A Creation of Multimedia Lesson in Computer Course with Augmented Reality Technology on the Topic “Computer in Daily Life” for Mathayom Suksa 1 Students Asst. Prof. Dr.Surapon Boonlue 1, a*, Dr.Prapassorn Wongdee1, b, Polarat Luksaneeyanawin1, c, Atitaya Boonkert1, d 1
Department of Educational Communication and Technology
King Mongkut's University Of Technology Thonburi Thailand a*
[email protected], b
[email protected], C
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract The research aimed to 1) create and study the quality of multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer Using in Daily Life” 2) study the learning achievement of the students, and evaluate the satisfaction of the students. The research instruments were 1) multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer Using in Daily Life” for Mathayom Suksa 1 students, 2) evaluation form of quality on multimedia and content, 3) learning achievement test, and 4) evaluation form of satisfaction for the students. The 30 samples were Mathayom Suksa 1 students of Vasudevi School, academic year 2014 derived from simple random sampling. Three experts evaluated the quality of multimedia lesson; the quality of multimedia lesson on content was at the level of “good” (mean = 4.25, S.D. = 0.31), and the quality of multimedia lesson on multimedia was at the level of “good” (mean = 4.41, S.D. = 0.69). The posttest score was significantly higher than pretest score at the level of .05. The satisfaction of the students who studied with multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer Using in Daily Life” was at the level of “most” (mean = 4.75, S.D. = 0.46). This research can be concluded that multimedia lesson using augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer Using in Daily Life” for Mathayom Suksa 1 students gained the good quality and can be used in real situation. Keywords: Augmented Reality (AR) Technology / Daily Computer Using / Vasudevi School 1. Rationale Education is the tool of human development as human take valuable role in Thai society to gain the quality and the desired characteristic, live happily in society which sharply progress and change. Education is to be the potential to drive or adapt human beyond the change currency all the time of national and global society. [1] National Education Act, B.E. 2542 (1999) aimed to develop Thai people to gain completely in physical, mind, intellectual, knowledge, moral, ethics and culture to live individually and live with others happily. The educational management aims to develop
learning capability and develop oneself, and use the student centered approach. So the education management enhances the learners to develop naturally and fully potential. [2] From the expected learning achievement in an course, the purpose is to practice the learners’ skill and gain knowledge. In a course of computer for grade 7 students, the researcher as a teacher who teach a computer course on the topic of computer using in daily life in unit 4, aimed to develop the learners to be able to use computer worthily, and gain the good level of learning achievement. In the past, the instructional management of computer, the researcher as a teacher taught by showing the examples via the screen or monitor and let the students to do after for practice computer work. The problem found in learning management was that some of the students can not follow the practical lesson. The teacher had to ignore few of the students who cannot follow and the students who can follow the practical lesson but they did not completely understand. Most of the teachers used the lecture technique for delivering knowledge via the computer projector. The learning objectives were not accomplished as desired, and the learning achievement of the learners is lower than the criteria. So the research tried to develop the learning management by using the instructional media. The instructional media is very important to provide experience to the learners, to deliver knowledge, understanding, attitude and learning situation to the learners including the thinking skill potential. In addition, the instructional media at present can stimulate the students to search more information as a learning seeker by themselves. [3] The selection of instructional media in learning management should be varied and natural. The instructional media in form of printed materials, technological media is to help the learners to pay attention in the lesson, stimulate the learners to think, to create knowledge and easy understanding. The students who have different level of ability should gain knowledge or learning objectives. The instructional media should also save time and help change the abstract to concrete, and retain the long term knowledge. Moreover, the instructional media should enhance the creativity and good attitude to the leaners. [4] At present, the use of technology is widely used in educational management. The students are able to learn in any situation from the creation of teachers or other people. The learning is not only in the classroom, the students can learn from varieties of learning resources. The teachers should develop the modernized instructional media and stimulate the students to eager to learn. Kidanan Malithong [5] mentioned on the learning management nowadays that widely used multimedia and acceptable to use for developing higher learning achievement and satisfy the learners. The multimedia making process has to be inspected by experts. The learning theories and instructional technique are mixed to design the multimedia with appropriate content for the leaners. The instructional media can enhance the critical thinking in the right way, get advantages to the learners to think, make decision, and solve problem. The research review on multimedia found the use of fantastic pictures, animation to stimulate the learners, and the learners can control and review learning content by themselves to gain more learning achievement. [6] In addition, the use of multimedia to develop instruction in form of augmented reality: AR, can change the text to lively and interesting media. The augmented reality technology uses still pictures, animation to create a modernized and interesting media. This harmonized to the research of Nattama Chaiworayothin on a development of electronic book on the topic “ASEAN national Art Performance” using Aurasma technologyfor Grade 7 students of Joseph Uppatham School, academic year 2013. The quality and efficiency of electronic book was at the level of ‘very good’ and the posttest learning achievement was significantly higher than the pretest at the level of .05 and the satisfaction of electronic book was at the level of ‘most’. The technology of augmented reality can help the learners to gain more understanding the lesson than the normal reading book. Prayat Jiraworaphong [7] mentioned in academic article on augmented reality: AR that can be used directly and indirectly in real situation. The component of computer technology and augmented reality technology are related to the real situation and can be concluded that augmented reality; the virtual media is the real media that can help the learners to understand amazingly by computer. As the reason mentioned above, the researcher is interested in creating a multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students to develop the learning achievement of the students, to make lesson more interesting, and to use computer worthily.
