Advances in Wastewater Treatment and Reuse

Book of Abstracts

First International Conference on

“Advances in Wastewater Treatment and Reuse” 10 - 12 November 2009 University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

University of Tehran College of Engineering

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AWTR 2009

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SPONSORS The generosity of the following organizations, corporations and companies is gratefully acknowledged. Platinum Sponsor

Kavosh Pay Mashad Co.

Other Sponsors

ABFA East Azarbaijan

NIORDC

Iran University of Industries and Mines

Oil and Gas Center of Excellence

Iran Water Resources Management Co.

Water and Wastewater Engineering Co.

Science and Technology Vice President Y3Z

Scientific Sponsors

Media Sponsors

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Welcome Message from the Conference Chairman Dear Participants, It is my great pleasure to welcome you to the 1st International Conference on “Advances in Wastewater Treatment and Reuse” at College of Engineering, University of Tehran. These three days-long conference aims to provide an international forum in a pleasant environment for presentation and discussions of the latest scientific concepts and technological developments covering all aspects of wastewater treatment and reuse. Also there is an excellent opportunity for Iranian and international participants both from academia and industry to establish together an arena for future educational and research collaborations on environmental issues. This idea has also the special support of European Union and we hope this conference can be a step to reach this goal. We have worked for several months to put together an exciting and focused agenda bringing together experts, researchers and involved officials from the world of environmental engineering. The program of AWTR2009 conference consists of a number of plenary and keynote lectures by the leading experts from different countries along with 127 oral and 208 poster presentations accepted from 470 abstracts submitted from more than 20 countries. We hope you will have an interesting, challenging and educational few days. A bridge between the East and the West for centuries, Iran the land of ancient Persian Empire, is located in the heart of fascinating Middle East region, where you'll find a harmonious blend of culture, cuisine, arts and architecture along with excellent shopping opportunities. Our thanks go to many people for helping make this conference happen. We also like to thank all the sponsors of AWTR for their supports and helps to make this a success, in particular the Kavosh Pay Company. We look forward to seeing you all satisfied and happy being present here at this scientifically stimulating and enjoyable events!

Mohammad H. Sarrafzadeh Chairman of the AWTR conference Y5Z

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CONFERENCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE Dean, College of Engineering, University of Tehran Deputy to Vice President for Research and Dr. Rahmat Sotudeh-Gharebagh Technology of University of Tehran Head of School of Chemical Engineering, Dr. Mohammad Ali Moussavian College of Eng., University of Tehran Dr. Mohammad Hossein Conference Chairman Sarrafzadeh Dr. Mahmoud Kamarei

Dr. Mohammad Reza Mehrnia Scientific Committee Manager Dr. Christelle Wisniewski

Scientific Committee Manager

Dr. Omid Tavakoli

Executive Committee Manager

Dr. Jalaleddin Shayegan

Chair of Iranian Association of Chemical Engineering (IAChE)

Dr. Hassan Shojaee

Director of Kavosh Pay Co., Mashad

Dr. Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi Dr. Seyed Taghi Naeeni Dr. Mohammad Ali Banihashemi

The Dean of Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran Head of School of Civil Engineering, College of Eng., University of Tehran Head of Water Research Center, University of Tehran

Dr. Mahmoud Nili Ahmadabadi Professor, College of Engineering

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CONFERENCE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Alavimoghadam, Mohammad Reza Aleboyeh, Hamid Alemzadeh, Iran Akbari, Ahmad Ashrafizadeh, Nezamoddin Bermond, Alain Bahmanyar, Hossein Bonakdarpour, Babak Chisti, Yusuf Ebrahimi, Sirous Farnood, Ramin Grasmick, Alain Guglielmi, Giuseppe Hatamipour, Mohammad Sadegh Heran, Marc Jördening, Hans-Joachim Judd, Simon Kerachian, Reza Lettinga, Gatza Madaeni, Seyyed Siavash Mehrnia, Mohammad Reza Mesdaghinia, Alireza Mohammadi, Toraj Moheb, Ahmad Mowla, Daryoosh

Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Universite de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran AgroParisTech, DEVE / Chimie analytique, Paris, France University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Massey University, New Zealand University of Sahand, Iran University of Toronto, Canada University of Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France University of Trento, Italy University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran University of Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany Cranfield University, UK University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands University of Razy, Kermanshah, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Y8Z

Montazer Rahmati, Mohammad Mehdi Mostoufi, Navid Mousavi, Seyed Mohammad Najafpour, Ghasem Nasseri, Simin Naserinezhad, Bahram Olsson, Gustaf Prohic, Esad Remigy, Jean Christophe Salary, Azam Sarrafzadeh, Mohammad H. Shayegan Salek, Jalaleddin Shojaosadati, Seyed Abbas Tavakoli, Omid Torabian, Ali Vosoughi, Manouchehr Wisniewski, Christelle Wozny, Gunter Yaghmaei, Soheila Yoshida, Hiroyuki

University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Inst. för Mätteknik och Industriell Elektroteknik, MIE, Lund, Sweden University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia University of Sabatier, Tolouse Sedex 4, France Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran University of Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France Technical University, Berlin, Germany Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan

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CONFERENCE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Duhamel, Christian Davanlou, Fereshteh Einafshar, Atefeh Fatemi, Shohreh Hashemi Motlagh, Ghodratollah Kariminia, Hamid Reza Lambert, David Manouchehri, Nastaran Mehrdadi, Nasser Motahari, Hossein Noha, Zbynek Nosrati, Mohsen Pajoum Shariati, Farshid Pour Rajab, Reza Pytlak, Radoslaw Rasouli Kenari, Hannaneh Sabzban, Fereshteh Sadeghi, Saeed Seyedin-Azad, Fakhri Taghidokht, Mohammad Reza Tavakoli, Omid Taheri, Bahram Tarkian, Faramarz Yazdani, Aryan Zahedi, Morteza Zohouri Zad, Amin

Embassy of France University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Kavosh Pay Co., Mashad, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Embassy of France Agro Paris Tech, Paris, France University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Embassy of the Czech Republic Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran East Azerbaijan ABFA Co., Tabriz, Iran Embassy of the Republic of Poland University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Kavosh Pay Co., Mashad, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Amirkabir University of Tech., Tehran, Iran Research Institute of Petroleum, Industry, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

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CONFERENCE STUDENT COMMITTEE Pajoum Shariati, Farshid (Student Committee Manager) Amiraftabi, Maryam Asadi, Maryam Bagheri, Sina Bidmeshki, Shabnam Emamjomeh, Seyed Ehsan Fadaei, Hilda Gholamhosseini, Mehrdad Haj Aghasi, Saba Haj Mohseni, Nazli Karami Moghadam, Bahareh Khoddam, Mohammad Ali Maleki Nia, Amin Mehrabadi, Adel Miryahyaei, Samira Mohtasham, Paria Nouri, Niloufar Safavi, Maryam Seif, Shayan Yousefi far, Azadeh Y 11 Z

PLENARY & KEYNOTE LECTURERS Plenary Speakers Jördening, Hans Joachim

Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany

Stuckey, David C

Imperial College, London, UK

Keynote Speakers Bermond, Alain

Agro Paris Tech, DEVE / Chimie analytique, Paris, France

Bonakdarpour, Babak Dagot, Christoph

Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Guglielmi, Giuseppe

Groupe de Recherche Eau Sol Environment, ENSIL, LIMOGES Cedex, France University of Trento, Italy

Heran, Marc Hogland, William Madaeni, Seyed Siavash

University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France

Nasseri, Simin Prohic, Esad Remigy, Jean Christophe Salary, Azam

Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Sechet, Phillipe

Laboratoire des Ecoulements Géophysiques et Industriels, UMR 5519 CNRS-UJF-G-INP, BP 53X, Cedex 09 Grenoble, France Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Shayegan Salek, Jalaleddin Taheri, Bahram

University of Kalmar, Sweden University of Razy, Kermanshah, Iran University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia University of Sabatier, Tolouse Sedex 4, France Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, universite de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse,France

Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Torabian, Ali

University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Wisniewski, Christelle

University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France

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PART ONE PLENARY PAPERS

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[10001-PL] SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE GERMAN SUGAR INDUSTRY. Hans-Joachim Jördening, Professor of Technical University Braunschweig, Institute for Technical Chemistry, Langer Kamp 5, 38106 Braunschweig, GERMANY. [10002-PL] FLUIDIZED BED REACTORS FOR ANAEROBIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT Hans-Joachim Jördening, Professor of Technical University Braunschweig, Institute for Technical Chemistry, Langer Kamp 5, 38106 Braunschweig, GERMANY. [10003-PL] WASTEWATER TREATMENT-WHERE ARE WE GOING AND WHAT ARE THE ISSUES? David C Stuckey, Professor of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.

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10001-PL Sustainable water resources management in the German sugar industry H.-J. Jördening Technical University Braunschweig, Institute for Technical Chemistry Langer Kamp 5, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: The production of sugar requires much water. For getting a sustainable production procedure, saving of water by circulation and reuse is mandatory. For transport and washing of beet, the extraction of sugar from beet material and barometric condensation a water demand of up to 1.500 % related on processed beets can be calculated. For a medium sized sugar factory in Germany, this correlates to a water demand of 200.000 m3 and more per day. By introduction of water cycles and highly sophisticated methods for intermediate purification of polluted water the demand could be reduced so far, that today the water content of beet is mostly enough for providing all consumers of water in the factory. This includes the use of mechanical systems for reducing the solid content in water, the use of cooling towers and biological treatment plants for reducing the load of organic and inorganic polluting agents in water, which is released to the environment. The presentation will focus especially on those factors and installations, which help to reduce the water consumption.

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10002-PL Fluidized bed reactors for anaerobic wastewater treatment H.-J. Jördening Technical University Braunschweig, Institute for Technical Chemistry Langer Kamp 5, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: High loading and conversion rates in wastewater treatment can be obtained by accumulating active biomass in the reactor. A technique, yielding very high biomass concentrations, is the immobilisation of bacteria on inert solid support particles, fluidized in an up flow reactor (so-called fluidized bed reactor). We studied the application of immobilised bacteria for nitrification/denitrification and hydrolysis on lab and pilot scale and for methanisation from lab up to technical scale. The choice of the support depends mainly on the specific growth of the bacteria and the formation of exopolymeric substances (EPS). Slow growing bacteria as methanogenic or nitrifying bacteria show the best results, if porous media as e.g. coke, foam glass or pumice are used. Faster growing bacteria, which produce high amounts of EPS as e.g. denitrifying bacteria can also grow sufficiently on sand, which is the cheapest support material and allows a more efficient bio film control. For the methanisation we developed a fluidized bed system, which was set up to work in four German and an Italian sugar factories. Scaling up factors, working data and experiences from the technical scale plants with this new system will be discussed.

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10003-PL Wastewater treatment – where are we going and what are the issues? D. C. Stuckey Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: In the last decade wastewater treatment has moved from a very worthy technical field with a stable and well established technology over 80 years old with little commercial interest, to a dynamic area with rapidly changing technology and considerable technical interest. The reasons for this have been the coming together of a critical nexus of environment (carbon footprint), energy, and in some areas of the world, a shortage of water. These factors have led to a new interest in the field, and the application of fundamental principles from Bio/Chemical Engineering such as reaction kinetics and reactor design, mass transfer, thermodynamics, and membrane fouling. This seminar will try and give a broad personal overview of where WWT has come from and where it is headed for in the next decade under the current drivers of environment, energy and water shortage. Broad concerns such as sludge disposal, energy use in WWT plants, removal of refractory/recalcitrant compounds and heavy metals, and Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) will assess. Finally, some technical areas such as membrane and baffled reactors, membrane aerated biofilms, soluble microbial products (SMPs)/extracellular polysaccharides (ECP) production, and the treatment of highly saline wastewaters will be discussed in more depth to illustrate the changes taking place in the field.

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PART TWO KEYNOTE PAPERS

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[10027-K] INVESTIGATION OF FILTRATION MECHANISM USING REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANEFOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT. Sayed Siavash Madaeni, Saeid Samieirad. Chemical Engineering Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, IRAN. [10135-K] PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF AN INDIGOID DYE IN WATER OVER FE-ZSM5 ZEOLITE USING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE. A. Salary, M. Bagherzadeh Kasiri , H. Aleboyeh Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Traitement des Effluents, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Université de Haute Alsace, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, FRANCE. [10168-K] MEMBRANE PROCESSES IN WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT. C. Wisniewski UMR Génie des Procédés, Eau et bioproduits, Laboratoire de Physique Moléculaire et Structurale, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier, FRANCE. [10335-K] MOVEMENT OF CONTAMINANTS IN KARSTIFIED CARBONATE ROCKS. E. Prohic Ambassador of Republic of Croatia to I.R. Iran and Former professor of Environmental issues at the Faculty of Science, University of Zgareb CROATIA. [10367-K] THE APPLICATION OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF AN ANAEROBIC BIOLOGICAL PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF A REACTIVE AZO DYE CONTAINING WASTEWATER. Zahra Khalili, Babak Bonakdarpour Department of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10425-K] EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION AND SIMULATION FOR THE MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS OPTIMIZATION. M. Heran, J. Lobos, J. Lebegue, A. Grasmick CC05 Place Eugene Bataillon, Montpellier, FRANCE. [10438-K] HYDROCARBON CONTAMINANT FATE, TRANSPORT, CLEAN-UP AND REMEDIATION CONCEPTUAL, ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS APPLICATION THROUGH POROUS MEDIA AND FREE SURFACE COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC SIMULATIONS. Bahram Taheri, Karim Mazaheri, Mehdi Zeinalpoor, Ebrahim Jahanbakhsh, Bahman Bidmeshki.

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International Department of Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT's Joint Program with the University of Birmingham) and Adjunct HSE Faculty in the Petroleum Engineering Department of the AUT, Tehran, IRAN. [10439-K] PRESENT WASTEWATER TREATMENT SITUATION IN IRAN. Jalaleddin Shayegan, H. Abutorab, A. Moradi, A. Asgharzadeh. Sharif University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Tehran, IRAN. [10440-K] AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER STORM WATER MANAGEMENT IN A WOOD-BASED FACTORY – FEASIBILITY OF USING “NON-CONVENTIONAL” SORBENTS IN A PILOT SCALE -. Fabio Kaczala, William Hogland, Marcia Marques Environmental Engineering and Recovery, The School of Pure & Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, SWEDENN. [10441-K] FROM SURFACE MODIFICATION OF MEMBRANES TO THE DEFINITION OF DEFECT FREE MEMBRANES. Jean Christophe Remigy University of Sabatier, Tolouse Sedex 4, FRANCE. [10442-K] EFFECT OF ULTRASONIC, OZONATION AND THERMAL TREATMENT ON SLUDGE SOLUBILISATION BY BIOLOGICAL DIGESTION METHODS. M.R. Salsabil, M. Casellas, C. Dagot, M. Baudu * Groupe de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, ENSIL, Parc ESTER. 16, rue Atlantis BP 6804 - 87068 LIMOGES Cedex – FRANCE. [10443-K] ALTERNATE ANOXIC/AEROBIC OPERATION FOR NITROGEN REMOVAL IN A MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT. G. Guglielmi, G. Andreottola Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Trento, 38100, Trento, ITALY. [10444-K] EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF BIOFILM GROWTH AND HYDRODYNAMIC /BIOMASS INTERACTION IN A GRANULAR BIOREACTOR. P. Séchet, M. Karrabi, Ch. Morra, Ch. Geindreau, J. Martins, A. Cartellier. Laboratoire des Ecoulements Géophysiques et Industriels, UMR 5519 CNRS-UJF-G-INP, BP 53X, Cedex 09 Grenoble, FRANCE. [10446-K] NANOTECHNOLOGY: AN EMERGING TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND SITE REMEDIATION -PERSPECTIVE AND POTENTIAL RISKS. Simin Nasseri. Y 22 Z

Dept. of Environmental Health Engineering, and Center for Environmental Research (CER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).Tehran, IRAN. [10450-K] PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DRINKING WATER STANDARD OF IRAN (DWS – IRAN). Ali Torabian. Department of Environmental Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN [10451-K] APPLICATION OF CHEMICAL REAGENT FOR SOIL MERCURY EXTRACTION IN SPECIATION STUDIES. N. Issaro, S. Besançon, A. Bermond. Laboratoire de chimie analytique AgroParisTech 16 rue Claude Bernard 75213 Paris Cedex 05, FRANCE.

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10027-K Investigation of filtration mechanism using reverse osmosis membrane for wastewater treatment S. S. Madaeni*, S. Samieirad Membrane Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract: In this study a hydrophilic FT-30 polyamide membrane was employed for investigation of filtration mechanism for industrial waste water treatment. Hermia blocking laws were developed to analyze membrane fouling and filtration behavior. This procedure is based on the data collected from the filtration experiments. The specific resistance of the cake can be calculated from the slope of t/V versus V. The calculated values of the specific resistance are average values over the whole of the deposited layer on the membrane surface. The characteristics of the cake layer depend on the nature of the foulant and operating conditions. The investigation of cake layer type has a potential utilization for fouling minimization. Keywords: FT-30 Membrane, Reverse Osmosis, Wastewater, Fouling, Mechanism

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10135-K Photocatalytic degradation of an indigoid dye in water over Fe-ZSM5 zeolite using hydrogen peroxide A. Salary*, M. Bagherzadeh Kasiri1 , H. Aleboyeh1 Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Traitement des Effluents, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Université de Haute Alsace, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ; [email protected])

Abstract The objective of this paper is to study the photo-assisted decolourisation and degradation of C.I. Acid Blue 74 dye, by using Fecontained zeolite, ZSM5, as a heterogeneous catalyst in UV/H2O2 process. The catalyst was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. All experiments were performed on a cylindrical batch photo-reactor equipped whit a UV lamp (9 W) inserted in the centre. The effects of initial concentrations of the dye and H2O2, amount of catalyst and initial pH of the solution were studied. Process efficiency was evaluated on the basis of reduction of total organic carbon of the solution. The results indicated that by using 32 mM of H2O2 and 0.5 g L-1 of the catalyst at pH 5, about 73% total organic carbon of a solution containing 40 mg L-1 Acid Blue 74 could be removed after 90 min of the treatment. The activity of the catalyst is not due to leached iron ions. Significantly lower concentration of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the solution after the treatment could give a great advantage to UV/Fe-ZSM5/H2O2 system over the homogeneous Fenton process. Initial concentration of H2O2 and catalyst loading are the main factors that have strong influence on the photocatalytic degradation of the dye. Keywords: AOP, Dye Mineralization, Fe-ZSM5, UV/H2O2

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10168-K Membrane processes in water and wastewater treatment C. Wisniewski UMR Génie des Procédés, Eau et bioproduits, Laboratoire de Physique Moléculaire et Structurale, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France, (Email : [email protected]) Abstract Because of the imposition of new water quality requirements, that exceed the capabilities of conventional treatment processes, membranes technologies constitute now alternative processes for many treatment applications. With their recent technical advances, membrane systems are now capable of responding to the different standards related to water and wastewater treatment with suitable energy requirements and operating costs. The objective of the proposed paper is to examine succinctly the basics of membranes and to describe summarily membrane filtration technologies in water and wastewater treatment. Keywords: Membrane and Membrane Technology, Water and Wastewater Treatment

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10335-K Movement of contaminants in Karstified carbonate rocks E. Prohic Ambassador of Republic of Croatia to I.R. Iran and Former professor of Environmental issues at the Faculty of Science, University of Zgareb Croatia (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Many pollutants have been found to be ubiquitous in nature; that is, every environmental compartment shows some level of contamination but with different and sometimes peculiar behaviour depending on type of the compartment. Modelers like to divide nature into more easily mathematically described boxes to enable pollutant modeling. There are two basic goals of pollutant modeling: to explain how pollutant got where it is (a form of thermodynamic equilibrium) and to predict how fast a pollutant will move through an environmental compartment in the future (a form of kinetics). Dynamic flow system and transport of contaminants in specific karstic aquifers result from the actions of physical and chemical processes involving aqueous systems containing certain contaminants. These processes are elaborated, and pertinent mathematical and chemical equations are discussed, herein. Contaminant transport in karstic aquifers can be mathematically expressed by the basic equations evaluated primarily for the flow in porous, higly permeable aquifers. The effects of advection, hydrodynamic dispersion, and dilution are elaborated as physical processes that effect the movement of contaminants through groundwater in permeable rocks. Physical and chemical mechamisms that govern contaminant movement and groundwater flow through fractured media are proposed as the basis of an approximate scenario of contaminant transport through karstified carbonate rocks. Keywords: Karst, Groundwater, Contaminants ,Transport Modeling

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10367-K The application of response surface methodology for the optimization of an anaerobic biological process for the treatment of a reactive azo dye containing wastewater Z.Khalili1, B.Bonakdarpour1, 2* 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O.Box15875-4413., Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ) 2 Food Process Engineering and Biotechnology Research Centre, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Abstract The effect of initial dye, glucose and MLSS concentrations at three levels on the decolourisation efficiency and COD removal in a process in which a synthetic wastewater containing Reactive black 5 was anaerobically treated using activated sludge was studied using central composite design methodology. Statistical analysis of the data showed that glucose and MLSS concentrations had a significant effect on both the dye decolourisation efficiency and COD removal. The interaction between dye and glucose was important in the dye decolourisation process whereas there was interaction between glucose and MLSS in both the dye decolourisation and COD removal processes. Regression models were presented for prediction of both the dye decolourisation and COD removal as a function of the different coded levels of the three factors. The dye, glucose and MLSS concentrations (in mg/l) which resulted in the highest RB5 decolourisation efficiency of 99.8% were predicted as 130.8 mg/l, 546.9 mg/l and 3022.6 respectively. Keyword: Activated Sludge, Azo Dye Decolorization, Reactive Black 5, CCD, COD Removal

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10425-K Experimental validation and simulation for the membrane bioreactors optimization M. Heran, J. Lobos, J. Lebegue, A. Grasmick CC05 Place Eugene Bataillon, Montpellier, France (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Membrane bioreactors are hybrid processes for treating wastewater, combining a treatment stage using a biological system with a separation stage by membrane filtration. Active biomass content is a determining factor in the decontamination reactor stage, whereas total biomass and co-product contents are the key parameters in controlling the membrane separation operation. This work aims to evaluate the impact of two operating parameters: Solid retention time (SRT) and organic load (OL) for biomass contents and soluble microbial products (SMP). To do so, the ASM3 model was adapted to allow the calculation of these coproducts formation. This modified model (ASMm) was first validated using experimental data, and then used to simulate the impact of SRT and OL on suspension composition in terms of biomass and soluble microbial products. The steady state values of the active biomass concentration (XBH), the total biomass concentration (XSS) (active biomass + inert suspended solid), and the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) were obtained for each condition. Thus the observed conversion yield was evaluated (YOBS). The results show that, if the SRT increases, the XBH increases until a maximal value. In the other hand, a constant increase evolution of the XSS is observed, without reach a saturation value. Therefore, the suspended solids accumulation after this maximal value are due to a dilution of the active biomass by inert compounds coming from endogenous respiration and also, inert influent. If the OLR restricted the amount of active biomass, on the contrary, high SRT induced high XSS concentration, thus generating rheological sludge properties that penalize the phenomena of mixing, oxygenation and membrane separation. The application of the models simulations is also useful to obtain most favorable operations conditions in membrane bioreactors for efficient organic matter removal, sludge production and oxygen transfer costs reduction. Keywords: MBR, Modeling, SMP, ASM 3, Activ Biomass

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10438-K Hydrocarbon contaminant fate, transport, clean-up and remediation conceptual, analytical and numerical model development and its application through porous media and free surface computational fluid dynamic simulations B. Taheri1, K. Mazaheri2, M. Zeinalpoor2, E. Jahanbakhsh2, B. Bidmeshki3 1

International Department of Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT's Joint Program with the University of Birmingham) and Adjunct HSE Faculty in the Petroleum Engineering Department of the AUT, Tehran, Iran 2 Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran 3 University of Tehrtan, Tehran, Iran Abstract The issues of hydrocarbon contamination of ground, groundwater and free-surface flows are some of the hardest pressing issues facing the petroleum industry and our living environment. In particular, when the contamination migrates to the underground the cost of cleanup becomes formidably intolerable. Adding to the frustration is the lack of knowledge and information about what exactly goes on in the underground and which processes and mechanisms are acting and to which extent. While, the engineering complexities of free surface contaminant transport are less in comparison to the underground, however, the mathematical and numerical sophistication needed to deal with the free-surface modeling are tremendous. Hence, developing a detailed engineering cleanup plan both in the conceptual design step and in the real site cleanup work are always very difficult tasks. The lack of existence of such accurate tools is always the source of very expensive field trial and errors, loss of money, waste of precious time and further spread of contamination due to inadequacy of insight in the trial and error methods and techniques. This is a problem facing the upstream (mud pits in onshore drillings, leakages and blowouts in onshore and offshore drilling and production projects), midstream (corroded pipes and accidentally ruptured pipelines on the ground and in the sea, petroleum shipping accidents, ground fuel transportation accidents and leakages) and downstream (leakages from refineries and petrochemical plants) sectors of the petroleum industry. The cleanup costs for these projects add up to billions of dollars worldwide annually . Y 30 Z

Extremely elaborate and accurate conceptual, mathematical and numerical models are developed and are under further construction that simulates the fate and transport of contaminants in free-surface, soil and in groundwater as solute phase and as immiscible LNAPL two-phase flows. The costeffectiveness and results of application of models for specific cases for up to tens of years (in the porous media case) and its application for designing elaborate and accurate engineering plans for control of spread and cleanup of contaminated soil and groundwater are shown through simulation and high level animation. A comparison of FVM technique and SPH method are also shown for simulation of free-surface flows, demonstrating the effectiveness of both the Eulerian and Lagrangian methods of simulation. Keywords: Porous media, Free-Surface, Hydrocarbon, Contaminant, Fate, Treatment, Numerical, Simulation

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10439-K Present wastewater treatment situation in Iran J. Shayegan, H. Abutorab, A. Moradi, A. Asgharzadeh, Sharif University of Technology Water and Wastewater Engineering Company Abstract The main sources of wastewater in Iran are divided in three sections: domestic, large polluting industries and industrial estate effluents. Only 20% Out of 4 million cubic meters of municipal wastewater, is treated in 106 wastewater treatment plants (until September 2009) and the rest (80%) is discharged directly to the sewage wells, rivers, lakes and sea, and agricultural lands without any proper treatment. It is estimated that the amount of industrial wastewater, from the most noticeable polluting industries, is over 100 million cubic meters from which only 40% is treated poorly. The situation in industrial estates is the same; only 80 out of 345 industrial estates have recently equipped with proper wastewater treatment plants and another 65 are still under construction. The rest (over 200) don’t have any treatment facilities. The total BOD loads of existing wastewater treatment plants are about 45,000 ton/yr. 75% of this load is treated by aerobic systems and 25% by anaerobic aerobic combination. Over 7 billion dollars capital investments are needed for wastewater collection and treatment facilities for the rest of the towns. Having done so, apart from pollution prevention of water resources, about 500,000 hectares of agricultural land will be irrigated by treated effluents. As concluding remarks, the role of government and existing challenges are discussed and some suggestions are proposed.

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10440-K An integrated approach for industrial wastewater stormwater management in a wood-based factory - Feasibility of using “non-conventional” sorbents in a Pilot scale F. Kaczala, W. Hogland, M. Marques Environmental Engineering and Recovery The School of Pure & Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden. (E-mails: [email protected] and [email protected]) Abstract: Water is a natural resource that has been overexploited and consequently, polluted and depleted all over the world. Simultaneously, aquatic ecosystems have suffered from polluted waters discharged from point sources (industrial and urban wastewater) and non point sources (polluted water runoff from roads, agriculture areas, etc). Since water is one of the most important inputs for basically all industrial sectors, more efficient use and effective treatment strategies are needed. Whereas the pulp and paper - considered the second highest consumers of freshwater in Europe – has already been provided with good wastewater characterization and treatment technologies, other industries in the wood sector (e.g. furniture, floor production, etc), which do not use water for manufacturing processes, still generate different wastewater streams after: (i) cleaning/washing of machineries that apply adhesives and coatings onto the wood surfaces; (ii) cleaning/washing of machineries that apply specific products for the curing phase of adhesives; (iii) cleaning/washing of sharp planar blades used for the sawn process and to prepare wood surfaces for the adhesive application; (iv) cleaning/washing of the floor; (v) cleaning/ washing of trucks and vehicles. Dilution of those lowvolume highly polluted wastewater, followed by discharge into the sewage system is not acceptable any longer, since the construction, operation and maintenance of conventional wastewater treatment plantsWWTP is not appropriate. Nevertheless, these discharges can adversely affect the municipal wastewater biological treatment systems. Therefore, it is necessary proper characterization, treatability studies, designing and testing alternative small cost-effective treatment systems, simple and flexible to meet the demands of this sector. Stormwater runoff (problem highlighted by the EU Water Framework Directive). Cost effectiveness in Y 33 Z

handling of these waters is questionable, particularly for low volumes. Sorption methods are flexible, easy to operate and generate less sludge. Besides different types of commercial adsorbents, several low-cost adsorbents able to sequester heavy metals have been extensively studied, being many of them generated at forestry activities, with advantageous chemical characteristics. The current paper present general aspects on integrated water management in industry and more in detail the first preliminary results from a pilot treatment system consisting of an equalization tank, settling/sedimentation tank and two sorption reactors in parallel using Pinus sylvestris sawdust as sorbent. The TPHs and Oils are reduced by an average of 54% and 38% respectively in the first reactor and by 39% and 17% in the second. However, the results suggest that the wood-based sorbent might pose some constraints with the leaching of compounds such as tannins, lignins, phenols, cellulose and some resin acids. Keywords: Industrial Wastewater, Treatment, Sorption, Sawdust, Pinus Sylvestris, Sedimentation

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10441-K From surface modification of membranes to the definition of defect free membranes J. C. Remigy University of Sabatier, Tolouse Sedex 4, France (E-mails: [email protected]) Abstract: Since many years, researchers and companies, who produce membranes, were interested in the surface modification of membranes to adapt existing ones to the needs in particular for the water treatment. The modifications aim at changing the nature of surface: to increase the hydrophily, to graft ionic groups, to change roughness or to decrease the pore sizes. Various ways were studied to modify the surface of organic or inorganic membranes: the use of plasmas, the chemical or radiochemical grafting in particular the UV photografting. The surface modification of membranes using photografting was the object of many publications in particular in the years 1990-2000. In the field of filtration, the first work, published by Nyström [1991], concerned the reduction of the adsorption of proteins on membrane in order to limit the fouling. At our laboratory, we were interested in the photografting of positively charged polymers on UF polysulfone membranes to produce NF membrane for softening water (Spoiler, 2003) and negatively charged polymers for the retention of organic dyes (Akbari, 2003). These techniques made it possible to successfully produce membranes of nanofiltration starting from a 10kDa UF membrane. Nevertheless, the quality of the virgin membranes largely influences the success of the modification. Thus, the presence of defects on virgin surface can lead to the production a low permeable modified membrane with poor retention capacities. A simple model of the growth of the grafted layer makes it possible to highlight the phenomenon due to the presence of defects. It is then necessary to define the ideal membrane for surface modification. This definition of the defect free membrane, that is applicable to other fields using of membranes, will be discussed.

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10442-K Effect of ultrasonic, ozonation and thermal treatment on sludge solubilisation by biological digestion methods M.R. Salsabil1, M. Casellas2, C. Dagot 2, M. Baudu2 1

Member of Faculty-Industrial of Water and Power industry High Training Institute (W. P. H. T. I) –Mashhad, Iran 2 Groupe de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, ENSIL Parc ESTER. 16, rue Atlantis BP 6804 - 87068 LIMOGES Cedex – France (E-Mail: [email protected]) Abstract: Anaerobic digestion is the standard technique to treat the biological sludge with the benefits of mass reduction, methane production, and improved dewatering properties of the fermented sludge. Due to the rate limiting step of sludge hydrolysis, anaerobic degradation is a slow process with typical digestion time up to 20 or more days, and large digesters are thus necessary. Anaerobic digestion which allows a reduction of sludge quantity has become one common method of sludge stabilisation due to the production of biogas that makes the process profitable. Several pre-treatment, such as mechanical (ultrasounds), chemical (ozonation), thermal or/and biological (enzymatic) treatments can be used in order to enhance the efficiency of aerobic and anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. The objective of this work is to study the effects of ultrasound, ozonation and thermal treatment on the solid content of sludge and its biological activity. During sonication, ozonation and thermal treatment, solubilization of COD, Proteins, Nitrogen, Carbohydrates and solids have been improved, flocks were broken and compounds (especially refractory compounds) were made soluble and these pre-treatments caused the lysis or disintegration of sludge cells. For thermal treatment, we have used two different treatments. First, the treatment that was carried out at lower than 100°C (at this study, we have used 90°C and 60 min of contact time by Bain-Mary) and second, the treatment that was carried out at higher than 100°C (at this study, we have used 121°C for 15 min and 1.5atm Pressure by Autoclave). For ozone pre-treatment we have selected five samples of sludge with a predefined concentration. Each of these samples was subject to ozonation with 180W of power, 0.7 bar of pressure, 600 NL/h of debit, during 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Also, we studied the effect of ultrasound treatment on the activated sludge with low frequency and high intensity (200,000 kj/kg-TSS, 50w and 80min) applied to batch aerobic and anaerobic sludge. Consequently, BOD, COD, carbohydrates, protein, Y 36 Z

nitrogen and solids were removed and a significant reduction of excess sludge production as well as an increase in biogas production has been happened. We compared the three pre-treatment mentioned above with sample control (none pre-treated) in the same condition using the same sludge sample. In all case, with or without pre-treatment, the BOD/COD ratio is reduced due to the decrease of organic materials. In anaerobic digestion, BOD/COD ratios were 85%, 95%, 72% and 89% for control sample, ultrasonic, thermal and ozonation treatment, respectively. In aerobic digestion, BOD/COD ratios were 87%, 65%, 21% and 19% for control sample, ultrasonic, thermal and ozonation treatment, respectively. The efficiency of TSS in anaerobic treatment is more than that of aerobic treatment. In aerobic digestion, the efficiencies of TSS were 57%, 59.5%, 61% and 68% for control sample, ultrasonic, thermal and ozonation treatment, respectively. In anaerobic digestion, the efficiencies of TSS were 70%, 74%, 72% and 75% for control sample, ultrasonic, thermal and ozonation treatment, respectively. Based on our results, during batch anaerobic digestion the volume of produced biogas showed an improvement of 69.65% for ultrasonic, 30.45% for thermal and 27.79% for ozonation treatment. Our results show that the optimal results are achieved by using anaerobic batch reactors in the ultrasonic treatment.

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10443-K Alternate anoxic/aerobic operation for nitrogen removal in a membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment G. Guglielmi, G. Andreottola 1

Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Trento, 38100, Trento, Italy (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract: A large pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a conventional denitrification/nitrification scheme for municipal wastewater treatment has been run for one year under two different aeration strategies for the oxidation/nitrification compartment. During the first five months air was supplied according to the dissolved-oxygen setpoint and the system run as a conventional pre-denitrification MBR. Then, an intermittent aeration strategy based on effluent ammonia nitrogen was adopted in the aerobic compartment in order to assess the impact on process performances in terms of N and P removal, energy consumption and sludge reduction. The experimental inferences show a significant improvement of the effluent quality as COD and total nitrogen, both due to a better utilization of the denitrification potential which is a function of the available electron donor (biodegradable COD) and electron acceptor (nitric nitrogen); particularly, nitrogen removal increased form 67% up to 75 %. At the same time, a more effective biological phosphorus removal was observed as a consequence of better selection of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (dPAO). The longer duration of anoxic phases also reflected in a lower excess sludge production (12% decrease) compared with the standard predenitrification operation and in a decrease of energy consumption for oxygen supply (about 50%). Keywords: MBR, Municipal Wastewater, Intermittent Aeration, Nutrient Removal, Energy Consumption, Sludge Production

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10444-K Experimental and numerical investigation of biofilm growth and hydrodynamic /biomass interaction in a granular bioreactor P. Séchet 1,*, M. Karrabi 1, Ch. Morra 1,2, Ch. Geindreau3, J. Martins 2, A. Cartellier1 1

Laboratoire des Ecoulements Géophysiques et Industriels, UMR 5519 CNRS-UJF-G-INP, BP 53X, Cedex 09 Grenoble, France (Email : *[email protected]) 2 Laboratoire des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement, UMR 5564 CNRS-UJF-G-INP, BP 53X, Cedex 09 Grenoble, France. 3 Laboratoire Sol-Solide-Structure-Risque, UMR 5521 CNRS-UJF-G-INP, BP 53X, Cedex 09 Grenoble, Franc Abstract: Biofilters are efficient tools for pollution removal. These bioreactors suffer however from some drawbacks. Among them, clogging is very detrimental. To optimize the design and operating conditions of such processes, it is necessary to have a better understanding of the complex interactions occurring in these bioreactors. Indeed, from these interactions depend the biomass distribution in the system, the quality of the treatment as well as the nature and structure of the detached biomass. This task is difficult as many processes are involved at various scales. They include: (i) biological and chemical transformations (ii) transport phenomena (iii) mechanical interactions. Many works have been done on the coupling between the local hydrodynamic and biofilm growth as well the coupling between hydrodynamic and bio-clogging in porous media. In the frame of experiments, most of the works were performed in small column, for media accounting essentially for soil or aquifer clogging. Few reliable experiments are available at pilot scale or industrial biofilter scale on this problem. Such experiments are however essential to better understand these systems and help their modelling and design. This paper aims to present an experiment performed on a laboratory scale pilot to study the coupling between biomass growth, hydrodynamic and pollution removal efficiency in a biofilter. In this presentation, a pilot scale experimental setup and the methodology developed to validate the experiment as well to analyse the raw data are presented. Preliminary results are shown, in particular the coupling between permeability reduction and biomass growth. The experimental results are compared with theoretical laws available in the Y 39 Z

literature. From these results, a methodology aiming to analyse the dynamic behaviour of the system is presented and the ability of a simple 1D model to describe this dynamic behaviour is adressed. Keywords: Biofiltration, Experiment, Modeling, Hydrodynamic, Coupling

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10446-K Nanotechnoloy: an emerging technology for wastewater treatment and site remediation – perspective and potential risks S. Nasseri Department of Environmental Health Engineering, and Center for Environmental Research (CER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Abstract: During the last three decades the applications of nanotechnology have been widely developed in both research and full-scale activities. Nanotechnology broadly refers to the following fields: 1. use of materials and structures with dimensions less than 100nm; 2. creation and use of structures and devices that have novel properties and functions because of their small or intermediate size, and 3. ability to be controlled or manipulated on the atomic scale. In environmental aspects of nanotechnology, the basic objective of separation and removal of contaminants from water and wastewater or polluted sites, has been emphasized. Different types of organic-based pollutants (such as pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)), inorganics (nitrate and arsenic) and even biological contaminants may be efficiently removed through the application of appropriate categories of nanotechnology. On the other hand, use of nonmetallic particles is being increasingly developed. Meanwhile, it seems that regarding the large range of nanotechnology potential, research activities should focus on the economic feasibility aspect of this emerging technology. Also the toxicity and safety concerns of nanotechnology for both the environment and the human life should highly be considered.

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10450-K

Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Drinking Water Standard of Iran (DWS – Iran) A. Torabian Department of Environmental Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Abstract Access to safe drinking-water is important as a health and development issue at a national, regional and local level. In order to develop an understanding of the national drinking-water situation, the national public health authority should periodically produce reports outlining the state of national water quality and highlighting public health concerns and priorities in the context of overall public health priorities. This implies the need for effective exchange of information between local, regional and national agencies. Physical and chemical characteristics of drinking national water standard of Iran have been revised in 2009 at University of Tehran. In revising this new national standard, the standard revised according to new revisions on World health Organization (WHO), and Environmental Protection Agency of Unites States (EPA. USA). In new standard, the parameters divided to 2 categories of Admissible Limits (ALs) and Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) are enforceable while Admissible Limits (ALs) are not enforceable. The MCLs are based on health based targets but ALs are based on acceptability (taste and odor), economical, operational aspects and treatment technologies and water treatment budget. In setting acceptability parameter limits, national situations are considered to compatibility of Iran's geological and local situation. Turbidity, taste, odor and pH are set as physical parameters. Chemical parameters divided to organic and inorganic parameters. And, each of them divided to some parts. Beside these, radionuclide parameters revised according to up-todate references. Also, total free residual chlorine and total organic carbon (TOC) standards are reviewed as monitoring parameters. All of pesticides are putted in new version of standard but that is mentioned that local water authorities just consider used pesticides as their require parameters in assessing their water treatment. Also, pesticide parameters classified according to their family and use. Other parameters are revised according to up to date references such as WHO and EPA. Finally, effective exchanges of information between local, regional and national agencies have been performed to revise of standard. Effective monitoring and budget allocation for upgrading of treatment plants in Iran must be considered in order to be in compliance with revised standard. Kew Words: Physical, Chemical Characteristics, Drinking Water Standard, national, Iran. Y 42 Z

10451-K Application of chemical reagent for soil mercury extraction in speciation studies N. Issaro, S. Besançon, A. Bermond Laboratoire de chimie analytique AgroParisTech 16 rue Claude Bernard 75213 Paris Cedex 05, France (E-mail: [email protected] ; [email protected] ; [email protected]) Abstract Soil mercury speciation, aiming at quantitative identification of mercury species in the medium, provides useful information of toxicology, bioavailability and biogeochemical activity that are inaccessible even with only total mercury determination. Actually, mercury mobility depends strongly on its different chemical forms that will defining its transport pathway: immobilised in soil, volatilised to atmosphere, plant uptake, carried into other soil-compartment as well as into hydrosphere (groundwater, lake, river and ocean). For this purpose, it is a prime importance to use an appropriate chemical reagent(s) to extract soil Hgspecies and, thus, the “key” to speciation determination is the appropriate choice of reagent. Nevertheless, neither specific extractants nor standard protocols exist for the isolation of particular mercury forms. Although there has been considerable research focused on reagents for extracting mercury species, there is still little consensus. Among the discussions, sequential extraction approach, using a series of reagents, has been suffered from operational interpretation while a single extraction study, more specific approach using one reagent, seems to be scarce. For this reason, our work emphasises the validation of a sole reagent using for the latter manner. Beside this, the interferences causing by reagent used and soil matrix have been taken into account. As the matter of fact, we demonstrate, in our presentation, the selected reagent and its convenient operational conditions for soil mercury extraction. Once the pertinent reagent is defined, the feasibility of a kinetic fractionation methodology and its associated experimental results will be presented as a specifying tool of soil mercury mobility. Keyword: Contaminated Soil, Kinetic Fractionation, Matrix Interference, Reagent Interference, Mercury Extraction, Speciation

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PART THREE ORAL & POSTER PAPERS

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ORAL PAPERS Ö Adsorption / Biosorption Processes [10017] APPLICATION OF ALMOND GREEN HULL FOR THE REMOVAL OF COBALT ION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. *Ali Ahmadpour, Masoome Tahmasbi, Tahereh Rohani Bastami, J. Amel. Besharati. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IRAN. [10038] BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY THE BROWN MARINE ALGAE OF THE OMAN SEA. Atefeh Abdolali, Negar Niakan, Parisa Rabbani,*Mohammad Mahdi Montazer-Rahmati. University of Tehran, Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, IRAN. [10056] ADSORPTION ISOTHERM STUDIES OF ACID DYE REMOVAL BY EXFOLIATED GRAPHITE. Amir Goshadrou, *Ahmad Moheb. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IRAN. [10059] EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON REMOVAL OF MTBE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY EXFOLIATED GRAPHITE. Bita Soltani, *Ahmad Moheb. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IRAN. [10099] ADSORPTION OF METHYLENE BLUE BY FLY ASH, CLAY AND WALNUT SHELL AS ADSORBENTS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION. A.A. Nazari Moghaddam, *Ghasem Najafpour, M. Mohammadi, A. Ramezani. Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, IRAN. [10111] DECOLORIZATION OF MOLASSES USING FLY ASH AS ADSORBENT. A. Ramezani, *Ghasem Najafpour, M. Mohammadi, A.A. Nazari Moghaddam. Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babbol, IRAN. [10126] DECOLORIZATION OF ACID RED 119 DYE FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER BY SLUDGE OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT. Shabnam Sadri Moghaddam, *Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghaddam, Mokhtar Arami. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10161] A COMPARISON STUDY OF ACTIVATED CARBON AND ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER FROM POLYACRONITRILE (PAN) FOR AQUEOUS MERCURY REMOVAL. Hadi Shamsi Jazeyi, *Tahereh Kaghazchi. Petrochemical Center of Excellence, Chemical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology,Tehran, IRAN.

