2016 Geneva Motor Show

2016 Geneva Motor Show Technology Trends report for

April 2016, special edition

by Dr.-Ing. Karl Siebertz

Ford Research & Advanced Engineering FISITA Vice President - Technical

Contents

1.

2.

Energy & Efficiency - The current oil price is very low. However, the increasing demand and the scarcity of the resources will lead to another price increase at some point in time. Legislation continues to drive down fleet emissions, with severe penalties in case of non-compliance. The first section of the report provides an overview about latest developments on alternative powertrains, combustion engines and vehicle related measures to reduce fuel consumption.


source BMW

Driver & Car - Automated driving is a popular topic at the moment. It does relate to a wider context. Driver Assistance, Active Safety, Connectivity and HMI are increasingly linked to each other. It is all about the cooperation between driver and car, however increasing functionality and a lack of standardization might result in a divergence, which will make it difficult for customers to drive a new car. source VW

3.

Customer Value - Ultimately it will be the customer who decides about the success of a product. Understanding customer demand and providing an attractive “package” is the main task in the automotive business. Cost efficiency remains relevant for the majority of vehicles. Only a few products can be sold at very high price, based on their exclusiveness or performance. Affordable mobility is a key success factor for modern society. The automotive industry did play a major role in the past and should continue to enable affordable, safe and sustainable mobility in the future.

source Smart

1- Energy & Efficiency


source Hyundai

• Hydrogen and Other Chemical Storage for Electric Energy • Battery Electric Vehicles • Hybrids • Hybrid Special: Take Two Transmissions • Diesel Alive • Lightweight and Drag Resistance

source Daimler

source BMW

Hydrogen and Other Chemical Storage for Electric Energy


Manufacturers are waiting for the rollout of the H2 infrastructure. In the meantime, exotic concepts for range extenders enter the showroom.

Lexus LF-FC

Nanoflowcell Quantino Prototype source Quant

Lexus LF-FC and Honda FCX Clarity – Serious Fuel Cell Cars. Already shown at the Tokyo Motor Show. First market intro in Japan.

Nanoflowcell Quantino – Third presentation in Geneva. Now drivable

TechRules TREV GT96 Concept

prototype after two pure show cars. 48V technology. Claims to produce 80kW peak power (motors), with 15kW charging power of the redox flow cell. Tiny storage using supercaps. Secret composition of the two liquids used. Open system, releasing the used liquids into the environment. Claims a 600Wh / l capacity.

TechRules TREV GT96 – Turbine-Recharging-Electric-Vehicle. Gas turbine powering an electric sports car. There is also a version (AT96), which burns aviation fuel or Diesel. 19kWh Lithium-Manganese-Oxide battery, 36kW generator power, around 770kW peak power for propulsion. Around 100kg of weight of the range extender pack. Claims to have very good fuel efficiency. 1- Energy & Efficiency

Battery Electric Vehicles


More range and more fun, which might help increase the sales of EV’s. Established manufacturers try to convey brightness and optimism, while new players enter the scene. Powerplaza Yebbujana R2 Prototype

Citroen E-Mehari Concept

Powerplaza Yebbujana R2 – Drivable prototype. Two versions (40.5kWh, 81kWh). Up to 765 km range. 837kg (with large battery). Citroen E-Mehari – Heritage of the popular Citroen Mehari. Lithium metal polymer battery by Bollore. 110km/h top speed, 200km range.

VW Budd-E Concept

VW Budd-E – Already shown at the CES. BUDD-e is based on the new MEB Modular Electric Drive Kit. AWD 100kW (front) + 125kW (rear). 92.4kWh battery, 533km range (NEDC). Tesla X – Already launched in the US. Available in Europe in Summer, starting at EUR 109,000, 90kWh battery, providing 450km range (EPA). Hyundai IONIC – Three versions : Full hybrid, PHEV, full electric. 28kWh LiPo battery, 250km range, 88kW peak power, 165km/h top speed. Nissan – Announcing 10,000 super charging stations (2800 in Europe). Cooperation with energy provider (ENEL), vehicle to grid concept and second life battery usage concept to store solar and wind energy. 1- Energy & Efficiency

Hybrids


A wide range of Hybrids have been shown in Geneva, using a variety of technical concepts. Renault Scenic with 48V Hybrid Assist source Renault

Hyundai Ionic Hybrid

Hyundai Ionic Hybrid – Three options available in one car: Full hybrid, plug-in hybrid, full electric. Hybrid: 32kW electric, 1.56kWh LiPo battery. Plug-in: 45kW electric, 8.9kWh LiPo battery. Renault Scenic – 48V mild hybrid. Boost function and brake energy recuperation. Combustion engine keeps running.

