani, Pourmirza, & Mirab-Balou 2007 — abstract. English. Ref. 50. The predatory response of Scolothrips sexmaculatus was studied on the brown mite Bryobia rubrioculus, which is one of the most important pests of cherry and plum trees in Hamedan. Golnaraghi, Pourrahim, Farzafdar, Ohshima, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2007 — journal article. English. Ref. 75. Thrips tabaci was identified for the first time as vector of Tomato yellow fruit ring virus (TYFRV). The virus was also detected in some weed species and for the first time in Datura metel and D. stramonium. Hesami, Etebari, Pourbabaei, & Kamelmanesh 2007 — journal article. English (summary in Chinese). Ref. 187. Spatial distribution of Pseudodendrothrips mori on mulberry trees was studied within plant and orchard. P. mori populations were localized in certain parts of the trees and fields. Larval instars were located on the lower canopy, the adults preferred the upper canopy. Adults and larvae on the leaves were had aggregated distribution. Khanjani, Mirab-Balou, Eghbalian, Asali-Fayaz, & Suri 2007 — abstract. English. Ref. 108. The study was carried out to collect natural enemies of the flowers thrips Haplothrips sp. on marguerite. 6 predator species of insects were collected, including Scolothrips sexmaculatus.

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Minaei & Alichi 2007 — abstract. English. Ref. 135. 42 species of Thysanoptera of Shiraz and vicinity are listed, belonging to 23 genera in 5 families. Two of these species are new for Fars province. Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2007 — abstract. English. Ref. 140. This is an introduction to pest thrips in Iran. Besides some superficial reports on thrips pests, 8 species are at present considered to damage cultivated plants in Iran. Thrips tabaci, the most damaging insect on onions in Iran, and the wheat thrips Haplothrips tritici are two species that get the most attention from Iranian entomologists because of their economic importance. Information is at present not available on the pest status and distribution of the recently introduced species Frankliniella occidentalis. Four known vector species of Tospoviruses are recorded in Iran: Frankliniella intonsa, F. occidentalis, F. schultzei, and Thrips tabaci. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has been recorded in Iran, and transmission of cineraria (Senecio sp.) isolate of TSWV by Thrips tabaci has been confirmed. Recently a new Tospovirus species infecting tomato namely ‘Tomato fruit yellow ring virus’ has been found in Iran. Minaei, Azemayeshfard, & Mound 2007a — journal article. English. Ref. 141. Problems in character state definition and interpretation in Haplothrips-group and their implications for identification and taxonomy are discussed. Four species are recognized in Neoheegeria, two of which, N. dalmatica and N. persica, are found in Iran. Minaei, Azemayesh Fard, & Mound 2007b — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 142. The Thrips genus-group in Iran comprises four genera, which are separated by a key: Microcephalothrips, Sphaeropothrips, Stenothrips, Thrips. Sphaeropothrips and its only species S. vittipennis are recorded in Iran for the first time, and species diagnosis is provided. Minaei & Mound 2007 — abstract. English. Ref. 143. Study of six populations of the wheat thrips Haplothrips tritici collected from three provinces of Iran shows considerable variations in numerical as well as descriptive character states, indicating that records of H. cerealis from Iran are probably misidentifications. The only common species of Haplothrips on Poaceae in Iran is H. tritici. Variations within populations of H. tritici in Iran include all differences known to distinguish H. tritici from H. cerealis. Rasoulpour R. & K. Izadpanah 2007 — journal article. English. Ref. 168. A tospovirus, isolated from naturally infected cineraria plants in commercial greenhouses in Shiraz, Iran, induced rings and chlorotic and necrotic spots on leaves, growth reduction and death of the plants. This virus has been found to be a strain of Tomato yellow ring virus (TYRV). The cineraria isolate of TYRV, however, appears to have a different experimental host range compared to tomato isolates of the virus.


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Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera — subjectwise 1. Thrips as Pests. The pest status of very few species of Thysanoptera in Iran has been established. The findings of various species in Iran have been reported as pests, irrespective of whether or not the insects actually exist on the plant as pests. Such findings are noted as superficial reports by Minaei & Azemayeshfard (2007), who state that at present only 8 species are considered to damage cultivated plants in Iran, i.e. Anaphothrips obscurus, Drepanothrips reuteri, Haplothrips tritici, Pseudodendrothrips mori, Retithrips syriacus, Rubiothrips vitis, Thrips flavus, T. tabaci. Several species of thrips are known in Iranian literature having medium or severe economic importance, but without information substantiating this status. A few of these reports are especially non-specific, with mention of only the genus of the insects without indication of the species. It also needs to be established whether the plant on which the thrips have been found or collected is actually a host plant of the species, i.e. whether the insect feeds and lives on the plant (more specifically, whether the insect breeds on it), or it has just strayed onto it. Primary literature. Abai 1984 — book: list of pests of forest trees and shrubs of Iran. English, Persian. (2nd edition 2000). Ref. 1. 5 named species of Thysanoptera, and unidentified species of Thrips from 3 different genera of plants are listed from different parts of Iran, based on actual collections of pests. Species are noted with severe economic importance (Thrips sp. on Alnus and Carpinus, Liothrips reuteri on Tamarix), medium economic importance (Thrips tabaci on Pyrus, Thrips sp. on Colutea, Liothrips jakhontovi on Pistachia in Kerman province), and with minor economic importance (Thrips iranicus and T. pistaciae on Pistachia, Thrips tabaci on Cerasus). (The nature of damage is not stated). Alavi 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 8. Dendrothrips phyllireae is reported as a pest in olive orchards and nurseries in Golestan province. Damage was noted as pale and silvery-coloured spots with black waste often on the upper surface of leaves. High populations of this thrips cause falling of leaves and drying of buds. Alichi & Minaei 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 20. Retithrips syriacus is reported injurious to leaves of grape in vineyards of Shiraz. The red larvae of this thrips cover leaf area and by sucking plant juice, cause leaf bleach and distortion. They secrete large amount of honeydew and leave their black waste materials which interrupt the photosynthesis of plant. Azmayesh Fard & Faridi 1993 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 22. Damage and population density of wheat thrips [Haplothrips tritici !!] were studied on wheat and barley in Karaj and Zanjan. (The nature of damage is not stated). M.R. Bagheri & Radjabi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 27. This study was carried out for evaluation of damage caused to wheat by Haplothrips tritici and the effect of spraying with fenitrothion on the reduction of thrips population was studied. (The nature of damage is not stated).

142


Dordaie, Sadaghian, & Nikdel 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 49. Survey of the “most important pests of poplar trees” in East Azarbaidjan was done. 3 species of Thripidae are listed: Anaphothrips sp., Parthenothrips sp., Stenothrips sp. The damage caused by “some of the thripid species on P. alba” is the first report from Iran. (The nature of damage is not stated). Etebari & Bizhannia 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 54. Mulberry thrips damage on silkworm rearing yield was evaluated. The effect of Pseudodendrothrips mori feeding on mulberry was studied on the chemical characteristics of leaves and on silkworm rearing yield. Silkworm larvae fed on thrips-infested leaves had greater per cent mortality and there was significant decrease in the number of cocoons produced, cocoon weight, pupal weight, and cocoon shell weight. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak-sokhan 1999b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 57. Pseudodendrothrips mori is major pest of mulberry orchards in Guilan province. The insect sucks the sap of the plant reducing the protein content and moisture of the leaves. It adversely affects the quality of leaves consumed by silkworm. (The nature of damage to leaves is not stated). Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 80. Thrips tabaci is found to be the most prevalent insect pest in onion fields in East Azarbaijan province. (The nature of damage/pest status is not indicated). Hemmati 1990 — journal article: insect fauna on grapevine in Khuzestan province. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 83. Retithrips sp. was found on grapevine leaves during survey of insect fauna on grapevine. Population density of the insects was low and they did not cause serious damage. (The nature of damage is not stated). Hosseinynia & Malkeshi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 86. Thrips tabaci is noted as an important pest of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus). Studies on the control of this pest were carried out in Mahallat, using insecticides, sticky traps, and the predator species Orius albidipennis. Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006 — proceedings article. Persian. Ref. 88. Thrips tabaci causes severe damage to flowers, especially clove, gladiola, chrysanthemum, and tuberose in Mahallat and Varamin. Management of production costs reduction in clove greenhouses was attempted, using biological and integrated control (insecticide spray, biological control with the predatory bug Orius albidipennis). A. Khani, Moharramipour, & Hoseini 2000 — abstract. Persian, English.Ref. 100. Heavy damage from Thrips tabaci was observed on cotton seedlings in Kashmar early in the season (May 1999). They retard leaf development and cause silvery spots on young leaves. Samples taken on crop plants and weeds during autumn and winter indicated a high population of hibernated adult insects. High population of hibernated thrips can potentially threaten cotton seedlings in the next spring. Keyhanian, Taghizadeh, Taghaddosi, & Khajehzadeh 2005 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 99. Among injurious insects collected at farmers’ fields in different regions of Iran, two species of Thysanoptera are listed from canola: Thrips tabaci, T. vulgatissimus. Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005a — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 105. Among pests of garlic in Hamadan province, one species of thrips (Thrips tabaci) was collected. Kheyri 1989 — journal article: inventory of pests of sugar-beet in Iran. Persian (summary in English). Ref. 111. Thrips tabaci is listed as an important pest (“importance high”) of sugar-beet in Karaj, Khorasan, and Fars. (The nature of damage is not stated). Khormaly 2004 — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 112. Thrips tabaci is found as one of three major insect pests of watermelon in Gonbad and Minoodasht in Golestan province.


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Mansouri, Ebadi, & Mobli 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 120. Population density of Thrips tabaci and damage caused by it on selected self and polycross genotypes of onion in Isfahan are compared. Mehrnejad 2001 — journal article, review article. English. Ref. 126. Current status of pistachio pests in Iran is discussed. Two species of thrips are listed among insects attacking pistachio trees in early spring and causing minor damage: Thrips iranicus and T. pistaciae. (The nature of damage is not stated). Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2007 — abstract. English. Ref. 140. Overview of pest species of Thysanoptera in Iran. 8 species of thrips are considered causing damage to cultivated plants in Iran: Anaphothrips obscurus, Drepanothrips reuteri, Haplothrips tritici, Pseudodendrothrips mori, Retithrips syriacus, Rubiothrips vitis, Thrips flavus, T. tabaci. Other reports on thrips pests in Iran are superficial. Thrips tabaci the most damaging insect on onions in Iran and the wheat thrips Haplothrips tritici are two species that get the most attention from Iranian entomologists because of their economic importance. Information is at present not available on the pest status and distribution of the recently introduced species Frankliniella occidentalis. Mirkarimi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 144. Damage by cotton thrips was evaluated on 10 different varieties of cotton in Varamin. Three factors were observed on each variety: (1) number of dried plants because of thrips attack, (2) damaged leaf area due to thrips feeding and the thrips damage, and (3) average number of thrips population on one plant. The variety Varamin 71 suffered the least damage, and the variety Pak suffered the highest damage. Mojeni & Alavi 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 153. Dendrothrips was found causing damage to olive by sucking sap, in Gorgan and Gonbad regions. (The nature of damage is not stated). Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 164. Three species of Thysanoptera are listed among pests found in saffron fields in the south of Khorasan: Collembolothrips sp., Haplothrips reuteri, Thrips tabaci. (see also Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2004, Ref. 165). Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 165. Three species of Thysanoptera are listed among pests found in saffron fields in the south of Khorasan. (see also Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003, Ref. 164). Saeidi, Rezvani, & Nourbakhsh 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 171. Thrips tabaci is reported as the dominant pest species on native bean variety in Lordegan. Its economic importance is evaluated. The yields from the two treatments were compared, spraying with pesticide and spraying without pesticide. There was no significant difference between the treatments. Shekerian & Rajabi 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 177. Economic injury level (E.I.L.) and E.T. (economic threshold) of Haplothrips tritici in wheat fields of Lorestan province were studied. Shojai 1971 — proceedings article: on pests of tobacco in Iran. Persian (summary in French). Ref. 179. Three species of Thysanoptera are listed among pests of tobacco: Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella sp., Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis. The first two of these cause severe damage, the third species has no economic importance. (The nature of damage is not stated). Yousefi & Abbasifar 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 184. Evaluation of damage by Thrips tabaci in different onion cultivars in Markazi province.

Thrips pistaciae

Thrips iranicus

minor economic importance causes minor damage

pistachio orchards

causes minor damage

pistachio orchards Pistacia spp.

minor economic importance

—

Pistacia spp.

pests of cotton in Karaj

flower trees

pest of citrus

citrus

Thrips flavus

pest of tung in Shahi

tung

Taeniothrips frici

causing damage

Populus alba

Stenothrips sp.

Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2007. Ref. 140.

Alichi & Minaei 2000. Ref. 20.

Etebari & Bizhannia 2006. Ref. 54.

Etebari, Jalali, & Tak-sokhan 1999b. Ref. 57.

Dordaie, Sadaghian, & Nikdel 2000. Ref. 49.

Shojai 1971. Ref. 179.


Afshar 1938. Ref. (1).

Alavi 2002. Ref. 8.

Mojeni & Alavi 1998. Ref. 153.

Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003, 2004. Ref.164, 165.


Reference

Mehrnejad 2001. Ref. 126.

Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

Mehrnejad 2001. Ref. 126.

Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1955. Ref. (15).


Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1954. Ref. (14).

Kiriukhin 1947. Ref. (27).


populatin density low, did not cause serious damage Hemmati 1990. Ref. 83.

grapevine

in list of thrips damaging cultivated plants in Iran

cultivated plants

Retithrips sp.

injurious to leaves

grapevine

estimation of damage on silkworm rearing yield

mulberry

Retithrips syriacus

major pest

mulberry orchards

causing severe damage

Pseudodendrothrips mori

tobacco

Frankliniella sp.

—

causing damage

potato

Frankliniella intonsa

pest in orchards and nurseries

Populus alba

olive

Dendrothrips phyllireae

causing damage

Parthenothrips sp.

olive

Dendrothrips

pest in saffron fields

no economic importance

saffron

Collembolothrips sp.

causing damage

Remarks

Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis tobacco

Populus alba

Associated plant

Anaphothrips sp.

Species

Species of Thysanoptera noted as pests in Iranian literature (primary literature, in most cases).

144 Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007

Remarks

medium economic importance causing severe damage economic importance high most prevalent insect pest

Pyrus spp. tobacco sugar-beet onion

economic importance severe economic importance severe economic importance medium

Carpinus spp. Colutea spp.

thrips infestation in cotton fields

Alnus spp.

causes severe damage to flowers of clove, gladiola, chrysanthemum, and tuberose. Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006. Ref. 88.

flowers of clove

Thrips sp.

pest of garlic

garlic

cotton

injurious insect in farmers’ fields

canola

thrips on cotton [Thrips tabaci !]

evaluation of damage in different cultivars

onion

damage to different cotton varieties

a major insect pest of watermelon

watermelon

cotton

pest in saffron fields

saffron

Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

Mojeni 2004. Ref. 152.

Mirkarimi 2000. Ref. 144.

Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005a. Ref. 105 .

Keyhanian, Taghizadeh, Taghaddosi, & Khajehzadeh 2005. Ref. 99.

Yousefi & Abbasifar 2004. Ref. 184.

Khormaly 2004. Ref. 112.


Hosseinynia & Malkeshi 2003. Ref. 86.

important pest of carnation

Dianthus caryophyllus

Saeidi, Rezvani, & Nourbakhsh 2002. Ref. 171.

dominant pest species

Javan Moghadam, Noori, Hosseini, & Amin 2000. Ref. 94. A. Khani, Moharramipour, & Hoseini 2000. Ref. 100.

Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997. Ref. 80.

Kheyri 1989. Ref. 111.


Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

native bean variety

important pest of cotton

minor economic importance

Cerasus spp.

Davatchi 1949. Ref. (11).


Reference

attacks many crops, especially tobacco, potato, cucumber, cotton, tomato, onion, sugar beet

attacks cotton, cabbage, cucumber, onion, tobacco, potato, and other crops

Associated plant

cotton thrips (Thrips tabaci)

Thrips tabaci

Thrips tabaci

Species


145

wheat Pistacia spp. Tamarix spp. rice

wheat thrips [Haplothrips tritici]

Liothrips jakhontovi

Liothrips reuteri

Phloeothrips oryzae

economic importance is not clear

severe economic importance

medium economic importance

Reference


Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

Abai 1984. Ref. 1.

Kamangar & Rajabi 2000. Ref. 98.

Azmayesh Fard & Faridi 1993. Ref. 22.


Shekerian & Rajabi 2004. Ref. 177.

M.R. Bagheri & Radjabi 2000. Ref. 27.


reduction of population density by insecticide treatment

noted as pest causing damage

—

wheat fields wheat and barley

economic injury level and economic threshold

wheat

wheat thrips [Haplothrips tritici]

evaluation of damage

wheat

Haplothrips tritici

“rare numbers” were collected (Ref. 164)

Remarks

saffron

Associated plant

Haplothrips reuteri

Species

146 Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007


147

Secondary literature. (Afshar 1938 — book: on pests of summer crops, vegetables, etc.). Persian. Ref. (1). Three species of thrips are noted as pests in Iran: Thrips tabaci, Thrips flavus, Frankliniella intonsa. (Akbari Noshad 2000 — booklet: on onion thrips. Persian. Ref. (2). Characters, biology, damage, control of Thrips tabaci. (Anonymous 1980 — booklet: on pests, diseases, and weeds of crops and fruit trees). French, Persian. Ref. (3). 7 species of Thysanoptera are listed among pest species: Haplothrips tritici, Thrips flavus, Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, Taeniothrips frici, Liothrips jakhontovi. (Bayat Asadi & Arabsalmani 2005 — book: on cotton pests, diseases and weeds in Iran and their integrated management). Persian. Ref. (4). Pest status of “Thrips tabaci (T. flavus)”. (Behdad 1982 — book: on pests of field crops in Iran, 1st edition; 2nd edition, Behdad 1989). Persian. Ref. (5), (5a). Eleven species of Thysanoptera are listed as pests on field crops: Aeolothrips sp., Ascirtothrips arya, Asc. taghizadehi, Caliothrips impurus, Frankliniella intonsa, F. schultzei, Haplothrips tritici, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, Phloeothrips oryzae, Thrips flavus, Thrips tabaci. (Behdad 1984 — book: on pests of fruit crops in Iran). Persian. Ref. (6). Three species of thrips are included among pests of pistachio: Thrips pistaciae, T. iranicus, Liothrips jakhontovi. One species (Taeniothrips frici) is listed in pests of citrus trees. (Behdad 1988 — book: on pests and diseases of forest trees and shrubs and ornamental plants in Iran). Persian. Ref. (7). Five species of thrips are listed: Thrips iranicus, T. pistaciae, T. tabaci, Liothrips jakhontovi, L. reuteri. (Behdad 1996 — book: Iran phytomedicine encyclopedia on plant pests and diseases and weeds). Persian. Ref. (8). 34 species of thrips are listed. (see also Behdad 1982, 1984, 1988). (Behdad 2002 — book: introductory entomology and important plant pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (9). Three species of thrips are mentioned: Haplothrips tritici, Thrips flavus, T. tabaci. (Dastgheyb Beheshti 1980 — book: on insect pests of cold fruit trees in Esfahan). Persian. Ref. (10). Thrips tabaci, on field crops and most of fruit trees, brief information is given on this species. (Davatchi 1949 — book: on pests of field crops). Persian. Ref. (11). Two species of thrips are noted as pests in Iran: Thrips tabaci and Haplothrips tritici. Thrips tabaci attacks many crops, especially tobacco, potato, cucumber, cotton, tomato, onion, and sugar beet. Haplothrips tritici is found in wheat fields. (Davatchi 1954 — book: on destructive insects of Iran). Persian. Ref. (12). Phloeothrips oryzae is noted on rice in Babol (Mazadaran). Its economic importance is not clear. (Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1954 — journal article: on insect pests of citrus in Iran). Persian, French. Ref. (14). Taenothrips frici is listed among insects attacking orange. (Davatchi & Taghizadeh 1955 — journal article: on insect pests of cotton in Iran). Persian, French. Ref. (15). Thrips flavus is listed as one of the pests of cotton. (Esmaili 1983 — book: on pests of fruit trees; reprinted 1991, 1993, 1996). Persian. Ref. (16). Eight species of Thysanoptera are dealt with, including Drepanothrips reuteri on grape vine from Qazvin; Scirtothrips citri damaging citrus flowers and grown citrus fruits in southern areas of Iran; Frankliniella cephalica and Chaetanaphothrips sp. on citrus in northern parts of Iran.

148


(Esmaili, Mirkarimi, & Azmayesh Fard 1991 — book: on agricultural entomology: destructive insects, mites, etc.). Persian. Ref. (17). 8 species of Thysanoptera are included, of which Taeniothrips inconsequens attacks pear, cherry, plum, Taen. simplex attacks gladiolus causing severe damage, Thrips tabaci is polyphagous pest on various crops, and Haplothrips tritici damages wheat. (Farahbakhsh 1961 — book: checklist of economically important insects, etc.). English. Ref. (18). 9 species of economically important Thysanoptera are listed. Aeolothrips sp., Frankliniella intonsa, Taeniothrips frici, Thrips flavus, Thrips iranicus, Thrips pistaciae, Thrips tabaci, Haplothrips tritici, Liothrips jakhontovi. (Farahbakhch & Moini 1975 — book: on olive pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (19). Two species of thrips on olive are listed, but these are from outside Iran: Hercothrips fasciatus, Liothrips oleae. (Gharib & Zonouzi 1968 — book: on pests of vegetables). Persian. Ref. (20). Information on Thrips tabaci is given. (Habibi, Hajianfar, & Mirkamali 2004 — book: on pests, diseases and weeds of potato in Iran, and their integrated management). Persian. Ref. (21). Thrips tabaci is included in the list of pests on aerial parts of potato, which is one of the most important hosts for it. (Habibi & Zamani 2003 — book: pests and diseases of maize in Iran, and their integrated management). Persian. Ref. (22). Anaphothrips sp. has been causing damage to maize and sugarcane for a long time, on new germinated plants, feeding on leaves and shoots, resulting in stopping plant growth and causing yellowing and deformation of leaves. It is noted as a more important pest in Fars, Hamedan, and Ghazwin provinces than in other provinces. (Javan Moghadam & Zonouzi 1970 — booklet: on cotton thrips, Thrips tabaci). Persian. Ref. (23). Distribution, host plants, characters, biology, and damage to host plant are given. (Khanjani 2004 — book: on field crop pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (24). Five species of Thysanoptera as crop pests in Iran are dealt with: Anaphothrips sp., Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella intonsa, Thrips tabaci, Haplothrips tritici. (Khanjani 2005 — book, on vegetable pests in Iran). Persian. Ref. (25). Four species of thrips are mentioned as pests on vegetables. Scolothrips longicornis, Aeolothrips collaris, and Aeolothrips fasciatus as predators, and Thrips tabaci as cosmopolitan polyphagous pest. (Kiriukhin 1947 — book: on subtropical pests of plants in Iran). Persian. Ref. (27). Taeniothrips frici is reported as a pest of tung in Shahi. (Lodos 2005 — book: entomology: general, applied, faunistic, vol. 3). Persian. Ref. (28). Includes treatment of 27 Iranian species of Thysanoptera in 3 families, with information on morphology, distribution, host plants, damage, biology, and control methods of the species. (Mirmoayedi 2005 — book: text book of agricultural entomology, pests and their control). Persian. Ref. (29). Two species of thrips are included: Haplothrips tritici, Thrips tabaci. (Modarres Awal 1994 — book: List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran). Persian. Ref. (30). 39 species of Thysanoptera are listed. (Mohammad Alian, Golmohammadi, Banihashemian, Gholamian, & Taheri 2001 — book: handbook of pests, diseases and weeds of citrus fruits in Iran). Persian. Ref. (31). Scirtothrips citri is noted as a pest of citrus, along with photo of the insect.


149

(Naeem 1982 — book: on entomology). Persian. Ref. (33). Two species of Thysanoptera are included as pests of field crops: Haplothrips tritici, Thrips tabaci. (Rahmani & Khalili 1990 — booklet: control methods for pests and diseases of grape). Persian. Ref. (34). Thrips flavus attacks grapes in the north of Khorasan; brief information on its characters, damage, biology, and control is given. (Rajabi & Behruzin 2005 — book: handbook of pests and diseases of wheat in Iran). Persian. Ref. (35). Haplothrips tritici is noted as a pest. (Salavatian 1959 — journal article: list of pests of cotton, kenaf, and other crops). English. Ref. (36). Thrips tabaci is listed as a pest on some crops. (Samih, Alizadeh, & Saberi Riseh 2005 — book: on pistachio pests and diseases in Iran and their IPM). Persian. Ref. (38) Three species of thrips are mentioned: Thrips pistaciae, T. iranicus, Liothrips yakhontovi. (Shahrokhi & Rahimi 2003 — book chapter: pests and diseases of saffron). Persian. Ref. (39). Thrips tabaci is observed on saffron from the beginning of vegetation period until falling of leaves in all saffron-planting areas of Khorasan. Damage and control are given. (F. Taghizadeh & Safavi 1960 — book: on pests of pistachio in Iran). Persian. Ref. (41). Three species of thrips on Pistacia in Iran are noted: Thrips pistaciae, T. iranicus, Liothrips jakhontovi. (Zahedi 1968 — book: on pests of summer crops in Iran). Persian, Italian. Ref. (42). Information on Thrips tabaci, characters, biology, distribution, damage, control. (Zahedi 1992 — book: on pests of summer crops and ornamental plants in Iran). Persian. Ref. (43). Includes two species of thrips: Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis observed on tuberose in a greenhouse in Karaj, and Thrips tabaci found especially in northern parts of Iran. (Zamani & Habibi 2005 — book: on pests and diseases of alfalfa in Iran and their integrated management). Persian. Ref. (44). Frankliniella intonsa feeding is noted as a pest of alfalfa; characters, distribution, biology, host plants of the thrips are given.

2. Control of thrips 2a. Chemical and other methods of control The following insecticides have been used in experimental studies on chemical control of thrips in Iran. deltamethrin (Decis*) [*trade name] endosulfan fenitrothion fenpropathrin (Danitol*) imidacloprid (Confidor*, Gaucho*) [often misspelled as imidocloprid] oxydemeton-methyl (Metasystox*-R) profenophos (Curacron*) thiamethoxam (Cruiser* 350 FS) [often misspelled as thiomethoxam] thiodicarb (Larvin*). M.R. Bagheri & Afioni 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 24. An experiment was carried out for the control of Haplothrips tritici, using fenitrothion. Differences between sprayed and unsprayed parts for yield were not significant; however, differences for thousand kernel weight were found to be significant (p≤0.01).

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M.R. Bagheri & Radjabi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 27. The effect of conventional spraying against sunn pest, using fenitrothion, was studied for the reduction of Haplothrips tritici population. Spraying was found useful for control of the thrips. S. Bagheri & Heidarzadae 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 36. Trials were carried out in onion fields of Shushtar region in Khuzestan province, using the insecticides endosulfan or Decis for determining the suitable stage for controlling Thrips tabaci. Etebari & Bizhannia 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 54. The insecticide Metasystox (0.5%) was used as spray at the peak of second larva population in experiments to control Pseudodendrothrips mori in mulberry orchards. Hatami, Khajeh Ali, Mobli, & Sabzalian 2006 — abstract. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 82. The effect of insecticide application, using profenophos (Curacron 40%), and of different irrigation regimes on onion thrips and bulb yield were studied. Spraying reduced thrips populations and consequently increased fresh and dry weights, plant height, bulbing ratio, and bulb yield. Hosseini & Sirjani 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 85. Three insecticides were used for cotton seed treatment for the control of Thrips tabaci, of which thiamethoxam was found most effective in controlling early season pests on cotton. Hosseinynia & Malkeshi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 86. Experiments were carried out on chemical control of Thrips tabaci on carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) in Mahallat, using the insecticides deltamethrin (Decis), fenpropathrin (Danitol), and imidacloprid (Confidor). The use of chemical methods was compared with sticky traps and biological control by means of the predatory bug Orius albidipennis. Releasing bugs is recommended in integrated control of carnation thrips. Hosseininia & Malkeshy 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 87. Chemical, biological, and integrated methods are compared for the control of Thrips tabaci on carnation under greenhouse conditions. The insecticide used is deltamethrin (Decis). Integrated method is found to be the best method. Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006 — proceedings article. Persian. Ref. 88. Experiments were carried out for the control of Thrips tabaci on flowers of carnation, with insecticide spray and with integrated treatment (spraying and use of the predatory bug Orius albidipennis). The integrated method showed best results against thrips. Javan Moghadam, Noori, Hosseini, & Amin 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 94. Experiments were carried out for the control of Thrips tabaci on primary stages of cotton seedlings, with seed disinfectation method using three insecticides: imidacloprid (Gaucho), thiodicarb (Larvin), oxydemeton– methyl (Metasystox-R). This was found effective in preventing thrips damage in the primary stages of growth. Kalafchi, Mobli, & Ebadi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 96. Insecticide spray was used to control Thrips tabaci on onion [name of insecticide is not stated]. Spraying the plants with “effective insecticide” reduced population density of the thrips, increased fresh and dry weight, and reduced bulbing ratio. Kalafchi, Mobli, Ebadi, & Rezaei 2006 — journal article. Persian (summary in English). Ref. 97. Population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci and its effect on bulbing and yield of selected onion cultivars in Isfahan was studied, using spraying with profenophos (Curacron). This treatment caused reduction in population density, increased fresh and dry weight, reduced bulbing ratio, but did not affect yield. Kamangar & Rajabi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 98. The Reduction of population density of wheat thrips was studied, with insecticides commonly used against Sunn pest, including fenitrothion and Decis. Spraying with the insecticides caused 38 to 60% mortality in


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the population of wheat thrips. Differences between the treatments were not significant in respect of yield and thousand kernel weight, but were significant for the seeds per spike. Mojeni 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 152. Insecticide treatment against early thrips infestation [presumably Thrips tabaci !] in cotton fields in Golestan province was carried out, using cotton seed treatment with thiamethoxam (350 FS), Gaucho (imidacloprid), and Larvin. Treatment with thiamethoxam is recommended. Mashhadi Jafarlo & Malkeshi 2000 — abstract. (Persian).Ref. 125. Efficiency of the predatory bugs Orius spp. and the use of insecticide for the control of Thrips tabaci were investigated in onion fields in East Azarbaijan province. The population of thrips was not significantly affected by release of bugs, whereas there was statistically significant decrease in thrips population as a result of treatment with insecticide. Saeidi, Rezvani, & Nourbakhsh 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 171. Experiments were carried out on Thrips tabaci with two treatments, spraying with pesticide [name of pesticide not stated] and spraying without pesticide. Weekly sampling for numbers of thrips showed no significant difference between the two treatments. Using pesticide against Thrips tabaci on bean in Lordegan is therefore not recommended. Taghizadeh, Hosseini, Mojeni, & Amin 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 180. Effectiveness of cotton seed disinfectation for the control of Thrips tabaci was studied, using three insecticides: thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, imidacloprid.

2b. Biological control and natural enemies of thrips, and other methods Baniameri, Soleyman-nejadian, & J. Mohaghegh 2006 — proceedings article. English. Ref. 40. Basic life-history parameters of Orius niger were studied so as to obtain information for application of this predator in biocontrol programs. The species preys upon thrips and is commonly found attacking Thrips tabaci throughout Iran. 0. niger is suggested as an ideal biocontrol agent in greenhouse crops. Etebari 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 53. Efficiency of sprinkler irrigation for non-chemical control of Pseudodendrothrips mori is investigated. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak-sokhan 1999b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 57. The population of Pseudodendrothrips mori, which is major pest of mulberry orchards of Guilan province, is partially controlled by a predator (Orius sp.), and by rainfall and sprinkler irrigation. Hajizadeh 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 77. Thrips tabaci and Pseudodendrothrips mori are noted among prey species of the phytoseiid mite Transeius caspiansis in Guilan Province. Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 80. Aeolothrips fasciatus and Orius niger are the dominant predatory species on the pest species Thrips tabaci in onion fields in East Azarbaijan province. Hosseinynia & Malkeshi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 86. Orius albidipennis was used for the control of Thrips tabaci on carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) and compared with chemical methods and sticky traps. Releasing bugs is recommended in integrated control of carnation thrips. Hosseininia & Malkeshy 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 87. Chemical, biological, and integrated methods are compared for the control of Thrips tabaci on carnation under greenhouse conditions. Releasing bugs was found as the suitable method in integrated control of carnation thrips

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Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006 — proceedings article. Persian. Ref. 88. Experiments for the control of Thrips tabaci on flowers of carnation, with insecticide spray and with integrated treatment (spraying and use of the predatory bug Orius albidipennis), showed best results with the integrated method. Khanjani, Mirab-Balou, Eghbalian, Asali-Fayaz, Suri 2007 — abstract. English. Ref. 108. The study was carried out to collect natural enemies of the flowers thrips Haplothrips sp. found on marguerite. 6 species of insect predators on this thrips were collected, including Scolothrips sexmaculatus. There was high population of Orius niger (Anthocoridae) and secondly the anystid mite Anystis baccarum. Kosari & Kharazi-Pakdel 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 113. Predation rate and prey-preference of the predatory bug Orius albidipennis on 2nd stage larvae of onion thrips Thrips tabaci and on female two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae were compared under laboratory conditions. The female bug showed preference for 2nd larvae of onion thrips over the mite prey. The male bug did not show preference for either prey species. (see also Kosari et al. 2006, Ref. 114). Kosari, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Shojai, & Ostovan 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 114. Predation behavior parameters of Orius albidipennis were compared in laboratory conditions using 2nd larvae of Thrips tabaci and females of Tetranychus urticae as prey species, in two-choice tests and nonchoice tests. The predation rate of the female bug on the two prey species did not show significant difference, but the parameters of encounter rate, success rate, and handling time on second larvae of onion thrips showed significant difference between them. (see also Kosari et al. 2006, Ref. 113). Madadi, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Ashouri, J. Mohaghegh neyshabouri, Enkegaard, & Brodsgaard 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 117. Effect of host plant traits (physical characteristics of leaves) of pepper, eggplant, and cucumber on the functional response of the predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris to Thrips tabaci was studied: searching efficiency, handling time, mean prey consumption rate at different prey densities, and theoretical maximum predation rate. Malkeshi, Nasrollahi, & Ardeh 2001 — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 119. Mass production of the predatory bug Orius albidipennis was done to control ornamental pests including thrips. Three species of Thysanoptera are reported as favorite hosts for the bug: Thrips nr. hawaiiensis, Frankliniella nr. helianthi, Thrips tabaci. Mashhadi Jafarlo & Malkeshi 2000 — abstract. (Persian).Ref. 125. Experimental study on the control of Thrips tabaci population showed that release of bugs did not significantly decrease the thrips population, whereas treatment with insectide showed more favourable results. Minaei & Alichi 2002a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 132. 3 species of insects, including Aeolothrips intermedius, are identified as predators of R. syriacus. F. Salehi, Hadji-zadeh, Baniameri, Sahragard, & L. Salehi 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 173. Prey preference of the predatory bug Orius niger exposed to three prey species was studied: Thrips tabaci, Aphis gossypii, Tetranychus urticae. The preference index for T. tabaci and A. gossypii was nearly similar, but was much higher than for T. urticae.

