A revision of the genus Notodascillus Carter

Zootaxa 3613 (3): 245–256 www.mapress.com / zootaxa / Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press

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Article

ZOOTAXA ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)

http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3613.3.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E34220A4-1B4E-45E1-9FF7-D97801161046

A revision of the genus Notodascillus Carter (Coleoptera: Dascillidae) ZHENYU JIN1, 2, ADAM ŚLIPIŃSKI2 & HONG PANG1 1

State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2 CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australian National Insect Collection, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract The Australian species of Notodascillus Carter are revised based on examination of available type material and extensive collections. Three very closely related species have been recognised: N. brevicornis (Macleay), N. sublineatus Carter and N. iviei sp. n. Detailed generic and species descriptions, key to the species and distribution data are provided. Key words: Coleoptera, Dascillidae, taxonomy, new species, Australia

Introduction Dascillidae are a small and rarely studied family that, jointly with the Rhipiceridae, form the superfamily Dascilloidea among the polyphagan beetles. In the past Dascillidae were defined very broadly and included taxa now recognized as families (e.g., Artematopodidae, Cneoglossidae, Eulichadidae, Brachypsectridae, Psephenidae and Scirtidae) or taxa now placed within other families (e.g., Platydascillinae and Haematoides Fairmaire to Byturidae, Singularodaemon Pic to Ptilodactylidae, Pseudokarumia Pic to Telegeusidae, Cydistus to Phengodidae incertae sedis, etc.) (Pic 1914; Crowson 1971; Lawrence 2005). Dascillidae include 9 currently recognized genera (Lawrence 2005, Ivie and Barclay 2011) and about 80 described species divided into two poorly defined subfamilies—a free-living Dascillinae and variously morphologically modified Karumiinae, some of which are apparently associated with subterranean termites. Karumiinae are known from arid and semi-arid regions of western North America, Mexico, Africa, central Asia and temperate South America while Dascillinae inhabit mostly forested areas of the Northern Hemisphere and Australia (Lawrence 2005). The current subfamilial and generic classifications are in need of review, and there remain many undescribed species. The biology and immature stages of the dascillids are practically unknown (Lawrence 2005). Adults of Dascillus Latreille are often collected on foliage or flowers while known larvae of Dascillus and Notodascillus (Lawrence 1991, 2005; Grebennikov and Scholtz 2004) are soil dwelling and may feed on roots. The genus Notodascillus Carter is the only member of the family Dascillidae in Australia and includes three cryptic species found in higher elevations of the Great Dividing Range along the eastern coast of the continent from north of Newcastle in New South Wales to south of Rockhampton in Queensland. Carter (1935) described Notodascillus for Dascillus brevicornis Macleay and his new species N. sublineatus. He distinguished Notodascillus from Dascillus by its serrate antennae and subulate or ovoid palps. Although Carter’s diagnostic characters are notoriously variable and do not sufficiently distinguish these genera, we believe they are very distinct based on pronotal and genital characters discussed in the diagnosis below. The exact composition of Dascillus and other genera of Dascillinae, including Notodascillus, is uncertain at the moment, pending generic revision of the family Dascillidae by M.A. Ivie (in preparation).

Accepted by M. Gimmel: 17 Dec. 2012; published: 11 Feb. 2013

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Material and methods The current revision was based on the examination of specimens from the following institutions: AM ANIC BPBM BMNH CMNC MAIC QM QDPC

Australian Museum, Sydney (Derek Smith); Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra; Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii (Sheperd Myers); The Natural History Museum, London (Max Barclay); Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa (Patrice Bouchard); Michael A. Ivie Collection, Bozeman, Montana; Queensland Museum, Brisbane (Geoff Monteith, Federica Turco); Queensland Primary Industries Insects Collection, Brisbane (Justin Bartlett).

Morphology and nomenclature of morphological structures in Dascillidae follow Lawrence (2005) and those of beetles in general, including wing venation, follow Kukalová-Peck & Lawrence (1993, 2004) and Lawrence at al. (2011). The photographs of entire beetles were made using Visionary Digital BK-Plus Lab System; source images were then aligned and stacked in Zerene Stacker v. 1.02 to obtain a fully sharpened image. The distribution map for the species of Notodascillus was made with the program Biolink. Entire beetles or abdomens of many males and females were cleared in 10% KOH, dissected, examined and photographed in open glycerol slides. The structures in glycerol were photographed using a Nikon DS-Fi1 digital camera mounted on a Leica M205 C microscope. Composite images were generated using Syncroscopy Auto-Montage Pro software (version 4.00) and enhanced in Adobe Photoshop CS5. Measurements were made as follows: body length – apical edge of pronotum to apex of elytra; body width (also as elytral width) – elytra at widest point; pronotal length – median line from anterior margin to posterior margin; pronotal width – across widest point; scutellar length – median line from basal margin to apex; scutellar width – across widest part; elytral length – base of scutellum to elytral apex along suture.