2. Research Objectives 1) to create and study the quality of multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer Using in Daily Life” 2) to study the learning achievement of the students 3) to evaluate the satisfaction of the students. 3. Research Hypothesis 1) A multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students gained the quality on content and media at the level of “good” 2) The learning achievement of the students who studied via a multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students was significantly higher at the level of .05 3) The learners satisfied a multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students at the level of “much”
4. Research Expectation 1) A multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students would be the examples of media development in other subjects 2) The research helped the teachers to gain the quality and modern media for teaching and the students gained the attention to learn more. 3) The learners gained more skill of using computer. 5. Research Limitation 1) Population The population of the research was 60 of grade 7 students of Vasudevi School, academic year 2014. 2) Samples The 30 samples were grade 7 students of Vasudevi School, academic year 2014, derived from simple random sampling. 3) Variable 1. Independent variables – a multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students 2. Dependent variable 1.1 The quality of a multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students 1.2 The learning achievement of the students who studied via a multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students 1.3 The satisfaction of the students who studied via a multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students 6. Research instruments 1) Tools for research 1.1 A multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students 1.2 The evaluation form of quality on multimedia and content
1.3 The learning achievement test for pretest and posttest, 20 items each with multiple choice 1.4 The evaluation form of students’ satisfaction to the multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students 2) Data Collection 2.1 The quality of multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology was evaluated by experts on multimedia and content approach to gain the criteria. 2.2 Introduce the lesson use to the students to know and understand the steps of learning via multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology 2.3 The samples was evaluated the pretest to know the basic knowledge, record the score of the samples. 2.4 The multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology was used (Treatment) with the samples. 2.5 The samples was evaluated the posttest after the treatment was finished to know the learning achievement of the samples, record the score of the samples. 2.6 The samples was evaluated the satisfaction to the multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology.
7. Research Findings 1) The multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students contained 13 pages using smart phone or tablet by Aurasma application, scanning pictures in the learning topic and video lesson for learning. The multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students was evaluated the quality by experts on content and multimedia approach. The evaluation revealed that the quality of multimedia lesson on content was at the level of “good” (x̅ = 4.25, S.D. = 0.31) and the quality of multimedia lesson on multimedia was at the level of “good” (x̅ = 4.41, S.D. = 0.69). 2) The learning achievement of the students who studied via multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students found that the mean score of pretest was at 7.93 and the posttest score was at 13.20. The data analysis found that the learning achievement was significantly higher at the level of .05. (t = 11.849 *) 3) The satisfaction of the students who studied via multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students was at the level of “most” (x̅ = 4.75, S.D. = 0.02) 8. Discussion 1) From the finding on the quality of the multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology, the experts evaluated the quality on content at the level of “good” (x ̅ = 4.25, S.D. = 0.31). This might be caused by the content was correct and clearly transferred. The experts evaluated the quality on multimedia at the level of “good” also. (x ̅ = 4.41, S.D. = 0.69) This might be the modernized characteristic of the multimedia lesson. The design of the multimedia lesson was interesting and easy to understand. This research was harmonized to the research of Nattama Chaiworayothin which studied about the Aurasma technology in electronic book on the