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[10170] COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS ADSORPTION ON ACTIVATED CARBON, BENTONITE, TALK POWDER, RICE BRAN, AND SAW DUST. *Maryam Farahani, Ahmad Mirbagheri, Amir Hossein Javid. Environmental Science, Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN. [10177] ADSORPTION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON ON ORGANOCLAY. Masoomeh Sharafi Masooleh, *Mazdak Validi, Saeed Bazgir, Hamideh Gholami Kordkand. School of Engineering, Ghaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran, Ghaemshahr, IRAN. [10186] REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE FROM WASTEWATERS BY ABSORPTION ON TO SIPN HYDROGELS COMPOSED OF POLY (ACRYLAMIDE-CO- ACRYLICACID) AND POLY VINYL ALCOHOL. *Mojgan Zendehdel, Abolfazl Barati, Haniyeh Alikhani, Atefeh Hekmat. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, IRAN. [10189] ROW RICE BRAN AS A POTENTIALLY LOW LOST BIOSORBENT FOR ZINC ION (Zn (II)) REMOVAL. *Erfan Karimyan, Hassan Dashtian. Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10193] REMOVAL OF Ti(I) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING MODIFIED SUGAR BEET PULP AS A BIOSORBENT. *Javad Zolgharnein, Neda Asanjarani, Tahere Shariatmanesh. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Arak, Arak, IRAN. [10223] BIOSORPTION OF Cu(II) AND Zn(II) USING LIGNOCELLULOSIC FIBER DERIVED FROM CITRUS RETICULATA (KINNOW) WASTE BIOMASS. *Haq Nawaz, Rehana Boota, Muhammad Hanif. University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN. [10246] STUDY OF ARSENIC ADSORPTION IN WATER USING NANOSTRUCTURE FeOMC. *Soodeh Abedini, Reza Alizadeh. Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10311] RADIUM-226 BIOSORPTION BY BACTERIAL STRAINS FROM SOILS AND HOT-SPRING WATERS WITH HIGH NATURAL RADIATION. F. Zakeri, M.Sadeghizadeh, *K. Akbari Noghabi, M.R. Kardan, M.R. Farshidpour, M. Shoorian, A. Atarilar. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, IRAN. [10352] REMOVAL OF PAH CONTAMINATES USING BIOSORPTION AND ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION AT THE SAME TIME. *Mohammad Enayatzadeh, Bahram Nasernejad, Ali Ghannadzadeh. Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN.

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[10358] THE REMOVAL OF CIBACRON YELLOW FN-2R DYE: COAGULATION WITH SPHINGOMONAS PAUCIMOBILIS. *Yasaman Sanayei, Norli Binti Ismail, Teng Chong Siew, Norhashima. School of Industrial Technology, Environmental Technology Division, University Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, MALAYSIA. [10370] PAC COAGULANT FOR A HIGH POLLUTED PETROCHEMICAL WASTE WATER WITH OIL EMULSION. *Leila Azari. Mobin Petrochemical Plant, Assaluyeh, IRAN. [10384] PERFLUOROOCTYL ALUMINA WITH A DUAL APPLICABILITY FOR REMOVAL OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FROM AQUEOUS MEDIUM. *Amanollah Ebadi, Jafar Sadegh Soltan Mohammadzadeh, Sirous Shafiei. Chemical Engineering Department, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, IRAN. [10395] ADSORPTION AND ION EXCHANGE FIXED-BED OPERATION SCALEUP: A NEW PARAMETER TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT. Khatima DjerafiKaabeche, *Safia Semra, N. Bendjaballah-Lalaoui. Department of Industrial Chemistry, University Mentouri of Constantine, Route Ain El Bey, Constantine, ALGERIA. [10413] PREPARATION OF FE-DOPED MESOPOROUS SILICA SBA-15 FOR ADSORPTION OF CARBAZOLE. *Mansoor Anbia, Sh. Amir Mahmoodi, A. Shiri Garakani. Research Laboratory of Nanoporous Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10414] PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SURFACTANT MODIFIED MESOPOROUS SBA-15 SILICA MOLECULAR SIEVES FOR THE ADSORPTION OF CHROMATE ION FROM WASTEWATER. *Mansoor Anbia, Sh. Amir Mahmoodi, A. Shiri Garakani. Research Laboratory of Nanoporous Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10419] VERMICULITE CLAY MINERAL BARRIER (VCMB) SYSTEM FOR TREATED PAPER AND PULP MILL EFFLUENT. *Jayabalakrishnan Raja Mani, Mahimai Raja Santiago, Udayasoorian Chinniah. Young Scientist (DST), Department of Environmental Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, INDIA. [10420] VERMICULITE MONO AND MIXED COLUMNS THROUGH RAW SEWAGE EFFLUENT TREATMENT. *Jayabalakrishnan Raja Mani, Mahimai Raja Santiago, Udayasoorian Chinniah. Young Scientist (DST), Department of Environmental Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, INDIA. [10431] BIOSORPTION FOR A SELECTIVE REMOVAL. *G. Melodie Naja, Bohumil Volesky. McGill University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Montreal, CANADA. [10437] BACTERIAL SURFACE DISPLAY: A NEW APPROACH FOR BIOADSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS FROM EFFLUENTS. *Bagher Yakhchali. Y 49 Z

Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, IRAN.

ÖAdvanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) / Disinfection [10069] STUDY OF DEGRADATION KINETICS OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING ORGANIC COLORANT BY NANO PHOTO-CATALYTIC ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESS (UV/NANO-TIO2/ H2O2). Fatemeh Armand, *Khashayar Badii, Seyed Foad Aghamiri, Seyed Masoud Hashemi. Department of Environmental Researches, Institute for Colorants, Paints, and Coatings (ICPC), Tehran, IRAN. [10133] ACID RED 27’S SONOCATALYTIC DECOLORATION IN PRESENCE OF TIO2 NANOPARTICLES: EFFECTS OF POLLUTANT AND H2O2 INITIAL CONCENTRATION AND SONICATION POWER. *Ahmad Esmaielzadeh Kandjani, Nad Ali Arefiyan, Meisam Farzalipour Tabriz, Mohammad Reza Vaezi. Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Karaj, IRAN. [10136] DECOLOURISATION AND MINERALIZATION OF C.I. ACIDE ORANGE 7 DYE BY ASSISTED UV/H2O2 PROCESS. *Hamid. Aleboyeh, Mohammad Ebrahim Olya, Azam Aleboyeh. ENSCMu 3 rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse cedex FRANCE. [10315] COMPARISON OF THE REACTION KINETICS AND OPERATING COSTS OF PHENOL REMOVAL BY AOPS IN OLEFIN PLANT EFFLUENT. *Naser Jamshidi, Ali Akbar Azimi, Ali Torabian, Gholam Reza Nabi Bidhendi, Mohammad Taghi Jafarzadeh. National Petrochemical Company,Tehran, IRAN.

ÖBiotechnology (Aerobic Processes) [10041] AMMONIA REMOVAL FROM SWINE WASTEWATER USING MICROBIAL FUEL CELL (MFC). *Neda Faraghi, Sirous Ebrahimi, Reza Yegani, Masumeh Seifi. Biotechnology Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, IRAN. [10045] INVESTIGATION ON BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF PARANITROPHENOL CONTAMINATED WATER AND THE EFFECTIVE FACTORS. Pantea Pirieh, *Fereshteh Naeimpoor. Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10052] TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING FORMALDEHYDE IN A NOVEL ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTACTOR. *Elham Fatoorechi, Mehdi Borghei, Manouchehr Vosoughi, G. Kashfi. Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Research Y 50 Z

Center (BBRC), Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10053] COMPARISON OF 2, 4, 6-TRINITROTOLUENE (TNT) CONTAMINATED WATER BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT BY VARIOUS MICROORGANISMS. Gelareh Sheibani, *Fereshteh Naeimpoor. Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10075] MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN THE UK. *Simin Karimian. School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM. [10089] VALIDATION AND QUALIFICATION OF HIGH PURITY (HP) WATER SYSTEMS IN BIOPHARMACEUTICAL FACILITIES. *Alireza Jafari Arimi. Critical System Production Department, Research and Production Complex Pasteur Institute, Tehran, IRAN. [10120] BIORECOVERY OF HEAVY TOXIC METALS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER BY ADAPTED THIOBACILLUS FERROOXIDANS. Sima Molaei, Soheila Yaghmaei, *Z. Ghobadi. Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Research Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10122] HYDRODYNAMIC/BIOMASS COUPLING IN A GRANULAR BIOREACTOR : AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY. Mohsen Karrabi, *Philippe Sechet, Christophe Morra, Christian Geindreau, Jean Martins, A Cartellier. Laboratoire des Ecoulements Géophysiques et Industriels, UMR 5519 CNRS-UJF-G-INP, BP 53X, Cedex 09 Grenoble,, FRANCE. [10139] LINKING WOOD BIOENERGY PRODUCTION IN POPLAR AND WILLOW PLANTATIONS WITH SOILS AND WASTEWATER PHYTOREMEDIATION IN ITALY. *Pierluigi Paris, Angelo Massacci, Anna Aromolo, A. Ecosse, Daniele Bianconi, Giuseppe Scarascia-Mugnozza. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche- Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, aVia G. Marconi 2, 05010 Porano (Tr), ITALY. [10146] CADMIUM TOXICITY REDUCTION USING EDTA AND ITS INFLUENCE ON GROWTH AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO). *Ali Sadough, Rezvan Ahmadi, Ruhollah Rahimi, Fatemeh Rezaie. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, IRAN. [10174] STUDY OF PHENOL BIODEGRADATION IN AN EXTERNAL LOOP AIRLIFT BIOREACTOR USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY. Maryam Khakbaz Varkani, *Fereshteh Naeimpoor. University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tehran, IRAN.

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[10195] WASTE WATER TREATMENT AND POWER GENERATION FROM CHEESE PROCESSING WASTE WATER USING BIOLOGICAL FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY. *Mostafa Rahimnejad, Nader Mokhtarian, Ghasem Najafpour, Ali Asghar Ghoreyshi, W. Ramli Wan Daud. School of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, IRAN. [10196] LANDFILL LEACHATE TREATMENT USING AEROBIC THERMOPHILIC TREATMENT PROCESS. Navid Moghadam, *Mohsen Nosrati, S.A. Shojaosadati. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IRAN. [10197] BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF A BAGASSE-BASED SODA PLANT EFFLUENT WITH CORIOLUS VERSICOLOR. Reaz Naghdi, Ali Naghi Karimi, *Yahya Hamzeh, Ahmad Jahan Latibari, Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie, Elham Nadali. Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, IRAN. [10304] ANALYSIS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT POND FROM A GELATIN INDUSTRY, USING APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY TECHNIQUES. Hossein Najibi, Nasser Najibi. Department Of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad, IRAN. [10327] BIODEGRADATION OF STARCH BLENDED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE FILM BY NEWLY ISOLATED PHANEROCHATEA CHYROSOSPORIUM PV1. *Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali, Geoff Robson, Imran Javed, Bashir Ahmad, S. Shoukat, Saadia Andleeb, Naima Atiq, Pir Bux Ghumro, Abdul Hameed, Safia Ahmed. Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, PAKISTAN. [10328] BIODEGRADATION OF ANTHRAQUINONE DYE BY ASPERGILLUS NIGER SA1 IN SELF DESIGNED FLUIDIZED BED BIOREACTOR. *Saadia Andleeb, Naima Atiq, Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali, F. Ur-Rehman, Geoffrey D Robson, A. Hameed, Safia Ahmad. Department Of Microbiology, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN. [10372] BIODEGRADATION OF SYNTHETIC DYES BY PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM FUNGUS; APPLICATION OF A FLUIDIZED BED BIOREACTOR. *Mostafa Zahmatkesh, Fatemeh Tabandeh, Sirous Ebrahimi. Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, IRAN. [10430] ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A FUNGUS DECOLOURISING THE DISTILLERY EFFLUENT. *Neethu S.Kumar, Seyed Amirali Raeisosadat. Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, INDIA.

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ÖBiotechnology (Anaerobic Processes) [10142] BIOREGENERATION OF GAC PARTICLES LOADED WITH VOLATILE AROMATIC COMPOUND IN ANAEROBIC BIOREACTOR. *Mehrdad Farhadian, A. Zinatizadeh, M. Borghei, David Duchez, C. Larroche. Isfahan High Education and Research Institute, Isfahan, IRAN. [10208] STUDYING THE POSSIBILITY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL DISTILLATORY UNITS USING UASB METHOD "PILOT STUDY". *Ehsan Azimi Ghalibaf, Seied Jamaledin Hashemian, Atefeh Einafshar. Water & Wastewater Treatment Department of Kavosh Pay Consulting Engineers Co., Mashhad, IRAN. [10222] EFFECTS OF SALINITY AND EMPTY BED CONTACT TIME ON SIMULTANEOUS HETEROTROPHIC AND SULFUR BASED AUTOTROPHIC DENITRIFICATION. *Behnoush Aminzadeh, Ali Torabian, Ali Akbar Azimi, Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi, Nasser Mehrdadi. Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10233] FULL SCALE PERFORMANCE OF COMPOST`S LEACHATE TREATMENT BY BIOLOGICAL ANAEROBIC FILTERS. *Nader Mokhtarani, Asghar Bayatfard, Babak Mokhtarani. Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, IRAN. [10424] EFFLUENT USING PCR-BASED DGGE AND FISH ANALYSIS. *Meisam Tabatabaei, Mohd Rafein Zakaria, Raha Abdul Rahim, André-Denis G. Wright, Yoshihito Shirai, Norhani Abdullah, Kenji Sakai, Shinya Ikeno, Masatsugu Mori, Nakamura Kazunori, Alawi Sulaiman, Mohd Ali Hassan. Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400, Serdang, Selangor, MALAYSIA.

ÖBiotechnology (Anaerobic Processes) SBR [10125] EFFECT OF ADDING GAC TO SBR SYSTEM FOR TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINS A REACTIVE DYE. Amir Asadi Vaighan, *Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghaddam, Hossein Hashemi. Department of Civil Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10318] A STUDY ON ORGANICS, NUTRIENTS, COLIFORMS REMOVAL AND SLUDGE REDUCTION IN CONTINUOUS FLOW AND INTERMITTENTLY DECANT SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR.*Anwar Khursheed, Abid Ali Khan, Vinay Kumar Tyagi, Absar Ahmad Kazmi. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, INDIA.

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[10351] NITROGEN REMOVAL IN A FOUR-STEP FEED ALTERNATING ANOXIC-OXIC SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR. Pouria Jabari Barjasteh, *Babak Bonakdarpour, Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghaddam. Department of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖElectro / Photo / Thermo Chemical Treatment [10009] SYNTHESIS OF STRUCTURED HYBRID MATERIALS BY SELFASSEMBLY, A GOOD OPPORTUNITY FOR EXTRACTIVE CHEMISTRY. *Ahmad Mehdi. ICGM, CMOS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, FRANCE. [10050] CONTROLLING PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF TITANIA THROUGH MICROSTRUCTURE TO TREAT WASTE WATERS. *Shahab Khameneh Asl, M. Kian pour Rad, S.K. Sadr Nezhaad, New Materials Group, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Karaj, IRAN. [10105] PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF PHENOL USING IMMOBILIZED TIO2 IN A SPECIALIZED COLUMN REACTOR. *Sadra Souzanchi, Farzaneh Vahabzadeh, Shahrzad Fazel. Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10165] APPLICATION OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY IN ELECTROCHEMICAL REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS (Cd 2+, Ni 2+, Cr3+, Hg2+) FROM TWO INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE SAMPLES. *Davoud Biria, Ehsan Maghsoudi, Ashkan Tavakoli, R. Roostaazad. Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10202] SYNTESIS OF ZNS NANOCRYSTAL AND INVESTIGATION OF ITS PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY IN PHOTODECOLORIZATION OF DYE SOLUTION CONTAINING C.I. ACID BLUE 9. *Soheil Aber, Ali Reza Khataee, Habib Mehrizade. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN. [10298] DECOLORIZATION AND REMOVAL OF DISPERSE DYE SBB DIANIX BLUE BY ELECTRON BEAM AND ELECTROCOAGULATION. *Mohammad Reza Parsaian, Ali Alimondegari, Abbas Behjat. Radiation Application Research School, Yazd, IRAN. [10360] RADIOLYTIC TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTEWATERS WITH HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRONS. *Abbas Behjat, Shayesteh Dadfarnia, Mohammad Reza Parsaeian, A. M. Salmanzadeh, F. Anvari, M. Kheirkhah. Physics Department, Atomic and Molecular group, Yazd University, Yazd, IRAN.

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[10452] IMPORTANT PARAMETERS FOR THE SETTING UP OF SLUDGE REDUCTION PRODUCTION PROCESSES (SONICATION, OZONATION AND THERMAL TREATMENT) BEFORE AEROBIC OR ANAEROBIC DIGESTION. M. R. Salsabil, M. Casellas, C. Dagot. Water and Power Industry High Training Institute, Mashad, IRAN.

ÖMembrane / Electro Dialysis [10026] REVERSE OSMOSIS OF REFINERY OILY WASTEWATER EFFLUENTS. Abdolhamid Salahi, *Toraj Mohammadia, Fatemeh Rekabdar, H. Mahdavi. Research Centre for Membrane Separation processes, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10063] PREPARATION OF POLYSULFONE NANO-STRUCTURED MEMBRANE FOR REMOVAL METAL IONS FROM WATER. *Ahmad Akbari, Maryam Homayoonfal. Nano Science and Nano Technology Institute, University of Kashan, Kashan, IRAN. [10066] REMOVAL OF BTX COMPOUNDS FROM WASTEWATERS BY MFI ZEOLITE MEMBRANES-BASED PERVAPORATION PROCESS. Rezvan Torkaman, Mohammad Soltanieh, *Hossein Kazemian. SPAG Zeolite Group, Technology Incubator, Science & Technol, Sharif University, Tehran, IRAN. [10092] HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM REMOVAL FROM WATER OF THE WELLS OF SARBISHE PLAIN IN SOUTHERN KHORASAN. *Ali Torabian, Aliasghar Ghadimkhani, Ali Mohammadpour, A.R. Mehrabadi. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10113] APPLICATION OF NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANES IN THE SEPARATION OF AMOXICILLIN FROM PHARMACEUTICAL WASTEWATER. Ali Shahtalebi, *Mohammad H Sarrafzadeh, S Hamid Hashemi, Mohammad M MontazerRahmati. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10209] APPLICATION OF ED AND EDI PROCESSES IN NAOH RECOVERY FROM MEROX SPENT CAUSTIC WASTE. Narjes Keramati, *Ahmad Moheb, Mohammad Reza Ehsani. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IRAN. [10225] REMOVAL OF PHENOL SULFONIC ACID FROM CONTAMINATED WATERS BY RO PROCESS, PHYSICOCHEMICAL TREATMENT AND GAC ADSORPTION. *Azadeh Torabian, Amir Hesam Hasani, Esmaeil Esmaeily, Laleh Syfy. Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Company, IRAN. Y 55 Z

[10268] EVALUATION OF BLOCKING MECHANISM IN OILY WASTEWATER FROM REFINERY PROCESSES TREATMENT USING ULTRAFILTRATION. *Ali Gheshlaghi, Seyyed Siavash Madaeni, Fatemeh Rekabdar, Hamed Salahe. Razi University, Kermanshah, IRAN. [10339] APPLICATION OF LOW-TEMPERATURE PLASMA IN THE SURFACE MODIFICATION OF MEMBRANES IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT. Zahra Nouri Felegari, *Mohammd Reza Mehrnia. Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10373] PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL THIN FILM COMPOSITE POLYAMIDE NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANES FOR WATER TREATMENT. *Ahmad Rahimpour, Mohsen Jahanshahi, Narmin Mortazavian. Nanobiotechnology research laboratory, faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, IRAN. [10396] INVESTIGATION OF FOULING REDUCTION METHODS OF REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE USED FOR TREATMENT OF ION EXCHANGE RESIN REGENERATION WASTEWATER. *Karim Ghasemipanah, Ali Torabian, Sayed Siavash Madaeni. Research Institue of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖMembrane Bioreactor (MBR) [10044] THERMOPHILIC MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF OILY WASTEWATER. *Farzaneh Geramiraz, Manouchehr Vosoughi, Mehrdad Hesampour, Hosniye Fouladi, Hamidreza Kariminia, Mika Mänttäri, M. Nyström, J. Kashfi. Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10051] TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING GLYPHOSATE USING SUBMERGED MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR. *Hosniye Fouladi Ghale, Farzaneh Geramiraz, Mehdi Borghei, Manouchehr Vosoughi, Mehrdad Hesampour. Chemical & Petroleum Engineering department, Biochemical & Bioenvironmental Research center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10080] UPGRADING AND RETROFITTING OF SOUTH WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS, ISFAHAN, IRAN, BY MEANS OF MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR (MBR) TECHNOLOGY. Gagik Badalians Gholikandi, *Mahdi Khosravi. Civil Engineering (Water & Wastewater) of Power and Water University of Technology (PWUT) and Water Research Institute (WRI), Tehran, IRAN.

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[10206] MBR AS ALTERNATIVE FOR DECENTRALIZED DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT. *Ahmad Rahimi, Mehrdad Hesampour, Mika Mänttäri, Marianne Nyström. Pala Tarh Energy Co, Tehran, IRAN. [10354] THE EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS ON THE MEMBRANE BIOFOULING IN MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR. Sahar Amiri, *Mohammad Reza Mehrnia, Hamed Azami, Davood Barzegari, Mahmoud Shavandi, Mohammad Hosein Sarrafzadeh. Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10366] THE USE OF A SUBMERGED MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF A STYRENE CONTAINING SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER. Narges Fallah, *Babak Bonakdarpour, Bahram Nasernejad, Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghadam. Department of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10432] AERATION OPTIMIZATION IN A SUBMERGED MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR. Mahsa Kazemzadeh Afshar, *Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh, Mohmmad Reza Mehrnia, Simin Nasseri, Omid Tavakoli. Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10434] EFFECT OF MEMBRANE CHARACTERISTICS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS FOR OILY WASTEWATER TREATMENT. Sara Mafiard, *Mohammad Reza Mehrnia, Hamed Azami, Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh. Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖModeling, Simulation, Integration and Monitoring [10039] MODELING THE TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER USING ANAEROBIC BAFFLED BIOREACTORS WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK. *Mozhdeh Rajaei, G. Pazuki, Manouchehr Vossoughi, Mehdi Borghei. Sharif University of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Tehran, IRAN. [10061] KINETIC MODELING, REACTOR DESIGN, AND FLOW MODEL FOR REMOVAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESIDUALS FROM AQUEOUS SYSTEMS BY ADVANCED OXIDATION TECHNOLOGIES. *Mehrab Mehrvar, Masroor Mohajerani, Farhad Ein-Mozaffari. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA. [10079] USING SYSTEM DYNAMICS TO SIMULATION OF QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF DRAIN WATER IN UNSTEADY STATE CONDITION. *Hamed Nozari, Abdolmajid Liaghat, Majid Kholghi. Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. Y 57 Z

[10132] PERFORMANCE AND MODELING OF MOVING BED BIOFILM PROCESS FOR BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENTS REMOVAL FROM MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER. *Majid Kermani, Bijan Bina, Hossein Movahedian, Zeinab Khazaei, Hossein Farrokhzadeh. Environmental Health Engineering Department, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRAN. [10274] CALCULATION OF LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE SEPARATION IN A TERNARY SYSTEM OF A POLYMER IN A MIXTURE OF A SOLVENT AND A NONSOLVENT. *Alireza Saatchi, Mohsen Edalat, Yaser Kazemi Ashtiani. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10276] MODELING OF SEQUENCING BATCH REACTORS (SBR) WITH THE GENERALIZED REGRESSION NEURAL NETWORKS (GRNN) BASED ON RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS (RBF). Moein Navvab Kashani, *Shahrokh Shahhosseini. Process Simulation and Control Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Tehran, IRAN. [10343] STUDY AND SIMULATION OF WATER TREATMENT UNIT USING ASPEN WATER. *Javad Sargolzaei, A. Kamali, Mohammad Taghi Hamedmosavian. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IRAN.

ÖNanotechnology [10036] PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CONCRETE CONTAINING TIO2 NANOPARTICLES FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF POLLUTANTS. *Ahmad Ehsani, Keyvan Shabani, Mahmood Nili, Saeed Shakhesi. Engineering Research Institute of Jahad-Agriculture Ministry, Tehran, IRAN. [10229] CONTROLLED RELEASE OF NITRATE FERTILIZER BY USING ACRYLATE-ZEOLITE NANO-COMPOSITE TO PREVENT UNDERGROUND WATER POLLUTION. *Abolfazl Barati, Atefeh Hekmat, Mojgan Zendehdel, Hanieh Alikhani. Chemical Engineering Department, University of Arak, IRAN. [10236] DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL NANO COMPOSITE ADSORBENT FOR REMOVAL OF TOXIC HEAVY METALS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. Ahmad Tayebi, *Alireza Khanchi, Mohammad Outokesh, Morteza Azad Mousavi, S.J.Ahmadi, F.Grayeli, Abbas Kianpisheh. NFCRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, IRAN. [10241] REMOVAL OF METAL IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION ONTO POMEGRANATE PEEL. *Erfan Karimyan, Hassan Dashtian, S. Farhadi. Sharif

Y 58 Z

University and Technology, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Tehran, IRAN. [10243] STUDY OF REMOVAL PB FROM INDUSTRY WASTE WATER BY MAGNETITE IRON NANOPARTICLES. Soodeh Abedini, *Ghasem Amoabediny, Gh. Nabi Bidhendi, Reza Alizadeh. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN. [10293] POTENTIAL OF NANO STRUCTURE ALUMINA FOR REMOVAL OF COPPER (II) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION. Azam Rahmani, *Hassan Zavvar Mousavi, Mostafa Fazli. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Semnan University, Semnan, IRAN. [10341] ADSORBTION OF NI (II) IONS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER BY MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES. *Gassem Amoabedini, Alireza Zolfaghari, Javad Malakootikhah, Davod Iranshahi. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN. [10408] MERCURY REMOVAL FROM INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT USING NANO ALUMINA SOL. *Yazdan Rezazadeh, Elham Roustaei, Taghi Ebadi, Javad Malakootikhah. Lotus Nanochemistry Pars Engineering Company, Tehran, IRAN. [10410] ADSORPTION OF PHENANTHRENE ON CARBON NANOPOROUS ADSORBENT. *Mansoor Anbia, A. Ghafari, S.N. Ashrafizadeh, A. Shiri Garakani. Research Laboratory of Nanoporous Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10423] PROTEIN SEPARATION USING BIOFUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES. Hamideh Ehtesabi, *Gassem Amoabedini, Alireza Zolfaghari, Javad Malakootikhah. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖPhysical/ Chemical Processes [10008] INVESTIGATION ON QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER EFFLUENT OF FARABI PETROCHEMICHAL COMPANY AND APPLICABLE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM. *Giti Sadeghi Attar, Naser Mehrdadi, Mohammad Taghi Jafarzadeh, Abdolreza Karbasi. Vancouver,CANADA. [10060] ACCUMULATION OF Cd, Pb, Zn AND Ni IN A CALCAREOUS SOIL BY INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER AND SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATION. *Firooz Movahedian, Majid Afyuni, Mohammad Ali Hajabbasi. Department of Agriculture, Esfahan Jehad-e-Agriculture Educational Center, Esfahan,, IRAN.

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[10085] INVESTIGATION THE HAZARDOUS EFFECTS OF COMPOST ON LEAD (PB) AND CADMIUM (CD) ACCUMULATION IN PADDY SOIL DURING PERENNIAL APPLICATION. *Sayed Majid Mousavi, M. A. Bahmanyar, H. Pirdashti. Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, IRAN. [10094] DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR THE FAST DETERMINATION OF DRUGS IN WASTEWATER USING SPME. *Fakhrildeen Albahadily, Isaac Denman, John Bowen. University of Central Oklahoma, CANADA. [10104] HEAVY METAL POLLUTION OF TAMBARAPARNI RIVER ESTUARY, TAMILNADU, EAST COAST OF INDIA. *Jayaraju Nadimikeri. Yogi Vemana University , Kadapa, INDIA. [10191] ROLE OF EXTRACELLULAR POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES IN DEWATERABILITY OF UNTREATED, SONICATED AND DIGESTED WASTE ACTIVATED SLUDGE. Ehsan Hosnani, *Mohsen Nosrati, Seyed Abbas Shojaolsadati. Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IRAN. [10231] APPLICATION OF AN INNOVATIVE INDUCED GAS FLOTATION (IGF) SYSTEM FOR OIL-WATER SEPARATION AT OIL PRODUCTION SITES. Mehdi Borghei, Farhad Nadim, *Reza Mastouri. Department of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN. [10244] ASSESSMENT OF ARSENIC REMOVAL USING A COUPLED METHOD OF PHYTOREMEDIATION AND MEMBRANE FILTRATION. *Mohammad Karamouz, Joseph Campanaro, Masoud Taheriyoun. School of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10247] A NEW FUNCTIONALIZED RESIN AND ITS APPLICATION IN FALME ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TRACE AMOUNTS OF HEAVY METAL IONS AFTER SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION IN WATER SAMPLES. *Nadia Nezamabadi, Mohammad Rabani, Homayon Ahmad Panahi. Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran branch, Tehran, IRAN. [10279] INVESTIGATION OF SUSTAINABILITY IN IMPLEMENTATION NETWORK OF WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT THROUGH "NETWORK ANALYSIS". M. Bashirzadeh, S.Araghinejad, H. Mohammadi Kangarani. Water Resources Engineer, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10292] ADVANCED QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS METHODS FOR WATER CONSUMPTION FORECASTING., Iman JahanAndish, *Ali Derakhshani, Abbas Keramati. Faculty of Engineering, Industrial Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN.

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[10324] SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPOSITE FeCHITOSAN AND ITS APPLICATION FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT. *Risfidian Mohadi, Nurlisa Hidayati, Miranda Rageltha. Department of Chemistry, Faculty Mathematic and Natural Sciences, University of Sriwijaya, INDONESIA. [10325] ROLE OF ADDITIVES ON THE RETENTION OF METAL IONS IN RED SOIL OF BANGALORE, INDIA. *Syed Abu Sayeed Mohammed Syed, Dr Maya Naik. HKBK College of Engineering, Nagawara, Bangalore, INDONESIA. [10445] PROCESS SELECTION FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMEN T PLANTS IN IRAN. Jalaleddin Shayegan, Ladan Kamalzadeh Sharif University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Tehran, IRAN. [10456] SOLVENT ELIMINATION OF ANTIBIOTIC WASTEWATER BY DISSOLVED AIR PRECIPITATION/ SOLVENT SUBLATION. H. Shokrollahi1, *J. Shayegan, J. Basiri Parsa. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖSustainable Management and Policies [10119] THE ROLE OF EXTENSION EDUCATION IN EMPOWERING WATER USERS THROUGH OPTIMIZING AGRICULTURAL WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT. *Fatemeh Panahi, Iraj Malekmahammadi, Leila Karpisheh. Islamic Azad University, Dezful, IRAN. [10436] THE MASTER WATER, SOIL AND WASTE ENGINEERING FROM THE TEACHING PROGRAM TO RESEARCH ASPECTS. Alain Bermond, Nastaran Manouchehri. Agro Paris Tech, DEVE / Chimie analytique, 16, rue Claude Bernard, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, FRANCE.

ÖWater Resources/ Recycling and Reuse [10015] WASTEWATER REUSE FOR AGRICULTURE. *Fatemeh Panahi, Iraj MalekMohammadi, L. Karpisheh. Islamic Azad University, Dezful, IRAN. [10020] HEADLOSS/FLOW RELATIONSHIP IN A SCALE MODEL STORMWATER POLLUTANT TRAP. *Hamid K. Saberi, H. Nikraz. Department of Civil Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, AUSTRALIA.

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[10166] A REVIEW ON IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUD DISPOSAL ON ENVIRONMENT AND UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES IN SOUTH OF IRAN. *Hassan Dashtian, Sahar Bakhshian, Erfan karimyan. Sharif University, IRAN. [10207] PURIFICATION OF WATER IN THE ARAL SEA REGIONSUZBEKISTAN. Vladimir Krepl, Martin Muzikant, Dilmurod Gaybullav. Department of sustainable Technologies, Institue of Tropics and Subtropics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague. [10227] REUSE OF YAZD EFFLUENT WASTEWATER. *Mohsen Nosrati, Maryam Esnaashari. Tarbiat Modarress University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tehran, IRAN. [10300] ASSESSMENT OF SITE SUITABILITY FOR SERIAL BIOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION (SBC) IN IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE NETWORK ,SUGAR CANE OF KHOZESTAN IN IRAN. *Farhad Mirzaei, Haniah Kosari. Faculty of water and soil Engineering, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10376] AGRICULTURAL RETURN SEEPAGE MANAGEMENT AND THEIR REUSE. *Hossein Ali Hasaniha. Department of Irrigation Engineering, University of Zanjan, IRAN. [10417] THE COMPARATIVE SURVEY ON THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WITH EFFLUENT AND RIVERS ON SOIL FORMATION, EROSION AND ENVIRONMENT DETERIORATION. *Delaram Golmarvi. Gilan Department of Environment, Rasht, Gila, IRAN. [10460] INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF WASTEWATER ON TRANSPORT AND TRANSFORMATION IN IRRIGATED SOILS. A. Erfani Agah, G. Wyseure. Department Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Division Soil and Water Management, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan. Leuven, BELGIUM.

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POSTER PAPERS Ö Adsorption / Biosorption Processes [10031] WASTE WATER SOFTENING PROCESS WITH ZEOLITE TECHNOLOGY. *Mohammad Reza Parno. Tehran Oil Refinery Company, Tehran, IRAN. [10037] STUDIES ON SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF A NOVEL INORGANIC ION EXCHANGER FOR TREATMENT OF ADIOACTIVE WASTE SOLUTIONS. Seyyed Javad Ahmadi,*Sima Attar Nosrati, Farokhzad Mohammadi Zonoz. Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Fuel cycle School, Tehran, IRAN. [10040] THE UPTAKE OF SOME EXCESSIVE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS AND CADMIUM WITH THE CROPS UNDER WASTEWATER IRRIGATION. *Hamid Molahosein, M.D. Feizi. Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Isfehan, IRAN. [10046] EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT ON BIOSORPTION OF URANIUM BY BROWN ALGA IN A CONTINUOUS PACKED BED COLUMN.*Morteza Ghasemi, Reza Dabbagh, Alireza Keshtkar, S. Jaber Safdari. School of Nuclear Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IRAN. [10087] BIOLOGICAL DECOLORIZATION OF DYE SOLUTION CONTAINING MALACHITE GREEN BY MACROALGAE CLADOPHORA SP. *Alireza Khataee, R. Dehghan, M. Pourhasan, E. Ebadi. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN. [10100] ZEOLITE AS A LOW-COST ADSORBENT FOR HEAVY METALS UPTAKE FROM CONTAMINATED WATER. *Ramin Salmasi, Farzin Salmasi. Research Center of Tabriz, IRAN. [10127] DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM CONDITIONS OF THREE CATION EXCHANGE RESINS, C-100H (PUROLITE), AMBERLITEIR120 (H+ FORM) AND AMBERLYST15W IN TREATMENT OF HEXAMINE INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER. Mehdi Taghdiri, *Naghi Saadatjoo, Reyhaneh Farrokhi Yekta. School of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, IRAN. [10130] REMOVAL OF PHENOL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS USING RICE HUSK ASH AND ACTIVATED CARBON. *Majid Kermani, Bijan Bina, Zeinab Khazaei. Environmental Health Engineering Department, School of Public Health, IRAN.

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[10155] BIOSORPTION OF NICKEL (II) BY POROTONATED CYSTOSERIA INDICA BIOMASS IN A CONTINUOUS FIXED-BED COLUMN. *Hosein Dastebashi, Seyed Mohamad Ali Mosavian, Ali Reza Keshtkar, S.Jaber Safdari. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10159] REMOVAL OF N, N-DIMETHYLANILINE FROM WASTEWATERS BY TIO2 – CONTAINING MCM-41. *Sepideh Kazemirad, Mohammad Ali Zanjanchi, Reza Ansari. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, IRAN. [10162] ROLE OF ACIDIC POST-TREATMENT OF ACTIVATED CARBON IN AQUEOUS MERCURY ADSORPTION. Hadi Shamsi Jazeyi, *Tahereh Kaghazchi. Chemical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10163] REMOVAL OF SYNTHETIC REACTIVE DYES FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER BY MESOPOROUS MCM-41 MODIFIED BY ANIONIC SURFACTANT. Seyed Hassan Sajjadi, *Mohammad Ali Zanjanchi, Majed Arvand, Ali Mohammadkhah. Department of Chemistry, University of Guilan, Rasht, IRAN. [10164] URANIUM SEPARATION FROM WASTEWATERS BY ELECTRODEIONIZATION (EDI) USING CATION EXCHANGE RESINS. *Adib Zaheri, Ahmad Moheb, Alireza Keshtkar, Amir Saeed Shirani. School of Nuclear Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IRAN. [10167] ADSORPTION ISOTHERM MODELING OF TOXIC HEAVY METALS (PB (II)) FROM WASTEWATER BY CLAY MINERALS. *Hassan Dashtian, Sahar Bakhshian, Erfan Karimyan. Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10179] ISOLATION OF LEAD ABSORPTION MICROORGANISM FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER. *Minoo Sadat Tabatabaei, Jamshid Fooladi, Gholamhossain Ebrahimipour. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University. Tehran, IRAN. [10190] SORPTION OF COBALT (CO(II)) AND MANGANESE (MN(II)) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY ROW RICE BRAN. *Erfan Karimyan, Hassan Dashtian. Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10194] REMOVAL OF LEAD IONS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS. *Rashide Nayeri, Naser Ghaemi, Ashraf Sadat Noohi. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Branch of Sciences and Researches, Tehran, IRAN. [10218] SORPTION STUDIES OF TOXIC METAL IONS FROM WASTE STREAM ON MODIFIED MESOPOROUS TITANOSILICATE. *Hadi Alighanbari, Seyed Javad Ahmadi, Hamid Sepehrian. Faculty of Nuclear Engineering, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, IRAN. Y 65 Z

[10219] BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS BY INDUSTRIAL STRAIN OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE. *Najmeh Yarkeh Salkhori, Naser Ghaemi, Ashraf Alsadat Nouhi. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Azad University, Oloum Tahghighat Branche, Tehran, IRAN. [10224] REMOVAL OF SOLAR BLACK G BY BARLEY HUSK WASTE BIOMASS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION. *Haq Nawaz, Mahwish Asgher. University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN. [10228] ADSORPTION OF WATER POLLUTANT USING FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SILICA AEROGELS: SYNTHESIS AND ADSORPTION PROPERTIES. Hasan Bargozin, Leyla Amirxani, *Jafarsadegh Moghaddas, Mohammad Mahd Ahadian. Transport Phenomena Research Center (TPRC), Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, IRAN. [10239] SELECTIVE SORPTION OF CO2+ AND Pb2+ IONS ON A NOVEL HETEROPOLYACID-BASED INORGANIC ION EXCHANGER. Seyyed Javad Ahmadi, *Sima Attar Nosrati, Farokhzad Mohammadi Zonoz. Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Fuel Cycle School, Tehran, IRAN. [10262] EXTRACTION OF STRONTIUM FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY ION EXCHANGE. *Meisam Hafizi, *Hossein Abolghasemi, Saeid Alamdar Milani. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10263] SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF STRONTIUM FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY CROWN ETHERS. Meisam Hafizi, *Hossein Abolghasemi, Saeid Alamdar Milani. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10269] SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL MICROCAPSULES CONTAINING DEHPA / TOPO AND ITS APPLICATIONS FOR REMOVAL OF Sm AND Gd FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. Elham Delrish, *Alireza Khanchi, Khadije Kalate, Seyed Javad Ahmadi, Mohammad Outokesh, Ahmad Tayebi, Behzad Mianji. NFCRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, IRAN. [10286] USING AMBERLITE RIA 410 AND PUROLITE A200 AS ION EXCHANGERS IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENT REMEDIATION SYSTEM; CASE STUDY FOR NITRITE, NITRATE, PHOSPHATE AND SUFHATE. *Zoheir Shokuh Saljoghi, Gholamreza Rafiei, Akbar Malekpur, Majid Bakhtiyari, Ahmad Imani. Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10287] AQUACULTURE EFFLUENT TREATMENT USING MODIFIED SEMNAN GREEN ZEOLITE. *Zoheir Shokuh Saljoghi, Gholamreza Rafiei, Akbar Y 66 Z

Malekpur, Arash Javanshir, Alireza Mirvaghefi. Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10294] REMOVAL OF DYE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY SYNTHESIZED NANOPOROUS ADSORBENT. M. Anbia,*Saba Asl Hariri. Chemistry Department, Iran University of Technology, IRAN. [10296] REMOVAL OF Pb2+ AND Cu2+ FROM ELECTROPLATING INDUSTRY WASTEWATER BY WASTE TIRE RUBBER ASH AS A LOW-COST ADSORBENT. *Hassan Zavvar Mousavi, Rahman Hosseinifar, Vahdat Jahed. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Semnan University, Semnan, IRAN. [10297] ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF WATER POLLUTANT BY MODIFIED NANOPOROUS SILICA SBA-3. *Saba Asl Hariri. Chemistry Department, Iran University of Technology, IRAN. [10305] STUDY ON INNOVATIVE METHOD OF REMOVAL OF COPPER AS A POLLUTANT IN WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT INDUSTRY USING MORINGA OLEIFERA SEEDS AS A NATURAL COAGULANT AND ADSORBENT. Reza Marandi, *Mohammad Hossein Rasoulifard, Seyed Khashayar Mirbahaeddin. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan, IRAN. [10309] ADSORPTION OF SURFACTANT FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER BY GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON. *Maryam Saei, Ali Torabian, Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi, Fatemeh Janpoor. Civil Engineering & Environmental Science, Faculty of Environmental Science, University of Tehrn, Tehran, IRAN. [10319] APPLICATION OF NUT SHELLS FOR CHROMIUM REMOVAL FROM WASTEWATER. *M.T. Hamed Mosavian, I. Khazaei, M. Aliabadi, J. Sargolzaei. Chemical Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IRAN. [10323] DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF HYBRID INORGANIC-ORGANIC MICROSTRUCTURES V2O5-PST CONTAINING N- FUNCTIONAL GROUP TOWARD TOXIC METAL ON AQUEOUS MEDIUM. *Risfidian Mohadi. Sriwijaya University, INDONESIA. [10334] BIOSORPTION OF CESIUM BY BIOMASS OF MARINE ALGAE. *Sara Dalir. Atomic Energy Organization of Tehran, IRAN. [10380] REMOVAL OF LIGNIN AND COD FROM PULP AND PAPER WASTEWATER USING CHARCOAL. *Farhad Jadidi, Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh. Chemical Engineering Department, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN. [10391] IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL REFINED SEWERAGE ON HEAVY METALS ABSORPTION ON FOUR VARIETIES OF CORN FORAGE AS DOUBLE Y 67 Z

CROPPING. *Ehsan Emamifar, Majid Amini Dehaghi, Parviz Ashtari, Seyed Ali Mohamad Modarese Sanavi. Agricultural Faculty, Shahed University, Tehran, IRAN. [10393] EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION OF A RADISH PEROXIDASE FOR PHENOLIC WASTE WATER. *Sepideh Motamed, Farnoosh Ghaemmaghami, Iran Alemzadeh. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10412] REMOVAL OF 1, 10-O-PHENANTHROLINE FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER USING MESOPOROUS ADSORBENT. *Mansoor Anbia, M. Alvand, S.N. Ashrafizadeh, A. Shiri Garakani. Research Laboratory of Nanoporous Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10415] REDUCTION OF COD BY ACTIVATED CARBON IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF THE OIL REFINERY. Nekoo Seyed Hoseini, *Shohreh Fatemi, Seyed Jalal Hashemi. Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10458] ANALYSIS OF THE BIO-ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES USING TWO TYPES OF ACTIVATED CARBON AT PETRO-CHEMICAL WATER TREATMENT PLANT. *Amin Ahmadpour, Mansour Johari, Simin Eidivand, Davood Abbaspour. National Petrochemical company-Bandar Imam Petrochemical CompanyResearch and Technology Center, IRAN. [10459] ION EXCHANGE RESINS: CAPACITY DETERMINATION AND POLLUTION IDENTIFICATION. Reza Jadidian, *Narges Esmaeli, Sara Haghtalab, Mohsen Masihi. Ahvaz Electricity Production Management Company, Ramin Power Factory, IRAN.

ÖAdvanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) / Disinfection [10014] THE EFFECT OF OZONATION ON BIODEGRADABILITY OF ORGANIC MATTER IN RETURN FLOW FROM SLUDGE TREATMENT SYSTEM. * Hassan Sadighinejad. Parskhodro Co., Tehran, IRAN. [10024] DECOLORIZATION OF C.I. BASIC RED 46 AND C. I. BASIC BLUE 3 SOLUTIONS BY AN ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESS. *Alireza Khataee, A. Talebpour, S. Norouzi, N. Mahmoudian. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN. [10043] TEXTILE WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION IN PRESENCE OF H2O2. Fateme Anvari, Monire Kheirkhah, Mohammad Reza Parsaeian, Bahram Vakhshour, Aghdas Mehdizadeh, M. Tabasi. Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Radiation Application Research School, Yazd, IRAN. Y 68 Z

[10047] RADIATION TREATMENT OF URBAN WASTEWATER AND DRINKING WATER BY ELECTRON BEAM. *Bahram Vakhshour, Nayereh Fallahnejad, Aghdas Mehdizadeh, Fatemeh Anvari, Monire Kheirkhah. Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Radiation Application Research School Yazd, IRAN. [10117] ADVANCED TREATMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC WASTEWATER WITH FENTON'S REAGENT. *Naser Naseri. [10140] PREDICTION OF C.I. ACID RED 14 AZO DYE MINERALIZATION BY UV/FE-ZSM5/H2O2 PROCESS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK. *Azam Salary, Masoud Bagherzadeh Kasiri, Hamid Aleboyeh. ENSCMu 3 rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse cedex FRANCE. [10141] Decolourisation and mineralization of C.I. Acid Blue 74 Dye by KMnO4/UV/H2O2 Process. *Hamid Aleboyeh, Mohammad Ebrahim Olya, Azam Aleboyeh. Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Traitement des Effluents, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Université de Haute Alsace, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, FRANCE. [10157] HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF CHLOROPHENOL: AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT. Azadeh Ebrahimian, *Mohammad Ali Zanjanchi, Majid Arvand. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, IRAN. [10184] CATALYTIC OZONATION OF PARA-NITROPHENOL BY TiO2. Hamed Mozhdehvari, *Samad Motameni Tabatabaei, Nader Noroozi Pesyan, Afsaneh Tajkhalili, P. Gharbani. Faculty of chemical Engineering, Azad Islamic University, Ahar, IRAN. [10205] A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF DISINFECTION METHODS IN WATER TREATMENT. *Morteza Naderi, Mohammad Reza Mozdianfard. Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, IRAN. [10307] ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF OZONATION AND FENTON OXIDATION IN REMOVAL OF ENDOCRING DISRUPTING CHEMICALS (EDCS) AND PHARMACEUTICALS AND PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS(PPCPS) FROM AQUEOUS SYSTEMS. *Mehdi Johnqorban, Gholam Reza Nabi Bidhendi, Ali Torabian, Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour. Graduate Faculty of Environment of Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN. [10332] REMOVAL COD OF MDF WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH FENTON METHOD BY RSM APPROACH. Maedeh Galehdar, *Habibollah Younesi, Mojtaba Hadavifar. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IRAN.

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[10400] THE EFFECTS OF PARTICLE ASSOCIATION IN UV DISINFECTION OF INDIGENOUS SPORE-FORMING BACTERIA. *Seyed Majid Madani, Davod Zaeifi, Ali Majdi, Saeed Yari. IAU of Tonekabon-Microbiology Group, IRAN.

ÖBiotechnology (Aerobic Processes) [10007] OIL SPIL CLEAN UP FROM WATER USING BIOSURFACTANT. *Hossein Amani, Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh, Manouchehr Haghighi, Ghassem Amoabediny, M.J. Keshtkar, Omid Tavakoli, Mohammad Reza Mehrnia. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10025] AN INVESTIGATION ON THE NITROGEN CONTENT OF A PETROLEUM REFINERY. Hannaneh Rasouli Kenari, Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh, Omid Tavakoli, Mahmoud Nikbakht, Shahaboddin Mattaji. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10049] BIODEGRADATION OF PHENOL BY NEW STRAIN OF THERMOPHILIC BACTERIA. *Shima Bokaee, Manouchehr Vosoughi, Mehdi Borghei, J. Kashfi. Chemical & Petroleum Engineering department, Biochemical & Bioenvironmental Research Center, Sharif Uuniversity of Technology, IRAN. [10058] BIOLOGICAL CORROSION PREVENTION IN WATER AND WASTEWATER INSTALLATIONS BY APPLICATION OF TIO2 NANO PARTICLES COATING. *Fatemeh Ali Ghaleh Babakhani, Abdollah Rashidi, Piet Lens. Abbaspour University, Tehran, IRAN. [10070] DECOLOURATION OF THE DIAZO DYE REACTIVE BLACK 5 BY TRAMETES PUBESCENS AT LABORATORY REACTOR SCALE. *Kheirghadam Enayatzamir, F. Tabandeh, B. Yakhchali,S. Rodríguez Couto. 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, SPAIN. [10118] FORMALDEHYDE DEGRADATION IN A FIXED BED BIOLOGICAL REACTOR. Sheler Ebrahimi, *Mehdi Borghei. Water & Energy Institute, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10123] ANAEROBIC BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF SULFATE RICH INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER WITH NANO-SCALE BIOMATERIALS. *Ali Alizadeh Osalu, Fardin Seyyednajafi, Nafiseh Panahi. HSEQ Department Tabriz Petrochemical Complex, National Petrochemical Company, IRAN. [10124] PRODUCING ENERGY FROM BIOLOGIC AND ORGANIC WASTE IN ANAEROBIC REACTOR AT INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER Y 70 Z

TREATMENT PROCESSES. Hamed Arabian Hossein Abadi, *Hamid Rashedi. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, IRAN. [10137] OPTIMIZATION PHAS PRODUCTION FROM DAIRY INDUSTRY WASTE WATER (CHEESE WHEY) BY CUPRIAVIDUS NECATOR. *Mazyar sharifzadeh Baei, F.Tabandeh, H.Yunesi, G. Najafpour, H. Issazadeh. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, IRAN. [10149] BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF OLIVE OIL MILL WASTEWATER WITH RALSTONIA EUTROPHA PTCC 1615. Elham Jalilnejad, Azadeh Mogharei, *Farzaneh Vahabzadeh. Food Engineering and Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10151] APPLICATION OF AN ANAEROBIC HYBRID REACTOR FOR PETROCHEMICAL EFFLUENT TREATMENT. *Mohammadtaghi Jafarzadeh, Naser Mehrdadi,Gholamreza Bid Hendi. Environment, Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Department, National Petrochemical Company, Tehran, IRAN. [10171] SIMULTANEOUS NITRIFICATION-DENITRIFICATION PROCESS USING SMALL SCALE MODIFIED ANOXIC BAFFLED REACTOR (MABR). Mehdi Eshraghi, *Bita Ayati, Hossein Ganjidoost. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IRAN. [10173] BIODEGRADATION KINETICS OF HIGH INITIAL PHENOL CONCENTRATION IN AN EXTERNAL LOOP AIRLIFT BIOREACTOR BY ALCALIGENES FAECALIS ATCC 8750. Maryam Khakbaz Varkani, *Fereshteh Naeimpoor. Iran University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tehran, IRAN. [10213] SUBSTITUTIONAL FEASIBILITY OF SECONDARY SEDIMENTATION TANK WITH HRF IN ACTIVATED SLUDGE WASTE WATER TREATMENT METHOD. *Mehdi Aalami, Abdollah Rashidi Mehrabadi, Mojtaba Fazeli, Hamidreza Khosrojerdi, Mohammadreza Fallahpur. School of Water & Waste Water Engineering, College Of Water Engineering, Power & Water University Of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10226] STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF THE CHANGES OF THE QUANTITATIVE-QUALITATIVE PATTERN OF THE INFLUENT AND THE INCREASING OF THE WASTEWATER ACCEPTANCE ON FLOCKS SEDIMENTATION IN ACTIVATED SLUDGE. Ehsan Azimi Ghalibaf, Hassan Shojaee Suki, *Atefeh Einafshar. Water and Wastewater Department of Kavosh Pay Consulting Engineers Co., Mashhad, IRAN. [10234] INVESTIGATION OF LEACHATE AEROBIC TREATABILITY IN MASHHAD. Edwin Safari, *Mahdi Jalili Ghazizade. Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. Y 71 Z

[10280] USE OF NOVEL SINGLE AND HYBRID IMMOBILIZATION METHODS FOR ENHANCED PHENOL DEGRADATION BY PSEUDOMONAS SP. SA01. Saeeide Abdollahpour, Monir Mollaei, Siavash Atashgahi, Abbas Sahebghadam Lotfi, *Kambiz Akbari Noghabi. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, IRAN. [10285] THE OPTIMIZATION OF BIOEMULSAN PRODUCTION BY ACINETOBACTER CALCOACETICUS RAG-1 AND FOOD INDUSTRIAL WASTES IN MILI-BIOREACTORS. Maryam Rezvani, Somayyeh Jokari, *Hamid Rashedi, Mehrdad Ghavami, Mahnaz Mazaheri Assadi, Ghasem Amoabediny. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10288] COMPARSION OF EFFICIENCY PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL IN REED AND BAMBOO WITH PHYTOREMEDIATION. *Shima Rezamand, Bita Ayati, Hossein Ganjidoost. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IRAN. [10303] COMPARISON OF BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL IN WASTEWATER. Hossein Najibi, Akram Hosseini. Department of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad, IRAN. [10316] SCREENING OF MARINE ALGAE AND THE ABILITY OF THEIR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF COBALT. *Sara Telly Dalir. Atomic Energy Organization of Tehran, IRAN. [10330] THE NEW METHOD FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT. *Hossein Najibi, Nasser Najibi. Department of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, IRAN. [10337] CHARACTERIZATION OF RHAMNOLIPIDS OF A PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA MUTANT STAIN GROWN ON WASTE OILS. *Zulfiqar Raza, Zafar Khalid. Department of Textile Engineering, the University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN. [10346] REVIEW THE PERFORMANCE OF AREATION SYSTEMS (ACTIVATED SLUDGE) WITH FIXED BED FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER WITH HIGH ORGANIC LOAD. Amir Hayat Bakhsh. Department of Energy & Environment, Research & Science Campus, Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10387] INVESTIGATION ON BIOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN PEROXIDASE UTILIZABLE IN WASTE WATER TREATMENT. *Farnoosh Ghaemmaghami, Sepideh Motamed, Iran Alemzadeh. Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10388] BIODEGRADATION OF PHENOL USING FREE AND IMMOBILIZED ALCALIGENES FAECALIS. Shaghayegh Norouzimanesh, Mohammad Hossein Y 72 Z

Sarrafzadeh, Mohammad Reza Roini, M. Khakbaz Varkani, S. N. Mehdizadeh *Mohammad Reza Mehrnia. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10397] BIOCONVERSION OF WASTEWATER SLUDGE TO VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS. *Seyed Majid Madani, Davod Zaeifi, Ali Majdi, Saeed Yari. IAU of Tonekabon, Microbiology Group, IRAN. [10422] STUDY ON INFLUENTIAL PARAMETERS IN BIODEGRADATION OF P-NITROPHENOL USING STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. Faramarz Joodaki, Zeinab Salehi, *Shohreh Fatemi, Farzaneh Vahabzadeh. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10427] CONSIDERATION OF VARIATIONS OF GAS HOLDUP IN OXIDATION DITCH CHANNEL. Farshid Pajoum Shariati, Mohammad Reza Mehrnia, Mohmmad Hosein Sarrafzadeh, Omid Tavakoli, Marc Heran, Christelle Wisniewski. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖBiotechnology (Anaerobic Processes) SBR [10156] BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN REMOVAL FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER USING SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR (SBR). *Mohammad Hosein Sarrafzadeh, Omid Soleimani, Ghasem Amooabedini, Omid Tavakoli, Mohammad Reza Mehrnia. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10240] STUDY ON REMOVAL OF REACTIVE BLUE 19 BY ADDING POLY ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE TO SBR SYSTEM. Shirin Mehrali, *Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghaddam, Hossein Hashemi. Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10340] EVALUATION OF SEQUENCING BATCH REACTORS PERFORMANCE IN REMOVAL OF NMP FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. Manouchehr Nikazar,*Hajar Torkaman Dehnavi, Vahid Kiarostami, S. Eydivand, M. Johari Rang. Chemistry Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, IRAN. [10464] INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF THREE STEPS ANOXIC SELECTOR ON SLUDGE BULKING AND INCREASING OF SETTLING EFFICIENCY IN SBR SYSTEM. Parviz Monajjemi, Helia Sharafi, Mahsa Hadipour. Water & Wastewater Engineering Shiraz Research Office, Shiraz, IRAN.

ÖElectro / Photo / Thermo Chemical Treatment [10022] PHOTOCATALYTIC TREATMENT OF THREE TEXTILE DYE SOLUTIONS BY INDUSTRIAL IMMOBILIZED TiO2 NANOPARTICLES. *Alireza Y 73 Z

Khataee, M. N. Pons, O. Zahraa. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN. [10023] PHOTOCATALYTIC REMOVAL OF C.I. BASIC RED 46 USING TIO2 NANOPARTICLES IMMOBILIZED ON GLASS BEADS. *Alireza Khataee. Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN. [10095] REMOVAL OF FLUORIDE FROM TREATED INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION WITH ALUMINUM ELECTRODES. *Vahid Khatibi Kamal, Ali Torabian, Fatameh Janpoor, Gholamali Hoshyaripour. Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10096] REMOVAL OF PHOSPHOROUS FROM LAUNDRY WASTEWATER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION WITH ALUMINUM ELECTRODES AS A LOCAL TREATMENT SYSTEM. *Fatemeh Janpoor, Vahid Khatibi Kamal, Ali Torabian, Gholamali Hoshyaripour. Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10098] DECOLORIZATION OF C.I. BASIC RED 46 FROM CONTAMINATED WATER BY S2O8 / THERMAL PROCESS. *Mohammad Hossein Rasoulifard, Naghi Saadatju, Ilnaz Bagheri. Chemistry Departeman, Zanjan University, Zanjan, IRAN. [10108] POLYMER INJECTION FOR WATER PRODUCTION CONTROL THROUGH PERMEABILITY ALTERATION IN FRACTURED PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS. *Abouzar Mirzaei Paiaman, Emad Bedaiwi, Bandar Duraya Al-Anazi, A. Salehi, Mohsen Masihi. Faculty of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10169] STUDY OF PHOTOCATALYTIC REACTION MECHANISM IN DEGRADATION OF FURFURAL IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER. Leilla Zarrin, *Shahram Sharifnia, Seyed Nessam Hosseini, Farhad Ahmadi. Catalyst Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, IRAN. [10198] WASTE WATER TREATMENT AND PRODUCTION OF BIOELECTRICITY SIMULTANEOUSLY. *Mostafa Rahimnejad, Nader Mokhtarian, Ghasem Najafpour, Ali Asghar Ghoreyshi, W. Ramli Wan Daud. School of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, IRAN. [10251] A STUDY OF METHODS FOR ELIMINATING Cr(VI) FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE & EMPLOYING THE ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD IN THE OPTIMUM. *Akbar Elsagh, Abolghasem Mesbah, Neda Shokouhi, Shirin Mofavvav. Factualy of Chemistery in North Branch Azad University, IRAN. [10264] NEW REACTOR CONSTRUCTION FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT. *Sadegh Amirmohammadi-Sorkhabi, Mohammad Ali Y 74 Z

Behnajady, Naser Modirshahla, Mohammad Shokri. Islamic Azad University-Tabriz Branch, IRAN. [10289] REMOVAL OF COD FROM LAUNDRY WASTEWATER BY ELECTROCOAGULATION. *Fatemeh Janpoor, Ali Torabian, Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi, Nasim Zare, Maryam Saei, Sara Vakilifard. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10314] REMOVAL OF BASIC DYE SOLUTIONS BY ELECTROCOAGULATION: STUDY OF EFFICIENCY OF DECOLORIZATION AND COD ABATEMENT OF MALACHITE GREEN SOLUTION. Alireza Asghari, Mehdi Bagheri-Roochi, Maryam Rajabi. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Semnan University, Semnan, IRAN. [10317] DESTRUCTION OF ACID RED 14 AZO DYE USING HETEROGENEOUS PHOTO-FENTON PROCESS “UV/ARGIL/H2O2”. Masoud B. Kasiri, *Nader Djafarzadeh. Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University - Miyaneh Branch, Miyaneh, IRAN. [10320] THE APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY TO THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT. Parisa Moradi, *Soosan Rowshanzamir, Mohammad Hassan Eikanic. Green Research Center, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10369] FORMALDEHYDE REMOVAL FROM WASTE WATER THROUGH ELECTROCOAGULATION TECHNIQUE -A REVIEW. *Elham Keshmirizadeh, Farahnaz Hamdi, Elham Narouienejad, Nazere Mansour Rezaie. Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, IRAN. [10382] TREATMENT AND RECYCLE OF TEXTILE DYEING EFFLUENTS THROUGH ELECTROCOAGULATION TECHNIQUE. *Elham Keshmirizadeh, Mansur Hemmati, Masumeh Mohammadzadeh, Samira Ghanbarzadeh. Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, IRAN.

ÖMembrane / Electro Dialysis [10048] URANIUM SEPARATION FROM WASTEWATER BY ELECTRODIALYSIS. *Adib Zaheri, Ahmad Moheb, Alireza Keshtkar, Amir Saeed Shirani. Department of Nuclear Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IRAN. [10054] ANODIZING WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY NANOFILTRATION. *Shahab Farajollahi, Ali Torabian, Gholam-Reza Nabi-Bidhendi, Amir Hossein Y 75 Z

Hoshmandyar, Mehdi Jangorban, Nasim Zare, Ali Ghadimkhani. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10055] TREATMENT OF ELECTROPLATING WASTEWATER BY REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE. Seyed Amir Moosavi Rad, *Seyed Ahmad Mirbagheri, Tooraj Mohammadi. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Khajeh Nasir University, Tehran, IRAN. [10073] ULTRASONIC CONTROL OF POLYMERIC MEMBRANE FOULING. Alireza Mirzaie, *Toraj Mohammadi. Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10172] RECENT DESALINATIONS OF BRINE: A REVIEW. Majid Khajenoori, *Morteza Asghari, Mohammadreza Mozdianfard. Separation Processes Research Group (SPRG), Department of Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, IRAN. [10210] NaOH RECOVERY FROM WASTE STREAM OF MEROX PROCESS USING ELECTRODIALYSIS. Narjes Keramati, *Ahmad Moheb, Mohammad Reza Ehsani. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IRAN. [10211] DYE POLLUTANT REMOVAL FROM WATER BY MEMBRANE FILTRATION USING A MEMBRANE MAD BY ELECTROSPINNING OF SUBMICRON NYLON 6 FIBERS. Fereshteh Basiri, *Ahmad Moheb, Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini, Mahmoud Feiz. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IRAN. [10261] EVALUATE THE SATISFACTION RATE OF MICRO AND NANO FILTER UTILIZATION IN IRAN. *Mohammad Haji Sotoudeh, Zavareh, Norouz. School of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Power and Water University of Technology (Abbaspour University), Tehran, IRAN. [10271] TREATMENT OF OILY WASTEWATER FROM REFINERY PROCESSES BY POLYMERIC MEMBRANE FILTRATION. *Ali Gheshlaghi, Seyyed Siavash Madaeni, Fatemeh Rekabdar, Hamed Salahe. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, IRAN. [10290] COMPARISON OF PHENOL SULFONIC ACID REMOVAL FROM TIN PLATING INDUSTRY BY USING NANOFILTRATION, COAGULATION AND ADSORPTION. *Nasim Zare, Ali Torabian, Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi, Aliasghar Ghadimkhani, Mehdi Janghorban, Shahab Farajollahi, Amirhossein Hushmandyar, Fatemeh Janpoor. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, IRAN. [10291] EVALUATION OF USING OF MICROFILTRATION AND NAN FILTRATION IN TREATMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL WASTEWATER CONTAINING ANTIBIOTICS. Mehdi Johnqorban, Ali Torabian, Gholam Reza Nabi Y 76 Z

Bidhendi, Nasim Zare, A. Safari, Shahab Farajolahi, Alireza Houshmandyar, Ali Asghar Ghadim Khani. Graduate Faculty of Environment of Tehran University, IRAN. [10371] COMPARING OF REVERSE OSMOSIS AND MED TECHNIQUE FOR PRODUCING OF DESALINATED WATER FROM SEA WATER. * Leyla Azari. Mobin Petrochemical Co., Assaluyeh,IRAN. [10381] THE APPLICABILITY OF INDUSTRIAL-SCALE WATER TREATMENT USING NANOFILTRATION AND ITS COST STUDY. *Hooman Fatoorehchi, Amir Bornaee, Reza Davoodi. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖMembrane Bioreactor (MBR) [10072] EXPERIMETAL INVESTIGATION OF AIR- LIFT SIDE STREAM MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR PERFORMANCE FOR HIGH SALINITY OILY WATER TREATMENT. *Dariush Mowla, Nader Samavati. Chemical Engineering Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IRAN. [10081] EVALUATION OF EFFLUENT REUSE WITH MASB (MEMBRANE ACTIVATED SLUDGE BIOREACTOR) FOR SAKE INDUCED GROUNDWATER RECHARGE. *Mahdi Khosravi, Gagik Badalians Golikandi. Water Research Institue (Wastewater Research Centre), Tehran, IRAN. [10097] MEMBRANE NANOFILTRATION PROCESS FOR RETROFITTING OF INDUSRIAL WASTEWATER TREAEMENT PLANT. CASE STUDY: (MAZANDARAN PULP-PAPER INDUSTRY, IRAN). *Mahdi Khosravi, Gagik Badalians Gholikandi, Amin Soltanzadeh Bali. Water Research Institue (Wastewater Research Centre), Tehran, IRAN [10368] SOLUBLE MICROBIAL PRODUCTS (SMPS) PRODUCTION IN ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEMS: A REVIEW. Hamed Azami, *Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh, Sara Mafirad, M. Nedaii, Mohammad Reza Mehrnia. Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10389] BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF TOLUENE CONTAMINATED WASTEWATER IN AN EXTRACTIVE MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR: EXPERIMENTS AND MODELING. Seyedeh Neda Mehdizadeh, *Mohammad Reza Mehrnia, K. Abdi, Shaghayegh Norouzimanesh, S. Ghorbanian, Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh. Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN.

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[10407] BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING ACETATE AND PHOSPHATE IONS IN A MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR. Fatemeh Sadeghi, *Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh, Mohammad Reza Mehrnia, Ramin Nabizadeh, Hamed Azami, Amirhossein Khalili Garakani, Mohammad Askarian. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10455] UPGRADING OF OVERLOADED ACTIVATED SLUDGE PLANT USING A MBBR SYSTEM, CASE STUDY: KISH ISLAND WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS. *R. Marandi, S.S. Naimi. Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, Bandar Abbas, IRAN. [10462] EFFECT OF SUPERFICIAL GAS VELOCITY ON GAS HOLDUP IN A NOVEL SUBMERGED MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR. Alireza Moosavi, *Mohammad Reza Mehrnia, M. Rahimzadeh, Farshid Pajoum Shariati, H. Fatoorechi, A. Nourbakhsh, Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzadeh. Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-4563, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖModeling, Simulation, Integration and Monitoring [10013] A ROBUST METHOD TO OBTAIN OPTIMAL WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTEWATER MINIMIZATION OF COOLING TOWERS. *Mahdi Gougol. Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, IRAN. [10057] MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF DYE REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION IN A FIXED BED COLUMN USING EXFOLIATED GRAPHITE AS ADSORBENT. Amir Goshadrou, *Ahmad Moheb. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IRAN. [10074] PERFORMANCE OF ANAEROBIC BAFFLED REACTOR FOR LOWSTRENGTH INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER: COD REMOVAL RATE ESTIMATION WITH KINCANNON-STOVER & MONOD MODELS. *Seyyed Mehran Abtahi, Ali Torabian, Mohammad Mehdi Amin, Ali Vosoogh. Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10103] PREDICTION OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT PERFORMANCE USING AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL. *Masoud Taheriyoun. Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10106] MODELING OF NITROGEN REMOVAL FROM GROUND WATER BY MBBR. *Azadeh Hemmati, Mehdi Borghei. Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Department, Biochemical & Bioenvironmental Research, Tehran, IRAN.

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[10160] USE OF NUMERICAL MODELS IN TRACER TEST INTERPRETATION AND CONTAMINANT’S TRANSPORT SIMULATIONS IN GROUNDWATER AQUIFERS. *Mohammad Ajalloueian. IHEARI (Isfahan Higher Education and Research Institute), Isfahan, IRAN. [10187] MULTIPHASE CFD SIMULATION OF DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION. *Saleh Daryabari, Mostafa Moraveji. Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak University, Arak, IRAN. [10245] AQUIFER VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT USING THE DRASTIC MODEL AND GIS AT ZANJAN PLAIN, NORTHWAST IRAN. *Parviz Abdinejad. [10255] COMPARISON OF ANN AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSISMULTIVARIATE LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS FOR PREDICTING THE RIVER FLOW BASED ON DEVELOPED DISCREPANCY RATIO STATISTIC. *Mahnaz Pashazade, Roohollah Noori. Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10265] PREDICTING BOD5 EXIST OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLAN BY USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK. *Seyyed Jamil Ghaderi, Saieed Zare Naghadeh. Mahabad Open University, IRAN. [10321] APPLICATION OF TAGUCHI METHODOLOGY ON A BIOLOGICAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEM USING FOR DAIRY WASTEWATER TREATMENT. * Reihane Farbodi. Azad University of Quchan, Mashhad, IRAN. [10322] AN ANALITICAL METHOD FOR MODELING THE FLUID FLOW IN TUBULAR MEMBRANE MODULE. Mahdi Maleki Kakelar, *Ali Akbar Babalou, Jafar Sadegh Mogaddas, Abbas Aghaeinejad Meybodi, Ehsan Pipelzadeh. Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, IRAN. [10416] SIMULATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN DEPLETION IN A WATER BODY. Amir Rabiee Kenaree, *Shohreh Fatemi. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10453] WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN A KARMOZD COAL WASHERY EFFLUENTS. N. Mehrdadi, *M. Yonesi. Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖNanotechnology [10019] REMOVAL OF NICKEL FROM WATER AND WASTE WATERS. Seyyedeh Somaye Faal Rastegar,*Ezat Keshavarzi. Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IRAN. Y 79 Z

[10107] APPLICATION OF IRON NANOPARTICLES FOR REMOVAL OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM FROM GROUND WATERS. *Ali Torabian, Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi, Ali Safari, Aliasghar Ghadimkhani. Department of CivilEnvironmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN. [10109] MULTIFUNCTIONAL TiO2 -APPATITE NANO-COMPOSITES AND ITS APPLICATION FOR PHOTO CATALYTIC DISCOLORATION OF RHODAMINE-B. *Parviz Nourpour, Masoumeh Hamdi, K. Shabani, Saied Shakhesi, Amir Hosein Javadi. Engineering research institute of Jahad-Agriculture Ministry, Tehran, IRAN. [10152] NANOCLAY FOR THE REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS (LEAD AND ZINC) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. *Azad Erfani Javdani, Ahmad Khodadadi, Bita Ayati. Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering. Tarbiyat Modares University, Tehran, IRAN. [10158] EFFICIENT DEGRADATION OF METHYLENE BLUE BY TUNGSTOPHOSPHORIC ACID INCORPORATED INTO TiO2. Atri Ariapad, *Mohammad Ali Zanjanchi. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, IRAN. [10242] PURIFICATION OF PROUDUCT EMULSAN USING BACILLUS SUBTILIS BACTERIA BY IRON MAGNETITE NANO PARTICLES BIOFUNCTIONAL FOR OIL WASTE WATER TREATMENT. Soodeh Abedini, Parasto Chamanrokh, *Ghasem Amoabediny. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN. [10252] SYNTHESIS OF VERTICALLY ALIGNED CARBON NANOTUBE FILMS ON POROUS ALUMINA SUBSTRATES. *Maryam Ahmadzadeh Tofighy, Afshin Pak, Toraj Mohammadi. Research Centre for Membrane Separation Processes, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10270] APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN RECOVERY OF METALS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATERS. *Hengameh Salami. Shahrood Univesity of Technology, IRAN. [10277] APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN WATER INDUSTRY. *Mohammad Bashirzadeh, Shahab Araghinejad. Water Resources Engineering, College of Soil and Water, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10329] THE EFFECT OF NANOSILVER FILTER ON WATER TREATMENT.*Farideh Heidarpour, Farzaneh Ghorab, Ali Torabian. UPM University & Atomic Energy Organization, IRAN.

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[10390] INVESTIGATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY POTENTIALS IN DRINKING WATER DENITRIFICATION PROCESSES. *Amir Ghorbanali, Hamidreza Norozi, Reza Davoodi. Iranian Nanotechnology Initiative Council, Tehran, IRAN. [10403] RESEARCHERS PEER INTO WATER IN CARBON NANOTUBES. Saeed Yari, Ali Majdi, Seyed Majid Madani, Maryam Avar. IAU of Tonekabon-Microbiology Group, IRAN. [10404] SILVER NANOPARTICLES MAY BE KILLING BENEFICIAL BACTERIA IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT. Saeed Yari, *Maryam Avar, Seyed Majid Madani, Ali Majdi. IAU of Tonekabon-Microbiology Group, IRAN. [10411] REMOVAL OF DIBENZOFURAN FROM N-HEPTANE SOLUTION USING A POLYMER-COATED NANOPOROUS CARBON. *Mansoor Anbia, A. Ghafari, S.N. Ashrafizadeh, A. Shiri Garakani. Research Laboratory of Nanoporous Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖPhysical/ Chemical Processes [10033] THE STUDY OF CAUSTIC RECOVERY INCREASE IN SETTLING AND DECREASING THE DESTRUCTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS IN ALUMINA FACTORY. H. Pahlavanzadeh, *Reza Salimi. Department of Chemical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South of Tehran Branch, Tehran, IRAN. [10078] RADIUM REMOVAL FROM URANIUM MINES EFFLUENT USING BARIUM CHLORIDE IN A CO-PRECIPITATION PROCESS. Saeed Latimi, *Alireza Keshtkar, Amir Saeed Shirani, Mohamad Reza Asadi. Nuclear Science Research and Technologies Institute, Atomic Energy Organization, IRAN. [10082] DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND IN HIGHSALINITY PRODUCED WATER. Necati Kayaalp. ITU Insaat Fak. Cevre Muh. Maslak IST, TURKEY. [10129] INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL FLOW ROUGHING FILTERS PERFORMANCE FOR IRON REMOVAL FROM WATER. *Naghi Damangir, Ebrahim Shah Ghasemi, Abbas Shevidi, Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghaddam. School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10153] EFFECT OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS ON WATER TREATMENT PLANT EFFLUENT QUALITY (PARTICLE COUNT AND PARTICLE SIZE). Azadeh Torabian, Amir Hessam Hassani, E. Esmaeily, L. Syfy. Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Co., Tehran, IRAN.

Y 81 Z

[10181] DETERMINATION OF SELECTED HEAVY METALS IN CORALS OF GULF OF AQABA. *Salem Barakat. Sohar University, OMAN. [10221] USING OF THE FRIENDLY ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE RATE OF THE SLUDGE SETTLING IN THE PETROLEUM REFINERY API WASTEWATER POUNDS. *Mohammad Reza Sazegar, Faranak Khojasteh. Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Of Tehran, North Branch, IRAN. [10258] THE ELIMINATION OF BIOLOGIC PROBLEMS DUE TO HEAVY METALS CONTAMINANTS IN WASTEWATER BY BIOSURFACTANT. Maryam Rezvani, Somayyeh Jokari, *Hamid Rashedi, Ghasem Amoabediny, M. Mazaheri Asadi, M. Ghavami. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10267] EVALUATION OF IMPROVING METHOD FOR PET PRODUCTION PROCESS EFFLUENT TREATMENT SYSTEM. *Nashmil Mouloodzade, Mojtaba Fazeli, Seyed Jamaladin Hashemian, Mohammad Tagi Jafarzade. Univrsity of Power and Water industry (Abaspoor), Tehran, IRAN. [10272] SYNTHESIS OF HYDROPHILIC CHELATING COPOLYMERS FOR REMOVAL OF TOXIC AND HEAVY METAL IONS CONTAINING WATER AND WASTEWATERS. *Peyman Najafi Moghadam, Somyyeh Jalali, Karim Akbari Dilmaghani, Mirza Aga Babazadeh. Urmia University, Urmia, IRAN. [10278] EFFECT OF NATURAL POLYMERS ON SLUDGE DEWATERING CAPABILITY. *Nooshin Barzegar Marvasti, Bita Ayati, Hossein Ganjidoust. Civil and Environmental Department, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, IRAN. [10312] INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION. *Hossein Najibi, N. Najibi, H. Farhadi. Department of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IRAN. [10344] PRECIPITATION POOL DESIGN AND STUDY OF PHYSICAL WATER TREATMENT FOR MASHHAD POWER PLANT DECARBONATED WATER PRODUCTION UNIT. *Javad Sargolzaei, Moinodain Tavakol Akbarabadi, M.T. Hamedmosavian. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IRAN. [10356] NEW BLEACHING SEQUENCES DECREASING CHLORINE DIOXIDE CONSUMPTION AND AOX REDUCTION IN KRAFT PULP BLEACH PLANT.*Yahya Hamzeh, Gerard Mortha, Nicolas Benattar, Reaz Naghdi. Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, IRAN.

Y 82 Z

[10418] ADVANCED IMMOBILIZED CELL REACTOR TECHNOLOGY (ART). Seyed Amirali Raeisosadat, Smitha Sudhakar. Deptartment of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, INDIA. [10435] RECENT ADVANCES IN TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING OIL-CONTAMINATED SOIL. Maryam Safavi, Masoumeh Khoddam, B. Nasernezhad,*Mohammad Reza Mehrnia. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN.

ÖSustainable Management and Policies [10004] STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF POLLUTANT RESOURCES ON WATER CANAL OF PARS ABAD CITY. * Ebrahim Fataei. Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, IRAN. [10065] SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE. *Fatemeh Panahi, Mohammad Chizari, Shaghaiegh Kheiri. Islamic Azad University, Dezful Branch, IRAN. [10121] INVESTIGATION ON INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION OF KARON RIVERKHOZESTAN PROVINCE. *Azita Farashi. University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10128] THE NEED FOR GLOBAL LEGISLATION TO PREVENT WATER POLLUTION. *Harry Rosenthal. Lawyer, Self Employee, 8340 West Capital St, Jackson, MS 39157, USA. [10214] ASSESSMENT OF MANAGEMENT OPTIMIZATION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS BY TOTAL PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE (TPM). *Sattar Salehi, Nooshin Barzegar Marvasti. Civil and Environmental Department, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran [10284] ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN WATER AND WASTEWATER NETWORKS IN REFINERIES. *Hamed Ansari, Farhad shahraki, Iman Mohammadi Chaijan. Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, IRAN. [10295] SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF WASTEWATER; AN APPROACH WITH DECREASING VOLUME, POLLUTION AND REUSING OF IT. ,*Mahsa Nikafkar, Azim Ashayeri. Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Co., Tehran, IRAN. [10364] DISCUSSION EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIES AND FARMING SEWAGE IN ZAYANDEHROOD’S WATER QUALITY, CONSULTING ADEQUATE SOLUTIONS FOR PREVENTING THE RESULTED CONTAMINATION.

Y 83 Z

*Seyedrahman Daniali, Fateme Mohammadi Aidogmeshi, Vahideh Naz. Najafabad’s Environment Organization, Isfahan, IRAN. [10421] CONSIDERATIONS IN INTER –BASIN WATER TRANSFER PLANS (IBWT) WITH RESPECT TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (CASE STUDY TEHRAN PROVINCE). ,*Hassan Samadyar, Mina Macki Ale Agah, Behnaz Khodabakhshi, Javad Malakootikhah, M. Bayat, A.R. Azizi Saraji, F. Panahi. Islamic Azad University , Roudehen Branch, Tehran, IRAN . [10429] BIOMONITORING POTABLE WATER OF THIRUVANANTHAPURAM CORPORATION KERALA, INDIA. *Ayona Cheppu, S. Shekin. Cheppu, Mangattukonam, Kattaikonam, Trivandrum, Kerala, INDIA. [10457] INTEGRATED SALINITY MANAGEMENT IN HABLEH ROOD BASIN, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES. Gh.R. Zehtabian, A. Malekian. Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, IRAN.

ÖWater Resources/ Recycling and Reuse [10062] ANALYSIS OF WASHOUT WATER FOR REUSE WITHIN THE CONCRETE INDUSTRY WITH THE AID OF CHEMOMETRICS. *Leigh Mccarthy, Serge Kokot, Ray Frost. School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA. [10077] OPTIMAL OPERATION OF GROUNDWATER WELLS IN POLLUTED AREA WITH NITRATE. Elahe Pourfarahabadi, *Elahe Fallah-Mehdipour, Majid Kholghi, Omid Bozorg Haddad. Department of Irrigation & Reclamation Engineering, Faculty of Soil & water Engineering, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Tehran, IRAN. [10090] SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR SELECTING, DESIGN, INSTALLATION AND OPERATION OF HIGH PURITY WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL FACILITIES. *Alireza Jafari Arimi. Department of Production Critical Systems and Water Treatment, Research and Production Complex, Pasteur Institute, Tehran, IRAN. [10101] NATURAL ATTENUATION PROCESSES FOR REMADIATION OF ARSENIC CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER IN A VILLAGE OF HASHTROOD CITY, IRAN. *Ramin Salmasi, Farzin Salmasi. Research Center of Tabriz, IRAN. [10116] REUSE OF WASTEWATER OF AQUACULTURE TO INCREASE PRODUCTION OF EARTH PONDS OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS). *Morteza Alizadeh. Inland Salt Water Fishes Research Station, Bafgh, IRAN. Y 84 Z

[10143] COMPARISON OF HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION IN THE MUSCLE, LIVER AND GILL TISSUES OF TENUALOSA ILISHA IN THE KAROON RIVER, IRAN. *Ruhollah Rahimi, Ali Sadough Niri, Rezvan Ahmadi, Fatemeh Rezai. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, IRAN. [10144] HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION IN BLONGERS CROAKER (JOHNIUS BELANGERII) FROM NORTH COAST PERSIAN GULF. *Ali Sadough, Rezvan Ahmadi, Ruhollah Rahimi, Fatemeh Rezaie. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, IRAN. [10145] MEASUREMENT HEAVY METAL (Cd, Pb, Cu, Co, Ni) CONCENTRATIONS IN HILSA SHADE FROM HAFFAR AND ARVAND PARTS IN KAROON RIVER, IRAN. *Ali Sadough, Rezvan Ahmadi, Ruhollah Rahimi, Fatemeh Rezaie. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, IRAN. [10147] HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN MUSCLE TISSUE OF TENUALOSA ILISHA IN KAROON RIVER AND ITS RELATION WITH STANDRAD LENGTH AND TOTAL WEIGHT. *Ruhollah Rahimi, Ali Sadough Niri, Rezvan Ahmadi, Fatemeh Rezaie. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, IRAN. [10178] ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION OF WATER USAGE AND TREATMENT NETWORKS. *Hesam Ahmadian, Ramin B. Boozarjomehry, Davood Rashtchian. Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN. [10188] HEURISTIC APPROACH OF WATER REUSE AND WASTEWATER MINIMIZATION IN PETROLEUM REFINERIES. *Saleh Daryabari, Mostafa Moraveji. Shazand Arak Oil Refining Company, Arak, IRAN. [10201] EFFECT OF SHAHREKORD MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER ON SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AND ON PEPPER GROWTH AND YIELD. *Maryam Moradmand, Habib Beigi Harchegani. Department of Soil Science, Shahrekord University, IRAN. [10204] EFFECT OF TREATED MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER ON NICKEL CONCENTRATION OF PEPPER AND SOIL. Maryam Moradmand. Department of Soil Science, Shahrekord University, IRAN. [10216] EVALUATION OF REUSING OF TREATED WASTEWATER OF ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY OF ROUDEHEN BRANCH FOR IRRIGATION OF THE GREEN FIELDS OF THIS AREA. Maryam Farahani, Mina Macki Aleagha. Faculty Members of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen Branch, IRAN. Y 85 Z

[10220] EFFECTS OF SEWAGE SLUDGE FROM WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS ON HEAVY METALS MOVEMENT IN SOILS, AND CONTAMINATION OF GROUNDWATER. *A. Behbahaninia, S.A. Mirbagheri, J.Nouri. Graduate School of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, IRAN. [10232] EAST OF ISFAHAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT VALUE ENGINEERING. *Aliasghar Jalalzadeh-Fard, Mohsen Mohseni. Mahab Ghodss Co.,Tehran, IRAN. [10249] LABORATORY INVESTIGATION OF SEWAGE MICROBIAL POLLUTANT TRANSMISSION FROM SEWAGE SLUDGE AS ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN TWO DIFFERENT SOILS. *Nafiseh Nikamal Larijani, Mahmod Mashal, Alireza Hasanoghli, Abdolmajid Liyaghat, Masih Elahi. Aburahan Cumpus, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN. [10257] STUDY OF EFFECTED DYEING WASTE WATER IN TO UNDER GROUND AND SURFACE WATER (CASE STUDY: NAJAFABAD, TIRAN AND KARVAN SMALL PROVINCES IN IRAN). *Shila Hajehforosh Nia, Sayed Rahman Daniali. Environmental Science, Science and Research Branch Ahvaz, IRAN. [10259] EXAMINATION OF BAD ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS FROM ESFAHAN STEEL COMPANY’S SEWAGE ON ZAYANDEH ROOD RIVER AND ITS SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT. *Sayed Rahman Daniali, Shila Hajehforosh Nia, Fatemeh Mohamadi Aidoghmish. Environment Department Najafabad, Tiran and Karvan Towns, Isfahan, IRAN. [10338] THE VETIVER SYSTEM. * Kimia Shayan. Khorasan Razavi Water Regional Authority, Mashhad, IRAN. [10361] TORBAT-E-HEYDARIE W.W.T.P. VALUE ENGINEERING WORKSHOP. Mohsen Mohseni, *Aliasghar Jalalzadeh Fard, Soraya Khoee Nia. Mahab Ghodss Co., Tehran, IRAN. [10363] EXAMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLEXITIES RESULTED FROM UNWISE REPELLING OF SLAUGHTERHOUSES SEWAGE IN NAJAF ABAD. *Seyedrahman Daniali, Fatemeh Mohammadi Aidogmeshi, Vahideh Naz. Environment Department Director in Najafabad, Tiran and Karvan Towns, Isfahan, IRAN. [10383] GROUNDWATER ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE WITH RECLAIMED MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER. Abbas Ali Ghezalofloo, Maryam Rajabzadeh. Civil Environmental Engineering, KPM Consulting Engineers, Mashhad, IRAN. [10405] THE EFFECT OF TROUT FISH RAISING POOL WASTEWATER IN SABZKOUH RIVER. *Sayed Rahman Daniali, Shila Hajehforosh Nia. Environment Department Director in Najafabad, Tiran and Karvan Towns, Isfahan, IRAN. Y 86 Z

[10461] AN INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN EFFECT ON SEWER SYSTEM DEFECTS. N. Mehrdadi, S. M. Tafazoli, S. M. Ghaneeizad. Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10454] INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER REUSE FOR INDUSTRIAL CIRCULATING CYCLES WATER AND AGRICULTURE IRRIGATION IN ISFAHAN IRONWORK INDUSTRIES. Ch. Zahedi, M. Ghalami. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. [10463] HEAVY METALS IN ROOTS, STEAMS, LEAVES AND YIELDS OF PISTACHIO TREE IRRIGATED BY TREATED WASTEWATER. Mohamad javade Khanjani, Mojtaba Masomi, Navide Saehi. Shahid Bahonar Kerman University, Kerman, IRAN. [10465] THE STUDY OF STABILIZATION POOLS APPLICATION IN THE SYSTEM OF CIVIC SEWAGE PURIFICATION OF SUSANGERD. A.R. Masjedi, N. Jafarzadeh Haghigh, Sh. Kalantarzadeh. Department of Water Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IRAN.

