Attendees were representatives from each environmental division of the PICTs and also. NGOs. The objectives were to: â¢. Initiate the PACIOCEA project.
Annex 5a - Workshops Three workshops were held during the PACIOCEA project to embody the participative planning process. Fiji workshop, 26-29 November 2013 The first workshop was held at the University of the South Pacific in Fiji, in November 2013. The workshop was organised with the MACBIO (Marine and Coastal Biodiversity Management in Pacific Island Countries) and EPOG (Enhancing Pacific Ocean Governance) projects. Attendees were representatives from each environmental division of the PICTs and also NGOs. The objectives were to:
Initiate the PACIOCEA project Share experiences and perspectives on MSP methods, implementation and challenges at different geographical scales Develop core input to guidelines for MSP approaches applicable at local, national and regional scales in the Pacific
Nouméa workshop, 18-24 August 2014 (territory game 1) The second workshop was held in Nouméa, in August 2014. Attendees were experts in various fields from regional agencies and universities. The objectives while using a prospective and participatory method were to:
Construct the current situation of the region based on spatial representations by cross-cutting ecological, cultural and socio-economic marine issues Identify current issues as a basis for designing potential future scenarios Explore potential future scenarios to improve the sustainable management of marine resources Develop an appropriate method to implement planning at a regional scale
Fiji workshop, 28-31 October 2014 (territory game 2) The third workshop was held in Fiji, in October 2014. Attendees were representatives from the PICTs, from various divisions of marine affairs, as well as CROP agencies and NGOs. The objectives were similar to the previous workshop but the national expertise of attendees will focus the analyses on the spatial overlapping of issues. The objectives were to:
Identify current issues at a regional scale, related to marine and coastal ecosystem services and a focus on multi-scale links Explore potential future scenarios to support common approaches for managing marine resources Identify areas of mutual interest where a bilateral or multilateral cooperation could help to manage resources sustainably Discuss the format of the outputs to shape them so that they are adapted to support decision-making
Results of the territory game during the 2nd workshop Current situation Map title
Pacific vulnerability and linkages
East-west ecological gradients vs. north-south socioeconomic issues
A south-south-east-west divide
Main spatial representations Increased demand from trade Tourism pressure Biodiversity hotspot Deep sea mining (exploration) Demersal fishery pressure Importance of transport Import of energy Biodiversity gradient Dependence on foreign fisheries Dependence on tourism El Nino – La Nina tuna migration variability Food security Biodiversity gradient
Marine spatial dynamics in the PACIOCEA region
High habitat diversity El Nino – La Nina ENSO variability Sea surface level increase Dependency on coastal fisheries High connectivity Biodiversity gradient Natural hazard corridor
Issues Map title 3 keys elements to promote sustainable economic independence Sub-regional strategies to reduce vulnerability to sea-level rise in the PACIOCEA territory Enhancing capacity to adapt to meet needs and aspirations Issues / biodiversity
Main spatial representations Promote renewable energy Maximise sustainable tuna fisheries Promote sustainable tourism Maintain coastal habitats Protect coastal infrastructure Human migration Deep sea mining potential economy boost Balance local and foreign coastal catch Limit megafauna decline Political, cultural and economic factors are the drivers of decision makers
Future scenarios Map title
Pacific Union – leading the globe 2064
Demographic change and fisheries collapse
Disequilibrium
F2SP: federation of floated states of the Pacific
Main spatial representations Creation of the Pacific Union Great barrier “rubble” Power at regional level Tax on ecosystem services Education and well-being increase Fisheries collapse Deep sea mining main economic driver Migration towards US, AU, NZ Control on deep sea mining Increase in ocean acidification Sustainable tourism Increase in natural disasters Many islands are submerged Food independence Increase in aquaculture High-tech housing
Actions planed based on future scenarios Action Increase knowledge of Deep Sea Mining (DSM) and capacity for unified policies Massive sulphide performance standards Polymetallic crust performance standards Manganese nodule performance standards Pacific Union Green tourism development (SPTOeconomic, cultural and green tourism) Move tuna fishing in high seas area effort
Reason Action 1-4 came about from the identification of a need for a regulatory framework, legislation and policy for non-renewable resources (deep sea mining). There is an identified knowledge gap in deep-sea information. We need to encourage research and data gathering that needs to be a multinational effort. There needs to be a shared multi-national environmental database The implementation of a Pacific Union could help to bring about improved integrated management in the Pacific region Green tourism needs to be ecologically sensitive, economically viable, equitable and culture preserving. The existing body, the South Pacific Tourism Organisation (SPTO), needs to be involved in its development This is to avoid the collapse of the tuna fisheries industry.