Taxonomy Notodascillus Carter Notodascillus Carter, 1935: 186, Type species, original designation: Dascillus brevicornis Macleay, 1872.

Diagnosis. The members of this genus are easily distinguished from all similar Australian beetles by a combination of their long and serrate antennae (Figs. 26–28), 5-segmented tarsi bearing divided membranous lobes, hind coxae with coxal plates, and large, exposed pro- and mesotrochantins (Figs. 20–22). Notodascillus differs from Dascillus cervinus (Linnaeus), the type species of Dascillus, in having a distinctly crenulate posterior margin of pronotum (Figs. 8, 11), a very long ovipositor (Fig. 29) and male genitalia with the phallobase of the tegmen about as long as or only slightly shorter than the parameres (Figs. 32–34, 39–41, 46–48). In D. cervinus the posterior pronotal margin is smooth, the ovipositor strongly reduced and without baculi, and the parameres distinctly longer than the basal piece of the aedeagus. The remainder of species currently placed in Dascillus and other genera exhibit a wide array of character states, but none have the combination given above for Notodascillus. Description. Length 6–14 mm, females usually larger than males. Body elongate, about 2.4–2.9 times as long as wide, weakly convex; brown or dark brown, upper surfaces matt, densely clothed with short decumbent setae. Head (Figs. 1–3) subquadrate, slightly declined. Eyes large, entire, finely facetted, moderately protuberant and transversely oval in cross-section. Antennal insertions exposed, widely separated, not borne on raised tubercles. Subantennal grooves absent. Frontoclypeal suture distinctly impressed, straight; clypeus short, truncate anteriorly. Gular sutures incomplete anteriorly, widely separated; corpotentorium laminate, broad, anterior arms narrowly separated at base, not expanded mesally. Cervical sclerites well-developed. Labrum visible, free, slightly transverse, trapezoidal; distinctly sclerotised and setose at base, membranous anteriorly. Antenna (Figs. 26–28) 11-segmented, antennomeres serrate beginning on antennomere 3 (weakly serrate in female), in males reaching posteriorly to middle of elytra, in female usually shorter, reaching posterior margin of