Y 87 Z

10004-P Study of environmental management of pollutant resources on water canal of Pars Abad City, Iran E.Fataei Department of Environmental Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: Pars Abad City is located in the north of Ardabil province in Iran. Because of importance of water canal to provide water for city and agriculture in this area, this investigation is prepared. This investigates water quality changes and sources of pollutant and the decrease water quality to control the factors involved. The quality of the river water is affected in two ways: first from Aras River as supplier of canal water. This river passes from Turkey, Armenia and Azerbaijan countries and get pollutants in that basin from different urban and rural areas as well as industrial and agricultural pollutants which contribute to the pollution of this river, second it is polluted from residential and the agriculture runoff from cultivated areas around the canal. This study is based upon data of 2008 from 5 sampling stations along the Mil and Moghan dam and drinking water treatment of Pars Abad city. The results show that upstream stations have good quality but downstream have low quality. The canal in this area was categorized by quality. The findings indicated that the region is clearly suffering from environmental pollution which can be classified into four main zones with all measurement parameters and classified into three main zones with microbiological parameters. Keywords: Qualitative, Pollution Sources, Water Canal, Drinking Water Treatment, Pars Abad City

Y 88 Z

10007-P Oil spill clean up from water using biosurfactant H. Amani1, 2,*, M. H. Sarrafzadeh1, 2, M. Haghighi1, 2, Gh. Amoabediny2, M. J. Keshtkar2, O. Tavakoli1, M. R. Mehrnia2 1 2*

Oil and Gas Center of Excellence, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. BOX 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran (E-mail:[email protected])

Abstract Most countries suffered from oil spill due to the huge negative impact on the whole environment. Chemically synthesized surfactants have been used in the oil industry to aid to the clean up of oil spill. These compounds are not biodegradable and toxic to the environment. Biosurfactants, however, have been shown in many cases to have equivalent emulsification properties and are biodegradable. In this work, biosurfactant production by a member of the Bacillus subtilis group which was isolated from agricultural soil has been studied. Condition of biosurfactant production such as temperature and agitation rate was optimized. This biosurfactant reduced surface tension and interfacial tension both aqueous solution and hydrocarbon mixture. Maximum biosurfactant production reached to about 1.8 g/l and liquid surface tension decreased from 72 to 25 mN/m using Bacillus subtilis. The biosurfactant produced also attained an emulsion index of 80%, 75%, 68%, and 65%, for crude oil, hexadecane, kerosene and diesel, respectively. Stability studies showed that biosurfactant retained its surface-active properties along 15 days. So biosurfactants of this microorganism is suitable candidate for hydrocarbons separation from water and practical purposes. Keywords: Biosurfactant, Oil Contaminated, Emulsion Index, Bacillus Subtilis, Stability.

Y 89 Z

10008-O Investigation on quantity and quality of industrial wastewater effluent of Farabi Petrochemichal Company and applicable wastewater treatment system G. Sadeghi Attar, N. Mehrdadi, M.T. Jafarzadeh, A. Karbasi No 1102-175- West 2nd street - North Vancouver -BC- Canada (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]) Abstract Discharging untreated industrial waste water contaminated by organic matter to the water resources is one of the major environmental issues. Discharging of these waste water outlets is not only harm to the flora and the sea life, but also is a danger for changing the ecosystems . Economical Petrochemical zone is one of the industrial areas in south of the country in Banda Imam which is facing this environmental problem due to the neighboring of petrochemical industries with Khoor Mousa. FARABI petrochemical plant does not have any waste water treatment system. FARABI petrochemical plant is the first and one of the biggest producers of PHthalic anhydride and Dioctyl PHthalate in Iran. the products are used in industries as paint , resin production, shoes , Cable , Plastic and tube manufacturing and so on. The first stage of the research was evaluation of the FARABI production process know how , identification of the chemical consumables and finding the quantity of the waste water effluent in every stage of the process as well as the total. Then sampling and measuring the effluent in each source was done to identify the specification of dissolvable, PH, COD, TDS, and then we tested the effectiveness of the coagulant followed by a Jar test to define the optimum concentration of it and the suitable ratio of the PH in the final effluent. The result shows that the quantity of COD is 3500(mg/l). Also by using Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) as coagulant in Jar test we can segregate the organic contamination from the waste water in term of sludge in a way that 10 mg/l of %2 concentrated PAC in 9 PH can reduce COD by %56 and then we can transfer the waste water by a pipeline to the next stage for biological treatment in FAJR petrochemical plant. Keywords: Industrial Wastewater, Dioctyl Phthalate, Farabi Petrochemical Plant Y 90 Z

10009-O Structured hybrid materials. A good opportunity for extractive chemistry A. Mehdi ICGM, CMOS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract Organically functionalised silica’s obtained by inorganic polymerisation constitute a very fascinating class of materials .Indeed, by changing the nature of the organic moiety, it is possible to obtain materials presenting a large variety of properties such as catalysis, separation environment, optics etc….. These materials result from the polymerisation of a molecular precursor with at least two trialcoxysilyl (Si (OR)3) groups . Preparation and characterisation of materials functionalised with NH2, SH groups will be described. An original “one-pot” method of preparation of ordered and highly carboxylic or phosphonic acid-functionalised materials by hydrolysis and polycondensation of monosilylated precursors will be also presented. The chelating properties of these materials towards transition metals and lanthanides ions have been investigated. This family of materials can be developed in environmental domain i.e. selective chelation of nuclear ions. In addition, these materials with high content of acidic sites per gram of material could be good candidates for high proton conductivity, which is particularly useful in fuel cells domain. Keywords: Sol-Gel, Sel-Assembly, Environment

Hybrid

Y 91 Z

Material,

Separation,

10013-P A robust method to obtain optimal water consumption and wastewater minimization of cooling towers M. Gougol Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran Abstract The paper presents result of several industrial case studies. The need to lower operating costs to increase plants profitability; debottlenecking, fresh water shortages and stricter environmental regulations are all incentives for facilities to conserve water. Considering the fact that the cooling tower is one of the largest water consumers at the refineries and process plants, the main focus is on the water management at this system. When considering a plant’s cooling tower as a potential candidate to reduce water consumption, the engineer must manage various technical issues in order to prevent increased waterside problems. These problems can result in reduced plant efficiency, reliability, and longevity. This paper presents a methodology for makeup water, chemical and wastewater minimization in cooling towers with consider economic limitation. This approach brings the engineering insights provided by mathematical programming tools. The method is based on a conceptual scheme for the optimization of a superstructure model that includes all the possible features of a design. By finding the optimized solution of the superstructure model of the cooling towers in Tehran Oil Refinery Co., nearly 8,577 cubic meters per day of the city water also in Khangiran Gas Refinery Co., nearly 1000 cubic meters per day of the well water consumption and in Razi Petrochemical Co., nearly 8,100 cubic meters of the river water consumption will be saved. In comparison this model has less consumption of the makeup water than direct injection of the other raw waters. In addition, cooling tower blowdown should decrease. Keywords: Blowdown Reuse, Water Saving, Mathematical Optimization, Operational Experience, Cooling Tower

Y 92 Z

10014-P The effect of ozonation on biodegradability of organic matter in return flow from sludge treatment system H. Sadighinejad Parskhodro Co., Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract In this research, biodegradability of organic matter in two samples; water from dewatering and water from thickening were investigated. Also, the effect of the coagulant in organic matter in the dewatering process was studied. For characterization of organic matter, three kinds of resin were applied, DAX-8, AG-MP-50 and AG-MP-1. The comparison of the result of characterization in both samples shows that TOC in water from dewatering is higher than the TOC in water from thickening, with 500-600 mg/L and 50-100 mg/L respectively. Also, the majority of organic matter of return flow from dewatering and thickening is hydrophilic base (70%). The coagulant has a high concentration of TOC (800-900 mg/L) that can be removed during the dewatering process. This dewatering process allows the removal of hydrophobic acid, hydrophobic base, hydrophobic neutral, hydrophilic acid and hydrophilic neutral, but hydrophilic base still remains in effluent from the dewatering process. In this research, ozonation was used for changing the character of organic matter into a biodegradable part. 10 mg O3/min in 5, 30 and 60 minutes were applied. In this research, it was found that ozonation could change the hydrophilic base (HIB) and hydrophilic acid (HIA) to biodegradable parts like hydrophobic acid (HOA) and hydrophobic neutral (HON) in water from dewatering. Also, ozonation can be used for water from dewatering and it is not suitable for thickening process. Keywords: Characterization of organic matter, ozonation and biodegradability Keywords: Characterization Biodegradability.

of

Organic

Y 93 Z

Matter,

Ozonation,

10015-O Wastewater reuse for agriculture F. Panahi1, I. Malek Mohammadi2, L. Karpisheh3 1

Islamic Azad University, Dezful Branch, Dezful, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Department of Extension Education, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract The present paper is based on a literature review and aims to tackle the most important aspects regarding the topic wastewater reuse with focusing on reuse in agriculture. Still in some countries the institutional and legal framework is weak or not existent or only referring to international standards (guidelines or laws) which are very general and most of the times demand very cost intensive solutions. Wastewater treatment and use in agriculture is presented as a guide to the use of treated effluent for irrigation. The practice of using untreated wastewater for irrigation is widespread but has been largely ignored because the norm has always been that wastewater should be treated before use. Increasing water scarcity, lack of money for treatment and a clear willingness by farmers to use untreated wastewater have led to an uncontrolled expansion of wastewater use. Next to the development of new management strategies to supply fresh water, the issue of treating and recycling wastewater will play an important role in tackling the existing and occurring problems. Here the shortage of water is usually the main driving force for conservation of water. It is therefore important to better document the practice of irrigation with untreated wastewater in order to find out how it could be improved within the financial possibilities of very low-income countries. An integrated planning approach is therefore necessary in case reuse of wastewater shall be one management alternative in a water stressed. Keywords: Reuse of Wastewater, Agriculture, Irrigation, Treatment

Y 94 Z

10017-O Application of almond green hull for the removal of cobalt ion from aqueous solution A. Ahmadpour1, 2,*, M. Tahmasbi3, T. Rohani. Bastami3, J. Amel. Besharati4 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashad, P.O. Box 1111, Mashhad , Iran (E-mail: [email protected]). 2 Nanotechnology Center, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 3 Department of Chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91775, Mashhad, Iran (E-mail: [email protected] ; [email protected]) 4 Khorasan Razavi Regional Water Organization, Mashhad, Iran Abstract The presence of heavy metals in the environment is of important concern due to their toxicity and health effects on human and other living creatures. Cobalt is one of the usual toxic heavy metal present in the waste water of nuclear power plants and many other industries. The standard level of cobalt in drinking water is 2 µgL-1 but values up to 107 µgL-1 have been also reported. Many different adsorbents have been used for the removal of cobalt. In the present investigation, almond green hull, an agriculture solid waste, was used for the adsorption of Co(II) from aqueous solutions. The efficiency of this adsorbent was studied using batch adsorption technique under different experimental conditions such as adsorbent dose, initial metal-ion concentration, contact time, adsorbent particle size, and chemical treatment. Optimum dose of adsorbent for maximum metal-ion adsorption were 0.25 g for 51.5 mgL-1 and 0.4 g for 110 mgL-1 concentrated solutions, respectively. Also, the adsorption of Co(II) on almond green hull followed pseudo second-order kinetics. Adsorption isotherms were expressed by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The Langmuir adsorption model fits the experimental data reasonably well compared to the Freundlich model. Maximum adsorption capacity of this new sorbent was found to be 45.5 mgg-1. The present study revealed that such a low cost material may be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of cobalt from wastewater streams. Keywords: Almond Green Hull, Agricultural Waste, Sorbent, Cobalt, Pesudo-Second-Order.

Y 95 Z

10019-P Removal of nickel from water and waste waters S. S. Faal Rastegar, E. Keshavarzi* Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran Abstract The magnetic iron nanoparticles are used as an original nucleus of infiltration system for removing pollution from subterranean waters and industrial wastewaters. In this project we are use these nanoparticles for removing nickel pollution. Firstly, nickel solutions are mixed with 0.03 gr of iron nanoparticles and then the mixture is exposed to ultrasonic radiation waves. In certain times, magnetic particles are separated from solution by the external magnetic field and the residual nickel is determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results show that iron nanoparticles have high efficiency for removing nickel from the water. So that 0.03 g iron nanoparticles can be removed about 13-25 ppm of nickel ions. The dual sorption and reduction mechanisms on top of the large surface of nanosized particles produce rapid reaction and high removal efficiency, and offer nZVI as an efficient material for treatment and immobilization of toxic heavy metals. Keywords: Nanotechnology, Removal, Nickel, Iron Nanopatickels.

Y 96 Z

10020-O Headloss/flow relationship in a scale model stormwater pollutant trap H. Khabbaz Saberi, H. Nikraz Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia, Perth WA 6102 (E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract The main focus of urban rainwater runoff disposal has traditionally been providing structurally sound drainage systems with the capacity to carry runoff from many different surfaces as quickly and efficiently as possible, without relating its quality at outfall. This has contributed to the decline of water quality in rivers and lakes and other receiving bodies. Recent developments in stormwater quality management have seen the introduction of stormwater pollutant traps (SPT), which are generally end-of the line devices designed to capture and store gross pollutants and some micro-pollutants, for subsequent removal and disposal. The VersaTrap Series A SPT is an offline stormwater pollutant trap which utilises an upstream diversion weir pit to divert the Design Treatment Flow (DTF) into the treatment chamber. Treated flow is returned to the diversion pit downstream of the weir, re-entering the drainage system. Peak flows in excess of the DTF bypass the diversion pit over the weir into the pipeline downstream. The measurement of head losses across a scale model at a range of flow rates through the SPT provides data from which a mathematical relationship between flow rate and head loss can be established for the device. By varying the weir height in the diversion weir pit and measuring the previously established flow rates associated with the head losses, the relationship between the weir height and diverted flow can be established. This allows the designer to specify the weir height required to divert the flow rate associated with a specific peak flow or treatment flow. Keywords: Runoff, Stormwater, Grosses Pollutants, Treatment Flow, Head Loss

Y 97 Z

10022-P Photocatalytic treatment of three textile dye solutions by industrial immobilized TiO2 nanoparticles A. R. Khataee*1, M. N. Pons2, O. Zahraa 3 1-

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, (E-mail: *[email protected]) 2Laboratoire des Sciences du Génie Chimique, CNRS, Nancy Université, ENSIC, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, F-54001 Nancy Cedex, France, (E-mail: [email protected]) 3Département de Chimie-Physique des Réactions, INPL, Nancy Université, ENSIC, 1, rue Grandville, BP 451, F-54001 Nancy Cedex, France, (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Photocatalytic treatment of the solution containing three commercial textile dyes (AO10, AO12 and AO8) has been investigated using TiO2 nanoparticles immobilized on a non-woven glass fiber fabric in a circulation photochemical reactor equipped with a 15W UV lamp. The investigated photocatalyst was industrial Millennium PC-500 (crystallites mean size 5-10 nm) immobilized on non-woven paper (Ahlstrom Research & Services). SEM images and X-ray analyses of the immobilized TiO2 nanoparticles showed that it could be regenerated and used for several times. Photocatalytic mineralization of the dyes was monitored by TOC decrease, changes in UV–Vis spectra and ammonium ion formation. The dye solutions could be completely decolorized and effectively mineralized, with an average overall TOC removal larger than 90% for a photocatalytic reaction time of 6 h. The nitrogen to nitrogen double bond of the azo dyes was transformed predominantly into NH4+ ion. Photocatalytic degradation experiments of dye solutions at neutral and alkaline pHs and of the hydrolysed dyes were compared. The results indicated that the photocatalytic removal rate of the dyes was lower with the hydrolysed dye solutions in comparison with the neutral pure dye solutions. The photocatalysis efficiency was evaluated by figure-of-merit electrical energy per order (EEO). Keywords: TiO2 Nanoparticles, Photocatalysis, Wastewater Treatment, Azo Dye, TOC.

Y 98 Z

10023-P Photocatalytic removal of C.I. Basic Red 46 using TiO2 nanoparticles immobilized on glass beads A. R. Khataee1,* 1

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran (E-mail: [email protected] /[email protected])

Abstract C.I. Basic Red 46, commonly used as a textile dye, could be photocatalytically removed using supported TiO2 nanoparticles irradiated by a UV lamp. All the experiments were performed in a batch reactor equipped with a 30 W UV-C lamp emitted around 254 nm. The investigated photocatalyst was industrial Degussa P25 (crystallites mean size 21 nm) immobilized on glass beads by a heat attachment method. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET techniques. The process of the dye decolorization in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles was experimentally studied through changing the initial dye concentration, UV light intensity and initial pH. The effect of pH on the rate of decolorization efficiency was followed in the pH range 3.5-11. Basic pH range was found to favor the decolorization efficiency. The decolorization of BR46 follows pseudo-first order kinetic according to the LangmuirHinshelwood model. The values k1 and k2 were found to be 0.273 mg l-1 min-1 and 0.313 (mg l-1)-1, respectively. Keywords: TiO2 Nanoparticles, Photocatalysis, Wastewater Treatment, Textile Dye.

Y 99 Z

10024-P

Decolorization of C.I. basic red 46 and C. I. basic blue 3 solutions by an advanced oxidation process A. R. Khataee1,*, A. Talebpour1, S. Norouzi 1, N. Mahmoudian1 1

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, (E-mail: *[email protected]/[email protected])

Abstract The present work mainly deals with photooxidative removal of two textile dyes namely C.I. Basic Red 46 and C. I. Basic Blue 3, in water in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under UV light illumination (30 W). Decolorization rate of the dyes was not so high when the photolysis was carried out in the absence of H2O2 and it was negligible in the absence of UV light. We have studied the influence of the basic operational parameters such as amount of H2O2, irradiation time, initial concentration of dyes and light intensity on the photooxidative decolorization efficiency. The effect of chemical structure of the dyes with different structure and different substitute groups on decolorization efficiency was discussed. The decolorization process was found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetic, and hence the figure-of-merit electrical energy per order (EEo) is appropriate for estimating the electrical energy efficiency and the treatment costs. It was found that the rate of decolorization increased with increasing in H2O2 amount, but the improvement is not obvious above an optimum value. Keywords: TiO2 Nanoparticles, Photocatalysis, Wastewater Treatment, Textile Dye.

Y 100 Z

10025-P An investigation on the nitrogen content of a petroleum refinery's wastewater and its removal by biological treatment H. Rasouli Kenari1, M. H. Sarrafzadeh1,*, O. Tavakoli1, M. Nikbakht2, Sh. Mataji 2 1

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran, * (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Tehran Oil Refinery Company, P.O. Box 18735- 4173, Tehran, Iran, (E-mail: [email protected] )

Abstract Nitrogen removal is currently an important constraint in treatment of any wastewater. Discharge of wastewater containing nitrogen can be toxic to aquatic life and human beings, causes oxygen depletion and eutrophication in receiving water, and affect chlorine disinfection efficiency. There are various methods of removing nitrogen, each with advantages and disadvantages. However, the biological treatment method is used most commonly. This investigation was performed on the biological removal of nitrogen from refinery's wastewater by the nitrification and denitrification process. With this method, organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen is converted into nitrate in an aerobic environment, and then it is converted in an anaerobic process to nitrogen gas and dispersed into the atmosphere. In a petroleum refinery, removing of hydrocarbons is the main concern and nitrogen content is supposed to be negligible. The aim of this work was to search for nitrogen in Tehran Refinery wastewater and employing a biological technology to reduce this pollutant. Samplings were done in different points of wastewater treatment plant; influent to aeration unit, effluent of aeration unit and effluent of clarifiers. The results showed that despite a high average removal efficiency of COD of above 93%, the nitrogen removal during conventional activated sludge process was not efficient and sludge rising due to denitrification was observed within clarifier. The analysis conducted in laboratory scale showed that a simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process could easily be realized in the same activated sludge plant by using the flocculating sludge and control of dissolved oxygen concentration. Keywords: Dissolved Oxygen, Industrial Wastewater, MLSS, Nitrogen Removal, SND. Y 101 Z

10026-O Reverse osmosis of refinery oily wastewater effluents A. Salahi1, T. Mohammadi1*, F. Rekabdar2, H. Mahdavi3 1

Research Centre for Membrane Separation Processes, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected], [email protected]) 2 Polymer Science and Technology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) 3 School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Laboratory-scale reverse osmosis (RO) studies were carried out to determine feasibility of the process for treatment of Tehran refinery oily wastewater. The effects of transmembrane pressure (TMP), cross flow velocity (CFV), temperature and pH on permeation flux and separation performance of the thin film composite (TFC) polyamide (PA, type UTC70UB) RO membrane were investigated. At original effluent composition, high rejection of TDS (87%), COD (95%), BOD5 (95%), TOC (90%), turbidity (82%) and oil and grease content (87%) along with complete rejection of color, free oil and TSS were achieved with a reasonably high flux of 50 lit/ (m2.h). Permeation flux was found to improve to with increasing TMP, CFV and temperature at constant feed concentration but rejection decrease slightly. The pH effects were found to be complex. By increasing acidic and basic nature of the feed, permeation flux was found to increase and rejection to reduce. The results showed that, RO is very suitable for treating and recycling refinery oily wastewater effluents. Also, Fouling of the membrane completely follows Hermia’s model (cake filtration mechanism). Keywords: RO, Composite Membrane, Oily Wastewater, Permeation Flux, Rejection

Y 102 Z

10031-P Waste water softening process with Zeolite technology M. R. Parno Tehran Refinery Oil Company, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Drought conditions and increasing water usage have combined to decrease the availability and increase the cost of the good quality, low hardness water preferred for cooling tower makeup use. At the same time, stricter environmental restrictions on effluent discharge have resulted in increased tendency for reduction of cooling tower blowdown to the sewers. The addition of these concerns to the existing requirements for control of scale, corrosion, and biological fouling has increased the difficulty associated with performing a cooling water management program. This study is intended to provide the Owner with a brief understanding of proper water and wastewater to control corrosion, scale, deposition and biological fouling in cooling tower .In following, reduction of makeup water via the best proper M/U water quality which is in the scope of current project, will be discussed. Keywords: Zeolite Resin, Water Treatment, Water Softening.

Y 103 Z

10033-P The study of caustic recovery increase in settling and decreasing the destructive environmental effects in alumina factory H. Pahlavanzadeh, R. Salimi* Department of Chemical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South of Tehran Branch, P.O.Box 94415-1135, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Bauxite contains aluminium hydroxides in large percentage and is therefore largely used for the production of alumina (Al2O3) through the Bayer chemical process, which is based on the reaction with sodium hydroxide under heat and pressure. The red mud probably represents the main problem in the alumina production and its disposal constitutes an environmental problem, most of all for its caustic nature. The objective of this research is to investigate the use of Na2O for settlement enhancement of red mud of Alumina production plant of JaJarm, Iran in which the mud washing operation is performed to recover the alumina and Na2O.In what follows, this operation is described. Firstly sample is taken from the overflow thickener of the red mud. Then, the effect of Na2O on the settling velocity is measured. A washer is added to the existing washers to increase Na2O recovery. ASPEN software is employed to simulate the unit to determine the contribution of the added washer to the Na2O recovery. The results show a reduction from 5.5 percent to 4.8 percent in the Na2O in the red mud as well as an increase in the recovered Na2O from the overflow. These lead to faster settling and greater production capacity. On the other hand the lower amount of Na2O in red mud dispatching the disposal, the destructive environmental effects are remarkably lower. Keywords: Alumina, Caustic, Environmental, Simulation.

Y 104 Z

10036-O Preparation and characterization of concrete containing TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants A. Ehsani 1,2, K. Shabani 1, M. Nili 2, S. Shakhesi 1 1

Engineering Research Institute, Jahad-Agriculture Ministry, P.O.Box 13445-754, Tehran, Iran, (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Structural Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran, (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract Innovation of novel technologies such as biotechnology and nanotechnology in recent years has provided interesting trends in advanced materials and processes which are introduced for air and water purification, as well as agricultural and urban waste water refinery. A useful method for researchers is to use nano photocatalysts, especially titanium dioxide nanoparticles, to reduce environmental pollution of the micro organisms via oxidation and chemical reduction process. In this study, the photocatalytic and purifying capability of concrete samples containing TiO2 nanoparticles are investigated experimentally. Two concrete mix designs with water-binder (w/b) ratio equal to 0.45, including reference mixture (free of nano-TiO2) and a mixture contained 1% NanoTiO2 by weight of binder were prepared. Concrete Samples were cured for 7 days in standard conditions. In the next step, photocatalytic degradation of standard Rhodamine-B solution (with chemical formulation of C28H31ClN2O3 produced by Fluka Inc.) exposed to UV light in touch with concrete samples was studied by monitoring the gradient of solution’s concentration versus time. This process performed by spectrophotometric analysis of both provided solutions (reference and 1% wt. containing nanoparticles) in 553nm wavelength. Obtained results illustrate that concrete sample containing nanoparticles would significantly reduce the solution’s concentration via degradation of Rhodamine-B. Thus, while the cement consumption is reduced, concrete samples containing nanoparticles exhibit the photocatalytic and purifying capability. In the other hand, some improvements in mechanical properties (tensile and compression strength) have been observed in these samples. Keywords: Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles, Concrete, Photocatalytic Degradation Y 105 Z

10037-P Studies on sorption characteristics of a novel inorganic ion exchanger for treatment of radioactive waste solutions S. J. Ahmadi 1, S. Attar Nosrati 1,2,*, F. Mohammadi Zonoz 2 1

Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Fuel cycle School, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Faculty of Chemistry, Damghan University of Basic Science, Damghan, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract The nuclear industry produces large volumes of radioactive waste solution, which requires treatment prior to final disposal or storage. Various types of inorganic and organic ion exchangers have been used for this purpose; however inorganic ion exchangers generally are superior to organic resins because of their greater resistance to high temperature and high radiation which is of great importance in the nuclear technology. This dissertation presents a development work of new highly efficient heteropolyacid-based inorganic ion exchanger; Zirconium molybdo tungsto vanado silicate aimed for the treatment of nuclear waste solutions. The focus has mainly been on the removal of several key radionuclides (137Cs, 124Sb and 154Eu) from liquid radioactive waste and 147Nd,153Sm and 140 La from aqueous under simulated conditions using batch technique. Keywords: Radioactive, Sorption, Ion Exchanger, Nuclear Waste, Decontamination.

Y 106 Z

10038-O Biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by the brown marine algae of the Oman Sea A. Abdolali1, N. Niakan1, P. Rabbani1, M. M. Montazer-Rahmati1,* 1

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O.Box 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; * [email protected] )

Abstract In this work, the biosorption properties of Cd (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) on both intact and pre-treated brown marine algae; Cystoseira indica, Sargassum glaucescens, Nizimuddinia zanardini and Padina australis treated by formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polyethylene imine, calcium chloride and hydrochloric acid have been studied. Experimental results were obtained from batch equilibrium tests. The optimum sorption conditions were investigated and results showed that the highest biosorption capacities (19.42 mg/g, 10.06 mg/g and 51.83 mg/g for Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II), respectively) were obtained at an optimum pH of 5.5, 6.0 and 5.5 for Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II), respectively. Initial metal concentration was 0.5 mmol/L while contact time was about 120 min. The one-way ANOVA and one sample t-test were performed on experimental data to evaluate the statistical significance of biosorption capacities after five sorption and desorption cycles. To describe the biosorption isotherms, the Langmuir, Freundlich, Toth, Khan and Radke-Prausnitz isotherm models were applied. The results fit well to the Radke-Prausnitz, the Toth and the Khan isotherms for Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II), respectively. The kinetic data were fitted by the models including pseudo-first and pseudosecond order. From the results obtained, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model described well the biosorption of cadmium, nickel and lead ions, in that the R 2 obtained was above 0.99 for all the mentioned metals. Keywords: Biosorption, Brown Algae, Heavy Metals, Isotherm, Kinetics.

Y 107 Z

10039-O Modeling the treatment of industrial wastewater using anaerobic baffled bioreactors with artificial neural network M. Rajaei1, G. Pazuki2, M. Vossoughi2, 3, M. Borghei2

1

Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Tehran, Iran. (E-mail: *[email protected]) 2 Sharif University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) 3 Institute for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Tehran, Iran. Abstract In this study, the Artificial Neural Network model was used to model the behavior of anaerobic baffled reactors. In this model influent COD, hydraulic retention time and time to reach steady state condition were considered as input, while the output were the effluent COD and the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA). One hidden layer with 6 nodes related the input to the output data. Thus the structure of the proposed model is 3-6-2. The transform functions tried for the input neurons were the Sigmoid and Tangent functions and a Tangent function was used for the output. The Batch Back Propagation method (BBP) was used to train and test the neural network. Out of about 200 experimental data points used in this study, 80% were used for training and 20% for testing. The tests showed that the sigmoid function for the input data and the Tangent function for the output data performed well and are suitable. The network’s Average Relative Deviation (ARD) error for the predicted effluent COD and VFA was 2.97% and 6.09% respectively, demonstrating good accuracy and suggesting that the use of Neural Network modeling for the treatment of industrial wastewater using anaerobic bioreactors has great promise. Keywords: Anaerobic Baffled Bioreactors, Modeling, Neural Network, Wastewater Treatment.

Y 108 Z

10040-P The uptake of some excessive essential elements and cadmium with the crops under wastewater irrigation H. Molahoseini1*, M.D. Feizi1 Scientific staff of Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, P.O.Box 81785-199 Isfahan, Iran (Email: Molahoseini_h@ yahoo.com) Abstract The study was performed in the farmer fields in 2005 at Varamin region located in south of Tehran-Iran. The soil is a Shahr-e-Ray Series, Typic Haplogypsids. The investigated crops were sunflower, turnip and forage corn under wastewater irrigation. The experiment was a randomized block design with three replications. The results of experiment showed that the highest concentration of N, P, Zn, Cu were 6.05% ,1.27% ,97.27 ppm ,22.84 ppm in grain and Cd was 0.54ppm in sunflower leaf. The most concentration of K and NO3 were 5.79% and 8.26% in turnip leaf. Finally, the most concentration of Fe and Mn were 335.25 and 114.78 ppm in forage corn root and leaf respectively. Base on the results of this experiment, lands under wastewater irrigation with excessive amount of essential elements and cadmium can cultivate sunflower for uptake excessive content of N, P, Zn, Cu and Cd, turnip for uptake excessive content of K and NO3 and forage corn for uptake excessive content of Fe and Mn without any yield decreased. Keywords:

Forage

Corn,

Elements

Sunflower, Turnip.

Y 109 Z

Concentration,

Remediation,

10041-O Ammonia removal from swine wastewater using microbial fuel cell (MFC) N.Faraghi1,*, S.Ebrahimi1, R.Yegani1, M.Seifi1 1

Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran (Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]*)

Abstract Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are an emerging technology that converts the energy contained in organic matters such as carbohydrates, volatile fatty acids, and other wastewater compounds (e.g. Ammonia) directly to useful electrical power. The principle relies on the fact that generating current is in the nature of microorganisms, as they transfer electrons from a reduced electron donor to an electron acceptor at a higher electrochemical potential. Wastewater treatment using MFC was suggested as a sustainable method of simultaneous wastewater treatment and bioenergy generation. Nitrogen removal from wastewater is an important component of treatment, particularly for high strength animal wastewaters. Nitrogen removal has been difficult to achieve in singleprocess systems, and usually multiple reactors are needed. This study was aimed to study Nitrogen removal in two-chamber continues MFC. Ammonia removal were measured in MFC and compared with the results of conventional methods. Polarization and power density curves were also conducted in this system and the results show that the MFC was producing the maximum power output of 32.71 mWm-2 .The ammonia oxidation peaks in cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests show the presence and activity of nitrifying microorganisms in the system. Keywords: Animal and Human Wastewaters, Bioenergy, Microbial Fuel Cells, Nitrifying Microorganisms.

Y 110 Z

10043-P Textile wastewater treatment by electron beam irradiation in presence of H2O2 F. Anvari*1, M. Kheirkhah1, M.R.Parsaeian1, B. Vakhshour1, A. Mehdizadeh1, M. Tabasi1 1

Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Radiation Application Research School, P.O. Box: 89175-389, Yazd, Iran (E-mail: *[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected])

Abstract: In this study, degradation and decoloration of aqueous solutions of reactive and acid commercial dyes and textile wastewater under electron beam irradiation were investigated. All samples were irradiated at different doses of 1, 3, 6 and 9 kGy. The changes of absorption spectra, degree of decoloration, pH, and chemical oxygen demand were analyzed. In addition to the influence of absorbed dose and hydrogen peroxide additions upon reactive black dye are discussed. Also microbial contamination of textile wastewater was measured before and after irradiation. The experimental results showed that reactive and acid dyes in aqueous solutions can be effectively degradiated by electron beam irradiation. The absorption bands for RB5 and AR151 decreased rapidly at 1 kGy irradiation dose and disappeared almost completely at 9 kGy. Also the degree of decoloration RB5 solution at 1 kGy dose and with increasing H2O2 concentrations up to 5 mmol/L was higer than 99/78%. Due to production of organic and inorganic acid anions the pH decreased during irradiation. Keyword: Decoloration; Electron Beam Irradiation; Reactive and Acid Dyes

Y 111 Z

10044-O Thermophilic membrane bioreactor for the treatment of oily wastewater F. Geramiraz1* M. Vosoughi1, M. Hesampour2, H. Fouladi1, H. Kariminia1, M. Mänttäri2, M. Nyström2, J. Kashfi1. 1

Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected])

2

Faculties of Technology, Lappeenranta University of Technology, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland (Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected])

Abstract The membrane bioreactor (MBR) as an alternative method for simultaneous biodegradation and separation of oily water has received more attention, recently. Normally the MBR works at ambient temperature; therefore, the yield of biodegradation recalcitrant components is low. Increasing temperature improves the efficiency of degradation and reduces the amount of produced sludge. In this study the performance of an aerobic thermophilic membrane bioreactor (MBR) for treating oily wastewater has been investigated. In batch conditions (without applying the membrane), a comparison between COD removal in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions was done. In thermophilic conditions COD and oil removal efficiency were more than 90% when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the system was 15 and 18 hours. In continues mode, when the MBR was operated with the average MLSS of 6500 mg/l, COD and oil removal efficiency reached near 94% and 96%, respectively. Decreasing HRT led to accumulation of oil, therefore, the concentration of oil in the bioreactor will exceed than concentration in the influent. Shorter HRT increased the propensity of the membrane to fouling. The optimum retention time was 8 h and in this condition COD and oil removal efficiency were 93% and 96%, respectively.The MBR system provided stable effluent quality against shock loading. Keywords: Accumulation of Oil, Membrane Bioreactor (MBR), Optimum Hydraulic Retention Time, Thermophilic.

Y 112 Z

10045-O Investigation on biological treatment of para-nitrophenol contaminated water and the effective factors P. Pirieh1, F. Naeimpoor2,* 1, 2

Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 16846-13114, 1 (E-mail: [email protected]), 2,*(E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract Widespread use of para-nitrophenol (PNP) for drug, pesticides manufacturing and dyestuff production has made PNP as an important pollutant in industrial wastewater streams. In this study, four bacterial and three fungal species have been examined for their efficiency towards PNP degradation. At initial PNP of 50mgl-1, Aspergillus terrus with 70% PNP removal was found as the superior fungi, while it could not tolerate 100mgl-1 PNP. For bacterial strains, experiments were carried out to compare PNP degradation at 50mgl-1 (0.05% glucose as co-substrate), among which Alcaligenes faecalise showed the highest PNP biodegradation of 21%. Increased amount of glucose to 0.1% resulted in an increase in growth, however, prolonged lag phase in biodegradation was observed. Alternate nitrogen sources i.e. yeast, sodium nitrate and ammonium sulfate each at 0.01% were tested (0.05% glucose as cosubstrate) where yeast resulted in the maximum PNP degradation. Increased amount of yeast to 0.1% led to 57% PNP biodegradation. Inhibitory effect of PNP at 100mgl-1 PNP was studied at the optimum concentrations of glucose and yeast showing decreases in both growth and biodegradation. However, 38% PNP removal was still obtained while Aspergillus terrus could not tolerate this high PNP concentration. Keywords: Alcaligenes Faecalise, Aspergillus Terrus, Biodegradation, Nitrophenol, Wastewater Treatment

Y 113 Z

10046-P Effect of pretreatment on biosorption of uranium by brown alga in a continuous packed bed column M. Ghasemi1,*, R. Dabbagh2, A. Keshtkar3, S. J. Safdari3 1

School of Nuclear Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran (E-Mail: [email protected]) 2 Nuclear Science Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran 3 Nuclear Fuel Cycle School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

Abstract Biosorption is an emerging technique in heavy metals removal. In this research, biosorption of uranium (II) from aqueous solution by Cystoseira indica (type of brown alga) biomass and the effect of pretreatment were studied in a continuous packed bed column. The uptake capacity of uranium ions was investigated by natural biomass and different pretreatments. Solutions of HCl (0.1 M) and CaCl2 (0.1 M and pH=2.5, 4, 9.7) has been added to biomass as pretreatment. Also the biosorption mechanism was considered. Experiments were carried out with initial concentration of 0.5 mM, pH=4 and flow rate of 2.3 ml/min at 25 °C. Results show that uptake capacity of uranium ions with natural biomass was 284.06 mg/g. Addition of HCl (0.1 M) and CaCl2 (0.1 M and pH=2.5, 4, 9.7) solutions to biomass change the uptake capacity and uptake capacities were 182.95, 287.21, 371.39 and 359.70 mg/g, respectively. Considering the concentrations of cations proves that ion exchange is the main biosorption mechanisms. Keywords: Biosorption, Uranium, Sorption Column, Brown Alga, Ion Exchange

Y 114 Z

10047-P Radiation treatment of urban wastewater and drinking water by electron beam B.Vakhshour1,*, N.Fallahnejad1, A.Mehdizadeh1, F.Anvari1, M.Kheirkhah1 1

Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Radiation Application Research School, Yazd, Iran (E-mail:[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected])

Abstract: In this study, the microbe's pollution of sewage, wastewater and several wells around Yazd were measured. Our study includes counting aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Coliforms and E.coli. Then the microbial resistance of the sample to ray was determined as D10 value and the optimum dose obtained to meet the desired level of pollution and disinfection the wastewater. Also, Salmonella detection tests before and after irradiating was performed on the samples. We were used irradiation method by Electron beam to decrease bioburden. Also BOD and COD of wastewater were measured and shown that BOD and COD were been decreased after irradiation regularly. Keywords: BOD, COD, Disinfection, Electron beam, Irradiation, wastewater

Y 115 Z

10048-P Uranium separation from wastewaters by electrodialysis A. Zaheri1,*, A. Moheb2, A. R. Keshtkar3, A. S. Shirani1 1

Department of Nuclear Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran ([email protected]) 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran ([email protected] ) 3 Nuclear Science Research school, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, P.O. Box 11365, 8486 Tehran, Iran Abstract Uranium is a toxic and radioactive heavy metal, found in nuclear effluents that should be treated by considering economic and environmental aspects. Electrodialysis (ED) is one of the most efficient membrane processes that use electricity as driving force for separation. In this study uranium separation from synthetic effluents by ED was investigated. Taguchi method was used to plan a minimum number of experiments. A L9 array (three factors in three levels) was employed to evaluate effect of flowrate (5, 15, 30 ml/min), voltage (10, 20, 30) and feed concentration (200, 500, 1000 ppm) on performance of uranium separation from the wastewaters. ANOVA method was used to evaluate relative effect of each factor. It was found that increasing voltage and decreasing flowrate improves performance and initial concentration dose not affect it considerably. Flowrate had more effect than voltage. In line with the results electrodialysis was found to be very effective for uranium removal from wastewaters. Keywords: ANOVA, Electrodialysis, Membrane, Taguchi, Uranium

Y 116 Z

10049-P Biodegradation of phenol by new strain of thermophilic bacteria Sh. Bokaee1,*, M. Vosoughi1, M Borghei1, J. Kashfi1. 1

Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] )

Abstract In the field of hazardous wastewater treatment the attention is focused on aromatic hydrocarbons because of their widespread presence in wastewater from petroleum refineries and petrochemical industries. Phenols are among the most hazardous contaminants in refinery wastewater and they are the most difficult to remove. Many techniques have been used in the past few years for removal of phenols. Biological treatment has proved to be the most promising and economical method for this purpose. Recent researches have shown that native microorganisms are more effective than commercial type. In this study, batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the biodegradation of phenol by thermophilic bacteria using free and immobilized cells at different conditions. This strain was isolated from the soil close to Tehran oil refinery which was characterized as Nocardia otitidiscaviarum. The bacteria were activated and gradually acclimatized to high concentrations of phenol of up to 1000 mg/l. The experimental results indicated that the biodegradation ability of this isolated strain is highly affected by temperature, pH, initial phenol concentration and abundance of the biomass. The biodegradation rate by free cells is optimized at 50 ºC, pH of 7 and phenol concentration of 600 mg/l. The higher phenol concentrations inhibited the biomass and reduced the biodegradation rate. However, the isolated strain still has the ability of degrading phenol at the concentration of 1000 mg/L. Cells acclimated to phenol can be adsorbed on the external surface the Monolith as the support where they grow to form a network of large filaments. Exponentiallygrowing cells were adsorbed faster than their stationary-phase counterparts. Immobilization resulted in a remarkable enhancement of the respiratory activity of cells and a shorter lag phase preceding the active phenol degradation. Keywords: Biodegradation, Thermophile.

