AUSTRIA

TRANSPORT IN FIGURES

2011

AUSTRIA TRANSPORT IN FIGURES Edition 2011

Transport in Figures Austria - Edition 2011

Commissioned and published by: Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology (bmvit) Dept. II/Infra 5 A-1031 Vienna, Austria Radetzkystrasse 2 Supervised by (alphabetically) DI Roman Kirnbauer (Dept. II/Infra 5) Reinhard Koller (Dept. II/Infra 5, Client Project Management) Dr. Thomas Spiegel (Dept. II/Infra.5)

Contractor: Herry Consult GmbH Argentinierstraße.21 A-1040 Vienna, Austria Tel.: +43(1) – 504 12 58 Fax: +43(1) – 504 35 36 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.herry.at Processing by (alphabetically) Dr. Max Herry DI Norbert Sedlacek Irene Steinacher Vienna - November 2012

VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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Imprint

Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology (bmvit) Dept. II / Infra 5 Radetzkystrasse 2A, A-1031 Vienna, Austria Telephone: +43 (1) 711 62 65 - 0 Data processing and editing: Dr. Thomas Spiegel, DI Roman Kirnbauer, Reinhard Koller, Dr. Max Herry, DI Norbert Sedlacek, Mag. Irene Steinacher Translation in english: ad hoc Dolmetscher & Übersetzungen – Interpreters & Translations GmbH (text); Herry Consult GmbH (tables, figures, maps) Design, Layout und Infographics: Herry Consult GmbH - Mag. Irene Steinacher Title Page: Mag. Irene Steinacher Printed by: Heeresdruckerei, Kelsenstraße 4, 1031 Vienna, Austria

Responsible fort he content: Dr. Max Herry (Herry Consult GmbH) Vienna - January 2013

Proviso: The information contained in this publication has been carefully researched. However, no guarantee of any kind can be given as to the accuracy of the information contained herein. Typographical and other errors are also reserved.

Inquiries and comments should be addressed to: Reinhard Koller Dept. II / Infra.5 Radetzkystrasse 2A, A-1030 Vienna, Austria Telephone: +43 (1) 711 62 65 - 1108 or [email protected]

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Foreword

The theme "transport" is extensive and has a great influence on our lives. Whether a commuter or a traffic expert, our daily routines are inextricably linked with transport issues. We are all dependent on a good transport system. It allows us to get to work, to maintain social contacts, to perform our everyday purchases and to organize our leisure activities. The negative effects of transport, such as noise or exhaust fumes affect our health and wellbeing. Transport and industry are also closely linked; an effective and modern infrastructure is an important competitive factor, and investment in infrastructure can in turn create long-term employment.

Many decisions made concerning traffic policy thus have far reaching implications. The basis for sound analyses and considerations for the future based on them must be facts, which enable reliable reflection on previous developments and accompanying critical analyses to be performed. The growing number of inquiries about current data on individual topics, as well as new transport policy issues was the reason for the revision of the reference work "Transport in Figures - 2007". With "Transport in Figures - 2011" we have once again created a reliable foundation document which is equally a guide for professionals and interested citizens.

In this spirit, I wish that this reference work provides you with a resource of decisive information, whether it is used for your work, for your personal interest or for transport policy discussions.

Doris Bures Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology


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Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................1 2 Spatial and socioeconomic basic facts..........................................................................2 2.1 Spatial Information....................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Land use ....................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 Population density........................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2.1 Population density in Austria ................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2.2 Population density in the EU and in selected non-EU countries .................................................. 8 2.2 Socio-economic data.................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1 Demography .................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2.1.1 Population development.......................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1.2 Population by age ................................................................................................................ 10 2.2.1.3 Population by federal states in Austria.................................................................................... 12 2.2.2 Communities by classes of municipal size ....................................................................................... 13 2.2.2.1 Population development in the EU and in non-EU countries..................................................... 14 2.2.3 Hausehold and family ................................................................................................................... 16 2.2.3.1 Development of households in Austria ................................................................................... 16 2.2.3.2 Private households in the EU................................................................................................. 18 2.2.4 Employment ................................................................................................................................. 19 2.2.4.1 Employed persons in place of home/work.............................................................................. 19 2.2.4.2 Development of the employment ........................................................................................... 20 2.2.4.3 Employed persons by status in employment ............................................................................ 21 2.2.4.4 Employed persons by types of employment............................................................................. 21 2.2.4.5 Atypical employment relationships......................................................................................... 22 2.2.4.6 Development of the labour force participation and employment rate........................................ 22 2.2.4.7 Employed persons in the EU.................................................................................................. 23 2.2.4.8 Unemployment in Austria ..................................................................................................... 24 2.2.4.9 Unemployment in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 1971 - 2009 ................................. 25 2.2.5 Economic basis ............................................................................................................................ 26 2.2.5.1 Development of the gross domestic product (GDP) and gross regional product (GRP) .............. 26 2.2.5.2 Development of the gross domestic product (GDP) in the EU and in selected non-EU countries..... 28 2.2.5.3 Development of the foreign trade in Austria ........................................................................... 29 2.2.5.4 Development of foreign trade in the EU and in selected non-EU countries ................................ 32 2.2.5.5 Consumption expenditure .................................................................................................... 35 2.2.5.6 Development of gross and net annual median income of the employees .................................. 36

3 Infrastructure...............................................................................................................37 3.1 Road infrastructure..................................................................................................................... 40 3.1.1 Length of road network ................................................................................................................. 40 3.1.2 Road network in Austria ................................................................................................................ 41 3.1.3 Development of the road network .................................................................................................. 42 3.1.4 EU comparison of the motorway network lengths ............................................................................ 43 3.1.5 Road bridges und road tunnels ..................................................................................................... 44 3.2 Rail infrastructure ....................................................................................................................... 46 3.2.1 Rail network in Austria .................................................................................................................. 46 3.2.2 Development of the rail network .................................................................................................... 47 3.2.3 Rail tunnel.................................................................................................................................... 48 Seite IV


3.2.4 EU comparision of the rail network ................................................................................................ 49 3.3 Infrastructure projects in Austria ................................................................................................. 51 3.4 The Danube in Austria................................................................................................................ 52 3.5 Freight terminals in Austria......................................................................................................... 53 3.6 Airports and airfields in Austria .................................................................................................. 57 3.7 Gas supply in Austria.................................................................................................................. 58 3.8 Electricity- and natural gas filling stations in Austria.................................................................... 59

4 Parking space management ......................................................................................60 4.1 Parking space management in the municipalities........................................................................ 60 4.2 Parking duration and parking fees ............................................................................................. 62 4.2.1 Car parking prices in european large cities..................................................................................... 62 4.2.2 Payment methods.......................................................................................................................... 63 4.2.3 Exemptions benefiting residents.....................................................................................................64 4.3 Parking space management in selected towns ............................................................................ 64 4.3.1 Parking space management in Vienna............................................................................................ 65 4.3.2 Parking space management in Graz............................................................................................... 67 4.4 Parking facilities in Austria.......................................................................................................... 68 4.4.1 Parking garages in Austria - a comparison...................................................................................... 68 4.4.2 Parking garages in Austria - an international comparison................................................................. 69 4.4.3 Park-&-Ride facilities in Austria....................................................................................................... 70 4.4.4 Park-&-Ride facilities in Europe....................................................................................................... 71 4.4.5 Bike-&-Ride facilities...................................................................................................................... 72 4.4.6 Park-&-Drive facilities in Austria ..................................................................................................... 72

5 Stock of motor vehicle – Motorisation ........................................................................73 5.1 Motor vehicles ............................................................................................................................ 75 5.1.1 Stock of motor vehicles in Austria................................................................................................... 75 5.1.2 Development of stock of motor vehicles in Austria ........................................................................... 76 5.1.3 Development of stock of cars and estate cars by federal states in Austria........................................... 78 5.1.4 Development of stock of lorries by EURO-classes............................................................................ 79 5.1.5 Development of car-indicators........................................................................................................ 79 5.1.6 Development of stock of cars and estate cars in the EU and selected non-EU countries...................... 80 5.1.7 Stock of cars by types of engine in the EU and selected non-EU countries.......................................... 81 5.1.8 Motorisation in Austria.................................................................................................................. 82 5.1.9 Development of motorisation......................................................................................................... 83 5.1.10 Development of motorisation in the EU und selected non-EU-countries............................................. 85 5.2 Rolling stock ............................................................................................................................... 86 5.3 Watercrafts................................................................................................................................. 86 5.4 Aircraft....................................................................................................................................... 86

6 Mobility - Travel Behaviour ........................................................................................87 6.1 Socioeconomic Data................................................................................................................... 91 6.2 Percetage of out-of-house........................................................................................................... 93 6.3 Trips per person or per mobile person......................................................................................... 94 6.4 Mean trip length......................................................................................................................... 95 6.5 Mean trip duration...................................................................................................................... 97 6.6 Trips in the course of the day....................................................................................................... 98 6.7 Frequency of using means of transport........................................................................................ 99 VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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6.8 Modal-Split................................................................................................................................101 6.9 Trip purpose ............................................................................................................................. 104 6.10 Daily trip length and duration................................................................................................... 105 6.11 Trip chains................................................................................................................................ 106 6.12 Bicycle Traffic............................................................................................................................ 107 6.13 Commuters............................................................................................................................... 108 6.13.1 Commuters in Austria ................................................................................................................. 108 6.13.1.1 Commuters by used means of transport................................................................................111 6.13.1.2 Expenditure of time of commuters.........................................................................................111 6.14 Holiday and business mobility....................................................................................................112 6.15 Car Sharing...............................................................................................................................113

7 Transport volume, performance and loads .............................................................. 114 7.1 Transport volume.......................................................................................................................119 7.1.1 Freight transport ..........................................................................................................................119 7.1.1.1 Freight transport volume by transport type and mode.............................................................119 7.1.1.2 Road freight transport volume ............................................................................................. 122 7.1.1.3 Rail freight transport volume ............................................................................................... 123 7.1.1.4 Freight transport volume – modal share of road and rail ....................................................... 125 7.1.1.5 Combined transport freight transport volume ....................................................................... 127 7.1.1.6 Freight transport volume on the Danube .............................................................................. 128 7.1.1.7 Freight transport volume in the Danube corridor .................................................................. 131 7.1.1.8 Air cargo volume at Austrian airports .................................................................................. 132 7.1.1.9 Freight transport volume through pipelines........................................................................... 134 7.1.1.10 Freight transport volume in the EU ...................................................................................... 135 7.1.2 Passenger transport .................................................................................................................... 137 7.1.2.1 Passenger transport volume by means of transportation ........................................................ 137 7.1.2.2 Rail passenger transport volume.......................................................................................... 138 7.1.2.3 Passenger transport volume at Austrian airports ................................................................... 140 7.2 Transport performance............................................................................................................. 142 7.2.1 Freight transport ......................................................................................................................... 142 7.2.1.1 Freight transport performance by transport type and mode ................................................... 142 7.2.1.2 Freight transport performance – modal share of road and rail............................................... 144 7.2.1.3 Combined transport freight transport performance .............................................................. 145 7.2.1.4 Freight transport performance on the Danube...................................................................... 146 7.2.1.5 Freight transport performance through pipelines................................................................... 147 7.2.1.6 Freight transport performance in the EU .............................................................................. 148 7.2.2 Passenger transport .................................................................................................................... 150 7.2.2.1 Passenger transport performance by means of transportation................................................ 150 7.2.2.2 Passenger transport performance in the EU.......................................................................... 152 7.2.3 Development of vehicle performance on the federal and secondary road network ........................... 154 7.3 Traffic load............................................................................................................................... 156 7.3.1 Traffic load on selected road sections........................................................................................... 156 7.3.2 Traffic load maps for the federal road network.............................................................................. 158 7.3.2.1 Passenger Car loads .......................................................................................................... 158 7.3.2.2 HGV loads ........................................................................................................................ 159 7.3.3 Traffic load maps for the TEN rail network .................................................................................... 160 Seite VI