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pronotum; scape robust, about 1.6–1.8 times as long as pedicel; terminal antennomere rounded at apex and distinctly longer than penultimate. Mandible (Fig. 6) short and broad, strongly and abruptly curved mesally, without deciduous apical cusps, unidentate apically, external surface setose; incisor edge with two or rarely single tooth; mola and prostheca absent. Maxillary (Fig. 4) lobes well developed; apex of galea densely pubescent and bilobed; lacinia without hooks or teeth; apical maxillary palpomere fusiform or parallel-sided and truncate apically. Apical labial palpomere (Fig. 5) fusiform; mentum trapezoidal, emarginate anteriorly; ligula membranous, deeply bilobed and longer than palpomere 1. Prothorax (Figs. 8, 11) trapezoidal, transverse, about 0.5–0.7 times as long as wide; sides straight or weakly arcuate; lateral carinae complete, simple with narrow margin but without distinct bead; anterior angles obtuse, posterior angles blunt or weakly acute; posterior edge tri-emarginate and finely crenulate; disc moderately convex, coarsely and densely punctate. Prosternum (Figs. 9, 12) in front of coxa as long as longitudinal mid-coxal diameter; prosternal process entirely separating procoxae, slightly elevated, very narrow and pointed apically. Notosternal suture complete. Procoxae strongly projecting below prosternum. Procoxal cavities strongly transverse, narrowly separated and broadly open externally and internally; protrochantin exposed. Scutellar shield (Fig. 13) distinctly elevated, simple anteriorly, rounded posteriorly; densely setose. Elytra taken together 1.8–2.4 times as long as wide and 3.8–5.2 times as long as pronotum; weakly convex, relatively straight and gradually narrowing in apical third; apices weakly prominent; lateral margins narrow with distinct bead, entirely visible from above; elytral punctures very fine, in 12 rows; scutellary striole absent; elytral intervals flat; alternate intervals often with denser setae forming whitish longitudinal lines; epipleuron complete. Mesoventrite (Fig. 10) broad anteriorly, separated from mesepisterna by complete sutures; anterior edge medially on the same plane as metaventrite, forming triangular projection laterally bordered by declined and oblique procoxal rests. Mesoventral process very narrow and divided, extending at least to middle of mesocoxal cavity; meso-metaventral junction monocondylic. Mesocoxal cavities separated by 0.2–0.3 coxal diameter; open laterally, closed by mesepimeron. Mesocoxae not projecting, mesotrochantin exposed. Metaventrite (Fig. 10) as long as wide, moderately convex; discrimen incomplete anteriorly; transverse, katepisternal suture complete; exposed portion of metanepisternum long and broad; metepimeron exposed. Metacoxae contiguous, extending laterally to meet elytra; metacoxal plates well developed. Hind wing (Fig. 7) about 2.0–2.4 times as long as wide; radial cell 1.8–2.2 times as long as wide, not forming equilateral triangle, pigmented, inner posterior angle right or obtuse; cross-vein r3 very short and longitudinally oriented; apical field about 0.20–0.35 times total wing length with pigment patches around apical folds