BMW 740e iPerformance source BMW

BMW 740e iPerformance – Combining 4cyl Twin-Turbo gasoline engine and plug-in hybrid electric drive to 240kW system power output. CO2 emission: 49g/km (EU drive cycle). MTM Engine Tech – retro-fit of a 48V hybrid system for the VW T6. 20kW peak power, 80kg additional weight, around EUR 10,000 additional cost, 46kWh battery size, turns 2WD into 4WD. Delivery in cities on electric mode. Alternative gear ratio: electric support up to full speed. Mercedes E 350e – 210kW system power output. CO2 emission: 49g/km (EU drive cycle). 4cyl 2l gasoline engine + 65kW e-motor. 1- Energy & Efficiency

Hybrid Special: Take Two Transmissions


After Koenigsegg shocked the scene in 2015 by taking out the gearbox, Lexus showed the LC500h with two transmissions. The goal is to enable downsizing without compromise.

Lexus LC500h

Lexus LC500h source Lexus

V6 engine and first e-motor/generator (MG1) run at the same speed. A CVT power split device couples combustion engine, MG1 and the second e-motor / generator (MG2). A new four-speed automatic transmission is then used to increase the total system torque and to increase fuel efficiency at high speed. MG1 is mainly used as generator and as actuator for the power split device. MG2 can support the combustion engine at any speed, due to the four speed transmission, which works without additional clutch or torque converter. New battery and simple second transmission offset the weight increase, compared to the previous hybrid technology Lexus LC500h 1- Energy & Efficiency

Diesel Alive


The emissions scandal cannot kill this technology. New engines have been introduced, with outstanding efficiency. However, Diesel-Hybrid might decline due to the total cost.

Audi 4.0 V8 TDI source Audi

Mercedes OM 654 source Daimler

Audi 4.0 V8 TDI – 320kW, 900Nm, 48V electric powered compressor + Bi-turbo. 7.4l / 100km in an Audi SQ7. First intro of the Audi valve lift system in a Diesel engine. Mercedes OM 654 – 2.0l, 4cyl. 143kW, 400Nm. 2.6 billion Euro investment. 80% reduction of NOx emission, improved fuel efficiency (3.9l /100km or 102g CO2 / km in an E-class). Mazda Skyactiv D 105 – 1.5l, 4cyl, 77kW, 270Nm. 3.8 l/100km or 99gCo2/km in an Mazda 3. Euro6 compliant, 50kg weight reduction compared to previous powertrain.

Mazda Skyactiv D 105 source Mazda 1- Energy & Efficiency

Lightweight and Drag Resistance


Evolutionary development. Dramatic weight reduction seems to be too expensive. Hybrids can recuperate energy, which might provide the better value equation overall. Reduction of drag resistance continues. BMW 7-series source BMW

Opel GT Concept

Opel GT Concept – weight below 1000kg, 0-100km/h in below 8s, 215km/h top speed with a 1.0l 3cyl 107kW engine. BMW 7 series – 130kg total weight save, using mixed material construction. CFRP in structural parts, aluminum and high strength steel. 40kg weight save in the body, without compromising NVH or stiffness. Renault Scenic – 8% reduction of the drag resistance (0.775 CdA vs 0.840 in previous model). Hyundai Ionic – underbody shielding, leading to Cd of 0.24. Mercedes E-class – Cd of 0.23, which will be hard to beat.

Renault Scenic

1- Energy & Efficiency

2 - Driver & Car


source EDAG

• Automated Driving • Driver Assistance • Human Machine Interaction • Connected Car • Reinvent the Wheel

source BMW

source Ford

Automated Driving


Non-OEM’s picked this up and presented inspiring concepts. This is probably the most dramatic change in automotive, not only for the car, but also for the driver. Rinspeed Etos Concept

Rinspeed Etos Concept source Rinspeed

EDAG Soulmate Concept source EDAG

Rinspeed Etos Concept – featuring an autopilot, a retractable steering wheel and a drone with integrated camera. The concept car is based on a BMW i8 and has been heavily customized. Curved 21.5 inch screens are integrated, in conjunction with eight HD exterior cameras. Of course there is also a decent audio equipment and the obligatory expensive watch. EDAG Soulmate Concept – The concept is the result of a cooperation between EDAG and Bosch. It demonstrates technical capability and indicates a potential disruption of the traditional value chain. EDAG delivered an open roof version of the 2015 concept car, using a skeleton structure, covered with fabric. Bosch delivered electronics and software. Connectivity is the overall theme. In addition, the HMI features various ways of interaction, e.g. gesture recognition, haptic feedback or speech recognition. 2 - Driver & Car