into national areas Monitoring surveillance of fisheries University networking Knowledge and technology transfer and partnerships Environmental services from the Pacific are compensated by payments from the rest of the world Area requires increased assistance to reduce anthropogenic impacts and to increase resilience (adaptation) against the increased impact on Cook Islands and French Polynesia pearl farms
The Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission needs to be a key stakeholder This is to avoid the collapse of the tuna fisheries industry Universities are an important knowledge resource in the Pacific that needs to be fully exploited
This needs to be put on the agenda of international actors in order to compensate Pacific nations for their role in conserving important environmental services for the planet
Results of the territory game during the 3rd workshop Current situation Map title Anthropogenic and ecological interactions
ENFRAP
Wild West
PAC – MAN (Pacific Management)
A connected yet divided region
MEPL
Main spatial representations Vulnerability of populations to sea level rise Prepare for climate resilience ENSO impact on fish stock Globalization El Nino/La Nina affecting fish stocks Tourism affecting GDP Megafauna and shark sanctuaries Natural disasters Loss of mangroves Biodiversity gradient El Nino/ La Nina impact on fisheries Sea level rise Diversity of coastal habitats Importance of traditional knowledge International fishing pressure Remittance aid Food security Demographic migration Marine connectivity Fishery productivity Globalisation and geostrategy Biodiversity gradient Sea level rise High population growth Reefs threatened Sea bed exploration
Issues Map title Anthropogenic and ecological interactions
ENFRAP
Wild West
PAC – MAN (Pacific Management)
Main spatial representations Impacts of ENSO on fisheries Globalization and external influences Vulnerability in high density areas to sea level rise Climate effects on fisheries and local economies Coral reef tourism Tourism and shark sanctuaries Food security Self sufficient energy Fisheries management Sea level rise Cost of natural hazards Fisheries
strategies
A connected yet divided region
MEPL
Tourism Population Climate change Climate change Connectivity (physical and biological) Economic development Social decline Food security Socio economics and demographics Trade Tourism and coastal fisheries Sea level change and population movement Biodiversity and tourism Food security and tourism Coastal fisheries Deep sea mining
Scenarios and actions Group
Tourism
Globalisation and Trade
Governance and Management
Self-Sufficiency
Pacific Resilience
Creating Jobs Through Fisheries
Topics of discussion The group looked at a positive, sustainable and eco‐friendly future where Pacific Islands would be able to attract more eco tourists evenly across the region and retain the revenue with more local run operations and investments. The transport networks across region have expanded making it easier for tourists to visit currently difficult destinations, spreading the accessibility and the wealth. Community level cultural experiences are centre to tourism in the Pacific region, giving tourists an authentic tourist experience aimed at obtaining repeat customers while protecting and fostering the culture and heritage in the communities involved. Best practices for cultural, eco‐friendly tourism approaches are shared across the region. The group looked at a future where China’s partnership recedes and Australia and New Zealand Influence grows again in the region. The region will continue to create revenue from the export of tuna, but the better deals with foreign fleets have been struck and more revenue is coming in. Job opportunities and education levels have increased in the Pacific and the region is able to hold on to talent and even attract talented people to the region. The group saw a future where all pacific island nations establish the Pacific Union (PU) for negotiating with large world powers instead of individually. The PU provides equity, fair royalties and best management practices for the pacific island nations. Integrated coastal and oceanic management is commonplace, well managed and includes communities. The Micronesian Challenge conservation initiative is expanded to the whole region. The group chose a positive future with each country now sustainably managing fisheries within their EEZ, ensuring food security for the whole country and commercial fishery revenue is retained keeping the nation financially stable. Drones and vessels monitor the EEZs to help police ocean resources. The oceans are so well sustainably managed that the use of MPAs are not required. Sustainable livelihoods are enhanced and pacific islanders are able to live in harmony with marine resources and add value, while cultural identity and traditional languages are safeguarded. The group discussed a future where the pacific island countries are at the forefront of innovative technological development and design, aiming to make them completely resilient. The region now predominantly uses alternative energies (solar, wind, bio‐fuel) and has the technology and know‐how to drought‐proof themselves. Research hubs across the pacific provide and share intellectual and technological know‐how (both regionally and internationally) and promote resilience awareness across the region. The group looked at the future with population increasing greatly through Melanesia, translating to food security and employment pressures. Other areas such as Micronesia will have had a population decrease and the group predicted the movement of tuna into this area which will be positive for jobs at a local level and for forging fleets bringing money to the countries in the west of the region.