and r4, plus RP vein remnants; medial field with five free veins and MP3 often detached at base; wedge cell well-developed, apically acute; anal lobe well-developed, anal notch absent; AP divided, with posterior branch meeting basal wing margin. Legs (Figs. 20–22) slender, similar in shape, covered with setae; femur elongate and linear, about as long as tibia in fore- and mid-legs while obviously shorter than tibia in hind legs; tibia with external dorsal side spinose; spurs paired, serrate. Tarsi 5-5-5 in both sexes; membranous ventral lobes present on tarsomeres 1–4, at least distal 3 divided; claws simple; empodium absent. Abdomen (Figs. 14–19) with five ventrites, ventrites 1 and 2 of similar lengths, connate; ventrites uniformly, densely pubescent with glabrous spots on each side; apex of ventrite 5 apex sexually dimorphic, prominent and narrowing apically in males (Figs. 14, 16, 18), rounded or truncate in females (Figs. 15, 17, 19); intercoxal process very narrow. Sternite IX (Figs. 35, 42, 49) apically rounded and emarginate at base as well as bearing uniformly short setae in middle and apical part; posterior edge of tergite IX straight or obtuse; tergite X distinctly longer than tergite IX; apex of tergite X broadly rounded (Figs. 36, 43, 50). Male genitalia (Figs. 32–34, 39–41, 46–48) trilobate, symmetrical; phallobase without struts, with median endocarina and base almost in a straight line; parameres articulated, more or less the same length as phallobase, apices somewhat rounded, apical third with sparse hairs and not upturned in inner margin of apical part. Penis with longer dorsal and shorter ventral lobes, ventral lobe slender and obtuse at apex; anterior edge of penis with short paired struts.

REVISION OF THE GENUS NOTODASCILLUS CARTER

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FIGURES 1–7. Notodascillus brevicornis (Macleay). (1) head, dorsal; (2) head, ventral; (3) head, lateral; (4) maxillae; (5) labium; (6) mandibles; (7) hind wing.


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FIGURES 8–22. Notodascillus species: (8–10, 13, 14–15, 20–22) N. brevicornis (Macleay); (11–12, 16–17) Notodascillus sublineatus Carter; (18–19) Notodascillus iviei sp. n. (8, 11) prothorax; (9, 12) prosternum; (10) meso–metathorax; (13) scutellum; (14, 16, 18) abdomen of male; (15, 17, 19) abdomen of female; (20) fore leg; (21) mid leg; (22) hind leg.



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FIGURES 23–36. Notodascillus species: (23, 26, 29–36) N. brevicornis (Macleay); (25, 27) N. sublineatus Carter; (24, 28) N. iviei sp. n. (23–25) male abdominal ventrite 5, lateral view; (26–28) antennae; (29) ovipositor; (30) body of female dorsal view; (31) body of male dorsal view; (32) aedeagus ventral view; (33) aedeagus dorsal view; (34) aedeagus lateral view; (35) sternite IX; (36) tergite X–XI.


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FIGURES 37–50. Notodascillus species: (37–43) N. sublineatus Carter; (44–50) N. iviei sp. n. (37, 44) body of female dorsal view; (38, 45) body of male dorsal view; (39, 46) aedeagus ventral view; (40, 47) aedeagus dorsal view; (41, 48) aedeagus lateral view; (42, 49) sternite IX; (43, 50) tergite X–XI.

