15th International ISKO Conference 9-11 July 2018 Porto, Portugal
A conceptual model for an OWL ontology to represent the knowledge of transmedia storytelling Juan-Antonio Pastor-Sánchez -
[email protected] University of Murcia (Spain)
Tomás Saorín Pérez –
[email protected] University of Murcia (Spain)
About Transmedia Storytelling
Related contents within a narrative universe.
Diversity of platforms and media.
Participation and collaboration of users in the creation of content.
Essential in the development of fiction franchises.
Complex arguments that can be consumed by users freely through multiple content, media and platforms.
Audiovisual objects, digital content, events in the real world, literature, comics, videogames, merchandising, etc.
Tradicional Storytelling vs Transmedia Storytelling Book
Film
Videogame
Tradicional franchise
Whole is less than the sum of the parts: dissatisfying conclusion to consuming all media.
Book
Based on Robert Pratten
Film
Videogame
Transmedia franchise
The contents are integrated with each other to improve the consumption experience. The key is to define, into a coherent and detailed way, the relationships that connect the contents.
Research objectives
Develop a conceptual model for the representation of transmedia narratives. Define an OWL ontology, Creation of datasets to represent narrative universes.
Applications
Semantically interoperable tools to assist in the creation of transmedia narratives. Information retrieval of fiction content. Content recommendation systems. Visualization of narrative universes. Enrichment of other data sets: Wikidata, Dbpedia, etc.
Methodology (until now)
Review transmedia narrative fundamentals. Identification of elements and relationships. Development and testing of the conceptual model. Creation, testing (small datasets representing part of the Marvel and Walking deads Universes) and documentation of the ontology.
Conceptual Model D-1: Resources
"Resource" represents a “Creative Work” (TV serie, book, comic, website, document...) or an “Event” (theatrical performances, exhibitions, festivals...) Resources can be classified by categories and associated with specific contexts, such as a franchise or narrative universe. The model allows to define associative or part-whole relationships. The organization of serials (TV, Comics, etc) is represented by the sub-entities "Series", "Season" and "Episode". The conceptual model represents the narrative relationships and transmedia methods with “storytelling” relation (based on Jung and O-Joun, 2017). This relationship can be specialized in more specific ones.
Conceptual Model D-2: Users interaction
"User" entity identifies individual users that can be organized into groups or communities ("User Group"). "Participation" links users with resources in various ways. The type of participation is defined with the "have participation type" relationship and the entity "Participation Type". This mechanism allows to indicate when a user makes comments, evaluations, suggestions, collaborations or is a spectator of an event or consumes a content only. The model allows to define routes or itineraries to consume resources. The user could make a selection of resources to start exploring a narrative universe and establish multiple paths of visualization or use itineraries pre-established by the publishers.
Conceptual Model D-3: Agents, cast and contributions
An agent is any person or organization, real or fictitious, that forms part of the argument or participates in its creation The model proposes four types of agents: “Person”, “Group”, "Character and "FictionalGroup". Individual agents are grouped using the "has member". Hierarchies can be defined among group agents with "has subgroup". "Contribution" defines the contributions of people based on the function (role). "Cast" allows to conect the character and the actor that interprets it. It is possible to define relationships between agents that can be used to define kinship ties, professionals, etc. between different agents.
Ontology
An OWL ontology has been developed from the conceptual model. - 33 classes. - 111 object properties. - 23 data properties.
After testing, it was decided to use SKOS to represent types of individuals, lists of terms and controlled vocabularies: greater flexibility and less complexity of the class structure. Avalaible at http://purl.org/umu/tso/ documentation at http://skos.um.es/TR/tso/
What next
Create datasets to represent in detail universes of transmedia narratives. Mapping the conceptual model and the ontology (FRBR, FoaF, Dbpedia, etc.) Visualizations of transmedia narratives using RDF datasets. Systems of comparison of narrative universes. Study new recommendation techniques for content consumption. Semantic Description of Sequences (Fragments).
References
EBU (2017). Tech 3293: EBU Core Metadata Set (EBUCore) specification v. 1.7 https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3293.pdf Edmond, Maura (2014). All platforms considered: Contemporary radio and transmedia engagement. New Media & Society, 17(9), 15661582. Jenkins, Henry (2011). Transmedia 202: Further Reflections. http://henryjenkins.org/2011/08/defining_transme dia_further_re.html Jung, Jai E.; O-Joun, Lee (2017). A computational model of transmedia ecosystem for story-based contents. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-3626-5 Scolari, Carlos Alberto (2009). Transmedia Storytelling: Implicit Consumers http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/477 Urakawa, Makoto y otros (2016). A study about integrating video contents with web services based on the RDF. http://doi.org/10.1504/IJSSC.2016.077965
Thank you for your attention Any questions?