7.3.3.1 Passenger trains ................................................................................................................ 160 7.3.3.2 Freight and service trains .................................................................................................... 161 7.4 Focus Alpine crossing freight transport ......................................................................................162 7.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 162 7.4.2 Example Brenner route................................................................................................................ 168

8 Energy and Environment ......................................................................................... 170 8.1 European emission standards ....................................................................................................174 8.1.1 Emission standards for light passenger and commercial vehicles......................................................174 8.1.2 Emission standards for heavy goods vehicles (> 3,5t hzG)..............................................................174 8.2 Energy consumption by means of transport and energy..............................................................175 8.2.1 Energy consumption in Austria .................................................................................................... 175 8.2.2 Energy consumption in the EU-countries ...................................................................................... 177 8.3 Emissions ..................................................................................................................................179 8.3.1 Emissions in Austria (emitted in the inland).................................................................................... 179 8.3.2 Emissions based on purchased fuel in Austria................................................................................ 180 8.3.3 Fuel export................................................................................................................................. 181 8.3.4 Emissions in the EU..................................................................................................................... 182 8.3.5 Greenhouse gas emissions. ......................................................................................................... 183 8.4 Noise pollution in Austria ......................................................................................................... 184 8.4.1 Noise pollution in Austria by type of noise sources (subjective feelings of the interviewed persons)..... 184 8.4.2 Aircraft noise in Austria ............................................................................................................... 186 8.5 Pollution by smell, dust und soot in Austria (subjective feeling of the interviewed persons)......... 187

9 Traffic safety ..............................................................................................................188 9.1 Road accidents ..........................................................................................................................191 9.1.1 Road accidents and thereby injured persons in Austria................................................................... 191 9.1.2 Development accident occurence on roads in Austria.................................................................... 193 9.1.3 Road traffic accidents in international comparison......................................................................... 195 9.1.4 Casualties in road traffic ............................................................................................................. 196 9.1.4.1 Casualties by age .............................................................................................................. 196 9.1.4.2 Casualties by road class ..................................................................................................... 197 9.1.4.3 Casualties by road user type ............................................................................................... 197 9.1.4.4 Road accidents involving children........................................................................................ 198 9.1.4.5 Road accidents involving pupils .......................................................................................... 199 9.1.4.6 Road accidents involving seniors .........................................................................................200 9.1.4.7 Casualties and seat belt usage............................................................................................200 9.1.5 Reasons for road fatalities ........................................................................................................... 201 9.1.6 Road traffic control ..................................................................................................................... 202 9.1.7 Road accident costs in Austria ..................................................................................................... 205 9.2 Railway accidents in Austria ..................................................................................................... 206 9.3 Air traffic accidents .................................................................................................................. 207

10 Transport costs and prices ........................................................................................208 10.1 Taxes and charges in Austria .....................................................................................................210 10.1.1 Taxes ......................................................................................................................................... 210 10.1.2 Distance-related toll and special motorways tolls for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW.................................. 212 10.1.2.1 Stock 2011 ........................................................................................................................ 212 10.1.2.2 Prospects 2012 ................................................................................................................. 214 VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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10.1.3 Vignette and special motorways tolls on federal roads for vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW.... 215 10.1.3.1 Stock 2011 ........................................................................................................................ 215 10.1.3.2 Prospects 2012 ................................................................................................................. 216 10.1.4 Road tolls in the EU member states .............................................................................................. 217 10.1.5 Revenues from transport charges ................................................................................................. 218 10.1.6 Federal expenses in the section "transport ".................................................................................... 219 10.1.7 Railway - infrastructure user charges ............................................................................................ 220 10.2 Fuel prices in Austria ................................................................................................................ 221 10.3 Fuel prices in the EU................................................................................................................. 223 10.4 The Austrian Consumer Price Index in the sector "transport "...................................................... 224 10.5 Transport costs for road freight transport in Austria................................................................... 225 10.6 Motor Car costs ........................................................................................................................ 226

11 Infrastructure Costs – external Costs ........................................................................227 11.1 Infrastructure costs in Austria.................................................................................................... 228 11.2 Cost rates for the assessment of external costs ......................................................................... 229 11.3 Cost rates for the assessment of external costs in freiht transport.............................................. 231

12 Information and communications technology (IKT) .................................................232 12.1 Development in the use of internet in Austria ........................................................................... 233 12.2 Equipment of Austrian households with IT devices..................................................................... 233 12.3 Turnovers in the telecommunications industry............................................................................ 236 12.4 ICT in the EU member states..................................................................................................... 236

13 National FTI-funding initiatives and funding in the transport sector .....................239 Geonomenclature (Status 2011) .................................................................................245 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................246 Table explanatory notes .............................................................................................249 Glossary of terms ...........................................................................................................249 Lists .................................................................................................................................259 List of tables...................................................................................................................................... 259 List of figures..................................................................................................................................... 265 List of maps....................................................................................................................................... 271 List of literature................................................................................................................................. 272 Links ................................................................................................................................................. 275 Informations.......................................................................................................................................276

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1 Introduction Note: In this compendium the gender-neutral notation has been explicitly waived to facilitate the readability of the texts. For simplification only the shorter male notation has been applied in place of both gender forms. Note: much of the data in the transport sector are based on sample survey 1,extrapolated by using appropriate algorithms, was generated by means of modelling 2 or derived from censuses 3. Notation of numbers in tables, figures and maps: The comma [,] is used as the decimal mark and the dot [.] is used as the thousands separator. Unlike in the previous editions 2002 and 2007 editions, in this issue "Transport in Figures 2011" great attention is paid to accessibility, to ensure barrier-free access to the greatest possible extent. Thus, in the text no uppercase letters are used. In addition, the originally used two-column text was changed to single column presentation. For people with specific disorders in the colour spectrum, the figures were checked using special software and the colours matched so as to enable this group of users to also be able to understand the content of these figures. Mobility in today's fast-paced time is more important than ever before. This is clearly illustrated in the data concerning the daily commuting to work, the movement of goods in and through Austria, the holiday travel and much more. Every Austrian is daily confronted with the traffic system. However, this results in the fact that many of the problems in the field of transport are regularly perceived - jams on the roads, noise and pollution, and accidents etc. In order to gain an objective overview with regard to the actual quantities and dimensions of the traffic relevant key indicators, the first edition of this data catalogue for Austria was published in 2002. In the year 2007, a further version "Transport in Figures - edition 2007" was published. Due to the large demand, a further edition "Transport in Figures - edition 2011" was then planned. Significant changes and developments in the transport system since 2007, affecting many areas of this catalogue either directly or indirectly, gave rise to the need for an update in 2011. It should be emphasized that even with this current edition we have focused on the quality of the data and in doing so we have however, waived representations of relationships and links between them. Furthermore, due to many innovations we have included new key performance indicators in many of the chapters and have designed the graphics to be more informative. The present edition "Transport in Figures - Edition 2011" mainly follows the structures of "Transport in Figures - Edition 2007 ", in order to allow the data to be compared over time. It is divided into the following chapters: · Spatial and socioeconomic basic facts · Infrastructure · Parking space management · Stock of motor vehicles - motorisation · Mobility - Travel Behaviour · Transport Volume, performance and loads · Energy and the environment · Transport safety · Transport costs and prices · Infrastructure costs – external costs · Information and communication technology · National FTI – funding initiatives and funding in the transport sector

Examples: mobility data, Transalpine freight transport Examples: Model calculations of the BMVIT, Transport Volumes from Käfer et al 2006, VP - 2025+ 3 Examples: Road traffic accidents, section by section loads from the data of the distance driven related tolls, and passenger car registration statistics. 1 2


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2 Spatial and socioeconomic basic facts The population growth, an increase in the number of households, and the economic expansion have together resulted in traffic growth as well as an expansion of the areas dedicated to residential building and traffic use. One reason why the social functions working, living, care and recovery are less and less often occurring only in one place is that goods and services are not produced and offered in a central location. The locations of the production, the supply of services as well as the activity patterns of the population are distributed in a historically unique dynamism in space. A number of complex social and economic trends is responsible for this. They are interlocking, reinforce each other and in doing so, make a political or planning influence difficult 4. On the one hand, changes in the transport infrastructure are incentives for settlement developments and on the other hand, the change of the settlement structure also leads to a change in the significance of modes of transport. So for example in recent times, due to given locational advantages a concentration of jobs in the urban areas has been observed. Compared to that, due to the further expansion of the transport infrastructure it is increasingly possible to be "flexible" in choosing where one wishes to reside. This leads to increased commuter distances or times with appropriate economic, social and ecological impacts. Both, the extension of urban areas and the departing from compact urban development forms (i.e. urban sprawl) have, despite the comparatively low population growth, increased the transport volume. Together with a continuing segregation of land, these developments imply settlement and/or spatial structures, which reduce the opportunities for the non-motorised and public transport and thus promote the motorised transport.

Land utilisation If you look at the land use in the year 2010, some 5.3 % (4,448.3 km²) of the total surface area of the Austrian Republic was consumed for construction and traffic use. Thus, on average each Austrian has used 532 m2 for buildings and traffic. The proportion of the total area of Austria used for traffic areas in the year 2010 was 2.4 %. Whereas in the permanent settlement areas, the proportion used for traffic areas was 6.4 %.

Population and population density The topographic conditions in Austria are influenced significantly by the Alps, which cover the whole country in an east-west direction. This fact means that only some 37 % of the overall area is suitable for permanent settlement. Thus settlement is in many parts of Austria concentrated in the valleys and basin areas and as a result reaches in this regions a very significant population density (2009: 258 inhabitants/km² settlement area). With 141 inhabitants per km² in 2009, Vorarlberg (with the exception Vienna's 4,069 inhabitants per km²) was the most densely populated state in Austria. The least densely populated states were Tyrol and Carinthia with inhabitation rates of only 56 or 59 inhabitants per km² respectively. Considered only in relation to the permanent settlement areas, Vorarlberg with 647 inhabitants per km² settlement area, was Austria’s most densely populated state (with the exception Vienna's 5,059 inhabitants per km² settlement area). Other densely populated states are Tyrol (469 inhabitants/km² settlement area) and Salzburg (365 inhabitants/km² settlement area). The lowest population density, taken in relation to the permanent settlement areas, is Burgenland (with 113 inhabitants/km² settlement area) and Austria as a whole (138 inhabitants/km² settlement area). Vorarlberg is therefore almost 6-times as densely settled as the Burgenland. These significant differences are a result of the already above mentioned topology differences between the States and the associated permanent settlement areas in each state.