3. Biology of thrips Akbarzadeh Shoukat 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 3. Seasonal population dynamics of grape thrips Rubiothrips vitis in Orumieh vineyards was studied. Akbarzadeh Shoukat & Shayesteh 2006 — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 5. Five species of thrips were found in Orumieh vineyards. Seasonal abundance of the predominant species Rubiothrips vitis was investigated on vegetative and reproductive parts of vines.


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Akbarzadeh shokat, Shayesteh, & Mostaan 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 6. Biology of Rubiothrips vitis in vine-rowing areas of Western Azarbaidjan. Alavi & Ahmadi-damghan 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 11. The occurrence, frequency, and distribution of species of thrips in farms of winter wheat and barley in Golestan province is studied. 32 species were found, of which two named species are mentioned: the dominant species Haplothrips tritici, and the second most abundant species, Sitothrips arabicus. Azmayesh Fard & Faridi 1993 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 22. Damage and population density of wheat thrips on three varieties of wheat and two varieties of barley were studied in Karaj and Zanjan. S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 38. Biology of Thrips tabaci on onion plants was studied in Safi-Abad region of Dezful (Khuzestan Province), and its occurrence on other plants. Persian, English. S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 39. Population fluctuations of Thrips tabaci were studied in Safi-Abad region of Dezful. Orius albidipennis was the most important predator. Emami 2004a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 51. Studies were carried out to find out the most attractant color for onion thrips in an infested cucumber greenhouse. Yellow colour was found to attract onion thrips the most. Emami 2004b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 52. Spatial distribution pattern of Thrips tabaci on greenhouse cucumber was studied. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak-sokhan 1999b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 57. Biology of Pseudodendrothrips mori is briefly described, which is major pest of mulberry orchards of Guilan province. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak Sokhan 2000c — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 60. Effect of pruning, on the population density mulberry thrips has veen studied. Etebari & Matindoost 2004 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 62. Effect of sprinkling irrigation and spring pruning on population density of Pseudodendrothrips mori on mulberry was studied. Fathi, Nori Ganbalani, Farshbaf, Haddad Irani-Nejad, & Valizadeh 2005 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 63. Wheat cultivars and their phenological stages in tritrophic interaction of wheat, Haplothrips tritici Kurd. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) and Orius niger. Hassan zadeh Salmasi, Hejazi, & Rahnemon 2003 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 81. Life cycle of Thrips tabaci was studied in insectarium under constant conditions. Life span of the adult, number of eggs laid per female, eggs laid per female per day, and the duration of developmental stages were determined. Reproduction was found to be thelytokous parthenogenesis, with the absence of males. Hesami, Etebari, Pourbabaei, & Kamelmanesh 2007 — journal article. English (summary in Chinese). Ref. 187. Spatial distribution of Pseudodendrothrips mori on mulberry trees was studied within plant and orchard. P. mori populations were localized in certain parts of the trees and fields. Larval instars were located on the lower canopy, the adults preferred the upper canopy. Adults and larvae on the leaves were had aggregated distribution. Jalali Sendi, Hasheminia, Etebari, & Shojaee 2001 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 90. Seasonal variations in populations of Pseudodendrothrips mori in mulberry orchards of Silk-worm Research Center Passikhan were studied by sampling on three varieties of mulberry. The biology of the species was studied by establishing a laboratory culture.

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Jalali Sendi, Hashemi-Nia, & Shojaee 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 91. Seasonal population variations of Pseudodendrothrips mori in different generations in mulberry orchards of Silk-worm Research Center Passikhan were studied. Kalafchi, Ebadi, & Mobli 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 95. Population density and damage of Thrips tabaci on 9 onion cultivars in Isfahan were studied. Kalafchi, Mobli, & Ebadi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 96. Population fluctuations of Thrips tabaci and its effect on bulbing and yield of some onion cultivars in Isfahan were studied. Spraying with effective insecticide caused reduction in population density, increased fresh and dry weight, reduced bulbing ratio, but did not affect yield. Kalafchi, Mobli, Ebadi, & Rezaei 2006 — journal article. Persian (summary in English). Ref. 97. Population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci and its effect on bulbing and yield of selected onion cultivars in Isfahan were studied. Treatment with profenophos caused reduction in population density. A. Khani, Moharramipour, & Hoseini 2000 — abstract. Persian, English.Ref. 100. Population density of the thrips on cotton in Kashmar was determined. High population of hibernated adult insects was found on crop plants and weeds during autumn and winter. A. Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2004 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 101. Developmental threshold and degree-day requirements of Thrips tabaci were determined under laboratory conditions. A. Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 102. The development time of the different stages of Thrips tabaci on cotton seedlings was studied at different temperatures under controlled conditions of temperature, RH, and photoperiod A. Khani, Moharramipour, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 103. Within-plant distribution of onion thrips Thrips tabaci on three cotton varieties in Kashmar has been studied in the field. Madadi, Kharrazi pakdel, Ashouri, J. Mohaghegh, & Ahmadi 2004 — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 115. Age specific fecundity life table parameters of Thrips tabaci were compared on cucumber, sweet pepper, and squash in laboratory: intrinsic rate of population increase, finite rate of increase, generation time, net reproductive rate, doubling time, gross reproductive rate. Madadi, Kharrazi-pakdel, Ashouri, & J. Mohaghegh Neyshabouri 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 116. Life history parameters of Thrips tabaci were investigated on cucumber, sweet pepper, and eggplant under laboratory conditions: intrinsic rate of population increase, finite rate of increase, mean generation time, doubling time, net reproductive rate. Mansouri, Ebadi, & Mobli 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 120. Comparison of population density and injury of Thrips tabaci on selected self and polycross genotypes of onion in Isfahan. Moharramipour, Khani, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 148. Seasonal population fluctuations of larvae and adults of Thrips tabaci on cotton var. Varamin in Kashmar were evaluated. Moharramipour, Kheirandish, & Kamali 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 149. Population dynamics of three phytophagous species of thrips (Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella intonsa, Haplothrips reuteri) and one predatory species (Aeolothrips intermedius) on two cultivars of rose in Kerman province.


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Mojeni 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 151. Population dynamics of Thrips tabaci in cotton fields in Golestan province Noori, Javan Moghaddam, Hosseini, & Amin 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 158. Population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci on cotton in cotton growing areas of Iran: Varamin (Tehran province), Mashad (Khorasan prov.), and Darab (Fars prov.). Rowshandel 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 169. Biology, economic importance, and host plants of Haplothrips tritici in Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari province. Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1993 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 174. Seasonal population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci on potato in Daran district (Isphahan) was studied. (see also Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1995, Ref. 175). Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1995 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 175. Seasonal population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci on potato in Daran district (Isphahan) was studied. (see also Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1993, Ref. 174). Shishehbor 1991 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 178. Study of population dynamics of Tetranychus turkestani and reduction of its population by Scolothrips sexmaculatus on castor bean in southwestern Iran. Takalloozadeh & Zohdi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 181. Biology of wheat thrips Haplothrips tritici in Kerman was studied under field and laboratory conditions. The population density of H. tritici has increased in recent years in wheat fields in Kerman.

4. Thrips on crops and other useful plants Primary literature Akbarzadeh shokat & Rezwani 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 4. Four species of thrips were found in vineyards in West Azarbaidjan. Rubiothrips vitis was the predominant species. Akbarzadeh Shoukat & Shayesteh 2006 — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 5. Five species of thrips were found in Orumieh vineyards. Seasonal abundance of the predominant species Rubiothrips vitis was investigated on vegetative and reproductive parts of vines. Alavi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 7. Thysanoptera fauna on wheat and barley in Golestan Province. 34 species are reported, 12 of which are new records for Iran fauna. Alavi 2004a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 9. 9 species of thrips are reported from olive trees in Golestan province, of which Aeolothrips gloriosus is new for Iran. Alavi & zur Strassen 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 16. Faunistic study for thrips on soybean fields in Golestan province. 14 species are reported, including two species new for Iran: Exothrips redox, Haplothrips eragrostidis. Alavi, zur Strassen, & Bagherani 2007 — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 17. Wheat and barley fields were sampled in Golestan province during two years, 1996–98, to determine the occurrence, frequency, and distribution of thrips species. 32 species belonging to 3 families and 16 genera were found. Haplothrips tritici was the dominant species, followed by Sitothrips arabicus which was the second most abundant species. Collection data, host plants, and distribution data for each species are given.

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Alemansour & Fallahzadeh 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 19. Seven species of thrips are reported from olive flowers in Fars province. M.R. Bagheri & Nasr Esfahani 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 26. Two species of thrips are reported among the insect fauna found on some medicinal plants in Esfahan. S. Bagheri 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 28. Three onion cultivars were tested in Dezful in respect of infestation and tolerance to Thrips tabaci. Bassiri, Sarvi, & Sarafrazi 1994 — short report. Persian, English. Ref. 42. Anaphothrips is reported on leaves of corn in Shiraz and Marvdasht. Etebari & Hesami 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 55. Thysanoptera fauna of grape orchards in Isfahan is studied. 10 species are recorded. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak-sokhan 1999a — short note. Persian. Ref. 56. Pseudodendrothrips mori is reported from mulberry trees of Gilan province, and is new for Iran fauna. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan 2000d — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 61. Three species of Thysanoptera are reported from mulberry fields in Gilan province: Pseudodendrothrips mori, Thrips tabaci, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, the first of these is the dominant species. Hemmati 1990 — journal article: insect fauna on grapevine in Khuzestan province. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 83. Retithrips sp. was found on grapevine leaves during survey of insect fauna on grapevine. Javadi 2002 — short note. Persian. Ref. 93. Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis is reported from Kiwi orchard in the west of Mazandaran province. Khani M, Haghiri, Naghdibadi, & Yazdani 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 104. Thrips tabaci was collected on fennel in studies on the fauna of medicinal plants in Tehran province. Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005a — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 105. Among pests of garlic in Hamadan province, one species of thrips (Thrips tabaci) was collected. Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005b — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 106. Among pests of Bu-Ali Sina medical garden in Hamadan, Thrips tabaci, along with two species of mites, was more abundant than other species. Mohagery, Fathizadeh, & Tabibnejad 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 145. Holarthrothrips josephi and Liothrips sp. are reported on date palms in Khuzestan province. Mohiseni, Kamali, & Alavi 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 150. 6 species of Thysanoptera are reported from Albizia lebbek and citrus in Ahwaz. Manzari & Gol-mohammadzadeh 1999 — short note. Persian. Ref. 123. Thrips hawaiiensis is reported on flowers of banana in Kahir and Uraky in Sistan-Baluchestan province, new for Iran fauna. Manzari & Golmohammadzadeh-Khiaban 2000 — short note. Persian. Ref. 124. Thrips hawaiiensis is reported on banana plantations in Kahir and Uraky in Sistan-Baluchestan province. Mehrnejad & Panahi 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 127. Liothrips austriacus was found infesting pistachio fruits with ruptured hulls either at early splits before maturation or in mature fruits with cracked hulls. The insect enters the fruits through the ruptured hulls. It lives in the mature fruits, mostly on mesocarp, but also on the kernel, and infests 0.0 to 0.75 % of pistachio nuts. There are always several thrips in each fruit. Development of fungus mildew is observed in


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thrips-infested fruits. The feeding behavior of the thrips before maturation of fruits, and basally on pistachio trees is not clear, and further studies are needed. Minaei & Alichi 2002a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 132. Three host plants are noted for the vine thrips Retithrips syriacus, and 3 species of insects, including Aeolothrips intermedius, are identified as predators of R. syriacus. Moodi 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 154. Two species of thrips are noted among insect fauna of Zizyphus jujuba in Birjand area.

5. Host preference and resistant varieties. Alimousavi, Hassandokht, & Moharramipour 2007 — journal article. English. Ref. 21. 15 genotypes of Iranian onion were studied to find out their resistance to thrips and their traits related to thrips resistance. Four of the genotypes, having glossy foliage, were found to be less susceptible to thrips. M.R. Bagheri & Afioni 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 24. 15 cultivars of wheat were investigated in Golpaygan area of Esfahan province for their resistance to Haplothrips tritici. The numbers of adult thrips did not significantly differ among the cultivars, but the numbers of nymphs were found to be significantly different. The lowest density of nymphs was found on two cultivars, Shotordandan and Rowshan. S. Bagheri 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 28. Three onion cultivars were tested in Dezful in respect of infestation and tolerance to Thrips tabaci. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan 2000a — journal article. Persian (summary in English). Ref. 58. Investigation of host preference of mulberry thrips Pseudodendrothrips mori on 4 improved varieties of mulberry in northern Iran. Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan 2000b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 59. Host preference of Pseudodendrothrips mori on 4 improved varieties of mulberry in northern Iran. Fathi Hafshejani, Abbasifar, Hemmati, & Yousefi 2002 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 64. 15 native onion massses from national gene bank in Iran were studied for their resistance or tolerance to Thrips tabaci in Marekazi province. Hemmati & Benedictos 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 84. 131 accessions of local Iranian onions from National Plant Gene Bank of Iran were evaluated for resistance to Thrips tabaci under natural infestation in Karadj fields. Mansouri, Ebadi, & Mobli 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 120. Population density and injury of Thrips tabaci were compared on selected self and polycross genotypes of onion in Isfahan. Nouri Moghadam, Habibi, Aftabi, Akbari Noshad, Mortazawibak, & M. R. Bagheri 2000 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 159. Tolerance or relative resistance of commercial onion varieties to Thrips tabaci in three regions (Karaj, Tabriz, and Esfahan) was studied. Nouri Moghadam, Jaliani, Habibi, & Ali Akbar 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 160. 50 land races of original onion were screened for resistance to onion thrips. Five races have shown tolerance to onion thrips. Yousefi & Abasifar 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 185. Tolerance of white Khomein onion (bred from Native White Khomein) and seven other onion cultivars in Iran to Thrips tabaci was studied, using several parameters. Experiments were also carried out with insec-

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ticide treatment. Overall, no difference in yield was found between sprayed and unsprayed blocks of all cultivars taken together.

6. Thrips tabaci populations and bulbing and yield of onion cultivars Hatami, Khajeh Ali, Mobli, & Sabzalian 2006 — abstract. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 82. Effect of different irrigation regimes and insecticide application on onion thrips Thrips tabaci, bulbing ratio, and bulb yield were studied, so as to find the irrigation treatment giving maximum bulb yield. Delayed irrigation reduced thrips population, and resulted in higher bulbing ratio. Spraying also reduced thrips populations and consequently increased fresh and dry weights, plant height, bulbing ratio, and bulb yield. Kalafchi, Mobli, Ebadi, & Rezaei 2006 — journal article. Persian (summary in English). Ref. 97. Population fluctuation of Thrips tabaci and its effect on bulbing and yield of selected onion cultivars were studied in Isfahan. Spraying caused reduction in population density, increased fresh and dry weight, reduced bulbing ratio, but did not affect yield.

7. Thrips as predators Primary literature. Afshari, Mossadegh, & Kamali 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 2. Three species of Scolothrips are found as predators of Tetranychid mites Al-e-Mansoor & Ahmadi 1993 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 18. Scolothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is listed as one of the predators of cotton whitefly. S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Mohammadi 2005 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 34. 8 species of predatory thrips are noted on medicinal plants in Khuzestan province, of which 2 species are new records for Iran: Rhipidothrips unicolor, Liothrips pragensis. Eghbalian, Khanjani, Pourmirza, & Mirab-Balou 2007 — abstract. English. Ref. 50. The predatory response of Scolothrips sixmaculatus was studied on the brown mite Bryobia rubrioculus, which is one of the most important pests of cherry and plum trees in Hamedan. Ghahhari & Hatami 2000 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 66. Two species of predator thrips are reported among natural enemies of whiteflies in Isfahan Province: Aeolothrips collaris, Scolothrips longicornis. Gheibi & Soleiman negadian 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 67. Biology of Scolothrips longicornis was studied under laboratory conditions, including development time, single generation (from egg to egg), at different temperatures. The feeding capacity of different age groups of the thrips on Tetranychus turkestani was also studied. Gheibi, Soleiman nejadian, & Shisheh bor 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 68. Functional response and mutual interference of Scolothrips longicornis as an important predator of Tetranychus turkestani were studied. Gheibi, Soleymannejadian, & Shishebor 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 69 Reproductive parameters of Scolothrips longicornis were studied as predator of Tetranychus turkestani. These include demographic studies when fed on T. turkestani, such as life table and reproductive table, such as gross reproductive rate, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of natural increase, and finite rate of increase, eggs per female/day, fertile eggs per female/day, gross hatch rate, net age fertility, mean net age fecundity, net fertility rate, and net fecundity rate, and sex ratio of offspring.


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Khanjani & Mirab Balou 2005c — proceedings article. English. Ref. 108. Two species of Thripidae, Taeniothrips inconsequens and Thrips albopilosus, are listed among predators of eriophyid mites. These two species of thrips “were regularly found among the leaf galls but information on their biology and efficiency is still lacking”. [However, in literature these species of thrips are known to be phytophagous, and not predatory]. Mahghari & Ostovan 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 118. Four species of predatory thrips were found among insect predators on whiteflies in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. Feeding efficiency of the predators was determined on different life stages of Bemisia tabaci Minaei & Alichi 2000b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 130. 5 species of predatory thrips are reported from Fars Province. Minaei & Alichi 2002b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 133. Among insect predators of Siphoninus phillyreae (Aleyrodidae) in Shiraz region, three species of thrips are reported: Aeolothrips intermedius, Aeol. versicolor, Scolothrips latipennis. Rajabi Mazhar & Sadeghi 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 166. During search for the natural enemies of Psyllopsis repens, an important pest of ash trees in Hamadan province, 6 species of predators were collected while feeding on the pest in the field. One of these predators is Aeolothrips intermedius. Rajabi Mazhar & Sadeghi 2007 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 166. Aeolothrips intermedius is listed as a predator of Psyllopsis repens (Hom: Psyllidae), which is an important pest of ash trees and induces galls on the plant. Said-Pour & Daneshvar 1993 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 172. Scolothrips sp. is noted as one of the predators of the fig mite Eotetranychus hirsti in Fars and Tehran provinces Secondary literature. Khanjani & Haddad Irani-Nejad 2006 — book: on injurious mites of agricultural crops in Iran. Persian. Ref. (26). Scolothrips sexmaculatus is noted as predator of 6 species of mites in Iran: Bryobia rubioculus, Eutetranychus orientalis, Panonychus citri, Petrobia latens, Phytoptus pyri. (Shojai 1989 — book: on entomology, vol. 3). Persian. Ref. (40). One species of thrips, Aeolothrips intermedius, has been collected as predator of poplar leaf aphid.

8. Mites living on thrips Saboori, Hajiqanbar, & Haddad Irani-nejad 2003 — journal article. English. Ref. 170. Iranitrombium miandoabicum Saboori & Hajiqanbar (Acari: Trombidiidae), a new genus and species of mite on first instar larva of Thripidae (probably Thrips tabaci), is described.

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9. Thrips and Tospoviruses Three thrips–related Tospoviruses have been reported in Iran: 1. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), 2. Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), 3. The third Tospovirus in Iran is known by three names (ToVV, TYRV, TYFRV): Tomato Varamin virus (ToVV): Ghotbi, Gilasian, & Shahraeen 2003; Ghotbi, Shahraeen, & Winter 2005. Tomato yellow ring virus (TYRV): Hassani-Mehraban, Saaijer, Peters, Goldbach, & Kormelink 2005. Tomato yellow fruit ring virus (TYFRV): Golnaraghi, Pourrahim, Farzafdar, Ohshima, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2007. Primary literature. Babaie & Izadpanah 2003 — journal article. English. Ref. 23. Along with 24 other species of insects, Thrips tabaci was found to be a non-vector of Eggplant mottled dwarf virus (EMDV), as shown by lack of symptoms on inoculated test plants and negative ELISA results. Ghotbi & Baniameri 2006 — abstract. English. Ref. 70. Ornamental plant samples infected by TSWV and INSV viruses, and found positive with ELISA, were collected from glasshouse and cultivation areas of Pakdasht and Mahallat. Five species of thrips were identified on these plants. Only T. tabaci transmitted TSWV isolate in transmission tests in greenhouse, but did not transmit INSV in biological tests. Colonies of T. tabaci were infected by TSWV and INSV, this species had population abundance in greenhouses, and had high transmission ability. Ghotbi, Gilasian, & Shahraeen 2003 — short report. Persian, English. Ref. 71. Three species of thrips from ornamental plants in Markazi and Tehran provinces were tested for detection of Tospoviruses using ELISA tests, and were found positive for antibodies to TSWV, ToVV, and INSV. Ghotbi, Shahraeen, & Winter 2005 — journal article. English. Ref. 72. Four tospoviruses were detected from ornamental plants in Markazi (Mahallat) and Tehran provinces: TSWV, INSV, IYSV, and a new Tospovirus sp. ToVV (Tomato Varamin virus). T. tabaci was found ELISA positive for INSV, TSWV, and ToVV; whereas M. abdominalis tested positive for TSWV, ToVV. Golnaraghi, Pourrahim, Farzafdar, Ohshima, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2007 — journal article. English. Ref. 75. Thrips tabaci was identified for the first time as vector of Tomato yellow fruit ring virus (TYFRV). The virus was also detected in some weed species and for the first time in Datura metel and D. stramonium. Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, Pourrahim, Farzadfar, & Ghasemi 2004 — journal article. English. Ref. 74. A survey was conducted to determine the incidence and distribution of viruses infecting soybean (Glycine max) in Iran. High populations of Thrips tabaci Lindeman observed in soybean fields were found infected with TSWV. In ELISA, Tospovirus infection of trapped thrips was detected. Hassani-Mehraban, Saaijer, Peters, Goldbach, & Kormelink 2005 — journal article. English. Ref. 79. During a period coinciding with large thrips infestations, a novel tospo-like virus (Bunyaviridae) was isolated from tomato in the Varamin area, which is characterized and named as Tomato yellow ring virus (TYRV). Presence of Thrips tabaci in tomato crops at the time of sample collection raised suspicion that this might be a potential vector species of TYRV. However, transmission experiments with T. tabaci and with other species (including Frankliniella occidentalis, T. palmi) failed to identify any of them as vector. Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2007 — symposium article. English. Ref. 140 Knowledge of the pest species in Iran is summarized. Four known vector species of Tospoviruses are known in Iran: Frankliniella intonsa, F. occidentalis, F. schultzei, and Thrips tabaci.


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Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has been recorded in Iran, and transmission of cineraria (Senecio sp.) isolate of TSWV by Thrips tabaci has been confirmed. Recently a new Tospovirus species infecting tomato namely ‘Tomato fruit yellow ring virus’ has been recorded in Iran. Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 162. Spread of TSWV on potato plants in Firozkoh (Tehran province) was associated with presence of Thrips tabaci. ELISA test revealed the presence of TSWV in the thrips and in Trifolium spp. weeds growing close to seed potato fields. Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Moini, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2001 — journal article. English. Ref. 163. Severe leaf and stem necrosis before flowering was observed in potato fields of Firouzkoh, Iran, during summer 1998, the infected plants dying before the end of growing season. High population of Thrips tabaci was observed in August and September. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was detected in affected potatoes by using specific TSWV-IgG in DAS– ELISA and by indicator plant reactions. This is the first report of TSWV occurrence on potatoes in Iran. Mechanical inoculation of indicator plants with leaf extracts of symptomatic potatoes produce necrotic local lesions in 8 other plants, and systemic necrosis in 6 further plant species preceded by systemic chlorotic spots. Rasoulpour & Izadpanah 2003 — short report. Persian, English. Ref. 167. Four populations of the onion thrips Thrips tabaci were investigated for their ability to transmit a TSWV isolate. Three of the four populations of T. tabaci were able to transmit TSWV originating from a greenhouse in Shiraz, but with differing efficiency. This is the first report on transmission of TSWV by T. tabaci in Iran. Rasoulpour R. & K. Izadpanah 2007 — journal article. English. Ref. 168. A tospovirus, isolated from naturally infected cineraria plants in commercial greenhouses in Shiraz, Iran, induced rings and chlorotic and necrotic spots on leaves, growth reduction and death of the plants. This virus has been found to be a strain of Tomato yellow ring virus (TYRV). The cineraria isolate of TYRV, however, appears to have a different experimental host range compared to tomato isolates of the virus. Shahraeen, Ghotbi, & Mehraban 2002 — journal article (disease notes). English. Ref. 176. Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) was detected in commercial nurseries and field-grown ornamentals in Mahallat (Markazi) and Tehran provinces of Iran. Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella intonsa were often found at the sites of INSV infection.

10. Taxonomy of thrips Bhatti & Telmadarraiy 2003 — proceedings article. English. Ref. 43. A new species of eremophilous thrips from Iran is described. Bhatti, Telmadarraiy, Kumar, & Tyagi 2003 — journal article. English. Ref. 44. The genus Eremiothrips in Iran is revised, with key to 8 species. A new species, Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telmadarraiy, is described from Iran. Minaei, Azemayeshfard, & Mound 2007a — journal article. English. Ref. 141. Problems in character state definition and interpretation in Haplothrips-group and their implications for identification and taxonomy are discussed. The reputedly pointed mouth cone in species of Neoheegeria is shown to be an artifact produced by cover slip pressure in slide-mounted specimens. The genus Neoheegeria is redefined to include species with three sensoria on the third antennal segment. Haplothrips subgenus Gigaplothrips Priesner is treated as synonym. Four species are included in Neoheegeria and a key is provided for their separation: N. dalmatica Schmutz (new synonyms: N. ballotae Priesner, N. hamanni Priesner, N. nevskyi Moulton) (Croatia, Iran, Turkey,

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Algeria, Uzbekistan); N. gigantea (Priesner) (Egypt, Morocco), N. persica Priesner (Iran), N. sinaitica Priesner (Egypt). Six species with less than three sensoria on the third antennal segment are transferred to Haplothrips: H. biroi (Priesner), H. faurei (zur Strassen), H. hrasvamukha (Ramakrishna), H. johni (Priesner), H. lederi (Priesner), H. verbasci (Osborn). Neoheegeria montanus Ananthakrishnan & Jagadish1970 is transferred to Xylaplothrips. Minaei, Azemayesh Fard, & Mound 2007b — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 142. Four genera in the Thrips genus-group in Iran are separated by a key: Microcephalothrips, Sphaeropothrips, Stenothrips, Thrips. The genus Sphaeropothrips and its only species S. vittipennis are recorded in Iran for the first time, and a species diagnosis is provided. Specimens are listed from Iran and Japan. Minaei & Mound 2007 — symposium abstract. English. Ref. 143. Study of six populations of the wheat thrips Haplothrips tritici collected from three provinces of Iran shows considerable variations in numerical as well as descriptive character states, indicating that records of H. cerealis from Iran are probably misidentifications. The only common species of Haplothrips on Poaceae in Iran is H. tritici. Variations within populations of H. tritici in Iran include all differences known to distinguish H. tritici from H. cerealis.

11. Faunistics Primary literature. Abai 1984 — book: list of pests of forest trees and shrubs of Iran. English, Persian. (2nd edition 2000). Ref. 1. Based on actual collections of pests from different parts of Iran, 5 named species of Thysanoptera, and unidentified species of Thrips from 3 different genera of plants are listed. Abaii 2000 — book: lists pests of forest trees and shrubs of Iran; 2nd edition of Abai 1984. English, Persian. Ref. 1a. Lists 5 named species of Thysanoptera, besides unidentified species of Thrips from 4 different genera of plants. Alavi 2004a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 9. 9 species of thrips are reported from olive trees in Golestan province, of which Aeolothrips gloriosus is new for Iran. Alavi 2004b — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 10. A list of 53 species known from Bojnourd is given. Two of these species are new for Iran: Thrips vuilleti, Tenothrips latoides. Alavi & Kamali 1995 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 12. Faunistic survey of phytophagous and predatory Thysanoptera from Bojnourd. 35 species are reported, 20 of which are new to Iran. (see also Alavi & Kamali 2002, 2003). Alavi & Kamali 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 13. Faunistic survey of Thysanoptera of Bojnourd. Adds 7 more species new to Iran. (see also Alavi & Kamali 1995, 2003). Alavi & Kamali 2003 — journal article. English. Ref. 14. This is the third and final report on the faunistic study on Thysanoptera in Bojnourd region (1993–95). 53 species are included, of which two species new for Iran: Tenothrips latoides, Thrips vuilleti. Complete collection data of the species are given. Alavi & Mohiseni 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 15. Psilothrips bimaculatus is newly reported from Iran, found in Ahwaz on Albizia sp. (see also Mohiseni, Kamali, & Alavi 1998).


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Alavi & zur Strassen 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 16. Faunistic study for thrips on soybean fields in Golestan province. 14 species are reported, including two species new for Iran: Exothrips redox, Haplothrips eragrostidis. M.R. Bagheri, Alavi, & Nematollahi 2003 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 25. Sampling from different fields in Esfahan province during 1997–2002 resulted in the finding of 7 species of thrips. One species, Aeolothrips versicolor, is stated to be the first record for Iran fauna S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 29. 20 species Thysanoptera, in the families Thripidae and Phlaeothripidae, are recorded in a faunistic survey on forest and rangeland plants in Khuzestan province. 8 of these species are new for Iran fauna. S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006b — short article. Persian, English. Ref. 30. A single specimen of Rhipidothrips unicolor was collected in Shahion area of Dezful during a study on Thysanoptera fauna of forest and rangelands in Khuzestan province. This is a new record for the fauna of Iran. S. Bagheri & Alavi 2007 — short article. Persian, English. Ref. 31. During studies carried out to identify Thysanoptera fauna of forests and rangelands of Khuzestan, Dendrothrips karnyi was found on Vitex pseudo-negundo in Fadak Botanic Garden of Dezful. This is a new record for the fauna of Iran. S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Behnamfar 2005 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 32. 16 species of Thysanoptera of family Thripidae are reported from some medicinal plants in Khuzestan province. One species, Oxythrips retamae, is new record for Iran. S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Kajbaf-vala 2002 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 33. 10 species of Thysanoptera are reported on forest and rangeland plants in Khuzestan province. S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Yousef Naanaie 2005 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 35. Faunistic survey of thrips on forest and rangeland plants in Khuzestan province. 10 species are reported. S. Bagheri & Mosadegh 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 37. Natural enemies of Thrips tabaci were studied in onion fields of Khuzestan province. Six species of insects were found as predators on the thrips, including one species of thrips (Aeolothrips collaris). Barkhordari, Samet, & Farzaneh 1981 — journal article: insects and acarine fauna of Tamarix in Iran. French, Persian. Ref. 41. Liothrips reuteri is listed among insects on Tamarix in Jiroft. Bhatti, zur Strassen, & Telmadarraiy 2003 — proceedings article. English. Ref. 45. Check–list of Iranian thrips is provided. 161 species from Iran are listed. 54 references on the faunistics of Iran thrips are given. Cheraghian 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 46. Intensive survey for detection of quarantine pests in different regions of Iran resulted in the finding of 4 species of thrips for the first time in Iran: Dendrothrips phyllireae, Haplothrips vuilleti, Indothrips bhushani, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus. Cheraghian & Barimani Varandi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 47. As a result of intensive survey for detection of quarantine pests, 9 species of thrips were identified. Three of these are reported from Iran for the first time: Aeolothrips insularis, Mycterothrips latus, Haplothrips andresi. Cheraghian & Hojat 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 48. 43 species of Thysanoptera collected from Ahwaz region in Khuzestan are listed, 16 of these species are new records for Iran.

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Gilasian, Moharramipour, & Alavi 2000 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 73. Faunistic survey of Thysanoptera on field crops, ornamental plants, and weeds in Gorgan resulted in the finding of 26 species of Thysanoptera, 5 of which are new for Iran fauna. Haghighian & Sadeghi 2003 — scientific note. Persian, English. Ref. 76. Mycterothrips salicis (Reuter) was collected on Populus alba in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary province. It is new for Iran fauna. Hasani & Fallahzadeh 2005 — scientific note. Persian, English. Ref. 78. One specimen of Liothrips austriacus collected on Pistacia atlantica in Kerman province is reported. This species is new for the fauna of Iran. Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 80. Survey of the insect fauna of onion fields in East Azarbaijan province showed that Thrips tabaci is found to be the most prevalent insect pest. Aeolothrips fasciatus and Orius niger are the dominant predatory species in T. tabaci colonies. Seven species of Thysanoptera were collected. Hemmati 1990 — journal article: insect fauna on grapevine in Khuzestan province. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 83. Retithrips sp. was found on grapevine leaves during survey of insect fauna on grapevine. Jafari & Fallahzadeh 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 89. Eight species of Thysanoptera were found in a faunistic study on wheat in Lorestan province. Jalili Moghadam & Azmayesh Fard 2004 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 92. 20 species of Thysanoptera collected in Tehran and Mahallat are listed. Two species are new for Iran fauna: Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips vulgatissimus. Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000a — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 109. 6 species of Phlaeothripidae are recorded as new for Kerman fauna, three of which are new for Iran fauna. Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000b — abstract. English, Persian. Ref. 110. 29 species of Terebrantian Thysanoptera are reported, all of which are new records for Kerman fauna. four of these species are new for Iran fauna. Manzari 1999 — short note. Persian. Ref. 121. Two species of thrips are reported from Sistan area in Sistan-Baluchestan province: Scolothrips indicus, Chirothrips pedestris. Manzari 2004 — short note. Persian. Ref. 122. Two species of thrips new to the fauna of Iran are reported: Chirothrips pedestris, Scolothrips indicus. Manzari & Gol-mohammadzadeh 1999 — short note. Persian. Ref. 123. Thrips hawaiiensis is reported on flowers of banana in Kahir and Uraky in Sistan-Baluchestan province, new for Iran fauna. Minaei 2002 — abstract. Persian. Ref. 128. Five species of Thysanoptera are reported on oak and hawthorn in forests in Fars Province. Minaei & Alichi 2000a — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 129. 18 species are new records from Fars Province. Minaei & Alichi 2002c — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 134. Two species of Idolothripinae are reported for the first time from Iran: Megathrips flavipes, Pseudocryptothrips meridionalis. Minaei & Alichi 2001 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 131. Seven species of Haplothrips from Shiraz region are dealt with. One species is new for Iran: H. subtilissimus.