topic “ASEAN National Art Performance” and the research findind was that the quality and the efficiency of the media was at the level of “very good”. [8] 2) The learning achievement of the students who studied via the multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students was significantly higher at the level of .05. This was harmonized to the hypothesis. The finding was harmonized to the research of Benjawan Promchan who studied the creation of augmented reality media using cooperative learning to enhance learning achievement of the students on the topic “Flowers, Capital, and National food of ASEAN members” for grade 1 students. The finding was that the learning achievement was significantly higher at the level of .05. [9] This was caused by the multimedia using augmented reality technology stimulated the students to search information, study the misunderstanding lesson and studied to gain knowledge. Even the mean score of the pretest and posttest was not so different. This might be the fatigue of the students from the school activity. The sport activity during the experiment might affect to the learning achievement of the students. This intervene variable might affect the research finding on learning achievement. 3. The evaluation on satisfaction of the students who studied via the multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students found that the satisfaction of the students was at the level of “most”. (x ̅ = 4.75, S.D. = 0.02) The finding was caused by the learners gained knowledge more and it was the challenge of the students with different level of intelligence had the opportunity to learn as much as they are able to learn. The students who needed more knowledge could study more as they needed. The multimedia was modernized and stimulated to learn with fun. The atmosphere of learning was positive. Moreover, the technology of smart phone or tablet made the students learned with fun. The finding was harmonized to the research of Piyabhorn Nuanjaroen that studied a learning package using virtual technology using technique of memory help to enhance reading skill on the topic “Final Consonant” for grade 2 students. The finding was that the students satisfied the learning package at the level of “most”. (x ̅ = 4.68, S.D. = 0.47) [10] 9. Research Suggestion From the research of creating the multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students, the researcher suggest for the research application and to further research as follow: 9.1 Research suggestion for researchiiitpcilppa 1) The instruction using multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students can be applied for creating the other content or subject to solve problem of learning for different ability of the students. 2) The video file of multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life” for grade 7 students should be shortened to suit the learning time of the students. This is to consider the important content in the media. 9.2 Suggestion for further research The development of instructional media with augmented reality technology (AR) should adapt the interactive function in the multimedia such as the interactive sound to response the learners.
10. References [1] Wattanaporn Ra-ngubtook, 1998, A Student-Centered Approach in Learning Management, Love and Lift Press, Bangkok, p1. [2] Pongphan Kerdpitak, 2000, Strategy of learning and Teenagers’ Education, Department of Guidance and Educational Psychology, Srinakarinwirot Prasarnmitr University, Bangkok, p.5. [3] Ministry of Education, Department of Academic, 2008, Document for Core Curriculum of Basic Education Commission 2008, Thailand Agriculture Cooperation Press, Bangkok, p.3. [4] Yupin Pipitkul, and Oraphan Tanbanchong, 1988, Mathematic Instruction Media, Royal Institute, Aksorn Jaroebtat, p. 17-18. [5] Kidanan Malithong, 2000, Educational Technology and Innovation, 2nd edition, Chulalongkorn University Press, Bangkok, p. 103. [6] Pachon Rung-aroonlert, 2008, The result of using multimedia to the learning achievement and computer project work doing of grade 12 students of Kongthong Withaya School, A dependent study for Master of Education (Educational Technology), Silpakorn University, p. 2. [7] Prayat Jiraworaphong, 2010, “Virtual Technology”, Journal of Education Naresuan University, 12(3), p. 190. [8] Sirchai Pongwichai, 2008, Data Analysis by Computer, Chulalongkorn University Press, Bangkok, p. 141. [9] Puangrat Taweerat, 1997, Research Methodology in Behavioral and Social Science, 7th edition, Chulalongkorn University Press, Bangkok, p. 65. [10] Nongkran Srisa-ard, 2013, A Development of Learning Environment with Virtual Technology Using Inquiry Learning to Enhance Scientific Skill on the Topic “Solar System” for Grade 4 Students. Thesis for Master of Industrial Education, Faculty of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, p.117-118.
11. APPENDIX
Fig. 1 the use of multimedia lesson
Fig. 2 the content of filing and changing icon of file
Fig. 3 Grade 7 students of Vasudevi School were studying with multimedia lesson in computer course with augmented reality technology on the topic “Computer in Daily Life”