4

ÖROK [2008]: 12. Raumordnungsbericht - Analysen und Berichte zur räumlichen Entwicklung Österreichs 2005 - 2007 (Spatial Planning Report - Analyses and Reports on Spatial Development in Austria, Vienna (page 28 f.)

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Demography Due to demographic changes, transport is increasingly gaining in importance. Over the last 50 years, the proportion of one-person households has doubled. Because today, nearly no one will (or can) live without the use of a car, the mobility behaviour of the population - especially of women - has changed greatly. The change in life styles of population groups and the associated effects on the traffic, can be described for example by the following characteristics: demographics, employment status (full-time or part-time employment and persons not working), age, gender, household size, family status and income.

Population On January 1st. 2010, the population of Austria was 8,375,290 persons, an increase of 1.6 % compared to 2005 and to almost 8 % more than in the year 1991. Considering the demographic development in the EU-member states from 1991 to 2009, Austria had a population growth of almost 8 % (EU-27 average 13 %). Luxembourg and Ireland experienced the most dynamic development within the EU with a growth of 27.5 % and 25.9 % respectively. However, the new EU-member states were in the same period 1991 to 2009 marked by a strong decline in population (with the exception of Cyprus, Malta, Slovakia, Slovenia and the Czech Republic). For instance, the population in Latvia declined by almost 15 % and in Estonia by around 14 % in this period.

Household size The average household size in 2001 was 2.38 persons - compared to 2.5 in 1991. By the year 2009 the average size was only 2.3 persons. Also in the period from 2001 to 2009, the number of households in Austria rose by around 8 % - from 3.3 million to 3.6 million. The greatest changes were in Vorarlberg and Tyrol, where the number of households increased by 10 % from 2001 to 2009. This can be particularly explained by the large increase in the number of single households during this period (Vorarlberg + 21 %). By comparison with the EU-27 figures, Slovakia has the highest average size with over 3 persons in each household, followed by Cyprus and Malta, with an average of just 3 people per household.

Employment In the year 2008, Austria's labour force counted 4.1 million people, of which around 3.5 million were employees. The growth of the employee portion of workers rose by 8 % between 2004 and 2008. However, the total level of employment (employees and self-employed) in Austria in this period increased on average by over 9 %, with the greatest increases occurring in Burgenland with an increase of over 11 %, Vienna with just over 10 % and Upper Austria with almost 10 %. As the atypical forms of employment are increasingly gaining in importance, all of these forms of employment are now being grouped together for the purposes of the labour force survey made by Statistics Austria. In Austria in 2009, there were 866,200 (54.4 %) working women and 134,300 (7.3 %) working men, thus in total over 1 million persons (28.3 % of all employed workers), employed on a part-time basis. In total there were approximately 1.5 million persons atypically employed, which represents 41.4 % of the total economically active employed persons. Some 70 % of all employed women and about 16 % of all employed men are employed atypically. In an EU-comparison, the employment rate in Austria of 72 % is significantly above the EU-27 average, which is just 65 %. The highest employment rate within the EU is in the Netherlands with 77 % and the lowest is found in Malta with just 55 %. The Austrian average unemployment rate (according to the national definition) was in 2009 a little more than 7 % (according to calculations by the AMS), with Carinthia having the highest unemployment rate of more than 9.3 %, followed by Vienna with 8.5 % and Burgenland with just 8.4 %. At almost 5 %, Upper Austria VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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had the lowest unemployment rate in 2009. In comparison with the other EU-27 member states, in the year 2009 Austria showed a very positive image concerning the unemployment rate (in accordance with the Eurostat definition), with the overall Austrian unemployment rate of 5 % is far below the EU-27 average of 9 %. High rates of unemployment were observed in Spain (18 %) and Latvia (17 %).

Economic basic facts - GDP In the year 2009, the Austrian gross domestic product (GDP) at current prices was EUR 275 billion, which is equivalent to a GDP per capita of EUR 32,800. In the period from 2005 to 2009, the Austrian GDP at current prices rose by around 13 %, which means an average annual growth of about 3 %. Considering the Austrian gross regional product (GRP) per capita at current prices, we saw very strong regional differences in 2009. While in Burgenland a GRP per capita of only 65 % of the average Austrian was generated, Vienna generated 131 %. The strongest growth in GRP at current prices in the period from 2000 to 2009 was observed in Upper Austria and Vorarlberg each with 24 %, while the least growth was recorded in Burgenland (+ 15 %). In comparison with the other EU-27 member states in the year 2009, Austria’s GDP of EUR 28,870 per capita was well above the EU-27 average of EUR 23,600 per capita. The highest per capita GDP in the EU area was in Luxembourg, with EUR 63,530. In contrast, the lowest per capita GDPs were in Bulgaria (EUR 9,660), Romania (EUR 10,670) and Latvia (EUR 11,420).

Foreign trade Austria maintains trading relations with around 150 countries and 72 % of the total the foreign trade is with countries of the EU. From 1996 to 2008, Austrian exports increased considerably from EUR 44 billion to around EUR 118 billion. However, in the year 2009 due to the global economic crisis, these exports declined to almost EUR 94 billion. Imports between 1996 and 2008 also significantly increased from EUR 52 billion to EUR 120 billion, but again in the year 2009 these also declined to around EUR 98 billion. Austria’s main trading partners within the EU-27 are Germany, Italy, the Czech Republic, and France, as well as Hungary. An important trading partner outside of the EU-27 member states is Switzerland. In comparison with the EU-27 member states, Austria has a high proportion of imports and exports (measured in percent of GDP) which is currently approximately 41 % of imports and 43 % of exports.

Consumer spending Consumer expenditure in Austrian households has more than doubled since 1985, from EUR 63 billion to EUR 152 billion in the year 2009. Spending in the area of "transport" increased from EUR 8.7 billion in 1985 to almost EUR 19 billion in 2009.

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2.1

Spatial Information

2.1.1 Land use Share of traffic area of total area and settelment area by federal states in Austria 2010 Date January 1st, 2010 in [km²]

Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

Area total

Road traffic area total

3.972

151,2

Share of traffic area of total area Austria

Settlement area

3,8%

Share of traffic Share of area of settlement area settlement area of total area

2.455

6,2%

61,8% 24,3%

9.537

193,3

2,0%

2.318

8,3%

19.178

625,1

3,3%

11.255

5,6%

58,7%

11.985

350,3

2,9%

6.563

5,3%

54,8%

7.154

101,6

1,4%

1.431

7,1%

20,0%

16.394

363,8

2,2%

4.944

7,4%

30,2%

12.648

129,9

1,0%

1.497

8,7%

11,8%

2.602

42,6

1,6%

592

7,2%

22,8%

415

56,3

13,6%

317

17,8%

76,4%

83.884

2.014,1

2,4%

31.373

6,4%

37,4% HERRY 2011

Source: BEV, Regional information of the land database prepared by the Environment Agency Austria, http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/fileadmin/site/umweltthemen/raumplanung/2_flaechenverbrauch/, February 2011; own calculations

Table 1: Share of traffic area of total area and settelment area by federal states in Austria 2010

Share of traffic area of settlement area by federal states in Austria 2010 in [percent] (1.1.2010) 80%

80%

76%

70%

70% 62% 59%

60%

60%

55%

50%

50% 37%

40% 30%

30%

30%

24%

23%

20%

20% 10% 4%

8%

6% 2%

3%

6%

3%

18%

7%

7%

5% 1%

40%

2%

12% 9% 1%

20%

14% 7%

6%

10%

2%

2%

0%

0% B

C

LA

UA

Share of settlement area of total area

S

ST

Share of traffic area of total area

T

V

VIE

Austria

Share of traffic area of settlement area

Source: BEV, regional information of the land database prepared by the Environment Agency Austria, http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/fileadmin/site/umweltthemen/raumplanung/2_flaechenverbrauch/, February 2011; own calculations

HERRY 2011

The share of permanent settlement area to the total area of the Austrian territory is 37,4 %.

Figure 1: Share of traffic area of settlement area by federal states in Austria 2010


Seite 5

2.1.2 Population density

Development of population density by federal states 1971 - 2010 [Inhabitants per km²] Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

[Inhabitants per km² settlement area]

1971

1981

1991

2001

2010

1971

1981

1991

2001

2010

69

68

68

70

72

108

107

108

110

116

55

56

57

59

59

215

219

224

229

241

74

74

77

80

84

123

123

127

133

143

103

106

109

115

118

180

186

195

201

215

57

62

67

72

74

279

305

332

355

370

73

72

71

72

74

230

229

228

228

244

43

46

49

53

56

362

390

420

448

472

107

117

127

135

142

488

538

584

618

623

3.907

3.702

3.624

3.748

4.097

4.857

4.591

4.617

4.648

5.359

89

90

92

96

100

231

233

240

248

267 HERRY 2011

Note: population 1.1.2010; area and settlement area, territorial units 1.1.2010 Source: Statistik Austria; own calculations

Table 2: Development of population density by federal states 1971 - 2010

Development of population density by federal states 1971 - 2010 in [inhabitants per km² settlement area] 700 650 600 550

Inhabitants/km² settlement area

500 450 400 350 300 250 200

Values for Vienna: 1971: 5.017 1981: 4.743 1991: 4.770 2001: 4.801 2009: 5.359

150 100 50 -

B

C

LA

Note: population of respective year; settlement area, territorial units 1.1.2010 Source: Statistik Austria; own calculations

UA

S 1971

ST 1981

1991

T 2001

V

VIE

Figure 2: Development of population density by federal states 1971 - 2010

Seite 6

Austria

2010


HERRY 2011

VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011 Innsbruck

Non permanent settlement area (forest, mountain pasture and badlands)

the boundaries of the federal states the boundaries of the political districts the boundaries of the communities

Bludenz

Feldkirch

Dornbirn

Bregenz

unsettled permanent settlement area

500 to under 1.500 1.500 to 6.706

118 to under 500

Population per ha settlement area of a community

0

Lienz

Zell am See

30

Salzburg

60 km

Villach

Wels

Klagenfurt

Steyr

Linz

Population density relative to the settlement area on 1.1.2010 by cummunities

Wolfsberg

Eisenstadt Wr.Neustadt

Wien

Source: Statistik Austria Created Date: 23.03.2011

Graz

Kapfenberg Leoben

Amstetten

St.Pölten

Krems

2.1.2.1 Population density in Austria

Map 1: Population density in Austria 2010

Seite 7

2.1.2.2 Population density in the EU and in selected non-EU countries Population density in the EU and selected non-EU countries 2009 [population at 1.1.2009] Accedence BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

1950

1.1.1973 1.1.1981 1.1.1986

1.1.1995

1.5.2004

1.1.2007

Population [1.000]

Area [km²]