Ovipositor (Fig. 29) very long and slender, lightly sclerotized except for baculi, paraprocts about 3 times as long as gonocoxites, which are undivided with longitudinal baculi slightly oblique at base; gonostyli welldeveloped and terminal.



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Key to the species of Notodascillus 1. 2. -

Antennomere 3 long, 3–4 X as long as 2 and at least 1.2 X as long as 4 (Fig. 26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N. brevicornis Antennomere 3 shorter, 1–2.5 X as long as 2 and less than 1.2 X as long as 4 (Figs. 27, 28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Antennomere 3 slightly longer than 4 (Fig. 28); vertex with V-shaped ridge; pronotum widest just before base, wider across base than apex (Figs. 44–45); male ventrite 5 with posterior margin evenly bisinuate (Figs.18, 24) . . . . . . . . . . .N. iviei sp. n. Antennomere 3 obviously shorter than 4 (Fig. 27); vertex flat or with weak V-shaped ridge; pronotum widest near middle, lateral sides evenly curved from base to apex (Fig. 11); male ventrite 5 with projecting, tricornate posterior margin (Fig. 16, 25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N. sublineatus

Notodascillus brevicornis (Macleay) (Figs 1–10, 13, 14–15, 20–23, 26, 29–36, 51) Dascillus brevicornis Macleay, 1872: 313. Notodascillus brevicornis: Carter, 1935: 186.

Diagnosis. N. brevicornis is easily distinguished from the two remaining Australian species in having a strongly elongate antennomere 3 that is distinctly longer than 4 (Fig. 26). Description. Male. Length 6.7–8.5 mm, width 2.6–3.3 mm. Body (Fig. 31) narrowly elongate, 2.5–2.6 times longer than broad. Head black or dark brown, remaining body parts brown. Upper surfaces matt, densely clothed in short and inclined, apically pointed setae. Head, pronotal and elytral setae mixed dark brown and yellow, elytral setae denser on alternate intervals and forming longitudinal stripes, venter covered by whitish dense pubescence. Head. Vertex with V-shaped ridge. Antennae serrate, short, reaching middle of elytra. Antennomere 3 parallelsided or weakly expanded apically, 1.7–2.0 times as long as broad, 1.2–1.3 times as long as antennomere 4; terminal antennomere distinctly longer than penultimate. Pronotum 0.6–0.7 times as long as wide, widest just before base, sides from about middle more strongly converging anteriorly than posteriorly. Lateral margins narrowly explanate without marginal bead, edge smooth and without distinct fringe of setae, anterior angles obtuse, posterior margin distinctly crenulate. Disc moderately convex, punctation coarse and dense. Pterothorax. Scutellum 0.9–1.0 times as long as wide, distinctly pointed apically. Elytra moderately convex, taken together 1.9–2.3 times as long as wide, 4.2–4.3 times as long as pronotum, sides relatively straight, gradually narrowing in apical third, apices weakly prominent; lateral margins narrow with distinct bead, entirely visible from above. Abdominal ventrites with glabrous spots on each side; ventrite 5 distinctly projected medially, 0.6–0.7 times as long as wide, 2.0–2.6 times as long as ventrite 4. Sternite IX apically rounded, at base emarginate, bearing uniformly short setae in middle and apex. Posterior edge of tergite IX straight or obtuse. Tergite X as long as or slightly longer than tergite IX, apically broadly rounded. Aedeagus (Figs. 32–34). Phallobase at base sinuate. Parameres longer than phallobase, straight apically, rounded at apex. Apex of ventral lobe narrowly rounded. Female. Externally identical to male but with abdominal ventrite 5 broadly rounded apically (Figs. 15, 30). Type. Lectotype (sex unknown, abdomen missing): “K204442/ K33134/ Holotype/ Dascillus brevicornis W.T. M. Gayndah” (AM, here designated). Other specimens examined (40♂, 19♀). Queensland: Booloumba Ck., Conondale Ra, 29–30-x-1988, G.B. Monteith (1♂, QM); Brisbane, Illidge (1♀, QM); Bunya Mtns., 10-xii-1925, H. Hacker (2♂, QM); Mt. Mowbullan Guest, House, Bunya Mt, 26.54S 151.36E, 12-xi-1971, K. H. L. Key (1♀, ANIC); Bunya Mt., 11-xi-1930, E. Sutton (1♂, QM); Bunya Mt., 13-xi-1930, E. Sutton (1♂, QM); Bunya Mtns., 24-xi-1930, E. Sutton (2♂, QM); Bunya Mt., 24-xi-1930, E. Sutton (1♂, QM); Bunya Mtns. H.T., x-1919 (1♂, QDPC); Bunya Mts, S. E. Qld, 18–19-xi-1967, G. Monteith (1♂, QM); Cunningham's Gap, 700-750m, 20–30-xi-1963, E.C. & L. Gressitt (1♀, BPBM); Cunningham's Gap, 3-xi-1958, FA. Perkins (9♂, 4♀, QM); Cunningham's Gap, 20-xi-1960, E.C. & L. Gressitt (1♂, BPBM); Gympie, 19-viii-1994, M. DeBaar (1♂, 1♀, ANIC); Kilcoy, 4-vi-1962, J. Cribb (1♀, QM); Mary valley, 27-ix-1932, J. G. Brooks (1♀, ANIC); Middle Ridge, 20-x-1962, A. Macqueen (1♂, QM); Montville, Q’ Land, Deane, (2♀, QM); Mt. Fench, via, Boonah, S. E. Qld, 15-x-1983, G. B. Monteith (1♀, QM); Mt. Glorious. Nr. Brisbane. 635m, 1–11-xii-1988, H. & A. Howden (1♂, CMNC); Nanango Dist, xi-1927, H. Hacker