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Minaei & Alichi 2007 — symposium article. English. Ref. 135. 42 species of Thysanoptera of Shiraz and vicinity are listed, belonging to 23 genera in 5 families. Two of these species are new for Fars province. Minaei, Alichi, & Ahmadi 2001 — journal article. English (abstract in Persian). Ref. 136. 9 species of Aeolothripidae collected in a survey of Thysanoptera in Fars Province are reported. Data on associated plants and numbers of specimens is also given. Three of these species are first records from Iran Minaei, Alichi, & Asadi 2002 — journal article. (Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 137. 21 species of Thripidae are reported from Shiraz region, three of which are new for Iran: Chirothrips kurdistanus, C. pallidicornis, Odontothrips meliloti. Minaei & Asadi 2004 — scientific note. Persian, English. Ref. 138. Liothrips pragensis is found on three plant species in Fars province. It is the first report of the species from Iran. Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2005 — poster. English. Ref. 139. Faunistic survey of Thysanoptera in Karaj region. 18 species are listed, with one species new to Iran fauna: Aeolothrips albicinctus. Mohagery, Fathizadeh, & Tabibnejad 1998 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 145. Holarthrothrips josephi and Liothrips sp. are reported on date palms in Khuzestan province. H. Mohaghegh & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 146. 17 species of Thysanoptera are listed from Yazd. Moharramipour, Gilasian, Alavi, Talebi, & Fathipour 2001 — journal article. Persian. Ref. 147. Biodiversity of Thysanoptera on field crops and ornamental plants in Gorgan was studied. 22 species of thrips were noted, although names of only 9 species are mentioned. Mortazaviha 1995 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 155. 15 species of Thysanoptera new for the fauna of Iran are listed. Mortazawiha & Dern 1977 — journal article. German (with Persian abstract, comprising literature review and thrips in agriculture). Ref. 156. This first consolidated list of Thysanoptera of Iran includes 35 species. 26 species of thrips collected by the authors in 4 provinces of Iran: Markazi, “Gorgan”, Mazandaran, Kerman are reported. 22 of these species were collected in Markazi province, where the authors were located. 16 species represent first reports for Iran. Identifications by R. zur Strassen. Namvar & Kheirandish 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 157. Adult thrips were collected from different citrus varieties and weeds in citrus orchards of Jiroft and Kahnooj (Kerman province). Five species were identified: Haplothrips flavicinctus, Odontothrips confusus, Scirtothrips citri, Thrips meridionalis, Thrips tabaci. S. citri was the predominant species, except in Dalfard in the north of Jiroft where Thrips tabaci was found in relatively high density on the citrus varieties. Pirafkan, Kamali, Ostovan, & Manzari 2006 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 161. Faunistic study of Thysanoptera in Pakdasht region of Tehran province. Reports 24 species of thrips in 16 genera in 3 families (Thripidae, Aeolothripidae, Phlaeothripidae), including two species new for Iran fauna: Eremiothrips antilope, Thrips pelikani. Teraz & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002 — abstract. Persian, English. Ref. 182. 26 species of Thysanoptera are listed, resulting from faunistic investigation of Thysanoptera in Jiroft.

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Yarmand, Sadeghi, Mohammadi, Ebrahimi, & Seif Allahi 2006 — journal article. Persian (abstract in English). Ref. 183. In a survey of arthropods on rangeland medicinal plants in three provinces, Haplothrips sp. is listed from common chamomile. Secondary literature. (Mossadegh & Kocheili 2003 — book: semi-descriptive checklist of identified species of agricultural and medical arthropods and other pests from Khuzestan, Iran). Persian. Ref. (32) 44 species of Thysanoptera are listed from 11 localities in Khuzestan, taken on 52 species of plants. (Salavatian 1996 — book: plant quarantine in Iran (pests, diseases and weeds)). English. Ref. (37). Four species of Thysanoptera are reported as plant quarantine elements in Iran.


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Identifications of thrips in Iranian studies Species determination of the insects being handled is a crucial input and is the most important component in any entomological study. Species names constitute the basic vocablary common to all disciplines of entomology. Hence, the authenticity / correctness of identifications is imperative. In Iranian studies on the faunistics of Thysanoptera, the following scientists either identified the insects or confirmed the identifications by the Iranian scientists. Information on the sources of identifications is not known to us for 97 references. R. zur Strassen. Identification, or confirmation of identifications, by R. zur Strassen has contributed to 48 publications by Iranian scientists, from 1977 to 2007, featuring 42 Iranian authors. From the early 1970s onwards, zur Strassen has identified more than 130 species of Thysanoptera for various Iranian entomologists, and many of these species have turned up over and over again from different institutions. 4 Akbarzadeh shokat & Rezwani 1998 (zur Strassen, Bournier) 5 Akbarzadeh Shoukat & Shayesteh 2006 (zur Strassen, Bournier) 6 Akbarzadeh shokat, Shayesteh, & Mostaan 1998 (zur Strassen, Bournier; cf. Ref. No. 5) (not stated) 7 Alavi 2000 (zur Strassen) 8 Alavi 2002 (zur Strassen) 9 Alavi 2004a (zur Strassen) 10 Alavi 2004b (zur Strassen, Nakahara, Bhatti, Alavi) (not stated) 11 Alavi & Ahmadi-damghan 2004 (zur Strassen) (not stated) 12 Alavi & Kamali 1995 (Nakahara, zur Strassen) 13 Alavi & Kamali 2002 (zur Strassen, Nakahara) 14 Alavi & Kamali 2003 (zur Strassen, Nakahara, Bhatti, Alavi) 15 Alavi & Mohiseni 2002 (zur Strassen) 16 Alavi & zur Strassen 2002 (zur Strassen) (not stated) 17 Alavi, R. zur Strassen, & Bagherani 2007 (zur Strassen, Alavi) (not stated) 19 Alemansour & Fallahzadeh 2004 (zur Strassen) 20 Alichi & Minaei 2000 (zur Strassen, Mound) (not stated, but see Minaei 2000) 29 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006a (zur Strassen, Bhatti) 30, 31 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006b, 2007 (zur Strassen) 32 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Behnamfar 2005 (zur Strassen) 34 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Mohammadi 2005 (zur Strassen) 35 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Yousef Naanaie 2005 (zur Strassen, Alavi) 42 Bassiri, Sarvi, & Sarafrazi 1994 (zur Strassen = ‘Senckenberg Natural History Museum, Germany’) (8) Behdad 1996 (zur Strassen = ‘Senckenberg Natural History Museum, Germany’) (stated for two species: Anaphothrips sudanensis, Caliothrips gramincola) 46 Cheraghian 2000 (zur Strassen) 47 Cheraghian & Barimani Varandi 2000 (zur Strassen) 48 Cheraghian & Hojat 1998 (Nakahara, zur Strassen) 55 Etebari & Hesami 2002 (zur Strassen) 61 Etebari, Jalali, & Tak Sokhan 2000d (zur Strassen)

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73 Gilasian, Moharramipour, & Alavi 2000 (zur Strassen) 76 Haghighian & Sadeghi 2003 (zur Strassen) 78 Hasani & Fallahzadeh 2005 (zur Strassen) 89 Jafari & Fallahzadeh 2004 (zur Strassen) 109, 110 Kheyrandish Koshkoei, Moharramipour, & Kamali 2000a, b (zur Strassen) 127 Mehrnejad & Panahi 2006 (not stated) (zur Strassen) 128 Minaei 2002 (zur Strassen) 129 Minaei & Alichi 2000a (zur Strassen) 130 Minaei & Alichi 2000b (zur Strassen, Mound) (not stated, but see Minaei 2000) 133 Minaei & Alichi 2002b (zur Strassen, Goldarazena) 134 Minaei & Alichi 2002c (Mound, zur Strassen) 135 Minaei & Alichi 2007 (zur Strassen, Mound, Goldarazena) (not stated) (see Ref. No. 21, 127–128, 130–131, 133, 135–137) 136 Minaei, Alichi, & Ahmadi 2001 (zur Strassen) 137 Minaei, Alichi, & Asadi 2002 (zur Strassen) 138 Minaei & Asadi 2004 (zur Strassen) (not stated) 147 Moharramipour, Gilasian, Alavi, Talebi, & Fathipour 2001 (zur Strassen, cf. Gilasian 2000) (not stated) 155 Mortazaviha 1995 (zur Strassen) 156 Mortazawiha & Dern 1977 (zur Strassen) A. Bournier.

4 Akbarzadeh shokat & Rezwani 1998 (zur Strassen, Bournier) 5 Akbarzadeh Shoukat & Shayesteh 2006 (zur Strassen, Bournier) 80 Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997 (Bournier) (A. fasciatus; other species identified by the authors)

S. Nakahara. Identification or confirmation by Nakahara in 6 publications. 10 Alavi 2004b (zur Strassen, Nakahara, Bhatti, Alavi) (not stated) 12 Alavi & Kamali 1995 (Nakahara, zur Strassen) 13 Alavi & Kamali 2002 (zur Strassen, Nakahara) 14 Alavi & Kamali 2003 (zur Strassen, Nakahara, Bhatti, Alavi) 48 Cheraghian & Hojat 1998 (Nakahara, zur Strassen) 150 Mohiseni, Kamali, & Alavi 1998 (Nakahara, Alavi) L. A. Mound. Identification or confirmation by Mound in 6 publications. 20 Alichi & Minaei 2000 (zur Strassen, Mound) (not stated, but see Minaei 2000) 130 Minaei & Alichi 2000b (zur Strassen, Mound, cf. Minaei 2000) (not stated) 131 Minaei & Alichi 2001 (Mound, Goldarazena) 134 Minaei & Alichi 2002c (Mound, zur Strassen) 135 Minaei & Alichi 2007 (zur Strassen, Mound, Goldarazena) (not stated) 141, 142 Minaei, Azemayeshfard, & Mound 2007a, b (Mound) (not stated) 143 Minaei & Mound 2007 (Mound) (not stated) A. Goldarazena. 93 Jalili Moghadam & Azmayesh Fard 2004 (Bhatti, Goldarazena) 131 Minaei & Alichi 2001 (Mound, Goldarazena) 133 Minaei & Alichi 2002b (zur Strassen, Goldarazena) 135 Minaei & Alichi 2007 (zur Strassen, Mound, Goldarazena) (not stated)


J. S. Bhatti.

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10 Alavi 2004b (zur Strassen, Nakahara, Bhatti, Alavi) (not stated) 14 Alavi & Kamali 2003 (zur Strassen, Nakahara, Bhatti, Alavi) 29 S. Bagheri & Alavi 2006 (zur Strassen, Bhatti) 43 Bhatti & Telmadarraiy 2003 44 Bhatti, Telmadarraiy, Kumar, & Tyagi 2003 (Bhatti) 92 Jalili Moghadam & Azmayesh Fard 2004 (Bhatti, Goldarazena)

J. Alavi.

10 Alavi 2004b (zur Strassen, Nakahara, Bhatti, Alavi) (not stated) 14 Alavi & Kamali 2003 (zur Strassen, Nakahara, Bhatti, Alavi) 17 Alavi, zur Strassen, & Bagherani 2007 (zur Strassen, Alavi) (not stated) 25 M. R. Bagheri, Alavi, & Namatollahi 2003 (Alavi) (not stated) 33 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Kajbaf-vala 2002 (Alavi, S. Bagheri) (not stated) 35 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Yousef Naanaie 2005 (zur Strassen, Alavi) 37 S. Bagheri & Mossadegh 2000 (Alavi) (not stated) 150 Mohiseni, Kamali, & Alavi 1998 (Nakahara, Alavi) 153 Mojeni & Alavi 1998 (Alavi) (not stated) 154 Moodi 2002 (Alavi) (not stated)

S. Manzari.

56 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 1999a (Manzari) 121 Manzari 1999 (Manzari) (not stated) 122 Manzari 2004 (Manzari) (not stated) 123 Manzari & Golmohammadzadeh-Khiaban 1999 (Manzari) (not stated) 124 Manzari & Golmohammadzadeh-Khiaban 2000 (Manzari) (not stated) 161 Pirafkan, Kamali, Ostovan, & Manzari 2006 (presumably Manzari) (not stated)

K. Minaei.

132 Minaei & Alichi 2002a (Minaei) (not stated) 139 Minaei & Azemayeshfard 2005 (Minaei) (not stated)

M. Kheyrandish Koshkoei. 146 Mohaghegh & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002 (Kheyrandish Koshkoei) (not stated) 149 Moharramipour, Kheirandish, & Kamali 2000 (presumably Kheyrandish) (not stated) 157 Namvar & Kheirandish 2006 (presumably Kheyrandish) (not stated) 182 Teraz & Kheyrandish Koshkoei 2002 (Kheyrandish Koshkoei) (not stated) S. Bagheri.

33 S. Bagheri, Alavi, & Kajbaf-vala 2002 (Alavi, S. Bagheri) (not stated) 166 Rajabi Mazhar & Sadeghi 2006 (S. Bagheri) (not stated)

E. Gilasian.

26 M. R. Bagheri & Nasr Esfahani 2002 (Gilasian) (not stated) 70 Ghotbi & Baniameri 2006 (not stated) 71 Ghotbi, Gilasian, & Shahraeen 2003 (Gilasian) (not stated) 72 Ghotbi, Shahraeen, & Winter 2005 (Gilasian) (not stated) 93 Javadi 2002 (Gilasian) (not stated) 99 Keyhanian, Taghizadeh, Taghaddosi, & Khajehzadeh 2005 (Identification of insects was done using common keys and taxonomic references) (and Gilasian) (not stated)

A. Afshari

2 Afshari, Mossadegh, & Kamali 2000 (Afshari) (not stated)

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Identifications by the authors. 3 Akbarzadeh Shoukat 2000 (presumably the author, based on Ref. No. 5) 53 Etebari 2002 (Pseudodendrothrips mori) (not stated) (cf. also Ref. No. 57, identified by Manzari) 54 Etebari & Bizhannia 2006 (Pseudodendrothrips mori) (not stated) 57 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 1999b (Pseudodendrothrips mori) (not stated) 58–60 Etebari, Jalali, & Taksokhan 2000a–c (Pseudodendrothrips mori) (not stated) 62 Etebari & Matindoost 2004 (Pseudodendrothrips mori) (not stated) 80 Hassan-Zadeh Salmasi 1997 (only A. fasciatus was identified by Bournier) 83 Hemmati 1990 (Retithrips sp.) 99 Keyhanian, Taghizadeh, Taghaddosi, & Khajehzadeh 2005 (Identification of insects was done using common keys and taxonomic references) (and Gilasian) (not stated) 105 Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005a (The species were determined by the authors from scientific references) 106 Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005b (The materials were identified from various scientific references) 157 Namvar & Kheirandish 2006 (“adult thrips ... after preparations of samples ... were studied with the help of suitable keys”) 178 Shishehbor 1991 (Scolothrips sexmaculatus, identified from general morphology of the thrips and review of literature on the natural enemies of Tetranychid mites) Department of Insect Taxonomy, Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran. 164 Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2003 (probably Manzari or Gilasian) (stated for Collembolothrips sp.) 165 Rahimi, Moodi, & Yazdani 2004 (same as for ref. 155 above; see under ref. 156) 183 Yarmand, Sadeghi, Mohammadi, Ebrahimi, & Seif Allahi 2006 ‘International Museum’ of London [Natural History Museum, London], and University of California, Riverside 66 Ghahhari & Hatami 2000 Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau (CAB), London. 145 Mohagery, Fathizadeh, & Tabibnejad 1998 ‘Authorized specialists’. 117 Mahghari & Ostovan 2006 USDA specialists. — Wilson et al. 1968 (unpublished project report) (Caliothrips impurus) Sources of identification not known. 1, 1a Abai 1984, 2000 (5 named species) (1) Afshar 1938 (3 named species) 18 Al-e-Mansoor & Ahmadi 1993 (Scolothrips sp.) 21 Alimousavi, Hassandokht, & Moharramipour 2007 (Thrips tabaci) 22 Azmayesh Fard & Faridi 1993 (‘wheat thrips’) 23 Babaie & Izadpanah 2003 (Thrips tabaci) 24 M.R. Bagheri & Afioni 2004 (Haplothrips tritici) 27 M.R. Bagheri & Radjabi 2000 (Haplothrips tritici) 28 S. Bagheri 2000 (Thrips tabaci) 36 S. Bagheri & Heidarzadae 2004 (Thrips tabaci)


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38, 39 S. Bagheri, Mosadegh, & Kamali 2002a, b (Thrips tabaci) 40 Baniameri, Soleyman-nejadian, & Mohaghegh 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 41 Barkhordari, Samet, & Farzaneh 1981 (Liothrips reuteri) (11) Davatchi 1949 (Haplothrips tritici) (12) Davatchi 1954 (Phloeothrips oryzae) 49 Dordaie, Sadaghian, & Nikdel 2000 (Anaphothrips sp., Parthenothrips sp., Stenothrips sp.) 50 Eghbalian, Khanjani, Pourmirza, & Mirab-Balou 2007 (Scolothrips sexmaculatus) 51 Emami 2004a (‘onion thrips’) 52 Emami 2004b (Thrips tabaci) (16) Esmaili 1983 (Chaetanaphothrips, Drepanothrips reuteri, Frankliniella cephalica, Scirtothrips citri) 63 Fathi, Nori Ganbalani, Farshbaf, Haddad Irani-Nejad, & Valizadeh 2005 (Haplothrips tritici) 64 Fathi Hafshejani, Abbasifar, Hemmati, & Yousefi 2002 (Thrips tabaci) 66 Ghahhari & Hatami 2000 (Aeolothrips collaris, Scolothrips longicornis) 67 Gheibi & Soleiman negadian 2002 (Scolothrips longicornis) 68, 69 Gheibi, Soleiman nejadian, & Shisheh bor 2002, 2006 (Scolothrips longicornis) 74 Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, Pourrahim, Farzadfar, & Ghasemi 2004 (Thrips tabaci) 75 Golnaraghi, Pourrahim, Farzafdar, Ohshima, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2007 (Thrips tabaci) 77 Hajizadeh 2006 (Pseudodendrothrips mori, Thrips tabaci) 79 Hassani-Mehraban, Saaijer, Peters, Goldbach, & Kormelink 2005 (Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips palmi, T. tabaci) 81 Hassan zadeh Salmasi, Hejazi, & Rahnemon 2003 (Thrips tabaci) 82 Hatami, Khajeh Ali, Mobli, & Sabzalian 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 84 Hemmati & Benedictos 2000 (Thrips tabaci) 85 Hosseini & Sirjani 2004 (Thrips tabaci) 86 Hosseinynia & Malkeshi 2003 (Thrips tabaci) 87 Hosseininia & Malkeshy 2004 (Thrips tabaci) 88 Hosseininia, Malkeshi, Sharifi, Masihi, & Eftekhari 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 90 Jalali sendi, Hasheminia, Etebari, & Shojaee 2001 (Pseudodendrothrips mori) 91 Jalali Sendi, Hashemi-Nia, & Shojaee 2002 (Pseudodendrothrips mori) 94 Javan Moghadam, Noori, Hosseini, & Amin 2000 (Thrips tabaci) 95, 96 Kalafchi, Ebadi, & Mobli 2002, 2003 (Thrips tabaci) 97 Kalafchi, Mobli, Ebadi, & Rezaei 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 98 Kamangar & Rajabi 2000 (Haplothrips tritici) 100 Khani, Moharramipour, & Hoseini 2000 (Thrips tabaci) 101 Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2004 (Thrips tabaci) 102 Khani, Moharramipour, Hosseini, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002 (Thrips tabaci) 103 Khani, Moharramipour, Talebi, & Fathipour 2002 (Thrips tabaci) 104 Khani, Haghiri, Naghdibadi, & Yazdani 2004 (Thrips tabaci) (26) Khanjani & Haddad Irani-Nejad 2006 (Scolothrips sexmaculatus) 105 Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005a (Thrips tabaci) 106 Khanjani & Mirab baluo 2005b (Thrips tabaci) 107 Khanjani & Mirab Balou 2005c (Taeniothrips inconsequens, Thrips albopilosus)

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108 Khanjani, Mirab-Balou, Eghbalian, Asali-Fayaz, Suri 2007 (Haplothrips sp.) 111 Kheyri 1989 (Thrips tabaci) 112 Khormaly 2004 (Thrips tabaci) (27) Kiriukhin 1947 (Taeniothrips frici) 113 Kosari & Kharazi-Pakdel 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 114 Kosari, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Shojai, & Ostovan 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 115 Madadi, Kharrazi pakdel, Ashouri, Mohaghegh, & Ahmadi 2004 (Thrips tabaci) 116 Madadi, Kharazi-Pakdel, Ashouri, & Mohaghegh Neyshabouri 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 117 Madadi, Kharrazi-Pakdel, Ashouri, Mohaghegh neyshabouri, Enkegaard, & Brodsgaard 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 118 Mahghari & Ostovan 2006 (Aeolothrips collaris, Haplothrips kurdjumovi, Scolothrips latipennis, S. longicornis) 119 Malkeshi, Nasrollahi, & Ardeh 2001 (Thrips nr. hawaiiensis, Frankliniella nr. helianthi, Thrips tabaci) 120 Mansouri, Ebadi, & Mobli 2004 (Thrips tabaci) 125 Mashhadi Jafarlo & Malkeshi 2000 (Thrips tabaci) 144 Mirkarimi 2000 (Thrips tabaci) 148 Moharramipour, Khani, Hosseini, Fathipour, & Talebi 2002 (Thrips tabaci) 151 Mojeni 2002 (Thrips tabaci) 152 Mojeni 2004 (“thrips in the cotton fields”, presumably Thrips tabaci) 158 Noori, Javan Moghaddam, Hosseini, & Amin 2000 (Thrips tabaci) 159 Nouri Moghadam, Habibi, Aftabi, Akbari Noshad, Mortazawibak, & M.R. Bagheri 2000 (Thrips tabaci) 160 Nouri Moghadam, Jaliani, Habibi, & Ali Akbar 2004 (“onion thrips”) [= Thrips tabaci] 162 Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Golnaraghi, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2002 (Thrips tabaci) 163 Pourrahim, Farzadfar, Moini, Shahraeen, & Ahoonmanesh 2001 (Thrips tabaci) 164, 165 Rahimi, Moodi, Yazdani 2003, 2004 (Collembolothrips sp., Haplothrips reuteri, Thrips tabaci) 167, 168 Rasoulpour & Izadpanah 2003, 2007 (Thrips tabaci) 169 Rowshandel 2002 (Haplothrips tritici) 170 Saboori, Hajiqanbar, & Haddad Irani-nejad 2003 (Thrips tabaci) 171 Saeidi, Rezvani, & Nourbakhsh 2002 (Thrips tabaci) 172 Said-Pour, & Daneshvar 1993 (Scolothrips sp.) (37) Salavatian 1996 (Frankliniella tritici, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, Scirtothrips citri, Taenothrips gladioli) 173 F. Salehi, Hadji-zadeh, Baniameri, Sahragard, & L. Salehi 2006 (Thrips tabaci) 174, 175 Seyedoleslami & Naderi 1993, 1995 (Thrips tabaci) 176 Shahraeen, Ghotbi, & Mehraban 2002 (Frankliniella intonsa, Thrips tabaci) 177 Shekarian & Rajabi 2004 (Haplothrips tritici) 179 Shojai 1971 (Frankliniella sp., Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, Thrips tabaci) (40) Shojai 1989 (Aeolothrips intermedius) 180 Taghizadeh, Hosseini, Mojeni, & Amin 2004 (Thrips tabaci) 181 Takalloozadeh & Zohdi 2000 (Haplothrips tritici) 183 Yarmand, Sadeghi, Mohammadi, Ebrahimi, & Seif Allahi 2006 (Haplothrips sp.) 184, 185 Yousefi & Abbasifar 2004, 2006 (Thrips tabaci)

Thrips, No. 7–8

2009

ISSN 0974-6587

THYSANOPTERA IN IRAN 1938–2007: An Overview J. S. Bhatti, Jalil Alavi, Richard zur Strassen, Zakkieh Telmadarraiy

Thrips, No. 8. Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview. Part 2, pp. 173–373 J. S. Bhatti, J. Alavi, R. zur Strassen, & Z. Telmadarraiy

Bibliography of Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera

175–314

Appendix 1. Thrips-associated plants in Iran literature, family-wise list

315–324

Appendix 2. Thrips-associated plant names in Iran literature

325–336

Appendix 3. Scientific and common names of the plants

337–353

Appendix 4. Localities in Iran

355–373

Scientia Publishing, New Delhi

2

Thrips No. 7

Thrips No. 7–8, pp. 1–373 2009 ISSN 0974-6587 Thrips No. 7. Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview. Part 1, pages 1–172 Thrips No. 8. Thysanoptera in Iran 1938–2007: An Overview. Part 2, pages 173–373 Published 14 March 2009 @Scientia Publishing, New Delhi

The Authors J. S. Bhatti, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Present address: MIG 239-H, Rajouri Garden, New Delhi 110027, India. e-mail: [email protected] Jalil Alavi, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan-e-Shomali Province, P. O. Box 1378, Bojnourd, Iran. e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Richard zur Strassen, Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberg-Anlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. e-mail: Richard.zur [email protected] Zakkieh Telmadarraiy, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Present address: Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. e-mail: [email protected]

2008


175

Bibliography of Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera The Iranian Literature on Thysanoptera listed in the following pages originates, almost all of it, from Iran. A few publications on thrips not coming from an Iranian laboratory but directly involving Iranian authors are also included. The content of each publication is indicated, in particular the information on thysanopterological data pertaining to all aspects of these insects, such as faunistics, systematics, biology, pest status, plant disease transmission, and control. In the case of abstracts, the references include most of the information pertaining to Thysanoptera in the original abstracts, although in the case of some abstracts in English corrections have been made to spellings appearing in the references. In other cases the expression has been straightened out so as to smoothen the language and meaning for the reader, but not to distract from the thrust of the author’s intention. Comments which may be useful for the reader have been added. Iranian authors. Each Iranian author is listed alphabetically along with indication of the reference(s) in which the author’s name appears. The names of Iranian authors, wherever spelled in Roman alphabet in the original reference, are in each case spelled as in the publication. Title of publications. The title of publications in Persian is cited within square brackets, and is a translation from the original title in Persian, if it does not have an English title. Wherever an English title is given in the original publication, such as with an abstract in English, or on the English title page of a book, that title is used in the reference. References entirely in Persian. Several references are completely in Persian. The relevant content has been translated into English in the present bibliography. The year of publication also often appears in the publication only in Persian according to the Persian calendar. This has been converted into the universally used Christian calendar. Names of the taxa of Thysanoptera. Some of the genus or species names are misspelled in some references. However, under each reference the correct spellings are given irrespective of the spellings in the publication. The correct names of the authors and their correct citation (within or without parentheses) is given in the present bibliography irrespective of the names and citation in the publications. Names of plants. The correct spellings of the names of plants (common names and scientific names) are given, irrespective of the spellings appearing in the publications. Primary and Secondary Literature. Primary literature contains the first publication of original findings, irrespective of whether the publications are short or long. Secondary literature contains reporting of an original scientific information subsequently, such as in a compiled book or reference work. However, some new information also appears in such compiled reference works, as in the following references which are treated below as secondary literature, such as new faunal records or other new information (Afshar 1938, Behdad 1996, Davatchi 1949, 1954, Esmaili 1983, Mossadegh & Kocheili 2003). All published references given below are numbered. The numbers with those references that constitute primary literature are without parentheses. References constituting secondary literature are numbered separately, with the numbers given in round brackets (). Citations of dissertations (theses) are not numbered since these are not published works.

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ABAI, M. / ABAII, M. — Abai, M. 1984. Abaii, M. 2000 (2nd edition).

1 Abai, M. 1984. List of Pests of Forest Trees and Shrubs of Iran. i–iv + 147 pp., 1 map. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development: Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Organization, Tehran. (In English and Persian). This “first … list of principal forest pests” of Iran has resulted from “extensive collecting and identification of pests of forests and forestry plantations in Iran pursued over many years”. Only the pests actually recorded in this study for the given species of trees and shrubs are included. The list is largely in English, but headings and the names of pests are also given in Persian. The plants are arranged alphabetically, and the choice of the selected trees and shrubs is for their forestry and not horticultural value. The pests are listed under each plant in the form of a table, with scientific name, order and family, Persian name, economic importance, attacked parts, and distribution. The economic importance is indicated as minor, medium, or severe. The pests include insects, Acarina, Mollusca, Myriapoda, Rodentia, and Aves. The insect groups include Coleoptera, Collembola, Dermaptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Thysanoptera. Some beetles were identified by scientists in Germany, some insects were identified from the Department of Entomology, National Museum, Prague. Most of the insect species in the list are deposited in the collections of Plant Pests & Diseases Research Institute, Tehran (P.P.D.R.T.). A distribution map of forests in Iran is given, based on the vegetation map of Trogobov and Mobayen, and is arranged according to administrative divisions (ostans). Five named species of Thysanoptera are listed, besides unidentified species of Thrips from 3 different genera of plants. The nature of damage / injury to the plants is not stated for any of these species. Thrips sp. (as “Trips sp.”), family Thripidae (as “Thripetidae”): on Alnus spp. (p. 18), leaf and buds, economic importance severe, northern provinces; on Carpinus spp. (p. 29), leaves, economic importance severe, northern provinces; on Colutea spp. (p. 34), leaves, medium economic importance, generally distributed. Thrips iranicus Yakhontov and Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov, family Thripidae, on Pistacia spp. (p. 71), flowers, minor economic importance, Kerman, Khorasan, Esphahan, and central provinces. Thrips tabaci Lindeman, family Thripidae, on Cerasus spp. (p. 33), leaves, minor economic importance, northern and central provinces; on Pyrus spp. (p. 89), leaves, medium economic importance, central and northern provinces. Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutz., family Phlaeothripidae (as “Phloeothripidae”), on Pistacia spp. (p. 68), leaves and fruits, medium economic importance, Kerman province. Liothrips reuteri (Bagnall) (as “Liathrips” reuteri), family “Thripitidae”, on Tamarix spp. (p. 116), leaves, economic importance severe, Kerman province.

1a Abaii, M. 2000. Pests of Forest Trees and Shrubs of Iran. 2nd edition. i–x+178 pp., 1 map, + 6 pages in Persian (and numbered in Persian alphabet). Ministry of Agriculture: Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran. (In English and Persian). This is a revision of the earlier List (Abai 1984). The same tabulated arrangment is followed. The list is largely in English, but headings and the names of pests are also given in Persian. Names of those insects have been added which have been identified since the publication of the last list. Various collection methods were employed in different regions and an intense effort was made for more collections and for identification of the collected pests. Distribution map of forests in Iran is given. Five named species of Thysanoptera are listed, besides unidentified species of Thrips from 4 different genera of plants: Thrips sp., family Thripidae, on Alnus spp. (p. 18), leaf and buds, economic importance severe, northern provinces; on Carpinus spp. (p. 31), leaves, economic importance severe, northern


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provinces; on Colutea spp. (p. 36), leaves, medium economic importance, generally distributed; on Parrotia persica (as P. “pcrsica”) (p. 68) (family “Thripetidae”), leaves, economic importance severe, northern provinces. Thrips iranicus Yakhontov and Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov, family Thripidae, on Pistacia spp. (p. 77), flowers, minor economic importance, Kerman, Khorasan, Esphahan, and central provinces. Thrips tabaci Lindeman, family Thripidae, on Cerasus spp. (p. 35), leaves, minor economic importance, northern and central provinces; on Pyrus spp. (p. 97), leaves, medium economic importance, central and northern provinces. Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutz., family Phlaeothripidae (as “Phloeothripidae”), on Pistacia spp. (p. 74), leaves and fruits, medium economic importance, Kerman province. Liothrips reuteri (Bagnall), family “Thripidae”, on Tamarix spp. (p. 128), leaves, economic importance severe, Kerman province. ABASIFAR, A. / ABBASIFAR, A. R. — Fathi Hafshejani, A., A. R. Abbasifar, F. Hemmati, & M. Yousefi 2002. Yousefi, M. & A. R. Abbasifar 2004. Yousefi, M. & A. Abasifar 2006. ABIVARDI, C. 2001. — [see ref. (45) on page 312]. AFIONI, D. — Bagheri, M. R. & D. Afioni 2004. AFSHAR, J. — Afshar, J. 1938.

(1) Afshar, J. 1938. [Pests of Summer Crops, Vegetables, Industrial Plants, and Pastures in Iran and their Control]. 124 pp. + errata (3 unnumbered pages). General Office of Agriculture, Tehran. (In Persian). Thysanoptera, pp. 8–11. p. 8: The author noted three species of thrips as pests in Iran. Thrips tabaci on tobacco, cotton, and cabbage. Thrips flavus on flower trees. Frankliniella intonsa on potato. Although it is not stated, this is the first report of these three species from Iran. There is no statement on their distribution in Iran. pp. 8–11: T. tabaci, characters, biology, importance, control; the tobacco thrips attacks cotton, cucumber, tobacco, potato, onion, and other crops. Fig. 5 on p. 10 shows adult female, larva of T. tabaci, and damaged leaf. Fig. 4 on p. 8 shows adult female, eggs, larva, and propupa (“nympha”) of F. intonsa.