10.750 82.002 64.367 60.045 494 16.486 5.506 4.450 61.596 11.260 45.828 10.627

Population [per km²]

30.528 357.114 551.500 301.336 2.586 37.354 43.094 70.273 242.900 131.957 505.992 92.090

352 230 117 199 191 441 128 63 254 85 91 115

8.355

83.879

100

5.326 9.256

338.149 441.370

16 21

396.349

3.230.122

123

10.468 1.340 797 2.261 3.350 10.031 414 38.136 2.032 5.412 7.607 21.499

78.867 45.227 9.251 64.559 65.300 93.028 316 312.685 20.273 49.035 110.879 238.391

133 30 86 35 51 108 1.312 122 100 110 69 90

499.696

4.317.932

116

Selected non-EU countries HR TR CH NO IS

4.435 71.517 7.702 4.799 319

56.594 783.562 41.277 323.802 103.000

79 91 187 15 3 HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, July 2010; own calculations

Table 3: Population density in the EU and selected non-EU countries 2009

Population density in the EU 2009 in [inhabitants per km²] 400

350

300

Inhabitants/km²

250

200

150

EU-15 average

EU-27 average

100

Values for Malta: 1.312

50

0

NL BE GB DE

IT

LU DK FR PT AT ES GR IE

SE

FI

MT CZ PL SK HU SI RO CY BG LT

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, July 2010; own calculations

Figure 3: Population density in the EU 2009

Seite 8


LV EE HERRY 2010

2.2

Socio-economic data

2.2.1 Demography 2.2.1.1 Population development Population development in Austria 1971 - 2009 Year 1971 1981 1991 1995 2001 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Index [1981=100]

Average annual change in [percent]

Change to previous period in [percent]

7.500

99,1

-

-

7.569

100,0

+0,1%

+0,9%

7.755

102,5

+0,2%

+2,5%

7.948

105,0

+0,6%

+2,5%

8.042

106,3

+0,2%

+1,2%

8.225

108,7

+0,6%

+2,3%

8.268

109,2

+0,5%

+0,5%

8.301

109,7

+0,4%

+0,4%

8.337

110,1

+0,4%

+0,4%

8.363

110,5

+0,3%

+0,3%

Population in [1.000]

HERRY 2010 Source: Statistik Austria, under http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsstand_und_veraend erung/bevoelkerung_im_jahresdurchschnitt/index.html, July 27th 2010; own calculations

Table 4: Population development in Austria 1971 - 2009

Population, balance of births and migration 1981 - 2009 in [1.000] 8.600

130 Please notice the different measurement scale.

120 110

8.400

100


80 70

8.000

60 50

7.800

40 30

7.600

20 10

7.400

0

Balance of births and migration in [1.000]

90

8.200

-10

7.200

-20 -30

7.000

population balance of births 1 balance of migration births over deaths according to statistics of natural population movement calculated net migration; 2001: balance of migation according to migration statistics "old" (1.1.2001-31.5.2001) and central register data (1.6.2001-31.12.2001); from 2002: balance of migation according to POPREG 1

2

2 1981-2000:

Source: Statistik Austria, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/services/stat_uebersichten/bevoelkerung/index.html, August 3rd 2010

HERRY 2010

Figure 4: Population, balance of births and migration 1981 - 2009


Seite 9

2.2.1.2 Population by age Population by age groups and sex in the annual average in Austria 2009 Male 0 to 5 years 5 to 10 years 10 to 15 years 15 to 20 years 20 to 25 years 25 to 30 years 30 to 35 years 35 to 40 years 40 to 45 years 45 to 50 years 50 to 55 years 55 to 60 years 60 to 65 years 65 to 70 years 70 to 75 years 75 to 80 years 80 to 85 years 85 to 90 years 90 to 95 years 95 years and more Total

Female

Total

202.638

192.958

395.596

209.361

198.418

407.779

231.404

220.516

451.920

257.290

244.844

502.134

263.460

257.629

521.089

278.407

276.166

554.573

267.489

266.465

533.954

306.917

309.642

616.559

359.645

351.602

711.247

348.095

341.370

689.465

289.061

292.899

581.960

240.900

250.515

491.415

216.564

232.206

448.770

222.421

250.383

472.804

146.065

176.519

322.584

113.630

158.567

272.197

76.715

140.608

217.323

36.028

97.917

133.945

7.418

24.629

32.047

2.239

9.242

11.481

4.075.747

4.293.095

8.368.842 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Population in the annual average 2009, http://sdb.statistik.at/superwebguest/login.do?guest=guest&db=debevstprog, July 27th 2010

Table 5: Population by age groups and sex in the annual average in Austria 2009

Population by age groups and sex in Austria 2009 95 and more years 90 to 95 years

male

female

85 to 90 years 80 to 85 years 75 to 80 years 70 to 75 years 65 to 70 years 60 to 65 years 55 to 60 years 50 to 55 years 45 to 50 years 40 to 45 years 35 to 40 years 30 to 35 years 25 to 30 years 20 to 25 years 15 to 20 yeas 10 to 15 years 5 to 10 years 0 to 5 years 400.000

300.000

200.000

100.000

0

100.000

200.000

Source: Statistik Austria, Population in annual average 2009, http://sdb.statistik.at; July 27th 2010

Figure 5: Population in Austria by age groups and sex in Austria 2009

Seite 10


300.000

400.000 HERRY 2010

Population development by age groups 1970 - 2009 Year 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Children and adolescents (0-14 years)

People in working age (15-64 years)

Elderly people (65 and more years)

TOTAL

Average age in [years]

1.819.259

4.596.767

1.051.060

7.467.086

36,1

1.760.714

4.691.119

1.127.070

7.578.903

36,3

1.541.395

4.845.110

1.162.928

7.549.433

37,0

1.383.802

5.107.367

1.073.815

7.564.984

37,6

1.345.495

5.185.743

1.146.612

7.677.850

38,1

1.415.837

5.329.993

1.202.448

7.948.278

38,5

1.365.466

5.410.260

1.235.840

8.011.566

39,5

1.352.356

5.446.570

1.244.120

8.043.046

39,7

1.345.772

5.468.650

1.249.218

8.063.640

39,9

1.339.290

5.510.504

1.250.479

8.100.273

40,1

1.329.838

5.551.836

1.260.899

8.142.573

40,3

1.317.793

5.573.121

1.334.364

8.225.278

40,5

1.304.156

5.585.940

1.377.852

8.267.948

40,7

1.286.619

5.601.431

1.412.904

8.300.954

40,9

1.269.556 1.252.435

5.629.109 5.646.432

1.437.884 1.464.173

8.336.549

41,1 41,3

8.363.040

HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Demographisches Jahrbuch 2009

Table 6: Population development by age groups 1970 - 2009

Population by age groups and federal states 2009 Children and adolescents (0-14 years) Federal state Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

Male

Female

Working age (15-64 years) Male

Elderly people (65 and more years)

Female

Male

Female

TOTAL Male

Female

19.580

18.881

95.977

93.284

23.076

32.708

138.633

144.873

41.142

39.390

186.665

186.542

43.814

62.503

271.621

288.435

125.162

118.593

535.237

529.752

126.524

171.347

786.923

819.692

114.084

108.566

480.008

468.899

99.094

140.390

693.186

717.855

42.641

40.408

178.176

182.147

36.191

49.751

257.008

272.306

86.466

82.594

410.369

402.274

92.946

132.939

589.781

617.807

56.808

53.986

239.985

241.357

47.912

64.744

344.705

360.087

32.296 123.609

30.926 117.303

125.413 573.867

124.047 592.433

23.596 112.228

31.783 172.627

181.305

186.756

809.704

882.363

641.788

610.647

2.825.697

2.820.735

605.381

858.792

4.072.866

4.290.174

Source: Statistik Austria, Population, Population by age groups 2009, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsstruktur/bevoelkerung_nach_alter_geschlecht/index.html, 03.Aug.2010

HERRY 2010

Table 7: Population by age groups and federal states 2009


Seite 11

2.2.1.3 Population by federal states in Austria

Population development by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009 Federal state Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

Change 1971/2009

1971

1981

1991

2001

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

272.319

270.202

272.951

276.331

278.466

279.590

280.577

282.172

283.506

526.759

536.630

550.042

559.745

559.093

559.453

560.118

560.579

560.056

1.420.816

1.432.534

1.479.187

1.542.033

1.574.536

1.584.525

1.593.032

1.601.183

1.606.615

1.229.972

1.271.856

1.320.567

1.375.473

1.397.572

1.402.281

1.405.535

1.409.123

1.411.041

+14,7%

405.115

442.611

484.807

515.949

523.356

525.300

526.570

528.276

529.314

+30,7%

1.195.023

1.189.892

1.174.524

1.185.275

1.198.543

1.201.495

1.203.770

1.206.206

1.207.588

+1,1%

544.483

587.650

628.284

673.595

690.668

695.296

698.377

702.063

704.792

+29,4% +32,8%

+4,1% +6,3% +13,1%

277.154

305.447

331.930

351.356

361.391

363.389

365.155

366.777

368.061

1.619.885

1.531.888

1.512.599

1.562.536

1.641.653

1.656.619

1.667.820

1.680.170

1.692.067

+4,5%

7.491.526

7.568.710

7.754.891

8.042.293

8.225.278

8.267.948

8.300.954

8.336.549

8.363.040

+11,6% HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistisches Jahrbuch Österreichs 2010; Statistik Austria, Population, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsstruktur/bevoelkerung_nach_alter_geschlecht/index.html, August 3rd 2010

Table 8: Population development by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009

Population by sex and federal states in Austria 2009 in [1.000]

1.800

1.692 1.607

1.600

1.411

1.400

1.208


1.200

1.000

800

705 560

600

529 368

400

284 200

0

B

C

LA

UA

S

ST

T

V

VIE

female

145

288

820

718

272

618

360

187

882

male

139

272

787

693

257

590

345

181

810

male female Source: Statistik Austria, Population, Population by age groups 2009, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsstruktur/bevoelkerung_nach_alter_geschlecht/index.html, August 3rd 2010

Figure 6: Population by sex and federal states in Austria 2009

Seite 12


HERRY 2010

2.2.2 Communities by classes of municipal size Number of communities by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009 Residential population1 5.001 to 10.001 to 501 to 1.000 1.001 to 2.500 2.501 to 5.000 10.000 20.000 inhabitants inhabitants inhabitants inhabitants inhabitants

Up to 500 inhabitants Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total 1

20.001 to 50.000 inhabitants

50.001 and more inhabitants

TOTAL

16

39

91

20

4

1

-

-

171

-

11

69

32

12

5

1

2

132

18

85

297

110

42

14

6

1

573

14

76

209

100

32

8

3

2

444

6

17

33

43

14

5

-

1

119

76

122

259

53

27

2

2

1

542

36

61

110

49

16

6

-

1

279

15

20

28

16

8

5

4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

181

431

1.096

423

155

46

16

9

2.357

96

HERRY 2010

Total population at 1.1.2009 based on the central register

Source: Statistik Austria, Gemeindeverzeichnis 1.1.2009, Wien 2009

Table 9: Number of communities by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009 Number of inhabitants1 by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009 Inhabitants size classes