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(1♀, QDPC); Rainforest beatings, Mapleton, Nambour Dist., 8-ix-1982, O. Griffiths (1♂, AM); SEQ: 28°08'Sx152°40'E, Black Rock Scrub, 350m. Vine scrub. PitFll 9809, 6.x–3-xii-2000, D. J. Cook (1♂, QM); Toowoomba, 25-xi-1974, (1♂, MAIC); Toowoomba, 14-xi-1974, J. Macqueen (8♂, 1♀, ANIC); Toowoomba, 2xi-1983, R. H. Broadley (1♂, QDPC); Toowoomba, 5-xi-1987, P. H. Tuine (1♂, QDPC); Toowoomba, 10-x-1923, G. K. Waite (1♂, QDPC); Toowoomba, 9-xi-1978, R. H. Broadley (1♀, QDPC); Ravensbourne, 10-xi-1966, A. W. Turner (1♀, QDPC); No label (1♂, AM). Distribution (Fig. 51). This species is restricted to southernmost Queensland, where it overlaps with the northern range of N. sublineatus.

Notodascillus sublineatus Carter (Figures 11–12, 16–17, 25, 27, 37–43, 51) Notodascillus sublineatus Carter, 1935: 186.

Diagnosis. Notodascillus sublineatus is distinguished from all other species by the extremely short antennomere 3 (Figs. 27) and usually flat or weakly marked V-shaped ridge on a vertex. Description. Male. Length 7.2–10.5 mm, width 2.9–3.7 mm. Body (Fig. 38) narrowly elongate, 2.5–2.8 times longer than broad. Head black or brown, remaining body parts brown. Upper surfaces matt, densely clothed in short and inclined, apically pointed setae. Head, pronotal and elytral setae mixed dark brown and yellow, elytral setae denser on alternate intervals and forming longitudinal stripes, venter covered by whitish dense pubescence. Head. Vertex flat or with weak V-shaped ridge. Antennae serrate, reaching middle of elytra. Antennomere 3 weakly expanded apically, 0.8–1 times as long as broad, 0.4–0.5 times as long as antennomere 4; terminal antennomere distinctly longer than penultimate. Pronotum 0.5–0.7 times as long as wide, widest near middle, sides evenly curved from base to apex. Lateral margins narrowly explanate without marginal bead, edge smooth and without distinct fringe of setae, anterior angles obtuse, posterior margin distinctly crenulate. Disc moderately convex, punctation coarse and dense. Pterothorax. Scutellum 0.9–1.0 times as long as wide, distinctly pointed apically. Elytra moderately convex, taken together 2.1–2.4 times as long as wide, 4.5–5.1 times as long as pronotum, sides relatively straight, gradually narrowing in apical third, apices weakly prominent; lateral margins narrow with distinct bead, entirely visible from above. Abdominal ventrites with glabrous spots on each side; ventrite 5 distinctly projected medially, 0.4–0.5 times as long as wide, 1.5–1.9 times as long as ventrite 4. Sternite IX apically rounded, at base rounded, bearing uniformly short setae in middle and apically. Posterior edge of tergite IX straight or obtuse. Tergite X as long as or slightly longer than tergite IX, apically broadly rounded. Aedeagus (Figs. 39–41). Phallobase at base sinuate. Parameres longer than phallobase, straight apically, rounded at apex. Apex of ventral lobe narrowly rounded. Female. Externally identical to male but with abdominal ventrite 5 truncate apically (Figs. 17, 37). Types. Holotype and paratype ♂ [mounted on single card]: “Hastings River, 11.32, HJ.C/ K67432/ female symbol/ Notodascillus sublineatus Carter id. by HJ Carter/ xx/ Holotype” (AM). The holotype appears to be the right specimen on the card with an arrow and “TYPE” inscription underneath. Other specimens examined (73♂, 20♀). Queensland: Cunningham's Gap, 3-xi-1958, FA. Perking (1♂, QM); Cunningham's Gap, 30-xi-1965, G. Monteith (1♂, QM); Mt. Fench, via, Boonah, S. E. Qld, 15-x-1983, G. B. Monteith (1♀, QM); National Pk (Lamington NP), Q, 24-x-1923, H. Hacker (1♂, QM); Nr. Culter's Pass, Williams River, 23–30-x-1926, A. Musgrave & T. G. Campbell (2♀, AM); Nr. Culter's Pass, Williams River, 25-x-1926, A. Musgrave & T. G. Campbell (1♂, AM); O'Reillys' Guesthouse. Lamington N. P., 950m, 4–5-xi-1989, G, B. Monteith (1♂, QM); Stanthorpe, Q, 5-xi-1923 (1♂, ANIC). New South Wales: 33km. NNE Singleton, 17-xi-1985, Tuglo'D. J. Bickel, (1♂, 1♀, AM); 3km N of Lansdowne via Taree, NSW, 14–27-ix-1987, G. Williams (2♂, AM); 3km. N, Lansdowne via Taree, riparian rainforest, 7–14-ix-1992, G. Williams (1♂, AM); 3km. N, Landsdowne, via Taree, ex wet sclerophyll forest, 8-ix-1985, G. Williams (2♂, ANIC); 48km N. Singleton, 13–15-xi-1981, H. & A. Howden (1♂, CMNC); Acacla Plat, J. Armstrong (1♀, ANIC); Acacla Plateau, H. Davidson (2♂, 1♀, ANIC);