Immobilization,

Y 117 Z

Monolith,

Phenol,

10050-O Controlling photocatalytic degradation of Titania through microstructure to treat waste waters S. Khameneh Asl1*, M. Kian pour Rad1, S.K. Sadrnezhaad1 1

New Materials Group, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Karaj, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract Solar energy utilization through semiconductor photocatalysis has been insensitively investigated for both air pollution and waste water treatment applications. Heterogeneous photocatalytic reactions are mostly surface chemical reactions and the morphology properties of the semiconductor play a critical role in determining the reaction efficiencies and mechanisms. The microstructure properties of TiO2, the most popular semiconductor photocatalyst, are related with various parameters that include pH, surface charge, particle size distribution, Specific surface ratios, crystalline phase, surface defects and sites. TiO2 surface can be actively modified by manipulating the above parameters in order to optimize or control the photocatalytic reactions. This paper introduces various examples that show how structure modification influences the photocatalytic activities in relation with dyes degradation. The methods of structure modification of TiO2 include precursors and preparation methods and parameters. Understanding the relation between the microstructure property and the photocatalytic activity is essentially required to control the surface sites and semiconductor phases Keywords: Hydrothermal, Microstructure, Photocatalyst, TiO2.

Y 118 Z

10051-O Treatment of wastewater containing glyphosate using submerged membrane bioreactor H. Fouladi Ghale, F. Geramiraz, M. Borghei, M. Vosoughi, M. Hesampour Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Department, Biochemical & Bioenvironmental Research center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Glyphosate is a toxic chemical that is released in to the environmental as herbicide for crops. Widespread use of glyphosate has resulted in uncontrolled release into the soil and aquatic environments. Glyphosate along with other contaminants present in these soils is often transported into freshwater streams and lakes by surface runoff or into groundwater by infiltration. Several physical, biological and chemical treatment methods have been used to treat wastewater containing glyphosate. Treatment processes such as activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange, incineration ,advanced oxidation processes and biological degradation have been proposed for treating or recovering these compounds. This study focuses on the application of submerged membrane bioreactor with mixed culture of microorganisms to treat wastewater contaminated with glyphosate in order to meet the effluent discharge standards. Synthetic wastewater with COD of 700 mg/l was fed into MBR at varied glyphosate loading rate. A glyphosate removal rate of higher than 90% and COD removal rate of higher than 95% were achieved at hydraulic retention time (HRT (of about 12 hours. Keywords: Membrane Bioreactor ,Glyphosate, Wastewater, Herbicide

Y 119 Z

10052-O Treatment of wastewater containing formaldehyde in a novel rotating biological contactor E. Fatoorechi*, S.M. Borghei, F. Vossoughi, G. Kashfi Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Research Center (BBRC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract A novel rotating biological contactor (RBC) was designed to remove formaldehyde in wastewater from industrial discharges. This model consisted of 2 chambers filled with random pickings of KMT (kaldness miliotechnique) type with the specific surface area of 500 m2/m3. The reactor was fed continuously with molasses, nutrient and formaldehyde solution of 37% .formaldehyde concentration increased gradually from 10 to 1000 ppm at different hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 8 ,12 ,24 ,48 hr while the total COD was fixed at 1000 mg/l. To study the inhibitory effect of formaldehyde on the wastewater treatment efficiency the ratio of formaldehyde COD to total COD varied from 0.17 to 1. The maximum formaldehyde removal efficiency was obtained at the ratio of 0.34 (formaldehyde concentration of 200mg/l) at HRTs of 48, 24, 12 hr, while at HRT of 8hr the optimum ratio was 0.2 (formaldehyde concentration of 120mg/l). The first stage of RBC was the most efficient stage as approximately 92% of formaldehyde removed in this stage. The results indicated that the second stage of the RBC was especially important at lower formaldehyde loadings (67 to 1340 mg formaldehyde /m2.d) .The experimental results revealed that KMT packing type has significant effects in the performance of the novel RBC. This type of packing enhanced the specific surface area for the biomass growth and they retained 20.2 to 65 gr MLVSS/m2 which is considerably high in compare with the amounts of attached biomass in the conventional RBCs. Keywords: Rotating Biological Contactor Wastewater, KMT, Formaldehyde Inhibitation.

Y 120 Z

(RBC),

Formaldehyde

10053-O Comparison of 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) contaminated water biological treatment by various microorganisms G. Sheibani1, F. Naeimpoor2,* 1, 2

Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 16846-13114, 1 (E-mail: [email protected]), 2,*(E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract Due to carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic properties of 2,4,6trinitrotoluen (TNT) in military industries wastewater, treatment of TNT wastewater is crucial. The aim of this work is to identify the superior organism for TNT remediation among seven microorganisms reported as being effective in aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation. Mycelial growth of all fungal strains namely Penicillium purpurogenome, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Aspergillus terrus was examined at 50ppm TNT, A. terrus showing the highest growth rate. To assess the inhibitory effect of TNT on fungal growth, TNT at 100ppm was used where only A. terrus could tolerate this concentration. This is the first report on fungal growth at this high TNT concentration. Among the tested bacteria in aerobic cultures (TNT at 100ppm supplemented with 0.5% glucose), Pseudomonas putida was found as a superior candidate for TNT remediation (>80% removal during 24h). The effect of various co-substrates on growth of P. putida was also investigated leading to glucose as the best co-substrate. In addition, to evaluate the role of surfactant on bioavailability of TNT in water, 0.1% Tween80 was used resulting in a 10h decrease in biodegradation time compared to the culture without surfactant. Keywords: Biotransformation, Explosives, Pseudomonas Putida, TNT, Wastewater Treatment

Y 121 Z

10054-P Anodizing wastewater treatment by nanofiltration *

S. Farajollahi1, , A. Torabian1, G.R. Nabi-Bidhendi1,A.H. Hoshmandyar1, M. Johnqorban1, N. Zare1, A. Ghadimkhani1 1

Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. (Email: [email protected]; [email protected], ghadimkhani_a @yahoo.com, [email protected])

Abstract Wastewater treatment of electroplating industries is essential due to high pollution and contamination of soil and water. It seems to be that due to high water consumption of these industries, it is essential to reuse and recycle the treated wastewater. In this research, removal of aluminum and sulfate from the wastewater using Nanofiltration pilot in anodizing aluminum industry was studied. The influential parameters for process are wastewater concentration, temperature and pressure which studied through pilot studies. NF-90 used as Nanofiltration module which is prepared and manufactured by Filmtec Company. The temperature and pressure intervals were 30, 35, 40°C and 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 20 bar, respectively. The results demonstrated that the best aluminum and sulfate removal obtain at 7.5 to 12.5 bar pressure and temperature of 30°C. The pressure and temperature increments induced to flux increment. Keywords: Anodizing Wastewater, Aluminum, Membrane Separation, Nanofiltration, Sulfate

Y 122 Z

10055-P Treatment of electroplating wastewater by reverse osmosis membrane Se. A. Moosavi Rad1,*, S. A. Mirbagheri1, T. Mohammadi2 1

Faculty of Civil Engineering, K.N.Toosi University of Technology, P.O.Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 16765-163, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Electroplating industries discharge one of the most hazardous industrial wastewaters containing heavy metals. So, there is a growing interest in developing methods for the treatment and recovering water and metals from plating industry effluent. In this study, electroplating wastewater containing chromium (VI) has been treated by means of reverse osmosis (RO) membra-Pne on a pilot plant. The chromium (VI) concentration in the untreated wastewater was 16 ppm. After the treatment, the concentration in the treated water was below 0.1 ppm which is the Iranian National Discharge Standard. The influences of concentration polarization and fouling phenomena were studied in the time interval of 24 h. Therefore, the influence of transmembrane pressure was investigated as the main operating variable. The study shows that increasing transmembrane pressure cause to increase the permeate flow rate and decrease the metal concentration in the permeate flow. Keywords: Chromium, Electroplating, Reverse Osmosis, Wastewater, Treatment

Y 123 Z

10056-O Adsorption isotherm studies of acid dye removal by exfoliated graphite A. Goshadrou, A. Moheb* Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; *[email protected]) Abstract The unaesthetic look of dyes and their toxicological effects have drawn considerable attention toward the contamination caused by textile effluents. Public opinion is extremely sensitive to this kind of environmental impact and often becomes more intolerant with the type of colored wastewaters than with much more dangerous ones that do not seem as harmful as they are colorless. Adsorption has been shown to be the most promising option for the removal of nondegradable dyes from aqueous streams. Exfoliated graphite (EG) is a well known material usually produced from various intercalation compounds submitted to a thermal shock. The development and the operation of dye adsorption processes require knowledge of the adsorption isotherms. In this work the use of exfoliated graphite has been investigated as an adsorbent for removal of C.I Acid Blue 92. The effect of initial dye concentration on removal efficiency was studied and adsorption capacity of exfoliated graphite was determined through a series of batch tests. The adsorption equilibrium data were analysed and the parameters of various isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Radke-Prausnitz were estimated using experimental data. The results have shown that adsorption behaviour of the dye could be described reasonably by Radke-Prausnitz model as well as that of Langmuir. Keywords: Isotherm Study, Dye Adsorption, Exfoliated Graphite, Pollutant.

Y 124 Z

10057-P Mathematical modelling of dye removal from aqueous solution in a fixed bed column using exfoliated graphite as adsorbent A. Goshadrou, A. Moheb* Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran (E-mail: [email protected];*[email protected]) Abstract Colored dye effluents pose a major threat to surrounding ecosystem and many of them are extremely toxic. Adsorption process in fixed bed columns has been widely used in industrial processes for dye removal from textile effluents. Mathematical modeling of the process can be very useful to evaluate the efficiency of the process as well as optimizing design and operational parameters. In this work the use of exfoliated graphite has been investigated as an adsorbent for removal of C.I Acid Blue 92. First the equilibrium behavior was obtained through a series of batch tests at constant temperature and experimental data were fitted to various isotherm models. The results have shown that adsorption behavior of the dye could be described reasonably by Radke-Prausnitz model as well as that of Langmuir. Then a linear driving force for the rate of adsorption and an axial dispersion model for dynamic behavior of fixed bed adsorber with nonlinear adsorption isotherm were formulated and solved numerically. Finally the mathematical model was validated through a comprehensive experimental study on the breakthrough curves of the C.I Acid Blue 92 adsorption over wormlike exfoliated graphite in a laboratory size column. Keywords: Adsorption Modeling; Breakthrough Curve; Fixed Bed Adsorber.

Y 125 Z

10058-P Biological corrosion prevention in water and wastewater installations by application of TiO2 nano particles coating F. Ali Ghaleh Babakhani, A. Rashidi, P. Lens Abbaspour University, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Corrosion is one of the greatest problems of water and wastewater industry forces a big amount of money and costs to the industry every year. We can mention biological corrosion (MIC) as which appears by forming biofilm layer. In this research we try to prevent formation biofilm by using TiO2 coating. In fact TiO2 causes oxidation of organic components by producing free hydroxyl radicals and super oxide ion and at last prevents biological layer growth. In this research, testing coupons has been coated with TiO2 nano particles by Sol gel method. Samples with TiO2 coating and control samples without TiO2 coating, placed in exposure with synthesized water and microorganisms. After some days the control samples were covered by biofilm and this layer thickened after some days. To study the thickness and the amount of biofilm formation weighting method has been applied. But about the covered samples, there was no biofilm on their surface and thus microbial corrosion would not occur. Keywords: TiO2, MIC, Sol Gel, Biofilm, Photo Catalist.

Y 126 Z

10059-O Experimental study on removal of MTBE from aqueous solution by exfoliated graphite B. Soltani1, A. Moheb1,* 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran (Email: [email protected], [email protected])

Abstract This paper presents the results of study on the removal of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from aqueous solution containing 0.00143(gr/mL) of MTBE by using exfoliated graphite (EG) as adsorbent. Experiments were carried out in batch mode and the effects of several affecting factors on the removal of MTBE were evaluated. Also, the effect of ultrasound irradiation on adsorption of MTBE was investigated. Results showed an efficient removal of MTBE from aqueous solution could be achieved by implementing ultrasound facilitated adsorption process using EG. In controlled conditions maximum removal percentage of 97% was achieved for MTBE and it was found that applying ultrasonic irradiation had a considerable positive effect on the removal of MTBE from its aqueous solution. Keywords: Adsorption, Exfoliated Graphite, MTBE, Ph, Ultrasound Irradiation

Y 127 Z

10060-O Accumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn and Ni in a calcareous soil by industrial wastewater and sewage sludge application. F. Movahedian1,*, M. Afyuni2, M.A. Hajabbasi2 1

Department of Agriculture, Isfahan Jehad-e-Agriculture Educational Center, Isfahan, Iran * (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Department of Soil Science, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran Abstract heavy metals may accumulate in the soil and water and damage animals and human life cycle.The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Sewage sludge and wastewater from Polyacryle Company on accumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn and Ni under farm conditions. Three rates of sewage sludge and two types of wastewater and well water as blank were applied to the soil. The study was carried out by using a split-plot experiment with completely randomized design with three replicates. The results showed that chemical quality of the wastewater and sewage sludge according to the standards of environmental protection agency for irrigation is suitable. Heavy metals concentration significantly increased under sewage sludge and wastewater treatments at 0-20 cm depth as compared to the blank sample but this increasing is less than standards of heavy metals concentration after using in agriculture. Although a long term study about this project is necessary. Keywords: Polyacryle Company, Wastewater, Sewage Sludge, Heavy Metals Accumulation

Y 128 Z

10061-O Kinetic modeling, reactor design, and flow model for removal of pharmaceutical residuals from aqueous systems by advanced oxidation technologies M. Mehrvar* M. Mohajerani, F. Ein-Mozaffari Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3 (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]) Abstract A dynamic kinetic model for the removal of pharmaceutical residuals mainly through photolytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) in two single and multi-lamp photoreactors is developed. The UV/H2O2 process has been proven to be more effective for oxidizing toxic, bio-recalcitrant, and inhibitory contaminants. The kinetic model contains different chemical and photochemical reactions. The model validation and verification are carried out using published experimental results from the open literature. The impact of different parameters such as H2O2 and alkalinity concentrations, the photoreactor size, and the light intensity on the efficiency of UV/H2O2 is studied. Local volumetric rate of energy absorption (light intensity profile) is also developed in the photoreactors. Turbulent flow in the photoreactors is modeled by a k-ε model using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package based on finite element method (FEM). The velocity field, the turbulent viscosity, and the vorticity contours for single lamp and multi-lamp photoreactors are also provided. Keywords: Advanced Oxidation Process, CFD, Finite Element Method, Photoreactor, Turbulent Flow

Y 129 Z

10062-P Analysis of washout water for reuse within the concrete industry with the aid of chemometrics L. Mccarthy*, S. Kokot, R. Frost. School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Concrete is often over-ordered, and small to medium quantities are returned to the concrete batch plant in the agitator/delivery truck for treatment. This treatment usually involves partially filling the agitator bowl with water and washing out the highly liquid/diluted concrete into “above ground” washout pits. These then drain into a series of “in ground” settlement pits. Water from these “in ground” pits is recycled in a closed circuit to wash out other agitator bowls. Due to the leaching of cementitious and fine materials from the “treated concrete” in the “above ground” washout pits, the solids content and alkalinity of water in the “in ground” settlement pits (slurry) increases over time to a level which makes it unsuitable for continued recycling. It is then necessary to remove this slurry and recommence the operations with “clean water”. This slurry is an alkaline solution and is classified as a regulated waste in Schedule 7 of the Environmental Protection Regulation 1998. In current concrete plant designs and operations, relationships between concrete properties and the following are not clearly understood: influence of proportion of recycled water; influence of the quality of recycled water; impact of different components within recycled water; level of acidity / alkalinity of recycled water; maximum density of solids in recycled water. This project undertook complete a comprehensive review of current strategies in water management at plants in SEQ by conducting surveys of waste management systems at each plant. This initial characterisation was then combined with a more detailed study on chemistry and mineralogy of selected water samples. Using chemometrics it is hoped that the level and nature of contamination in available water sources and their influence on fresh, hardening and hardened concrete properties can be identified. Keywords: Chemometrics, Recycled Wash out Water, Concrete, Industrial

Y 130 Z

10063-O Preparation of Polysulfone nano-structured membrane for removal metal ions from water A. Akbari*1, M. Homayoonfal1 1

Nano Science Technology Center, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran (E-mail: *[email protected]; [email protected])

Abstract Polysulfone nanofiltration (NF) membranes with higher pore size and higher charge density are capable of removing metal ions from water. Therefore the present study concerns the graft-modification of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes by UV irradiation. UF membranes were prepared via phase inversion method. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) with molecular weights 1500, 3000 and 4000 gr/mol was used in casting solution as comparatively big sized pore former. Effect of grafting conditions including monomer concentration and irradiation time on membrane performance properties as pure water flux (PWF) and salt rejection were studied. FTIR-ATR, SEM and AFM were employed to characterize the chemical and structural changes on the modified membrane surface. The result showed PWF significantly declines and salt rejection improves with increase in both graft irradiation time and monomer concentration. At 25 °C, PWF of this prepared NF membrane is 13.26 m3.m-2.h-1 at 300 kPa. The rejection to different salt solutions follows the decreasing order of Na2SO4 (96.3%), MgSO4 (58.8 %), NaCl (51 %) and CaCl2 (28.6%). The RMS roughness of this membrane is 1.65 nm which is NF membrane properties range. Key words: Metal Ion, Nanofiltration Membrane, Polyethylene Glycol, Polysulfone, Uvgraft.

Y 131 Z

10065-P Sustainable water management in agriculture F. Panahi1*, M. Chizari2 , SH. Kheiri3 1

Islamic Azad University, Dezful Branch, Dezful, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Department Extension Education, College of Agriculture, University of T.M.U, P.O.Box 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 3 Islamic Azad University, Abhar Branch, Abhar, Iran (E-mail: kheiri_sh @yahoo.com) Abstract One well cited ascertain in the literature is that water is an essential resource, important for ecology, human consumption; mineral processing and distribution, agriculture, and energy Sustainable irrigation water management should simultaneously achieve two objectives: sustaining irrigated agriculture for food security and preserving the associated natural environment. A stable relationship should be maintained between these two objectives now and in the future, while potential conflicts between these objectives should be mitigated through appropriate irrigation practices. Lessons learned from unsustainable water management practices around the world demonstrate the necessity and growing urgency of applying sustainability principles to water management. This paper presents the operational concepts and framework for sustainable irrigation water management. Maintaining current irrigation practices will lead to worsening environmental and economic consequences. Keywords: Sustainable, Water Management, Agriculture

Y 132 Z

10066-O Removal of BTX compounds from wastewaters by MFI zeolite membranesbased pervaporation process R. Torkaman1, M. Soltanieh1, H. Kazemian 2, 3 1

Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail:[email protected] and [email protected]) 2 Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Kebaangsan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 3 SPAG Zeolite R&D Group. Technology Incubation Centre, Science and Technology Park of Tehran University, Tehran, Iran, (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: MFI zeolite membranes were prepared on porous α-alumina substrates, using secondary growth of seed layers. The resulting MFI zeolite membranes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and pervaporation performance of these membranes for the separation of water-BTX mixtures. The morphology, thickness, homogeneity, crystal preferential orientation and permeation properties of these membranes have been studied in relation to the seed layers. The separation of mixture of benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) (representative of an industrially significant family of aromatic hydrocarbon chemicals produced from industrial wastes) from water was successfully obtained by using MFI zeolite membrane at optimum synthesis procedure. The influence of temperature, feed concentration on the membrane separation efficiency, permeation behavior and performance were systematically investigated. The total permeation fluxes were found to increase with increase in temperature and feed concentration. The separation factors increased with increasing feed concentration and decreased with increasing in temperature. Keywords: MFI zeolite Membrane, Pervaporation, BTX Compounds, Wastewaters

Y 133 Z

10069-O Study of degradation kinetics of wastewater containing organic colorant by nano photocatalytic advanced oxidation process (UV/nano-TiO2/ H2O2) F.Armand1, Kh.Badii2,*, S. F. Aghamiri3, S. M. Hashemi4 1

National Iranian Gas Company, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) 2 Department of Environmental Researches, Institute for Colorants, Paints, and Coatings (ICPC), Tehran, Iran (Email:[email protected]) 3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran (Emil:[email protected]) 4 Young Researchers Club-Islamic Azad University Shahr_e_Rey Branch Abstract In this research, photocatalytic decolorization and mineralization kinetics and mechanism of simulated wastewater, containing organic colorant, has been investigated by advanced oxidation process (AOP) of UV/nano-TiO2/ H2O2. Acid Blue 92 (AB92), a monoazo acidic class dye, was used as model dye in 40, 60 and 80 ppm initial concentrations. Taguchi method was used to optimize the experiments and estimate the optimized condition (optimized concentration of colorant, pH, time and concentration of oxidant) of degradation. The progress of degradation process has been investigated by measurement of maximum absorbance at visible spectrum of UV/Visible spectra (571 nm for AB92) for each sample. After specifying the optimized condition, the kinetics experiments were carried out in three different pH levels, acidic, neutral and basic. Kinetic analysis of AB92 indicated that the photocatalytic degradation rate is approximately foure order in basic pH. Decreasing of pH level reduced the order of reaction rate equation. Degradation process of AB92 progress was followed through FT-IR and UV-Vis analyses. Results of these analyses helped to select the best suggested degradation mechanism of photocatalytic advanced oxidation process by UV/nano-TiO2/H2O2. Keywords: Degradation Mechanism, AOP, Degradation Kinetics, NanoTio2, AB92

Y 134 Z

10070-P Decolouration of the diazo dye reactive black 5 by Trametes pubescens at laboratory reactor scale K. Enayatzamir1, 2*, F. Tabandeh3, B. Yakhchali3, S. Rodríguez Couto1, 4, 5 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain 2 Department of Soil Science Engineering, Faculty of Soil and Water Engineering, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran (Email:[email protected]) 3 Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. Box 14155, 6343 Tehran, Iran 4 CEIT. Section of Environmental Engineering, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 15, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain, e-mail: [email protected] 5 Ikerbasque, Baque Foundation for Science, Alameda de Urquijo 36, 48011 Bilbao, Spain Abstract Azo dyes constitute up to 70% of all the known commercial dyes produced and are particularly problematic, because they exhibit low levels of binding to the fabric and about 10-20% of the total dye used in the dyeing process is lost in wastewater together with accessory chemicals. This causes a detrimental impact in the ecosystems, since most azo dyes are toxic to humans and to other animals. Therefore, there is a need to remove these dyes before the effluent is discharged into receiving water bodies. The aim of the present paper was to develop an efficient and relatively simple bioprocess based on the immobilisation of a white-rot fungus for decolourising the recalcitrant diazo dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5). For this, we studied the production of the enzyme laccase and the decolouration of the recalcitrant diazo dye RB5 by the white-rot fungus Trametes pubescens immobilised on stainless steel sponges in a fixed-bed reactor (working volume 200 mL). Laccase production was increased by 10-fold in the presence of RB5 and reached a maximum value of 1025 U L-1. Enhanced laccase production in the presence of RB5 in this fungus is an advantage during biodegradation of RB5-containing effluents. The decolouration of RB5 was due to two processes: dye adsorption onto the fungal mycelium and dye degradation by the laccase enzymes produced by the fungus. The decolouration was performed during four successive batches obtaining high decolouration percentages (74%, 43% and 52% in 24 h for the first, third and fourth batch, respectively and 45% in 96 h for the second batch) without addition of redox mediators. Y 135 Z

10072-P Experimetal investigation of Air- lift Side Stream Membrane Bioreactor performance for high salinity Oily Water Treatment D. Mowla*, N. Samavati Department of Chemical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract In some oil fields, oil production is accompanied by production of large amount of water, called produced or formation water. Produced water is one of the major sources of environmental pollution in oil industries. This water contains different substances such as oil, salts, organic acids, heavy metals and radionuclides. In this study an Air-lift Side-stream Membrane Bioreactor (ASMBR) has been studied experimentally for the treatment of produced water. The membrane module is a ceramic microfiltration tubular module with average 0.1 m pore size diameter. In this new type of MBR air is dispersed into the shell side in order to decrease fouling on membrane surface. In this way both advantages of submerged MBR systems, namely low energy requirement and side stream systems, namely high flux and easy cleaning are resulted. Different cases with various initial TDS and COD were studied in order to evaluate the performance of ASMBR system for oil removal of inlet stream. The amount of oil and salt gradually were increased during the experiments. An optimum Hydraulic Retention Time should be considered for each test. In all of those sets of experiments the initial concentration of total oil and grease (TOG) reduces exponentially with time and after certain time becomes stable. This point could be considered as an optimum HRT and means that this hydraulic retention time is enough to degrade the oils. The performance of the system, membrane permeability and the rate and extent of oil biodegradability have been studied under different operating conditions by analyzing permeate stream for COD, TOC and TPH. The results showed that the MBR system could be very effective in the removing of oil from produced water Keywords: Oily Water, Air Lift Side-Stream MBR, High Salinity

Y 136 Z

10073-P Ultrasonic control of polymeric membrane fouling A. Mirzaie, T. Mohammadi* Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract One of the most important problems encountering membrane applications in industrial separation and purification processes is fouling. It causes membrane flux to decline and as a result, separation capacity of the plant reduces rapidly. Furthermore, the processes must rupture periodically in order to clean or replace the membranes. In recent years, various methods have been used for treatment of the fouled membranes. One of the newest techniques is irradiation of membranes surfaces by ultrasonic waves. In this research, effect of ultrasonic waves on permeation flux of a microfiltration membrane (Cellulose Ester) fouled with fresh cow milk as feed was studied. Also, various parameters such as feed pressure and the distance between the irradiation source and the fouled membrane surface were studied and permeation flux variations were recorded. The best flux enhancements were obtained at lower pressures and at shorter distances. Also, SEM analysis confirmed that ultrasonic irradiation has no destructive effect on the membrane surface. Keywords: Ultrasonic, Fouling, Microfiltration, Membrane.

Y 137 Z

10074-P Performance of anaerobic baffled reactor for low-strength industrial wastewater: COD removal rate estimation with kincannon-stover & Monod models S. M. Abtahi*, A.Torabian, M. M. Amin, A.Vosoogh Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Abstract: In this study, operation of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) in pilot scale, with 100 L volume and six compartments, for treating lowstrength industrial wastewater (671.5±49.9 mg COD/l, 350.1±36.8 mg BOD5/) was investigated. The reactor was started with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 25 h at 35 C and this was gradually reduced to 3.33 h eventually. The best reactor performance was observed at the HRT of 4 h with an organic loading rate (OLR) of 4.45 Kg COD/m3.d, which the maximum of COD removal efficiency was obtained 78.6%. In this condition, majority of COD removal efficiency was occurred in the first compartment up to 51.2%. After that the reactor temperature was reduced to 20 C at HRT of 4 h, the maximum removal efficiency of COD was obtained 59.4%. In this condition, the maximum of COD removal efficiency was observed in the third compartment. Moreover in this study, substrate removal rate was investigated by Kincannon-Stover and Monod Models which coefficients of Kincannon-Stover Model were obtained KB = 2.14 g COD/L.d and Umax = 2 g COD/L.d and coefficients of Monod Model were obtained K = 1.54 d-1, Ks = 0.21 g COD/L, Kd = -0.008 d-1, Y = 0.073 g VSS/g COD and maximum ofSpecific growth rate = 0.112 d1. Keywords: Anaerobic Baffled Reactor, Low-Strength Industrial Wastewater, Substrate Removal Rate, Kincannon-Stover Model, Monod Model

Y 138 Z

10075-O Municipal wastewater treatment in the UK S. Karimian School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract One of the concerns of many countries is the system based on which they treat wastewater. The aim of this paper is to provide the reader with a clear picture of the Municipal Wastewater Treatment System (MWTS) in the United Kingdom (UK). In doing so, with formal introduction of wastewater treatment, comparison of traditional and developed wastewater treatment systems is presented. The major processes involved in a developed wastewater treatment ,including Collection, Monitoring and Treatment of wastewater have been investigated with the help of statistical data on the UK’s water industry. As part of the collection process, the Sewer Systems, Highway Runoff System as well as a variety of other approaches used in both roads and car parks are also studied. In addition, physical processes in wastewater treatment, including Preliminary Treatment and Primary Sedimentation are described. The preliminary treatment consists of Screens, Grit Removal, Separation of Storm Water, as well as Return Sludge Liquors and Flow Measurement. The paper also covers and discusses the factors affecting the primary sedimentation as well as the appropriate design consideration for the required tanks. Keywords: Municipal ,Wastewater Treatment, Inlet Treatment, Sewer, Sedimentation, Screening, Grit Removal, Storm Water, Sludge Liquors, Flow Measurement. Keywords: Municipal, Wastewater Treatment, Sedimentation, Grit Removal ,Sludge Liquors

Y 139 Z

10077-P Optimal operation of groundwater wells in polluted area with nitrate E. Pourfarahabadi, E. Fallah-Mehdipour*, M. Kholghi, O. Bozorg Haddad Department of Irrigation & Reclamation Engineering, Faculty of Soil & Water Engineering, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Tehran, Iran. (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Assessing groundwater pollution is important in providing safe agricultural, industrial and drinking water especially in arid and semi-arid regions like Iran. Nitrate is one of the most important pollutants in groundwater and has different sources such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides or domestic and industrial wastewater. Cost of water filtration is one of the issues in using polluted groundwater. Thus, applying some calculating techniques to handle polluted water without any filtration can be useful. In this paper, optimal operation of groundwater wells in aquifers with nitrate pollution has been investigated using a simulationoptimization technique. Artificial neural network (ANN) has been used as the simulation model and genetic algorithm (GA) has been applied as the optimization model. To apply proposed technique, north part of Karaj region with high rate ofnitrate in groundwater has been selected as the case study. To adapt monitoring network, the area is divided in to 13 sections and a seasonal ANN model was developed with different input layers which were selected using sensitivity analysis. The results showed that is capable in controlling nitrate concentration by increasing or decreasing of well discharges in different zones with respect to supplying demands. Keywords: Pollution, Groundwater, Nitrate, Genetic Algorithm, Artificial Neural Network

Y 140 Z

10078-P Radium removal from uranium mines effluent using Barium chloride in a coprecipitation process S. Latimi, *A. Keshtkar, A. S. Shirani, M. R. Asadi Nuclear Science Research and Technologies Institute, Atomic Energy Organization, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Uranium mill tailings contain small amounts of radionuclides that may result in low level radiation exposures to the human, environment and other beings over many years. The possibility of removing a substantial portion of the most toxic radionuclide (226Ra) from discharge effluent of wastewater-treatment plant at the Bandar Abbas area was investigated by co-precipitation technique. The relative importance of test parameters like solution pH, stirring time, impurity elements and concentration of barium chloride on removal performance were studied. Results showed that by adding 26 mg/l the barium chloride, adjusting pH at 11 and 30 min. stirring time, remained radium in discharge effluent was about 0.35 Bq/l. It is concluded that treatment operation under optimum conditions is sufficient to remove about 91% of the radium from the effluent. Keywords: Radium Removal, Discharge Standard

Co-Precipitation,

Y 141 Z

Barium Chloride,

10079-O Using system dynamics to simulation of quantity and quality of drain water in unsteady state condition H. Nozari1, A. Liaghat1, M. Kholghi1, 1

Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] and [email protected]) Abstract The quantity and quality of drain water in saline soil is changing from operation of irrigation and drainage network to a balance status. It will take a very long time, maybe several years, to reach a balance status. Therefore it is very important to have this kind of knowledge to management and control of drain water, during these times. In this paper, the system dynamics technique was used to simulate the performance of a drainage system in unsteady state condition. In fact the system dynamics technique is one of the object oriented approaches that studies and manages complex feedback systems. The model is capable to predict many hydrological parameters such as water table fluctuation, drainage discharge, drain water salinity and ground water salinity. All above parameters were investigated theoretically and their trends were found to be legible. The model was validated using data collected at a tile drained experimental site irrigated with shallow ground water located at khouzestan, Iran. The results indicated the good agreement between the observed and simulated parameters. Keywords: System Dynamics, Unsteady State, Drainage System, Hydrological Parameters, Quantity and Quality of Drain Water

Y 142 Z

10080-O Upgrading and retrofitting of south wastewater treatment plants, Isfahan, Iran, by means of membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology G. Badalians Gholikandi1, M. Khosravi2,* 1

Power & Water University of Technology (PWUT) and Water Research Institute(WRI), P.O.Box 16765-1719, Tehran, Iran. (E-mail : [email protected]) 2 Civil Engineering (Water & Wastewater) of Power and Water University of Technology (PWUT) and Water Research Institute (WRI), P.O.Box 16765-1719, Tehran, Iran. (*E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract In the future, NO in this time, upgrading of existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) will become the more challenging task than erection of wholly new plants, as most of the plants (e.g. necessary in Iran) do exist already. Since some time, MBR technology has been taken into consideration and has been realized as an alternative for WWTP upgrading. This paper gives an overview about some relevant preconditions, basic upgrading concepts south wastewater treatment plants, Isfahan (SWWTPI), with using MBR technology. With using a pilot-scale plant (volume of the bioreactor: 3m3) and raw domestic wastewater. Operation was continued for 120 days. The obtained results were summarized in the following three points. (1) Membrane was able to be continued for the first 90 days without membrane washing and was still stable after the washing. (2) Average removal ratios of BOD, COD, SS, turbidity and total phosphorous were 99, 98.3, 100, 98.4 and 84% respectively. (3) Experiments on simulated inflow fluctuation showed that the system could cope with a short-term fluctuation of inflow without deteriorating membrane performances significantly Keywords: Membrane Bioreactor, Upgrading, Municipal Wastewater Treatment, Activated Sludge.

Y 143 Z

10081-P Evaluation of effluent reuse with MASB (Membrane Activated Sludge Bioreactor) for sake induced groundwater recharge M. Khosravi*, G. Badalians Golikandi Water Research Institue (Wastewater Research Centre), Tehran, Iran. Abstract: In this paper, with attention in restriction water resource to country and procedure of growth water demand on year recent author new theory creation in side effluent reuse. Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) in which membrane separation process is combined with biological processes is an efficient alternative for wastewater treatment and reuse. The MBR presents many advantages over conventional processes due to its’ high organic loading rate, improved effluent quality, small footprint and low surplus sludge production. However, the major process problem with MBRs remains the membrane fouling due to the physicochemical interactions between the membrane material and the components in the mixed liquor. However, in this paper evaluation of effluent reuse with MASB (membrane activated sludge bioreactor) for sake induced groundwater recharge is purpose for increase quality. Keywords: Induced Recharge, Membrane Groundwater, Wastewater Treatment Plant

Y 144 Z

Bioreactor, Reuse,

10082-P Determination of chemical oxygen demand in high-salinity produced water M.E. Ersahin, H. Ozgun, N. Kayaalp*, B. Atay, T. Kiratli, S. Erdem, I. Koyuncu and C. Kinaci Istanbul Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, 34469 Maslak Istanbul Turkey, (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract The chloride found at water and wasters causes substantial erroneous results when determining chemical oxygen demand (COD) by methods based on oxidant consumption. Chloride and other halogen ions consume the oxidant and causes positive error on the results. The degree of the error depends on the amount of organic matter and chloride present at the sample. Since mercury ions form complexes with chloride ions the effect of chloride is masked at the oxidation reaction of the organic matter. In this study it is shown that only mercury sulphate use can not prevent the erroneuos results due to oxidation of chloride ions. In addition to mercury sulphate it is necessary to use more weak digestion solution to be able to obtain correct COD values in water/wastewater samples containing high salinity and low organic matter. Keywords: Chemical Oxygen Demand, Produced Water

Y 145 Z

10085-O Investigation the hazardous effects of compost on Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in paddy soil during perennial application S. M. Mousavi*, M. A. Bahmanyar, H. Pirdashti Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran*(E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract In order to investigating the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in rice cultivation because of long term application of compost, an experiment was conducted at rice-land as split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 20062008. Main plots were compost with three treatments (0, 20 and 40 ton.ha1 ) and sub plots were years of compost application in three levels (1, 2 and 3 years application). compost were applied before planting stage and soil samples were taken after harvesting of rice plants from 0-30 cm. The amount of total and available Cd and Pb were determined. The results indicated that using of compost and years of application and their interaction had significant effect on total and available Pb and Cd. According to results, the maximum amount of total Cd (2.29 mg.kg-1) and available Pb (4.891 mg.kg-1) where accumulated in three years application of 20 and 40 ton.ha-1 compost respectively. And maximum amount of total Pb, and available Cd, (41.73 and 0.106 mg.kg-1, respectively) were recorded when 40 ton compost.ha-1 applied. Meanwhile, with increasing the years of MSW application the content of Cd and Pb (total and available) in soil regularly and significantly increased. Keywords: Cadmium; Lead, MSW, Rice, Soil

Y 146 Z

10087-P Biological decolorization of dye solution containing malachite green by macroalgae Cladophora sp. A. R. Khataee*1, R. Dehghan2, M. Pourhasan2, E. Ebadi 1, 2 1

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran *(E-mail: [email protected] /[email protected]) 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]) Abstract In recent years, the ability of macroalgae on decolorizing of textile wastewater has received great attention due to the environmental persistence and toxicity of these pollutants. In this paper biological decolorization of triphenylmethane dye, Malachite Green, by Cladophora species was investigated. The algal species was acquired from natural lake and used immediately. According to its morphology and microscopic observations, it is identified as Cladophora species belonging to green algae. The effect of operational parameters such as temperature, pH, initial dye concentration and algal weight on decolorization efficiency was examined. Results indicated that uptaken dye amount increased with increasing initial dye concentration in the range of 2.5-15 ppm. Decolorization efficiency was also increased with an increase the amount of alga, reached the optimal value of algae amount (4g fresh weight) and then became constant. The stability and efficiency of the algae in longterm repetitive operations were also examined. Accordingly, it could be stated that the complete removal of color, after selecting optimal operational parameters could be achieved in a relatively short time, about 7 h. Keywords: Biodegradation, Malachite Green, Cladophora, Wastewater Treatment, Textile Dye.

Y 147 Z

10089-O Validation and qualification of high purity (HP) water systems in biopharmaceutical facilities A.R .Jafari Arimi Critical System Production Department, Research and Production Complex Pasteur Institute, Tehran-Iran. P.O.Box. 31599. (Email: [email protected], [email protected]) Abstract Validation is defined as assuring that the particular system will consistently produce water of predictable quality when operated in the prescribed manner. The regular performance of qualification and validation is of prime importance to ensure a good and continuous water quality for the manufacture of biopharmaceutical products. Validation and qualification concepts was applied to new high purity (HP) water system mainly purified water (PW)and water for injection(WFI) in recombinants biopharmaceutical plant . All qualification and validation activities were done in order to produce HP water in constant manner with the desire quality .extensive monitoring and testing also performed to demonstrate the system capability to produce water through the acceptance criteria. The result showed that system is capable to produce consistently HP water for production plant according to quality attributes and regulatory expectation. Keywords: High Purity Water, Qualification, Validation, WFI, PW, Biopharmaceutical.

Y 148 Z

10090-P Special considerations for selecting, design, installation and operation of high purity water treatment systems for pharmaceutical facilities A. Jafari Arimi* Department of Production Critical Systems and Water Treatment, Research and Production Complex, Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Water is the source of life on the planet .for pharmaceutical industries, the importance water is unmatched, as it is used in huge quantities in everyday operation both in manufacturing and cleaning .water purification systems in pharmaceutical industries have unique requirement a standard production line can not be used for all application s nor can a standard system design.Water systems are critical part of modern pharmaceutical facilities. In addition to use of utility common to most industries water for cleaning of equipments and preparation of drug solution. Each water purification system is a unique for a given manufacturing facility and the process itself is a complex operation consisting of series of elaborate multi step purification processes. The selection and design of water system depends on the quality of water desired and is influenced by the physicochemical and microbial characteristics of the source water. In the recent years the purification of water systems design have incorporated various combination of process including depth filtration, carbon filtration, water softening, reverse osmosis ,ultra filtration, separated deionization , mixed bed deionization, electro deionization, distillation, submicron filtration and ultraviolet sterilization .system selecting and design based upon source quality, chemical handling every consumption ,water consumption, reliability ,validatability ,maintance requirements and other factors. Several systems can be combined to produce fewer system, thereby the reducing overall system complexity and reducing total amount of sampling and monitoring requirements. There are four levels of water system classification according desired quality. This article will review six different system designs and main critical aspects in selection, design and operation of these four levels water systems which is used in parharmaceutical facilities in accordance with quality specifications. Y 149 Z

10092-O Hexavalent chromium removal from water of the wells of Sarbishe plain in southern Khorasan 1

A. Torabian ,1A. A. Ghadimkhani, 1A. Mohammadpour, 2A. R. Mehrabadi,

1

Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Power & Water University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Abstract Southern Khorasan is located in east of Iran. This province is located in dry & hot zone. Ground water accounted as a main resource of water in these region, because there isn’t any surface stream such as river, stream and etc. Chromium is one the heavy metal which has been existed in layer of ground from along time ago. Hexavalent chromium (cr+6) concentration in ground water is about 0.07 mg/l that is higher than maximum contamination level. The maximum contamination level of Cr+6 is 0.05 mg/l according WHO guideline. Many researches were investigated to remove of this element from water to reach a standard level, yet. Removal of chromate CrO42- from water was investigated using nanofiltration as a possible method.In this paper, removal of hexavalent chromium, as a most dangerous state of this metal, from water by nanofiltration was investigated. To reach this aim, many tests were performed in pilot scale and aqueous solution contain Cr (VI) was passed through 90_2540 NF. The effect of parameters such an applied pressure, initial concentration, pH, temperature and ionic effects investigated on hexavalent chromium by nanofiltration. First, the optimum applied pressure of 8 bars induced in 96.41%, efficiency. Then, efficiency removal reduced from 96.12 to 92.88% by increment of initial Cr concentration from 0.080784 to 0.63847. By last optimum applied pressure and initial chromium concentration, the pH of feed increased from 3.5 to 10.5 and the optimum removal efficiency reached in pH=10.5. In the other hand, changing temperature did not lead in any logical relation between removal efficiency and temperature.Finally; the results demonstrated that NF membrane can remove hexavalent chromium with 85% average efficiency. Also, pH role was more considerable parameter than other parameters. Keywords: Water Treatment, Hexavalent Nanofiltration, Southern Khorasan. Y 150 Z

Chromium

Cr

(VI),

10094-O Development of a method for the fast determination of drugs in wastewater using SPME F. Albahadily, I. Denman, J. Bowen Department of Chemistry, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, Canada (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] [email protected] ) Abstract The presence of drugs, especially antibiotics, that are not trapped in treated wastewater is a cause for concern as their presence can lead to antibiotic resistance in bacteria in the environment.1 other drugs, including drugs of abuse, are also of interest to other agencies. Analytical methods based on multiple liquid extractions are common, but can be avoided by the use of Solid Phase MicroExtraction (SPME) which has been used to quickly and reliably detect wastewater contaminants. 2 At the University of Central Oklahoma, we are developing a calibration method for the rapid direct GC/MS analysis of drugs in wastewater using SPME. We will present the calibration method and preliminary results for wastewater samples for amphetamine, methamphetamine, psudoephedrine ,and caffeine. Keywords: Wastewater, Drug ,Microextraction, Solid Phase

Y 151 Z

10095-P Removal of fluoride from treated industrial wastewater using electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes V. K. Kamal*, A. Torabian, F. Janpour, G. Hoshyaripour Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box: 14155-6135 (Email:* [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract Electrocoagulation (EC) process using aluminum electrodes is proposed to remove fluoride from treated industrial wastewater originated from steel industry. Its efficacy is investigated under different conditions. Effects of temperature, pH, voltage, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and number of aluminum plates between anode and cathode plates on removal efficiency are investigated. Experimental results showed that by increasing HRT, removal efficiency increases but after 5 min changes are negligible. Therefore, the total HRT required is only 5 min. The more HRT, the more electrical current is needed in order to achieving constant voltage and temperature in system. In addition, it is found that pH value decreases within first 10 min from 6.91 to 4.6 but it increases up to 9.5 within 50 min. After treatment, the fluoride concentration was reduced from initial 4.0–6.0 mg/L to lower than 0.5 mg/L. The influent pH value is found to be a very important variable that affected fluoride removal significantly. The optimal influent pH range is 6.0–7.0 at which not only can effective defluoridation be achieved, but also no pH readjustment is needed after treatment. Moreover, increasing number of aluminum plates between anode and cathode plates in bipolar system does not significantly affect fluoride removal. Keywords: Electrocoagulation, Fluoride Removal, Treated Industrial Wastewater, Hydraulic Retention Time

Y 152 Z

10096-P Removal of phosphorous from laundry wastewater using electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes as a local treatment system V. K. Kamal, F. Janpour, A. Torabian, G. Hoshyaripour Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box: 14155-6135 (Email:* [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract This study aims to investigate potential of using Electrocoagulation (EC) process with aluminum electrodes, as a local treatment system, in removal of phosphorous from laundry wastewater. Effects of voltage, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and number of aluminum plates between anode and cathode plates on removal efficiency are investigated. Experimental results showed that by increasing HRT removal efficiency increases but after 45 min, changes are negligible. Therefore, the total HRT required is only 45 min. The more HRT, the more electrical current is needed in order to achieving constant voltage and temperature in system. In addition, it is found that pH value increases from 9.7 to 11.6. After treatment, the phosphorous concentration was reduced from 83.33%. Results of this study demonstrate that increase in pH with time is considerable. Furthermore, increasing number of aluminum plates between anode and cathode plates in bipolar system significantly affects phosphorous removal and increases removal efficiency from 82% to 97%. Keywords: Electrocoagulation, Wastewater, Local Treatment

Phosphorous

Y 153 Z

Removal,

Laundry

10097-P Membrane nanofiltration process for retrofitting of industrial wastewater treatment plant. Case study: (Mazandaran Pulp-Paper Industry, Iran) M. Khosravi*1 G. Badalians 1 A. Soltanzadeh Bali1 1

Power and Water University of Technology (PWUT) Water Research Institute (WRI), P.O.Box 16765-1719, Tehran, Iran (*E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected])

Abstract The aim of this study is evaluation the use of membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment mazandaran pulp and paper Industry. At first of work qualification of wastewater is case study and Characteristics of this industry wastewater were determined by different experiments such as: COD, BOD, and Color. Also, the color creating agents in the investigated wastewater was characterized. Then In this study, flux, retention, and permeate quality of various nanofiltration were investigated. The overall aim was to study the suitability of nanofiltration in purification of the discharge water from external activated sludge processes in the pulp and paper industry for reuse in the paper manufacturing process and to compare the results to nanofiltration of paper machine process waters. The discharge waters were nanofiltered at a higher flux than paper machine process waters. The permeate was almost free of color and organic compounds but contained significantly more inorganic compounds than the permeate from the filtration of process waters. With that membrane the permeate flux is lower than for nanofiltration membranes but the permeate quality is significantly better when considering inorganic ions such as sodium, chloride, nitrate and inorganic carbon (bicarbonate). The result of this study: decrease pollutants parameter in Tajan Rivers that is effluent. Keywords: Wastewater, Pulp-Paper Industry, Color Reduction, MBR.