1


50.001 and more inhabitants

501 to 1.000 inhabitants

5.436

30.610

144.728

63.759

25.883

12.763

-

-

-

9.143

118.688

109.098

81.514

64.982

25.314

152.336

561.075

5.478

65.893

482.393

358.578

297.742

184.975

158.953

51.528

1.605.540

5.713

57.221

351.075

347.615

208.950

106.176

86.770

247.623

1.411.143

2.237

12.563

55.458

151.626

92.013

68.173

-

148.289

530.359

26.253

89.414

408.780

172.506

185.769

24.836

46.924

253.549

1.208.031

11.216

45.797

171.328

167.318

110.903

81.104

-

118.051

705.717

4.880

14.748

49.970

55.675

55.386

63.485

123.789

-

367.933

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.680.266

1.680.266

61.213

325.389

1.782.420

1.426.175

1.058.160

606.494

441.750

2.651.642

8.353.243


1.001 to 2.500 2.501 to 5.000 5.001 to 10.000 inhabitants inhabitants inhabitants


Up to 500 inhabitants

TOTAL 283.179

HERRY 2010

Total population at 1.1.2009 based on the Central Register

Source: Statistik Austria, Gemeindeverzeichnis 1.1.2009, Wien 2009

Table 10: Number of inhabitants by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009

Percentage of the inhabitants by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009 in [percent] 100% 90%

5%

3%

9%

10%

18%

12%

6%

27%

80% 23% 12%

60% 50% 40%

15%

13% 15% 17%

22%

21%

17%

4% 2%

11%

15%

16%

34%

32%

17%

7%

5%

14%

100% 24%

25%

13%

15% 17%

19% 29%

20%

0%

19%

51%

30%

10%

8%

5%

70%

28%

30%

34%

15% 24%

25%

21% 10%

11% 2%

2%

4%

4%

2%

B

C

LA

UA

S

to 500 inhabitants

501 to 1.000 inhabitants



21%

14% 7% 2%

ST 5.001 to 10.000 inhabitants

6% 2%

4% 1%

T

V


4% 1%

VIE


Austria 50.001 and more inhabitants

Source: Statistik Austria, Gemeindeverzeichnis 1.1.2009, Wien 2009; own calculations

HERRY 2010

Figure 7: Percentage of the inhabitants by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009


Seite 13

2.2.2.1 Population development in the EU and in non-EU countries

Population development in the EU and non-EU countries 1971 - 2009 annual average in [1.000 ] 1971 BE DE 1 FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE

1991

2001

2005

2006

2007

2008

9.673

1981 9.859

10.004

10.263

10.446

10.511

10.585

10.667

2009 10.750

78.313

78.408

80.014

82.260

82.501

82.438

82.315

82.218

82.002

51.251

54.182

56.976

60.979

62.773

63.229

63.623

63.983

64.367

54.073

56.502

56.759

56.961

58.462

58.752

59.131

59.619

60.045

342

365

387

439

461

469

476

484

494

13.194

14.247

15.070

15.987

16.306

16.334

16.358

16.405

16.486

4.963

5.122

5.154

5.349

5.411

5.427

5.447

5.476

5.506

2.992

3.453

3.534

3.833

4.109

4.209

4.313

4.401

4.450

55.896

56.334

57.425

59.000

60.060

60.426

60.781

61.179

61.596

8.831

9.729

10.256

10.931

11.083

11.125

11.172

11.214

11.260

34.130

37.741

38.939

40.477

43.038

43.758

44.475

45.283

45.828

8.644

9.851

9.968

10.257

10.529

10.570

10.599

10.618

10.627

7.500

7.569

7.755

8.021

8.201

8.254

8.283

8.319

8.355

4.612

4.800

5.014

5.181

5.237

5.256

5.277

5.300

5.326

8.098

8.320

8.617

8.883

9.011

9.048

9.113

9.183

9.256

EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO

342.514

356.482

365.872

378.820

387.629

389.807

391.948

394.349

396.349

9.827

10.301

10.309

10.267

10.221

10.251

10.287

10.381

10.468

1.377

1.488

1.561

1.367

1.348

1.345

1.342

1.341

1.340

620

519

595

698

749

766

779

789

797

2.376

2.519

2.651

2.364

2.306

2.295

2.281

2.271

2.261

EU-27

k.A.

3.179

3.433

3.704

3.487

3.425

3.403

3.385

3.366

3.350

10.365

10.700

10.373

10.200

10.098

10.077

10.066

10.045

10.031

327

358

391

403

405

408

410

414

32.784

n/a

35.899

38.246

38.254

38.174

38.157

38.125

38.116

38.136

1.738

1.907

1.999

1.990

1.998

2.003

2.010

2.010

2.032

4.557

5.016

5.303

5.379

5.385

5.389

5.394

5.401

5.412

8.536

8.891

8.632

8.149

7.761

7.719

7.679

7.640

7.607

22.353

23.002

22.430

21.659

21.610

21.565

21.529

21.499

428.590

440.972

483.797

491.154

493.227

495.270

497.649

499.695

n/a

Selected non-EU countries HR TR CH NO IS 1

4.431 n/a

4.608 n/a

4.735 n/a

4.439

4.444

4.443

4.441

4.436

4.435

67.896

71.610

72.520

69.689

70.586

71.517

6.213

6.354

6.800

7.204

7.415

7.459

7.509

7.593

7.702

3.903

4.100

4.262

4.503

4.606

4.640

4.681

4.737

4.799

206

231

258

283

294

300

308

315

Quelle: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, Aug. 2010

Table 11: Population development in the EU and non-EU countries 1971 - 2009

Seite 14

319 HERRY 2010

including the former GDR


Population change in the EU 1991 to 2009 in [percent] 40% 33,9%

30%

27,5% 25,9%

20%

17,7% 15,6%

EU-27-Average

13,0% 9,8% 9,4%

10%

7,7% 7,5% 7,4% 7,3%

EU-15-Average 6,8% 6,6% 6,2%

5,8% 2,5%

2,1% 1,6%1,5%

0%

LU

IE

ES FR GR NL AT BE SE GB DK PT

FI

IT DE

CY MT SK

SI

-0,3%

CZ PL HU RO LT BG EE LV -3,3% -6,5%

-10%

-9,6% -11,9% -14,1% -14,7%

-20% Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, Aug. 2010; own calculations

HERRY 2010

Figure 8: Population change in the EU 1991 to 2009

Percentage of the population 2009 within the EU Percentage of EU-27 total population in [percent] 18% 16,4%

16% 14% 12,9%

12%

12,3% 12,0%

10%

9,2% 7,6%

8% 6%

4,3%

4%

3,3% 2,3% 2,2% 2,1%

2%

2,1% 2,0%

1,9% 1,7% 1,1% 1,1% 0,9% 0,1%

0%

DE

FR GB IT

ES NL GR BE PT SE AT DK FI

IE

LU

1,5%

1,1%

0,7% 0,5% 0,4% 0,3% 0,2%

PL RO CZ HU BG SK LT LV

SI

0,1%

EE CY MT HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, Aug. 2010; own calculations

Figure 9: Percentage of the population 2009 within the EU


Seite 15

2.2.3 Hausehold and family 2.2.3.1 Development of households in Austria

Number of households by federal states 1971 - 2009 in [1.000] Households 1971 Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

1981

1991

2001

By household size 2009 Change 1971/2009

2009

1 person

2 persons

3 persons

4 persons

∅ Household size 2009

5 and more persons

78

86

95

106

112

+43,6%

31

33

21

18

9

2,51

155

177

199

225

238

+53,5%

80

69

41

32

15

2,33

467

509

554

623

665

+42,4%

210

200

111

94

50

2,39

381

432

482

543

582

+52,8%

189

170

95

83

45

2,39

126

154

178

208

224

+77,8%

76

64

37

31

15

2,33

362

395

426

469

501

+38,4%

163

145

87

66

39

2,39

158

189

220

261

288

+82,3%

91

82

50

43

22

2,42

79

98

112

135

150

+89,9%

46

44

26

22

12

2,43

733

726

747

771

838

+14,3%

396

221

109

75

37

1,99

2.539

2.766

3.013

3.340

3.598

+41,7%

1.283

1.028

577

467

243

2,30 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, population census households and families 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2009 http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/bevoelkerung/haushalte_familien_lebensformen/haushalte/index.html, August 2010

Table 12: Number of households by federal states 1971 - 2009

Percentage of the private households by size of households 1951 - 20091 in [percent] 100%

80%

33%

32%

31%

28%

25%

70%

22%

21%

21%

20%

20%

20%

20%

16%

16%

16%

16%

16%

16%

16%

16%

21%

18%

17%

29%

29%

29%

29%

29%

29%

29%

29%

34%

34%

34%

34%

35%

35%

35%

35%

36%

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

18%

50%

29%

40%

26% 27%

26%

28%

27%

20% 10%

21%

16%

60%

30%

21%

22%

Break in the time series1

90%

18%

20%

1951

1961

26%

28%

30%

1971

1981

1991

0%

1-person 1

2-persons

3-persons

4 persons and more

1951 - 2001 population census, 2002 - 2050 household forecasts from 2008. - Private households according to living-party-concept

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistisches Jahrbuch Österreichs 2010

Figure 10: Percentage of the private households by size of households 1951 - 2009

Seite 16


HERRY 2010

Development of the average size of households 1951 - 2010 4,0 3,6

3,5

3,5

3,4

3,5

3,2

3,1

3,1

3,1

3,1

3,1

3,0

3,0

3,0

3,0

2,4

2,4

2,4

2,3

2,3

2,3

2,3

2,3

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

3,0

2,0

1,5

3,1

3,0

2,9

2,8

2,5

2,4

1,0


Persons

2,5

0,5

0,0

1951

1961

1971

1981

1991

2001

total 1

in multi-person households

1951 - 2001 population census, 2002 - 2050 household forecast from 2008


HERRY 2010

Figure 11: Development of the average size of households 1951 - 2010

Families by type of family 1994 - 2008 in [1.000] Singel parents Mothers With children under 15 years

1

Fathers

Total

With children under 15 years

without Total

Couples with

children in household

without Total

Life partnership with


without Total

Families total with


Total

1994 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

112

245

10

38

659

1.076

1.735

122

84

206

781

1.443

2.224

108

241

10

34

696

1.064

1.760

115

88

203

812

1.426

2.238

111

242

9

33

699

1.062

1.761

126

89

215

825

1.426

2.251

116

252

9

37

719

1.038

1.757

128

93

221

847

1.420

2.267

118

253

13

45

721

1.027

1.748

128

95

223

849

1.419

2.268

115

244

13

45

714

1.039

1.753

133

98

231

847

1.426

2.273

112

243

13

43

717

1.050

1.767

136

98

234

853

1.436

2.289

2004 1 2005 2006 2007 2008

113

248

12

45

702

994

1.695

160

134

294

862

1.420

2.282

115

254

10

46

718

980

1.698

159

135

293

877

1.414

2.292

111

251

9

44

725

990

1.716

162

138

300

887

1.424

2.311

111

258

8

44

722

983

1.704

168

141

309

889

1.426

2.315

106

251

8

45

727

985

1.712

174

144

318

901

1.425

break in time range: up to 2003 Microcensus (average of the months March, June, September and December); from 2004 Microcensus labour-force-survey (average of all weeks of a year and quarters)

