RESEARCH ARTICLE
Amount and pattern of physical activity and sedentary behavior are associated with kidney function and kidney damage: The Maastricht Study a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111
OPEN ACCESS Citation: Martens RJH, van der Berg JD, Stehouwer CDA, Henry RMA, Bosma H, Dagnelie PC, et al. (2018) Amount and pattern of physical activity and sedentary behavior are associated with kidney function and kidney damage: The Maastricht Study. PLoS ONE 13(4): e0195306. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195306 Editor: Abelardo I Aguilera, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, SPAIN Received: August 13, 2017 Accepted: March 20, 2018 Published: April 4, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Martens et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: Data are unsuitable for public deposition due to ethical restriction and privacy of participant data according to the approved study protocol by the institutional medical ethical committee (Medisch-ethische toetsingscommissie azM/UM, NL31329.068.10) and the Minister of Health, Welfare and Sports of the Netherlands (Permit 131088-105234-PG). Data are available from The Maastricht Study for any interested researcher who meets the criteria for access to confidential data. The Maastricht Study
Remy J. H. Martens1,2☯*, Julianne D. van der Berg3,4☯, Coen D. A. Stehouwer1,5, Ronald M. A. Henry1,5,6, Hans Bosma3,4, Pieter C. Dagnelie4,5,7, Martien C. J. M. van Dongen4,7, Simone J. P. M. Eussen4,5,7, Miranda T. Schram1,5,6, Simone J. S. Sep1,5, Carla J. H. van der Kallen1,5, Nicolaas C. Schaper1,4,5, Hans H. C. M. Savelberg2,8, Frank M. van der Sande1, Abraham A. Kroon1,5, Jeroen P. Kooman1,2‡, Annemarie Koster3,4‡ 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 2 NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 3 Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 4 CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 5 CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 6 Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 7 Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 8 Department of Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. ‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work. *
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Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease, which is defined as having a reduced kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)) and/or signs of kidney damage (albuminuria), is highly prevalent in Western society and is associated with adverse health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease. This warrants a search for risk factors of lower eGFR and higher albuminuria. Physical activity and sedentary behavior may be such risk factors.
Objective To examine associations of physical activity (total, high, low), sedentary time and sedentary behavior patterns (breaks, prolonged bouts, average bout duration) with eGFR and albuminuria.
Methods We examined these associations in 2,258 participants of the Maastricht Study (average age 60.1±8.1 years; 51.3% men), who wore an accelerometer 24h/day on 7 consecutive days. Associations with continuous eGFR and categories of urinary albumin excretion (UAE;