AFSHARI, A. — Afshari, A., M. S. Mossadegh, & K. Kamali 2000. 2 Afshari, A.; M. S. Mossadegh; & K. Kamali 2000. Spider mites, predators and their average feeding on Tetranychus turkestani U. & N. in Khuzestan Province. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 320 (in Abstracts in English), p. 320 (in Abstracts in Persian). In a faunistic survey, conducted from 1998–1999 for important predators of Tetranychid mites, samples were collected in field crops and orchards in Khuzestan Province. Laboratory study was carried out at 26±1°C, 60±5% RH, and L:D 16:8. Leaf disc technique was used to determine the average daily feeding of the predators on the adult female stage of the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus turkestani U. & N. 6 species of the most numerous phytophagous mites are listed. Tetranychus turkestani is the dominant mite in the region. 8 species of their predators are listed: Stethorus gilvifrons, Scymnus syriacus, Scy. levaillantii, Exochomus pubescens (Coccinellidae); Orius albidipennis (Anthocoridae);

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and three species of Scolothrips, Sco. latipennis Priesner, Sco. longicornis Priesner, and Sco. rhagebianus Priesner (Thripidae). Stethorus gilvifrons is the most dominant predator in the region. The average numbers of adult females of T. turkestani mites consumed daily by the predators was: 49.1±3.8 by S. gilvifrons, 32.8±3.55, 30±4.8, and 29.3±4.52 respectively by the other coccinellids, 35±2.61 by the anthocorid, and 7±0.77 by Scolothrips. [Species of Thysanoptera were identified by Afshari by comparison with identified slides (telephonic communication from Afshari, 20 Sept 2007). — JA]. AFTABI, M. — Nouri Moghadam, R., J. Habibi, M. Aftabi, S. Akbari Noshad, A. Mortazawibak, & M.R. Bagheri 2000. AHMADI, A. A. — Al-e-Mansoor, H. & A. A. Ahmadi 1993. Minaei, K., M. Alichi, & A. A. Ahmadi 2001. AHMADI, B. — Madadi, H., A. Kharrazi pakdel, A. Ashouri, J. Mohaghegh, & B. Ahmadi 2004. AHMADI-DAMGHAN, M. — Alavi, J. & M. Ahmadi-damghan 2004. AHOONMANESH , A. — Golnaraghi, A. R., R. Pourrahim, S. Farzafdar, K. Ohshima, N. Shahraeen, & A. Ahoonmanesh 2007. Pourrahim, R., S. Farzadfar, A. A. Moini, N. Shahraeen, & A. Ahoonmanesh 2001. Pourrahim, R., S. Farzadfar, A. R. Golnaraghi, N. Shahraeen, & A. Ahoonmanesh 2002. AKBAR, A. Ali — See: ALI AKBAR, A. AKBARI NOSHAD, S. — Akbari Noshad, S. 2000. Nouri Moghadam, R., J. Habibi, M. Aftabi, S. Akbari Noshad, A. Mortazawibak, & M. R. Bagheri 2000.

(2) Akbari Noshad, Sh. 2000. [Onion thrips]. 9 pp. Promotion Programs and Technical Publications Office, Plant Pest & Disease Research Institute, Tehran. (In Persian). Onion thrips is the most important pest of onion in most areas of Iran; damage, characters, biology, control, references, figure of adult (p. 2), of larva (p. 3). AKBARZADEH SHOKAT, G. / AKBARZADEH SHOUKAT, G. — Akbarzadeh Shoukat, G. 2000. Akbarzadeh shokat, G. & A. Rezwani 1998. Akbarzadeh Shoukat, G. & N. Shayesteh 2006. Akbarzadeh shokat, G., N. Shayesteh, & M. Mostaan 1998.

3 Akbarzadeh Shoukat, G. 2000. Study of seasonal population dynamics of grapethrips Rubiothrips vitis Priesner in Orumieh vineyards. Proceedings of the First National Congress on Grape, Sept. 16–18, 2000, Gazvin, p. 8 (in Abstracts in English), p. 8 (in Abstracts in Persian). Grapethrips, Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner), is one of the main pests in Orumieh vineyards, which causes damage by feeding on buds and new leaves and by ovipositing in soft tissues. Its damage consists of scorching and drying of buds and new leaves, puncturing, tearing, and curling of leaves and stunting shoot growth. Seasonal population dynamics of grapethrips was investigated by using yellow sticky traps and weekly sampling from vegetative (bud and leaf) and reproductive organs (flower and fruit). According to catches by yellow sticky traps, emergence of adults begins in early second half of April. There are two main peaks, in late April and early June, and three small ones during the rest of the season. Activity of adults on vegetative organs begins in early second half of April with a peak in late April, and larvae appear on leaves in early May. The density of individuals is much greater on terminal leaves than on basal or middle ones.


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Samples from reproductive organs showed an increase in the number of adults in early June, and their population peaked a week later coinciding with full bloom. The results obtained from yellow sticky traps and weekly sampling from vegetative and reproductive organs show that the first generation of grapethrips causes damage to buds and leaves, and the second one occurs on flowers. Further observations revealed the establishment of further generations on secondary flower clusters.

4 Akbarzadeh shokat, G. & A. Rezwani 1998. Two new records of thrips from vineyards West of Azarbaidjan. Proceedings of the 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 23–27 Aug. 1998, Junior College of Agriculture, Karaj, Vol. I, Pests, p. 111 (in Abstracts in English), p. 111 (in Abstracts in Persian). Vinethrips is an important pest in vineyards of West Azarbaidjan, which causes considerable damage to buds and leaves of vine in early season. In order to determine the vine thrips species, studies were carried out in 1993. Samples of thrips were collected from different regions at two intervals, first in late April and early May from vegetative organs (buds and leaves), and second in early June from reproductive organs (flowers). Four species of thrips were collected from different localities and were identified by Dr. zur Strassen and Dr. Bournier separately as follows: 1. Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner) (Anaphothrips vitis Priesner). 2. Thrips tabaci Lindeman. 3. Taeniothrips reichardti Priesner. 4. Taeniothrips discolor (Karny). Rubiothrips vitis was the predominant species constituting 92 % and 66 % of thrips population respectively on vegetative and reproductive organs. Taeniothrips reichardti and Taeniothrips discolor were determined at 8% and 2% respectively on two sampling intervals. Thrips tabaci was not found on buds and leaves (in first sampling) but constituted 32% of thrips population on flowers (in second sampling). Two species, Rubiothrips vitis and Taeniothrips reichardti, are new records for Iran fauna and are reported from Orumieh.

5 Akbarzadeh Shoukat, G. & N. Shayesteh 2006. Thrips species found in West Azarbaijan (Orumieh) vineyards, and seasonal abundance of the predominant species (Rubiothrips vitis). Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology (JAST), 8 (2): 133–139. (In English, abstract on p. 133). (Abstract in Persian on p. 139). Thrips species injurious to grapes are known as pests in vineyards all over the world and belong to the main pests of grapes in vineyards in Orumieh in West Azarbaijan, Iran. In this study, thrips species occurring in West Azarbaijan vineyards were identified and the predominant species documented according to their relative abundance at different growth stages. Seasonal abundance of predominant species was investigated in 20 vineyards in four wine growing regions of Orumieh and in an experimental vineyard at Bakeshiochay, Orumieh, during 1995 by means of yellow sticky trap catches and weekly sampling from vegetative and reproductive organs of vines. Five species were collected and identified: Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner), Thrips tabaci Lindeman, Tenothrips discolor (Karny), Tenothrips reichardti (Priesner), and Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski. The species were identified by Dr. R. zur Strassen and Prof. A. Bournier. R. vitis was found to be predominant, constituting 92 and 66 percent of the thrips population on vegetative and reproductive organs respectively. T. tabaci was not found on vegetative organs, but it was found to constitute 32 percent of the thrips found on reproductive organs (flowers). The two species R. vitis and T. reichardti are new records for the Iranian fauna, and were recorded for the first time from Orumieh vineyards. The number of adult thrips caught by sticky traps was positively correlated with the density of the adults on vegetative (buds and leaves) and reproductive (flower) organs in the first and second generations, respectively.

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6 Akbarzadeh shokat, G.; N. Shayesteh; & M. Mostaan 1998. Study on the biology of vinethrips (Rubiothrips vitis; Thripidae) in the western Azarbaiadjan. Proceedings of the 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 23–27 Aug. 1998, Junior College of Agriculture, Karaj, Vol. I, Pests, p. 110 (in Abstracts in English), p. 110 (in Abstracts in Persian). Western Azarbaidjan is one of the main vine growing districts of Iran. Vinethrips, as an important pest of vineyards, damages the vine in two ways (1) by feeding of adults and larvae which results in drying the buds and young leaves, and puncturing, curling, and distorting the leaves, (2) by ovipositing inside the soft tissues. R. vitis overwinters as second instar larvae under the bark of vine trunk and old shoots. In mid April adults emerge and enter the developing buds and feed on young leaves eagerly. The female oviposits in new shoots, veins, and petioles of leaves and flower clusters. Larvae appear in early May, the first generation adults emerge in early June when the flowers are being opened. Weekly sampling from vegetative and reproductive organs and catch of yellow sticky traps revealed that the pest has 4 generations per year in Orumieh vineyards. The first one is spent on buds and leaves and the others on the main and secondary flower clusters. Life stages, including egg, larva I, larva II, prepupa, and pupa, were studied in Teulons rearing cages with 10% saccharose and new vine pollen at 24±2 °C temperature, 55±5 RH and 16:8 L:D. The length of the stages was 4.2, 2.8, 3.6, 2.3, and 3.1 days respectively, and 5.3 days for preoviposition period. Thus the total life cycle of one generation lasts 20.3 days. Predatory mites, Anytis baccarum and Leptus sp., and the predatory bug Orius sp. were found as natural enemies. Vitis vinifera has been found so far as the only host plant of R. vitis. ALAVI, J. — Alavi, J. 1995 (thesis), 2000, 2002, 2004a, b. Alavi, J. & M. Ahmadi-damghan 2004. Alavi, J. & K. Kamali 1995, 2002, 2003. Alavi, J. & A. A. Mohiseni 2002. Alavi, J. & R. zur Strassen 2002. Alavi, J., R. zur Strassen, & N. Bagherani 2007. Bagheri, M. R., J. Alavi, & M. R. Nematollahi 2003. Bagheri, S. & J. Alavi 2006a, b, 2007. Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & K. Behnamfar. 2005. Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & G. Kajbaf-vala 2002. Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & R. Mohammadi 2005. Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & S. Yousef Naanaie 2005. Gilasian, E., S. Moharramipour, & J. Alavi 2000. Moharramipour, S., E. Gilasian, J. Alavi, A. A. Talebi, & Y. Fathipour 2001. Mohiseni, A. A., K. Kamali, & J. Alavi 1998. Mojeni, T. D. & J. Alavi 1998.

Alavi, Jalil 1995. [A faunistic study on phytophagous and predaceous Thysanoptera of Bojnourd, north of Khorasan province, Iran]. M. Sc. Thesis, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran. 122 pp. (In Persian, with English abstract). The Thysanopteran fauna of Bojnourd region was studied. 47 species were collected and identified, belonging to 3 families and 21 genera. The systematic treatment comprises keys to the taxa, descriptions, illustrations, and records of host plants. Identification or confirmation of species was done by R. zur Strassen and S. Nakahara. [The following publications are directly related to this thesis: Alavi 2004b, Alavi & Kamali 1995, 2002, 2003].


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7 Alavi, J. 2000. Faunistic study of Thysanoptera on wheat and barley in Golestan Province. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 227 (in Abstracts in English), p. 227 (in Abstracts in Persian). During 1997–1999 a faunistic study was carried out to collect and identify thrips on wheat and barley fields in Gorgan and Gonbad regions (Golestan Province). 34 species belonging to 3 families and 16 genera of thrips were collected and identified. Scientific names were confirmed and identified by Dr. R. zur Strassen from Germany. 12 species are considered new records for Iran fauna; one species is new. Terebrantia: Thripidae, 21 species: Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom. Aptinothrips rufus (Haliday). Baliothrips graminum (Uzel). New for Iran. Chirothrips africanus Priesner. New for Iran. Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday). Chirothrips molestus Priesner. Collembolothrips mediterraneus Priesner (as “meditraneus”). New for Iran. Eremiothrips taghizadehi (zur Strassen). Eremiothrips tamaricis (zur Strassen). New for Iran. Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti). New for Iran. Eremiothrips n. sp. Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel). Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski. Limothrips denticornis (Haliday). New for Iran. Limothrips transcaucasicus Savenko. New for Iran. Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams). Sitothrips arabicus Priesner. Thrips major Uzel. Thrips meridionalis (Priesner). Thrips minutissimus Linnaeus. New for Iran. Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Aeolothripidae, 9 species: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner. Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall. Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán. Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall. Melanthrips knechteli Priesner. New for Iran. Melanthrips pallidior Priesner. Rhipidothrips brunneus Williams. Rhipidothrips flavus Tunç (as “flavus Priesner”). New for Iran. Rhipidothrips gratiosus Uzel. New for Iran. Tubulifera [as “Tubuliphera”]: Phlaeothripidae, 4 species: Cephalothrips monilicornis (Reuter). Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius). New for Iran. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny). Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov).

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8 Alavi, J. 2002. Dendrothrips phyllireae Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) a pest of olive in Golestan province. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, p. 109 (in Abstracts in English), p. 184 (in Abstracts in Persian). Damage by Dendrothrips phyllireae (Bagnall) was observed in olive orchards and nurseries in Golestan province, as pale and silvery-coloured spots with black waste often on the upper surface of leaves. High populations of this thrips cause falling of leaves and drying of buds. The species was identified by R. zur Strassen. Earlier, D. phyllireae had been recorded from olive in Kermanshah province [Cheraghian 2000].

9 Alavi, J. 2004a. Preliminary study on thrips (Thysanoptera) fauna of olive in Golestan province. Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Vol. I, Pests, p. 110. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). This preliminary study was carried out to identify thrips on olive trees in Golestan province. 9 species were identified. One species is new record for Iran. Thripidae, 6 species: Chirothrips meridionalis Bagnall. Dendrothrips phyllireae (Bagnall). Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel). Thrips major Uzel. Thrips minutissimus Linnaeus. Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Aeolothripidae, 3 species: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner. Aeolothrips gloriosus Bagnall. New for Iran. Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán. Aeol. gloriosus was confirmed and Ch. meridionalis was identified by R. zur Strassen.

10 Alavi, J. 2004b. New records of two species of Thysanoptera for Iran from Bojnourd (Khorasan Province). Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Vol. I, Pests, p. 112. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). 27 species of Thysanoptera from Bojnourd region (Khorasan province) were previously reported as new for the fauna of Iran (Alavi & Kamali 1995, 2002). Two species, Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall) and Tenothrips latoides (Pelikán) from Bojnourd region, are now added to the fauna of Iran. A list of 53 species now known from Bojnourd is given. Suborder Terebrantia –Family Aeolothripidae, 3 species: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner. Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán. Melanthrips pallidior Priesner. Family Thripidae, 38 species: Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller). Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom. Aptinothrips elegans Priesner. Aptinothrips rufus (Haliday). Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday). Chirothrips molestus Priesner. Dendrothrips degeeri Uzel.


Dendrothrips saltatrix Uzel. Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel. Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov). Euphysothrips minozzii Bagnall. Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom). Frankliniella pallida (Uzel). Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel). Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski. Limothrips schmutzi Priesner. Mycterothrips consociatus (Targioni-Tozzetti). Mycterothrips tschirkunae (Yakhontov). Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams). Neohydatothrips tadzhicus (Pelikán). Odontothrips confusus Priesner. Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner). Scolothrips latipennis Priesner. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner. Sitothrips arabicus Priesner. Tenothrips discolor (Karny). Tenothrips frici (Uzel). Tenothrips latoides (Pelikán). Thrips atratus Haliday. Thrips major Uzel. Thrips meridionalis (Priesner). Thrips nigropilosus Uzel. Thrips physapus Linnaeus. Thrips pillichi Priesner. Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Thrips trehernei Priesner. Thrips verbasci (Priesner). Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall). Suborder Tubulifera –Family Phlaeothripidae, 12 species: Cephalothrips monilicornis (Reuter). Cephalothrips coxalis Bagnall. Haplothrips clarisetis Priesner. Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny). Haplothrips flavitibia Williams. Haplothrips kurdjumovi Karny. Haplothrips niger (Osborn). Haplothrips phyllireae Bagnall. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny). Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov). Hoplandrothrips hungaricus Priesner. Plicothrips apicalis (Bagnall). [Tenothrips latoides and Thrips vuilleti were determined by Bhatti].

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11 Alavi, J. & M. Ahmadi-damghan 2004. Distribution and frequency of thrips species of wheat and barley in Golestan province. Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Vol. I, Pests, p. 410. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). Farms of winter wheat and barley in Golestan province were sampled during two crop seasons to determine the occurrence, frequency, and distribution of species of thrips. In order to establish the occurrence and ratio of Thysanoptera species associated with cultivated wheat and barley, 55 farms of winter wheat and 27 farms of winter barley were randomly sampled in different areas of the province during November to June 1996–1998, from the beginning of the vegetation period until harvesting. Two general methods were used for collecting thrips. Thysanoptera species occurring on stages before the start of shooting were directly collected from the leaves. Beating leaves, sheaths, and spikes was used for subsequent stages. Thrips were immediately removed from the tray surface by means of a moistened No. 000 camel hair brush, and placed into a vial of 70% ethyl alcohol. The number of each thrips species was converted to a percentage of the total collected thrips in wheat and barley for two crop years. In order to establish the relation between altitude and population of the dominant species Haplothrips tritici, 6 non-irrigated wheat farms (variety Tajan) in 6 different locations at different altitudes were sampled once a week. A sample of 20 spikes was randomly collected from each site during boot stage until harvesting stage in April to June 1998. Thirty-two “recognized species” were found, but the names of only two species are mentioned: Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov) and Sitothrips arabicus Priesner. H. tritici was the dominant species accounting for 71.6% and 59.1% of identified specimens in wheat and barley respectively. S. arabicus was the second most abundant species comprising 13.8% and 20.2% on wheat and barley respectively. Although H. tritici is widespread in the province, its population is not the same in all areas, a relation between altitude and population size of H. tritici is noted. Species composition is different in various areas. 9 species are distributed only at high altitude (more than 400m) in north-east and south areas, whereas 12 species are found only in low altitude (less than 400m) central areas. The remaining 11 species, especially Haplothrips tritici, are spread in the whole Golestan Province. It is noticed that 16 species (50 %) were found on both wheat and barley, 9 species (28.1 %) occurred only on wheat, and 7 species (21.9 %) were found only on barley. Difference in preference towards wheat and barley was statistically verified for H. tritici by T-test. It was significant on the statistical level 5%. H. tritici was also found on three weed plants Avena ludoviciana, Phalaris minor, and Secale cereale. In low altitude areas Avena ludoviciana, but in high altitude areas Secale cereale, contained larger population of the thrips than the other two. [The species were determined by zur Strassen. — JA].

12 Alavi, J. & K. Kamali 1995. A survey of phytophagous and predaceous Thysanoptera of Bojnourd. Proceedings of the 12th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Sept. 1995, Junior College of Agriculture, Karaj, p. 340 (in Abstracts in English), p. 340 (in Abstracts in Persian). During 1993–95 a faunistic survey was carried out to collect and identify phytophagous and predaceous Thysanoptera from Bojnourd, Khorasan Province of Iran. 35 species belonging to 2 families were collected and identified. [Subsequent reports on this suvey: Alavi & Kamali 2002, 2003]. 20 species are new records from Iran. These species are listed. The species were confirmed and identified by Dr. S. Nakahara and Dr. R. zur Strassen. Thripidae, 15 species: Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller). Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom. Aptinothrips elegans Priesner. Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday).


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Dendrothrips degeeri Uzel. Dendrothrips saltator Uzel. Frankliniella pallida (Uzel). Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel). Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski. Neohydatothrips tadzhicus (Pelikán). Parafrankliniella verbasci Priesner. Scolothrips latipennis Priesner. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner. Thrips nigropilosus Uzel. Thrips pillichi Priesner. Phlaeothripidae, 5 species: Cephalothrips monilicornis (Reuter). Haplothrips apicalis (Bagnall). Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny). Haplothrips kurdjumovi Karny. Haplothrips niger (Osborn). Scolothrips latipennis, Sc. longicornis, and Haplothrips kurdjumovi are considered major predators of spider mites and general predators of mites, thrips, and small arthropods. Other species listed are considered as phytophagous or pollen feeders.

13 Alavi, J. & K. Kamali 2002. New records of seven species of Thysanoptera for Iran. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, p. 183 (in Abstracts in English), pp. 310–311 (in Abstracts in Persian). A part of the results of a faunistic survey of Thysanoptera of Bojnourd (1993–95) was earlier presented as new record of 20 species for Iran (Alavi & Kamali 1995). [Subsequent report on Bojnourd fauna of thrips: Alavi & Kamali 2003]. Here 7 more species are added to that list, as new to Iran. Thripidae, 4 species: Euphysothrips minozzii Bagnall. Limothrips schmutzi Priesner. Mycterothrips consociatus (Targioni-Tozzetti). Mycterothrips tschirkunae (Yakhontov). Phlaeothripidae, 3 species: Cephalothrips coxalis Bagnall. Haplothrips phyllireae Bagnall. Hoplandrothrips hungaricus Priesner. Scientific names were confirmed and identified by Dr. R. zur Strassen and Dr. S. Nakahara.

14 Alavi, J. & K. Kamali 2003. The fauna of Thysanoptera in Bojnourd region of Khorasan province, Iran. Thrips, No. 2: 25–40. Delhi. (In English). Faunistic study on Thysanoptera was carried out in Bojnourd region during 1993–95. This is the third report on that study. [Earlier reports: Alavi & Kamali 1995, 2002]. 53 species of Thysanoptera, belonging to 23 genera and 3 families, are included. The insects were taken from 86 species of plants, belonging to 34 families, in 29 localities in Bojnourd region: Ashkhaneh, Badranlu, Bagh-e-Azari, Bagh-e-Hemmati, Bagh-e-Rostami, Band-e-Yaghmur, Behkadeh, Besh-Ghardash, Bojnourd, Chahar-Bid, Eslam-Abad, Ghareh-Bashlu, Gharlegh, Goley,

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Hesar, Jozak, Kafeh-Sahra, Keshanak, Khorashah, Langar, Malkesh, Mehmanak, Mehnan, MohammadAbad, Nehalestan, Pish-Ghaleh, Shur-Band, Tabar, Takhteh-Bashghi. 2 species are reported as new for Iran: Tenothrips latoides, Thrips vuilleti. Two species were identified by the authors, others were confirmed/identified by R. zur Strassen, S. Nakahara, and J. S. Bhatti. Suborder Terebrantia –Family Aeolothripidae, 3 species: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner (p. 29). 18 , 2 , taken on 14 species of plants, are reported from 7 localities in Bojnourd region: Behkadeh, 1 , Tamarix sp., 18-V-1993; 1 , Helianthus annuus, 12-VII-1993; 1 , Sinapis arvensis, 18-VII-1993; 2 , Rosa sp., 2-VI-1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , Medicago sativa; 1 , Lycopersicon esculentum; both 11-VII-1993. — Chahar-Bid, 2 , Verbascum speciosum; 1 , Euphorbia sp.; 1 , Capsella bursa-pastoris; 1 , Acantholimon sp.; all 5-VII-1993. — Goley, 2 , Vitis vinifera, 13-VII-1993. — Kafeh-Sahra, 3 , Acroptilon repens, 13-VII-1993. — Langar, 1 , Teucrium orientale, 2-VIII-1993. — Mohammad-Abad, 1 , 1 , Mentha sp., 11-VIII-1993. Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán (p. 29). 24 , 7 , taken on 19 species of plants, are reported from 14 localities in Bojnourd region: Bagh-e-Azari, 1 , Medicago sativa, 9.ix.1994. — Behkadeh, 1 , Alhagi camelorum, 18-VII-1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , Cynodon dactylon; 2 , 1 , Medicago sativa; both 11-VII-1993. — Chahar-Bid, 1 , Capsella bursa-pastoris, 5-VII-1993. — Eslam-Abad, 2 , 1 , Populus alba, 16.viii.1993). — Gharlegh, 1 , Vitis vinifera; 1 , Morus alba; both 11-VII-1993). — Hesar, 1 , Anthemis sp., 5-VII-1993. — Kafeh-Sahra, 1 , Verbascum speciosum; 1 , 1 , Acroptilon repens; both 13-VII-1993. — Keshanak, 1 , Lavandula sp., 30-VII-1994. — Langar, 2 , Teucrium orientale, 2-VIII-1993. — Malkesh, 1 , 1 , Erysimum sp., 15-VII-1993; 1 , 1 , Chenopodium album, 13-VII-1993; 1 , Cerasus avium, 17-IV-1994; 1 , Triticum aestivum, 10-IV-1994. — Shur-Band, 2 , 1 , Alhagi camelorum, 26-VII-1993. — Tabar, 1 , Pterocarya sp.; 1 , 1 , Phaseolus vulgaris; all 26-VII-1993. — Takhteh-Bashghi, 1 , Centaurea depressa, 5-VII-1993. Melanthrips pallidior Priesner (p. 30). Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowering Medicago sativa, 5-VII-1993. — Malkesh, 1 , ears of Triticum aestivum, 10-V-1994 (leg. S. H. Malkeshi). Family Thripidae, 38 species: Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller) (p. 30). 10 , taken on 6 species of plants, are reported from 3 localities in Bojnourd region: Ashkhaneh, 1 , leaves of Echinochloa crus-galli; 2 , leaves of Oryza sativa; all 21-VII-1993. — Bojnourd, 2 , flowering Polygonum aviculare, 11-VII-1994; 2 brachypterous, leaves of Cynodon dactylon, 17-VIII-1993; 2 , Setaria viridis, 26-VIII-1994. — Gharlegh, 1 , flowers of Cuscuta sp., 11-VII-1993. Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom (p. 30). Bojnourd, 3 , leaves of Malus domestica, 9-IX-1994. — Malkesh, 3 , flowering Medicago sativa, 15-IX-1994. Aptinothrips elegans Priesner (p. 30). Band-e-Yaghmur, 6 , Noaea mucronata, 11-IX-1994. — Malkesh, 2 , 15-VII-1993; 1 , 15-IX-1994; both from flowering Trifolium repens. Aptinothrips rufus (Haliday) (p. 30). Bojnourd, 2 , leaves of Lolium temulentum, 11-VII-1994. — Malkesh, 1 , flowering Trifolium repens, 15-IX-1994. Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday) (p. 30). Bojnourd, 1 , 17-VIII-1993; 1 , 11-VII-1994; both from leaves of Cynodon dactylon. Chirothrips molestus Priesner (p. 30). Band-e-Yaghmur, 1 , leaves of Cynodon dactylon, 11-VIII1994. Dendrothrips degeeri Uzel (p. 30), Badranlu, 1 , flowering Rubus sp., 13-VII-1993. Dendrothrips saltatrix Uzel (p. 31). Besh-Ghardash, 1 , flowering Sonchus oleraceus, 2-VIII-1993. — Gharlegh, 1 , from leaves of Morus alba, 11-VII-1993. Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel (p. 31). 3 , 4 , taken on 2 species of plants, are reported from 3 localities in Bojnourd region: Badranlu, 1 , 2 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 31-VII-1993. — Eslam-Abad, 1 , 1 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 14-VIII-1993. — Mehnan, 1 , 1 , leaves of Crataegus sp., 3-VIII-1993.


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Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov) (p. 31). Badranlu, 1 , flowering Glycyrrhiza glabra, 13-VII-1993. Euphysothrips minozzii Bagnall (p. 31). 15 , 3 , taken on 6 species of plants, are reported from 4 localities in Bojnourd region: Badranlu, 1 , Perovskia sp., 13-VII-1993. — Bojnourd, 4 , 1 , Satureia hortensis, VII-1994. — Jozak, 1 , Artemisia sp., 13-VIII-1994. — Keshanak, 7 , 2 , leaves of Carum carvi; 1 , Lavandula sp.; 1 , from flowering Echium vulgare; all 30-VII1994. Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) (p. 31). 29 , 5 , taken on 13 species of plants, are reported from 9 localities in Bojnourd region: Ashkhaneh, 7 , Lythrum sp., 13-VIII-1994. — Badranlu, 1 , flowering Rubus sp., 13-VII-1993. — Bagh-e-Azari, 1 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 30-VII-1993. — Besh-Ghardash, 2 , flowers of Orobanche sp.; 7 , 1 , flowering Medicago sativa; all 2-VIII1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , Arctium sp., 26-VIII-1994; 1 , flowering Setaria viridis, 26-VIII-1994; 1 , flowering Medicago sativa, 11-VII-1993; 1 , flowering Trifolium sp., 11-VII-1994. — Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowering Acantholimon sp., 5-VII-1993. — Ghareh-Bashlu, 1 , flowers of Armeniaca vulgaris, 8-IV-1993. — Malkesh, 2 , male flowers of Zea mays, 13-VII-1993. — Shur-Band, 3 , Lythrum sp.; 2 , 1 , leaves of Echinochloa crus-galli; 2 , flowering Polygonum sp.; all 30-VIII-1993. Frankliniella pallida (Uzel) (pp. 31–32). 8 , 1 , taken on 6 species of plants, are reported from 6 localities in Bojnourd region: Bagh-e-Azari, 2 , 1 , flowers of Medicago sativa, 30-VII-1993. — Bagh-e-Rostami, 1 , leaves of Malus domestica; 1 , flowering Trifolium repens; both lots 8-VII-1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , flowering Polygonum aviculare, 9-IX-1995. — Gharlegh, 1 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 11-VII-1993. — Malkesh, 1 , flowers of Medicago sativa, 15-IX-1994. — Mohammad-Abad, 1 , flowers of Tamarix sp., 13-VIII-1994. Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel) (p. 32). Ashkhaneh, 4 , flowers of Oryza sativa, 13-VIII-1994. — Bojnourd, 1 , flowering Kochia sp., 11-VII-1994. Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski (p. 32). Besh-Ghardash, 1 , leaves of Plantago major, 2-VIII1993. Limothrips schmutzi Priesner (p. 32). Bojnourd, 1 , leaves of Cynodon dactylon, 17-VIII-1993. Mycterothrips consociatus (Targioni-Tozzetti). Ashkhaneh, 1 , leaves of Populus sp., 13-VIII-1994. Mycterothrips tschirkunae (Yakhontov) (pp. 32–33). 31 , 6 , taken on 16 species of plants, are reported from 10 localities in Bojnourd region: Bagh-e-Azari, 1 , leaves of Vitis vinifera; 5 , flowering Medicago sativa; both 30-VII-1993. — Bagh-e-Rostami, 1 , leaves of Malus domestica, 8-VII-l993. — Bojnourd, 2 , leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia, 5-VIII-1993; 1 , leaves of Cynodon dactylon, 17-VIII-1993; 2 , 2 , flowering Peganum harmala, 9.viii.1993; 2 , leaves of Kochia sp., 17-VIII-1993. — Eslam-Abad, 1 , leaves of Persica vulgaris, 14.viii.1993. — Ghareh-Bashlu, 3 , leaves of Populus sp.; 1 , 1 , leaves of Pyrus communis; both 6-VII1993. — Gharlegh, 1 , leaves of Pterocarya sp.; 2 , leaves of Vitis vinifera; both, 11-VIIl993. — Keshanak, 2 , flowering Trifolium montanum; 1 , flowers of Carthamus oxyacanthus (as “oxycantha”); both, 27-VII-1994. — Langar, 1 , 1 , flowers of Rosa canina, 31-VII-1993. — Malkesh, 1 , leaves of Amygdalus communis, 15-VII-1993; 2 , leaves of Zygophyllum fabago, 23-VII-1993. — Mehnan, 2 , 2 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 3-VIII-1993. Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams) (p. 33). 19 , 3 , taken on 10 species of plants, are reported from 7 localities in Bojnourd region: Bojnourd, 1 , leaves of Digitaria sanguinalis, 5-VIII-1994; 2 , leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia, 5-VIII-1993. — Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowering Medicago sativa, 5-VII-1993. — Goley, 4 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 13-VII-1993. — Keshanak, 1 , leaves of Ulmus campestris; 1 , Lythrum sp.; both 30-VII-1994. — Khorashah, 1 , leaves of Gossypium herbaceum, 26-VII-1993. — Mehmanak, 2 , leaves of Pinus sp., 13-VII-1994. — Tabar, 5 , 1 , leaves of Armeniaca vulgaris; 2 , 1 , flowering Phaseolus vulgaris; both 26-VII-1993. Neohydatothrips tadzhicus (Pelikán) (p. 33). 12 , 5 , taken on 6 species of plants, are reported from 6 localities in Bojnourd region: Badranlu, 3 , 1 , flowering Glycyrrhiza glabra, 13-VII1993. — Behkadeh, 1 , leaves of Punica granatum, 14-VI-1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , Digitaria sanguinalis, 5-VIII-1994. — Eslam-Abad, 1 , leaves of Persica vulgaris, 14-VIII-1993. —

