H. div -0.06 0.06 0.06 -0.23 -0.12 0.25 -0.23 -0.13 -0.04 0.38 0.30 -0.14 0.12 0.34 0.47 -0.21 0.02 0.27 â Ïc. -0.63 0.65 0.65 0.34 0.33 -0.36 0.34 0.31 0.32 0.14 ...
Supplementary information 1. Examples of variations in sediment characteristics and local habitats at the muddy and sandy sites examined for resuspension potential. Top pictures illustrate the seascape characteristics at Site 16 (muddy) and Site 6 (sandy), respectively. Both muddy and sandy sites encompassed areas with open bare sediments and patches of vegetation. Sparse occurrences of pond weed (Potamogeton perfoliatus) were common at the muddy sites, whereas more dense occurrences of seagrasses such as Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima dominated the sandy sites. In the top left-hand picture the EROMES core is seen to the right. Close-up photos from the EROMES cores illustrate the differences in sediment grain size (lower panels).
A seascape picture
’Muddy’ Sheltered areas Mud to very fine sand Biofilms on the sediment surface High organic content Low species richness and macrofaunal abundance Low vegetation coverage
’Sandy’ Exposed, dynamic areas Medium to coarse sand, pebbles Ripple marks on the sediment surface Low organic content Higher species richness and macrofaunal abundance
Supplementary information 2. Pearson’s correlation matrix for erosion potential measures and sediment properties in ‘muddy’ sediments, n = 15 MPS
Clay
MPS
–
Clay
-0.96 –
Mud
-0.96 1.00
Mud
Water OM
0.78
–
OM
0.72
0.97
DBD 0.71
MA
MB
V. 0 m V. 2 m Hydr. Olig.
M. bal Maren. H. div
–
Water -0.69 0.78 -0.60 0.72
DBD Poros. Chl-a Phaeo SR
–
-0.80 -0.80 -1.00 -0.95
–
Poros. -0.68 0.78
0.78
1.00
0.97
-1.00 –
Chl-a -0.61 0.71
0.71
0.93
0.98
-0.91 0.93
–
Phaeo -0.51 0.64
0.64
0.92
0.98
-0.90 0.92
0.95
–
SR
0.17
-0.31 -0.31 -0.63 -0.64
0.62
-0.63 -0.62 -0.65 –
MA
0.17
-0.25 -0.25 -0.60 -0.55
0.60
-0.59 -0.50 -0.58 0.79
–
MB
0.21
-0.31 -0.31 -0.19 -0.34
0.15
-0.18 -0.42 -0.38 0.38
0.06
V. 0 m 0.55
-0.44 -0.44 -0.34 -0.31
0.36
-0.34 -0.37 -0.27 -0.09 0.00
V. 2 m 0.00
0.06
-0.15 0.17
Hydr. 0.26
-0.34 -0.34 -0.52 -0.41
0.06
0.17
0.21
0.10
0.32
– 0.20
–
-0.23 -0.21 -0.04 0.42
-0.52 -0.35 -0.40 0.59
0.71
0.09
-0.25 -0.32
0.22
-0.25 -0.27 -0.40 0.46
0.67
-0.13 -0.33 -0.41 0.07
–
M. bal 0.04
-0.05 -0.05 -0.41 -0.41
0.39
-0.41 -0.38 -0.44 0.55
0.78
-0.17 -0.20 -0.30 0.17
0.89
Maren. 0.04
-0.12 -0.12 -0.18 -0.29
0.16
-0.18 -0.34 -0.34 0.37
0.17
0.75
0.33
0.04
0.29
-0.22 -0.16
–
-0.23 -0.13 -0.04 0.38
0.30
-0.14 0.12
0.34
0.47
-0.21 0.02
0.27
0.23
-0.41 -0.49 0.12
-0.21 0.15
0.14
H. div -0.06 0.06
0.06
-0.23 -0.12
0.25
τc
-0.63 0.65
0.65
0.34
-0.36 0.34
ER
0.63
-0.64 -0.64 -0.35 -0.38
0.36
-0.35 -0.40 -0.35 -0.13 -0.24 0.46
me
0.58
-0.60 -0.61 -0.71 -0.61
0.73
-0.71 -0.54 -0.59 0.37
0.33
0.31
0.32
0.14
0.58
0.59
-0.25 0.12
0.00
–
0.55
Olig.