2.326 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistisches Jahrbuch 2010

Table 13: Families by type of family 1994 - 2008


Seite 17

2.2.3.2 Private households in the EU Private households in the EU 2008 in [1.000]

BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

2 persons

1 person

TOTAL

3 persons

4 and more persons

Persons per private household

4.509 39.647 27.009 24.258 190 7.207 2.424 1.563 26.541 4.233 16.700 3.892

1.560 15.502 9.363 7.229 55 2.558 1.110 338 7.989 851 3.006 681

1.434 13.559 8.850 6.550 53 2.321 730 459 8.891 1.194 4.793 1.148

676 5.233 3.723 5.021 33 879 233 269 4.167 893 3.908 996

839 5.352 5.073 5.458 49 1.449 351 497 5.494 1.295 4.993 1.066

2,4 2,1 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,3 2,3 2,8 2,3 2,7 2,7 2,7

3.566

1.262

1.013

574

717

2,3

2.453 4.555

964 1.722

836 1.553

285 515

368 765

2,2 2,0

168.717

53.146

53.146

28.007

34.418

2,3

4.319 548 268 865 1.413 3.800 138 13.051 774 1.714 2.882 7.384

1.071 189 43 231 367 916 26 3.224 160 415 530 1.580

1.356 163 73 223 369 1.151 35 3.041 193 384 784 1.839

842 96 46 191 304 768 31 2.597 163 322 663 1.551

1.050 100 106 220 373 965 46 4.189 257 593 905 2.415

2,4 2,4 3,0 2,6 2,4 2,6 3,0 2,9 2,6 3,2 2,6 2,9

205.870

61.555

62.173

35.821

46.321

2 HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, August 2010; own calculations

Table 14: Private households in the EU 2008

Private households by size of households in the EU 2008 in [percent] 100% 90% 80%

15% 15% 14% 17%

10%

12% 13%

11%

70% 60%

20% 20% 19% 19% 21% 23%

18% 26%

12% 16% 14% 15% 16% 17%

30%

50%

32%

33% 32% 28%

29%

30% 39% 39% 38% 36% 35% 35% 35%

20%

33% 33% 33% 31%

40%

20% 21% 21% 22% 23%

20% 19%

27% 28%

46%

25% 32% 35%

17%

30%

34%

40%

20%

22% 22%

17% 21% 23% 26% 34%

25% 26% 24%

18% 21%

34% 34%

32% 31% 30% 27%

30% 30% 29%

10%

26% 26% 31% 28%

29% 30%

30% 23% 22%

25% 25%

26%

27% 27%

35% 22% 20% 18% 18%

27% 26% 25% 25% 24% 24% 21% 21%

19%

18%

16%

0%

DK FI DE

SE NL AT FR BE GB IT 1-person

LU

2-persons

IE GR ES PT 3-persons

EE LV LT CZ PL SK HU RO SI MT BG CY 4 and more persons

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database August 2010; own calculations

Figure 12: Private households by size of households in the EU 2008

Seite 18


HERRY 2010

2.2.4 Employment 2.2.4.1 Employed persons in place of home/work Employed persons in place of home/work by federal states and sex 1971 - 2009 in [1.000] employed persons at home 1971 Male Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

1981 Female

Male

73 132 358 311 103 299 136 72 397

38 66 219 194 63 172 71 40 310

73 138 383 343 118 308 153 86 377

1.881

1.173

1.979

1991 Female

Male

2009

2001 Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

43 80 247 225 83 196 94 53 312

72 140 395 360 130 303 171 96 382

44 89 266 240 94 199 108 60 321

72 138 404 363 136 302 180 97 383

50 97 297 262 106 218 127 66 327

74 141 414 389 144 313 195 101 416

61 119 362 320 128 269 168 83 382

1.333

2.048

1.420

2.075

1.550

2.186

1.892

employed persons at work 1971 Male Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

1981 Female

Male

1991 Female

Male

2001 Female

Male

2009 Female

Male

Female

52 127 325 311 106 294 137 70 452

33 65 199 191 64 170 71 38 334

52 127 326 333 121 292 149 79 462

36 77 213 220 85 191 94 49 354

48 130 332 349 136 285 166 85 473

36 86 224 234 96 194 106 55 369

51 131 344 357 142 288 176 89 460

40 94 251 256 109 214 126 62 378

52 133 340 384 146 302 189 93 508

1.874

1.165

1.941

1.319

2.005

1.401

2.036

1.530

2.147

47 117 302 312 132 263 166 78 456 1.874 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Population Census 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, Microcensus Labour-Force-Survey 2009

Table 15: Employed persons in place of home/work by federal states and sex 1971 - 2009

Change of the employed persons at home/work by federal states and sex 1991 - 2009 in [percent] +60%

+50%

+40%

+30%

+20%

+10%

+0%

working population at home male working population at home female working population at work male working population at work female

B

C

LA

UA

S

ST

T

V

VIE

AT

3,4%

+0,4%

+4,7%

+7,9%

+10,8%

+3,4%

+13,9%

+5,1%

8,9%

+6,7%

+39,1%

+33,7%

+36,3%

+33,5%

+35,2%

+35,0%

+56,1%

+38,2%

+19,2%

+33,2%

7,9%

+2,4%

+2,3%

+10,2%

+6,9%

5,8%

+13,9%

+9,4%

+7,3%

+7,1%

+30,0%

+35,6%

+34,7%

+33,6%

+37,1%

+35,5%

+56,7%

+41,2%

+23,7%

+33,8%

Source: Statistik Austria, Population Census 1991, 2001, Microcensus Labour-Force-Survey 2009; own calculations

HERRY 2010

Figure 13: Change of the employed persons at home/work by federal states and sex 1991 to 2009


Seite 19

2.2.4.2 Development of the employment

Development of the employed persons1 by federal states 1971 - 2009 in [1.000] 1971 ² Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

1981 ²

1991 ²

2001 ²

2002 ³

2003 ³

2004 4

Including employees 2008

2008 4

Including employees 2008

2009

112 204 590 518 171 482 214 118 725

118 227 645 581 205 519 255 141 720

120 243 692 629 235 533 294 163 775

133 258 762 675 263 568 334 177 817

125 253 728 661 256 546 324 169 728

129 247 730 674 258 551 329 168 739

123 245 723 651 251 540 327 172 713

137 263 792 714 273 587 357 182 785

117 224 672 617 234 501 304 162 699

135 259 776 709 272 582 363 184 798

3.133

3.412

3.684

3.987

3.791

3.826

3.744

4.090

3.528

4.078

1

without civil and military servants

²

Population Census 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 (fixed date survey)

117 223 666 611 233 502 311 163 706 3.532 HERRY 2010

3

break in the time series: Microcensus - basis of the projection: population projections based on the Population Census 2001

4

break in the time series: Microcensus - from 2004 annual average over all weeks

Source: Statistik Austria, Population Census 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001; from 2002 Microcensus; Labour-Force-Concept

Table 16: Development of the employed persons by federal states 1971 - 2009

Development of the employed persons 2000 - 2009 annual average in [1.000], change over previous year in [percent] 2000 1 in [%] in [1.000] Economically active persons (15-64 years) employed persons (15-64 years) Labour force potential Self-employed persons Employees Apprentices (WKÖ) registered unemployed (AMS)

2002 2 in [%] in [1.000]

2004 2 in [%] in [1.000]

2006 in [%] in [1.000]

2008 in [%] in [1.000]

3.918

+0,2%

3.947

+1,4%

3.939

-0,7%

4.124

+2,3%

4.252

+0,9%

4.282

3.779

+0,4%

3.791

+1,0%

3.744

-1,4%

3.928

+2,7%

4.090

+1,5%

4.078

-0,3%

3.420

+0,5%

3.444

+1,6%

3.425

-1,2%

3.518

+1,0%

3.659

+1,6%

3.703

+1,2%

+0,7%

492

-1,4%

497

-0,2%

478

-2,4%

532

+4,8%

562

-2,7%

545

-3,0%

3.133

+0,9%

3.294

+1,1%

3.267

-1,2%

3.397

+2,4%

3.528

+2,3%

3.528

+0,0%

127

-0,6%

121

-2,6%

119

+0,0%

126

+2,9%

132

+1,6%

132

-0,2%

194

-12,4%

232

+14,0%

244

+1,6%

239

-+5,3%

162

-12,5%

204

26,0%

Note: population in private households, without civil and military servants 1

Microcensus: Microcensus - basis of the projection: population projections based on the Population Census 1991

2

Microcensus - basis of the projection: population projections based on the Population Census 2001

Source: Statistik Austria - Microcensus Labour-Fource-Survey; Labour-Force-Concept

Table 17: Development of the employed persons 2000 - 2009

Seite 20

2009 in [%] in [1.000]


HERRY 2010

2.2.4.3 Employed persons by status in employment Employed persons by status in employment 2009 in [1.000] 900

employees1

workers

federal government employees

800 700

265

500 400 300

WOMEN

76

72

29 38

Trained activity

Skilled worker activity

Middle activity

Higher activity

Highly qualified activity

MEN

28 12 Leading activity

49

18 7

Leading activity

52

12 8

Highly qualified activity

61 Higher activity

Apprentices

1 including freelancer Source: Statistik Austria, Microcensus 2009

80 Middle activity

75

82

128

165

28

Ancillary activity

73

Skilled worker

23

22 38

Trained activity

Skilled worker

49 Trained activity

59 14

143

124

75

39

148

Labourer

100

170

321

100

Foremen, masters

200

0

565

256

Apprentices

Dependent working population in [1.000]

600

HERRY 2010

Figure 14: Employed persons by status in employment 2009

2.2.4.4 Employed persons by types of employment

Employed persons by full/part-time jobs and fluctuating working time 1999 - 2009 in [percent] 100%

4%

5%

4%

5%

5%

5%

6%

6%

7%

8%

9%

90% 32%

32%

80%

34%

35%

36%


70% 60% 50%

96%

96%

95%

96%

95%

40% 68%

68%

66%

30%

65%

38%

39%

95%

64%

94%

62%

40%

94%

61%

41%

93%

60%

42%

92%

59%

43%

91%

58%

57%

20% 10% 0%

1999 1999

2000 2000

2001 2001

Full-time men 1

2002 2002

2003 2003

Part-time men

2004 2004

2005 2005

2006 2006

Full-time women

2007 2007

2008 2008

2009 2009

Part-time women

break in time range: up to 2003 average of the quarterly survey; 2004 Microcensus Labour-Force-Survey, annual average

Source: Statistik Austria, Microcensus 2009

HERRY 2010

Figure 15: Employed persons by full/part-time jobs and fluctuating working time 1999 - 2009


Seite 21

2.2.4.5 Atypical employment relationships

Atypical employment relationships by sex 2009 Annual average Women in [%] in [1.000] Part-time workers 1 Fixed-term employment contract Temporary work Freelancer Atypical employees total Employed persons TOTAL 1

