A WEB-BASED DATABASE SYSTEM: AN ...

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Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences 1(3) 203-208 © Emerging Academy Resources (2012) (ISSN: 2276-8467) www.emergingresource.org

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A WEB-BASED DATABASE SYSTEM: AN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION 1

Uduak A. Umoh, 2Enoch O. Nwachukwu, 3Augustine A. Umoh, and 1Etebong B Isong 1

Department of Computer Science, University of Uyo, Nigeria. Department of Computer Science, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. 3 Department of Physics, University of Uyo, Nigeria Corresponding Author: Uduak A. Umoh ___________________________________________________________________________ 2

ABSTRACT In this paper, we design, implement and analyze a web-based database management system: an Industrial application, otherwise called Paper Recycling Production Information System (PRPIS) to deal with the problem of industrial overload in managing production cost, revenue sales and quantity recycled. We adopt the following sequence to accomplish our goal, requirement analysis, architectural design, application design and implementation. JavaServer Page and Java 1.6 have been found to be the optimal server side programming tools for the application. A working prototype of the system has been developed based on MySQL DBMS, Java web server and Netbeans as the GUI builder. The System prototype is built on a three-tier client server architecture based on the benefits discussed in the work. We apply existing client-server and database technologies to provide an object-oriented web-based, data-retrieval system for paper recycling production industries that will enable access by the various users at all times. A significance part of this work on paper recycling is to predict the cost and revenue associated with the proposed paper recycling production. This paper provides paper recycling industries with broader information availability, better performance, and a decrease in paperwork and manpower. It also contributes to the research knowledge by the development of both web-based database model to handle the quantitative knowledge of paper recycling production and mathematical model of the components of profitability. ©Emerging Academy Resources KEYWORDS: Recycling, Web-based Database Management System, Recycling data, Profitability ________________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION implement and analyze a web-based Database Information technology offers a variety of services Management System otherwise called Paper for all stakeholders in an industry. Not only does Recycling Production Information System (PRPIS) Recycling Industries have all the information for Nigerian Paper Recycling Industries. overload of a normal production process, but it also Our main objective is to provide a web-based objecthas the extra burden of the recycling production oriented, data retrieval system for the Nigerian Paper plant. Currently most recycling industries do not use Recycling Industries that will enable access by the information based on database, some use an various users at all times. We adopt the following information system based on a database to handle the sequence to accomplish our goal above problem. But in most cases, because of the  Requirement analysis system architecture, only the administrative office  Architectural Design personnel have access to the information. We believe  Application design and implementation that this kind of information infrastructure results in  Analysis redundant and imprecise data maintained at different field sites by different personnel. For example, if Object-oriented approach is qualitative, productive information on production cost is needed, they need and flexible. Information systems developed with the to request this information from the administrative traditional approach have been notoriously erroroffice, and a written report will be submitted in prone, expensive and inflexible. The object-oriented response. approach has the potential to reduce errors, cost and increase flexibility because of its inherent features. This wastes computer resources, manpower and time, (Thalheim, 2000) (Conolly and Begs, 2005) and generate additional paperwork. There is no (Ramakrishnan and Gehrke, 2000) (Cattel, 1994) reliable information system in Nigerian Recycling (Urban and Suzanne, 2003) Industries. The goal of our paper is to design, 203

Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences (ISSN: 2276-8467) 1(3):203-208 A Web-Based Database System: An Industrial Application

REQUIREMENTS A. General Application Architecture  The application is designed on a 3-tier webbased architecture so that reliable access anywhere in the industry is achieved (Goodyear, 2000) (Umoh et al, 2007).  Language is platform independent and must provide easy implementation of the software Engineering concepts and principles, providing the software reuse, object-oriented structure, maintainability and reliability.  A prototype of the application is provided. Later changes in the requirement and user interface are made based on this prototype. B. User Profiles The application should provide access to the following users  Management  Directorate  Operation Staff  Administrative office personnel C. Use Cases Use Cases employed in this work include, Production Cost, Revenue Sales, Quantity Recycled and Administrative Office Personnel.