Y 154 Z

10098-P Decolorization of C.I. basic red 46 from contaminated water by S 2O82− / thermal process. M. H. Rasoulifard 1,*, N. Saadatjoo2, I. Bagheri1. 1

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan, Iran. (Email: [email protected]) 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. (Email: [email protected]; [email protected] ) Abstract Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are alternative techniques of destruction of dyes and many other organics in wastewater and effluents. AOPs are based on the generation of very reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals that quickly and nonselective, oxidizes a broad range of organic pollutants. Homogenous advanced oxidation process employing hydrogen peroxide and other oxidant with UV light has been found to be very effective in the degradation of dyes. This process involves the production of hydroxyl radicals (OH) that are extremely reactive and strong oxidizing agent (E0 =2.8 V) capable of mineralizing organic contaminants, In this process handling of the hydrogen peroxide is difficult and dangerous, in the other hand it is expensive( The best marketing of hydrogen peroxide have 30 percentage purity). Peroxydisulfate ( S 2O82 − ) is a strong oxidant (E0 = 2.05V) which has been used widely in the petroleum industry. The peroxydisulfate is normally available as a salt associated with ammonium, sodium, or potassium. However, since the reactions of peroxydisulfate are generally slow at normal temperature, the thermal activated decomposition of ion to radical has been proposed as a method of accelerating the process. In This study the decolorization of C.I. Basic Red 46(BR46) was investigated using thermal process in the presence of peroxydisulfate ( S 2O82 − ) in a bath reactor at different condition. Removal efficiency of BR46 was sensitive to the operational parameters such as initial concentrations of, BR46 and temperature. Also the effect of Ag+ as a catalyst studied on the decolorization process. Keywords: Decolorization, Contaminated Water, Peroxydisulphate, Mono Azo Dyes, Catalysis Y 155 Z

10099-O Adsorption of methylene blue by fly ash, clay and walnut shell as adsorbents from aqueous solution A.A. Nazari Moghaddam1, G.D. Najafpour2*, M. Mohammadi 2, A. Ramezani1 1

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Islamic Azad University of Shahrood, Shahrood, Iran (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ) 2 School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected])

Abstract Methylene Blue (MB) adsorption from aqueous solution was investigated using three different absorbents. Granular solid adsorbents were prepared from waste wood fly ash and clay. Experiments were conducted in a packed column to remove MB from the synthetic wastewater. The fabricated adsorbents and also raw walnut shell were implemented to compare the performance of the packed adsorbents. The generated wastewater contained 4 mg/l of MB. The wastewater with flow rate of 18 ml/min was continuously pumped through the column using peristaltic pump for the removal of dyes from aqueous phase. The effluent samples were collected with respect to time at a time interval of 2 min. It was observed that the maximum and minimum removal efficiency of 90 and 53% was devoted to walnut shell and clay, respectively. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models of adsorption were investigated to interpret the experimental data. The obtained results revealed that the sorption data were well described by the Freundlich model. Adsorption model represented by Langmuir model also depicts similar results. The maximum adsorption capacity of clay, fly ash and walnut shell was 7.143, 7.874 and 5.780 mg/g, respectively. Keywords: Methylene Blue, Adsorption Model, Clay, Fly Ash, Walnut Shell

Y 156 Z

10100-P Zeolite as a low-cost adsorbent for heavy metals uptake from contaminated water R. Salmasi1*, F. Salmasi Research Center of Tabriz Abstract Instead of using commercial activated carbon that is expensive, researchers have worked on low-cost materials, such as zeolite, chitosan, and other adsorbents, which have high adsorption capacity and are locally available. In this article, technical feasibility of zeolite mineral, that has a mine in East Azarbayjan, Iran, for heavy metal removal from contaminated water has been studied. The results of its removal performance are compared to that of activated carbon and are presented in this study. It is evident from literature review that zeolite has high adsorption capacity for certain metal ions as compared to activated carbon. Zeolite can remove 175 and 137 mg/g of Pb+2 and Cd+2, respectively from contaminated water. This adsorbent is suitable for inorganic effluent treatment containing Cd and Pb. It is important to note that the adsorption capacity of zeolite vary, depending on the characteristics of the individual adsorbent, extend of chemical modification, and the concentration of adsorbent. Keywords: Contaminated Water, Zeolite, Activated Carbon, Heavy Metal Removal

Y 157 Z

10101-P Natural attenuation processes for remadiation of arsenic contaminated groundwater in a village of hashtrood city, Iran R. Salmasi*, F. Salmasi. Research Center of Tabriz, Iran Abstract Arsenic contamination of groundwater in one of the villages in Hashtrood city in Iran causes skin lesions for its people. Natural attenuation (NA) of As-contaminated groundwater may be a cost effective in situ remedial option. It relies on the site intrinsic assimilative capacity and allows in-place clean-up. In this paper, natural attenuation feasibility of As contaminated groundwater in this village, with regard to its conditions such as plant cover, minerals type, and hydrological characteristics has been studied. Sorption to solid phases is the principal mechanism removing As from ground water. Hydroxides of Iron, aluminum and manganese, clay and sulfide minerals, and natural organic matter has been shown to be significant As adsorbents. The extent of sorption is influenced by As speciation and the site geochemical conditions such as pH, redox potential, and the co-occurring ions. Microbial activity may catalyze the transformation of As species, or mediate redox reactions thus influencing As mobility. Plants those are capable of hyperaccumulating As may translocate As from contaminated groundwater to their tissues, providing the basis for phytoremediaion. However, NA is subject to hydrological changes and may take substantial periods of time, thus requiring long-term monitoring. Sufficient site characterization is important to the success of NA. Further research is required to present mathematical model to predict the fate and transport of as and to evaluate the site NA capacity. Engineering enhanced NA using different environmentally products may be an effective alternative. Keywords: Arsenic, Natural Attenuation, Hyperaccumulation

Y 158 Z

10103-P Prediction of wastewater treatment plant performance using an artificial neural network model M. Taheriyoun Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Abstract Prediction of the performance of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with respect to inflow quality and quantity data and operation parameters is an efficient tool in operation of wastewater treatment plant and satisfying the discharge quality standards. In this regard, using improved simulation tools such as artificial neural network (ANN) can be advantageous. In this study, an ANN model is developed to predict effluent water quality of an activated sludge WWTP treating wastewater from Sharekord city in Iran. The models is trained and tested using a three year data set of operation parameters including temperature, MLSS and DO in aeration tank and inflow characteristics such as BOD, COD and flow rate. Alternatively, the same system was simulated with a linear multiple regression model in order to evaluate the performances of the proposed neural network model The results showed that the neural network based model has a better performance in comparison with the regression model. The developed ANN model is a valuable tool in WWTP operation and management which can minimize the operation cost and assess the performance of the plant in different conditions. Keywords: Neural Network, Wastewater Treatment, Multiple Regression, Treatment Performance

Y 159 Z

10104-O Heavy metal pollution of Tambaraparni River Estuary, TamilNadu, East coast of India J. Nadimikeri Yogi Vemana University , Kadapa, India (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Estuarine sediments can be a sensitive indicator of both spatial and temporal trends for the monitoring of contaminants in estuarine environments. Sediment contamination poses one of the worst environmental problems to marine ecosystems. Sediments may act as sinks but also as sources of contaminants in aquatic systems .In concentrated amounts, heavy metals are lethal to organisms including humans. Grain size plays a significant role in determining elemental concentrations in sediments recommended that the sediment particle size fraction۶٣ > µm be analyzed for for heavy metals as this fraction is the most likely to be carried in suspension, the most important system for transport of sediments. In the present study, estuarine sediments in the fraction ۶٣ > µm were collected from 15 stations within Tambaraparni River Estuary, located on the east coast of India. The distribution of the heavy metals Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn was recorded. The river and its tributaries possess localized sedimentary traps, where elevated heavy metal concentrations were observed. Results were compared with the marine Sediment Quality Standards) SQS) as well as values reported in the literature to assess the pollution status of the sediments. Our analysis distinguished two groups of elements .First, Cd, Pb and Zn which occurred in higher than expected concentrations indicative of pollution, and secondly Co, Cr, Cu and Ni which occurred at background levels. The study area recorded high concentrations (1200 µg/g) for Zn, while the lowest concentrations (0.42 µg/g) for Cd. Results indicate that river runoff, industrial waters; untreated domestic waters are major contributors to the heavy metal pollution of Tambaraparni River Estuary. Keywords: Heavy Metal Pollutants ,Sediments, Elemental Concentrations, Esturay, East Coast of India

Y 160 Z

10105-O Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using immobilized TiO2 in a specialized column reactor S. Souzanchi 1,*, F. Vahabzadeh 1, Sh. Fazel 1 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: * [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract Photocatalysis advanced oxidation process (AOP) was used to study degradation of phenol with use of titanium dioxide nano-particles (as a photocatalyst) coated on stainless steel sieve plates. Titanium dioxide (TiO2 Degussa P-25) was immobilized by a very simple and inexpensive method. Characteristics of prepared catalyst (TiO2 immobilized on sieve plate) including anatase-rutile phase ratio and crystal size of TiO2, morphology of catalyst surface and specific surface area, was inspected by XRD, SEM and BET analyses respectively. The XRD results did not reveal any significant change in the structure of TiO2 crystals as a consequence of the applied catalyst immobilization method and wastewater treatment processes. Well and uniform coating of TiO2 nanoparticles on support was confirmed by SEM images. Also BET test, SEM images and weighting showed negligible wash out of TiO2 after all of treatment experiments (about 200 hours). Photocatalytic treatment experiments of synthetic wastewater containing phenol, was performed in an “Annular Sieve-Plate Column Photoreactor”, where the rings of prepared catalyst was installed in the annulus through (which the synthetic wastewater flowed), and exposed to UV irradiation by a 15 Watt UVLamp situated properly inside the inner quartz tube. Phenol concentration and COD was measured every 1 hour during all of the treatment experiments to monitor the degradation rate of initial pollutant and overall pollution load (considering intermediate products) respectively. Efficiency of defined photoreactor using batch recirculation flow (7 hours) was determined in terms of phenol removal and decreasing COD level (%). The initial concentration of phenol was set at two levels, 0.5 and 1.0 (mM) and results were as follows: The Efficiency for phenol removal was 99.71% and 80.66% while the efficiency for decreasing COD level was 90.68% and 45.24% respectively. Keywords: Annular Sieve-Plate Column Photoreactor; Immobilized TiO2; Phenol, Photocatalytic Degradation; Stainless Steel Y 161 Z

10106-P Modeling of nitrogen removal from ground water by MBBR A. Hemmati1,*, M. Borghei1 1

School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ) Abstract The rise in Nitrate concentration in ground waters of many parts of the world including Tehran's aquifer is becoming very alarming. The source of Nitrate, apart from natural chemistry of soil is mainly contributed to leakage of sewage, industrial effluents and nitrogen based fertilizers. Due to this situation, denitrification of ground water is now gaining ground as public demand for high quality potable water is becoming an important issue. Nitrification and denitrification in Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBR) have emerged as a new technology for biological removal of harmful nitrogen compounds as nitrates and nitrites. The main advantage of MBBR reactors is due to their capacity for high removal rates and low operational problems such as clogging and settling. In this study biological denitrification method by moving bed biofilm reactor is investigated. Two packed type reactors in series with 3 liter volume each were designed in experimental set up and used in this research. Nitrification reactor worked under aerobic conditions and denitrification reactor was operated under anaerobic conditions. Methanol was used as carbon source in the reactors throughout the study. Liquid residence time was 8 hr in these reactors and 50% of reactor volume was occupied with KMT packing. The concentration of ammonium in these experiments were between 50-400 mg NH4-N/L at feed and the removal efficiencies of NO3-N was about 70% at steady state conditions. Having studied the rate of conversions under different conditions, behavior of nitrate and conversion of the ammonium to nitrate (nitrification) and nitrate to N2 was modeled in these reactors. It was concluded that, first the ammonium present in feed diffuses to the biofilm layer on the packings and by diffusing into autotrophic microorganisms layers consisting of nitrosomonas and nitrobacter, ammonia is used to produce nitrate. At second stage heterotrophic denitrifier bacteria convert nitrate to nitrogen. The behavior of ammonium take-up and nitrogen production was explained by a mathematical model. The model defined under the findings of this research can be used as a powerful tool for designing MBBR reactors for nitrogen removal from ground waters. Keywords: Nitrificaion, Denitrification, MBBR, Modeling Y 162 Z

10107-P Application of Iron nanoparticles for removal of hexavalent chromium from ground waters A. Torabian1*, Gh. R. Nabi bidhendi1, A. Safari1, A. A. Ghadimkhani1 1

Department of Civil- Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environmental, Tehran University, P.O.Box:14155-6135, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract Brijand is a city in east of Iran. Underground water is the only drinking water source, because this city is in a dry region. Ground water hexavalent chromium ion (cr+6) concentration in Brigand is about 0.07 mg/l that is higher than maximum contamination level (MCL). The maximum contamination level of Cr+6 is 0.05 mg/l according to WHO guideline. Groundwater remediation by nanoparticles has received increasing interest in recent years. This study, presents a thorough evaluation of hexavalent chromium removal in aqueous solutions using iron (Fe0) nanoparticles. Factors affecting adsorption including solution pH, ultrasonic irradiation time, initial Cr (VI) concentration and iron nanoparticles concentration were further investigated. The removal efficiency of Cr (VI) increased with increasing iron nanoparticles concentration but inversely with initial pH. Iron nanoparticles are good choice for the remediation of heavy metals in groundwater. Keywords: Water Treatment, Groundwater Nanoparticle, Hexavalent Chromium, Adsorption

Y 163 Z

Remediation,

Iron

10108-P Polymer Injection for water production control through permeability alteration in fractured reservoirs A. Mirzaei Paiaman1, E. Bedaiwi2, B.D. Al-Anazi3, A. Salehi4, M. Masihi5 1

Faculty of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Completion and Stimulation Field Engineer, BJ Services Arabia Ltd. 3 King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology, Riyaz, Saudi Arabia 4 Petroleum University of Technology 5 Faculty of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Abstract Water production is one of the major technical, environmental, and economical problems associated with oil/gas production. Problems associated with water production can be seen from two view points. First from oil recovery and extraction view point and second from environment view point. From the first view point, water production can limit the productive life of the wells and can cause several problems including corrosion of tubular, fines migration, and hydrostatic loading. Also from the second view point produced water represents a source containing several hazard elements threatening the live organism’s life. Instead of treating produced water at the surface, another approach can be used. Water production from the reservoir can be avoided by adopting several techniques. Some are new drilling practices such as drilling horizontal, deviated or infill wells. Different well completion designs also offers a mean to manage water production through selectively perforate dry zones, placing a liner or installing multiphase down hole flow separation equipment. Moreover, chemical treatment arises as one of the promising water-shut-off techniques through polymer flooding. The proposed chemical technique examines two types of treatment, polymer/gel flooding, and cement squeeze. Water treatment process was carried out through permeability alteration principle. The permeability modification technique was tested using cores that simulate Berea sandstone reservoir that is characterized by presences of channels.The results show the significant reduction in permeability using polymer/gel and cement tratments. The study also shows the applicability of the technique in heterogeneous reservoirs dominated by channels and fractures. Keywords: Fractured Reservoir, Polymer Injection, Water Production Y 164 Z

10109-P Multifunctional TiO2 -appatite nanocomposites and its application for photo catalytic discoloration of Rhodamine-B P. Nourpour, M. Hamdi, K. Shabani, S. Shakesi, A.H. Javadi Engineering Research Institute of Jahad-Agriculture Ministry, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Thought this study a multifunctional composite material with a titanium dioxide surface covered by apatite for application in air and Water purification has developed. This composite has a function to absorb and decompose bacteria and various other hazardous materials. TiO2 (P25) powder was soaked in a pseudo- body solution for 2 days at 37oC. This composite material has the following characteristics: (1) the apatite adsorbs materials even without exposure to light; (2) materials adsorbed by the apatite are decomposed by the titanium dioxide photocatalyst on exposure to light; (3) the apatite is used as a spacer, allowing blending of the material with resins, organic coatings, and other organic materials; (4) though the photocatalyst requires a fixed interval to decompose organic materials, capture of materials by the apatite ensures decomposition. The absorbent and photo catalytic properties of the TiO2 and apatite formation on nano crystalline TiO2 were characterized by study the absorption and decolonization of Rhodamine-B. Rhodamine-B, one of the most important dyes of the xanthenes group, has been used to characterize the photo catalytic activity of the specimen. Keywords: Titanium dioxide, Apatite, Photocatalyst, Rhodamine-B

Y 165 Z

10111-O Decolorization of molasses using fly ash as adsorbent A. Ramezani1, G.D. Najafpour2*, M. Mohammadi 2, A.A. Nazari Moghaddam1 1

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Islamic Azad University of Shahrood, Shahrood, Iran (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]) 2 School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected])

Abstract Decolorization of molasses was investigated using various adsorbents. Fine sand, clay and fly ash were applied to remove color from molasses. Solid adsorbents were fabricated from charcoal fly ash, clay and fine sand with the proportion of 50, 25 and 25 percent, respectively. Batch experiments were conducted with defined amounts of the calcined adsorbents to remove pigments from molasses. The adsorbents were induced in 10 g/L solutions of molasses. Equilibrium concentration of absorbate was achieved within 300 min. Samples were taken from the solution at a time interval of 30 min. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models of adsorption were investigated to interpret the experimental data. The obtained data were well represented by Freundlich adsorption model. Adsorption model represented by Langmuir isotherm also depicts similar results. The fabricated adsorbent successfully removed more than 53% of color after 300 min. The obtained results revealed that the fabricated granule was a potential adsorbent which was able to remove all the pigments from molasses with sufficient contact time. Keywords: Molasses, Decolorization, Adsorption Isotherm, Clay, Fly Ash.

Y 166 Z

10113-O Application of nanofiltration membranes in the separation of Amoxicillin from pharmaceutical wastewater A. Shahtalebi, M. H. Sarrafzadeh*, S. H. Hashemi, M. M. MontazerRahmati School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O.Box 11155-4563 Tehran, Iran * (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Separation of amoxicillin from pharmaceutical wastewater by nanofiltration membranes was studied. For this purpose a membrane system including a polyamide nanofiltration (NF) membrane was evaluated for the treatment of amoxicillin wastewater. The effect of the operating conditions such as flow rate, pressure and concentration of the feed on the efficiency of the membrane was evaluated. The permeation flux and rejection of amoxicillin were the criteria for this evaluation. The rejection of the amoxicillin by the selected NF membrane is adequate and in most cases exceeds 97% whereas COD reached a maximum of 40% rejection. Permeation flux was over 1.5 lit/min.m2. The rise in pressure enhanced the transport rate of the solvents. Permeate flux of membrane increased with increasing flow rates. Experimental data indicated that concentration polarization existed in this membrane separation process. The results are consistent with the NF mechanism of pressure-driven physical processes and solution–diffusion chemical processes. The stable separation performance for long-time operation showed that this kind of membrane has a good solvent resistance and could have a potential application in concentrating pharmaceutical extracts. Keywords: Amoxicillin, Membrane, Nanofiltration, Rejection, Retentate

Y 167 Z

10116-P Reuse of wastewater of aquaculture to increase production of earth ponds of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) M. Alizadeh* Inland Salt Water Fishes Research Station, PO Box: 89715-1123, Bafgh, Iran (Email: [email protected] ) Abstract: This study was carried out in a brackish water earth farm in Bafgh, to reuse wastewater of earth ponds in order to increase production in rainbow trout earth farms. It was performed in 2 treatments with 2 replications. For this purpose, four 0.5ha earth ponds (two of those with 30 m3 round cement ponds at the end and others without cement ponds) were made. The wastewater of culture earth ponds flew in cement ponds through pumping and gravity. The cement ponds aerated with splash aerator during nights. The average initial weight of fish for stocking in all ponds was 25 g and density of stocking was one and 70 fish per square in earth pond and cement pond, respectively. During about 120 days culture period, water temperature and salinity was 14±4 °c and 12.8±1 g/l, respectively. The results of some chemical factors measuring in cement ponds indicated that none of them was critical during culture period. There were significant differences among treatments on some growth factors (p activated carbon (92.1%)> rice bran 91.5%)> talk powder (89.9%)>saw dust (88.5%). This study also compares the suitability of two predictive models Freundlich isotherm and Langmuir isotherm in analyzing the adsorption of PAHs on five type adsorbents that mentioned above. Keywords: Adsorption, Industrial Wastewater, Adsorbent, Pahs, Model

Y 214 Z

10171-P Simultaneous nitrification-denitrification process using small scale modified anoxic baffled reactor (MABR) M. Eshraghi, B. Ayati1*, H. Ganjidoost Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate nitrogen removal by simultaneous nitrification/denitrification using modified anoxic baffled reactor (ABR). Nitrogen in wastewater can exist in the four forms of organic nitrogen, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate. The total concentration of organic and ammonia nitrogen in municipal wastewaters is usually in the range from 25 to 45 mg/L as nitrogen. The problem with nitrogen in wastewater is primarily related to the oxygen demand that can be exerted if ammonia nitrogen is discharged to the environment. The term of nitrification is used to describe the two step biological process in which ammonia is oxidized to nitrite and then to nitrate. The biological reduction of nitrate to nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and nitrogen gas is called denitrification. These processes can be performed simultaneously as preanoxic denitrification and post-anoxic denitrification. The first process is most common for biological nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater treatment. In this study, in order to achieve simultaneous nitrification/denitrification within a single reactor unit, an eight compartment ABR was modified to accommodate an in-situ aerobic stage in the penultimate compartment, which allowed ammonia oxidation to nitrite and nitrate via nitrification. Denitrification occurred almost exclusively in the front reactor compartments of the Modified anoxic baffled reactor, with 72 to 95 percent NO3-N reduction in compartments 1 and 2, respectively. Nitrification efficiency was improved by increased mixing, increased oxygen levels and the initial addition of micronutrients as copper. Keywords: Nitrification, Denitrification, Modified Anoxic Baffled Reactor (MABR), Ammonia, Compartment

Y 215 Z

10172-P Recent Desalinations of Brine: A Review M.Khajenoori, M. Asghari*, M.R.Mozdianfard Separation Processes Research Group (SPRG), Department of Engineering, University of Kashan, Iran, (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Although around 2/3 of Earth surface is covered with water, its shortage remains a great threat in almost every sector of human society. Incorrect consumption patterns, increasing world population and consequently water consumption and pollution depletes the scarce source of existing drinking water at a dangerous rate especially in developing countries such as Iran. Therefore, there is an ever-increasing demand to use alternative sources of water at rivers and seas. Recently, there has been a considerable progress in this area. In this article, a review is made on a variety of desalination methods available in the industry including: Vapor Compression Distillation (VCD), Solar Evaporation (SE), Freeze Desalination (FD), Multistage Flash Distillation (MSF), Multiple Effect Distillation (MED), Reverse Osmosis (RO), Electro-Dialysis (ED), and application of Carbon Nanotube Membranes (CNM). Considering the climatic properties, cost analysis and efficiency of these methods, ED and RO were found to be most appropriate methods for middle-eastern countries such as Iran. Keywords: Water Desalination, Reverse Osmosis, Electro-Dialysis, Multistage Flash Distillation (MSF), Multiple Effect Distillation (MED).

Y 216 Z

10173-P Biodegradation Kinetics of high initial phenol concentration in an external loop airlift bioreactor by Alcaligenes faecalis ATCC 8750 M. Khakbaz Varkani2 and F. Naeimpoor1,* 1

Iran University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering (Email:[email protected]) 2 Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Company ([email protected])

Abstract The main goal of this research is to study biodegradation of high initial phenol concentration by Alcaligenes faecalis ATCC 8750 in an external loop airlift bioreactor (ELAB) with working volume of 1 liter. The results show that an increase in air flow rate increases the gas hold up of ELAB. The cell growth and substrate degradation kinetics of phenol for A. faecalis in batch cultures were also investigated over a wide range of initial phenol concentrations (400–1400 mg L-1). It was obtained that by increasing initial phenol concentration, the total biodegradation time increased. Increasing the air flow rate from 1 to 3 lit/min causes a decrease and increasing from 3 to 5 lit/min causes an increase in total biodegradation time. The substrate kinetics was described well using the Haldane kinetic model, with model constants of µmax= 0.5, 0.89 and 0.66 hr-1, Ki= 68.5, 44.9 and 52.4 mg/lit for air flow rates of 1, 3 and 5 lit/min, respectively. Keywords: External Loop Airlift Bioreactor, Alcaligenes Faecalis, Biodegradation, Initial Phenol Concentration, Air Flow Rate

Y 217 Z

10174-O Study of phenol biodegradation in an external loop airlift bioreactor using response surface methodology M. Khakbaz Varkani2, F. Naeimpoor1 1

Iran University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering (Emai: [email protected]) 2 Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Company ([email protected])

Abstract Biodegradation of phenol by the bacterial strain Alcaligenes faecalis (ATCC 8750) in mineral salt medium (MSM) was investigated in an external loop airlift bioreactor. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on full factorial design (FFD) was utilized to optimize the initial phenol concentration and air flow rate using Design Expert 6 software. A significant influence of initial phenol concentration on phenol biodegradation time and cell density was noted. The optimum conditions of initial phenol concentration of 1204.40 mg/lit and air flow rate of 3 lit/min was obtained using RSM. Second order polynomial models were developed to quantify the relationships between variables. The applied methodology was validated using further experiments with the specified conditions. In addition, the kinetic behavior of A. faecalis in batch cultures was also investigated over a wide range of initial phenol concentrations (400–1400 mg/lit) by using linearized Haldane model. It was clear that the linearized Haldane kinetic model adequately described the dynamic behavior of the phenol biodegradation by the strain of A. faecalis. Keywords: Phenol Biodegradation, Alcaligenes Faecalis (ATCC 8750), Airlift Bioreactor, Response Surface Methodology, Optimization

Y 218 Z

10177-O Adsorption of petroleum hydrocarbons on organoclay M. Sharafi Masooleh 1, M. Validi 2,*, S. Bazgir 3, H. Gholami Kordkand 3 1

School of Materials Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 School of Engineering, Ghaemshahr branch, Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran, Ghaemshahr, Iran *(E-mail: [email protected]) 3 School of Engineering, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected])

Abstract In this study organically modified montmorillonite (organoclay) prepared by exchanging of the Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA) with sodium ions in montmorillonite structure was tested for petroleum hydrocarbon adsorption. The effectiveness of the sorbent materials for sorption of a range of products that are likely to be involved in oily wastewaters and land-based oil spills was investigated using crude oil, kerosene, gasoline. The process parameters such as sorbent dosage and contact time were reported. Results showed that adsorption capacity of the organoclay was clearly higher than of the unmodified clay. The obtained results in a batch wise process also showed that depending on the hydrocarbons the adsorption capacity was in the range of 4 to 10 gram per gram of adsorbent. It was found that hydrocarbon removal decreased with the amount of sorbent. Also adsorption equilibrium was attained within 1 hr. Keywords: Adsorption, Nanoclay, Organoclay, Petroleum Hydrocarbon

Y 219 Z

10178-P Ant colony optimization of water usage and treatment networks H. Ahmadian.1,*, R. B. Boozarjomehry1, D. Rashtchian1 1

Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Tecnhonology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail*: [email protected])

Abstract A new methodology for targeting minimum effluent treatment flow rate satisfying minimum freshwater requirement is proposed in this paper where it can be applied to fixed-flow-rate as well as fixedcontaminant-load problems having a single or multiple contaminants. A superstructure is developed for the synthesis of distributed wastewater treatment networks with stream recycles and then an ant colony algorithm is used in this study to solve the WUTN optimization problem. To apply ACO, the problem must be represented by an appropriate graph along which the ant moves to construct candidate solutions. For single contaminant water-using systems, ACO and other algorithms as well as Lingo can find the same minimum freshwater consumption. For multiple contaminants systems, it can find the same or better results in case studies. Moreover, ACO can yield many water-using networks consuming the same minimum freshwater but with different configurations, whereas Lingo yields only one network. Keywords: Ant Colony, Wastewater Minimization, Water Network.

Y 220 Z

10179-P Isolation of Lead Absorption Microorganism from Industrial Waste Water M.Tabatabaei ¹,*, J. Fooladi ¹, G .Ebrahimipour ² 1.

Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran (*[email protected]; [email protected]). 2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, ShahidBeheshti University, Tehran, Iran ([email protected]).

Abstract Heavy metals such as lead producing in industrial wastes form, as a result of various industrial activities, contaminated environment in different concentration. There is a tendency to use biological method to purify lead waste pollutants since they are more economical than chemical methods. One of the objectives of this research has been finding leadabsorbing bacteria to purify and decrease the level of lead to maximum lead concentration permissible in water. Key words: Absorption, Lead, Screening, Waste.

Y 221 Z

10181-P Determination of selected heavy metals in corals of Gulf of Aqaba S. Barakat Sohar University, Oman Abstract The concentration of selected heavy metals including cobalt, copper, zinc, nickel, lead, cadmium and the fatal concentration of heavy metals in selected corals were evaluated. Several living coral samples from different species (e.g., Porities) were collected from different sites along the Jordanian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba at shallow depths of about 5 m. The coral samples were collected using a pneumatic diamond drill corer for Porities, or using a hummer and chisel for other branched species. Some collected corals were analyzed for heavy metals using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and some others were used for incubation experiments. In the Gulf of Aqaba, heavy metals in corals have not been studied yet. Therefore, the results of the intended study may furnish useful information about the degree of contamination in the area of study. Keywords: Heavy Metals, Corals, Marine Pollution, Gulf of Aqaba, Water Pollution

Y 222 Z

10184-P Catalytic ozonation of para-nitrophenol by TiO2 H. Mozhdehvari 1, S. Motameni Tabatabaei* 2, N. Noroozi Pesyan* 1, A.Tajkhalili 1, P. Gharbani2 1

Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Faculty of chemical Engineering, Azad Islamic University, Ahar, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract Nitrophenols (NPs) are a group of special interest due to their high toxicity and low biodegradability. The removal of para-Nitrophenol (pNP) from water has been studied by ozone and ozonation catalyzed with Titanium oxide (TiO2). The effectiveness of catalytic degradation of pNP in several pHs was evaluated. Some of the main operating parameters like catalyst and basic pH exerted a positive influence in the ozonation rate. The results of HPLC and UV were used for study of pH and TiO2 catalyst effects in the rate and percentage of degradation. The variation of TOC and COD removal with ozone has been observed. Effects of the pH and catalyst on TOC and COD degradation have been detected. In the presence of catalyst or absence of it, aqueous ozone (O3) can be described by a twostage behavior, first involving a short-term rapid decomposition followed by a second slow decomposition in various pHs. The present study validated that ozonation is a safe, economic and promising process for the removal of such nitroaromatics from aqueous solutions. Keywords: Catalyst, COD, Ozonation, Para-Nitrophenol, Titanium Oxide, TOC

Y 223 Z

10186-O Removal of methylene blue dye from wastewaters by absorption on to sIPN hydrogels composed of poly (Acrylamideco-Acrylicacid) and poly vinyl alcohol M. Zendehdel1*, A. Barati2, H. Alikhani1 , A. Hekmat2 1

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran (Email: [email protected])

Abstract Dye removal from wastewater has received considerable attention with several classes of dye being investigated. Methylene blue (MB) has wide applications. It can cause some harmful effects in humans. The use of clean methods of low-priced and biodegradable absorbents could be a good tool to minimize the environmental impact caused by manufacturing and textile effluents.The present study deals with the preparation of a novel sIPN (semi interpenetrating) hydrogel composed of copolymer of Acryl amide and Acrylic acid with poly vinyl alcohol as linear polymer there in.The adsorption abilities of hydrogels with different molar ratios for removal of MB from aqueous solutions were investigated. A weighed quantity of dry hybrid hydrogel were immersed in 50 ppm MB solution and kept at 37o C. The amount of MB adsorbed was measured spectrophotometrically (λ= 661.6 nm) in periodically taken solution samples.The maximum dye absorption concentration for hydrogel composites was 95%.Interestingly, it wasn’t observed any dye desorption of MB/polymer solutions. Then the composites can be used as good membranes for removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solution while they won’t release harmful materials in water. Keywords: Hydrogel, Adsorption, Methylene Blue, Sipn

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10187-P Multiphase CFD simulation of dissolved air flotation S. Daryabari 1, 2,*, M. Moraveji 1 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran 2 Shazand Arak Oil Refining Company, Arak, Iran (*Email: [email protected])

Abstract Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase CFD simulations were employed to examine the performance of a laboratory scale Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) tank. Two drag models were tested in three dimensional simulations. The simulation results were assessed through comparisons of the predicted spatial distributions of water velocity. Two well known drag models, the Ishii-Zuber and Grace, were cross examined in gas-liquid twophase simulations. Agreements of CFD simulation with results in literature are reasonable. Keywords: Multiphase, CFD Simulation, Dissolved Air Flotation, GasLiquid Flow.

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10188-P Heuristic approach of water reuse and wastewater minimization in petroleum refineries S. Daryabari 1, 2,*, M. Moraveji 1 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran 2 Shazand Arak Oil Refining Company, Arak, Iran (*Email: [email protected])

Abstract Water reuse and wastewater minimization opportunities exist in almost all petroleum refineries. This paper presented heuristic approach for water reuse and wastewater minimization in petroleum refineries. The applied methodology is based on heuristic approach that were developed according to the demands of management in order to show potential savings of implementing a retrofit project without the use of complicated techniques that may be difficult to apply at early stages of design. Keywords: Water Reuse, Heuristic Approach, Petroleum Refineries, Wastewater.

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10189-O Row rice bran as a potentially low lost biosorbent for zinc ion (Zn (ii)) removal E. Karimyan1, H. Dashtian 1

Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract Some results on the removal of Zn (II) ions from simulated industrial wastewater using row rice bran are presented. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models, which are in common use for describing sorption equilibrium for wastewater-treatment applications, were used to represent the experimental data and equilibrium data fitted well to the Freundlich isotherm model. Various factors such as pH, ionic strength, initial concentration of Zn (II), contact time and temperature were considered. The maximum removal was achieved at pH values around 5.5–6.5. It can be observed that the maximum adsorbed amount of the metal ions was achieved within 65–85 min. The extent of Zn (II) adsorption increased with increasing initial concentration and temperature. Binary-metal studies showed that the presence of Cu (II) or Pb (II) significantly suppressed Zn (II) removal. Thermodynamic parameters indicated the endothermic nature of Zn (II) adsorption on row rice bran. The change of entropy (S0) and enthalpy (H0) were estimated at 0.134 kJ/ (mol K) and 27.615 kJ/mol respectively. The negative value of Gibbs free energy (G0) indicates feasible and spontaneous adsorption of Zn (II) on row rice bran. An appropriate correlation coefficient was obtained using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that Zn (II) sorption process onto rice bran particles tend to follow second-order kinetics. Also the interaction between the Zn (II) ions and row rice bran was concluded to be a physical process. Keywords: Row Rice Bran, Wastewater ,Langmuir and Freundlich, Thermodynamic Parameters

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10190-P Sorption of cobalt (Co (II)) and manganese (Mn(II)) from aqueous solution by row rice bran E. Karimyan1*, H. Dashtian1 1

Sharif University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected])

Abstract In the present study, the Row rice bran to remove Co (II) and Mn (II) ions from simulated solutions was investigated. Kinetic results and equilibrium removal isotherms were determined. The influence of different parameter such as pH, temperature, initial metal ion concentration, contact time and ionic strength on the sorption of Co (II) and Mn (II) was also studied. The removal of these two ions both increased with an increase in contact time, initial metal ion concentration, temperature and PH (from 1-5 and 1-6 respectively for Co(II) and Mn(II)) and decreased with an increase in ionic strength. The maximum biosorption efficiency of row rice bran 57% and 53% for Co (II) and Mn (II), respectively.The rate constants related to the adsorption of these heavy metal ions by row rice bran were applied to the Arrhenius equation, and activation energies (Ea) were determined. The adsorption of these ions follows pseudo-second order kinetics and the negative values of the change in free energy indicate the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the process, and the positive heats of the change in enthalpy suggest the endothermic nature of the process. The sorption data were subjected to different sorption isotherms and the results verified that Freundlich isotherm is the best model to be applied. Keywords: Row Rice Bran, Wastewater, Langmuir, Freundlich, Heavy Metal

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10191-O Role of extracellular polymeric substances in dewaterability of untreated, sonicated and digested waste activated sludge E. Hosnani, M. Nosrati*, A. Shojaosadati Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract: Waste activated sludge (WAS) is the major by-product of wastewater treatment plants that are operated aerobically. Daily, massive amounts of WAS are being produced in wastewater treatment plants of which the main constituent is water. Dewatering of WAS is a complex process, because different factors influence its dewaterability. Previous studies have shown that extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are the major constituent of waste activated sludge. Because of the large quantity and the important role they play in bio-flocculation of activated sludge, EPS seem to have an important effect on dewaterability of WAS. Results of previous works on determining the role of EPS on dewaterability of WAS are limited, different and sometimes seem to be little controversial. In this study, protein and carbohydrate part of EPS (EPSp and EPSc) measured in untreated, sonicated and digested WAS and relationship between these parameters to dewaterability of sludge was found. In untreated sludge samples, while the difference was only between the times of sampling, an increase of dewaterability observed with the increase of EPSp and EPSc concentreations. On the other hand, sonication and digestion caused an increase in the amount of EPSp and EPSc but a decrease in dewaterability of sludge samples. According to the findings of this study, there are some EPS compounds which act as the glue that bind cells together and have positive effect on dewaterability. On the other hand there are some EPS which have negative effects on dewaterability by retaining water in their structure. Further studies on the composition of EPS is necessary to realize what kind of treatments help removing unwanted EPS and improve dewaterability of WAS. Keywords: Capillary Suction Time, Dewaterability, Digestion, Epsp, Epsc, Sonication

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10193-O Removal of Tl (I) from aqueous solution using modified sugar beet pulp as a biosorbent J. Zolgharnein*, N. Asanjarani, T. Shariatmanesh Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Arak, Arak, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract In this study, sugar beet pulp was used to remove thallium (I) from aqueous solution. This sorbent was modified by various chemical agents, including H2SO4, NaOH, HNO3, NH3, NaCl, NaHCO3 and HCl. Among the various chemical modifiers NaOH was chosen. Experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Harkins-jura, Halsy, Dubinin-Redushkevich, Temkin, Generalized biosorption, Henderson and Frumkin isotherm. For modified Sugar beet, equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model with maximum capacity 185.18 mg/g. The effect of four main factors pH, Temperature (T), sorbent dosage (m) and initial concentration of Tl (C0) were studied. Various thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG, ΔH and ΔS were calculated indicating that this system was spontaneous and exothermic process. Reusability of sorbent was examined by the adsorption studies. Keyword: Adsorption Isotherms, Biosorption, Sugar Beet Pulp, Thallium.

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10194-P Removal of lead ions from industrial wastewaters R. Nayeri¹*, N. Ghaemi², A. Noohi¹ ¹Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Branch of Sciences and Researches, P.O.Box 14515/775, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) ²Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Lead is present in different types of industrial effluents, being responsible for environmental pollution. The bacterial strains used in the present study, isolated from wastewaters of industrial centers in Qom and Qazvin. The tolerance to lead was determined by the agar dilution method on modified-Luria Bertani Agar medium containing of 5 Mm concentration method. After this stage, about 29 different bacterial isolates resistant to lead, were identified. Then, a particular method (Pümpel et al., 1995) was employed. The test is based on the visualization and interpretation of the lead distribution between agar and colonies by chemical precipitation with hydrogen sulfide. Ten isolates were selected, which consisted of four Gram-negative and six Gram-positive bacteria. Biosorption capacities of dried biomass of these bacteria were investigated by using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. At experimental conditions including: initial lead concentration 500 ppm, temperature 30ºC, pH 5, contact time 24 h and agitation rate 150 rpm, the maximum metal biosorption capacities was observed by two of the bacteria which were Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterium with biosorption values 162.8 mg/gdw and 125.6 mg/gdw, respectively. The binding capacities for lead were investigated by using nonliving cells (heat dried or autoclaved) and living cells. Keywords: Biosorption, Bacteria, Heavy Metals, Pb (II), Pollution, Screening.

