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The BE – MO – FA – project Potential of Moss Plants for Façade Greening Univ.Ass. DI. Dr.techn. Ulrich Pont 11.12.2015

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Content

Overview / Background Moss plants Idea Related Work / Projects involving Facade Greening / Moss Plants Our Approach & Monitoring Lessons Learned

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Moss Plants

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Moss Plants - Flowerless plants - Grow in dense green clumps or mats - Damp & shady locations. - Family of Bryophyta („non-vascular plant“) - Poikilhydric plants (non waterlevel-controlling)  special measures against drying out and evaporation (rolled leaves to reduce surface, special caps) - Temperatures: wide span, but growth between – 5 and 15-20 °C. High resistance against cold and hot environments („Stasis“ - „pioneer plants“ – can be reactivated, and even survive „Mixing“

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Moss Plants Lifecycle

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Idea Moss plants as potential facade greening? Typical greening approaches: #1 Climbing plants , for instance - Hedera helix, common ivy (Efeu) - Parthenocissus quinquefolia, virginia creeper ( wilder Wein, „Veitchii“)

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Idea #1 Climbing plants , for instance PRO: - Curtain like appearance - Season round leaves (ivy) - Very beautiful appearance (color) - Protective coat (rain, wind) - Temperature balancing - „Grafiti resistent“ - Water Drainage close to foundations CON: - Damage possible (lack of maintenance, wrong construction) - Growth direction (negative Phototropism) - Expensive

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Idea Moss plants as potential facade greening? Typical greening approaches: #2 Pots with plants (integrated in facade)

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Idea #2 Pots with plants PRO: - Different plants possible - Homgenic appearance CON: - Maintenance! - Inhomogenic appearence - Mostly seasonal - Expensive (additional structural load)

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Idea Moss plants as potential facade greening? Special greening approaches: often problematic due to water requirements

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Idea Moss plants as potential facade greening? Research project: Developement of Moss-bassed facade solutions: Examination of - Moss sorts - Substrats and water-storing materials - Materials for Paneels - Building construction details Aspects: - Year round green - Stable and long-lifeable - Inextensive maintenance - Non-expensive / Low cost

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Related work - Munich Re- Insurance

Permanent Water film

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Related work - Reykjavik, Iceland (City Hall)

Basaltwall, permanent waterflow

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Related work - City Tree

Advertisment wall | Moss-based plants, PV-based waterpumps for humidification

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Related work - Moss-Wall – City-Mobiliar / Oslo

Substrate and water tanks need to be refilled time by time

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Our approach -

Different paneels and construction solutions Different substrates Different waterstorage materials („Pampers“) Different moss plants

- pH-measuring - Monitoring (Weather station, photographs) - BEMOFA Project (FFG - Grant: 845231) Partner: - University of Vienna, Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetration Ecology, and Landscape Ecology. (H. Zechmeister, J. Gätz) - HBLFA Schönbrunn (S. Schmidt) TU-Team: E. Heiduk, A. Mahdavi, U. Pont, M. Schuss, D. Wolosiuk, A. Wurm

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Our approach

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Lessons Learned

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Lessons Learned

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Lessons Learned

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Lessons Learned

Clay

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Lessons Learned Clay

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Lessons Learned Ready-Made Panels (Acoustical Dampening Panels)

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Lessons Learned Lessons Learned: - In Principle the construction apporach does work - Problems with formstability and plant humidification - Further research / Long term monitoring necessary / ongoing - Mineral Materials and Clay substrate is performing best - Other materials (Aluminium panels, etc) do not perform very good - Crucial: Substrate mounting

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The BE – MO – FA – project Potential of Moss Plants for Façade Greening Univ.Ass. DI. Dr.techn. Ulrich Pont 11.12.2015

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