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Keshanak, 5 , flowering Trifolium montanum, 27-VII-1994. — Langar, 3 , 2 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 31-VII-1993. Odontothrips confusus Priesner (p. 33). Bagh-e-Azari, 1 , 9-IX-1994. — Bojnourd, 1 , 1 , 11-VII1993; 2 , VII-1994. — Malkesh, 4 , 15-IX-1994. All from flowering Medicago sativa. Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner) (p. 33). Bojnourd, 5 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 4-VI-1993. Scolothrips latipennis Priesner (p. 33). Bojnourd, 1 , leaves of Citrullus vulgaris (infested with Tetranychus sp.), 17-VIII-1993. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner (p. 34). 12 , 5 , taken on 3 species of plants, are reported from 3 localities in Bojnourd region: Bagh-e-Hemmati, 2 , leaves of Malus domestica (infested with Panonychus ulmi Koch.), 21-VII-1993. — Bojnourd, 3 , 1 , leaves of Malus domestica (infested with Panonychus ulmi), 6-VIII-1993; 4 , leaves of Cerasus vulgaris (infested with Tetranychus sp.), 9-VIII-1993. — Gharlegh, 1 , leaves of Pterocarya sp. (infested with Tetranychus sp.), 11-VII-1993. Sitothrips arabicus Priesner (p. 34). Malkesh, 1 , ears of Triticum aestivum, 10-V-1994 (leg. S. H. Malkeshi). Tenothrips discolor (Karny) (p. 34). 19 , 3 , taken on 3 species of plants, are reported from 9 localities in Bojnourd region: Bagh-e-Azari, 1 , flowering Medicago sativa, 30-VII-1993. — Behkadeh, 2 , 1 , flowering Capparis spinosa, 8.vii.1993; 2 , flowering Sinapis arvensis, 18.vii.1993. — Bojnourd, 3 , flowering Peganum harmala, 9-VIII-1993. — Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowering Acantholimon sp., 5-VII-1993. — Goley, 1 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 13-VII-1993. — Hesar, 1 , flowers of Anthemis sp., 5-VII-1993. — Jozak, 2 , Artemisia sp., 13-VIII-1994. — Keshanak, 1 , flowering Trifolium montanum, 27-VII-1994; 3 , 1 , flowers of Carthamus oxyacanthus (as “oxycantha”), 27-VII-1994; 2 , Lythrum sp., 30-VII-1994. — Pish-Ghaleh, 1 , flowers of Verbascum speciocum, 21-VII-1993. Tenothrips frici (Uzel) (p. 34). 6 , 4 , taken on 6 species of plants, are reported from 5 localities in Bojnourd region: Bagh-e-Hemmati, 1 , flowering Lactuca scariola, 21-VII-1993. — BeshGhardash, 1 , flowering Medicago sativa, 2-VIII-1993. — Bojnourd, 2 , 1 , Cynodon dactylon leaves, 17-VIII-1993. — Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowering Capsella bursa-pastoris, 5.vii.1993. — PishGhaleh, 1 , 2 , flowering Cichorium intybus; 1 , flowers of Verbascum speciosum; all 21-VII1993. Tenothrips latoides (Pelikán) (pp. 34–35). 30 , 11 , taken on 12 species of plants, are reported from 11 localities in Bojnourd region: Ashkhaneh, 1 , leaves of Populus nigra, 7-VII-1994. — Badranlu, 2 , flowering Rubus sp., 13-VII-1993. — Bagh-e-Hemmati, 1 , leaves of Malus domestica, 21-VII-1993. — Behkadeh, 1 , flowers of Rosa sp., 2-VI-1993; 6 , flowering Alhagi camelorum, 18-VII-1993; 4 , 1 , flowering Punica granatum, 14VI-1993. — Besh-Ghardash, 1 , leaves of Populus nigra, 3-VIII-1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , 1 , flowers of Rosa sp., 5-VIII1993; 3 , leaves of Berberis sp., 5-VI-1993; 2 , 1 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 4-VI-1993; 1 , 1 , leaves of Populus sp., 26-VII-1994. — Eslam-Abad, 2 , 2 , leaves of Populus alba, 16-VIII1993. — Goley, 1 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 13-VII-1993. — Langar, 1 , flowering Rubus sp., 31-VII-1993. — Malkesh, 1 , leaves of Crataegus sp., 18-V-1994; 1 , flowers of Cerasus vulgaris, 18-V-1994; 1 , 1 , leaves of Populus nigra, 15-VII-1993; 1 , 1 , flowering Rubus sp., 15-VII-1993. — Nehalestan, 1 , 1 , flowering Alhagi camelorum, 24-VII-1993. Thrips atratus Haliday (p. 35). 12 , 3 , taken on 9 species of plants, are reported from 6 localities in Bojnourd region: Besh-Ghardash, 1 , flowers of Nepeta sp., 2-VII-1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , 2 , flowers of Salvia sp., 20-VII-1993; 1 , flowering Lycopersicon esculentum, 11-VII-1993; 2 , flowers of Teucrium orientale, 26-VIII-1993. — Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowering Medicago sativa, 5-VII-1993. — Kafeh-Sahra, 1 , 1 , flowers of Echium vulgare, 13-VII-1993. — Keshanak, 3 , Lavandula sp.; 1 , flowering Carum carvi; all 30-VII-1994. — Malkesh, 1 , ears of Triticum aestivum, 10-V-1994 (leg. S. H. Malkeshi). Thrips major Uzel (p. 35). Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowering Acantholimon sp., 5-VII-1993. Thrips meridionalis (Priesner) (p. 35). 10 , 5 , taken on 4 species of plants, are reported from 3 localities in Bojnourd region: Bojnourd, 2 , 2 , Lonicera caprifolium, 3-VII-1993; 4 ,


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flowers of Pyrus communis, 8-IV-1993. — Chahar-Bid, 2 , 3 , Verbascum speciosum, 5-VII1993. — Malkesh, 2 , flowering Crataegus sp., 18-V-1994. Thrips nigropilosus Uzel (p. 35–36). Yaghmur, 1 brachypterous, Noaea mucronata, 11-IX-1994. — Besh-Ghardash, 1 macropterous, Plantago sp., 8-VII-1993; 1 macropterous, leaves of Beta vulgaris, 3-VII-1993. Thrips physapus Linnaeus (p. 36). Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowering Acroptilon repens, 25-VI-1993. — Gharlegh, 1 , leaves of Cerasus vulgaris, 23-VI-1993. — Keshanak, 1 , Carthamus oxyacanthus (as “oxyacantha”), 30-VII-1994. Thrips pillichi Priesner (p. 36). Bid, 1 , flowering Verbascum speciosum, 5-VII-1993. — Malkesh, 1 , flowering Chenopodium album. Thrips tabaci Lindeman (p. 36). 15 , 2 , taken on 11 species of plants, are reported from 10 localities in Bojnourd region: Ashkhaneh, 2 , leaves of Oryza sativa, 13-VIII-1994. Badranlu, 1 , flowering Rubus sp., 13-VII-1993. — Bagh-e-Hemmati, 1 , leaves of Malus domestica, 21-VII-1993. — Bagh-e-Rostami, 1 , leaves of Malus domestica, 8-VII-1993. — Behkadeh, 1 , flowering Alhagi camelorum, 18-VII-1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , Setaria viridis, 6-VIII-1994; 2 , leaves of Kochia sp., 17-VIII-1993; 1 , leaves of Plantago sp., 11-VII-1994. — Goley, 2 , leaves of Vitis vinifera, 13-VII-1993. — Hesar, 1 , Anthemis sp., 5-VII-1993. — Pish-Ghaleh, 1 , leaves of Gossypium herbaceum, 21-VII-1993. — Takhteh-Bashghi, 3 , flowering Centaurea depressa, 5-VII-1993. Thrips trehernei Priesner (p. 36). Besh-Ghardash, 1 , leaves of Cerasus vulgaris, 2-VIII-1993. — Bojnourd, 1 , flowering Salvia sp., 20-VII-1993. — Kafeh-Sahra, 3 , flowering Acroptilon repens, 13-VIII-1994. Thrips verbasci (Priesner) (p. 36). Pish-Ghaleh, 1 , 1 , flowering Verbascum speciosum, 21-VII1993. Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall) (p. 37). 6 , taken on 4 species of plants, are reported from 3 localities in Bojnourd region: Besh-Ghardash, 1 , flowers of Sonchus oleraceus, 2-VIII-1994. — Bojnourd, 2 , flowers of Acroptilon repens, 19-VIII-1994; 2 , flowers of Centaurea solstitialis, 27-VII-1994. — Kafeh-Sahra, 1 , flowers of Onopordum heteracanthum (as “Onopordon”), 13-VII-1994. Suborder Tubulifera –Family Phlaeothripidae, 12 species: Cephalothrips coxalis Bagnall (p. 37). Keshanak, 1 , leaves of Berberis sp.; 1 , leaves of Pyrus sp.; both 30-VII-1994. Cephalothrips monilicornis (O. M. Reuter) (p. 37). Keshanak, 2 , flowering Carum carvi, 30-VII1994. Haplothrips andresi Priesner (p. 37). Bojnourd, 1 , 1 , leaves of Berberis sp., 5-VI-1993. Haplothrips clarisetis Priesner (p. 37). Bojnourd, 1 , flowers of Lonicera caprifolium, 3-VI-1993. — Mohammad-Abad, 1 , flowering Mentha sp., 11-VIII-1993. Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny) (pp. 37–38). 13 , 4 , taken on 9 species of plants, are reported from 6 localities in Bojnourd region: Bagh-e-Hemmati, 1 , flowering Lactuca scariola, 21-VII1993. — Band-e-Yaghmur, 3 , Noaea mucronata, 11-IX-1994. — Besh-Ghardash, 1 , flowers of Nepeta sp., 2-VIII-1993. — Bojnourd, 3 , 1 , leaves of Cynodon dactylon, 17-VIII-1993; 1 , 1 , leaves of Polygonum aviculare, 9-IX-1995; 1 , Plantago sp., 11-VII-1994; 1 , flowering Setaria viridis, 26-VIII-1994. — Gharlegh, 3 , leaves of Lolium temulentum, 11-VII1993. — Nehalestan, 1 , flowers of Cercis siliquastrum, 21-VIII-1993. Haplothrips flavitibia Williams (p. 38). Bojnourd, 1 , leaves of Cynodon dactylon, 17-VIII-1993. Haplothrips kurdjumovi Karny (p. 38). Eslam-Abad, 3 , leaves of Populus alba, 14-VIII-1993. Haplothrips niger (Osborn) (p. 38). Malkesh, 2 , 1 , flowering Trifolium repens, 15-VII-1993. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny) (p. 38). 22 , 9 , taken on 17 species of plants, are reported from 10 localities in Bojnourd region: Badranlu, 1 , Perovskia sp., 13-VII-l993. — Bagh-e-Azari, 1 , flowers of Medicago sativa, 30-VII-1993. — Behkadeh, 2 , 1 , flowers of Rosa sp., 2-VI1993. — Bojnourd, 4 , flowers of Acroptilon repens, 19-VII-1993; 1 , flowers of Rosa sp., 5-VIII-1993. — Chahar-Bid, 1 , flowers of Medicago sativa; 1 , flowers of Verbascum

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speciosum; 1 , flowering Acantholimon sp.; all 5-VII-1993. — Kafeh-Sahra, 1 , 1 , flowering Acroptilon repens, 13-VIII-1994; 2 , flowers of Onopordum heteracanthum (as “Onopordon”), 13-VII-1993. — Keshanak, 1 , leaves of Ulmus campestris; 1 , 1 , flowers of Helianthus annuus; all 30-VII-1994. — Malkesh, 1 , 1 , flowers of Centaurea virgata, 15-VII1993; 2 , ears of Triticum aestivum, 10-V-1994 (leg. S. H. Malkeshi); 1 , flowers of Pyrus communis, 18-V-1994; 1 , flowers of Cerasus avium, 17-IV-1994; 1 , 1 , flowers of Cerasus vulgaris, 18-V-1994. — Shur-Band, 1 , Lythrum sp., 31-VIII-1993; 1 , flowering Alhagi camelorum, 26-VII-l993. — Takhteh-Bashghi, 1 , flowers of Centaurea depressa, 5-VII-1993. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov) (p. 38). Malkesh, 2 , ears of Triticum aestivum, 10-V-1994 (leg. S. H. Malkeshi). Hoplandrothrips hungaricus Priesner (p. 38). Bagh-e-Hemmati, 1 , leaves of Malus domestica, 21-VII-1993. Plicothrips apicalis (Bagnall) (p. 39). Bojnourd, 1 , 17-VIII-1993. — Band-e-Yaghmur, 3 , 11-IX1994. All from Cynodon dactylon leaves.

15 Alavi, J. & A. A. Mohiseni 2002. Psilothrips bimaculatus (Priesner) a new record for Thysanoptera fauna of Iran. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, pp. 183–184 (in Abstracts in English), p. 311 (in Abstracts in Persian). Psilothrips bimaculatus (Priesner) collected on siris trees (Albizia sp.) in Ahwaz (1992–93) is reported. Some characters of the species are given. Dr. R. zur Strassen confirmed the species. This is the second report on the results of a faunistic survey of Thysanoptera on siris and citrus trees in Ahwaz (1992–93), the first list reporting 7 species was published earlier (Mohiseni, Kamali, & Alavi 1998).

16 Alavi, J. & R. zur Strassen 2002. Faunistic study of Thysanoptera on soybean in Golestan province. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, pp. 181–182 (in Abstracts in English), pp. 308–309 (in Abstracts in Persian). During 1998–2000 a faunistic study was carried out to collect and identify thrips on soybean fields in Golestan province. 14 species belonging to 3 families and 8 genera were identified. These species are listed. Among these, 2 species are considered new records for Iran: Exothrips redox, Haplothrips eragrostidis. Thripidae, 9 species: Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller) (p. 181). Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom (p. 181). Exothrips redox Bhatti (p. 182). Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom). Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel). Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams). Scolothrips longicornis Priesner. Thrips atratus Haliday. Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Aeolothripidae, 2 species: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner. Aeolothrips near intermedius Bagnall. Phlaeothripidae, 3 species: Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius). Haplothrips eragrostidis Priesner.


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Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny). [The species were confirmed or identified by zur Strassen].

17 Alavi, J.; R. zur Strassen; & N. Bagherani 2007. Thrips (Thysanoptera) species associated with wheat and barley in Golestan province, Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 27 (1): 1–28. (In English) (Abstract in English and Persian on p. 1). Fields of winter wheat and barley were sampled during two years (November to June 1996–1998) in Golestan province to determine the occurrence, frequency and distribution of thrips species. 32 species belonging to 3 families and 16 genera were found. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov) was the dominant species accounting for 70.2% and 55.7% of identified individuals in wheat and barley respectively. It was found in 63 samples out of 215 and was represented by 1922 individuals out of 3022. Sitothrips arabicus Priesner was the second most abundant species, comprising 13.5% and 20.1% in wheat and barley respectively. Regression analysis showed a non-linear relation (y = 42.65 + 0.33x–0.0002x2) between altitude (x) and population density (y) of H. tritici on wheat. Locality and date of collection, host(s), and distribution data for each species are given. Specimens were collected from 31 localities in 7 counties of Golestan province: Agh-Ghala (Agh-Ghala, Anbar-Olum, Ata-Abad, Ghan-Ghermeh, Ouch-Tappeh), Ali-Abad (Ali-Abad), Bandar-e-Torkaman (Bandar-e-Torkaman, Gharanjik, Gomishan), Gonbad (Bibi-Shirvan, Dashli-Borun, Gonbad, ImerMollasari, Incheh-Borun, Oukhi-Tappeh), Gorgan (Araghi-Mahalleh, Chahar-Bagh, Hashem-Abad, Marzan-Kalateh, Shah-Kooh), Kalaleh (Agh-Ghaleh, Agh-Emam, Gok-Darreh, Kalaleh, MaravehTappeh, Mardom-Darreh), Kord-Kooy (Agh-Emam, Damdam, Jahan-Nama, Kord-Kooy, Yasaghi). I. Suborder Terebrantia 1. Family Aeolothripidae Aeolothrips collaris Priesner (p. 5). 14 3 were collected from 6 localities in 3 counties (8 1 from wheat, 6 from barley): Gonbad: Dashli-Borun, 1 , on wheat, 12-IV-1997; Incheh-Borun, 2 1 , on barley, 13-V-1998. Gorgan: Shah-Kooh, 3 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Kalaleh: Gok-Darreh, 4 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; Maraveh-Tappeh, 1 , on barley, 12-V-1997; Mardom-Darreh, 3 1 , on barley, 27-IV-1998. Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán (p. 5–6). 38 6 were collected from 10 localities in 4 counties (10 3 from wheat, 6 from barley): Agh-Ghala: Agh-Ghala, 2 , on barley, 14-IV-1997; Ata-Abad, 1 1 , on barley, 7-IV-1997; 1 , on wheat, 16-IV-1997; 2 , on barley, 12-IV-1998; 3 1 , on barley, 14-IV-1998; 2 1 , on wheat, 14-IV-1998; Ghan-Ghermeh, 4 , on barley, 8-IV1997; Ouch-Tappeh, 2 , on wheat, 14-IV-1998. Gonbad: Bibi-Shirvan, 6 , on barley, 28-IV-1998; Imer-Mollasari, 5 , on barley, 21-IV-1998; Incheh-Borun, 1 , on Phalaris minor, 13-V-1998; Oukhi-Tappeh, 1 , on barley, 13-V-1998. Gorgan: Chahar-Bagh, 2 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998; Shah-Kooh, 2 1 , on barley, 6-VI-1998; 3 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Kalaleh: Mardom-Darreh, 1 , on barley, 17-IV-1998. Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall (p. 6). Kalaleh: Maraveh-Tappeh, 1 , on barley, 4-V-1998. Gonbad: Oukhi-Tappeh, 1 , on barley, 13-V-1998. Melanthrips knechteli Priesner (p. 6). Gorgan: Shah-Kooh, 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Melanthrips pallidior Priesner (p. 6). Gorgan: Shah-Kooh, 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Kalaleh: GokDarreh, 3 on wheat, 12-V-1997. Rhipidothrips brunneus Williams (p. 7). Agh-Ghala: Agh-Ghala, 7 , on barley, 16-II-1997. Bandare-Torkaman: Gharanjik, 1 , on barley, 27-I-1997. Gonbad: Incheh-Borun, 3 on Phalaris minor, 13-V-1998. Rhipidothrips flavus Tunç (p. 7). Kalaleh: Maraveh-Tappeh, 1 , on wheat, 13-V-1997. Rhipidothrips gratiosus Uzel (p. 7). Agh-Ghala: Ata-Abad, 3 , on wheat, 12-IV-1998; 15 on Avena ludoviciana, 22-IV-1998. Ali-Abad: Ali-Abad, 5 , on barley, 14-IV-1998. Kalaleh: Gok-Darreh, 1 on wheat, 12-V-1997.

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2. Family Thripidae Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom (p. 7–8). Ali-Abad: Ali-Abad, 1 , on wheat, 26-I-1997. Aptinothrips rufus (Haliday) (p. 8). Collected from 6 localities in 4 counties (4 from wheat, 30 from barley): Agh-Ghala: Ghan-Ghermeh, 2 , on barley, 8. IV.1997. Ali-Abad: Ali-Abad, 3 , on wheat, 17-IV-1997; 5 , on barley, 14-IV-1998. Gonbad: Gonbad, 1 , on barley, 27-II-1997; ImerMollasari, 2 , on barley, 21-IV-1998; Oukhi-Tappeh, 1 on wheat, 13-V-1998. Kord-Kooy: JahanNama, 20 , on barley, 19-V-1998. Chirothrips africanus Priesner (p. 8). Gonbad: Oukhi-Tappeh, 1 , on barley, 13-V-1998. Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday) (p. 8–9). Kalaleh: Maraveh-Tappeh, 1 , on wheat, 24-IV-1997. Chirothrips molestus Priesner (p. 9). Kalaleh: Gok-Darreh, 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997. Gorgan: ShahKooh, 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Collembolothrips mediterraneus Priesner (p. 9). Collected from 6 localities in 4 counties (7 from wheat, 8 from barley): Agh-Ghala: Ata-Abad, 4 , on barley, 14-IV-1998; Ghan-Ghermeh, 1 , on barley, 8-IV-1997; Ouch-Tappeh, 1 , on wheat, 14-IV-1998. Gonbad: Dashli-Borun, 1 , on wheat, 8-IV-1997; 1 , on wheat, 12-IV-1997. Gorgan: Chahar-Bagh, 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Kalaleh: Kalaleh, 3 , on wheat, 30-III-1997. Eremiothrips taghizadehi (zur Strassen) (p. 9). Gonbad: Dashli-Borun, 3 , on wheat, 12-IV-1997; Oukhi-Tappeh, 3 , on barley, 13-V-1998. Kalaleh: Gok-Darreh, 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; Kalaleh, 3 , on wheat, 30-III-1997. Eremiothrips tamaricis (zur Strassen) (p. 10). Gonbad: Oukhi-Tappeh, 1 , on barley, 13-V-1998. Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti) (p. 10). Gonbad: Oukhi-Tappeh, 10 5 , on barley, 13-V-1998. Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel) (p. 10). Gonbad: Bibi-Shirvan, 1 , 28-IV-1998; Oukhi-Tappeh, 1 , 13-V-1998, both on barley. Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski (p. 10–11). Kalaleh: Agh-Ghaleh, 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997. Gonbad: Incheh-Borun, 8 , on barley, 12-V-1997. Limothrips denticornis (Haliday) (p. 11). Kalaleh: Agh-Emam, 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; GokDarreh, 2 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; Maraveh-Tappeh, 2 , on barley, 12-V-1997; 4 , on wheat, 24-IV-1997; 2 , on wheat, 18-V-1998. Limothrips transcaucasicus Savenko (p. 11). Collected from 5 localities in 4 counties (11 from wheat, 10 from barley): Gorgan: Shah-Kooh, 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Kalaleh: Gok-Darreh, 5 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; Kalaleh: Maraveh-Tappeh, 4 , on wheat, 24-IV-1997; 2 , on barley, 4-V-1998; Mardom-Darreh, 1 , on wheat, 27-IV-1998; 2 , on barley, 27-IV-1998. Kord-kooy: Jahan-Nama, 7 , on barley, 19-V-1998. Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams) (p. 11). Collected from 5 localities in 4 counties (8 from wheat, 1 from barley): Ali-Abad: Ali-Abad, 3 , on wheat, 26-I-1997. Gonbad: Gonbad, 1 , on wheat, 12-III-1997. Gorgan: Araghi-Mahalleh, 2 , on wheat, 6-II-1997; Hashem-Abad, 2 , on wheat, 24-XII-1996. Kord-Kooy: Kord-Kooy, 1 , on barley, 14-I-1997. Sitothrips arabicus Priesner (p. 12). Collected from 14 localities in 5 counties (13 from wheat, 42 from barley): Agh-Ghala: Agh-Ghala, 1 , on wheat, 14-IV-1997; Anbar-Olum, 3 , on wheat, 14-IV-1997; Ata-Abad, 5 , on barley, 12-IV-1998; 6 , on Aegilops cylindrica, 2-IV-1998; 20 , on Alopecurus myosuroides, 22-IV-1998; Ghan-Ghermeh, 4 , on barley, 8-IV-1997; Ouch-Tappeh, 2 , on wheat, 14-IV-1998. Ali-Abad: Ali-Abad, 14 , 17-IV-1997; 4 , 14-IV-1998, both on barley. Bandar-e-Torkaman: Bandar-e-Torkaman, 1 , on wheat, 22-IV-1997; Gomishan, 2 , on barley, 16-IV-1997. Gonbad: Bibi-Shirvan, 1 , on wheat, 17-IV-1997, 5 , on barley, 25-IV-1998; Gonbad, 2 , on wheat, 8-IV-1997; 1 , on wheat, 12-IV-1997; Imer-Mollasari, 5 , on barley, 21-IV-1998. Kalaleh: Agh-Emam, 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; Damdam, 1 , on barley, 12-V-1997; MaravehTappeh, 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; Mardom-Darreh, 2 , on barley, 27-IV-1998. Stenothrips graminum Uzel (p. 12). Agh-Ghala: Ata-Abad, 2 , on wheat, 14-IV-1998. Gonbad: ImerMollasari, 6 5 , on barley, 21-IV-1998. Gorgan: Gorgan, 2 2 , on wheat, 12-IV-1998. Thrips major Uzel (p. 12–13). Ali-Abad: Ali-Abad, 3 , on wheat, 26-I-1997.


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Thrips meridionalis (Priesner) (p. 13). Ali-Abad: Ali-Abad, 1 , on wheat, 26-I-1997. Gorgan: Hashem-Abad, 1 , on barley, 24-XII-1996; Shah-Kooh, 4 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Thrips minutissimus Linnaeus (p. 13). Gonbad: Gonbad, 2 , on wheat, 25-III-1997. Gorgan: AraghiMahalleh, 1 , on wheat, 6-II-1997; Marzan-Kalateh, 4 , on barley, 7-IV-1997. Thrips tabaci Lindeman (p. 14). Collected from 8 localities in 4 counties (18 from wheat, 31 from barley): Agh-Ghala: Agh-Ghala, 1 , 16-II-1997, 1 , 14-IV-1997, both on barley. Gonbad: Gonbad, 3 , 27-II-1997, 2 , 12-III-1997, 1 , 25-III-1997, 1 , 5-IV-1997, all on wheat; 3 , on barley, 27-II-1997; Incheh-Borun, 3 , on Phalaris minor, 13-V-1998. Gorgan: Araghi-Mahalleh, 4 , on wheat, 4 , on barley, 18-XII-1996; 2 , on wheat, 6-II-1997; Hashem-Abad, 5 , on barley, 24-XII-1996; Shah-Kooh, 5 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Kord-Kooy: Jahan-Nama, 10 , on barley, 19-V-1998; Kord-Kooy, 2 , on barley, 14-I-1997; Yasaghi, 5 , on barley, 20-XII-1996. II. Suborder Tubulifera Family Phlaeothripidae Cephalothrips monilicornis (O. M. Reuter) (p. 15). Gorgan: Chahar-Bagh, 3 , on barley, 6-VI-1998. Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius) (p. 15). Collected from 8 localities in 6 counties (15 1 from wheat, 8 from barley): Agh-Ghala: Ghan-Ghermeh, 3 , on barley, 8-IV-1997; Ghare-Tappeh, 1 , on wheat, 8-IV-1997. Ali-Abad: Ali-Abad, 1 , on wheat, 26-I-1997. Gonbad: Gonbad, 4 , on wheat, 9-IV-1997. Gorgan: Hashem-Abad, 4 , on barley, 24-XII-1996; Marzan-Kalateh, 1 , on barley, 7-IV-1997. Kord-Kooy: Yasaghi, 4 1 , on wheat, 8-IV-1997. Ramian: Dar-Kalateh, 5 , on wheat, 19-IV-1997. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny) (p. 15–16). Gorgan: Chahar-Bagh, 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998; Shah-Kooh, 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov) (p. 16–17). Collected from 17 localities in 5 counties (17 7 from wheat, 20 10 from barley): Agh-Ghala: Agh-Ghala, 1 , on wheat, 14-IV-1997; Anbar-Olum, 2 1 , on wheat, 14-IV-1997; Ata-Abad, 1 , 7-IV-1997, 2 1 , 12-IV-1998, 2 1 , 14-IV-1998, all on barely; 1 , 16-IV-1997, 5 2 , 14-IV-1998, both on wheat; Ghan-Ghermeh, 2 , on barley, 8-IV-1997; Ouch-Tappeh, 1 , on wheat, 14-IV-1998. Bandar-e-Torkaman: Gomishan, 1 , on wheat, 16-IV-1997; Gharanjik, 1 , on wheat, 8-IV-1997. Gonbad: Bibi-Shirvan, 1 , on barley, 28-IV-1998; Gonbad, 1 , 9-IV-1997, 2 , 15-IV-1997, both on wheat; Imer-Mollasari, 7 2 , on barley, 21-IV-1998; Incheh-Borun, 2 4 , on barley, 13-V-1998. Gorgan: Chahar-Bagh, 1 1 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998; 2 , on barley, 6-V-1998; Marzan-Kalateh, 1 , on barley, 7-IV-1997; ShahKooh, 2 , on wheat, 6-VI-1998; 2 1 , on Avena ludoviciana, 22-IV-1998; 1 , on Aegilops cylindrica, 22-IV-1998; 5 , on Secale cereale, 22-IV-1998. Kalalaeh: Agh-Emam, 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; Gok-Darreh, 1 , on wheat, 12-V-1997; Maraveh-Tappeh, 3 , on barley, 4-VI-1998. Species of Thysanoptera were collected mainly from wheat and barley, but a few specimens were also collected from other Gramineae. 17 species are recorded from both wheat and barley, 8 species from wheat only, and 7 species from barley. wheat 149 barley 236 Aegilops cylindrica 7 Alopecurus myosuroides 20 Avena ludoviciana 17 Phalaris minor 7 Secale cereale

5

14 30

1

25 species 24 species Sitothrips arabicus 6 , Haplothrips tritici 1 Sitothrips arabicus Rhipidothrips gratiosus 15 , Haplothrips tritici 2 1 Aeolothrips mongolicus 1 , Rhipidothrips brunneus 3 , Thrips tabaci 3 Haplothrips tritici

Among the species recorded from wheat and barley, there are 14 species which are not known as graminivorous species, of which Thrips tabaci was more abundant and frequent than the others. [Identifications were done by zur Strasssen and Alavi]. ALEMANSOUR, H. / AL-E-MANSOOR, H. — Al-e-Mansoor, H. & A. A. Ahmadi 1993. Alemansour, H. & M. Fallahzadeh 2004.

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18 Al-e-Mansoor, H. & A. A. Ahmadi 1993. Natural enemies of cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in Fars province. Proceedings of the 11th Plant Protection Congress of Iran, 28 Aug.–2 Sept. 1993, University of Guilan, Rasht, p. 106 (in Abstracts in English), p. 106 (in Abstracts in Persian). During two years survey (1990–1992) on natural enemies of cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, in Fars province, 4 species of parasitoids and 23 species of predators were collected and identified, belonging to Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, and Coleoptera. Scolothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is listed among the species of predators of the cotton whitefly.

19 Alemansour, H. & M. Fallahzadeh 2004. Notes on the Thysanoptera fauna of olive orchards in Fars province. Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Vol. I, Pests, p. 103. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). During 2001–2002, studies were carried out to identify the fauna of Thysanoptera in Fars province. Many species of Thysanoptera were collected and identified. Of these, 7 species belonging to 4 genera and 3 families are reported on olive flowers. Family Aeolothripidae: Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus). Aeolothrips nr. intermedius Bagnall. Family Phlaeothripidae: Haplothrips clarisetis Priesner. Haplothrips iraniensis Priesner. Family Thripidae: Scolothrips longicornis Priesner. Thrips meridionalis (Priesner). Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Scolothrips and Aeolothrips are predators, the others are pests. Specimens were sent to Senckenberg Museum, Germany, and were confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen. ALI AKBAR, A. — Nouri Moghadam, R., N. Jaliani, J. Habibi, & A. Ali Akbar 2004. ALIAN, Y. Mohammad — See: MOHAMMAD ALIAN, Y. ALICHI, M. — Alichi, M. & K. Minaei 2000. Minaei, K. & M. Alichi 2000a–b, 2001, 2002a–c, 2007. Minaei, K., M. Alichi, & A. A. Ahmadi 2001. Minaei, K., M. Alichi, & G. Asadi 2002.

20 Alichi, M. & K. Minaei 2000. An injurious thrips (Retithrips syriacus Mayet) from vineyards of Shiraz. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 281 (in Abstracts in English), p. 281 (in Abstracts in Persian). During studies on Thysanoptera in Fars province, high populations of Retithrips syriacus (Mayet) were observed in 1998 on the leaves of grape. In addition to grape, this thrips was seen on myrtle plant in Shiraz, but based on samples taken by the authors there is no evidence of its presence on castor or cotton in Shiraz and vicinity. Adults are dark brown with short broad body and stout antennae. Their tarsi are 1-segmented and they lack fringe cilia on anterior margin of forewings. The red larvae of this thrips cover leaf area and by sucking plant juice, cause leaf bleach and distortion. They secrete large amount of honeydew and leave their black waste materials which interrupt photosynthesis of the plant.


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This species has been previously recorded on leaves of grape from Khozestan province [Cheraghian & Hojat 1998]. ALI, J. Khajeh — See: KHAJEH ALI, J. ALIMOUSAVI, S. A. — Alimousavi, S. A., M. R. Hassandokht, & S. Moharramipour 2007.

21 Alimousavi, Seyedeh Azra; Mohammad Reza Hassandokht; & Saeid Moharramipour 2007. Evaluation of Iranian onion germplasms for resistance to thrips. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 9 (3): 455–458. University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Pakistan). (In English). The onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman) is the major foliage pest in field cultures of Iran. Since there is little information about resistance of these genotypes to thrips, this experiment was carried out (1) to find the resistant genotypes to thrips, (2) to evaluate the traits related to thrips resistance of 15 Iranian genotypes, and (3) to identify promising materials for preservation and breeding programs. The results showed that genotypes “Meshkan”, “Sefid-e-Kurdistan”, “Sefid-e-Qom”, and “Eghlid” had the lowest thrips number, percentage of leaf infestation, leaf wax in comparison to susceptible genotypes. Genotypes with glossy foliage were resistant and genotypes with non-glossy foliage were susceptible to thrips. Therefore, thrips-resistant Iranian onions could be used for crossing with susceptible genotypes and producing resistant cultivars. ALIZADEH, A. — Samih, M. A., A. Alizadeh, & R. Saberi Riseh 2005. ALLAHI, A. R. SEIF — See: SEIF ALLAHI, A. R. AMIN, G. / AMIN, G.A. — Javan Moghadam, H., P. Noori, S. M. Hosseini, & G. Amin 2000. Noori, P., H. Javan Moghaddam, S. M. Hosseini, & G. A. Amin 2000. Taghizadeh, M., S. M. Hosseini, T. D. Mojeni, & G. Amin 2004. ANONYMOUS — Anonymous 1980.

(3) Anonymous 1980. Les ravageurs, maladies, et les mauvaises herbes des cultures et arbres fruitiers. 38 pp. Rhône-Poulenc Agrochemicals. (In French and Persian). [Pests, diseases, and weeds of crops and fruit trees]. This publication comprises data from scattered publications compiled by specialists of Roodia-Iran, the Iranian branch of Rhône Poulenc Phytosanitaire Company. Important pests, diseases, and weeds of field crops and fruit trees are listed in 19 tables. The title and contents of each table are in French and Persian. Thysanoptera appear on pp. 4, 12, 16, 18, 24, 29, 32, 33. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov), “family Tubulifera” [sic !], with medium economic importance; p. 4, in Insects of cereals: wheat and barley. Thrips flavus and Thrips tabaci Lindeman, Thripidae, both with high economic importance; p. 12, in Insects of cotton. Thrips tabaci, Thripidae, with high economic importance. p. 16, in Pests of sugar beet; p. 32, in Insects of tomato, aubergine, potato; p. 33, in Insects of cucumber, squash, watermelon, and melon. Frankliniella spp., with high economic importance, and Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché), Thripidae, with low economic importance; on p. 18, in Insects of tobacco. Taeniothrips frici (Uzel), Thripidae, with low economic importance; p. 24, in Pests of tea. Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg, family “Thripidae” [sic !], with low economic importance; p. 29, in Pests of pistachio. ARABSALMANI, M. — Bayat Asadi, H. & M. Arabsalmani 2005. ARDEH, M. G. — Malkeshi, S. H., A. A. Nasrollahi, & M. G. Ardeh 2001.