1. The users are believed to have computer competency ranging from novices to expert. 2. The user will have sufficient skill on using any web browser. 3. As the specification of the database is not concrete, the database and its relational tables could be designed and modified according to future needs. 4. The implementation is Database Management System (DBMS) independent, so that the system could swap the backend DBMS without requiring extensive modification. PRPIS System Architecture Figure 1 shows the architecture of the Database Management System otherwise called Paper Recycling production Information System (PRPIS). The prototype is built on a three-tier client server architecture based on the benefits (Umoh, et al, 2007). The client interface is simply a web browser where the user connects to the system and retrieves the data. In this architecture, all the business logic is implemented on the middle-tier. While Java 1.6 is configured as a web server, for the middle-tier application, Java server page is used. Java has been defined as very powerful tools for the application logic, and the Java server page as very helpful for the presentation logic (Hall, 2001). Based on these properties of Java and Java server pages the whole application logic is implemented in Java where the presentation logic was divided into the related Java server pages. The connection between the middle-tier and the database is established via MySQL Database connectivity. A relational database instance is created on MyQSL Database, and populated for the implementation purpose.

DESIGNS AND IMPLEMENTATION We adopt engineering and page generation design phase. Engineering activity tends to design, to produce, and to acquire all data that are integrated into the application. Page generation refers to a construction activity, which combines all the content and the necessary architectural, navigation, and interface design. The middle-tier integration/implementation is also accomplished in this phase.

PRPIS Object Model The PRPIS’s object model is developed according the use-case defined earlier. The basic objects in the system are defined and the interaction between the objects determined. Figure 2 shows the simplified PRPIS’s object model while Figure presents PRPIS’s database model.

Design The implementation is based on the initial requirements of the work defined earlier. The following assumptions are made for the simplicity of the initial prototype.

INTERN ET Web server Client Web Browser

1. Tier

Web server

Web Server Application logic

2. Tier

Fig 1: PRPIS Architecture 204

Web Server and database

3. Tier

Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences (ISSN: 2276-8467) 1(3):203-208 A Web-Based Database System: An Industrial Application

Log writer Calls

Request s

Client Responds

Company Production Server

Sends Query Sends Results

Forwrads Initialize ()

Gets a Presentation Logic

Sends Result Communicator

Login Production Cost Revenue Sales Quantity Recycled

Pool Manager

Database

Calls Beam Calls Connection Pool

2nd - Tier

1st-

3rd-Tier

Fig. 2: PRPIS Object Model

PRPP Database

Personnel

Management Directorate Operation Staff

Production Cost

Waste-paper Energy Chemicals Spare-parts Felt & Wire Labour MachineDependency 10% Contingency Others

Revenue Sales

Year Product-id Unit-Selling-Price Sales-Volume Estimated-SalesRevenue

Quantity Recycled

Machine-Speed Process-Time Product-Width Paper-Substance Strange

System

Users Login Records

Fig. 3: PRPIS Database Model Some of the objects and their associated attributes considered in the database include,

DIRECT_LABOUR_COST [Investment_id, Year, Production_Level, Labour_Required, Wage_Rate, Estimated_Direct_labour Cost]

PRODUCTION_COST_DATA [Waste_Paper_Cost, Energy_Cost, Chemicals_Cost, Spare_Parts_Cost, Felt & Wire_Cost, Labour_Cost, Machine_Dependency, 10_Percent_ Contingency]. Where Waste_Paper_Cost is the primary key.

OVERHEADS_VARIBLES [Indiect_Factory_Wages, Indirect_Materials., Water_Expenses, Repaires_and_Maintenance, Estimated_Overhead_Variable]

DIRECT_MATERIAL_COST [Investment_id, Year, Production_Level, Raw_Material-Required, Prices_of_Raw_Materials, Estimated_Direct_Material_Cost]

REVENUE_SALES [Year, Product_id, Unit_Selling_Price, Sales_Volume, Estimated_Sales_Revenue],

205

Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences (ISSN: 2276-8467) 1(3):203-208 A Web-Based Database System: An Industrial Application

QUANTITY_RECYCLED [Machine_Speed, Process_Time, Product_Width, Paper_Substance, Strange]

“Quantity Recycled” when selected, displays the form as shown in Figure 9. Option “Sales Revenue” displays sales revenue form as shown in Figure 10, etc. The mathematical submenu displays two options, “Compute Quantity Recycled (QR) and “Compute Profit” (Y) as shown in Figure 11. Operations such as new, delete, refresh, etc can be performed within it.