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Allyn River, Chichester S.F, 10–11-xi-1981, T. Weir (1♂, ANIC); Lansdowne, 19-x-1987, R. Bejsak (1♂, ANIC); Comboyne, 2-ix-1988, A. Sundholm & J. Bugeja (18♂, AM); Lansdowne, 9-ix-1987, Richard. Bejsak (3♂, AM); Lansdowne, 19-ix-1987, Richard. Bejsak (2♂, AM); Blue Gum Hut, Mallanganee, 4-x-1978, G, B. Monteith (1♀, QM); Cambridge Plateau, Richmond Range SFWNW Casino, 96: 237, 25-ix-1996, S. Watkins (1♂, ANIC); Cambridge Plateau, Richmond Range SF, WNW Casino, 96: 238, 25-ix-1996, S. Watkins (1♂, ANIC); Cambridge Plateau, Richmond Range SFWNW Casino, 96: 239, 25-ix-1996, S. Watkins (1♂, ANIC); Cambridge Plateau Richmond Range SF WNW Casino, 96: 240, 25-ix-1996, S. Watkins (1♂, MAIC); Cambridge Plateau, Richmond Range NP, 98: 422 in rain forest 580 m, 30-ix-1998, S. G. Watkins (1♂, ANIC); Cambridge Plateau, Richmond Range NP, 98: 423 in rain forest, 580 m, 30-ix-1998, S. G. Watkins (1♂, ANIC); Comboyne, 10-xi-1932, K. C. McKeown (2♂, AM); Comboyne, J. Armstrong (2♀, ANIC); Comboyne, xi-1932, HJC [Carter] (1♂, BMNH); Dingo Tops Park, Dingo SF, 95: 698, 7-x-1995, S. Watkins (1♂, ANIC); Dingo Tops Park, Dingo SF, 95: 699, 7-x1995, S. Watkins (1♂, ANIC); Duggan's Gully, up, Chichester, ix-1921, A. Musgrave (1♂, AM); E. Sutton (2♀, QM); Gloucester, NSW, 1934, H. J. Davidson (1♂, ANIC); Hastings Riv, 1934, H. J. Davidson (1♂, QM); Hastings Riv, 1934, Davidson (1♀, ANIC); Hastings Range, xii-1933, J. Armstrong (1♂, AM); Kindee, x-1934 (1♂, ANIC); "LORIEN" W.R.3km N Lansdowne, Taree, margin. Malalse trap, 14–17-ix-1987, G. Williams (1♂, ANIC); NSW (1♂, ANIC); Pt. Macquarie, ix-1965, K. Pullen (1♂, ANIC); Pt. Macquarie, 25-viii–14-ix-1941, H. W. Simmonds (1♀, AM); Rowleys Rock Dingo SF, 29-x-1988, S. G. Watkins (1♀, ANIC); S. E. Border, NSW–QLD (1♂, 1♀ ANIC); Summit, Mt Marie Dingo SF NW Wingham, 10-x-1993, S. Watkins (1♀, MAIC); Summit, Mt Marie Dingo SF NW, 19-x-1994, S. Watkins (1♂, MAIC); Summit, Mt Marie, Dingo SF NW Wingham, NSW 93:2238, Eucalyptus shoots, 10-x-1993, S. G. Watkins (1♂, ANIC); Summit, Mt Marie, Dingo SFNW Wingham, NSW, Eucalyptus shoots, 15-x-1992, S. G. Watkins (1♀, ANIC); Summit, Mt. Marie Dingo State Forest, 95:701, 7-x-1995, S. Watkins (1♂, MAIC); Summit, Mt. Marie Dingo State Forest, 7-x-1995, S. Watkins (1♀, MAIC); Tooloom Scrub, via Urbenyille, 22-x-1972, G. B. Monteith (1♂, QM); Victoria Park, NR. S of Lismore, NSW, foliage, subtropical rainforest, 17-ix-1988, G. Williams (1♂, AM); Victoria Park, via Alstonville, 1-xi-1970, G.B. Monteith (1♂, 2♀, QM); Walcha, 9-xi-1932, K. C. Mckeown (1♂, AM); WauchoPe, J. Armstrong (1♂, ANIC); Woodenbong, 20-x-1962, G. Monteith (1♂, QM). Doubtful locality: Victoria “Bindi will have letter ??/ H.J. Carter” (1♂, 1♀, ANIC). Distribution (Fig. 51). This species occurs from the area around Brisbane to central New South Wales north of Newcastle. The single record from Bindi in northeastern Victoria is probably erroneous.

Notodascillus iviei sp. n. (Figures 18–19, 24, 28, 44–50, 51) Etymology. This new species is dedicated to Dr. Michael A. Ivie (Montana State University), acknowledging his knowledge of Dascillidae and support for the senior author in his doctoral research. Ivie was also the first person that recognized the third species of the Australian Notodascillus. Diagnosis. Notodascillus iviei is most similar to N. brevicornis, sharing the anteriorly narrowing pronotum, but the latter has antennomere 3 distinctly longer than 4 and at least 3 times as long as antennomere 2. The apical portion of the male terminal abdominal ventrite (Fig. 18) is similar to that in N. sublineatus but its apex is less projecting posteriorly, and in lateral view (Fig. 24) its apical margin is thin (thickened and appearing double in N. sublineatus as in Fig. 25). Description. Male. Length 7.7–10.5 mm, width 3.0–3.4 mm. Body (Fig. 45) narrowly elongate, 2.3–2.5 times longer than broad. Body brown. Upper surfaces matt, densely clothed in short and inclined, apically pointed setae. Head. Vertex with V-shaped ridge. Antennae serrate, short, reaching middle of elytra. Antennomere 3 weakly expanded apically, 1.7–1.9 times as long as broad, 1.0–1.1 times as long as antennomere 4; terminal antennomere distinctly longer than penultimate. Pronotum 0.5–0.6 times as long as wide, widest just before base, sides from about middle more strongly converging anteriorly than posteriorly. Lateral margins narrowly explanate without marginal bead, edge smooth and without distinct fringe of setae, anterior angles obtuse, posterior margin distinctly crenulate. Disc moderately convex, punctation coarse and dense. Pterothorax. Scutellum 0.9–1.1 times as long as wide, distinctly pointed apically. Elytra moderately convex,