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ASADI, G. — Minaei, K., M. Alichi, & G. Asadi 2002. Minaei, K. & G. Asadi 2004. ASADI, H. Bayat — See: BAYAT ASADI, H. ASALI-FAYAZ, B. — Khanjani, M., M. Mirab-Balou, A. H. Eghbalian, B. Asali-Fayaz, G. Suri 2007. ASHOURI, A. — Madadi, H., A. Kharrazi pakdel, A. Ashouri, J. Mohaghegh, & B. Ahmadi 2004. Madadi, H., A. Kharazi-Pakdel, A. Ashouri, & J. Mohaghegh Neyshabouri 2006. Madadi, H., A. Kharrazi-Pakdel, A. Ashouri, J. Mohaghegh neyshabouri, A. Enkegaard, & H. F. Brodsgaard 2006. AWAL, Mehdi Modarres. — See: MODARRES AWAL, M. AZMAYESH FARD, P. / AZMAYESHFARD, P. / AZEMAYESHFARD, P. — Azmayesh Fard, P. & B. Faridi 1993. Esmaili, M., A. A. Mirkarimi, & P. Azmayesh Fard 1991. Jalili Moghadam, M. & P. Azmayesh Fard 2004. Minaei, K. & P. Azemayeshfard 2005, 2007. Minaei, K., P. Azemayeshfard, & L. A. Mound 2007a, b.

22 Azmayesh Fard, P. & B. Faridi 1993. [Study on damage and population density of wheat thrips on three varieties of wheat and two variety of barley in Karaj and Zanjan]. First Iranian Congress on Crop Production and Breeding, 6–9 Sep. 1993, Agricultural Faculty of Tehran University, Karaj, p. 25. (Abstract). (In Persian). This study on wheat thrips was carried out for three years in wheat and barley fields in Karaj (Tehran province) and Zanjan (Zanjan province) on 3 varieties of wheat and 2 varieties of barley. Population density of adult wheat thrips was studied on different parts of wheat and barley plants. Analysis of variance showed that number of adults did not significantly differ among varieties, the results also showed that the pest has only one emergence during a year. [Note. The nature of damage caused is not stated. The scientific name of the thrips is not stated in the publication. However, in Iran, wheat thrips = Haplothrips tritici.]. BABAIE, G. — Babaie, G. & K. Izadpanah 2003.

23 Babaie, Gh. & K. Izadpanah 2003. Vector transmission of Eggplant mottled dwarf virus in Iran. Journal of Phytopathology, 151 (11–12): 679–682. Blackwell Publishing, Berlin. (In English). Thrips tabaci was found to be a non-vector of Eggplant mottled dwarf virus (EMDV), as shown by lack of symptoms on the inoculated test plants and negative ELISA results. A naturally infected eggplant from Shahrekord in central Iran was used as the source of virus. 27 species (two species of mites, one psyllid species, one thrips species (Thrips tabaci), five aphid species, four planthopper and 14 leafhopper species) were investigated for their competence to vector EMDV. The leaf-hopper Agallia vorobjevi alone was able to transmit the virus. BAGHERANI, N. — Alavi, J., R. zur Strassen, & N. Bagherani 2007. BAGHERI, M. R. — Bagheri, M. R. & D. Afioni 2004. Bagheri, M. R., J. Alavi, & M. R. Nematollahi 2003. Bagheri, M. R. & M. Nasr Esfahani 2002. Bagheri, M. R. & G. Radjabi 2000. Nouri Moghadam, R., J. Habibi, M. Aftabi, S. Akbari Noshad, A. Mortazawibak, & M. R. Bagheri 2000.

24 Bagheri, M. R. & D. Afioni 2004. Evaluation of 15 cultivars and advanced lines to wheat thrips (Haplothrips tritici K.) in Golpaygan area (Esfahan province). Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Vol. I, Pests, p. 357. (Abstract). (In Persian and English).


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The wheat thrips Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov) (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) [given as “Thripidae” !] is a serious pest of cereals. Host plant resistance is a useful method recommended for controlling the pest. An experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications in two separate parts in Golpaygan area (Esfahan province) during 1999–2000. 15 cultivars were used: Mahdavi, Ghods, Rowshan, Marvdasht, Barekat, Alvand, Omid, Shotordandan, Pishtaz, Shiraz, M 78-14, M-78-20, M-73-18, M-73-19, and M-73-20. One part of the experimental field was sprayed 4 times with fenitrothion and the other one sprayed with water simultaneously. Sampling of the pest population in each plot was done by counting adults collected in 10 sweepnets at flowering stage and nymphs on 10 ears at milky and ripening stages. At harvesting time, yield and TKW (thousand kernel weight) were assessed. Analysis of variance showed that the number of adult thrips did not significantly differ among the cultivars, but the numbers of nymphs were found to be significantly different. The lowest density of nymphs was observed in Shotordandan and Rowshan (86.4 and 87.3 nymphs per 10 ears) and the highest in M-73-20 (204 nymphs per 10 ears). Differences between sprayed and unsprayed parts for yield were not significant; however, differences for TKW were found to be significant (p≤0.01). Negative correlation was found between nymph population with glume thickness; however, no significant correlation was found between nymph population and awn length.

25 Bagheri, M. R.; J. Alavi; & M. R. Nematollahi 2003. Part of thrips fauna on crops in Esfahan province. Proceedings of the 11th Iranian Conference of Biology, 23–25 Aug. 2003, Urmia University, Urmia, p. 308 (Abstract in Persian), p. 650 (Abstract in English). Through sampling during 1997–2002 from different fields in Esfahan province 7 thrips species, comprising 5 genera and 3 families were collected and identified. One of these species (Aeolothrips versicolor) is stated to be recorded for the first time for Iran fauna. Identified species and their hosts in the province are as follows: Thripidae. Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller) (as “obscurus Muller”), from wheat and barley. Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel) (as “tenuicornis uzel”), from wheat, barley, maize and greenhouse crops. Thrips tabaci Lindeman, from onion, potato, cucumber, tomato, eggplant, cabbage, melon and ornamentals. Phlaeothripidae. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov) (as “tritici K.”), from wheat and barley. Aeolothripidae. Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus) (as “fasciatus Bgn.”). Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall (as “intermedus”). Aeolothrips versicolor Uzel. [The species were identified by JA].

26 Bagheri, M. R. & M. Nasr Esfahani 2002. Some medicinal plants fauna in Esfahan. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, pp. 75–76 (in Abstracts in English), pp. 129–130 (in Abstracts in Persian). During 1998–2001 plant pests were collected and identified from 21 species of medicinal plants in Esfahan province. These pests include 25 species of insects, 2 of Acari, and 2 of Mollusca. Among the insect pests on peppermint are listed 2 species of thrips on p. 76: family Aeolothripidae (as “Aelothripidae”): Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus) (as “Aelothrips fasceatus”) and Aeol. intermedius Bagnall (“A. intermedus”).

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[The thrips were identified by Gilasian (telephonic communication from M. R. Bagheri, 16 Sept 2007). — JA].

27 Bagheri, M. R. & Gh. Radjabi 2000. Evaluation of damages of Haplothrips tritici and effect of conventional sprayings against Sunn pest on the reduction of thrips population. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 16 (in Abstracts in English), p. 16 (in Abstracts in Persian). The research was carried out during 1995–96 in three regions, Freidan, Mobarakeh, and Kaboutar Abad [in Isfahan province], for evaluation of damage by Haplothrips tritici [presumably, to wheat! (the name of the plant is not stated)]. [Note.The nature of damage caused is not stated.]. The effect of conventional spraying against sunn pest on thrips population was studied, using fenitrothion. In order to assess the accurate density and damage by the pest, other sucking pests (i.e. sunn pest* and aphids) were removed by hand. Another plot was sprayed four times with fenitrothion. The populations of thrips were sampled one week before and after spraying. Crop yield (weight of 1000 seeds) was assessed to find out the amount of thrips damage. Average number of thrips was 30.5 nymphs per head, and average yield loss was 0.85% for 10 nymphs per head in Freidan. The results showed that sprayings could be useful for thrips control, provided that the sprayings were conducted correctly. However, to obtain the best control, attention should be paid to temporal and spacial conditions in an IPM program. Laboratory experiments did not show any qualitative changes in damaged seeds. *sunn pest: Eurygaster integriceps Putin (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae). The sunn pest are a group of insects representing several genera of shield bugs (Scutelleridae) and stink bugs (Pentatomidae), with the species Eurygaster integriceps being the most economically important. The sunn pest is a major pest of wheat and barley in central and western Asia. (Bandani, Alizadeh, & Talebi 2005, Commun. Agric. Appl. Biol. Sci., 70 (4): 775–777). [See also: Kamangar & Rajabi 2000].

BAGHERI, S. — Bagheri, S. 2000. Bagheri, S. & J. Alavi 2006a, b, 2007. Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & K. Behnamfar 2005. Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & G. Kajbaf-vala 2002. Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & R. Mohammadi 2005. Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & S. Yousef Naanaie 2005. Bagheri, S. & I. Heidarzadae 2004. Bagheri, S. & M. S. Mosadegh 2000. Bagheri, S., M. S. Mosadegh, & K. Kamali 2002a, b.

28 Bagheri, S. 2000. Comparison of three Onion cultivars in respect of infestation with Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in the North of Khuzestan–Dezful. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 72 (in Abstracts in English), p. 72 (in Abstracts in Persian). Management of thrips with pesticides is problematic. From 1961 cultivation of the onion cultivar Texas Early Grano was developed in northern Khuzestan because of suitable yield and tolerance to thrips. Three onion cultivars, Texas Early Grano, Mercedes, and Primavera, were tested in Dezful in 1999 for infestation by Thrips tabaci Lind. For separating adults and larvae in crevices within leaf sheaths, simple heated funnels placed in an incubator at 46°C for 24 h were used. Samples consisted of three onion plants cut to ground level, and then put in funnels. The results revealed that the highest levels of infestation, average 74.5±64.47 thrips per plant, were found in Primavera (p≤0.01). Texas Early Grano and Mercedes, with average 28.11±11.97 and


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25.49±13.27 thrips per plant respectively, have the lowest levels of infestation (p≤0.01). Hence, Mercedes is recommended for cultivation in this region.

29 Bagheri, S. & J. Alavi 2006a. New records of 20 species Thysanoptera on forest and rangeland plants for Iran and Khuzestan province. Proceedings of the 17th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 2–5 Sept. 2006, University of Tehran, Karaj, Vol. I, Pests, p. 78. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). A faunistic study was carried out in 2001–2004 to collect and identify thrips on forest and rangeland plants in Khuzestan province. 20 species and 11 genera of thrips belonging to the families Thripidae and Phlaeothripidae were collected and identified. Among collected specimens, 12 species are considered to be new records for Khuzestan and 8 species as new for Iran fauna. Thrips species were confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen, Germany, and partly by J. S. Bhatti, India. 1- Thripidae [the serial numbers of the species below are as given in the Abstract] 1. Dendrothrips karnyi Priesner. New for Iran. 2. Eremiothnps near antilope (Priesner). New for Iran. 3. Eremiothrips tamaricis (zur Strassen). New for Khuzestan. 4. Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). New for Khuzestan. 5. Mycterothrips tschirkunae (Jakhontov) (as “tschirhunae Jakhontov”). New for Khuzestan. 6. Oxythrips retamae (Priesner). New for Iran. 7. Oxythrips halidayi Bagnall. New for Iran. 8. Sitothrips arabicus Priesner. New for Khuzestan. 9. Tenothrips frici (Uzel). New for Khuzestan. 10. Thrips major Uzel (as “T. major Uzel”). New for Khuzestan. 11. Thrips nigropilosus Uzel. New for Khuzestan. 12. Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall). II- Phlaeothripidae 13. Haplothrips caespitis Priesner. New for Iran. 14. Haplothrips flavitibia Williams. New for Khuzestan. 15. Haplothrips ganglbaueri Schmutz (as “ganglbauri”). New for Khuzestan. 16. Haplothrips longipes Bagnall. New for Iran. 17. Haplothrips maroccanus Priesner. New for Iran. 18. Haplothrips rabinovitchi Priesner. New for Iran. 19. Liothrips pragensis Uzel (as “Paragensis ”). New for Khuzestan. 20. Neoheegeria dalmatica Schmutz (as “dolmatica”). New for Khuzestan.

30 Bagheri, Saeid & Jalil Alavi 2006b. Report of Rhipidothrips unicolor zur Strassen (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) [sic!] from Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 4 (1): 39–40. (p. 39 in Persian, p. 40 in English). [Short Article]. In the course of study of Thysanoptera fauna of forest and rangelands in Khuzestan province, “a specimen” collected on Teucrium oliverianum Gingins and Stipa capensis Thunb. on March 2002 in the Shahion area of Dezful (500m altitude) was identified and confirmed as Rhipidothrips unicolor by Dr. R. zur Strassen. Earlier, 4 species in this genus have been reported from Iran and this is a new record for the fauna of Iran. Rhipidothrips unicolor zur Strassen [Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae] can be distinguished by antennal segment II dark brown, setae on posterior margin of pronotum short, at the most up to 25 µm long, often only 2 pairs of these setae are present, lower vein of fore wing with mostly 11–20 setae, or the insects are brachypterous. Apices of middle and hind tibiae are dark, tarsi likewise dark. Internal body pigment is yellow to orange colored. Fore wing brownish-gray, setae on veins grayish brown.

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Setae on abdominal tergum IX brownish yellow, sometimes even pale yellow. Antennal segment III 46–57 µm long, 1.2 to 1.4 times as long as segment IV which is 39–46 µm long.

31 Bagheri, S. & J. Alavi 2007. Report of Dendrothrips karnyi (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) [sic!] from Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 5 (1): 103–104. (p. 103 in Persian, p. 104 in English). [Short Article]. During the studies carried out to identify Thysanoptera fauna of forests and rangelands of Khouzestan, an unknown species was collected on Vitex pseudonegundo in March 2002 in Fadak Botanic Garden of Dezful. It was identified and confirmed by Dr. zur Strassen as Dendrothrips karnyi Priesner (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Four species of this genus have been reported previously from Iran and the recent species is a new record for the fauna of Iran. The specific characteristics of Dendrothrips karnyi are as follows: It is a small insect with white to yellowish white body without dark spots. Body length of females is 900–1050 µm, the male insects are not known. Forewing uniformly white, wing setae on upper and lower veins are colored similar to the wing surface. Sides of abdominal terga are with large polygonal reticulations. Antenna 8-segmented, antennal segments I to V unicolorous white, occasionally segment II pale gray, then segment V also whitish gray, segments VI–VIII brown to dark brown. This species is also known from Vitex agnus-castus.

32 Bagheri, S.; J. Alavi; & K. Behnamfar 2005. Collection and identification of 16 species to Thysanoptera, family Thripidae on some medicinal plants in Khuzestan province and introduction of 1 new species for Iran. Abstracts Book of the 2nd Symposium of Medicinal Plants, 26–27 Jan. 2005, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahed, Tehran, p. 52 (In Abstracts in English), p. 65 (In Abstracts in Persian). During preliminary study, starting from 2001, on the Thysanoptera fauna of medicinal plants in Khuzestan province, 24 species of plants belonging to 17 families were surveyed. 16 species of Thysanoptera belonging to 10 genera in the family Thripidae were collected and identified. One species is new record for Iran, and 3 species are new records for Khuzestan province. Scientific names were confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen from Germany. The species are listed with host plants as follows: Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom: on Cynodon dactylon. Caliothrips graminicola (Bagn. & Cam.): on Albizia lebbeck. Chirothrips manicatus Haliday, on Narcissus tazetta, Cynodon dactylon. Chirothrips meridionalis Bagnall (as Ch. “meredionalis”): on Narcissus tazetta, Solanum nigrum, Ziziphus spina-christi, Morus alba, Phragmites australis, Cymbopogon olivieri. Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov): on Nerium oleander, Ammi majus. Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti): on Myrtus communis. Frankliniella occidentalis (Perg.): on Quercus brantii var. persica, Nepeta koeieana. New for Khuzestan province. Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom): on Nerium indicum, Calotropis procera, Convolvulus arvensis, Quercus brantii. Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford): on Ammi majus. Oxythrips retamae (Priesner) (as Oxythrips “nelamae”): on Tamarix aphylla. Reported as new record for Iran. Retithrips syriacus (Mayet): on Convolvulus arvensis, Phragmites australis. Scirtothrips mangiferae Priesner: on Myrtus communis. Thrips meridionalis (Priesner) (as Thrips “meredionalis”): on Echinops cephalotes, Teucrium polium. Thrips nigropilosus Uzel: on Cnicus benedictus. New for Khuzestan province.


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Thrips tabaci Lindeman: on Nerium oleander, Heliotropium noeanum, Cassia fistula, Cnicus benedictus, Xanthium strumarium, Lepidium sativum, Quercus brantii, Foeniculum vulgare. Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall): on Nerium indicum. New for Khuzestan province.

33 Bagheri, S.; J. Alavi; & G. Kajbaf-vala 2002. [A preliminary report of 10 Thysanoptera species in forest and rangeland plants of Khuzestan province]. Proceedings of the 2nd National Plant Protection Conference on Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 27–28 Feb. 2002, pp. 15–16. (Abstract). (In Persian). 10 species of Thysanoptera are reported on forest and rangeland plants of Khuzestan province. Aeolothripidae, 2 species, p. 16: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner, on Zizyphus spina-christi. Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer), on Lepidium aucheri. Thripidae, 6 species, p. 15: Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov), on Ammi majus (as “Amni” majus). Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti) (as E. “vartus”), on Myrtus communis. Frankiniella pallida (Uzel), on Nerium oleander and Vitex psuedonegundo (as Vitex “psewlo-negundo”). Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford), on Ammi majus and Zinnia elegans. Scirtothrips mangiferae Priesner, on Myrtus communis. Thrips tabaci Lindeman, on Lepidium aucheri and Ammi majus. Phlaeothripidae, 2 species, p. 16: Dolicholepta micrura (Bagnall), on Zizyphus spina-christi. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny) (as H. “reuleri”), on Nerium oleander, Zoegea leptaurea, Nepeta sp., Cousinia sp. (as “Coasinia sp.”), Ammi majus, Carthamus lanatus (as “Cartamus leptautea” *). [Identifications by Alavi and Bagheri. — JA]. [* The species is Carthamus lanatus, e-mail from S. Bagheri — JA].

34 Bagheri, S.; J. Alavi; & Rajabali Mohammadi 2005. Collection and identification of 8 species predator Thysanoptera on some medicinal plants in Khuzestan province and introduction of 2 new species for Iran. Abstracts Book of the 2nd Symposium of Medicinal Plants, 26–27 Jan. 2005, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahed, Tehran, p. 51 (In Abstracts in English), p. 64 (In Abstracts in Persian). Since 2001 a faunistic study was started to collect and identify predatory thrips on medicinal plants in Khuzestan province. In this study 8 species belonging to 3 families and 6 genera of thrips were collected and identified. Scientific names were confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen. Two species are considered new records for Iran: Rhipidothrips unicolor, Liothrips pragensis. Terebrantia -Aeolothripidae, 5 species: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner, on Echinops cephalotes. Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, on Pennisetum divisum. Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall, on Teucrium polium (as “polieum”). Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer), on Lepidium sativum. Rhipidothrips unicolor zur Strassen, on Teucrium oliverianum. Thripidae, 1 species: Scolothrips longicornis Priesner, on Albizia lebbeck. Tubulifera -Phlaeothripidae, 2 species: Dolicholepta micrura (Bagnall), on Ziziphus nummularia, Ziziphus spina-christi, Cassia fistula. Liothrips pragensis Uzel, on Quercus brantii var. persica.

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35 Bagheri, S.; J. Alavi; & S. Yousef Naanaie 2005. [Study of Thysanoptera species associated with forest and range plants with report of 2 new species in Khuzestan province]. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 2 (2): 171–190 (In Persian), 221 (Abstract in English). Faunistic survey of thrips in Khuzestan province since 2001 on forest and rangeland plants has resulted in the finding of 10 species belonging to 3 families and 9 genera of Thysanoptera. Species were confirmed with Alavi’s collection, which latter was further confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen. The text under each species (pp. 174–182) gives literature review, brief characterization, and collecting sites. Tables 1–8 on pp. 182–186 give the locality, altitude, Persian name and scientific name of host plants, dates of collection, and population level for eight species. The thrips were collected from 35 species of plants belonging to 20 families at the following localities: Ahwaz, Behbahan (Tang-e-maghar; road to Behbahan), Bagh-e-malek (Mal-agha), Dezful (Bagh-efadak; way to Kuh-e-salon; forked road of Mian-kuh; Shahyun, by the side of Dez dam; Sheykhun–livas), Izeh (Kuh-e-sefid), Karkheh (Istgah-e-Shenzar), Masjed-soleiman (road to Abbaspur dam; Andika; Ghasem-abad), Ramhormoz, Shushtar (road to Karun Agro Industries Company). Phlaeothripidae, 2 species: Dolicholepta micrura (Bagnall), pp. 174, 182 (table 1), fig. 1 (on p. 187, photo of head and part of thorax), 221. Ziziphus spina-christi, low to medium population. Road to Behbahan, Tang-emaghar, 8-V-2001. Bagh-e-fadak, 24-XII-2001. Andika, 28-V-2002. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny), pp. 175, 183 (table 2, lists 17 host plants), figs. 2–3 (on p. 187, photo of whole insect, drawing of apical part of fore wing), 221; population variable, generally low, rarely medium or large. Achillea tenuifolia, Kuh-e-sefid, 18-VI-2002; Ammi majus, Ahwaz, Ramhormoz, 25, 26-VI-2001; Astragalus adscendens, Kuh-e-sefid, 18-VI-2002; Hordeum bulbosum (as “Bordeum bulbosum”), Kuh-e-sefid, 18-VI-2002; Carthamus lanatus (as “Cartamus lantana”), Mal-agha, 26-VI-2001, large population; Centaurea bruguierana, road to Abbaspur dam, 19-V-2001; Cousinia sp., Kuh-e-sefid, medium population, 27-VI-2001; Echinops dichorus, Tang-e-maghar, 8-V-2001, large population; Echium khuzistanicum, Kuhe-sefid, 18-VI-2002; Limonium meyeri, Bagh-e-fadak, 2-X-2001, large population; Nepeta sp., forked road of Mian-kuh, 29-VI-2001; Nerium oleander, way to Kuh-e-salon, Sheykhun–livas, 29-V, 24-VI-2001; Olea europaea, Ghasem-abad, 6-XI-2001; Pennisetum divisum, Istgah-eShenzar, 24-IV-2002; Silene conoidea, by the side of Dez dam, 30-III-2002; Verbascum pseudo-digitalis, by the side of Dez dam, Kuh-e-sefid, 30-III, 18-VI-2002; Zoegea leptaurea, forked road of Mian-kuh, 29-V-2001. Aeolothripidae, 2 species: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner, pp. 176, 184 (table 3, lists 3 host plants), figs. 4–5 (on p. 187, photo of head with antennae, fore wing), 221. Alcea aucheri, Andika, 28-V-2002, low population; Echinops dichorus, 8-V-2001, large population; Ziziphus spina-christi, 8-V-2001, low population. Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer), pp. 177, 184 (table 4, lists 4 host plants), fig. 6 (on p. 187, drawing of part of anterior margin of fore wing), 221; low population, except at Ahwaz. Gladiolus segetum, by the side of Dez dam, 30-III-2002; Lepidium aucheri, Ahwaz, 9-II-2001, large population; Ranunculus asiaticus, by the side of Dez dam, 30-III-2002; Salvia compressa, Andika, 6-III2001. Thripidae, 6 species: Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov), pp. 178, 185 (table 5, lists 3 host plants), fig. 7 (on p. 187, photo of anterior part of head with antennae), 221. Ammi majus, Ramhormoz, 26-VI2001, low population; Nerium oleander, Andika, 29-V-2001, large population; Olea europaea, Ghasem-abad, 6-XI-2001, low population. Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti), p. 179, fig. 8 (on p. 187, drawing of abdominal tergum IX of male), 221. Myrtus communis, Mal-agha, low population.


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Frankliniella pallida (Uzel), pp. 179–180, 185 (table 6), figs. 9–10 (on p. 188, photo of head, thorax), 221. Vitex pseudonegundo, Sheykhun–livas, 24-VI-2001, low population; Tang-e-maghar, 8–V– 2001, large population. Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford), pp. 180–181, fig. 12 (on p. 188, photo of an intermediate abdominal tergum), 221. Ammi majus, Zinnia elegans, Ramhormoz, 25-VI-2001, medium population. Scirtothrips mangiferae Priesner, pp. 181, 185 (table 7, lists 4 host plants), fig. 11 (on p. 188, photo of whole insect), 221; Myrtus communis, Mal-agha, 26-VI-2001, low population; Parkinsonia aculeata (as “aculeate”), Bagh-e-fadak, 28-XI-2001, medium population; Prosopis farcta (as “farcata”), road to Karun Agro Industries Company, 27-XI-2001, medium population; Rumex ephedroides, Bagh-e-fadak, 2-X-2001, large population. Thrips tabaci Lindeman, pp. 182, 186 (table 8, lists 11 host plants), 221; low population, except in two collections. Ammi majus, Ramhormoz, 26-VI-2001; Cnicus benedictus, Bagh-e-fadak, 24-XII-2001; Diplotaxis harra, Shushtar, 27-XI-2001; Foeniculum vulgare, Bagh-e-fadak, 24-XII-2001; Heliotropium noeanum, Andika, 6-XI-2001; Lepidium aucheri, Ahwaz, 9-I-2001, large population; Nerium oleander, Andika, 6-XI-2001, large population; Olea europaea, Ghasem-abad, 6-XI-2001; Quercus brantii var. persica, Andika, 6-XI-2001; Ranunculus asiaticus, by the side of Dez dam, 30-III-2002; Xanthium strumarium, Shushtar, 27-XI-2001. 2 species are new records for Khuzestan province: Eremiothrips varius, Frankliniella pallida.

36 Bagheri, S. & I. Heidarzadae 2004. Determination of suitable stage for controlling Thrips tabaci Lind. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on onions in Khuzestan. Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Vol. I, Pests, p. 424. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). In order to determine the suitable stage for controlling onion thrips Thrips tabaci Lindeman, a trial was carried out in onion fields of Shushtar region of Khuzestan province in 2001–2002. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 treatments: 1- Check (without using insecticide). 2- Using insecticide (Endosulfan or Decis) for full season (from 3 leaf/plant). [as “Desis”]. 3- Using insecticide from bulbing stage. 4- Using insecticide from sizing stage. Thrips populations were monitored during growing season weekly in all plots by sampling from plants by direct counting. Onion bulb yield measurements were taken by harvesting 10 row-m of bulbs [median rows of bulbs comprising a length of 10 meters !!] per plot and bulbs were counted, weighed, and graded. The average thrips population during 19 weeks of sampling in plots of treatments 1, 4, 3, and 2 was respectively 6.34, 3.66, 1.67, and 1.64 thrips per leaf. Peak of population occurred in check treatment on 16th week (24.6±6.4 thrips/leaf). There was significant difference among treatments. Mean of weight per bulb in treatments 1, 3, 4, and 2 was respectively 103, 95, 72, and 71 g. Percentage of large bulbs (with 5–8 cm diameter) averaged 60%, 51%, 43%, and 36% respectively in treatments 1, 3, 4, and 2. Based on the results obtained, suitable stage for thrips control was bulbing stage that was synchronous with increasing populations in March.

37 Bagheri, S. & M. S. Mosadegh 2000. Natural enemies of Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of onion fields in Khozestan. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 250 (in Abstracts in English), p. 250 (in Abstracts in Persian). Chemical control of Thrips tabaci Lindeman and its frequency has the problem of insecticide residues on onion. So, a study of the natural enemies of the pest and their use in biological control is essential, and may reduce the pest population. From October 1998, natural enemies of T. tabaci were studied in onion fields of Khuzestan province.

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Orius albidipennis Reuter (Anthocoridae) is probably the most important natural enemy of T. tabaci in the region, which was found before, during, and after onion cultivation in the fields. It was also found on cucumber, water-melon, garlic, broad bean, corn, and rose plants. Sphaerophoria bengalensis Macquart (Syrphidae) was also found active from end of February to early May. Coccinella septempunctata L., C. undecimpunctata L. (Coccinellidae), and Chrysopa carnea Stephens (Chrysopidae) were also found active from end of February until onion harvest in the region. Aeolothrips collaris Priesner (Aeolothripidae) was collected especially during March and April in Ramhormoz and Dasht Abas. In 1998 the presence of the above predators in onion fields reduced T. tabaci population from 3.7 to 2.2 thrips per leaf in March, but the population increased up to 5.7 per leaf in May. [The two species of Thysanoptera were determined by J. Alavi (telephonic communication from S. Bagheri, 1 Dec 2007). — JA].

38 Bagheri, S.; M. S. Mosadegh; & K. Kamali 2002a. A survey on the biology of Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on onions in the north of Khuzestan Province, Iran. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, p. 68 (in Abstracts in English), pp. 116–117 (in Abstracts in Persian). Thrips tabaci is the most important insect pest of onion in Khuzestan province in southwest Iran. In order to determine the biology of the pest, field trials and laboratory experiments were carried out at Safi-Abad region of Dezful, from 20th Sept. 1998 to 10th May 2000 in two farms. Duration of the developmental stages on onion plants at 25±2 °C and 50±3 % RH was: egg 5.15±0.23 days, first stage larva 1.86±0.35, second larva 3.05±0.32, prepupa 1.12±0.21, pupa 2.4±0.49, adult female 17.27±2.33 days. In early and late cultivated fields, T. tabaci produced respectively 7-9 and 4-6 generations on onions depending on conditions. Preoviposition period was 2 to 3 days, and the fecundity of females was 28–46 eggs with an average of 36.8±5.51 eggs. Eggs were laid into the tender tissue of leaves, the prepupa and pupa stages were passed in the soil. Both adults and larvae usually feed on leaves or sheath of the plants throughout autumn, winter, and spring. Onion thrips oversummer as adult females in the litter and wet soil at the shadow of trees under weeds. First occurrence of onion thrips in the nature on weeds and other hosts such as garlic and bean was observed in early September. In Khuzestan province the thrips attacks onion, garlic, leek, cucumber, watermelon, melon, broad bean, bean, cotton, and weeds. The total seasonal sex ratio during 1998–99 and 1999–2000 was respectively 1:7 (male:female) and 1:4. The peak male population occurred in late March.

39 Bagheri, S.; M. S. Mosadegh; & K. Kamali 2002b. A survey on the fluctuations of population of Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on onions in North Khuzestan, Iran. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, p. 69 (in Abstracts in English), p. 118 (in Abstracts in Persian). In order to study the fluctuations of population of Thrips tabaci Lind. and effects of abiotic and biotic factors on it, field trials were conducted at Safi-Abad region of Dezful, by weekly sampling for 2 years, from 20th September 1998 to 10th May 2000 in two farms. The first appearance of pest in farms was simultaneous with appearance of three leaves. During cultivation period, total population (sum of adult and larvae) involved many fluctuations. The peak of populations was observed during 1998–9 and 1999–2000 with 5.7 thrips/leaf and 15.8 thrips/leaf, respectively. Population dynamics was mainly influenced by abiotic factors. Rain, seasonal winds, average temperature, average relative humidity, irrigation were the most important factors in population dynamics, respectively. Biotic factors have slight effects on population fluctuation.


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The minute pirate bug Orius albidipennis (Reuter) was the important predator among 6 natural enemies collected. No parasitoid was found on onion thrips in this study. BANIAMERI, V. — Baniameri, V., E. Soleyman-nejadian, & J. Mohaghegh 2006. Ghotbi, T. & V. Baniameri 2006. Salehi, F., J. Hadji-zadeh, V. Baniameri, A. Sahragard, & L. Salehi 2006.

40 Baniameri, Valliollah; Ebranhim Soleyman-nejadian; & Jafar Mohaghegh 2006. The predatory bug Orius niger: its biology and potential for controlling Thrips tabaci in Iran. IOBC/wprs Bulletin, Vol. 29 (4): 207–210. The basic life-history parameters of Orius niger were measured on a diet of corn pollen and eggs of the moth Ephestia kuehniella at 3 constant temperatures (26, 29, and 32°C under l6L – 8D, 65±5 % RH) to provide information for the application of this predator in biocontrol programs. Bean pods were supplied as oviposition substrates. Results showed that the mean development times from egg to adult were 16.71, 13.16, and 13.42 days, sex ratios were 0.59, 0.56, and 0.52 females, respectively at the three temperatures. The observed rates of sterile females were 20, 25, and 5% and the longevity of adult females was 38, 25, and 24 days, respectively. This species preys upon thrips and is commonly found attacking T. tabaci throughout Iran. It was concluded that 0. niger is an ideal predator to use as a biological agent in greenhouse crops which have enough pollen, or when they are mixed with banker plants. [This study for Ph.D. was carried out in Iran and Netherlands using respectively Iranian and Dutch pure populations of laboratory reared Thrips tabaci. It is not known as to who identified the species. (e-mail of 31 Oct 2007 from Baniameri, and telephonic communication on 1 Dec) — JA] [International Organisation for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC) / West Palaearctic Regional Section (wprs). IOBC/wprs Bulletin, Vol. 29 (4), 2006. Working Group “Integrated Control in Protected Crops, Mediterranean Climate”, Proceedings of the meeting at Murcia (Spain), 14–18 May 2006. Edited by Cristina Castañé & Juan Antonio Sánchez. xii+ 367 pp.].

BANIHASHEMIAN, S. M. — Mohammad Alian, Y., M. Golmohammadi, S. M. Banihashemian, E. Gholamian, & H. Taheri 2001. BARIMANI VARANDI, H. — Cheraghian, A. & H. Barimani Varandi 2000. BARKHORDARI, M. — Barkhordari, M., Kh. Samet, & A. Farzaneh 1981.

41 Barkhordari, M.; Kh. Samet; & A. Farzaneh 1981. Etude préliminaire sur la faune des Tamarix. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 6 (1–2): 3–8. (p. 3 in French; list of species on pp. 4–8, with names of localities in Persian). [Preliminary study on the fauna of Tamarix]. The species of insects and Acarina fauna of Tamarix in Iran are listed in the table on pp. 4–8. Liothrips reuteri (Bagnall) is listed on p. 8, from Jiroft (Kerman province). [This is the first report of Liothrips reuteri from Kerman province]. BASSIRI, G. — Bassiri, G., M. Sarvi, & A. M. Sarafrazi 1994.

42 Bassiri, Gh.; M. Sarvi; & A. M. Sarafrazi 1994. The first report on the occurrence of Anaphothrips Uzel (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Iran. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 61 (1–2): 36 (In English), 134–135 (In Persian). [Short Report]. During June 1994, high population of a thrips was observed on leaves of corn in Shiraz and Marvdasht. The plants contaminated during the first growth stages had died. The same insects were also found on corn leaves brought to Plant Protection Office in Shiraz by farmers. The specimens were sent to the Senckenberg Natural History Museum, Germany, and were identified as Anaphothrips Uzel. A literature search revealed that the genus is new to Iranian insect fauna. Studies on species identification and on its biology are [being] carried out.

