was 86.6% in the Egyptian patients and 51.0% in the American patients (p
Clinical Investigation
Risk Factor Analysis among Egyptian Patients Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Hesham M. Waly, MD Mac Arthur A. Elayda, MD, MSc Vei-Vei Lee, MS Galal El-Said, MD George J. Reul, MD Robert J. Hall, MD
Key words: Cardiovascular diseases/etiology; coronary artery bypass; developing countries; Egypt; myocardial revascularization; postoperative complications; risk factors From: The departments of Adult Cardiology (Drs. ElSaid, Elayda, Hall, and Waly), Biostatistics and Epidemiology (Dr. Elayda and Ms Lee), and Cardiovascular Surgery (Dr. Reul), Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
Address for reprints: Robert J. Hall, MD, Texas Heart Institute, MC 1-102, P0. Box 20345, Houston, TX 77225-0345 204
We conducted a retrospective review of Egyptian patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery at our institution between 1980 and 1995. We examined the prevalence of coronary artery disease risk factors and evaluated the early postoperative results. We then compared these results with the corresponding data in a subset ofAmerican patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting at our institution in 1993. There were 290 Egyptian patients: 275 men and 15 women. The mean age was 54.5 years (range, 30 to 70 years). Angina was present in 258 (89%) of the Egyptian patients; of these, 186 (72. 1 %) were in Canadian Cardiovascular Society class 3 or 4. Risk factor analysis revealed a high prevalence of hyperlipidemia (69.7%), cigarette-smoking (66.6%), family history of coronary artery disease (53. 1 %), hypertension (46.9%), obesity (46.2%), and diabetes mellitus (32.4 %). Comparisons between the 2 groups showed that the risk factors, except for hypertension, were significantly higher in the Egyptian patients, despite the older age of the Americans (mean, 65.5 years; range, 22 to 88 years). The prevalence of triple-vessel disease was 86.6% in the Egyptian patients and 5 1.0% in the American patients (p
