mentation to the user in a contextual fashion. In ...... been presented on the blackboard. .... Georgia Institute of Technology, http://dot.che.gatech.edu/information/.
Jun 13, 2005 - Freek Dijkstra*, Bas van Oudenaarde*, Bert Andree, Leon Gommans,. Jeroen van der Ham ..... other services from the exchange without manual in- tervention at the ..... an Optical Internetâ, Journal of High-Speed networks, pp.
This paper presents a procedure for inserting test points at the outputs of scan ... full-scan circuit in such a manner that the peak power during scan testing is kept ...
A TOOL FOR MANAGING FARM CHEMICAL RESIDUES .... The annual Victorian Produce Monitoring Program (VPMP) and the Australian Market Basket.
Keywords: Software Architecture, Architectural Analysis,. Architecture Reconstruction, Transformation. 1. Introduction. Software architecture is increasingly being ...
Software designers describe overall system architectures using a rich ... kinds of components that are used in developing a system according to the pat- tern; the ..... TR 91-22, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Texas, Austin, June 1991.
cardboard boxes in a room. R. Gothenburg IPT connected to. London IPT. IâI. IPT connected to HMD. IâHMD. IPT connected to Desktop system. IâD.
motion of the object, the grasping force and some of the contact .... the local parameterization of the rotation. Let q := [ xT f. xT o ]T â R18 be the generalized ...
Knowledge-based Software Engineering, Software Architec- ture, Patterns. INTRODUCTION. It has been well established that large software systems with.
In this paper, we develop a method to recover such assumptions from an existing software .... for the forces that drive architectural design decisions. Just like it is difficult to ... erties. The system was huge, slow, inefficient, and hard to maint
use of architectural prototypes in the development process is discussed, and we argue that ...... 1Here we will refer to the Rational Unified Process (RUP; http:.
have battled to obtain Common Carrier status and eliminate access fees. This factor may .... We can now detail the architectures of the four system alternatives.
and implementation of the model on a concrete architecture (based on transputer ...... Report DAIMI FN-19, Computer Science Department, Aarhus University,.
The speaker uses the first element in the English sentence as a starting point for the ... Given a sentence like Mary ate the apple, the listener is seen as taking the.
that software can play in building control sys- ... sation, and definition as first-class citizens, of the ... data through input and output channels. Fur- .... R(g@l) is a conditional multiple assignment .... nection is expressed through the followi
(a) An actuator control system in Simulink; (b) The V-Model. control law diagram is a visual model that consists, essentially, of a set of blocks and lines (signals) ...
MWIS may require customizing its service for different types of users (mobile or not). ..... additional work, since it has design application specific customization ...
Department of Mathematics and Computing Science. University of ..... Auction sites such as eBay or weather forecasts can be accessed from a desktop/laptop,.
Architectural Views of Aspects*. Mika Katara t. Institute of Software Systems. Tampere University of Technology, Finland [email protected]. Shmuel Katz.
in evolution, since it formalizes the description of the system to be built and bridges the abstract ... The second and most crucial phase is to bridge the RAM and the FAM into the Joint ... Therefore, the architect needs to take some last decisions
control systems like Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) evaluation is being ... sources of chemical hazards and flies, rodents and ants.
reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for ... Email: {tarlano, kellerer}@docomolab-euro.com. Abstract .... systems [9], context spaces use a template field to match context entry
Recognising both conservation concerns and the architectural qualities of two existing ..... Victoria University Strategic Development Fund is acknowledged.
Architects use old solutions as source for inspiration in the design process. We present a ... Precedents and analogy play an important role in design processes.
Facebook API. iThink. OpenSocial API. Friendster. MySpace. LinkedIn. XING. SalesForce.com. Plaxo. Orkut. Where are the architectural control points in these ...
Architectural Control Points C. Jason Woodard
Motivation Motivation
Empirical EmpiricalChallenge Challenge
“[O]perating systems no longer hold the strategic importance they once held in our industry. In an world of open standards, which is where the world is going, the operating system platforms—ours or anyone else’s in the open world—are not going to be control points anymore.”
Where are the architectural control points in these systems, and how are they changing over time? Open-source software projects
– Louis V. Gerstner, Jr., former CEO of IBM, in a 2000 speech to financial analysts
(González-Barahona, López-Fernández and Robles, 2004)
So which IT artifacts are going to be control points— and what (really) is a control point anyway?
• Architectural control is the capacity to enable or constrain the design of a system component without exercising decision rights over it directly. Modular industry clusters
• An architectural control point is a system component whose decision rights confer architectural control over other components.
(1) Personal computers before and after Apple switches from PowerPC to Intel processors
• Design moves vs. contract moves • Horizontal vs. vertical control • Architectural trajectories
Intel IA-32 Pentium
The full paper introduces several new building blocks for a theory of architectural control points:
Xeon
Celeron
Intel-compatible PC
Boot Camp
Microsoft Windows XP
Mac OS X
Vista
(2) Social networking platforms after Facebook releases its API and Google launches the OpenSocial initiative X Me
Super Wall
Flixster
iLike
Theikos
IBM PC Apple II IBM ThinkPad
Apple Macintosh
Intel Pentium IBM PS/2 Microsoft Windows
Tight
Loose
Horizontal Control
VirtualTourist
Video Photos
Intel 8088 Microsoft PC DOS
Next NextSteps Steps
iThink FotoFlexer
Loose
Apple Macintosh
Dell OptiPlex
Tight
IBM ThinkPad
Vertical Control
Windows-compatible PC
Groups
Facebook API
Facebook
• Operationalize these concepts in the context of real (and simulated) evolving system architectures
OpenSocial API
Orkut
MySpace
Friendster Plaxo
• Generate and test hypotheses to explain empirical patterns and provide useful advice to stakeholders
LinkedIn
SalesForce.com XING
References Baldwin, C. Y. and C. J. Woodard (2007), “Competition in Modular Clusters,” Harvard Business School Working Paper 08-042. González-Barahona, J. M., L. López-Fernández and G. Robles (2004), “Community Structure of Modules in the Apache Project.” In Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Open Source Software Engineering, Edinburgh. Yu, S. (2008), “Innovation in the Programmable Web: Characterizing the Mashup Ecosystem,” IS 470 final report, Singapore Management University.
