A Case Study in Sizing Nanoparticles - Micromeritics
Recommend Documents
aim to size the 'project' entity from a Project Management viewpoint. It can be ... Keywords: Estimation, Function Points, Project Size Unit (PSU), Case Study,. Non-Functional ..... MS-Excel calculation sheet (traditional / agile projects);.
literature research on production planning concentrates principally on MTS systems. The MTO area has not ... management is to control the inventory at different entities while meeting ... challenges, Advance Planning and Scheduling (APS) were develop
Sep 15, 2010 - technique is not the best suited for particle sizing. A convenient ... The Fourier transform of the power time series is ... The PSD (scattered line) and the fitted Lorentzian line (smooth) for ..... microscopy.431.html. [37] Dr. Geral
D nm mean diameter of the Gaussian component of the PSD. Di nm particle diameters of discrete PSDs f. - ordinates of the PSD. G. - best position of the entire.
Surface area determinations involve creating the conditions required to ... DFT Plus density functional theory provides a method by which the total expanse of the.
Dec 31, 2014 - noble metal nanoparticles on the semiconductor surface, which can increase ..... Turkey) with a NaNO2 solution (1 M) in a thermostating jacket.
Apr 20, 2016 - resulting from the combination of renewable energy sources (RES), to supply power an ..... Maintenance of a technician and 1% of the.
Gas Adsorption Theory. Presented by ... Stage 1 in diagram below. Surface area ... density functional theory provides a method by which the total expanse of the.
Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration ... study as a research strategy, but leave most of the design
study as a research strategy, but leave most of the design decisions on the table.
This is ... Although case studies have become a common research strategy, the.
Aug 24, 2017 - Introduction: Research about student performance has traditionally considered ... over 0.8 and 2, they must be present in both sub-samples. ... shown us that learners of all ages have difficulties deploying key cognitive ..... Manual-M
Santa Ines del Monte and Santa Maria Vigallo were interviewed, and a factorial experiment on crop .... although there is little interest among young people to.
Nov 1, 2018 - patterns may help the agencies adjust route plans, provide ..... bus route/metro line used in commuter's last trip on the ..... 224â239, 2015.
MODELS. PERFORMANCE. FOR. BASELINE2âMORN-PARK. TWO. MODELS ... Sydney, Australia, The University of New. South Wales. Raquet, J. F. (1998).
[19] Miho, A., Kupe, L., Jaupaj, O., Karjalainen, S. M., Hellsten,. S., Pritzl, G. (2008)Overview of water quality of Albanian rivers, Book of papers, BALWOIS 2008, ...
1Faculty of Science, Department of Botany,. Charles .... We applied both phylogenetic and statistical analyses to numero
vibrations are expected since we know that the average kinetic energy (motion) of molecules is zero only at the temperat
divided by volume (g/cm3), density measurements guide the formulation ...
Envelope density (sometimes called the bulk density) is determined for porous.
integer mathematical model, and a two-phase solution approach is proposed. ... company practices and types of different transportation pricing schemes are ...
Technology and Multimedia at UNITEN. (ICIMU' 2008), Uniten, Editor. 2008: Selangor, Malaysia. p. 643-647. 15. Izam Shah, B., Perisian Pengembaraan.
districts in Nyanza (Homa Bay) and Coast province (Kwale, Mombasa). .... system. Health facilities include a district hospital (level 4 unit), health centres (level 3 units) and .... universities (e.g. UoN, Kenyatta University, Moi University, Aga Kh
1. , Samatchai Chamnongkich. 1. , Steve Casto. 1 and. Ormonde Mahoney ... those of Berman et al. (1991), who indicated that the TKR limb quadriceps strength ...
Several statistics topics such as probability, inference, variation, and measures of central tendency constitute the subject matter knowledge involved in the ...
A Case Study in Sizing Nanoparticles - Micromeritics
scattering method would provide good primary particle size information. Summary. The images above are the results from the analysis using the transmission.
A Case Study in Sizing Nanoparticles G. Thiele 1 , M. Poston 1 , R. Brown 2 1
Background Interest in nanoparticles has risen consistently and rapidly in recent years, but one problem has remained; what is the “best” way to determine the size of these materials? In other words, what is the particle size of my nano materials? In this study, we wanted to investigate what viable options were available to measure these types of materials. There are several techniques commercially available, but we choose to look only at dynamic light scattering (DLS), Microscopy (SEM or TEM), and finally a calculation of the average particle size from a BET surface area measurement.
Tantalum
TiSi2
Case Study Samples of nanoparticles were chosen from a variety of industries and were simply identified as Nickel, Carbon, Titanium di-silicide (TiSi2 ), and Tantalum. Samples were analyzed using a Micromeritics TriStar 3000 gas adsorption instrument which calculated a BET surface area. From this, an average particle diameter was calculated assuming nonporous spherical particles and a theoretical density of the individual materials. Without going through the entire derivation, the equation for calculating the average particle diameter in nanometers is 6000/(BET surface area in m2 /g) x (density in g/cm3). The BET surface area and the average particle size results are found in the table below. These samples were submitted to MVA Scientific Consultants for particle size analysis by TEM. Samples were also sent to various manufacturers of DLS instruments. Results varied with the energy applied in an attempt to disperse these samples. The results shown in the table below were obtained after sonicating for at least two hours prior to analysis.
Nickel Carbon The images above are the results from the analysis using the transmission electron microscopy technique (TEM).
Summary If the nanoparticles exist in a dry powder form and have formed aggregates such as the materials used in this study, then a reasonable primary particle size may be obtained by using either TEM or by calculating an average particle diameter using a measured BET surface area. It is important to point out that the difference observed between the calculated value from BET surface area and the TEM results is due to a small amount of surface being lost due to the primary particles forming aggregates.
If the aggregate particle size is preferred, a combination of microscopy or light scattering method, either dynamic or static light scattering, may be appropriate. So much energy is required to disperse the aggregate nanoparticle materials tested, that a primary particle size was not obtainable using DLS technique. If your particles are suspended in a stable solution and have not formed aggregates, either TEM or dynamic light scattering method would provide good primary particle size information.
The table below summarizes the results obtained from each technique. BET S. A. (m2/g) (Micromeritics Analytical Services)
Calculated Avg. Particle Size from BET
Mean Particle Size Diameter by Volume Measured using TEM (MVA Scientific Consultants)