COST INFLUENCING FACTORS [Availability_of_Electricity, Availability_of_Water_ Supply, Availability_of_Transportation_Facilities, Availabilty_of_Raw_Materials, Quality_of Raw_Materials, Availability_of_Labour_Supply, Quality_of_Labour_Supply] REVENUE INFLUENCING FACTOR [Inflation_Rate, Unemployment_Rate, Production _Quality, Quality_of_Sales_force] Implementation of the Protoype As the client’s part is just a simple Web browser, implementation of the database is regarded as the first step during implementation. The database for the PRPIS prototype consists of a database instance on MySQL database server. The structure of the database instance is explained in the design phase. According to the main entities, the related data subjects, tables and relations are created, and database structure is created using SQL DDL. After creating the tables and relations, the database is populated with data for implementation purpose. The main purpose of this application is to support the Nigerian paper recycling industries informational, production and administrative tasks and their requirements conveniently and consistently. To accomplish these tasks, authorized users are given access to the system according to their privileges and responsibilities. Related menu options are provided to them. Paper recycling production information system is developed using, MySQL Database Management System 6.0, NetBeans 6.5.1, Java 1.6, Java Server Page, Microsoft Windows XP version 2002 and Pentium IV Personal computer.

Fig. 4: Splash Screen

Screen Shots of the System This section presents some of the screen shots of the system. The implementation technique of Web-based Database Management System: an Industrial application begins with a splash screen on starting the application, as shown in Figure 4. The splash screen displays the introductory message on the computer screen. Shortly after this display, a login screen is displayed as shown in Figure 5. The login screen prompts the user for user name and password and on successful displays the main menu as shown in Figure 6. Each menu bar command opens a pulldown menu which consists of a series of options and sub-menus. When any option in this menu is selected, its associated submenu is displayed. For example, when an option such as “database” is activated, the submenu is displayed as shown in Figure 7.

Fig. 5: Login Screen

When an option “Production Cost” is activated, a display is presented as shown in Figure 8. An option

Fig.: 6 Main Menu 206

Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences (ISSN: 2276-8467) 1(3):203-208 A Web-Based Database System: An Industrial Application

Fig. 7: Database Menu

Fig. 10: Quantity Recycled Computed Form

Fig. 8: Production Cost Data for January 2006

Fig. 11: Paper Recycling Production Profit Computed CONCLUSION A Web-Based Database System for profitability control in paper recycling production is developed in this work. We develop a database model to handle both the structured and unstructured knowledge of the problem domain using object-oriented design approach. This database stores both static and dynamic information about the decision variables and about the different factors influencing recycling decision for profitability control. The database propose in this work is made of three main classes, namely; production cost, revenue sale and quantity recycled and their attributes. We design mathematical models based on the major components in the concepts of profitability, to capture the quantitative

Fig. 9: Sales Revenue Data for January 2006 207

Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences (ISSN: 2276-8467) 1(3):203-208 A Web-Based Database System: An Industrial Application

decision variables of profitability control problem. Relevant quantitative variables have been determined for production cost and revenue sales. These have been used to forecast the quantitative components of the production cost and revenue sales over the quantity recycled. The profit associated with the production has been calculated based on the input variables.

Umoh, U. A. & Nwachukwu E. O. (2007) WebBased Database Application: An Educational Administrative Management System. Journal of Natural and Applied Science, 1-13. Urban, S. D. and Dietrich, S. W., (2003), "Using UML Class Diagrams for a Comparative Analysis of Relational, Object-Oriented, and Object-Relational Database Mappings." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 35(1), 21-25.

In order to assess the capability of the proposed system, it has been applied to paper recycling production plant in Nigeria. Results from the experiment have shown that the performance of the proposed system is satisfactory and competitive. A significance part of this work on paper recycling is to predict the cost and revenue associated with the proposed paper recycling production. This paper provides paper recycling industries with broader information availability, better performance, and a decrease in paperwork and manpower. It also contributes to the research knowledge by the development of both web-based database model to handle the quantitative knowledge of paper recycling production and mathematical model of the components of profitability. This work can be applied to improve on the profitability in a paper recycling production. Such a system can also be implemented in various areas of recycling industries by modifying and applying relevant and useful variables. We designed and developed WBDBS using Java scripting language and JavaPage as the web server. For database-tier, an instance of the database for the paper recycling production is created using MySQL and populated with data.

http//www.ppic.org.uk, Pulp and Paper Information Centre Website. Accessed on 22 March 2008.

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Hall, M., (2001). Core Servlets and Server Pages, Prentice Hall, Ramakrishnan, R. and Gehrke, J., (2000). Database Management System, McGraw Hill, Second edition. Cattell, R. G. G. (1994). Object Data Management Object-Oriented and Extended Relational Database Systems, Revised Edition, Addison-Wesley. Thalheim, B. (2000). Entity-Relationship Modeling: Foundation of Database Technology. Springer Verlag.

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