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10195-O Waste water treatment and power generation from cheese processing waste water using biological fuel cell technology M. Rahimnejad *,1, N. Mokhtarian2, G. D. Najafpour1, A. A. Ghoreyshi1, W. Ramli Wan Daud3 1

School of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]) 2 School of Chemical Engineering, Islamic Shahr Reza Azad University, Isfahan, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 3Institute of Fuel Cell Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Malaysia (E-mail: [email protected])

Abst ract Biological fuel cell technology can potentially be applied in waste water treatment and b io log ical pow er g en er a tion. In this research paper, Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated as a biocatalyst in the anaerobic batch culture for generation of electrons and waste water treatment which is used in biological fuel cell. The initial chemical oxygen demand was 66,000 mg/lit and used as substrate for bioreactor. The substrate consumption was monitored for incubation period of 72 hours. Every 4 hours samples were withdrawn. The highest open circuit voltage achieved, was 0.25 V. The rate of consumption substrate in anaerobic condition indicated th a t cheese processing waste water can be used for power generation in biological fuel cell and also can be treated with high removal efficient of chemical oxygen demand. Keywords: Waste Water Treatment, Microbial Electricity, Bioreactor, Whey, Anaerobic Anode.

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10196-O Landfill leachate treatment using aerobic thermophilic treatment process N.Moghadam1, M. Nosrati1,*, S.A. Shojaosadati1 1

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract Biological aerobic treatment of landfill leachate under thermophilic conditions is a way to reduce the pollutant contents of this concentrated wastewater. In this study, the treatability of landfill leachate using mesophilic and thermophilic activated sludge in the terms of Total Solids (TS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD); was investigated by means of a continuous aerobic mixed activated sludge tubular bioreactor. The period of treatment was 15 days at 40ºC and 20 days at 55ºC. These operations resulted in 44%, 33%, and 32% COD reductions at organic loading rates of 10.14, 16.9, and 32.96 kg/(m3.d) respectively, under mesophilic conditions (40ºC), and COD reductions of 54%, 49%, 44%, and 43% at organic loading rates of 5, 10.1, 17.37, and 32.96 respectively, under thermophilic conditions (55ºC). The values of kinetic parameters of Yield (YT), Decay rate constant (Kd), Maximum specific growth rate constant (μm), and Monod equation rate constant (Ks) were found to be 0.31 kgMLSS/kgCOD, 0.38 d-1, 3.11 d-1, and 1311 mgCOD/l respectively, under mesophilic conditions (40ºC), and 0.24 kgMLSS/kgCOD, 0.60 d-1, 6.51 d-1, and 1210 mgCOD/l respectively, under thermophilic conditions (55ºC). Keywords: Landfill Leachate, Thermophilic, Mesophilic, Activated Sludge.

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10197-O Biological treatment of a bagasse-based soda bleach plant effluent with coriolus versicolor R. Naghdi1, A. N. Karimi1, Y. Hamzeh1*, A. J. Latibari2, S. A. Mirshokraie3, E. Nadali1 1

Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31585-4314 Karaj, Iran (E-mail:[email protected]) 2 Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, Azad Islamic University, Karaj, Iran 3 Department of Sciences, Payam-e-Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract The effect of rainbow fungus (Coriolus versicolor) on the properties of paper mill bleaching effluent containing chlorinated compounds was investigated. Initially, the independent effect of operating variables including time, temperature, pH, and biomass on color reduction were investigated keeping constant the other variables in the optimum growth conditions of fungi given in literature. The highest color reductions were observed at the treatment time of 6 days (58%), pH of 3 (48%), biomass dose of 9 g/l (59%) and temperature of 35°C (48%) respectively. To study the interactive effect of variables on the color reduction of effluent, and to find the best treatment levels leading to the highest color reduction, two optimum levels of each treatment were selected and tested. It was observed that rainbow fungus had the highest effect on color reduction (66%) in the temperature, treatment time, biomass dose, and pH of 35°C, 6 days, 9 g/l, and 3 respectively. In this condition, COD and BOD of effluent were decreased by 45% and 53%, respectively. It was found that Coriolus versicolor efficiently reduced the various poisonous compounds of chlorophenols, chloroguaiacols, and chlorocatechols present in Pars paper mill bleaching plant effluent to the level less than their lethal concentration (96LC50) in most cases. Globally, it can be concluded that rainbow fungus can efficiently reduce the undesirable physico-chemical properties of bleaching effluent of bagasse soda pulp. Keywords: Rainbow Fungus, Bleach Plant Effluent, Color Reduction, Treatment Conditions, Chlorocatechols, Lethal Concentration (96LC50).

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10198-P Waste water treatment and production of bioelectricity simultaneously M. Rahimnejad *1, N. Mokhtarian2 , G. D. Najafpour1, A. A. Ghoreyshi1, W. Ramli Wan Daud3 1

School of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran (E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]) 2 School of Chemical Engineering, Islamic Shahreza Azad University, Isfahan, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 3 Institute of Fuel Cell Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Malaysia (E-mail:[email protected])

Abstract A biological fuel cell is a device that produces electrical energy by harnessing the oxidizing potential of anaerobic bacteria or enzyme. Biological fuel cell technology can potentially be applied in waste water treatment. Anaerobic microorganisms in a biological fuel cell oxidize various substrates and electron donors like sewage sludge and other carbon sources. Electrons that the anode accepts flow through a circuit to the cathode, where they are used in the reduction of oxygen (terminal electron acceptor) and convert protons to water. In this study, the most recent advances in biological fuel cell research emphases on applications in waste water treatment are summarized. Keywords: Waste Water Treatment, Microbial Electricity, Anaerobic Anode, Biofuel Cell, Electron Acceptor.

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10201-P Effect of shahrekord municipal wastewater on soil some macronutrients and on pepper growth and yield M. Moradmand1, H. Beigi Harchegani1 1

Department of Soil Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran (E-mail: moradmandfr @ yahoo.com; [email protected])

Abstract Reuse of wastewater and treated effluents for agricultural irrigation has become an essential method to overcome the problems of water shortage, irrigation water supply and environmental pollution control. Wastewater has been recognized to have direct effects on soil chemical properties. It supplies plant nutrients and organic matter to soil and affects soil pH and salinity. In managing wastewater irrigation, the wastewater nutrients contents, crop nutrients requirements, soil nutrient contents and other soil fertility parameters should be considered. In order to investigate the effects of Shahrekord treated municipal wastewater on soil chemical properties and on chilli pepper growth and yield a pot experiment was carried out. A completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates was used. Five treatments included different percentages of wastewater (0, %25, %50, %75 and %100) in irrigation water. The results indicated that soil available phosphorus and potassium; and soil total nitrogen decreased with decreasing the percent of wastewater in irrigation water and at the end of the growing season only irrigation with 100 percent wastewater compensated the phosphorus removal by chilli pepper. Chilli yield, root and shoot dry and fresh weights increased with increasing the percent of wastewater in irrigation water. Keywords: Growth and Yield, Municipal Wastewater, Shahrekord, Soil Chemical Properties, Sweet Chilli

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10202-O Synthesis of ZnS nanocrystal and investigation of its photocatalytic activity in photodecolorization of dye solution containing C.I. acid blue 9 S. Aber*, A. R. Khataee, H. Mehrizade Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanocrystals in the wurtzite structure with the mean diameter size 6 nm were prepared by precipitation method in the presence of Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent, and examined as a photocatalyst for the UV-induced decolorization of dye solution containing C.I. Acid Blue 9 (AB9) as a deputy of organic pollutant in aqueous solution. The effects of various parameters, such as illumination time, the amount of photocatalyst, initial pH values and initial concentration of dye solution on the photocatalytic decolorization of Acid Blue 9 were investigated to find desired conditions. Photocatalytic activity of the prepared ZnS nanocrystals was compared with TiO2. The results indicated that UV/ZnS process offers better removal efficiency than UV/TiO2 process. Keywords: Advanced Oxidation Processes (Aops), Nanoparticle, Photocatalysis, Photodegradation, Wastewater, Zinc Sulfide.

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10204-P Effect of treated municipal wastewater on nickel concentration of pepper and soil M. Moradmand* Department of Soil Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran (E-mail: moradmandfr @ yahoo.com) Abstract The use of treated municipal wastewater for irrigation in arid and semi-arid regions like Iran was considered in recent decades. Wastewater irrigation could cause excessive accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils. Soil contamination with this elements lead to heavy metals uptake by crops and thus affect food chain. In this research investigate the distribution of nickel in pepper tissues after irrigation with wastewater. For this reason a pot experiment was carried out and a completely randomized design was used. Different percents of treated wastewater were applied for irrigation. Increasing the percent of wastewater had no significant effect on soil available nickel concentrations. Soil available nickel was still less than allowable. Wastewater irrigation did not affect nickel tissue concentrations. Health risk index values of less than 1 indicate a relative absence of health risks associated with the ingestion of fruits of pepper. Keywords: Irrigation, Municipal Wastewater, Nickel, Shahrekord, Sweet Chilli.

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10205-P A comparative review on disinfection methods in water treatment M. Naderi*, M. Mozdianfard Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract More recently, drinking water providers have faced an array of new challenges, including: • Treating resistant pathogens such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium • Minimizing disinfection by-products • New environmental and safety regulations and • Strengthening security at treatment facilities To meet these new challenges, water system managers must design unique disinfection approaches to match each system’s characteristics and source water quality. While chlorination remains the most commonly used disinfection method by far, water systems may use alternative disinfectants, including chloramines, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet radiation. No single disinfection method is right for all circumstances, and in fact, water systems may use a variety of methods to meet overall disinfection goals at the treatment plant, and to provide residual protection throughout the distribution system. The sections below describe various disinfection technologies, and discuss the major advantages and limitations associated with each. Keywords: Water Treatment, Disinfection, Chlorination, Chloramine, Ozone; UV Radiation.

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10206-O MBR as alternative for decentralised domestic wastewater treatment A. Rahimi1, M. Hesampour2, M. Mänttäri2, M. Nyström2 1

Pala Tarh Energy Co, 1578654817 Tehran, Iran, (Email:[email protected]) 2 Laboratory of Membrane Technology and Technical Polymer Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland, (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Several issues like the rapid increasing demand for fresh water, the limited resources of water and the lack of municipal sewage networks have caused that water has become an important challenge for the city of Tehran (Iran). Much effort has been given to find solutions to overcome this problem. One alternative is to reuse the wastewater as a nontraditional resource for water. Amongst different methods to recycle wastewater, membrane bioreactors have been seen as effective methods and capable to convert wastewater to high quality water. In this study, the results from a treatment of domestic wastewater in an MBR are presented. The MBR unit was designed by Huber Technology Inc. for the treatment of 120 m3/day wastewater (grey and black) from an average size administration building which is a work area for about 1000 employees. The input COD and BOD were 830 and 290 ppm, respectively. Monitoring the performance and studying the effect of different factors on the performance of the MBR unit, under real conditions, are considered as a good methodology. The results are useful in understanding the process and may help in modifying future plants. Keywords: Wastewater, Treatment, Reuse, MBR, Decentralised.

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10207-O Purification of water in the Aral Sea regions Uzbekistan V. Krepl, M. Muzikant, D. Gaybullaev Department of Sustainable Technologies, Institue of Tropics and Subtropics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract The Republic of Uzbekistan is situated in Central Asia formerly part of Soviet Union. Uzbekistan is the most populated country in Central Asia and the population of the country is 27. 7 million people (July 2007 1) and the area is 447,400 km2. Decreasing of water sources in the Aral Sea basin has brought many problems and one other main problem is appearing of sewage water. Water which used from cleaning technology practically is not clean from oil and other damages. It does not give an opportunity of recycling water for secondary use in the Aral Sea area. In lack of water resources, secondary use of water may significantly decline water consumption for technical purposes. From another side, sewage water is also the main reason of living environment pollution, because it contains vestige of mineralization and biocides. Each year, wind whips 45 million metric tons of salty and contaminated dust into the air, contributing to health problems such as respiratory infections, tuberculosis, anemia, kidney diseases, diarrhea and cancer. This massive environmental disaster affects about five million people in the Central Asia. (As we know, the Aral Sea is situated in the middle of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan). From 2004, Czech Republic with cooperation PROTE firm has been realizing development project under the title of Improvement of the quality of drinking and irrigation water in the Aral Sea region by clearing equipment and sorbents produced in the Czech Republic” in the Autonomic Republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. This work is the study of possibilities of water purification technologies infrastructure in the selected regions in Uzbekistan for improving water management systems and preventing it from living environment pollution, including installation of water purification equipments in the Aral Sea area.

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10208-O Studying the possibility of wastewater treatment of alcohol distillatory units using UASB method "Pilot study" 1

E. Azimi Ghalibaf, S. J. Hashemian2, A. Einafshar1

1

Water& Wastewater Treatment Department, Kavosh Pay Consulting Engineers Co., Mashhad, Iran 2 Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract One of the most important problems in industrial developments is the environmental difficulties resulted from industrial activities classified into the air industrial pollutions, wastewaters and sludge. Alcohol distillatory units, as a basic industry in Iran, have a great deal of worth by transforming sugar industry's wastewater (molasses) to a fundamental material (Alcohol) of many industries and activities. The wastewater resulted from alcohol distillatory units have a great amount of pollution. To this extent its treatment method should be selected according to the special studying to choose the best method and the most effective designing condition. In this studying, the possibility of wastewater treatment of Khorasan Alcohol distillatory unit is examined by making an industrial pilot plant in volume of 1.3 m3, equipped with uniform distribution and collection system, gas collector and flare, equalization tank, heater and recycling pump by using UASB method. In this research, granulating process was started with an amount of mass load about 5.3 (kg COD/m3.day) and the primary granules were formed completely in a mass load about 8 (kg COD/m3.day). Afterward, by increasing of the loading up to the 16 (kg COD/m3.day), the treatment of the wastewater has become possible by keeping granules' quality and sludge's specialties. In this study, pilot plant's flare had a stable fire in a charge about 11.3 (kg COD/m3.day). In this research, in the maximum loading, the treatment’s efficiency obtained on the basis of COD removal was equal to 95.4%. Keywords: Industrial Wastewater, Alcohol Distillatory Unit, Uasb, Granulated Sludge.

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10209-O Application of ED and EDI Processes in NaOH recovery from Merox spent caustic waste N. Keramati1, A. Moheb1,*, M. R. Ehsani1 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; *[email protected])

Abstract In this research work recovery of sodium hydroxide from waste stream of Merox process by two different processes of electrodialysis (ED) and electrodeionization (EDI) was studied. Effects of applied voltage and feed flow rate on NaOH recovery were investigated. The separation performance was evaluated in terms of sodium ion transport and electricity consumption. The obtained results showed that the percentage recovery of sodium hydroxide increased with the enhancement of the applied voltage and simultaneously the economy of processes decreased. Also, comparison between results of two processes showed that electrodeionization was more successful for recovery of NaOH from waste stream of mercaptan removal unit at suitable condition. High NaOH recovery was obtained by the electrodeionization at about 85%. Keywords: Electrodeionization, Electrodialysis, Membrane, Mercaptan, Merox, Naoh Recovery.

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10210-P NaOH recovery from waste stream of merox process using electrodialysis N. Keramati1, A. Moheb 1,*, M. R. Ehsani 1 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; *[email protected])

Abstract The recovery of NaOH from the waste stream of Merox process containing metallic salts (Na2S, Na2CO3 and NaOH) was achieved by the electrodialysis (ED) process with two different configurations of two and three-compartment cell in batch mode. In the experiments, base solution was used as catholyte and an acid solution were used as an anolyte. The effects of feed flow rate, applied voltage and feed concentration on the NaOH recovery were investigated and discussed. The separation performance was evaluated in terms of sodium ion transfer and electricity consumption. The obtained results showed that electrodialysis seems to be an applicable method for the recovery of NaOH from waste stream of Merox process at suitable conditions. High NaOH recovery was obtained by the electrodialysis at about 75%. Keywords: Recovery.

Electrodialysis,

Membrane,

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Mercaptan,

Merox,

Naoh

10211-P Dye pollutant removal from water by membrane filtration using a membrane made by mlectrospinning of submicron nylon 6 fibers F. Basiri1, A. Moheb2,*, S. A. Hosseini Ravandi1, M. Feiz1 1

Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran (*E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: Textile processing industries generally use significant amount of process water for cleaning, rinsing and dyeing purposes, and therefore release considerable amount of dye polluted waste streams to the environment. In recent years researchers have made great attempts to remove pollutants from these waste streams. One of the successful processes could be used to reach this aim is membrane filtration. To use this separation method it is necessary to manufacture effective membranes. A group of membranes are made from submicron fibers. Electrospinning is a relatively simple method to produce submicron fibers from solutions of different polymers and polymer blends. The present paper presents the results of a research work on manufacturing a membrane filter by electrospining of submicron Nylon 6 fibers on a carbon coated polyurethane substrate and implementing this membrane for dye removal in a filtration system. To evaluate the fabricated membrane a membrane filtration system was designed and built. Experiments were run with C.I.Direct yellow 12 as a typical dye pollutant. The effect of time of electrospinning, filtration hydrodynamic pressure difference and amount of used chemical coagulant were investigated and it was discovered that by application of 150ppm coagulant material at 1.75 bar pressure the filtration efficiency was 98%. Keywords: Dye Removal, Coagulant, Electrospinning, Filtration, Nylon 6.

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10213-P Substitutional feasibility of secondary sedimentation tank with HRF in activated sludge waste water treatment method M. Aalami, A. Rashidi Mehrabadi, M. Fazeli, H. Khosrojerdi, M. Fallahpur School of Water & Waste Water Engineering, College of Water Engineering, Power & Water University of Technology, P.O.Box 167651719, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] ) Abstract Increase in the population of urban societiesr, limitation of water resources, pollution caused by domestic and industrial waste water discharge to the environment and sewage refinery malfunction in decrease of effluents pollutant are the reasons that attracts researcher’s attention to the novel water resources and standardization of refinery effluents for nondomestic applications, besides of waste water treatment plant (WWTP) efficiency and control of bioenvironmental pollutant attentions. In this research for the first time aeration tank outflow in Ekbatan WWTP as a sample, was transferred to horizontal roughing filter (HRF) and parameters of TSS removal efficiency, sludge concentrating and coliforms removal efficiency in this unit was evaluated and compared with secondary settling tank. The pilot, which was used in this research, was designed with regard to previous studies of these filters in water industry and optimized them. Determination of waste water TSS removal efficiency that enters HRF and the efficiency of these filters were evaluated in overflow rates of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 (m/hr). The mean removal performance in four experienced rates was calculated 99.25% with 0.4 standard deviation. The mean TSS of first fragment out flow in four rates was estimated 1960-5020 mgr/lit in range. By assessment of horizontal roughing filter function in total and fecal coliforms omission, the removal efficiency was more than 13log. Overally in this research HRF function in comparison with secondary sedimentation tank performance was acceptable and possibility of these reservoirs substitution with HRF needs complementary studies. Keywords: HRF, Secondary Settling Tank, Secondary Treatment, TSS Removal.

Y 246 Z

10214-P Assessment of management optimization in wastewater treatment plants by Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) S. Salehi*, N. Barzegar Marvasti Civil and Environmental Department, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran (Email:[email protected]) Abstract: Optimization of wastewater treatment plants management is an important issue in the water and wastewater industry; so proper design and operation of wastewater treatment plant is necessary. This makes well design and operation of wastewater treatment systems of vital importance and an effective maintenance management strategy is a permanent consideration for a wastewater treatment plant that can significantly improve performance of the operations, decrease treatment costs and optimize plant effluent. Thus, implementation of a Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) system would be the right strategy for all about mentioned reasons. In this paper, common processes using in various wastewater treatment plants and their instruments is reviewed and different methods of maintenance management is evaluated. Then, implementation and optimization of these methods by TPM is exhibited. In this case, relation between TPM and optimization of wastewater treatment plant operation is evaluated. At last, tables of autonomous and planned maintenance, as two important items of TPM, in biological process tanks is exhibited, as an example. As result of this paper, it can be used for optimization of management and effluent quality of wastewater treatment plant. Keywords: Wastewater Treatment Plants, Management Optimization, Operation & Maintenance, TPM, Effluents

Y 247 Z

10216-P Evaluation of reusing treated wastewater of Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch for the irrigation of green fields in this area M. Farahani, M. Macki Aleagha Faculty Members of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen Branch (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract To consider the problem of water storage in Iran, wastewater reuse is one of the most important successful strategies to overcome this problem. Treated wastewater is a valuable resource for agriculture and irrigation, which however without a properly developed the planning framework policy, safety and efficient management of this resource can not be achieved. Therefore, the planning and managing of agricultural reuse projects need to consider institutional and legal, socio-economic, financial, environmental, technical and psychological aspects. This study carried out to evaluate the suitability of using the effluent wastewater of the Islamic Azad University of Roudehen for irrigation of the green fields of this area. We have determined the values of : pH, CO3 ,EC , DO , BOD ,COD , Ca , Mg , Cl , HCO3, Na, K, TS, TSS, PO4, P, NO2, NO3, NH3, NH4, NH3-N, and MPN in 30 samples of raw and effluence wastewater during 3 months. The average of these parameters compared with effluent standards published by the environmental protection department of Iran. The results showed that, the quality of this effluent is considered suitable for irrigation of green fields expect for MPN and TSS which are decrease by increasing the chlorination and filtration methods respectively. The important parameters of water quality such as EC, SAR, Na% in the effluent were 1731 µs/cm, 5.2, 49.2 respectively and the quality of this effluent is classified as acceptable for plant resistant to salinity. Keywords: Reuse, Irrigation, Municipal Wastewater, Agriculture.

Y 248 Z

10218-P Sorption studies of toxic metal ions from waste stream on modified mesoporous Titanosilicate H. Alighanbari2,*, S. J. Ahmadi1, H. Sepehrian1 1

Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Faculty of Nuclear Engineering, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract Four different samples of mesoporous Titanosilicate with different mole ratios of Si/Ti have been synthesized to investigate their sorption ability for 24 toxic metal ions. XRD, nitrogen sorption, SEM, IR, thermogravimetry, distribution coefficient have been studied and discussed. Separations of CsI-UVI, CoII-UVI and SrII-UVI have been developed on columns of this sorbent. Keywords: Mesoporous, Toxic Metal Ions, Sorption, Titanosilicate.

Y 249 Z

10219-P Biosorption of heavy metals by industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae N. Yarke Salkhori1*, N. Ghaemi2, A. Nouhi1 1

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Branch of science and researcher, P.O. Box 14515/775, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: MV_sys@ yahoo.com). 2 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: N_ [email protected]) Abstract Today lead pollution has become an environmental problem. Widely is used in many industrial applications such as storage battery manufacturing, etc. Through the water and food into the body and in the bone instead of calcium gathering and it will be on nervous system and the hemoglobin creates disorder. One of the methods for cleaning environmental lead is the biosorption. The microorganism suitable for this work is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study is used of Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer system for uptake rate. Lead rate sorption by industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (The essence of paste Lorestan factory) was 45%. Compared the effects different factors on biosorption such as pH, concentration Pb (II), etc. The rate uptake lead is higher by living cells than dead cells. In this study is used of Agar and calcium alginate for immobilization strain. The results showed that the rate uptake by immobilized cells was nearly well. Keywords: Biosorption, Immobilization, Lead

Y 250 Z

10220-P Effects of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants on heavy metals movement in soils, and contamination of groundwater A. Behbahaninia¹,*, S.A. Mirbagheri², J.Nouri¹ 1

Graduate School of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O.Box 16765-3687, Tehran, Iran. (Email: [email protected]) 2 Department of Civil Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, and Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected])

Abstract Heavy metals movement and accumulation in soils under the application of sewage sludge and effluent from wastewater treatment plants is a major environmental concern because transport of heavy metals through the soils may eventually lead to the groundwater contamination and accumulation in soils and crops. A silt loam soils below sludge and effluent disposal at Tehran wastewater treatment plant were studied. The vertical and horizontal distribution of sludge-borne Cd, Cr, Zn, Pb, Fe, Cu and Ni was studied in and around a four plots 2 by 6 m. Measured loadings of heavy metals to the plots from the sludge application were Fe, 284.75, Pb, 90.28, Zn, 109.5, Ni, 60.28,Cu, 27.76 Cr, 28.58 and Cd, 4.5 mg/kg. Two hundred and forty soil samples were taken from areas within the plots and up to 100 cm depth on each side of the plots. Leachate water from the plots which contaminates groundwater was collected and the concentrations of heavy metals were measured. The determined concentration of sludge-borne in leachate Cr, Ni, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu and Cd respectively, were: 0.803, 0.785, 0.532, 0.439, 0.110, 0.180 and 0.019 mg/l. The results of this study can be used for the management of effluent and sewage application in agricultural lands and crop production. Also, the groundwater quality can be monitored and improved. Keywords: Contamination, Heavy Metals, Groundwater, Sewage Sludge, Wastewater.

Y 251 Z

10221-P Using of the friendly environmental chemical compounds in order to increase the rate of the sludge settling in the petroleum refineries API wastewater pounds M. R. Sazegar1,*, F. Khojasteh2 1

Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, North Branch, Tehran, Iran, (Email: [email protected]) 2 Tidewater Middle East Applied Science University, Bandar Anzali, Iran Abstract The oily sludge is produced by various steps of petroleum process. This sludge are contain of the crude oil and other hydrocarbons such as heavy hydrocarbons, heavy metals, insoluble Organic compounds, inorganic particles and water. The samples of these kinds of sludge's are the API wastewater pound and oily dumps that this sludge's are viscose or non - viscose. These sludge's have a lot of pollutions such as phenolic derivatives, heavy metals and hazardous organic compounds and for this reason they called "Hazardous Waste". In addition to the Phenol, the oily sludge are contain of several metals such as Cd, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Pb. According to the recent data, the Indian petroleum refineries produce about 28000 ton of sludge per year that this amount of sludge is one of the most important problems for them and they have had serious environmental problems for disposal treatments. Dewatering and concentration of the sludge's are very difficult that is related to their colloid properties and for that the settling of the sludge's are difficult and need to a long time for it. In this study we introduce a new method for fast settling of the sludge's in the petroleum refinery API wastewater pounds or anywhere else with using of the friendly environmental chemical compounds. Keywords: Oil, Sludge, Chemical Compound, Wastewater, Refinery, Petroleum.

Y 252 Z

10222-O Effects of salinity and empty bed contact time on simultaneous heterotrophic and sulfur based autotrophic denitrification B. Aminzadeh*, A. Torabian, A. K. Azimi, Gh. R. Nabi Bidhendi, N. Mehrdadi Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O. Box, 141556135, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected] ; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] ; [email protected]) Abstract The effects of salinity and empty bed contact time (EBCT) on simultaneous heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification of synthetic wastewater were evaluated in an up flow sulfur packed bed reactor. The reactor was filled with granular elemental sulfur particles with diameters of 2.8-5.6 mm and porosity of 40%. The initial culture was prepared from sludge of Shahrak-e-Ghods wastewater treatment plant. The influent nitrate concentration and EBCT were 600 mg NO3-N/lit and 16 h respectively. First the percent nitrate removal by heterotrophic denitrification (with methanol) supplied enough alkalinity to compensate the autotrophic alkalinity consumption, was determined 65%. Then salt concentration was gradually increased with NaCl from 0% in the feed. The Process kept high nitrate removal efficiency (99%) even at 3.5 % NaCl. During these changes the alkalinity variations were insignificant which showed the microbial population ratio of acclimated autotrophic to heterotrophic denitrifiers had no any significant change with NaCl concentrations up to 3.5% in the feed. At 4 and 5% NaCl, the efficiency drastically decreased to 78% and 48% respectively. Similar behavior was also observed for methanol removal efficiency, effluent turbidity and sulfate production. The effects of EBCT on denitrification of synthetic high saline wastewater under mixotrophic conditions were investigated at EBCT 20 to 2 h. Denitrification efficiency was close to 100% at EBCT of 20 to 8 h but decreased to 79% and 39% when the EBCT was 4 and 2 h respectively. The decrease in effluent sulfate concentration and the increase in effluent alkalinity and pH at EBCT of 4 and 2 h were considerable correspondingly. These results imply that the population ratio of autotrophic to heterotrophic denitrifiers depends on EBCT. Keywords: Autotrophic Denitrification, Heterotrophic Denitrification, High Saline Wastewater, Nitrate, Sulfur, Packed Bed Reactor. Y 253 Z

10223-O Biosorption of Cu (II) and Zn (II) using lignocellulosic fiber derived from Citrus reticulata (Kinnow) waste biomass H. Nawaz1,*, R. Boota, M. Hanif 1

University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract The biosorption of Cu (II) and Zn) II) using dried untreated and pretreated Citrus reticulata waste biomass was evaluated. The Cu (II) and Zn (II) sorption was found dependent on solution pH ,biosorbent dose, biosorbent particle size, shaking speed, temperature, initial concentration of metal ion being sorbed and contact time. In total twenty eight different pretreatments of Citrus reticulata waste biomass were evaluated for the sorption Cu (II) and Zn (II) from aqueous solutions. Uptake capacity of Citrus reticulata was significantly affected after pretreatments. Physical and chemical pretreatments of biomass changed the metal uptake capacity of Citrus reticulata waste biomass significantly. The difference in results after a specific pretreatment may be attributed to the specific type of interaction between the biomass and metal. The present results demonstrate that the Langmuir model fits better than the Freundlich model for the adsorption equilibrium data in the examined concentration range. The biosorption of Cu (II) and Zn (II (occurred rapidly in the first 120 min and equilibrium was reached in 240 min. Keywords: Biosorption, Cu (II), Zn (II), Pretreatments, Isothermd

Y 254 Z

10224-P Removal of Solar Black G by barley husk waste biomass from aqueous solution H. Nawaz1*, M. Asgher1 1

University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Abstract The intention of this study was to exploit the decolorization potential of barley husk waste biomass to remove direct dye, solar black G, from aqueous solution. Various process parameters like particle size and amount of biosorbent, initial concentration of dye solution, pH and temperature of decolorization media were optimized to develop an efficient decolorization protocol. The optimum removal of anionic dye was achieved using highly acidic media, pH 2. The sorption capacity, q (mg/g) decreased with increasing initial dye concentration and temperature. The influence of three electrolytes NaCl, KCl, CaCl2 and their ionic strength (0.01-0.20M) was also studied on the sorption potential of barley husk. The sorption capacity was found to be highest using 0.01M K+ ions, decreasing with increasing ionic strength. The equilibrium was established within 45 minutes using 0.10g biosorbent while it was prolonged to 90 minutes with increasing amount of biosorbent (0.250.50g). In order to investigate the mechanism of sorption and potential rate controlling steps, pseudo first order, pseudo second order, intraparticle diffusion and Elvoich equations were used to analyze the experimental data obtained by using three different amounts of biosorbent, 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50g. The rate constants for four models have been determined and the correlation coefficients (R2) have been calculated in order to judge the model that provide best fit predicted data with experimental results. Keywords: Direct Dyes, Biosorption, Barley Husk, Kinetics.

Y 255 Z

10225-O Removal of Phenol Sulfonic Acid from contaminated waters by RO process, physicochemical treatment and GAC Adsorption A. Torabian2, A.H. Hassani1, E. Esmaeily1, L. Syfy3 1

Faculty of Environment, Azad University Research and Science Branch, Tehran, Iran 2 Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Company, Tehran, Iran (Email:[email protected]) 3 Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract Developments in coating industry especially in tin coated plates and their abundant usage in food industries has resulted in the production of wastewaters with various ingredients which Phenol Sulfonic Acid (PSA) is among them. This compound is used as electrolyte in plating process and due to its acidic nature and phenolic ring is one of the aquatic environmental pollutants. In this research, for the treatment of PSA containing wastewaters through reverse osmosis (RO) process has been implemented and its removal efficiency is compared with other common methods (e.g., GAC adsorption, coagulation and flocculation) in Iran. In the RO process, two solutions containing 25 mg/lit and 200 mg/lit of PSA were tested and removal efficiencies in the column study reached to 100% and 99.9%, respectively. In coagulation and flocculation treatment method, Alum, Ferrous Sulfate and Ferric Chloride were used as coagulants and lime used as a coagulant aid. These coagulants in the optimum conditions showed that PSA removal efficiency was 36%, 43.4% and 32.7%, respectively. In the third part, PSA treatability by adsorption system using granular activated carbon (GAC) in different concentrations of PSA was determined. Studies showed the optimum concentration of activated carbon for the PSA treatment is 163 lit/Kg and the average removal efficiency of PSA was 90%. The results of this study demonstrate that RO process is an appropriate treatment alternative in industrial areas where the risk of PSA pollution of water bodies is probable. Keywords: Phenol Sulfonic Acid, Reverse Osmosis, GAC Adsorption, Coagulation, Tin Coated

Y 256 Z

10226-P Studying the effects of the changes of the quantitative-qualitative pattern of the influent-increasing wastewater acceptance on flocks sedimentation in activated sludge E. Azimi Ghalibaf1, H. Shojaee Siuki1, A. Einafshar* Kavosh Pay Consulting Engineers Co., Mashad, Iran Abstract In every city, the produced wastewater has its special quantitative and qualitative pattern on the basis of culture, the manner of water distribution services, year’s seasons and temperature changes. The changes of this pattern, especially in the peak points, lead to great effects in the operation of wastewater's treatment plants which appears in activated sludge process as inappropriate sedimentation of sludge’s flocks. This phenomenon (sludge bulking) is one of the most important difficulties in operation of wastewater's treatment plants using activated sludge method that leads to the disturbance of the treatment plants’ steady state and undesired effects on the quality of the effluents. New established Treatment plants, got to their nominal capacity after several years, are encountered with an increasing amount in the capacity of the influent according to the expansion of covered population which intensifies the sludge bulking, but it should be mentioned that these effects are not the same as the effects of the changes in the quantitative-qualitative pattern. This research, which is the result of forty months of operation of Bojnourd's wastewater treatment plant by using activated sludge method, studies the non- sedimentation occurrence of activated sludge’s flocks which is produced by the effects of the quantitative-qualitative changes of the pattern of the annual influent and the increasing of the accepted capacity. In this study, which is on the base of the daily laboratorial tests done in the studying period, SVI and SDI parameters were assessed as qualitative sludge indicators and the amount of mass loading, resulted from the fluctuation of the producing wastewater pattern, was assessed as the target parameters. With respect to the fact that the wastewater treatment plant includes a biological selector, it had been never the factor of non-sedimentation of string bulking which can be indicated by the daily microscopic studies. According to the achievements of the planning and scheduling, the necessary operational maneuvers during the studying period of the effluents’ quality, was maintained on the level of the standard of the discharging to the acceptor waters. Keywords: Municipal Wastewater, Activated Sludge, SVI, SDI, Sludge’s Bulking, Operation. Y 257 Z

10227-O Reuse of Yazd effluent wastewater M. Nosrati1, M. Esnaashari 2 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modarress University, Tehran, Iran (Email:[email protected]) 2

Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Company, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected])

Abstract At the present time, because of high water demand in Yazd province, increasing consumption of water, lack of suitable replacement for wells and aqueducts, lack of permanent rivers, and also low rainfall, have caused negative water balance in this region. For this reason reuse of effluent wastewater of Yazd Waste Water Treatment Plant (TWWTP) has been evaluated and studied as a main replacement for below consumers: 1Agriculturing 2Industrial reuse. 3Indesertification 4Artificial groundwater recharge 5Green area of cities and between cities. 6Urban utilities i.e: carwash, fire station, resorts … Yazd wastewater treatment plant operates with natural stabilization pond method which is consisted of one anaerobic pond and two facultative ponds and the effluent wastewater rate will reach up to 3480 liter per second within year 1415. In this study according to proximity of consumption centers in YWWTP, identification and priorities in different sections such as agriculture, industry and etc. Yazd-Ardakan plain and Bahadoran plain were selected as the project boundary. Then, the mentioned consumers were evaluated from the technical and economical aspects therefore quality, quantity, transmission and costs were studied. Keywords: Yazd, Wastewater Treatment, Wastewater Reuse

Y 258 Z

10228-P Adsorption of water pollutant using functionalized mesoporous silica aerogels: synthesis and adsorption properties H. Bargozin1, L. Amirkhani1, J. S. Moghaddas1,*, M. M. Ahadian2 1

Transport Phenomena Research Center (TPRC), Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran (E-mail: *[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Self-assembled mesoporous silica aerogels (SAMMSA) with high adsorption properties were synthesized by simultaneously extraction/derivetization method with cheap waterglass precursor as a silica source and the ambient pressure drying (APD) method. Functionalization of silica aerogels were done using with TMCS/IPA/nHexane solution. Analysis show 143° contact angle, 579 m2/g specific surface area, 0.15 g/cm3 density and up to 380°C thermal stability. Large contact angle (143°) indicates high density of self assembeled –(CH3)3 groups on aerogel surface. Because of high surface area, the synthesized aerogel has great capacity for adsorption of organic water pollutants from water. Furthermore, because of monolithic structure they can easily used for adsorption purposes without problems of spreading in environment. The aerogels showed a very high uptake capacity and high rate of uptake. With our new synthesis method the time and cost of synthesis are minimized and products are very promising for commercialization. Furthermore, relatively strong adsorption bonds between pollutants and aerogel surface cause to better adsorption properties of SAMMSA with respect to conventional ones such as activated carbon. Keywords: Adsorption, Organic Compounds, Silica Aerogel, Sol–Gel Synthesis, Superhydrophobicity.

Y 259 Z

10229-O Controlled release of nitrate fertilizers by using acrylate-zeolite Nano-Composite to prevent underground water pollution A. B. Barati 1,*, A. Hekmat 1, M. Zendehdel 2, H. Alikhani 2 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arak, P.O. Box 38139-879, Arak, Iran 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Arak, Arak, P.O. Box 38156-879, Arak, Iran *(E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Production of agriculture products is significantly depended on water and fertilizers. Nitrogen which is existed in fertilizers is one the most important nutrient for plants growing. However, nitrogen washes in form of nitrate in farms leads to pollution of underground water. Slow or controlled release of fertilizer technology can be appropriate solution of this problem and can decrease environmental pollution considerably. In this method by leaching of active substances underground water pollution is prevented. In addition nutrient is delivered to plant root gradually. In this research by synthesis of zeolite Nano-Composite with acrylate structure release behavior of potassium nitrate as a fertilizer have been studied. Since using nano-particle can leads to increase water adsorption and improve release behavior in system, Y-type Nano-Zeolite is used as the dispersed component. Various amounts of acrylate monomers have been studied. Finally, advantages of this technology and prevention of surface/underground water pollution are investigated. Keywords: Control Release, Nano Zeolite, Nano Composite, Pollution

Y 260 Z

10231-O Application of an innovative induced gas flotation (IGF) system for oil-water separation at oil production sites S. M. Borghei 1, 3, F. Nadim2, R. Mastouri3* 1

Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA (E-mail: [email protected]) 3 Department of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran * (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Petroleum industry is a major source of oily wastewater. If cleanup goal is protection of the environment by application of offshore/onshore environmental discharge regulations, relying on conventional gravity-based systems such as API (American Petroleum Institute), CPI (Coalescing Plate Interceptor) and skimmer tanks are not advised. Currently the flotation process is attracting much attention for produced water cleanup due to its high separation efficiency, low capital investment and low operational costs. Meanwhile, Induced Gas Flotation (IGF) process is preferred to other flotation devices such as Dissolved Gas Flotation (DGF) systems because of its small footprint and high efficiency. In this article, the results of an innovative IGF pilot plant for the treatment of synthetic produced water resembling the Kharg Island oil refinery/ terminal produced water which contains an average oil content of 150 mg/l and total dissolved solids (TDS) up to 300 g/l are presented. The results of the innovative IGF system (which could be referenced as the first pilot plant IGF system in Iran), showed that oil removal efficiencies up to 90% is reachable in high temperature (100oC) in just a single flotation cell without adding any chemicals such as flotation aids. This process however meets Kuwait Convention concerning marine pollution resulting from exploration and exploitation of the continental shelf for Persian Gulf area when followed by one or two other flotation cells in series as usually is performed in oilfield installations. Keywords: Induced Gas Flotation (IGF), Oily Wastewater, Power Consumption, Produced Water. Y 261 Z

10232-P East of Isfahan wastewater treatment plant value engineering A.Jalalzadeh-Fard1, M.Mohseni1 1

Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering Company, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: jalalzadeh @ mahabghodss.com; [email protected]) Abstract Isfahan, a city in the centre of Iran, has had an old municipal sewer system for more than 30 years. The development of municipal sewer system as well as constructing its 20 km concrete piping transmission line to the waste water treatment plant has been under construction. The treatment plant has been designed for a population of 1.5 million people and its contract has been awarded to a general contractor. The owner, Isfahan Water and Waste Water Company, requested a value-engineering consultant to review the project in order to reduce the cost of the project while improving the quality of the design. This paper explains the procedure of value analysis that was performed by the consultant. Value engineering of the project resulted the improving of quality in design and also reducing the cost of project by 250,000 dollars. Thus, the return of investment of value analysis study is estimated to be about 50:1 which implies that for spending one dollar for value analysis the saving in the project’s cost is 50 dollar. Keywords: Value Engineering, Wastewater Treatment, Value Index, Stabilization Pond

Y 262 Z

10233-O Full scale performance of compost`s leachate treatment by biological anaerobic filters N. Mokhtarani1, A. Bayatfard 2, B. Mokhtarani 3 1

Deartment of Civil Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box 14155-143, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Jahesh Kimia Co., P.O.Box 13445-1381, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: bayatfard.eng@gmail. com) 3 Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O.Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract A very wide range of treatment processes have been applied to leachate treatment with varying success. The aim of this research was to examine the performance of two anaerobic biological filters in a new full scale leachate treatment plant in Rasht composting facility, north of Iran. The studied plant was operated during nearly 12 month and treats up to 50 m3/d of fresh compost leachate. The average COD and BOD5 of raw leachate was measured to be 81000 and 39000 mg/l respectively. 30% of effective volume of each reactor was filled with the clay blocks with specific area of 87 m2/m3 as the fixed bed. The sequencing of reactors was down flow and up flow respectively. Removal of COD was in average 85% and of BOD5 approx. 89% indicating good degradation of biodegradable organic matter. The maximum COD removal efficiency of 91% was achieved with 4.5 kgCOD/m3.d of organic loading rate and 7500 mg/.l of VSS. There was no significant difference in COD removal efficiency when the reactors were operated with organic load between 2 and 5 kg COD/m3.d. Increasing of volumetric organic loading rate above 6 kg COD/m3.d caused considerable reduction of COD removal efficiency. COD removal efficiency reached to less than 70% when organic load rising to 10.8 kg COD/m3.d. Nevertheless, biological filter proved to be a feasible technique for the treatment of the composting leachate under study, and it can be considered as a suitable treatment for this type of wastewaters. Keywords: Anaerobic Filter, Composting, Fixed Bed, Leachate Treatment.

Y 263 Z

10234-P Investigation of leachate aerobic treatability in Mashhad's landfill and compost facility E. Safari1, M Jalili Ghazizade1,* 1

Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O.Box 14155-6135, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected])

Abstract Utilizing of biological methods in leachate treatment has high efficiency especially for organic matters removing. So investigation of removable amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) or Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) which are leachate organic pollutants indicators is necessary. In this research leachate samples of Mashhad's landfill and compost facility were analyzed for determining of aerobic treatability. For this purpose, BOD test method was used to estimate aerobic reaction kinetic. The test shows that the average of aerobic reaction kinetic coefficient for landfill and compost facility leachate is 0.216 and 0.28 per day respectively. Results reveal that decomposition rate of landfill leachate with low BOD concentration is less than compost facility leachate. Thus findings indicate that high efficiency aerobic methods (e. g. activated sludge and aerobic filters) can reduce the leachate organic load (especially for old landfill leachate) to delimited amount and then complimentary processes (e. g. physical methods like membrane processes) must be employed for leachate treatment. Keywords: Kinetic Coefficient, Leachate, Treatability.