Men in [%] in [1.000]

in [%]

1.001

28,3%

866

51,4%

188

11,2%

88

4,8%

276

7,8%

65

3,9%

44

2,4%

109

3,1%

54

134

TOTAL in [1.000]

3,2%

7,3%

24

1.173

69,6%

1.685

100,0%

1,3%

290 1.848

77

15,7%

1.463

100,0%

3.532

2,2% 41,4% 100,0% HERRY 2010

employees, who are regulary working less than 36 hours per week; self-allocation

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistische Nachrichten 6/2010

Table 18: Atypical employment relationships by sex 2009

2.2.4.6 Development of the labour force participation and employment rate

Development of the labour force participation and employment rate by sex 1971 - 2008 in [percent] Labour force paticipation rate males females total 1971 1981 1991 2001 2002 2003 1

Employment rate males

females

total

48,0 52,6 54,0 59,9 61,2

65,9

49,2

85,4 82,3 77,0 76,2 76,1

49,5

76,3

61,6

68,9

54,6 57,0 56,7 56,0 56,3

30,4 34,6 37,7 41,5 42,5

46,9

56,4

43,1

41,8 45,2 48,5

67,1 65,6 68,1 68,7

Break in the time series 2004 2 2005 2006 2007 2008 1 2

55,4

42,9

49,0

74,9

60,7

67,8

55,9 56,6 57,7 57,6

43,9 44,8 45,5 46,2

49,7

75,4 76,9 78,4 78,5

62,0 63,5 64,4 65,8

68,6

50,6 51,4 51,7

Microcensus up to 2003: average of the quarterly survey Microcensus from 2004: annual average

70,2 71,4 72,1 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Microcensus, Population Census 1971 - 1991 (Livelihood-Concept); Microcensus Labour-Force-Survey 2001 - 2008 (Labour-Force-Concept)

Table 19: Development of the labour force participation and employment rate by sex 1971 - 2008

Seite 22


2.2.4.7 Employed persons in the EU Employed persons, employment rate, part-time employment rate, unemployment rate in the EU 2004 and 2009 2004 Employed persons 2 in [1.000] Males BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27 1

Females

TOTAL

2009

Employment rate1 [%]

Part-time employment rate1 [%]

Unemployment rate [%]

Employed persons2 in [1.000] Males

Females

TOTAL

Employment rate1 [%]

Part-time employment rate1 [%]

Unemployment rate [%]

2.354

1.785

4.139

60,3

12,8

8,4

2.429

1.991

4.421

61,6

23,4

7,9

19.723

16.118

35.841

65,0

14,0

9,5

20.859

17.938

38.797

70,9

26,1

7,5

13.173

11.207

24.380

63,1

10,4

9,6

13.488

12.216

25.704

64,2

17,3

9,5

13.622

8.783

22.404

58,0

7,2

8,0

13.789

9.236

23.025

57,5

14,3

7,8

111

76

186

61,6

10,9

4,8

124

93

217

65,2

18,2

5,2

4.513

3.592

8.106

73,1

33,0

4,6

4.648

3.948

8.596

77,0

48,3

3,4

1.464

1.274

2.738

75,7

16,3

5,5

1.459

1.318

2.776

75,7

26,0

6,0

1.080

785

1.865

66,3

10,9

4,5

1.038

879

1.917

61,8

21,2

11,9

15.057

12.963

28.020

71,6

17,8

4,7

15.448

13.475

28.923

69,9

26,1

7,6

2.671

1.642

4.313

59,4

2,6

10,5

2.718

1.791

4.509

61,2

6,0

9,5

10.934

7.037

17.971

61,1

5,3

11,0

10.646

8.242

18.888

59,8

12,8

18,0

2.784

2.339

5.123

67,8

5,6

6,7

2.688

2.367

5.054

66,3

11,6

9,6

2.062

1.682

3.744

67,8

13,4

4,8

2.186

1.892

4.078

71,6

24,6

4,8

1.229

1.136

2.365

67,6

8,9

8,8

1.255

1.202

2.457

68,7

14,0

8,2

2.234

2.056

4.290

72,1

16,4

6,3

2.359

2.140

4.499

72,2

27,0

8,3

93.011

72.475

165.485

64,7

12,2

8,1

95.134

78.727

173.861

65,9

21,6

9,0

2.647

2.044

4.691

64,2

2,8

8,3

2.824

2.111

4.934

65,4

5,5

6,7

299

296

596

63,0

4,4

9,7

288

308

596

63,5

10,5

13,8

192

147

340

68,9

4,4

4,7

210

171

381

69,9

8,4

5,3

521

497

1.018

62,3

6,0

10,4

478

505

983

60,9

8,9

17,1

732

701

1.433

61,2

5,1

11,4

680

736

1.416

60,1

8,3

13,7

2.117

1.783

3.900

56,8

2,5

6,1

2.045

1.737

3.782

55,4

5,6

10,0

103

45

148

54,0

4,5

7,3

108

54

162

54,9

11,3

7,0

7.565

6.229

13.794

51,7

5,1

19,0

8.722

7.147

15.868

59,3

8,4

8,2

513

430

943

65,3

5,2

6,3

531

450

981

67,5

10,6

5,9

1.191

977

2.168

57,0

1,4

18,2

1.326

1.040

2.366

60,2

3,6

12,0

1.550

1.373

2.923

54,2

2,4

12,1

1.732

1.521

3.254

62,6

2,3

6,8

4.926

4.178

9.103

57,7

10,6

8,1

5.101

4.143

9.244

58,6

9,8

6,9

115.367

91.174

206.542

63,0

17,2

9,1

119.177

98.650

217.827

64,6

18,8

8,9 HERRY 2010

from the age between15 and 64 years

² from the age of 15 years Source: Eurostat, Main results from the EU Labour Force Survey 2004 and 2009; New Cronos, Aug. 2010

Table 20: Employed persons, employment rate, part-time employment rate, unemployment rate in the EU 2004 and 2009

Employment and part-time employment rate in the EU 2009 in [percent]

90% 80% 70%

EU-15-Average

Employment rate

EU-27-Average

60% 50% 40% 30% EU-15-Average

Part-time participation rate

20%

EU-27-Average

10% 0%

NL DK SE AT DE GB FI

PT LU FR

IE

BE GR ES

IT

Participation rate

CY

SI CZ EE BG LV SK LT PL RO HU MT

Part-time participation rate

Source: Eurostat, Main results from the EU Labour Force Survey 2004 and 2009; New Cronos, Aug. 2010

HERRY 2010

Figure 16: Employment and part-time employment rate in the EU 2009


Seite 23

2.2.4.8 Unemployment in Austria

Registered unemployed in Austria 1970 - 2009 Annual average 1970

1980

1990

2000

2004

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

3.852


2.213

5.640

6.840

2009 Male

7.978

Change 2000 - 2009

Female

4.752

TOTAL

3.545

8.297

Male

Female

TOTAL

+28,71%

+12,62%

+21,30%

7.877

8.433

13.741

15.486

16.926

12.413

8.608

21.021

+50,19%

+19,21%

+35,74%

10.266

8.253

26.671

31.888

40.507

25.723

18.067

43.790

+43,49%

+29,41%

+37,33%

8.146

6.547

22.966

22.385

26.181

18.209

12.679

30.888

+55,13%

+19,09%

+37,99%

2.450

2.719

7.032

9.067

11.810

7.225

5.507

12.733

+51,19%

+28,44%

+40,43%

10.820

8.784

27.161

29.486

33.166

23.712

15.452

39.165

+49,27%

+13,60%

+32,82%

4.183

4.169

11.837

13.546

16.368

11.112

9.086

20.198

+57,10%

+40,37%

+49,10%

803

610

3.588

5.960

8.918

6.006

5.160

11.166

+109,91%

+66,51%

+87,34%

10.956

11.433

47.161

59.655

82.025

44.431

28.621

73.052

+25,91%

+17,46%

+22,46%

59.353

53.161

165.795

194.314

243.880

153.583

106.726

260.309

+42,86%

+22,95%

+33,96% HERRY 2010

Rounding differences within average values possible. Source: AMS; Statistik Austria, Statistisches Jahrbuch Österreichs 2010

Table 21: Registered unemployed in Austria 1970 - 2009

Development of the unemployment rate1 by federal states 1970 - 2009 in [percent] 10% 9,3%

9%

7%

8,5%

8,4% 7,9% 7,6%

8%

7,3%

7,2%

6,4%

6,7%

6,4%

7,2%

5,8%

5,4% 4,7%

5%

7,2%

6,3%

5,8%

6%

4%

7,7%

7,5% 7,0%

5,1%

4,9%

4,5%

4,4%

4,3%

4,1%

4,0% 3,4%

5,8% 5,4%

4,9% 4,8%

3,4%

3%

2,8%

2,6% 2,0% 1,8%

2%

2,2% 1,6%

1,5%

1,4%

2,0% 2,0% 1,5%

1,4%

0,9%

0,6% 0,5%

1%

1,9% 1,8%

0%

B 1 registered

C

LA

unemployed refered to the dependent workforce

UA

S 1970

ST 1980

T 1990

V 2000

VIE

2009

Source: AMS; Statistik Austria- job market, under: http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/arbeitsmarkt/arbeitslose_arbeitssuchende/arbeitslose_nationale_definition (request: August 18th 2010)

Figure 17: Development of the unemployment rate by federal states 1970 - 2009

Seite 24


Austria

HERRY 2010

2.2.4.9 Unemployment in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 1971 - 2009

Development of the unemployment rate in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 2000 - 2009 in [percent] 2000 Male