Driver Assistance


Continuous rollout safety of more driver assistance. Partial automation, driver assistance, active and advanced HMI technology seem to somehow merge. Audi Q2 source Audi

Volvo V90

Audi Q2 – virtual cockpit, head-up display, pre-sense, adaptive cruise control, traffic jam assist, lane change assist, park assist. Embedded SIM, sync of nav target (smartphone).

Nissan IDS Concept

Volvo V90 – large animal detection, pilot assist II, traffic jam assist with steering assist, run off road protection. All of this packed in a safety cage made of Swedish steel. Nissan IDS Concept – “together, we ride”, driver vehicle communication. Sensors continually monitor and assistance is available when needed. Automation in well defined situations possible. Toyota C-HR – Pre-Collision, Lane Dept Alert, Road Sign Assist, Automatic Highbeam, Adaptive Cruise Control. Audi SQ7 – 24 driver assist systems available. 2 - Driver & Car

Human Machine Interaction


Simplistic design, intuitive operation, powerful functionality: contradicting targets. New displays and multiple ways of operation (speech, touch, gesture) might be the solution.

VW T-Cross source VW

SsangYong SIV2 Concept source SsangYong

VW T-Cross Concept – virtual cockpit, “the future can do without switches” concept, touch sensitive surfaces, gesture recognition, air vents merge with the contours of the interior. SsangYong SIV2 Concept – simplicity, combined with latest IT technology. BMW Next 100 Concept – (introduced on 7th of March in Munich) Digital Companion to support the driver, intuitive and subtle, huge head up display, retractable steering (when autopilot is active), 800 tiny indicators in the dashboard support the communication to the driver. Mercedes E-Class – two 12.3 inch high resolution displays, touch control pads in the steering wheel, touch pad in the center console, speech recognition.

BMW Next 100 Concept source BMW

2 - Driver & Car

Connected Car


Software upgrades, better map data and navigation, more services. Continuous improvement and cascade of the functionality.

BMW Connected Drive

Mercedes V-Class

Mercedes V-Class – “Mercedes Me Connect” can be ordered for V-Class, starting in June. Access to stores, emergency call, accident recovery, tele diagnostics, real-time traffic service, vehicle tracker, remote locking and retrieval of vehicle status. BMW Connected Drive – On-Street Parking Information, using “big data” to calculate the likelihood of free parking space in urban areas. Automatic and free map updates. Real time traffic info, using GPS data from smartphones, taxis + vehicle fleets, road sensors and local traffic guidance systems. Ford Sync3 – (introduced at the world mobile congress in Barcelona) Voice control in 14 languages, which understands conversational language. Over air software updates. New apps. Real time traffic info. 2017 MY Jaguar XE – Now featuring InControl Touch Pro, 10.2 inch touch screen, Wifi hotspot and apps for wearables.

Ford Sync 3 source Ford

2 - Driver & Car

Reinvent the Wheel


Goodyear used 3D printing techniques to manufacture an interesting tyre prototype. However, the magnetic levitation is not yet implemented. Ideas are welcome.

Goodyear Eagle 360 Goodyear Eagle 360 source Goodyear

A spherical wheel is innovative, even if a few minor technical issues still need to be resolved until we can rely on the magnetic levitation. It would allow a number of compelling features such as: •

Different tyre profiles are available on demand

•

Lane change without yaw rotation of the vehicle

•

Vehicle rotation on the spot

•

Easy parking and more

The prototype features a multi-layer construction, including special foam, which might inspire conventional tire constructions. This would be useful on a mid-term timescale.

2 - Driver & Car

3 - Customer Value


source Citroen

source Ford

• Segments and Sizes • Appearance and Heritage • Personalization and Exclusivity • Practical Value • Excessive Prize and Performance • The Machine

source Bugatti

Segments and Sizes


Modern complexity management enables a higher flexibility with respect to the vehicle dimensions, without losing the effect of scale. Segments are now difficult to separate. Several introductions following the SUV theme.