Y 264 Z

10236-O Development of a novel nano composite adsorbent for removal of toxic heavy metals from aqueous solutions A.Tayebi1, A. R. Khanchi2*, M. Outokesh1, M. Azad Mousavi3, S. J. Ahmadi2, F.Grayeli1, A. Kianpisheh2 1

Department of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran 2 NFCRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran 3 Faculties of Nuclear Engineering, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran (* Email addresses: [email protected]) Abstract A novel microspherical nanocomposite adsorbent was developed by immobilization of MCM-41 nano silicate in the bio-polymeric matrix of calcium alginate. Distribution coefficients (Kd) of some metal ions were determined for the nanocomposite and its alginate analogue. The results of Kd values revealed that the new adsorbent has high affinity for adsorption of lead, uranium, strontium and cadmium compared with alginate. The kinetics of uranium uptake was estimated by a stirred reactor and the data were fitted with the pseudo second order kinetics model. Keywords: Mcm-41, Nano Composite, Sodium Alginate, Toxic Elements

Y 265 Z

10239-P Selective sorption of Co2+ and Pb2+ ions on a novel heteropolyacid-based inorganic ion exchanger S. J. Ahmadi 1, S. Attar Nosrati 1,2,*, F. Mohammadi Zonoz 2 1

Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Fuel cycle School, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Faculty of Chemistry, Damghan University of Basic Science, Damghan, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract In this study distribution characteristics of a novel amorphous cation-exchanger for 10 metal ions have been studied. The values obtained for distribution coefficient had shown that the material is selective for Pb2+ and Co2+ ions being the potential contaminant in certain industrial effluents. On the basis of Kd values, important and analytically difficult quantitative binary separations of Co2+-Ni2+ and Pb2+-Ni2+ have been successfully achieved on the column of this ion exchanger. Regeneration of the ion exchanger shows that it losses only 25% of its original capacity. Keywords: Cation-Exchanger, Distribution Coefficient, Binary Separation.

Y 266 Z

10240-P Study on removal of reactive blue 19 by adding Poly Aluminium chloride to SBR system S. Mehrali, M. R. Alavi Moghaddam, H. Hashemi Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Abstract Reactive dyes have been identified as problematic compounds especially in textile industries wastewater. These dyes are water soluble and cannot be easily removed by conventional aerobic biological treatment systems. The main objective of this study is to evaluate removal efficiency of reactive blue 19 in aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process by adding poly aluminium chloride (PACl). In this study, five SBR were used and PACl was added to the reactors in concentrations of 0, 1, 5, 15 and 30 mg-Al/L (R1 to R5) after filling periods. The biological seed was collected from one of the wastewater treatment plants in Tehran (Gheytarieh WWTP) and was acclimatized for 10 days and then operated for 45 days (normal operation). Dye concentration in influent was selected to be 40 mg/L for all reactors. Effluent turbidity and suspended solids (SS), color and COD removal efficiency and main sludge characteristics including MLSS, MLVSS, and SVI were measured in all reactors. All necessary experiments were measured according to the standard methods. The color removal efficiency during the period of the normal operation had a lot of fluctuations. However, in all reactors, the averages of color removal efficiencies were more than 52%. On the other hand, the maximum and minimum color removal efficiencies were %66 and % 52 in R3 and R4, respectively. Adding of PACl has not any significant effects on the COD removal efficiency. More details will be presented in full paper. Keywords: Biologial Treatment, Sequencing Batch Reactor, Reactive Dye, Poly Aluminium Chloride (Pacl).

Y 267 Z

10241-O Removal of Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution onto Pomegranate Peel E. Karimyan1, H. Dashtian2, S. Farhadi3 1

Sharif University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) 3 Institute of Petroleum Engineering (IPT), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract In this study, Metal ions removal by pomegranate peel was investigated. This is the first time which pomegranate peel is used as a biosorbent for removal of metal ions such as Cu (II), Zn (II), Pb (II) and Cr (II). Experiments were carried out in a batch system as a function of initial PH, initial metal ions concentration and temperature. The adsorption capacity were highest at solution pH range 5–6 for Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb(II) and 6-7 for Cr(II). The sorption capacity of pomegranate peel increased as the initial metal ions concentrations and temperature increased. The negative values of Gibbs free energy (ΔG) indicates feasible and spontaneous nature of the adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II) and Cr(II) onto pomegranate peel and the positive values of enthalpy change (ΔH) suggested the endothermic nature of the adsorption process. The sorption data were subjected to different sorption isotherms and the results verified that Langmuir isotherm is the best model to be applied. An appropriate correlation coefficient was obtained using the pseudo-secondorder kinetic model, suggesting that sorption process onto pomegranate peel tend to follow second-order kinetics. Key words: Metal Ions Removal, Pomegranate Peel, Langmuir Isotherm, Endothermic

Y 268 Z

10242-P Purification of prouduct emulsion using Bacilus subtillis bacteria by Iron magnetite Nanoparticles biofunctional for oil waste water treatment S. Abedini1, P. Chamanrokh2, 3, Gh. Amoabediny*2, 3 1

Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, (E-mail:[email protected]) 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, P.O.Box: 11365-4563, Tehran, Iran, (E- mail: [email protected]) 3 Research Institute of Petroleum Industries, Refining Division, P.O.Box: 14665-1998, Tehran, Iran Abstract: Surfactants as an industrial material have attracted great deal of attention in recent years. Subsequently, a number of experimental biotechnology surfactants material prepared by using of many microorganism emulsion used in petroleum and petrochemical industry for oil and grease wastewater treatment this polysaccharide with covalent coupled α, β decanoid acid. In this research we have study Purification of this biosurfactant using biofunctional Iron magnetite Nano particles. Keywords: Waste Water, Emulsion, Biotechnology, Nano Particle, Biosurfactant.

Y 269 Z

10243-O Study of removal Pb from industry waste water by magnetite iron nanoparticles S. Abedini1, Gh. Amoabediny*2, 3, Gh. Nabi Bidhendi1, R. Alizadeh4 1

Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmen, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, (E-mail:[email protected]) 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, P.O.Box: 11365-4563, Tehran, Iran, (E- mail: [email protected]) 3 Research Institute of Petroleum Industries, Refining Division, P.O.Box: 14665-1998, Tehran, Iran 4 Islamic Azad University, Center of Advanced Science and Reserch (CAST), Tehran, Iran (E-mail:[email protected]) Abstract: Lead is one of heavy metals and this toxic metal has more application in several industry namely such as, battery manufacture, tetraethyl lead manufacture, armament and paint manufacture. This wastewaters are more toxic and they vacate are more hazardous for environment. In this study beneficial of magnetite iron nano particles pollution of lead decreased up to standard (0.5ppm), and by alteration of chemical and physical parameters determined foremost term for adsorption of lead namely: concentration of magnetite iron nano particles, temperature, concentration of lead ion to adsorption and designed Freundlich and Langmuir diagrams. Keywords: Removal of Lead, Battery, Magnetite Iron, Nano Particles, Heavy Metal

Y 270 Z

10244-O Assessment of arsenic removal using a coupled method of phytoremediation and membrane filtration M. Karamouz1, J. Campanaro2, M.Taheriyoun3 1

School of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) 2 Polytechnic Institute of New York University, NY, USA 3 Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract Heavy metal contamination of drinking water has caused many health problems around the world. Therefore investigation of new technologies with higher efficiency and economical feasibility will be very useful. In this study, a new method of Arsenic removal consisting of microfilteration and ultrafilteration combining with phytoremediation is presented. The approach is to feed the contaminated source water into a membrane system and the concentrate or reject waste accumulated on the upstream side of the membrane is sent to the phytoremediation system. Data has been gathered from a study in Southern Thailand where Arsenic has been the main contamination in the groundwater. The results show the significance value of the proposed method to remove heavy metals from drinking water which is economically advantageous especially in developing countries. Keywords: Membrane Filtration, Phytoremediation, Arsenic, Drinking Water

Y 271 Z

10245-P Aquifer vulnerability assessment using the DRASTIC model and GIS at Zanjan Plain, northwast Iran P. Abdinejad (Email:[email protected]) Abstract Sustainable development requires the management and preservation of water resources indispensable for all human activities. Groundwater is inherently susceptible to contamination from anthropogenic activities and remediation is very difficult and expensive. Prevention of contamination is hence critical in effective groundwater management. In this paper an attempt has been made to assess aquifer vulnerability at the Zanjan Plain. This disposal site is placed at the most important aquifer in Zanjan Province. The area is strongly vulnerable to pollution due to the presence of intensive agricultural activity, the solid waste disposal site and industries. Increasing groundwater demand makes the protection of the aquifer from pollution crucial. Physical and hydrogeological haracteristics make the aquifer susceptible to pollution. The vulnerability of groundwater to contamination in the study area was quantified using the DRASTIC model and GIS. DRASTIC is an acronym for the variables that control the groundwater pollution potential (Depth to water, net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of the vadose zone, and Conductivity of the aquifer). Using such an approach allows one to investigate the potential for groundwater contamination on a regional, rather than site-specific, scale. Based upon data from variables such as soil permeability, depth to water, aquifer hydraulic conductivity, and topography, subjective numerical weightings have been assigned according to the variable’s relative importance in regional groundwater quality.The weights for each variable comprise a GIS map layer.These map layers are combined to formulate the final groundwater pollution potential map. The calculated DRASTIC index number indicates a moderate pollution potential for the study area Keywords: Groundwater, DRASTIC, GIS, Pollution Potential, Zanjan Province, Iran

Y 272 Z

10246-O Study of arsenic adsorption in water using nanostructure FeOMC S. Abedini1,*, R. Alizadeh2 1

Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (E- mail:[email protected]) 2 Islamic Azad University Center of Advanced Science and Reserch (CAST), Tehran, Iran (E- mail:[email protected]) Abstract We have used nanostructure FeOMC (nano carbon mesoperose with Iron) to study the adsorption isotherms of as at several temperatures ranging from 80 to 100K. Adsorption coverage of as, and binding energy were calculated (FeOMC synthesis by our team) at different temperatures.the results indicated that FeOMC camn be used as an ideal as adsorption material. The surface coverage or total amount of Arsenic adsorbed on FeOMC is between 90-95 percent. Keywords: Feomc, As Removal, Adsorption, Water Treatment.

Y 273 Z

10247-O A new functionalized resin and its application in flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of trace amounts of heavy metal ions after solid phase extraction in water samples N. Nezamabadi 1,*, M. Rabani 1 , H. Ahmad Panahi 2 1

Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran branch,Tehran, Iran (E-mail: *[email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch,Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract A new chelating resin was synthesized by functionalization of a polymer support, Amberlite XAD-4 with salicylic acid through an azo linkage (─N=N─). The products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The optimum conditions for the extraction of Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) in aqueous samples were studied by batch. The determination of the metal ions was carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Their sorption equilibrium was reached within 30 min. The preconcentraion factor was 100 for a 500ml sample volume. The sorbed metal ions were eluted by 0.5M HNO3(5ml) within 10min with the desorption recovery of ≥90%. The new method gave a good accuracy in batch system with the recovery of ≥93% for the extraction of all metal ions and R. S. D. Less than 1.36% ( n=5). Keyword: Amberlite XAD-4, Extraction, Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Metal Ions, Preconcentraion Factor

Y 274 Z

10249-P Laboratory Investigation of sewage microbial pollutant transmission from sewage sludge as organic fertilizers in two different soils N. Nikamal Larijani1, M. Mashal1, A. Hassan Oghli2, A. Liyaghat3, M. Elahi1 University of Tehran, Aboreyhan Cumpus, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Agriculture Technical and Engineering Institute, Tehran, Iran 3 University of Tehran, Karaj Agriculture, Tehran, Iran Abstract Surplus and incorrect use of the organic manure cause some pollutants in manures enter to the drained runoff of irrigation water and, therefore, by entering to drainage network cause the pollution of groundwater. Microbial pathogen are important factors which can be transmitted in soils and develop the pollutions. Sewage sludge is one of organic fertilizers which are used by farmers. Various criteria are used to predict the presence of microbial factors. The most of them is to count number of coli forms which enable us to indicate the quantity and possibility of transmission of pollutions. In order to determine the transmitted rate of pollutions; a set-up of plastic circular barrel lysimeters are used in laboratory. Sewage sludge as organic manure are used on top of the soils by 35 tone/ha. Three samples of drained water after irrigating the soils obtained from each lysimeter by 10-1 dilution based on pore volume. Taking sample was done for three times irrigation in total. The interval time was one week from each other. Then fermentation 15 -tubes standard method tests are carried out. The result is presented in tabular form. Result showed that the transmitted pollution rate (coliform) due to applying sewage sludge as fertilizer in loam soil is more than silt loam. Furthermore, pollution rate in first week was less than third week for both. In other word, increase in pollution is increased by time. Keyword: Coliform, Organic Manure, Sewage Sludge, Silt Loam, Soil Pollution, Water Pollution.

Y 275 Z

10251-P A study of methods for eliminating Cr (VI) from industrial waste & employing the electrochemical method in the optimum A. Elsagh, A. Mesbah, N. Shokouhi, S. Mofavvav Faculty of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Cr (VI) is a major pollutant, which enters the environmental cycle & endangers both the environment & man. Many methods have been employed to eliminate it from industrial wastes. Such methods include reverse osmosis, electro dialysis & ion transfer, which very costly. We have considered an electrochemical method which does not require any chemical compounds. After choosing the method for eliminating Cr (VI) the following parameters where optimized for a 600 ml solution of electrolyte. Optimum current: 300 mA for 75 min in constant current method. Optimum potential: 3.5 V for 60 min in constant potential method. Agitation effects reduce time by 15 min. optimum temperature: 25ْC. optimum pH: 5 .cathode: 316 steel, with dimensions of 5×10 cm. anode: platinum bar of 2×40 mm size. Distance between electrodes: it had no effect in the constant potential method, but reducing the distance was better in the constant current method. Cathode width: no effect in constant current method, but reducing the width was better in the constant potential method. We found the constant method to be superior because it is not effect by medium parameters such as pH & electrode separation. it is possible to reduce Cr(VI) concentrations from 100 ppm to less then 1 ppm, resulting in an efficiency of 100% ,using an electrolysis bath of 1 m3, current of 500 A for a time of 1 hr. Key words: Cr (VI), Industrial Waste, Eliminating, Electrochemical

Y 276 Z

10252-P Synthesis of vertically aligned carbon nanotube films on porous alumina substrates M. Ahmadzadeh Tofighy*, A. Pak, T. Mohammadi. Research Centre for Membrane Separation Processes, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran. Abstract In this paper, growth of vertically aligned dence carbon nanotube films on uncoated macroporous -alumina supports using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is reported. Synthesis process involves coevaporation of cyclohexanol as carbon precursor and ferrocene as catalyst, in a nitrogen atmosphere in a high temperature furnace. The morphology and structure of carbon nanotubes grown on alumina substrates were characterized by SEM and TEM analysis. The vertically aligned carbon nanotube filmes, supported on adequate porouse substrates, can offer potential applications as membranes in a number of new saparation processes. Desalination, commonly performed via reverse osmosis, needs semipermeable membranes, requires large amounts of pressure and is quite expensive. Carbon nanotubes membranes can be used for desalination and demineralization processes. The smooth inner walls of nanotubes allow liquid to flow through, while the irultra-tiny pore size keeps out larger molecules. This reduces pressure requirements and saves energy and costs compared to reverse osmosis. The synthesized carbon nanotube membranes were effectively employed for desalination process. Keywords: Carbon Nanotube, Carbon Nanotube Membrane, Desalination

Y 277 Z

10255-P Comparison of ANN and principal component analysis-multivariate linear regression models for predicting the river flow based on developed discrepancy ratio statistic M. Pashazade*, R.Noori. Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Abstract: Predicting the stream flow is one of the most important steps in the water resources management. In order to, artificial neural networks (ANNs) is suggested and applied for this purpose by many of researchers. In such studies for verification and comparison of ANNs results usually the popular methods such as multivariate linear regression (MLR) is used. Unfortunately, the presented methodology in some researches is faced with some problems. Thus, in this paper we have tried to find out the deficiencies of them and subsequently to present a correct the MLR methodology based on principal component analysis (PCA) for prediction of monthly stream flow. Then, assessment of different training functions on ANN operation is investigated and the best training function for optimizing the ANN parameters is selected. Afterward, the imperfections of the discrepancy ration (DR) statistic are remedied and a proper DR statistic is developed. Finally, the error distribution for testing stage of MLR and ANN models calculated by using developed DR statistic. The results of comparison showed that the presented methodology in this research improved the MLR operation. Also, comparing with the MLR, the ANN model possesses satisfactory predicting performance. Keywords: Multivariate Linear Regression, Artificial Neural Networks, Monthly Flow, Developed Discrepancy Ratio Statistic, Statistic

Y 278 Z

10257-P Study of effected dyeing waste water in to under ground and surface water (Case study: Najafabad, Tiran and Karvan small provinces in Iran) S. Hajehforosh Nia1*, S. R. Daniali 2 1

Environmental Science, Science and Research Branch Ahvaz, Iran (Email:[email protected]) 2 Environment Department Najafabad, Tiran and Karvan Towns, Isfahan, Iran (Email:[email protected]) Abstract: In recent with growing of population and abuse of human from natural resources, we see a lot of environmental problem and environmental critical. So this subject cased the expert concerns and focus decision maker to solve this problem. Unfortunately with enter a lot of capacity of no purification industrial waste to surface and underground water observed a pollution and abuse of water. Najafabad, Tiran and Karvan small provinces are near the Ghamishloo Natural Park (protected area) so for this subject nature and human environment have a special conditions, unfortunately with establishing the small town and industrial region irreparable hurt to environment. This research and study for about 2006 until 2007 shows a volume dyeing waste water that enters and discharge to Najafabad small town environ without refinement. In this study examine a volume and degree of dyeing waste water pollution on the case study. So in this research examine the best and useful method for decreasing and discharging of pollution for the best result. Getting educational courts and enounced the industrial owner and cooperation between organism and department is the best way Keywords: Dyeing Underground Water

Waste

Water,

Refinement,

Y 279 Z

Waste,

Surface,

10258-P The elimination of biologic problems due to heavy metals contaminants in wastewater by biosurfactant M. Rezvani1, S. Jokari2, H. Rashedi2,*, GH. Amoabediny2, M. Mazaheri asadi3, M. Ghavami1 1

Department of Food Industry Engineering, Azad University of Tehran, Science & Research Branch, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; *[email protected]; [email protected]) 3 Biotechnology Center, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract Wastewater pollution has always been a major problem throughout the world. One of these pollutants is heavy metals that badly effect human health. Some heavy metals are toxic and the cause of many human diseases: lung cancer, nervous, abnormal baby, etc. Many techniques for removal heavy metals in wastewater have been used in the world that among them, the conventional physicochemical methods are applied widely, such as precipitation, absorption, ion exchange and complex formation, etc. Despite effective processes, these methods are costly because of high cost of equipment and materials. The usage of metal chelating agents has been proposed but they are not environmentally compatible. An alternative compound for removal of metals from wastewater is biosurfactant, which is a nontoxic microbial surfactant known for its ability to complex metals. These compounds are biodegradable molecules and therefore, utilization of them can protect the environment. This research investigates the role of biosurfactants to eliminate the toxic metals. Keywords: Biosurfactant, Heavy metal, Wastewater

Y 280 Z

10259-P Examination of bad environmental effects of heavy metals from Esfahan steel companys sewage on Zayandeh Rood River and its surrounding environment S. R. Daniali1*, S. Hajehforosh Nia2, F. Mohamadi Aidoghmish 1

Department of Environment Najafabad, Tiran and Karvan Towns, Isfahan, Iran (Email:[email protected]) 2 Environmental Science, Science And Research Branch Ahvaz, Iran (Email:[email protected]) 3 Department of Environment, Tiran and Karvan Towns, Isfahan, Iran (Email: [email protected])

Abstract Nowadays, in the path of reaching a better technology and more welfare, mankind is led to a direction in which several dangerous materials are threatening his life and ruining his environment. Heavy metals as a small part with a high affectivity on environments in air, soil and specially water, which nowadays their concentration in environment with development of industries is increased and their mal effects on humans health and environment has been noticed by scientists. Whereas sewage of some industries contains amounts of heavy metals, and with their entrance without any filtration to environment, have several bad effects on environment. In present article Esfahan steel company has been choose as a typical study, in which in addition of collecting information from outgoing sewage, it is tried to examine mal environmental effects of heavy metals resulted from unwise repelling of industrial sewage of mentioned industry, and adequate solutions like omission and control of heavy metals, decrease or removing heavy metals of industrial sewage and, can be pointed. Keywords: Esfahan Steel Company, Heavy Metals, Environmental Effects, Sewage

Y 281 Z

10261-P Evaluate the satisfaction rate of micro and nano filter utilization in Iran M. Haji Sotoudeh*, Norouz. Zavareh Power and Water University of Technology (PWUT) (Email: [email protected]) Abstract Some of Iranian water supply companies have begun to use the nano and micro filters in their water supply units. Regarding the effect of this technology to cost of projects (reducing the surface of purification sites and quality of obtained water); it seems that using this material will be in progression. Iran is a vast country with a relative low population per square kilometer. In other hand the quality and source of water is very different from one region to another. The technical knowledge from one to another region is variable. So it is essential that see if this kind of service is reliable and convenient or no? We will divide the category of regions, to small middle and grand surface area or population. We will collect the data from different region for seeing if the project has good and satisfactory results or no regarding its category. The conclusion will show the efficiency of this new service, regarding the technical situation of region. Keywords: Filter, Purification Station, Nano-Filter, Micro-Filter, Waste Water

Y 282 Z

10262-P Extraction of strontium from aqueous solution by ion exchange M. Hafizi1, H. Abolghasemi 2,*, S. Alamdar Milani 3 1

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O.Box 11365-4563, Tehran, Iran *(E-mail: [email protected]) 3 Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Science Research School, P.O.Box 14893-836, Tehran, Iran. Abstract In this study, strontium extraction with different resins from sulfuric acid solutions has been investigated. The extraction of strontium from aqueous solution can be achieved by adding a dowex50w cation exchange resin to the aqueous solution. Dowex50W-X8 with 200 - 400 mesh extracted 93.89% of Strontium from sulfuric acid solutions, at the ambient temperature. The effect of pH, temperature, mass of resin and concentration of interfering ions to optimize the conditions of using Dowex50W-X8 for removing strontium from aqueous solutions has been evaluated. The kinetics models of the sorption were analyzed using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. The data showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was more appropriate for this system. Stripping experiments were also conducted with different stripping reagents independently. Keywords: Dowex50W, Ion Exchange, Kinetic, Resin, Strontium Extraction

Y 283 Z

10263-P Solvent extraction of strontium from aqueous solution by crown ethers M. Hafizi1, H. Abolghasemi 1,*, S. Alamdar Milani 3 1

School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O.Box 11365-4563Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; *[email protected]) 3 Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Science Research School, P.O.Box 14893-836, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract In this study, strontium extraction with different crown ethers from sulfuric acid solutions has been investigated. The extraction of strontium from aqueous solution can be achieved by adding crown ether to the organic solution and picric acid to the aqueous solution. Strontium was extracted from sulfuric acid solutions with efficiency of 99.91%, at the ambient temperature. The effect of pH, picric acid concentration, crown ether concentration, time, different crown ethers and diluents, initial concentration of strontium and concentration of interfering ions to optimize the conditions of using crown ether for removing strontium from aqueous solutions has been evaluated. The influence of crown ether and picric acid concentration on DSr disclosed the mechanism of extraction. Stripping experiments were also conducted with different stripping reagents independently. Keywords: Crown Ethers, Dicyclohexano 18-Crown-6, Mechanism, Solvent Extraction, Strontium Extraction

Y 284 Z

10264-P New reactor construction for photocatalytic wastewater treatment S. Amirmohammadi Sorkhabi*, M. A. Behnajady, N. Modirshahla, M. Shokri. Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran Abstract Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are attractive alternativees to non-destructive physical water treatment processes, such as adsorption on activated carbon, flocculation and electrocoagulation, air stripping or desorption and membrane processes. The last techniques merely transport contaminants from one phase to another causing secondary pollution and requiring further treatment, whereas AOPs are able to mineralize aqueous organic contaminants. From chemical, economical and ecotoxicological point of view, the ideal process must be able to destroy any organic pollutant to non-toxic and ubiquitous substances by its total oxidation. Among the AOPs, combination of a semiconductor such as metal oxides (TiO2, ZnO and Fe2O3) and metal sulfides (CdS and ZnS) as photocatalysts with UV light can be used for degradation of a wide range of organic contaminants. Since photocatalysis are often applied as slurry, hence, the separation of photocatalyst particles from its aqueous suspensions represents a serious problem for practical engineering. Therefore, a key technique for simple applications seems to be the preparation of immobilized photoctalyst coatings on different substances without loss of photocatalytic activity. Unfortunately little attention has been diverted to design continuous-flow photoreactor with immobilized photocatalyst on a solid surface. In this work, we have described the performance of a tubular continuous –flow photoreactor with immobilized TiO2 catalyst by heat attachment method on glass plate.The novel photoreactor comprises six quartz tubes, which were connected by means of transparent rubber tubes from the top to the bottom. There is only one UV lamp, which was placed in the center of quartz tubes. Glass plates loaded with TiO2 were inserted in each quartz tubes. Keywords: Wastewater Treatment, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs), Continuous-Flow Photoreactor, Photocatalytic Degradation

Y 285 Z

10265-P Predicting BOD5 exist of domestic wastewater treatment plan by using artificial neural network S. J. ghaderi*1, S. Z. Naghadeh 1 1,*

Mahabad Open University, Mahabad, Iran

Abstract: Saving water as a very precious capital and resource is very important. Iran, being situated in a dry and semi-dry region and due to water supply shortages in one hand, and for its in creasing population in other hand, will encounter water halter, and recycling sewagesystems and returning it into hydrological cycle is of high significance. Using mathematical models, similar patterns and computer programs are expected to be issues of predicting. But in issues pertaining to neural resources, to choose the models to be closed to the river basin as for as possible would be and is a difficult case. In recent years, there has been a great tendency to use and apply artificial networks in anticipating hydrological models. These networks are parallel processors which save and transfer the input data to network structure during learning. In this study, MATLAB software has been used for predicting BOD5 exite of wastewater treatment plan in Miyandowab city and BOD5 and discharge input data. The used network was of Multi Layer Perceptron with Back Propugation learning rule. The obtained results of used model, according to (R square) and (R mse) error coefficient indicate high accuracty of Neural Network in predicting BOD5 exit of domestic wastewater. Keywords: BOD5, Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plan ,Artificial Neural Network, Multi Layer Perceptron ,Back Propagation.

Y 286 Z

10267-P Evaluation of improving method for PET production process effluent treatment system N. Mouloodzade*, M. Fazeli, S. J. Hashemian, M. T. Jafarzade Univrsity of Power and Water Industry (Abaspoor), Tehran, Iran Abstract Shahid Tondguyan petrochemical company has been built in accordance with market demand increasing for a kind of polymer product that named PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and production of PTA (pure terephthalic acid) which will be produced from CTA (crud terephthalic acid) via purification process. According to PET production process in worldwide and because of existing big amount of valuable heavy metal in effluent stream especially in waste water from CTA unit, in Mahshahr Specific Economic Zone, only this factory has his own specific waste water unit. According to this waste water unit design specifications, treated waste water from this unit is usable for irrigation, gardening and grassing but because of extra quantity and worse quality and frequencies of the influent wastewater to waste water unit compare to design condition, various problems in this treatment unit have been accorded. In this research, quality parameters of influent wastewater to treatment unit in real scale have been evaluated and compared with design values, and produced fluctuation because of real condition and its effect on efficiency of various treatment units has been reviewed. Results show that significant problems in this wastewater treatment unit is related to the wastewater stream from PTA unit that affects on the performance of treatment units therefore treated waste water pollutant parameters is out of the design margin and environmental standards. For reducing the exist problems effect, some changes were taken in mentioned wastewater treatment system and results show that with using the suggested offers, some improvement was caught and some offer and suggestions have been provided for the future continued studies. Keywords: PET, PTA, Effluent, Treatment, Fluctuation

Y 287 Z

10268-O Evaluation of blocking mechanism in oily wastewater from refinery processes treatment using ultrafiltration A. Gheshlaghi, S. S. Madaeni, F. Rekabdar, H. Salahe Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Investigations have been done to specify the mechanisms of membrane blocking for UF PAN and UF GRM, based on constant pressure filtration law and Hermia’s hypothesis. This paper presents the performances of UF PAN and GRM polymeric membranes with hydrophilic surface using synthetic feed and wastewater effluent of API unit in refinery’s processes. A comparison was made under optimum operating condition in a laboratory scale system in cross flow mode. After correlating the experimental results with the models data, the mechanisms of blocking were elucidated. The mechanism for UF PAN is intermediate blocking at the beginning of filtration ,however, then changes to cake model at the end of filtration. The mechanism for UF GRM is a combination of pore blocking and standard blocking from the beginning of filtration and cake model at the end of filtration, SEM image of membrane cross-section and surface can help us in making the final decision about the actual mechanism of blockage. Keywords: Oily, Wastewater, Ultrafiltration, Permeationflux, Fouling

Y 288 Z

10269-P Synthesis of novel microcapsules containing DEHPA / TOPO and its adsorption behavior towards samarium and gadolinium E.Delrish1, A.R.khanchi2*, KH.Kalateh1, S.J.Ahmadi2, M.Outokesh3, A.Tayyebi3, B.Mianji2 1

Shayrerey Azad University, Faculties of Chemistry, Tehran, Iran 2 NFCRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran 3 Department of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (*Email addresses: [email protected]) Abstract In the present study, new microcapsules with biopolymer matrix containing D2EHPA/TOPO extractant was synthesized under definite condition. It was characterized by thermogravimetry (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Average size of microcapsules was estimated around 500µm. The result of TG showed that the microcapsules is stable until 150 °C. The adsorption study for both ions was performed under various conditions. It was found that microcapsules had high affinity towards Sm and Gd. .The results showed that the adsorption isotherm was in good agreement with freundlich and langmuir equations. The kinetic data obtained by the experiments showed that it follows a pseudo second order reaction and according to the shrinking core model, the chemical reaction is the rate controlling step.

Y 289 Z

10270-P Application of nanotechnology in recovery of metals from industrial waste waters H. Salami Shahrood Univesity of Technology, Shahrood, Iran Abstract Metals are discharged to the environment by several industries such as mining, metallurgy, electronic, tanning, nuclear engineering, electroplating and metal finishing. The removal of metals is of critical importance due to their high toxicity and tendency to accumulate in living organisms. Recently some nanotechnology methods have been emerged for determination and recovery of metal pollutants in these industries. This paper aims at providing an overview of application of above mentioned methods for reuse of metal-involving industrial waste waters in three categories: nanofilters, nanoparticles and nanosensors. Keywords: Metal Pollutants, Nanofiltration, Nanosensor, Nanoparticle, Industrial Waste Water

Y 290 Z

10271-P Treatment of oily wastewater from refinery processes by polymeric membrane filtration A. Gheshlaghi*, S. S. Madaeni, F. Rekabdar, H. Salahe Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, (E-mail: [email protected]) Abstract Oily wastewater is produced in oil refining processes. This waste is usually treated by a number of physical, chemical and biological techniques in water treatment units of oil refinery, before being disposed in environment or reused as agricultural water. One of the treatment techniques used for oil separation from wastewater is membrane filtration. This paper presents the performances of UF GRM and PAN polymeric membranes with hydrophilic surface using synthetic feed and wastewater effluent of API unit in refinery’s processes. A comparison was made under optimum operating condition in a laboratory scale system in cross flow mode. The effective parameters (i.e. pressure and cross-flow velocity) on flux and rejection were investigated. In order to determine the optimum operating conditions, a 0.3% gas-oil in water emulsion was employed as synthetic feed. The flux of UF GRM membrane for real feed within the first two hours of filtration was low compared to synthetic feed due to the presence of solid and colloidal particles in the real feed. The oil rejection (around 99%) for synthetic feed was higher compared to real feed. Similar trend was found for both UF PAN and GRM membranes. Keywords: Membrane, Wastewater, Ultrafiltration, Fouling, Oil

Y 291 Z

10272-P Synthesis of hydrophilic chelating copolymers for removal of toxic and heavy metal ions containing water and wastewaters P. Najafi Moghadam*, S. Jalali, K. Akbari Dilmaghani, M. A. Babazadeh Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Abstract With growing pressures on water resources and the increase in toxic pollutants entering reservoirs, rivers and groundwater, the supply of high-quality potable water and treatment of wastewater to regulatory standards present unique challenges for water authorities during the coming years. A specific concern is the presence of toxic transition and heavy metals such as copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and mercury. We systematically synthesized hydrophilic matrix copolymers network using Acrylamide, hydroxy ethylmetacrylate and ethylene bis-acrylamide (EBAA) or propylene bis acrylaime (PBAA) by the radical suspension copolymerization method. The ethylene bis-acrylamide (EBAA) or propylene bis acrylaime (PBAA) as a crrosslinking agent with functional groups were synthesized from ethylene diamine and propylene diamine with acryloyl chloride in good yield. The prepared copolymers are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption of Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions on a copolymers network was studied in aqueous solutions. Keywords: Treatment of Wastewater, Heavy Metals, Radical Suspension Copolymerization Ethylene Bis-Acrylamide

Y 292 Z

10274-O Calculation of liquid-liquid phase separation in a ternary system of a polymer in a mixture of a solvent and a nonsolvent A. Saatchi1, M. Edalat1, Y. Kazemi Ashtiani2 School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract The Saatchi-Edalat theory for three-component systems is used to calculation of liquid-liquid phase separation in a ternary system of polymer in a mixture of a solvent and a nonsolvent. This correlation predicts NRTL parameters of polymer solution within the range of acceptable accuracy. We applied proposed correlation for αij to calculating activity coefficient. The results are showing good agreements between experimental data and calculated activity coefficient. Binodals are calculated for polymer/solvent/nonsolvent systems which are used in the preparation of asymmetric ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis membranes: cellulose acetate/solvent/water. Although knowledge of the interaction parameters for all compositions in the ternary system is rather poor, fairly good agreement has been found between calculated and experimentally found miscibility gaps when the solvent/nonsolvent parameter is taken to be concentration dependent and the other parameters, the polymer/solvent and the polymer/nonsolvent interaction parameter, are vary with temperature and degree of polymerization. The most important advantage of using presented method is decreasing minimum number of experimental data's is needed to calculation of the polymer/solvent and the polymer/nonsolvent interaction parameter. In this method we just need to know one infinity activity coefficient for each polymer/solvent and the polymer/nonsolvent systems to calculation of the polymer/solvent and the polymer/nonsolvent interaction parameter. Keywords: Saatchi-Edalat Model, Ternary Phase Diagram, Flory– Huggins, NRTL

Y 293 Z

10276-O Modeling of sequencing batch reactors (SBR) with the generalized regression neural networks (GRNN) based on radial basis functions (RBF) M. Navvab Kashani 1, S. Shahhosseini 2,* 1,2

Process Simulation and Control Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), P.O. Box 16765-163, Narmak, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]; 2,* [email protected]) Abstract Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is based on activated sludge and operates on a sequence of fill and draws cycles. The operation stages of a SBR are feed, react, settle, extraction and idle. A reliable model for this reactor is essential in order to provide a tool for predicting its performance and to form a basis for controlling the operation of the process. SBR process is complex and attains a high degree of nonlinearity due to the presence of bioorganic constituents that are difficult to model using mechanistic approaches. In this work, a generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model of SBR process has been developed based on the radial basis function (RBF) approach. The best prediction performance was achieved when the data were preprocessed and summarized using principal components analysis (PCA) before they were fed to the neural network. The results indicated that, the implementations of PCA with generalized regression neural network could enhance the generalization ability, causing its predictions to be very close to the experimental data. Keywords: GRNN, Modeling, PCA, RBF, SBR.

Y 294 Z

10277-P Applications of nanotechnologies in water industry M.Bashirzadeh1,*, S. Araghinejad2 1

College of Soil and Water, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (E-Mail:[email protected]) 2 College of Soil and Water, University of Tehran, Iran (E-Mail:[email protected])

Abstract Water is one of the most essential elements on the earth which is considered as a valuable resource for every country. However, energy resources have being recognized as the most important resources of countries since the last century, water will be the first resources of countries in the near future. There are some alternatives for the non- oil energies, which are not cheap but more available, while there is no replacement for water, a vital material of all living creatures. Thus there is a great emphasis on the saving and rehabilitation of water resources. Shortage of fresh water in the developing countries makes the development of nanotechnology of a crucial priority. New technologies, specifically the nanotechnology, can use different methods to recycle clean water from contaminate sewage for agricultural, industrial and even household consumptions. The usage of nanotechnology as a management solution is effective in reducing the environmental impacts of sewage. Different aspects of water resource management including water quality, water recycling, disinfection of water, water resources protection, eliminating heavy metals and re - usage of savage will be discussed in this paper with an emphasis of the use of nanotechnologies. The overall effects of these matters in improving health indices will be further discussed. Keywords: Nanotechnology, Water Resources, Water Recycling, Water Quality

Y 295 Z

10278-P Effect of natural polymers on sludge dewatering capability N. Barzegar marvasti, B. Ayati, H. Ganjidoust. Civil and Environmental Department, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract According to the rapid increase in population growth and it’s following the expansion production of massive wastewater and sewage sludge in treatment plants, the necessity of proposing economical and environmental sludge treatment is inevitable. One of the most important problems of sewage sludge is due to its high water content (95-99%) which causes serious hygienic and environmental problems as discharging to the environment. So dewatering of sewage sludge is an important part of a proper sludge management practice and every process which can optimize dewatering rate would have high effect on discharge sludge quality. In this basis chemical conditioning by change in sludge characteristics increase its dewater-ability, reduce its volume and recycle high amount of water from it. As natural coagulants have economical and environmental superior than chemical ones (their reaction do not make any harmful by-product and also can be used economically), in this research the effect of some natural polymers including chitosan, white bean, starch, and turpentine on the sewage sludge dewatering capability enhancement was investigated by using the results of TTF test, sludge moisture content, turbidity, sludge reduction and water filtrated volume. Keywords: Chitosan, White Bean, Starch, Turpentine, TTF

Y 296 Z

10279-O Investigation of sustainability in implementation network of water resource management through "Network Analysis" M. Bashirzadeh1, S.Araghinejad1, H. Mohammadi Kangarani2 1

Faculty of Soil and Water Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Email: [email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan,Hormozgan, Iran (Email:[email protected])

Abstract Inadequacy of the water resources and demands increases need for sustainable management. The proper management through the sustainable development is obtained from best communications of politicians, organizations and planning executers, and water beneficiaries. In brief, sustainable development seeks to bring equilibrium between environmental, social and economic aims as well as the use of limited natural resources. Water has political, cultural, social, economical and environmental values that have fundamental effects on development. These factors are mixed and some times has mutual effects on each other. This paper analyses the existing relations between institutions which play as the main actors of the water resources management of Iran with a network analysis approach. For this purpose, UCINET and Net Draw softwares and some concepts such as degree, betweenness and eigenvector centralities are used to delineate and analysis of relations between stakeholders. Main stakeholders are recognized and the most vulnerable stakeholders are highlighted. Results showed that some main actors of implementation network of water resources have shortages in relation with others. Actors same as Farmers, water cooperative, soil and water organization most of the times located in weak state. In new network some possible relation and education segment added in water resources management organization. New network character better than first network Keywords: Network Management

Analysis,

Sustainability,

Y 297 Z

Water

Resources

10280-P Novel single and hybrid immobilization methods for enhanced phenol degradation by Pseudomonas sp. SA01 S. Abdollahpour1,2*, M. Mollaei1, S. Atashgahi1, A. Sahebghadam Lotfi2, K. Akbari Noghabi 1 1

National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O.BOX 14155-6343, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract In this investigation, single and hybrid immobilization techniques for whole cells of Pseudomonas sp. SA01 were employed to enhance phenol degradation rate. The single immobilization was achieved using alginate (2-4%) and pectin (3-5%) together with the combined immobilization systems which consisted of alginate-chitosan-alginate (ACA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-alginate capsules. The freely suspended cells of Pseudomonas sp. SA01 was able to degrade phenol in concentrations up to 1000 mg/L 84 h. The complete degradation of the same concentration of phenol by cells entrapped in alginate (3%), in hybrid immobilization system alginate-chitosan-alginate (ACA), and in PVA-alginate encapsulated cells were achieved as low as 30 h. However, the cells immobilized in pectin (5 %) could degrade the same concentration of phenol at 35 and 40 h respectively. The cell loading capacity is increased in PVA-alginate hybrid capsules owing to the reduction of cell leakage from the beads, resulted in higher activity of immobilized cells compared with the single immobilization method. Keywords: Immobilization, Encapsulation, Alginate, Polyvinyl alcohol, Pectin

Y 298 Z

10284-P Energy management in water and wastewater networks in refineries H. Ansari1*, F. Shahraki1, I. Mohammadi Chaijan1 1

Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, P.O.Box 98164-161, Zahedan, Iran (E-mail:* [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract: in this paper, simultaneous management of energy and water systems in single contaminant state was considered in two different conditions: (i) systems with only fresh water usage and (ii) systems with maximum reuse of water. In first mode, situations of individual stream, isothermal stream and non-isothermal stream mixing were investigated. Graphical and conceptual techniques for minimizing the targets have been used. As a case study, the water minimization along with energy-efficient in Sarakhs gas refinery was considered. Fresh water consumption of the refinery is 34 kg/s. Using non-isothermal mixing, number of streams and heat exchangers were decreased, but energy targets were increased. Fresh water consumption of final water network was reduced to 21 kg/s because the Cooling tower as a major water-using operation unit didn’t use fresh water anymore and a single contaminant approach was considered too. The new water network has 1399.2 kW hot utility duty and 962.2 kW cold utility duty. Keywords: Gas Refinery, HEN Minimization, WAN Networks.

Network,

Y 299 Z

Water&

Wastewater

10285-P Several aspects of environment protection: from hazardous industrial wastewater (whey) to green product M. Rezvani1, S. Jokari2, H. Rashedi2, *, GH. Amoabediny2, M. Mazaheri Asadi3, M. Ghavami1 1

Department of Food Industry Engineering, Azad University of Tehran, Science & Research Branch, Tehran, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. (E-mail: [email protected]; *[email protected]; [email protected]) 3 Biotechnology Center, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology,Tehran, Iran(E-mail: [email protected])

Abstract Whey is the serum remaining after separation of milk fat and coagulated proteins from whole milk in cheese manufacturing process. Due to high biological oxygen demand and high chemical oxygen demand caused by whey, this matter is a main environmental problem for the dairy industries. Many of dairy plants do not have adequate treatment systems for the disposal of whey and also wastewater treatment technologies are expensive. On the other hand, whey components (especially lactose as carbohydrate reservoir and other essential nutrients) make it a potent source of energy and nutrients for the growth of microorganisms and the production of different bio-products such as biosurfactants as green products. The utilization of whey combats against its polluting effect to solve environment problems and balances the overall costs of bioemulsifier production. Furthermore biosurfactants with several mechanisms protect the environment. In this study we will investigate these two aspects. Key words: Wastewater, Whey, BOD, COD, Dairy Industry.

Y 300 Z

10286-P Using Amberlite RIA 410 and Purolite A200 as ion exchangers in aquaculture effluent remediation system; case study for nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and sufhate Z.S. Saljoghi1*, G. Rafiee1, A. Malekpour2, M. Bakhtyari1, A. Imani1 1

Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran 2 Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran (Email: *[email protected])

Abstract: Water treatment is one of the main challenging sectors in recirculation aquaculture systems. Recently, cost effective and highly efficient water remediation techniques have been widely acknowledged. New ion exchangers (AmberliteRIA410 and puroliteA200) are of the great interest due to their ability to remove trace concentrations of anionic species, which are frequent in aquaculture effluent. These systems are still in their infancy and there is not enough information in this regard. Ion absorption capacity of the ion exchanger resins were studied for nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and sulfate at different effluent temperatures (10, 15 and 20 °C) and pHs (6, 65, 7, 75, 8). Resins were modified by NaOH, before their application. Results indicated that higher ion absorption coincided with higher effluent temperature (p