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BAYAT ASADI, H. — Bayat Asadi, H. & M. Arabsalmani 2005.

(4) Bayat Asadi, H. & M. Arabsalmani 2005. [Cotton Pests, Diseases and Weeds in Iran and their Integrated Management]. 9 unnumbered pages + 240 pp. Agricultural Research and Education Organization, Educational Technology Services Bureau, Agricultural Education Press, Karaj. (In Persian). pp. 18–22: “Thrips tabaci (T. flavus)” (Thysanoptera, Thripidae), cotton thrips or onion thrips. Characters, biology, damage, hosts, control; importance of the pest is more in arid areas than other areas. Other hosts are tobacco, onion, wheat, barley, fenugreek, broad bean, cabbage, and mallow, p. 19; figures of larvae, adult, and damage on cotton leaves, p. 20. BEHDAD, E. — Behdad, E. 1982, 1984 (Reprinted 1991), 1988, 1989 (2nd edition of 1982) (Reprinted 1997), 1996, 2002.

(5) Behdad, Ebrahim 1982. [Pests of Field Crops in Iran]. 8 pages numbered in Abjad numerals (Arabic alphabet) + 1–589 pp. 1st edition. Neshat Publishing, Esfahan. (In Persian). [see also (5a) Behdad, E. 1989]. Thysanoptera, pp. 56–61, 340–341, 405–408, 555–556. Eleven species are listed from various field crops. pp. 56–60: Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov), wheat thrips, observed in Tehran, Semnan, Esfahan, Chaharmohal-Bakhtiary, Kerman, Rafsanjan, Sirjan, Yazd, Azarbaijan, Ahwaz, and Kermanshah; information on structure, biology, damage and control, distribution. Figure of adult female and the red larva on p. 57; figure of damaged and healthy ear of wheat on p. 59. pp. 60–61: Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom), attacks wheat, barley, flax, potato, lettuce, alfalfa, and clover; observed in every part of Iran; figure of adult female on p. 61. pp. 340–341: Thrips flavus Schrank, the “cotton yellow thrips” found on cotton fields in Tehran, Garmsar, Varamin, and Khorasan, and probably in other parts; reported by Afshar (1938) on ornamental trees, and by Davatchi & Taghizadeh (1955) on cotton in Karaj. pp. 405–408: Thrips tabaci Lindeman, tobacco thrips, cosmopolitan. Host plants are listed: tobacco, cotton, cabbage, flax, sugar beet, cannabis, potato, eggplant, onion, cucumber, melon. pp. 555–556: The following species of Thysanoptera, included in the table (List of insects on field crops in Iran, pp. 550–562), are all given under one family, Aeolothripidae!! However, except Aeolothrips, all others are members of family Thripidae. Aeolothrips sp. on sugar beet, Ascirtothrips arya zur Strassen (as “Ascirthothrips”), A. taghizadehi zur Strassen, Caliothrips impurus on lentil, Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) (as “Franklinella”) on cotton. p. 556: Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché) on tobacco, Phloeothrips oryzae Matsumura on rice.

(6) Behdad, E. 1984. [Pests of Fruit Crops in Iran ]. 12 pages numbered in abjad numerals (Arabic alphabet) + 822 pp. 1st edition. Bahman Publishing Center (Printed by Neshat), Esfahan. (In Persian). (Reprinted 1991). Thysanoptera, pp. 574, 778. Four species of thrips are listed as pests. p. 574. Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov, pistachio thrips, brief description of characters (cited from Taghizadeh & Safavi 1960); Thrips iranicus Yakhontov, Iran thrips, brief description of characters. The two species were collected for the first time from male flowers of pistachio in Ghazvin. They attack male flowers; in case of severe attack the buds of male flowers do not open, and pollination does not take place. High populations of nymphs and adults are observed in early spring. In addition to Ghazvin, these species have been observed in Kerman, Khorasan, and Esfahan provinces. The biology of the species is not known. Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg is another thrips collected on leaves and fruits of pistachio from Khorasan (cited from Taghizadeh & Safavi, 1960). p. 778. Some pests of citrus trees are listed, including Taeniothrips frici (cited from Farahbakhsh 1961).


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(7) Behdad, Ebrahim 1988. [Pests and Diseases of Forest Trees and Shrubs and Ornamental Plants of Iran]. iv+807 pp. Sepehr Publishing, Tehran (In Persian). Thysanoptera, pp. 247, 457–458. Five species of thrips are listed as pests. p. 247: Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg, pistachio thrips, distributed in Kerman province, attacks leaves and fruits of pistachio trees, of medium importance (family Phlaeothripidae); (reference cited: Abai 1984). Liothrips reuteri (Bagnall), distributed in Kerman province, severely attacking pistacio leaves (family “Thripidae”); (reference cited: Abai 1984). [Abai, however, listed the species as a pest of Tamarix spp. Moreover, L. reuteri is known to be associated only with Tamarix.]. p. 457: Thrips iranicus Yakhontov, T. pistaciae Yakhontov (ref.: Behdad 1984). p. 458: Thrips tabaci Lindeman, tobacco thrips, pest of crops; reported from wild pear trees in central and southern provinces (ref.: Abai 1984).

(5a) Behdad, Ebrahim 1989. [Pests of Field Crops in Iran]. 8 pages numbered in Abjad numerals (Arabic alphabet) + 1–616 pp. 2nd edition. Neshat Publishing, Esfahan. (In Persian). (Reprinted 1997). (8) Behdad, Ebrahim 1996. [Iran Phytomedicine Encyclopedia. Plant Pests and Diseases, Weeds]. Vol. I–IV. pp. 1–3153 + 1–148 (alphabetic index of scientific names). Yadbood Publishing, Esfahan. (In Persian). [Vol. I (A–D, pp. 1–920), II (E–O, pp. 921–1870), III (P–S, pp. 1871– 2745), IV (T–Z, pp. 2746–3034). 34 species of Thysanoptera are listed in three families. Family Aeolothripidae. Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer), p. 1627. It was collected by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Gorgan (cited from Modarres Awal 1994). Melanthrips pallidior Priesner, p. 1627. It was collected by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Gorgan (cited from Modarres Awal 1994). Family Thripidae. Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom (as “sudanensis Trylom”), p. 147. Sudanese sugarcane thrips may be a suitable name for it. Probably in 1989, it was collected on sugarcane from Haft-tappeh area in Khuzestan province. The species was identified for Plant Pests & Disease Research Institute of Iran by Senckenberg Natural History Museum (Frankfurt, Germany). Caliothrips graminicola (Bagnall & Cameron), pp. 442–443. Sugarcane thrips may be a suitable name for it. It was collected on sugarcane from Haft-tappeh area in Khuzestan province, in 1989. The species was identified for Plant Pests & Disease Research Institute of Iran by Senckenberg Natural History Museum (Frankfurt, Germany). It is the first report of C. graminicola from Iran, although this is not stated. Caliothrips impurus (Priesner), family “Aeolothripidae”, p. 443. Reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) on lentil from Tehran and Zanjan. Ceratothrips discolor (Karny) (as “discoler Kar.”), p. 553. Reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) (cited from Modarres Awal 1994). Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel, (as” Drepanothripa” ) p. 903. Vine thrips. It was reported on grape from the vicinity of Ghazvin; brief information on characters, biology, and control is given (cited from Esmaili 1983). Frankliniella cephalica (D. L. Crawford) (as “cephalica Crow.”), p. 1139. It was reported by Esmaili (1983) on citruses of northern seashores. Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom), p. 1139. Attacks wheat, barley, flax, potato, lettuce, lucerne, and clover; distributed in most areas of Iran (cited from Farahbakhsh 1961).

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Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom), p. 1139. It has been reported on cotton from Khorasan, Azarbaijan, Khuzestan, Markazi provinces and also Gorgan area by Farahbakhsh (1961). Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché) (as “haemorrhoidali”), family “Aeolothripidae”, p. 1273. This species was reported by Farahbakhsh (1961) from Iran on tobacco. Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams), p. 1751. It was collected by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Gorgan (cited from Modarres Awal 1994). Odontothrips confusus Priesner, p. 1790. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Tehran (cited from Modarres Awal 1994). Scirtothrips citri (Moulton), p. 2524. Citrus thrips. Brief information on damage, biology, and control is given; damage symptoms are clearly observed on orange fruits from southern areas; the situation and economic importance of the pest in Iran needs to be clarified carefully (cited from Esmaili 1983). Scolothrips sexmaculatus (Pergande), p. 2533. This predatory thrips was collected and reported by Shisheh bor (1991) from castor bean. Taeniothrips atratus (Haliday), p. 2746. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Tehran (cited from Modarres Awal 1994); Taeniothrips frici (Uzel), p. 2746. It was reported by Farahbakhsh (1961) on citruses and tea in the north. Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel), p. 2746. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Tehran. Taeniothrips meridionalis Priesner, p. 2746. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977). Taeniothrips persimilis Priesner, p. 2746. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Zanjan. Thrips angusticeps Uzel, p. 2805. It was reported by Lodos (1984) from Iran (cited from Modarres Awal 1994). [Lodos, N. 1984. Entomology of Turkey, Vol III, 155 pp. Egean University Izmir. (In Turkish)]. Thrips flavus Schrank, p. 2805. “Cotton yellow thrips”. It was reported for the first time by Afshar (1938) on ornamental trees, and collected by Davatchi & Taghizadeh (1955) on cotton fields in Karaj. This species is distributed on cotton fields in Tehran, Garmsar, Varamin, and Khorasan, and probably in other parts; information on structure, biology, damage and control is given. Other cited reference(s)? Thrips iranicus Yakhontov, p. 2806. Iranian thrips. It was collected for the first time on male flowers of pistachio from Ghazwin; brief information on structure is given; attacks male flowers, in severe attack the buds of male flowers did not open, and there was no pollination; its biology has not been studied; high populations of nymphs and adults are observed in early spring. In addition to Ghazvin, the species has been observed in Kerman, Markazi, Zanjan, Khorasan, and Esfahan provinces (cited from Taghizadeh & Safavi 1960). Thrips major Uzel, p. 2806. It was collected by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Tehran. Thrips mareoticus (Priesner), p. 2806. It was reported from Markazi province by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977). Thrips physapus Linnaeus, p. 2806. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Tehran. Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov, p. 2806. Pistachio thrips. It was collected for the first time by Yakhontov from male flowers of pistachio and identified by him as a new species similar to Thrips minutissimus L.; brief information


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on structure is given (cited from Taghizadeh & Safavi 1960); distributed in Khorasan, Esfahan, Zanjan, and Tehran provinces. Thrips tabaci Lindeman, pp. 2806–2807. Tobacco yellow thrips or “onion physopoda”. It was reported for the first time by Afshar (1938). It is a cosmopolitan species with numerous hosts, such as tobacco, cotton, cabbage, cauliflower, flax, sugar beet, kenaf, potato, eggplant, onion, cucumber, melon (cited from Farahbakhsh 1961), and tomato, bean, pea, peanut, celery, turnip, and parsley [cited from Rivnay (1962, Field Crop Pests in the Near East, 450 pp. Den Haag); but this reference does not contain mention of any thrips — JA]; information on structure, biology, and damage is given; figure of adult on p. 2808. Family Phlaeothripidae (as “Phloeothripidae”). Haplothrips kermanensis zur Strassen (as “Haplothripa” kermanensis), p. 1256. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Gorgan (cited from Modarres Awal 1994). Haplothrips reuteri (Karny), p. 1258. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) from Zanjan (cited from Modarres Awal 1994). Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov), pp. 1258–1259. Wheat thrips. It has been observed in the vicinity of Tehran, Semnan, Esfahan, ChaharmohalBakhtiary, Kerman, Rafsanjan, Sirjan, Yazd, Azarbaijan, Ahwaz, and Kermanshah; information on structure, biology, damage and control, and distribution is given; figure of adult and larva. Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg, family “Thripitidae”, p. 1519. It was collected on leaves and fruits of pistachio especially from Khorasan and Kerman provinces; with medium economic importance (cited from Taghizadeh & Safavi 1960). Liothrips reuteri (Bagnall), family “Thripitidae”, p. 1519. With high populations on leaves of pistachio in Kerman province; with high economic importance (cited from Abai 1984). Phloeothrips oryzae Matsumura, p. 2019. It was reported by Mortazawiha & Dern (1977) on rice from Mazadaran province.

(9) Behdad, E. 2002. [Introductory Entomology and Important Plant Pests in Iran]. i–xii + 824 pp. Yadbood Publishing, Esfahan. (In Persian). Thysanoptera, pp. 144–146, 303, 336–338. Three species of thrips are mentioned. pp. 144–146: Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov), observed in Tehran (vicinity), Semnan, Esfahan, Chaharmohal-Bakhtiary, Kerman, Rafsanjan, Sirjan, Yazd, Azarbaijan, Ahwaz, and Kermanshah; characters, biology, damage and control, distribution; figure of adult on p. 145. p. 303: Thrips flavus Schrank, “cotton yellow thrips”, “reported for the first time by Afshar (1938) on ornamental trees, and collected by Davatchi & Taghizadeh (1955) on cotton fields in Karaj”. This pest is found on cotton fields in Tehran, Garmsar, Varamin, and Khorasan, and probably in other parts; characters, biology, damage and control. pp. 336–338: Thrips tabaci Lindeman, “tobacco yellow thrips” or “onion physopoda” was reported for the first time by Afshar (1938). It is a cosmopolitan species with numerous hosts such as tobacco, cotton, cabbage, cauliflower, flax, sugar beet, cannabis, potato, egg plant, onion, cucumber, melon (cf. Farahbakhsh 1961) and tomato, bean, pea, peanut, celery, turnip and parsley (cf. Rivnay, 1962); characters, biology, damage; figure of tobacco thrips on p. 338. BEHNAMFAR, K. — Bagheri, S., J. Alavi, & K. Behnamfar 2005. BEHRUZIN, M. — Rajabi, G. & M. Behruzin 2005. BENEDICTOS, P. — Hemmati, F. & P. Benedictos 2000. BHATTI, J. S. — Bhatti, J. S. & Z. Telmadarraiy 2003. Bhatti, J. S., Z. Telmadarraiy, V. Kumar, & K. Tyagi 2003. Bhatti, J. S.; R. zur Strassen; & Z. Telmadarraiy 2003.

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43 Bhatti, J. S. & Zakkieh Telmadarraiy 2003. Eremiothrips farsi, a new species of eremophilous thrips from Iran. Pp. 670–671. In: Proceedings of the National Symposium on Frontier Areas of Entomological Research, 5–7 November 2003, New Delhi. (edited by Subrahmanyam B. & V. V. Ramamurthy). [Published 5 Nov 2003]. Eremiothrips farsi is described as a new species from Iran, pp. 670–671, with 12 figs., based on 1 , 16 , taken in Mazandaran province: Telmadarreh village (90 km S of Sari), on Salvia sp. by Z. Telmadarraiy. However, this new species name, published in symposium proceedings, does not constitute a published name within the meaning of the Zoological Code (see Article 9 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4th edition, effective from 1 Jan. 2000). The name Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telmadarraiy thus dates from the next publication (Bhatti, Telmadarraiy, Kumar, & Tyagi 2003)

44 Bhatti, J. S.; Z. Telmadarraiy; Vikas Kumar; & Kaomud Tyagi 2003. Species of Eremiothrips in Iran (Terebrantia: Thripidae). Thrips No. 2: 49–110. New Delhi. This is a revision of the genus Eremiothrips in Iran. Eight species of Eremiothrips known from Iran are catalogued (pp. 51–53) and separated by means of an illustrated key (pp. 100–106). E. arya (zur Strassen 1975), Iran. E. dubius (Priesner 1933), Iran, Canary Islands, Morocco. E. efflatouni (Priesner 1965), Iran, Egypt, Canary Islands, Israel. E. farsi Bhatti & Telma 2003, Iran. E. shirabudinensis (Yakhontov 1929), Iran, Uzbekistan, Mongolia. E. taghizadehi (zur Strassen 1975), Iran. E. tamaricis (zur Strassen 1975), Iran, Morocco. E. varius (Bhatti 1967), Iran, India. The seven remaining species in Eremiothrips are also catalogued: E. acutus (Bhatti 1972), India. E. antilope (Priesner 1923), Egypt, Sudan, Morocco, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, India. E. brunneus (zur Strassen 1975), Morocco, Canary Islands. E. dorcas (zur Strassen 1975), Morocco, Algeria. E. imitator Priesner 1949, Egypt. E. manolachei (Knechtel 1955), Romania, France. E. similis Bhatti 1988, Iraq. The centre of speciation of Eremiothrips is suggested to be an area extending from southwestern Asia including Iran to the Mediterranean coastal areas, with 8 out of the 15 known species being found in Iran. A new species, Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telma, is described from Iran, pp. 58–66, with 86 figs. (figs. 1–25, 39–99, on pp. 69–99), based on 1 , 16 , taken in Mazandaran province: Telmadarreh village (90 km S of Sari), on Salvia sp. (collected by Zakkieh Telmadarraiy). It is characterized by having 2 pairs of anteocellar setae, clearly 9-segmented antennae with 3-segmented antennal style, a fairly long seta at each posterior angle of pronotum (18–25 µm in male, 24–32 µm in female), median pair of campaniform sensilla on T8 situated closer to the posterior margin of tergum than to the level of insertion of S1 setae, inner sense cone on antennal segment V much longer than outer sense cone, sense cone on antennal VII reaching to middle of VIII or to its apex, male lacking special processes on abdominal tergum IX and with an oval gland area on each of abdominal sterna IV to VII, phallus without chitinous spikes, and each paramere with a single stout tooth ventrally beyond its middle. Structural peculiarities and variation in species of Eremiothrips are discussed. Species in the genus have uniformly 6 pigmented facets on the venter of each eye. The mesoacrotergite in all species has 4 microsetae on each half. The metanotum lacks campaniform sensilla. The setae on fore wing are longitudinally ribbed and appear stellate in cross section. The wing coupling setae at the base of hind wing vary from 3 to 5, although the usual number is 4. The basal part of radius of fore wing


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has a dorsal campaniform sensillum beyond the 3rd proximal seta. Ventral campaniform sensillum has been identified along the anal vein beyond the 1st veinal seta. Sexual dimorphism unrelated to the genital segments is reported for the first time in Eremiothrips. E. farsi shows sexual dimorphism (pp. 66–68) in the arrangement of lateral marginal setae on abdominal tergum II, insertion of seta S6 on T8, form and size of the median pair of metanotal setae, lateral sculpture on T8 mesad of spiracle, and comb on T8. The difference in the position of seta S6 on tergum VIII in male and female seems to be a characteristic of members of this genus.

45 Bhatti, J. S.; Richard zur Strassen; & Zakkieh Telmadarraiy 2003. Thysanoptera of Iran. Pp. 668– 669. In: Proceedings of the National Symposium on Frontier Areas of Entomological Research, 5–7 November 2003, New Delhi (editors: Subrahmanyam B. & V.V. Ramamurthy). (Published 5 Nov 2003). Records of Iranian Thysanoptera in literature comprise scattered reports of species, which include descriptions of 14 new species. This is the first consolidated check–list of Iranian thrips. A total of 161 species until then reported from Iran are listed, of which 155 species are stated to be present in coll. RzS (in Senckenberg Museum und Forschungsinstitut) and 112 species in coll. JSB. Frankliniella occidentalis is noted as first record for Iran. The report of the Canary Islands species Aeolothrips insularis Priesner from Iran (Cheraghian & Barimani Varandi 2000) is not accepted. The report of Parthenothrips sp. in Iran (Dordaie et al. 2000) is considered to represent Parthenothrips dracaenae since this is the only species known in the genus and is distributed worldwide. The finding of Scirtothrips citri (Moulton) and Frankliniella cephalica (Crawford) (Esmaili 1983) in Iran needs to be substantiated, since these are North American species. 54 references pertaining to faunistics of Iran thrips are given. Two different generic combinations are used for the same species, included in Aeolothrips by RzS, or in Coleothrips and Podaeolella by JSB. One species, Frankliniella sulphurea Schmutz 1913 is considered a good species by JSB. Terebrantia. 119 species are listed in 45 / 46 genera. Aeolothrips afghanus Jenser 1984 (RzS) / Coleothrips afghanus (Jenser 1984) (JSB). Aeolothrips collaris Priesner 1919 (RzS) / Coleothrips collaris (Priesner 1919) (JSB). Aeolothrips deserticola Priesner 1929 (RzS) / Coleothrips deserticola (Priesner 1929) (JSB). Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758) (RzS) / Coleothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758) (JSB). Aeolothrips heinzi zur Strassen 1990 (RzS) / Coleothrips heinzi (zur Strassen 1990) (JSB). Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall 1934 (RzS) / Coleothrips intermedius (Bagnall 1934) (JSB). Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán 1985 (RzS) / Coleothrips mongolicus (Pelikán 1985) (JSB). Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall 1926 (RzS) / Coleothrips tenuicornis (Bagnall 1926) (JSB). Aeolothrips versicolor Uzel 1895 (RzS) / Podaeolella versicolor (Uzel 1895) (JSB). Agalmothrips parviceps (Priesner 1965). Agrostothrips atricorpus (Girault 1927). Agrostothrips meridionalis (Bagnall 1927). Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller 1776). Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom 1911. Aptinothrips elegans Priesner 1924. Aptinothrips rufus (Haliday 1836). Aptinothrips stylifer Trybom 1894. Bregmatothrips bournieri Pelikán 1988. Caliothrips graminicola (Bagnall & Cameron 1932).

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Caliothrips impurus (Priesner 1928). Chaetanaphothrips sp. Chirothrips aculeatus Bagnall 1927. Chirothrips africanus Priesner 1932. Chirothrips kurdistanus zur Strassen 1967. Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday 1836). Chirothrips molestus Priesner 1926. Collembolothrips mediterraneus Priesner 1935. Dendrothrips degeeri Uzel 1895. Dendrothrips phyllireae (Bagnall 1927). Dendrothrips saltatrix Uzel 1895. Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel 1895. Eremiothrips arya (zur Strassen 1975). Eremiothrips dubius (Priesner 1933). Eremiothrips efflatouni (Priesner 1965). Eremiothrips farsi Bhatti & Telma 2003. Eremiothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov 1929). Eremiothrips taghizadehi (zur Strassen 1975). Eremiothrips tamaricis (zur Strassen 1975). Eremiothrips varius (Bhatti 1967). Euphysothrips minozzii Bagnall 1926. Exothrips redox Bhatti 1975. Frankliniella cephalica (D. L. Crawford 1910). Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom 1895). Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande 1895). New for Iran fauna. Frankliniella pallida (Uzel 1895). Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom 1910). Frankliniella sulphurea Schmutz 1913 (considered a good species by JSB). Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel 1895). Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché 1833). Holarthrothrips josephi Bhatti 1986. Indothrips bhushani Bhatti 1967. Kakothrips priesneri Pelikán 1965. Kakothrips robustus (Uzel 1895). Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski 1894. Limothrips denticornis (Haliday 1836). Limothrips schmutzi Priesner 1919. Limothrips transcaucasicus Savenko 1944. Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer 1776). Melanthrips knechteli Priesner 1936. Melanthrips pallidior Priesner 1919. Melanthrips rivnayi Priesner 1936. Melanthrips separandus Priesner 1936. Microcephalothrips abdominalis (D. L. Crawford 1910). Mycterothrips consociatus (Targioni-Tozzetti 1887). Mycterothrips latus (Bagnall 1912).


Mycterothrips tschirkunae (Yakhontov 1961). Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams 1916). Neohydatothrips tadzhicus (Pelikán 1964). Odontothrips confusus Priesner 1926. Odontothrips phlomidinus Priesner 1954. Orothrips priesneri (Titschack 1958). Oxythrips ulmifoliorum (Haliday 1836). Oxythrips wiltshirei Priesner 1954. Parascolothrips priesneri Mound 1967. Parthenothrips dracaenae (Heeger 1854). Pezothrips bactrianus (Pelikán 1968). Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa 1908). Psilothrips bimaculatus (Priesner 1932). Retithrips syriacus (Mayet 1890). Rhipidothrips brunneus Williams 1913. Rhipidothrips flavus Tunç 1991. Rhipidothrips gratiosus Uzel 1895. Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Hood 1919. Rubiothrips vitis (Priesner 1933). Scirtothrips citri (Moulton 1909). Scirtothrips mangiferae Priesner 1932. Scolothrips latipennis Priesner 1950. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner 1926. Scolothrips rhagebianus Priesner 1950. Sitothrips arabicus Priesner 1931. Stenothrips graminum Uzel 1895. Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel 1895). Tamaricothrips tamaricis (Bagnall 1926). Tenothrips discolor (Karny 1907). Tenothrips frici (Uzel 1895). Tenothrips latoides (Pelikán 1968). Tenothrips reichardti (Priesner 1926). Thrips angusticeps Uzel 1895. Thrips atratus Haliday 1836. Thrips dubius Priesner 1927. Thrips euphorbiae Knechtel 1923. Thrips flavus Schrank 1776. Thrips fraudulentus (Priesner 1954). Thrips fuscipennis Haliday 1836. Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan 1913). Thrips iranicus Yakhontov 1951. Thrips major Uzel 1895. Thrips mareoticus (Priesner 1932). Thrips meridionalis (Priesner 1926). Thrips minutissimus Linnaeus 1758. Thrips nigropilosus Uzel 1895.

213

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Thrips physapus Linnaeus 1758. Thrips pillichi Priesner 1924. Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov 1951. Thrips tabaci Lindeman 1889. Thrips trehernei Priesner 1927. Thrips verbasci (Priesner 1920). Thrips vuilleti (Bagnall 1933). Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday 1836. Tubulifera. 42 species are listed in 15 genera. Ataliothrips reuteri (Bagnall 1913). Cephalothrips coxalis Bagnall 1926. Cephalothrips monilicornis (O. M. Reuter 1880). Compsothrips albosignatus (O. M. Reuter 1884). Dolicholepta micrura (Bagnall 1914). Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius 1803). Haplothrips andresi Priesner 1931. Haplothrips cerealis Priesner 1939. Haplothrips clarisetis Priesner 1931. Haplothrips distinguendus (Uzel 1895). Haplothrips eragrostidis Priesner 1931. Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny 1910). Haplothrips flavitibia Williams 1916. Haplothrips ganglbaueri Schmutz 1913. Haplothrips globiceps (Bagnall 1934). Haplothrips inoptatus Priesner 1954. Haplothrips iraniensis Priesner 1954. Haplothrips kermanensis zur Strassen 1975. Haplothrips kurdjumovi Karny 1913. Haplothrips minutus (Uzel 1895). Haplothrips niger (Osborn 1883). Haplothrips phyllophilus Priesner 1914. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny 1907). Haplothrips scythicus Knechtel 1961. Haplothrips subtilissimus (Haliday 1852). Haplothrips tamaricinus Priesner 1939. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov 1912). Haplothrips vuilleti Priesner 1920. Hoplandrothrips bidens (Bagnall 1910). Hoplandrothrips hungaricus Priesner 1961. Idiothrips ficus Bhatti 1967. Liophloeothrips hungaricus (Priesner 1924). Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg 1955. Liothrips pragensis Uzel 1895. Liothrips setinodis (O. M. Reuter 1880). Megathrips flavipes (O. M. Reuter 1901). Neoheegeria dalmatica Schmutz 1909.


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Neoheegeria persica Priesner 1954. Phlaeothrips coriaceus Haliday 1836. Plicothrips apicalis (Bagnall 1915). Pseudocryptothrips meridionalis Priesner 1919. Stictothrips faurei Hood 1924. BIZHANNIA, A. R. — Etebari, K. & A. R. Bizhannia 2006. BRODSGAARD, H. F. — Madadi, H., A. Kharrazi-Pakdel, A. Ashouri, J. Mohaghegh neyshabouri, A. Enkegaard, & H. F. Brodsgaard 2006. CHERAGHIAN, A. — Cheraghian, A. 1996 (thesis), 2000. Cheraghian, A. & H. Barimani Varandi 2000. Cheraghian, A. & S. H. Hojat 1998.

Cheraghian, A. 1996. [A Faunistic Study of Thysanoptera in Ahwaz Region]. M.Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, Shahid-Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran. 108 pp. (In Persian, with English summary). Thrips species were collected from various plants in Ahwaz region (south west Iran) from 1994–1996. 43 species of Thysanoptera are reported, belonging to 24 genera and 3 families. A brief description of taxonomic characters and some original drawings from the collected species are included. Among the collected specimens, 16 species are noted as new records for Iran. Agalmothrips near parviceps, collected on Eregion sp. on 26 Oct. 1994 at Ramhormoz, is considered to be a new species. “Identification of the specimens and confirmation of scientific names” was done by Richard zur Strassen and Sueo Nakahara. [The list of species of Thysanoptera in Ahwaz region is published in Cheraghian & Hojat (1998). Further data on the species from this thesis is included in Mossadegh & Kocheili (2003)].

46 Cheraghian, A. 2000. First report of two genera and four species of Thysanoptera for the insect fauna of Iran. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 359 (in Abstracts in English), p. 359 (in Abstracts in Persian). In an intensive survey for detection of quarantine pests in different regions of Iran during 1998–99, 4 species belonging to 4 genera and two families were identified for the first time in Iran. All identified species were confirmed phytophagous and pollen feeders by Dr. R. zur Strassen. Thripidae: 1. Dendrothrips phyllireae (Bagnall). 2. Indothrips bhushani Bhatti (as I. “bushani”). [Erroneously here included in family Thripidae, the species is not a member of the family Thripidae. Originally described in family Aeolothripidae (Bhatti 1967, Thysanoptera nova Indica, p. 2); it was subsequently transferred to family Indothripidae (Bhatti 2006, Oriental Ins., 40: 351)]. 3. Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Hood (as “Rhipiphorothripd” cruentatus). Phlaeothripidae: 4. Haplothrips vuilleti Priesner (as “Hyaplothrips” vuilleti). Dendrothrips and Haplothrips were observed on olive trees and Graminae plants in Kermanshah province (Nosood), whereas Indothrips and Rhipiphorothrips were observed on grape vine and Graminae plants in Khuzestan province. [The author has more recently clarified (personal communication, 27–X–2002, to Jalil Alavi) that he found D. phyllireae on olive trees, H. vuilleti on Graminae plants, in Kermanshah province; and I. bhushani on grape vine, R. cruentatus on Graminae plants, in Khuzestan province].

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47 Cheraghian, A. & H. Barimani Varandi 2000. First record of three species of Thysanoptera in the north of Iran. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 297 (in Abstracts in English), p. 297 (in Abstracts in Persian). In an intensive survey for detection of quarantine pests during 1998–99, nine species belonging to 7 genera and 3 families of Thysanoptera were identified in the northern forests of Iran. This investigation was confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen. Thripidae, 5 species: Aptinothrips stylifer Trybom. Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel. Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché). Mycterothrips latus (Bagnall). Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams). Aeolothripidae, 2 species: Aeolothrips insularis Priesner.* Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall. Phlaeothripidae, 2 species: Haplothrips andresi Priesner (as H. “andersi”). Haplothrips reuteri (Karny). Three species were identified for the first time in Iran (Aeolothrips insularis, Mycterothrips latus, Haplothrips andresi). Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis is identified as a serious pest of Citrus and Aeolothrips insularis is considered as a highly potential predator against mites and thrips. *Note. A species of Aeolothrips received from Cheraghian was identified by zur Strassen as “near insularis”, but not as insularis (e-mail from RzS). — JSB.

48 Cheraghian, A. & S. H. Hojat 1998. A faunistic study of Thysanoptera in Ahwaz region. Proceedings of the 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 23–27 Aug. 1998, Junior College of Agriculture, Karaj, Vol. I, Pests, p. 211 (in Abstracts in English), p. 211 (in Abstracts in Persian). During 1994–96 species of thrips were collected from various plants in Ahwaz region (Khuzestan Province). [see Cheraghian 1996]. 43 species belonging to 24 genera and 3 families were collected and identified. All species were confirmed by S. Nakahara and R. zur Strassen. [Further data from Cheraghian (1996) on these species is published in Mossadegh & Kocheili (2003)]. 16 of these species are new records for Iran. One species, Agalmothrips near parviceps, is considered new species. Tubulifera -Phlaeothripidae, 6 species: Dolicholepta micrura (Bagnall). New record for Iran. Haplothrips flavicinctus (Karny). Haplothrips tolerabilis Priesner. New record for Iran. Haplothrips reuteri (Karny). Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov). Stictothrips faurei Hood. New record for Iran. Terebrantia -Aeolothripidae, 8 species: Aeolothrips collaris Priesner. Aeolothrips deserticola Priesner (as A. “deserticila”). New record for Iran.


217

Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall. Aeolothrips mongolicus Pelikán. New record for Iran. Aeolothrips tenuicornis Bagnall. Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer). Melanthrips pallidior Priesner (as M. “palidior”). Rhipidothrips brunneus Williams. New record for Iran. Thripidae, 28 species: Agalmothrips near parviceps Priesner (as “parciceps”). New record for Iran. Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom. New record for Iran. Ascirtothrips efflatouni Priesner. New record for Iran. Ascirtothrips shirabudinensis (Yakhontov). New record for Iran. Ascirtothrips taghizadehi zur Strassen. Ascirtothrips sp. “New record for Iran”. Caliothrips graminicola (Bagnall & Cameron). New record for Iran. Chirothrips atricorpus Girault. New record for Iran. Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday). Chirothrips meridionalis Bagnall. Dendrothrips saltator Uzel. Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel. Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom). Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom). Kakothrips pisivorus (Westwood). Limothrips angulicornis Jablonowski. Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford). New record for Iran. Mycterothrips sp. New record for Iran. Neohydatothrips tadzhicus (Pelikán). Oxythrips tamaricis (Bagnall). New record for Iran. Retithrips syriacus (Mayet). [Another species (No. 36), listed as “Scirtothrips syriacus (Mayet)”, is obviously an error for R. syriacus]. Scolothrips latipennis Priesner. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner. Scolothrips rhagebianus Priesner. New record for Iran. Tenothrips discolor (Karny). Tenothrips pallidivestis (Priesner) (as T. “paltidivestis”). Thrips meridionalis (Priesner). Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Aeolothrips intermedius is predator of mites and thrips, the three species of Scolothrips are predators of mites (Tetranychidae). Other species are considered phytophagous or pollen feeders. CHODJAI, M. 1971 — See: SHOJAI, M. 1971. DANESHVAR, H. — Said-Pour, S. M. & H. Daneshvar 1993. DARVISH MOJENI, T. — See: MOJENI, T. D. DASTGHEYB BEHESHTI, N. — Dastgheyb Beheshti, N. 1980.