0.24
–
0.16
-0.10 0.57
–
0.49
-0.03 -0.51 -0.39
-0.32 0.38
0.40
0.61
–
-0.41 0.15 0.46
-0.20
-0.24 -0.08
MPS median particle size, OM organic content, DBD Dry bulk density, Poros. porosity, Chl-a chlorophyll a, Phaeo phaeopigment, SR species richness, MA macrofauna abundance, MB macrofauna biomass, V. 0 m vegetation 0 m, V. 2 m vegetation ± 2 m, Hydr. Hydrobiidae, Olig. Oligochaeta, M. bal Macoma balthica, Maren. Marenzelleria, H. div Hediste diversicolor, τc erosion threshold, ER erosion rate, and me erosion constant
Supplementary information 3. Pearson’s correlation matrix for erosion potential measures and sediment properties in ‘sandy’ sediments, n = 44 MPS Clay Mud Water OM MPS
–
Clay
-0.29 –
Mud
-0.30 1.00 0.26
0.26
–
OM
0.21
0.21
0.68
-0.31 -0.30 -1.00 -0.68 –
Poros. 0.00
0.26
0.26
1.00
0.68
-1.00 –
Chl-a 0.10
0.26
0.24
0.17
0.26
-0.19 0.17
–
Phaeo -0.14 0.45
0.44
0.18
0.24
-0.20 0.18
0.33
V. 0 m V. 2 m Hydr. Pygos. Olig. M. bal Maren.H. div
–
SR
-0.29 -0.23 -0.22 -0.21 -0.19 0.21
-0.21 -0.14 -0.06 –
MA
0.12
0.01
0.02
-0.14 0.01
0.14
-0.14 0.01
MB
0.04
0.15
0.17
0.05
-0.05 0.05
0.29
V. 0 m -0.10 -0.12 -0.12 -0.18 -0.09 0.17 V. 2 m -0.01 -0.12 -0.13 0.04 0.12
MB
–
DBD 0.04
Hydr. 0.31
MA
–
Water 0.00 0.18
DBD Poros. Chl-a Phaeo SR
0.12
0.21
-0.19 0.01
0.08
0.13
–
-0.13 0.05
0.24
0.35
–
-0.18 -0.02 -0.04 0.20
0.06
0.00
–
0.02
0.09
0.77
–
-0.01 -0.10 0.79
0.26
0.05
-0.08 –
0.17
-0.01 0.01
-0.04 –
0.07
-0.22 0.57
-0.06 0.04 0.20
-0.06 -0.07 0.16
-0.19 0.11
Pygos. -0.12 -0.24 -0.24 -0.13 -0.05 0.14
-0.13 -0.16 -0.12 0.40
0.03
Olig.
-0.10 -0.10 -0.03 0.63
-0.03 0.06
-0.22 -0.31 -0.30 -0.10 -0.17 0.11
M. bal -0.12 -0.01 0.00
0.14
Maren. -0.32 -0.16 -0.16 0.13
0.12
-0.14 0.14
-0.08 -0.14 0.13
-0.04 0.36
–
-0.02 0.09
-0.11 -0.11 -0.06 –
-0.03 0.09
0.02
0.01
-0.22 0.03
-0.07 0.41
-0.16 -0.29 0.26
0.01
0.06
H. div 0.13
-0.17 -0.18 -0.19 -0.10 0.20
-0.19 -0.07 -0.10 0.32
0.30
0.05
0.21
0.16
0.08
τc
0.08
-0.48 -0.49 -0.58 -0.39 0.61
-0.58 -0.23 -0.27 0.42
0.06
0.03
0.27
0.17
-0.09 0.34
ER
-0.23 0.35
0.37
0.55
0.35
-0.57 0.55
-0.07 0.03
-0.21 -0.07 0.10
me
-0.33 0.37
0.37
0.19
-0.06 -0.22 0.19
-0.18 0.24
-0.24 0.02
0.12
-0.03 –
0.00
0.11
0.31
-0.10 0.02
0.11
-0.31
-0.03 0.16
-0.41 -0.16 -0.06 0.01
-0.28 -0.32 -0.31 0.00
-0.05 -0.11 – 0.27
-0.14 -0.14 0.23
-0.15 -0.20
MPS median particle size, OM organic content, DBD Dry bulk density, Poros. porosity, Chl-a chlorophyll a, Phaeo phaeopigment, SR species richness, MA macrofauna abundance, MB macrofauna biomass, V. 0 m vegetation 0 m, V. ± 2 m vegetation ± 2 m, Hydr. Hydrobiidae, Pygos. Pygospio, Olig. Oligochaeta, M. bal Macoma balthica, Maren. Marenzelleria, H. div Hediste diversicolor, τc erosion threshold, ER erosion rate, and me erosion constant