Citroen Space Tourer source Citroen Seat Ateca source Seat

Citroen Space Tourer – shared platform with the Toyota Proace Verso and the Peugeot Traveller. Three versions available: 4.60m, 4.95m, 5.30m vehicle length. Wheelbase and rear overhang are varied to accomplish this. Seat Ateca – based on MQB. First SUV from Seat. 4.36m length. Full technology portfolio from VW. VW Phideon – in-official successor of the Phaeton, targeted for the Chinese market. Cooperation with SAIC Volkswagen. First VW which is based on the MLB. 4WD and air suspension available. Head up display, night vision, area view, ACC, park assist, lane assist, auto high beam and others. Using the Modular Infotainment Platform. Length 5.05m. Toyota C-HR – SUV using the TNGA (Toyota New Global Architecture). Length 4.35m. 4WD and Hybrid available.

VW Phideon source VW

3 - Customer Value

Appearance and Heritage


Again, heritage has been a big theme in 2016. Cars are not just transportation devices. Appearance and emotional appeal will continue to drive buying decisions. Alfa Romeo Giulia

Alfa Romeo Giulia – the first Giulia came out in 1962, with up to 82kW, a remarkably low Cd of 0.34 and an incredible top speed of 190km/h. The 2016 Giulia Quadrifoglio with 375kW 2.9-litre V6 BiTurbo engine runs even faster.

Aston Martin DB11

Porsche 718

Aston Martin DB11 – the famous DB5 came out in 1963, with engines up to 234kW. A famous movie made it the best known company car of the world. The DB11 uses a new V12 Bi-turbo with 447kW. Porsche 718 – the original 718 came out in 1957. It was extremely light (456-670kg) and therefore pretty fast, even with a moderate power of 176kW. The 718 Boxster is substantially heavier (1335-1385kg) and got a slightly stronger engine (257kW). 3 - Customer Value

Personalization and Exclusivity


A modern vehicle does already offer a lot of technology. Exclusive options can close the gap between affordable mass production car and expensive low volume luxury car.

Ford Edge Vignale source Ford

Renault Talisman Initiale Paris

Ford Vignale – offered for S-Max, Galaxy, Mondeo and Edge. Kuga Vignale shown as concept. Special colours, premium leather, tighter tolerances for fit and finish, premium customer experience throughout ownership. Renault Initiale Paris – available for Clio, Espace, Talisman. Unique design and comfort features. Premium quality, special customer services e.g. call center. Renault Talisman – featuring Multisense (R), with predefined settings + a personalization mode. Affecting damper settings, steering characteristics, transmission and seats. Skoda Vision S Concept– Bohemian crystal in many variations, reflecting the regional heritage of Skoda.

Skoda Vision S Concept

3 - Customer Value

Practical Value


Customer income varies substantially. Affordable mobility is essential for a modern society. Practical cars with a low cost of ownership might play a larger role in the future.

Renault Scenic Show Display

Fiat Tipo

Fiat Tipo – "You don't need much to get a lot“ is the slogan of the car. "Skills, no frills" has been mentioned as the development guideline. Family car, now also available as 5-door and wagon, starting at EUR 12,000. Renault Scenic – 4.41m long SUV. Focus on roominess and space utilization. Features such as sliding center console and convenience headrest. Smart Fortwo Cabrio – 16k€ for a cabrio. 2.695m long, 6.95m turing circle, 99g CO2/km.

Smart Fortwo Cabrio source Smart

3 - Customer Value

Excessive Prize and Performance


After a few moderate years, the Geneva Motor Show again featured cars with excessive prices and performance. Societal changes are reflected in the presented vehicle portfolio.

Bugatti Chiron source Bugatti

Koenigsegg Regera

Bugatti Chiron – 1.1 MW, W16, 1600Nm, 420km/h top speed, for just EUR 2.856 million. (EUR 200k deposit for the pre-order) Koenigsegg Regera – production version of the 2015 prototype with 1MW combustion engine, hybrid and no gearbox. Spinning wheels until 280km/h. Rolls Royce Black Badge – for those who want to go a bit slower, compared to the two cars above. However, 450kW and 840Nm should be ok for most of the driving situations.

Rolls Royce Black Badge source Rolls Royce

3 - Customer Value

The Machine


Maybe it is just an observation without deeper meaning. However, the strong appeal of concepts with “steam punk” type of construction could be a hint. Some customers might get confused by obstructed high tech and be delighted to see a driving machine.

Lazareth LM847

Toyota Kikai

Porsche 911R source Porsche

Morgan EV3

3 - Customer Value