(10) Dastgheyb Beheshti, N. 1980. [Insect Pests of Cold Fruit Trees in Esfahan]. 6 unnumbered pages + pp. 1–145. Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran. (In Persian).

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Thysanoptera pp. 66–67. Thrips tabaci Lindeman: Field crops, and most of fruit trees (especially apple, pear, peach, and cherry), are hosts of this thrips; brief information on structure, biology, and damage. DAVATCHI, A. / DAVATCHI, G. A. — Davatchi, A. 1949, 1954. Davatchi, G. A. 1958. Davatchi, A. & F. Taghizadeh 1954, 1955.

(11) Davatchi, A. 1949. [Important Pests of Field Crops and Methods of their Control]. vii + 295 pp. + 1 unnumbered page (bibliography). Published by Bongahe Schimiai, Tehran. (In Persian). Thysanoptera, pp. 188–190, 255–256. Cotton thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, pp. 188–190; figure on p. 189 shows adult female and immature stages. Distributed in the north of Iran (seashores of Caspian Sea and vicinity of Tehran, and probably in many other parts of Iran); characters, biology, damage, and control; attacks many crops, especially tobacco, potato, cucumber, cotton, tomato, onion, and sugar beet. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov), pp. 255–256. In wheat fields of the vicinity of Tehran and central cities, especially vicinity of Yazd, Rafsanjan, and Kerman. Structure, biology, and control of the thrips are given. [Although it is not stated, this is the first report of H. tritici from Iran].

(12) Davatchi, A. 1954. [Insects Pests in Iran: Grasshoppers and other Pests of Cereals]. Vol. I. viii + 248 pp. Tehran University Press, Tehran. (In Persian). Thysanoptera, pp. 30–33. p. 31: In Terebrantia, there are several species belonging to Limothrips, Stenothrips, Anaphothrips, etc. which have not been studied up to now in Iran. p. 31: Phloeothrips oryzae has been found on rice in Babol city in Mazadaran, but its economic importance is not clear yet. The species was observed by Jalal Afshar, Professor of Agricultural College. [Although it is not stated, this is the first report of Haplothrips aculeatus from Iran (of which P. oryzae is a synonym)]. pp. 31–33: Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov), fig. 15 on p. 32 shows the adult female.

(13) Davatchi, G. A. 1958. Étude biologique de la faune entomologique des Pistacia sauvages et cultivés. Revue de Pathologie Végétale et d’Entomologie Agricole de France, 37 (1): 3–166. Paris. (In French). [Biological study of the insect fauna of wild and cultivated Pistacia]. Thysanoptera, pp. 25–27. The information is taken essentially from literature. 3 species found on Pistacia in Iran are dealt with. Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov, pp. 25–26, collected from male flowers of pistachio cultivated in Kazvin, citing Yakhontov (1951), collected again in Varamin in 1951. Thrips iranicus Yakhontov, p. 26, collected from male flowers of pistachio cultivated in Kazvin, citing Yakhontov (1951). Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg, p. 27, collected in Khorasan on leaves and fruit of cultivated pistachio. 4 species are found on pistachio in USSR (former Soviet Union): Thrips minutissimus f. obscura Coesf. (p. 26), Taeniothrips meridionalis Priesner (p. 27), Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel) (p. 27), Haplothrips subtilissimus (Haliday) (p. 27). Retithrips syriacus (Mayet) (pp. 26–27), widely distributed polyphagous species (equatorial Africa, Morocco, Nile valley, Syria, Lybia, Brazil, etc.). In Palestine, the species infests P. vera, P. terebinthus, and P. lentiscus.

(14) Davatchi, A. & F. Taghizadeh 1954. Les insectes nuisibles aux aurantiacées en Iran. Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées, No. 14: 1–80 (in Persian), 1–21 (summary in French, in the non-Persian part).


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[Insect pests of citrus in Iran]. The Persian and French texts have separate page numbering. Taenothrips frici Uzel appears on p. 2 in the French summary in the list of insects attacking oranges, and on p. 5 of the Persian text.

(15) Davatchi, A. & F. Taghizadeh 1955. Les insectes nuisibles au cotonnier en Iran. Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées, No. 15: 1–55 (in Persian), 1–20 (summary in French, in the non-Persian part). [Insect Pests of Cotton in Iran]. The pages in Persian and French have separate numbering. In the French summary, Thrips flavus Schr. appears on p. 2 in the list of pest species. Pp. 10–11, collected and identified in Karaj in 1953, this insect is probably present in the whole country on cotton cultivations which it attacks; damage, biology, and chemical control are described. In the Persian text: Thrips flavus, cotton thrips, is given in the list on p. 6; pp. 36–38, distribution, damage, biology, control; fig. 17 on p. 36 shows damage to cotton. DERN, R. — Mortazawiha, A. & Rudolf Dern 1977. DORDAIE, A. A. — Dordaie, A. A., B. Sadaghian, & M. Nikdel 2000.

49 Dordaie, A. A.; B. Sadaghian; & M. Nikdel 2000. Survey of the most important pests of poplar trees in East-Azarbaidjan. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 287 (in Abstracts in English), p. 287 (in Abstracts in Persian). Poplar is one of the fast growing trees and is suitable for commercial production of wood in Azarbaidjan. In order to study and identify poplar insect fauna, research was carried out in different areas of East Azarbaidjan in 1996–98. All insects associated with 3 species of poplar, Populus alba, P. nigra, P. euamericana, were collected. 139 damaging insect species belonging to 8 orders and 45 families were recognized. Among these, 20 species (identified and confirmed by Dr. H. Barooghie) were found to be the most important pests of poplar trees in East Azarbaidjan, according to the amount of injury caused by them and their population density. These 20 species of important poplar pests are listed, including 7 species of Lepidoptera, 2 species of Coleoptera, 8 species of Hemiptera, and 3 species of Thysanoptera. The damage caused by “some of the thripid species on P. alba” is the first report from Iran. [The nature of damage is not stated]. The 3 species of Thysanoptera listed are: Anaphothrips sp. Parthenothrips sp. [This is the first report of Parthenothrips in Iran]. Stenothrips sp. EBADI, R. — Kalafchi, M., R. Ebadi, & M. Mobli 2002. Kalafchi, M., M. Mobli, & R. Ebadi 2003. Kalafchi, M., M. Mobli, R. Ebadi, & A. M. Rezaei 2006. Mansouri, S. M., R. Ebadi, & M. Mobli 2004. EBRAHIMI, S. S. — Yarmand, H., S. E. Sadeghi, M. Mohammadi, S. S. Ebrahimi, & A. R. Seif Allahi 2006. EFTEKHARI, R. — Hosseininia, A., S. H. Malkeshi, A. Sharifi, S. R. Masihi, & R. Eftekhari 2006. EGHBALIAN, A. H. — Eghbalian, A. H., M. Khanjani, A. A. Pourmirza, & M. Mirab-Balou 2007.

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50 Eghbalian, Amir Hossein; Mohammad Khanjani; Ali A. Pourmirza; & Majid Mirab-Balou 2007. Functional response of the predatory thrips, Scolothrips sixmaculatus (Pergande) [sic !] (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on brown mite, Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheuten) (Acari: Tetranychidae). p. 31. In: S. Trdan (ed.), Book of Abstracts, 2nd Symposium on Palaearctic Thysanoptera, 18–20 Sept. 2007, Strunjan, Slovenia, 3+ 35 pp. Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, Ljubljana. Brown mite, Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheutten) is one of the most important pests of cherry and plum trees in west of Iran. This pest was found bluntly [sic !] on fruit trees in Hamedan (West of Iran). It causes considerable damage in some orchards of this area. Different insects and mites were found to be predatory. Amongst these, Scolothrips sexmaculatus (Pergande) [as “sixmaculatus”] is one of the most important predator of brown mite. The predatory behaviour of this thrips, such as functional responses of adult on nymph 2 (N2) and adults of brown mite, were studied in the laboratory. Adults of the predatory thrips after collection, were reared on black-cherry leaf arena. Different densities of the life stages (N2 and adult) of brown mite including 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 were placed on plum leaf discs (30 mm in diameter). Each density had 10 replicates. One adult thrips was released on each leaf disc. The experiment was carried in an incubator at 25±2 °C temperature, 65±5% relative humidity and 14L: 10D hours light regime. The number of prey consumed was counted after 24 hours. The data were analyzed using SAS program and Holling’s method (1959). The results showed that the functional responses of predatory thrips to different densities of N2 and adult of brown mite were type II. EMAMI, M. S. — Emami, M. S. 2004a, b.

51 Emami, M. S. 2004a. Study on the most attractant color for onion thrips in greenhouses cucumber. Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Vol. I, Pests, p. 242. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). Onion thrips emerge along with cucumber growth in greenhouse. They feed on buds and cause leaf curl and retard plant growth. In order to find out the best color to attract onion thrips in cucumber greenhouses, an infested, 500 m² cucumber greenhouse was selected. It had metallic frame and under-pressure irrigation system. Trial was done in complete random design with 4 treatments (yellow, white, blue, and pink) and 7 replications. 28 sticky cards (13×8 cm) were used in all treatments, placed 1 m from each other and 1 m from the ground. Traps were changed weekly, and replaced at the same location. Thrips counts were made weekly on both sides for 5 weeks. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among treatments. Yellow colour was found to attract onion thrips the most.

52 Emami, M. S. 2004b. Spatial distribution pattern of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci L. on greenhouse cucumber. Proceedings of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 28 Aug.–1 Sept. 2004, University of Tabriz, Vol. I, Pests, p. 408. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). Determining the type of spatial distribution is fundamental for understanding the pest population characteristics, assessing their potential for crop loss, selection of the best sampling unit and appropriate sampling size. Spatial distribution pattern of T. tabaci on greenhouse cucumber was studied in 2003. An infested green house (500 m²) was selected and sampling was carried out weekly. 10 plants were selected at random, and 3 leaves were taken from each plant. Nymphs and adult thrips were counted separately. Data of each week was taken as cluster. Mean and variance of each cluster were calculated and their relationship was studied by Taylor’s power law model. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of nymphs and adults was aggregated. Rate of b and r² for nymphs and adults was respectively 1.75, 0.891 and 2.08, 0.827. The sample size in this area with 25 per cent relative variation was 13 samples.


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ENKEGAARD, A. — Madadi, H., A. Kharrazi-Pakdel, A. Ashouri, J. Mohaghegh neyshabouri, A. Enkegaard, & H. F. Brodsgaard 2006. ESMAILI, M. / ESMAELI, M. — Esmaili, M. 1983 (reprinted 1991, 1993, 1996). Esmaili, M., A. A. Mirkarimi, & P. Azmayesh Fard 1991 (reprinted repeatedly, the last reprint 2006).

(16) Esmaili, M. 1983. [Important Pests of Fruit Trees]. 578 pp. Sepehr Publishing, Tehran. (In Persian). (Reprinted 1991, 1993, 1996). Thysanoptera, pp. 237–239, 297–298, 366. Eight species of thrips are dealt with, including 4 species which are first reports from Iran. pp. 237–239, Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel. Vine thrips, on grape vine, is reported from Qazvin; brief information on characters, biology, and control. [It is the first report of Drepanothrips reuteri in Iran, although this is not stated]. pp. 297–298, thrips of pistachio, Thrips iranicus Yakhontov, T. pistaciae Yakhontov, Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg. Thrips iranicus, at first collected on pistachio trees in Qazvin, subsequently it was found that this pest is distributed in most areas of Iran where pistachio grows. It is found mostly on male flowers. Characters, biology, and control are given. Thrips pistaciae, causes damage to male flowers, but its economic importance is not clear; characters, biology, and control are given. Liothrips jakhontovi, collected on pistachio leaves and fruits in Qazvin; this thrips on pistachio has no economic importance, hence chemical control is not needed. p. 366, citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri (Moulton), damages citrus flowers and grown citrus fruits in southern areas of Iran. Two other citrus thrips are present in northern parts of Iran, Frankliniella cephalica (Crawford) and Chaetanaphothrips sp. [Although it is not stated, this is the first report of Scirtothrips citri, Fr. cephalica, and the genus Chaetanaphothrips from Iran. However, the finding of the North American species Scirtothrips citri and Frankliniella cephalica in Iran is very doubtful.]. Taeniothrips frici (Uzel) has been reported from citrus in Iran by Bodenheimer (1951, Citrus Entomology in the Middle East with special reference to Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Palestine, Syria, Turkey, and Jerusalem, 663 pp., Dr. W. Junk).

(17) Esmaili, M.; A. A. Mirkarimi; & P. Azmayesh Fard 1991. [Agricultural Entomology, Destructive Insects, Mites, Rodents, Mollusks and their Control]. 5 pages numbered in Persian words + pp. 1–552. 1st edition. Tehran University Publications, Tehran. (In Persian). (Reprinted repeatedly, the last reprint 2005). Thysanoptera, pp. 226–232. Eight species of Thysanoptera are included. [Although it is not stated, the examples given in the book seem to pertain to the fauna of Iran]. Seven of these species were already known from Iran (before 1991), but Taeniothrips simplex finds no mention in earlier Iranian literature, hence it is considered as first report of this species from Iran. pp. 226–227, general account of order Thysanoptera. pp. 227–228, key to the families Phlaeothripidae, Aeolothripidae, Merothripidae, Heterothripidae, Thripidae. p. 228. Family Thripidae. Taeniothrips inconsequens Uzel (as “incansequens (Usel)”), attacks flower buds, young leaves, and fruits of pear, cherry, and plum. This pest is distributed in most areas of the world, but there is no information on its occurrence in Iran; brief information on biology, damage.

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Taeniothrips simplex*, attacks gladiolus, causes severe damage by decreasing growth and reducing the size of flowers; structure and biology are similar to Taeniothrips inconsequens. This is the first report of Taeniothrips simplex in Iran. Taeniothrips frici (Uzel) (as “frisi Uzo”), has been reported from tea in Iran; at present it has no economic importance. pp. 228–229. Thrips tabaci Lindeman (as “Lim.”), tobacco thrips, is a very polyphagous species; it is an important pest of onion, tobacco, bean, sugar beet, tomato, potato, pea, cucurbits (especially water melon); brief account of structure, biology, and damage; figure of adult, pupa, prepupa, larvae, and eggs of tobacco thrips on p. 229. p. 230. Thrips pistaciae, is pest of pistachio in most areas of Iran, there is not enough information on its economic importance; fig. on p. 230 shows antenna and ovipositor. p. 231. Thrips flavus Schrank (as “Schank”), cotton yellow thrips, is distributed in most cotton fields of Iran; brief information on damage and biology. Family Phlaeothripidae. Haplothrips tritici (Kurdj.), wheat thrips, attacks wheat and Gramineae weeds; brief information on structure and damage. Family Aeolothripidae. Aeolothrips fasciatus Linn. (as “faciatus”), is distributed in most areas of the world; it is observed on various plants especially on flowers of clover, and feeds of other thrips, aphids, and mites. p. 232. Figures of important thrips on field crops in Iran: Thrips flavus, damage by Thrips flavus on cotton, Haplothrips tritici, and Thrips tabaci. *Thrips simplex (= Taeniothrips simplex) is a widely distributed species. Its distribution includes Iran (Nickle 2008: 16). [Nickle, D. A. 2008. Commonly intercepted thrips at U.S. ports-of-entry from Africa, Europe, and the Mediterranean. III. The genus Thrips Linnaeus, 1758 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Proceeding of the Entomological Society of Washington, 110 (1): 165–185].

ETEBARI, K. — Etebari, K. 2002. Etebari, K. & A. R. Bizhannia 2006. Etebari, K. & S. Hesami 2002. Etebari, K., J. Jalali, & M. Taksokhan 1999a, b. Etebari, K., J. Jalali, & M. Taksokhan 2000a. Etebari, K., J. Jalali, & M. Tak sokhan 2000b. Etebari, K., J. Jalali, & M. Tak Sokhan 2000c, d. Etebari, K. & L. Matindoost 2004. Hesami, S., K. Etebari, H. Pourbabaei, M. M. Kamelmanesh 2007. (see ref. 187 on page 312). Jalali sendi, J., M. Hasheminia, K. Etebari, & M. Shojaee 2001.

53 Etebari, K. 2002. Determination of efficiency of sprinkler irrigation for non-chemical control of mulberry thrips Pseudodendrothrips mori (Thys.: Thripidae). Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, p. 113 (in Abstracts in English), pp. 191–192 (in Abstracts in Persian). In order to determine the efficiency of sprinkler irrigation in density, frequency, and non-chemical control of mulberry thrips, two plots were selected; one of them was under sprinkler irrigation and the other plot was chosen as control. The number of insects were counted in both plots at four different times (before irrigation, and 24, 48, and 72 hours after irrigation). The density of insects in 1 cm² of leaf area was determined as a population index. Result of data analysis showed that the number of insects in unit area of leaf was significantly different only after 24 h of irrigation, but the density of insects after 48 h of irrigation was not. Lethal effect


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of irrigation on population was calculated, using Handerson-Tilton formula, which at 24, 48, and 72 hours after irrigation was 42.62±0.8, 20.01±2.4, and 1.9±3.4 respectively.

54 Etebari, K. & A. R. Bizhannia 2006. The mulberry thrips damage estimation on silkworm rearing yield. Proceedings of the 17th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 2–5 Sept. 2006, University of Tehran, Karaj, Vol. I, Pests, p. 392. (Abstract). (In Persian and English). Mulberry thrips, Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) as a dominant pest in the mulberry orchards in northern parts of Iran, has an important role in sericulture. In this study the effect of thrips feeding on chemical characteristics of the leaves of Ken-mochi and Iche-Noise varieties and also the effect of feeding on infested leaves on silkworm rearing were studied. Six plots with 200 m² area from each mulberry variety were selected, and three of them were sprayed with 0.5% Metasystox at the peak of second nymph population so as to eradicate the thrips. After 30 days from spraying, the silkworm larvae were fed on thrips-free leaves and thrips-infested leaves. The results showed that the feeding of this insect will decrease the nutrition of the leaves in such a way that the mean amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and protein in the leaves showed 2.5, 10.8, 18.7, and 12.5% decrease, respectively, this decrease was much more evident in Ken-mochi variety. The percentage mortality in the silkworm larvae fed on thrips-infested leaves of Ken-mochi variety was higher. The total number of cocoons produced, cocoon weight, pupal weight, and cocoon shell weight, had significant decrease in the larvae fed on thrips infested leaves. But in cocoon shell percentage no significant difference had occurred. Thus, mulberry thrips interrupted silkworm rearing and had higher damage on Ken-mochi variety and the larvae that were fed on its leaves.

55 Etebari, K. & Sh. Hesami 2002. Thysanoptera fauna of grape orchards in Isfahan, Iran. Proceedings of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7–11 Sept. 2002, Razi University of Kermanshah, Vol. I, Pests, p. 182 (in Abstracts in English), pp. 309–310 (in Abstracts in Persian). Thrips samples were taken from grape orchards of Isfahan province during 2000–2001. 10 species [“9 species”] belonging to 2 families of suborder Terebrantia were collected and identified. Family Thripidae: Tribe Thripini: Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel). Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan). Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Thrips trehernei Priesner. Tribe Chirothripini: Chirothrips aculeatus Bagnall. Tribe Scirtothripini: Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel. Scirtothrips mangiferae Priesner. Neohydatothrips sp. Family Aeolothripidae: Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus). Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall. The species were confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen.

56 Etebari, K.; J. Jalali; & M. Taksokhan 1999a. [A species of Thysanoptera new for Iran]. Newsletter of Entomological Society of Iran, No. 2: 2. (In Persian).

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This is a short note of 7 lines, reporting Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) (Thys., Thripidae) as a species new to Iran fauna. Specimens were collected from mulberry trees of Gilan province. The species was determined by Sh. Manzari (Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Plant Pest & Disease Research Institute, Tehran).

57 Etebari, K.; J. Jalali; & M. Taksokhan 1999b. First record of mulberry thrips Pseudodendrothrips mori Niwa (Thy.: Thripidae) from mulberry orchards of north Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 18 (1–2): p. 45 (In English); p. 26 (In Persian). (Scientific Note). [The Scientific Note in English and Persian is in separate sections of the Journal respectively for the two languages].

Mulberry thrips Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) is major pest of mulberry orchards of Guilan province. The insect sucks the sap of the plant reducing the protein content and moisture of the leaves by 17.8 and 3.57 % respectively. It adversely affects the quality of leaves consumed by silkworm. [Note. The nature of damage caused is not stated.]. The mulberry thrips has 6–7 generations in a year and 3 high peaks occur in the summer season. The highest peak was recorded in the second week of August with 206.8 insects in 100 cm² of leaf surface. The duration of generation in summer ranges from 15 to 25 days. The insect overwinters as adult. The thrips population is partially controlled by a predator (Orius sp.), and by rainfall and sprinkler irrigation.

58 Etebari, K.; J. Jalali; & M. Taksokhan 2000a. [Investigation on host preference of Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) (Thys; Thripidae) for varieties of mulberry in the field and laboratory]. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31 (3): 486–495. (In Persian, summary on p. 489) (Summary in English on p. 495). The mulberry thrips, Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa), is introduced as the dominant species in the insect fauna of mulberry orchards in the north of Iran during summer season. Infestation by thrips results in reducing the quality of mulberry leaves as food for silkworm. [Note. The reduction in the “quality” of the leaves is not defined.]. Host preference of the thrips was studied on a complete randomized plot using four treatments, i.e. Kenmochi (KM) (as “Kehmochi”), Kairyo-Nezumigaeshi (KN), Ichinose (I), and Shin-Ichinose (SI), which are improved varieties of mulberry in the area. For this purpose the insects were collected three times. The density index was calculated as the number of individuals in one cm² of leaf area. Statistical analysis carried out with Duncan’s new multiple range test (DMRT) indicates that the KM with an average (±SE) of 3.48±0.3 insects is significantly different from the other treatments at 1% level. Ichinose, with 2.2±0.01 comes second, while KN and SI varieties stand third with 1.31±0.06 and 1.07±0.02 insects respectively. Non-preference of the insect to different varieties was studied in the laboratory with poly-choice test. The preference per cent of this species on the four varieties with 13 replications was 38.8, 29.38, 18.96, and 12.73 respectively. Statistical analysis of the results in laboratory conditions also indicates that KM is the most preferred variety, while SI is the least preferred variety, and the other two varieties are intermediate. Considering the combination of results of laboratory and field studies, KM is the variety most susceptible to mulberry thrips, while SI shows relative resistance to the insect.

59 Etebari, K.; J. Jalali; & M. Tak sokhan 2000b. Investigation on host preference of Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) (Thys.: Thripidae) in four improved varieties of mulberry. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 208 (in Abstracts in English), p. 208 (in Abstracts in Persian). The mulberry thrips, Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa), is a new pest of mulberry in northern Iran. The insect sucks the sap of the plant and reduces the quality of the leaf fed by the silkworm. [Note. The deterioration in the quality of leaf is not defined]. Host preference of the thrips was studied on a complete randomized plot with four treatments, i.e. Kenmochi (KM) (as “Kemochi”), Kairyo-Nezumigaeshi (KN), Ichinose (I), and Shin-Ichinose (SI),


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which are improved varieties cultivated in the area. The number of insects was counted three times, with 15 replications each time. The density index was calculated as the number of individuals found in one cm² of leaf area. The results of statistical analysis with Duncan’s new multiple range test (DMRT) indicated that the KM with an average of 3.48±0.3 insects is significantly different from the other treatments at 1% level. Ichinose, bearing 2.2±0.01 comes second, while KN and SI varieties stand in the third place with 1.31±0.06 and 1.07±0.02 insects respectively. Non-preference of the insect to different varieties was studied in the laboratory with poly-choice test. The preference per cent of this species on the four varieties with 13 replications was 38.8, 29.38, 18.9, and 12.73 respectively. It was found that KM is the most preferred variety, while SI with the least preference stands last, and the other two varieties are intermediates. Considering combination of the laboratory and field results, KM variety is the most susceptible to mulberry thrips, while SI shows a relative resistance to the insect. [This abstract is almost identical to the summary given in Etebari, Jalali, & Tak sokhan (2000a)].

60 Etebari, K.; J. Jalali; & M. Tak Sokhan 2000c. Investigation on effect of pruning, in mulberry thrips population density. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. I, Pests, p. 313 (in Abstracts in English), p. 313 (in Abstracts in Persian). Mulberry thrips, Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) is a dominant pest of mulberry fields of north of Iran in summer. In order to achieve a suitable cultural method of pest control in 3 varieties Kenmochi (KM), Ichinose (I), and Shin-Ichinose (SI), six plots of half a hectare were selected. Around the end of May one plot from each variety was severely pruned. The average height difference between pruned and non-pruned trees was 1.5 meters. Population density and fluctuation of the pest were analyzed for six mentioned treatments in 10 intervals. For this purpose in every treatment and each interval 30 leaves were randomly selected from branch apices and transferred to laboratory. The density was counted on 12 cm2 of leaf surface area. The results indicated that the average insect population in pruned treatments of KM1, I1, & SI1 were 16.41±3.86, 3.22±0.50, and 3.38±0.66 respectively. The number of thrips in non-pruned treatments (i.e. KM2, I2, & SI2) were 16.32±5.69, 1.80±0.34, and 2.86±0.56 respectively. Statistical analysis with Duncan’s new multiple range test (DMRT) indicates that pruning of tree in spring does not have any significant effect on thrips population in summer. Density of thrips population on pruned and non-pruned plants of three varieties of mulberry leaf was studied. Pruning did not have any significant effect on the thrips population.

61 Etebari, K.; J. Jalali; & M. Tak Sokhan 2000d. Thrips (Thysanoptera) fauna of mulberry fields in Gilan province. Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 5–8 Sept. 2000, Isfahan University of Technology, Vol. 1, Pests, p. 364 (in Abstracts in English), p. 364 (in Abstracts in Persian). Samples of thrips were taken in mulberry fields of Gilan province from 1998 to 1999. In this study three species of Thripidae were collected and identified. Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) is a dominant species of thrips fauna in the province. It is “a new record in Iran”. Two species, Thrips tabaci Lindeman and Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché), have a low population in mulberry fields. The species were confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen.

62 Etebari, K. & L. Matindoost 2004. [An appraisal of sprinkling irrigation and spring pruning on population density of mulberry thrips Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) (Thys.: Thripidae)]. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 23 (2): 1–14. (In Persian, abstract on p. 1). (Abstract in English on p. 14). (References, pp. 12–13). Mulberry thrips Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa) reduces the efficiency of silk production by feeding on leaf sap. In order to explore a non-chemical control measure for the pest, the effects of sprinkling

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irrigation and spring pruning were investigated separately in three mulberry varieties (Km, I, and SI). For assessment of efficiency of sprinkler irrigation in reducing the thrips population, two half hectare plots were selected from each variety and one of them was irrigated for 3 h and the other was kept as control. The number of thrips collected by random sampling were counted in each plot at four different intervals (before irrigation, 24, 48, and 72 h after irrigation). To determine the effects of spring pruning on thrips population, two plots from each variety were selected one of which was taken under intensive pruning in mid-May. Population densities were recorded at ten different times in summer. The results indicated that the two methods, as non-chemical measures, do not show any significant effects on mulberry thrips. The data showed that population of thrips lowered only 24 h after irrigation, and the density of the insect after 48 h of irrigation did not show significant difference between two treatments. Also the average population of mulberry thrips in pruned treatments of SI, I, and KM were 0.28±0.17, 0.29±1.6, and 1.36±1.01 respectively. While this index in non-pruned treatments was 0.23±0.15, 0.15±0.09, and 1.56±1.3 respectively, no significant difference was observed between two pruned treatments. FALLAHZADEH, M. — Alemansour, H. & M. Fallahzadeh 2004. Hasani, M. R. & M. Fallahzadeh 2005. Jafari, R. & M. Fallahzadeh 2004. FARAHBAKHSH, G. / FARAHBAKHCH, G. — Farahbakhsh, G. 1961. Farahbakhch, G. & M. Moini 1975.

(18) Farahbakhsh, Gh. 1961. A Checklist of Economically Important Insects and other Enemies of Plants and Agricultural Products in Iran. v+153 pp., 2 maps. (In English, + 2 pages in Persian). Department of Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Tehran. This Checklist is in the form of a continuous table on pp. 1–116, giving a numbered list of 1084 species of economically important insects and other enemies of plants and agricultural products. The scientific name of each species, plants attacked, feeding habit and/or type of injury, importance, and distribution in Iran are given. The sources of this information in literature are not cited with the species, but selected references are given on pp. 131–133. There are 2 maps: (i) Forest distribution in Iran and (ii) Average Annual Precipitation in Iran. 9 species of Thysanoptera (No. 191–199) are listed in the table on p. 23. Family Aeolothripidae: 191 Aeolothrips sp. Sugar beet. Puncture underside of leaves and suck up the exuding sap. Minor importance. Karaj and Varamin. This is the first report of the genus Aeolothrips in Iran. Family Thripidae: 194 Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom). Wheat, barley, flax, potato, lettuce, lucerne, and clover. Attack leaves, flowers and ears. Medium importance. Generally distributed. 195 Taeniothrips frici (Uzel). Tung, citrus, and tea. Puncture underside of leaves, causing upper surface of leaves to become whitened. Minor to medium importance. Shahi. 196 Thrips flavus Schrank. Cotton. Attack leaves and young cotton bolls. Medium to severe importance. Varamin, “Garmsar (Tehran)”, and northern part of Khorassan. 197 Thrips iranicus Yakhontov, 198 Thrips pistaciae Yakhontov. Pistachio (Pistachia vera). Attack male flowers and prevent adequate pollination. Medium to severe importance. Ghazvin and Varamin. 199 Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Attack tobacco, cotton, cabbage, cauliflower, flax, sugar beet, kenaf, potato, egg plant, onion, cucumber, melon, castor-bean, and garden plants; sometimes on apple, pear, peach, and cherry. Puncture underside of leaves and stems and suck up the exuding sap, causing the appearance of whitish bloches on the leaves. Medium to severe importance. Tehran vicinity, Varamin, Mazandaran, and central provinces. [Note. As a result of puncture by the thrips the sap does not exude, but the puncture enables maxillary stylets to be thrust into the tissue from where the sap is sucked.].


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Family Phlaeothripidae: 193 Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov). Wheat, barley, and rye, especially those produced by dry farming; sometimes on tobacco. Attack ears when grains are soft. Medium to severe importance. Tehran vicinity, Varamin, Karaj, Azarbaijan, Kermanshah, and central provinces. 192 Liothrips jakhontovi Kreutzberg (included in family Aeolothripidae !). Pistachio (Pistachia vera). Attack leaves and young fruits. Minor importance. Khorassan.

Map of Iran, showing forest distribution (from Farahbakhsh 1961)

(19) Farahbakhch, Gh. & M. Moini 1975. [Olive Pests in Iran]. 2 pages numbered in Persian alphabet, + pp. 3–73 in Persian; 2 unnumbered pages, + pp. 3–14 in English. National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran-Evin. (The Persian and English parts have separate page numbers). Data is given on olive pests in Iran, Saissetia oleae (Homoptera, Lecanidae), Euphyllura olivine (Psyllidae), Parlatoria oleae (Diaspididae), Glis glis caspicus = Glis glis persicus (Mammalia, Gliridae), and on olive disease, peacock eye spot in Iran, caused by the fungus Cycloconium oleaginicum.

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List of pests and diseases of Olive trees in the world is given, as noted from books and research papers. This list is given in the Persian part, in the form of a table on pp. 62–73. On p. 63 there are two species of Thysanoptera in the table, but these are not from Iran: Hercothrips fasciatus (Pergande), family Thripidae, distribution: California; attacking buds, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Liothrips oleae Costa, family Phlaeothripidae (as “Phloeothripidae”), olive thrips, distribution: Mediterranean area (Spain, Italy, Libyia, Tunisia, Israel, Syria, and Habesha [Ethiopia and Eritrea], attacking buds, leaves, flowers, and fruits. FARD, P. AZMAYESH — See: AZMAYESH FARD, P. FARIDI, B. — Azmayesh Fard, P. & B. Faridi 1993. FARSHBAF, R. — Fathi, S. A. A., G. Nori Ganbalani, R. Farshbaf, K. Haddad Irani-Nejad, & M. Valizadeh 2005. FARZADFAR, S. — Golnaraghi, A. R., N. Shahraeen, R. Pourrahim, S. Farzadfar, & A. Ghasemi 2004. Golnaraghi, A. R., R. Pourrahim, S. Farzafdar, K. Ohshima, N. Shahraeen, & A. Ahoonmanesh 2007. Pourrahim, R., S. Farzadfar, A. A. Moini, N. Shahraeen, & A. Ahoonmanesh 2001. Pourrahim, R., S. Farzadfar, A. R. Golnaraghi, N. Shahraeen, & A. Ahoonmanesh 2002. FARZANEH, A. — Barkhordari, M., Kh. Samet, & A. Farzaneh 1981. FATHI, S. A. A. — Fathi, S. A. A., G. Nori Ganbalani, R. Farshbaf, K. Haddad Irani-Nejad, & M. Valizadeh 2005.

63 Fathi, S. A. A.; G. Nori Ganbalani; R. Farshbaf; K. Haddad Irani-Nejad; & M. Valizadeh 2005. [Effects of wheat cultivars and their phenological stages on the tritrophic interaction of wheat, Haplothrips tritici Kurd. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) and Orius niger Wolff (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae)]. Agricultural Science, 15 (2): 205–221. University of Tabriz. (In Persian, abstract on p. 205). (Abstract in English, on p. 16). The number of adults, nymphs, eggs laid, and egg production in ovarioles of Orius niger, and also the number of eggs, larvae, and adults of Haplothrips tritici (Kurdj.), were determined at the phenological stages of booting, ear emergence, flowering, early milk, late milk, dough development, and ripening of three wheat cultivars. The higher population density of 0. niger (sum of eggs, nymphs, and adults) appeared in Alvand, Roshan, and Sardari cultivars respectively (p

1-p 1-2, 13-iii-2009, COVER copy.pmd

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