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1.8–2.1 times as long as wide, 3.8–4.6 times as long as pronotum, sides relatively straight, gradually narrowing in apical third, apices weakly prominent; lateral margins narrow with distinct bead, entirely visible from above. Abdominal ventrites with glabrous spots on each side; ventrite 5 distinctly projected medially, 0.4–0.5 times as long as wide, 1.3–1.5 times as long as ventrite 4. Sternite IX apically rounded, at base emarginate, bearing uniformly short setae in middle and apex. Posterior edge of tergite IX straight or obtuse. Tergite X as long as or slightly longer than tergite IX, apically broadly rounded. Aedeagus (Figs. 46–48). Phallobase at base sinuate. Parameres longer than phallobase, straight apically, rounded at apex. Apex of ventral lobe narrowly rounded. Female. Externally identical to male but with abdominal ventrite 5 truncate apically (Figs. 19, 44). Types. Holotype (♂): Queensland: Mt. Walsh, Nat. Park 7km E of Biggenden, 14-ix-1978, H. Fauca (1♂, ANIC). Paratypes (3♂, 2♀): Queensland: Coast Range SE of Geisslers Biggenden, 5-x-1976, H. Fauca (1♂, ANIC); Kroombit Tops, 45km SSW Calliope, C, Qld. (Barracks, Open Fr), 29-xi-1985, G. B. Monteith (1♂, QM); Mt. Woowonga, c. 24km SW. of Childers Q, 30-xi-1975, H. Fauca (1♀, ANIC); SEQ: 25°34'Sx152°03'E Mt Walsh 1km N 320, vine scrub, PitFll 7882, 26.vi–9-x-1999, D. J. Cook (1♂, 1♀, QM). Distribution. This is the most geographically restricted species, with most of the localities in the area inland from Hervey Bay and near Gladstone, Queensland, north of the known range of the other species (Fig. 51).

FIGURE 51. Distribution map of Notodascillus species in Australia.



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Acknowledgments We are grateful to curators and the institutions housing the collections listed in the materials sections for providing us with a material under their care. Michael A. Ivie (Montana State University), Hermes Escalona and Tom Weir (ANIC) provided additional support and encouragement. Hermes Escalona, John F. Lawrence and Michael Ivie read the draft of the paper and offered several improvements. The senior author has been supported by a grant from the China Scholarship Council.

References Carter, H.J. (1935) Australian Coleoptera. Notes and new species. No. IX. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 60, 179–193. Crowson, R.A. (1971) Observations on the superfamily Dascilloidea (Coleoptera: Polyphaga), with the inclusion of Karumiidae and Rhipiceridae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 50, 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.10963642.1971.tb00749.x Grebennikov, V.V. & Scholtz, C.H. (2004) Larvae of Dascillidae (Coleoptera): morphological study and discussion on their proposed relationships to Scarabaeoidea and Eulichadidae. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 34, 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1163/187631203788964908 Ivie, M.A & Barclay, M.V.L. (2011) The familial placement and specific membership of Escalerina Bolívar y Pieltain and Paulusiella Mandl, with new synonymies (Coleoptera: Elateridae, Dascillidae, Drilidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 65, 167–172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/072.065.0216 Kukalová-Peck, J. & Lawrence, J.F. (1993) Evolution of the hind wing in Coleoptera. Canadian Entomologist, 125, 181–258. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/Ent125181-2 Kukalová-Peck, J. & Lawrence, J.F. (2004) Relationships among coleopteran suborders and major endoneopteran lineages: Evidence from hind wing characters. European Journal of Entomology, 101, 95–144. Lawrence, J.F. (1991) Dascillidae (Dascilloidea). In: Stehr, F.W. (Ed.), Immature Insects. Vol. 2. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa, pp. 369–370. Lawrence, J.F. (2005) 16.1 Dascillidae Guérin-Méneville, 1843. In: Beutel, R.G. & Leschen, R.A.B. (Eds.), Handbuch der Zoologie/Handbook of Zoology. Band/Volume IV Arthropoda: Insecta Teilband/Part 38. Coleoptera, Beetles. Volume 1. Morphology and Systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim). W. DeGruyter, Berlin, pp. 451–456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X(2007)61[492:CBVMAS]2.0.CO;2 Lawrence, J.F., Ślipiński, A., Seago, A.E, Thayer, M.K, Newton, A.F. & Marvaldi, A.E. (2011) Phylogeny of the Coleoptera based on morphological characters of adults and larvae. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa, 61, 1–217. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3161/000345411X576725 Macleay, W. (1872) The Insects of Gayndah, (2nd Paper). The Transactions of the Entomological Society of New South Wales, 2, 239–318. Pic, M. (1914) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 58. Dascillidae, Helodidae, Eucinetidae. W. Junk, Berlin, 65 pp.


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