2003

Female

TOTAL

Male

2004

Female

TOTAL

Male

2009

Female

TOTAL

Male

Female

TOTAL

BE

5,6

8,5

6,9

7,6

8,9

8,2

7,5

9,5

8,4

7,8

8,1

7,9

DE 1 FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO

6,0

8,7

7,2

8,2

10,1

9,0

8,7

10,5

9,5

8,0

6,9

7,5

7,6

10,9

9,1

8,6

10,5

9,5

8,7

10,5

9,6

9,2

9,8

9,5

7,8

13,6

10,1

6,5

11,3

8,4

6,4

10,5

8,0

6,8

9,3

7,8

1,8

3,1

2,3

3,0

4,7

3,7

3,3

6,8

4,8

4,6

6,0

5,2

2,2

3,6

2,8

3,5

3,9

3,7

4,3

4,8

4,6

3,4

3,5

3,4

3,9

4,8

4,3

4,8

6,1

5,4

5,1

6,0

5,5

6,5

5,4

6,0

4,3

4,2

4,3

5,0

4,3

4,7

4,9

4,1

4,5

14,9

8,0

11,9

5,8

4,8

5,4

5,5

4,3

4,9

5,0

4,2

4,7

8,6

6,4

7,6

7,5

17,2

11,3

6,2

15,0

9,7

6,6

16,2

10,5

6,9

13,2

9,5

8,0

16,8

11,4

8,4

16,0

11,5

8,1

15,0

11,0

17,7

18,4

18,0

7,3

10,3

8,7

6,2

9,9

7,8

7,1

9,9

8,3

5,9

7,7

6,7

13,8 3,1 14,4 18,6 7,0 6,4 14,4 6,5 18,9 16,7 7,2

11,8 7,1 12,9 14,1 5,6 7,4 18,1 7,1 18,6 16,2 6,3

12,8 4,8 13,7 16,4 6,4 6,7 16,1 6,7 18,8 16,4 6,8

10,2 3,6 10,6 12,7 6,1 6,9 19,0 6,3 17,4 14,1 7,2

9,9 4,7 10,4 12,2 5,6 9,1 20,4 7,1 17,7 13,2 6,3

10,0 4,1 10,5 12,4 5,9 7,6 19,6 6,7 17,6 13,7 6,8

10,4 3,6 10,6 11,0 6,1 6,6 18,2 5,8 17,4 12,5 8,6

8,9 6,0 10,2 11,8 6,1 8,8 19,9 6,8 19,2 11,5 6,5

9,7 4,7 10,4 11,4 6,1 7,3 19,0 6,3 18,2 12,0 7,6

16,9 5,2 20,3 17,1 10,3 6,7 7,8 5,9 11,4 7,0 7,7

10,6 5,5 13,9 10,4 9,7 7,6 8,7 5,8 12,8 6,6 5,8

13,8 5,3 17,1 13,7 10,0 7,0 8,2 5,9 12,0 6,8 6,9

EU-27

7,4

10,2

8,6

8,1

10,2

9,0

8,1

10,2

9,1

9,0

8,8

8,9

3,2

4,9

4,0

5,4

7,2

6,3

5,9

7,6

6,7

9,0

10,3

9,6

3,1

4,3

3,6

4,0

4,7

4,3

4,4

5,3

4,8

5,0

4,6

4,8

9,1

10,6

9,8

9,2

8,9

9,0

8,7

8,9

8,8

8,9

7,6

8,2

5,9

5,3

5,6

6,0

5,2

5,6

6,5

6,1

6,3

8,6

8,0

8,3

6,4

9,3

7,7

7,0

9,3

8,0

7,2

9,3

8,1

9,1

9,0

9,0

Selected non-EU countries IS NO CH HR

n/a 3,6

n/a 3,2

n/a 3,4

n/a 4,9

n/a 4,0

n/a 4,5

n/a 4,8

n/a 4,0

n/a 4,4

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

12,8

15,6

14,1

12,0

15,6

13,6

n/a 3,6 n/a 8,0

n/a 2,6 n/a 10,3

n/a 3,1 n/a 9,1 HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos, Aug. 2010

Table 22: Development of the unemployment rate in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 2000 - 2009


Seite 25

Unemployment rate in the EU 2009 in [percent] 25%

20%

15%

EU-27-Average

10%

5%

0%

ES

IE

PT FR GR SE

FI

BE

IT GB DE DK LU AT NL TOTAL

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, Aug. 2010

LV EE LT SK HU PL MT RO BG CZ SI

male

female

CY

HERRY 2010

Figure 18: Unemployment rate in the EU 2009

2.2.5 Economic basis 2.2.5.1 Development of the gross domestic product (GDP) and gross regional product (GRP)

Development of the gross domestic product (GDP) and of the GDP per capita in Austria 1976 - 2009 GDP at current prices

GDP at constant prices (at 2005 prices)

GDP per capita at current prices

Index Annual change [1976=100]

in [EUR]

in [bn EUR]

Index [1976=100]

in [bn EUR]

1976

55,60

100

7.350

100

125,84

100

16.630

100

1980

76,60

138

+7,4%

10.150

138

+7,3%

141,63

113

-0,1%

18.760

113

+1,8%

1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

103,42

186

+5,5%

13.670

186

+5,5%

152,17

121

+2,3%

20.120

121

+2,4%

136,21

245

+7,4%

17.740

241

+7,0%

175,42

139

+3,3%

22.850

137

+3,4%

174,61

314

+4,6%

21.970

299

+3,7%

194,30

154

+2,2%

24.450

147

+2,4%

207,53

373

+4,8%

25.900

352

+4,9%

225,10

179

+0,5%

28.100

169

+3,4%

212,50

382

+2,4%

26.420

359

+2,0%

226,27

180

+0,5%

28.130

169

+0,1%

218,85

394

+3,0%

27.080

368

+2,5%

230,00

183

+1,6%

28.460

171

+1,2%

223,30

402

+2,0%

27.510

374

+1,6%

231,84

184

+0,8%

28.560

172

+0,4%

232,78

419

+4,2%

28.490

388

+3,6%

237,74

189

+2,5%

29.100

175

+1,9%

243,58

438

+4,6%

29.610

403

+3,9%

243,58

194

+2,5%

29.610

178

+1,8%

256,95

462

+5,5%

31.080

423

+5,0%

252,35

201

+3,6%

30.520

184

+3,1%

272,01

489

+5,9%

32.770

446

+5,4%

261,76

208

+3,7%

31.530

190

+3,3%

283,09

509

+4,1%

33.960

462

+3,6%

267,46

213

+2,2%

32.080

193

+1,7%

274,32

493

-+3,1%

32.800

446

-3,4%

257,07

204

-3,9%

30.740

185

-


in [EUR]

Year

-


GDP per capita at constant prices (at 2005 prices)

-

Source: OeNB; Statistik Austria, national accounts main results 1976 - 2009; own calculations

Table 23: Development of the gross regional product (GRP) and the GRP per capita in Austria from 1976 - 2008

Seite 26


Annual change -

-4,2% HERRY 2010

Development of the gross regional product (GRP) and the GRP per capita in Austria from 1976 - 2008 GRP at current prices

Index [1976=100]

Annual change

6.600

100

+11,9%

+8,4%

9.200

139

+9,5%

+5,9%

12.300

186

+6,0%

253

+8,2%

16.400

248

+7,2%

174.613

349

+12,4%

22.100

335

+12,2%

207.529

415

+4,8%

25.904

392

+4,8%

212.499

425

+2,4%

26.423

400

+2,4%

218.848

437

+3,0%

27.078

410

+3,0%

223.302

446

+2,0%

27.506

417

+2,0%

232.782

465

+4,2%

28.494

432

+4,2%

243.585

487

+4,6%

29.614

449

+4,6%

256.162

512

+5,2%

30.983

469

+5,2%

270.782

541

+5,7%

32.621

494

+5,7%

283.085

566

+4,5%

34.000

515

+5,7%

in [m EUR]

Year 1976 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

GRP per capita at current prices

Index [1976=100]

Annual change

50.024

100

+11,0%

69.076

138

93.274

186

126.450

in [EUR]

HERRY 2010

Note: Concept ESVG 95, VGR-revision status: July 2010 Source: Statistik Austria, national accounts, regional accounts

Table 24: Development of the gross regional product (GRP) and the GRP per capita in Austria from 1976 - 2008

GRP per capita by federal states 2000, 2007 and 2008 Index [Austria=100] 160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

B

C

LA

UA

S

ST

T

V

VIE

2000

64

82

81

96

113

85

102

103

141

2007

66

85

82

98

114

87

105

104

133

2008

65

84

82

99

114

87

104

105

132

Note: concept ESVG 95, VGR-revision status: July 2010 Source: Statistik Austria, national accounts, regional accounts

HERRY 2010

Figure 19: GRP per capita by federal states 2000, 2007 and 2008


Seite 27

2.2.5.2 Development of the gross domestic product (GDP) in the EU and in selected non-EU countries

Development of the gross domestic product (GDP) at current prices and purchasing power standards (PPS) in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 2000 - 2009 in [bn EUR] 1995 BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

2000

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Share of EU-27 (2009) in %

Change 2000/2009

189,4

246,2

282,0

293,5

306,2

309,3

294,0

2,5%

+55,2%

1.513,1

1.855,1

2.166,4

2.262,8

2.376,1

2.365,9

2.232,5

18,9%

+47,5%

1.046,6

1.334,9

1.565,7

1.629,8

1.723,0

1.733,9

1.633,0

13,8%

+56,0%

1.026,1

1.267,7

1.381,5

1.451,5

1.531,0

1.526,6

1.444,6

12,3%

+40,8%

12,7

20,4

26,6

30,4

32,9

33,9

31,3

0,3%

+147,6%

284,0

407,3

479,8

506,9

542,1

552,5

507,6

4,3%

+78,7%

99,7

133,8

150,7

159,6

164,9

165,3

152,8

1,3%

+53,2%

54,6

94,8

134,4

146,3

160,8

150,8

138,1

1,2%

+152,7%

967,8

1.335,4

1.651,1

1.726,5

1.779,6

1.784,8

1.692,8

14,4%

+74,9%

116,0

174,8

229,2

245,2

258,6

265,6

251,6

2,1%

+116,9%

530,3

746,7

995,1

1.089,9

1.174,9

1.172,6

1.127,4

9,6%

+112,6%

116,8

157,9

188,2

197,3

206,6

209,0

196,4

1,7%

+68,1%

155,3

200,5

230,2

244,4

255,4

259,2

241,2

2,0%

+55,4%

+69,4%

82,3

115,5

134,8

142,0

155,5

156,0

139,3

1,2%

159,5

215,7

247,3

264,0

285,5

283,7

265,1

2,2%

+66,2%

6.354,2

8.306,6

9.863,0

10.390,2

10.953,6

10.969,3

10.347,9

87,8%

+62,9%

109,4

134,0

174,6

187,0

205,9

210,1

199,0

1,7%

+81,9%

7,5

11,8

18,7

21,0

23,3

22,7

19,8

0,2%

+164,4%

8,2

11,7

15,5

16,6

18,3

19,1

18,5

0,2%

+126,5%

11,3

16,6

25,1

27,9

31,6

32,4

25,8

0,2%

+128,7%

18,8

26,2

40,6

44,4

49,9

52,1

41,8

0,4%

+122,1%

77,9

107,6

143,2

150,6

156,9

162,0

148,9

1,3%

+91,3%

6,2

7,1

7,4

7,8

7,9

7,6

0,1%

n/a

241,7

351,6

440,6

468,3

516,9

539,1

546,6

4,6%

+126,2%

20,9

30,2

39,4

41,6

44,6

46,3

42,1

0,4%

+101,5%

36,3

51,5

72,9

80,8

90,9

97,9

91,4

0,8%

+151,6%

39,9

43,2

59,8

66,2

71,8

78,8

73,5

0,6%

+84,2%

n/a

111,3

170,1

195,9

223,4

259,0

229,3

1,9%

n/a

n/a

9.208,5

11.070,5

11.697,9

12.395,4

12.495,4

11.790,8

100,0%

n/a

5,0

7,1

8,7

8,9

9,5

9,7

9,0

-

+81,2% +129,2%

n/a

Selected non-EU countries IS NO CH HR TR

87,4

141,1

183,2

202,4

210,0

226,1

200,4

-

156,6

198,3

222,9

240,3

264,8

271,0

262,2

-

+67,4%

26,3

41,7

56,6

59,8

66,5

68,6

66,0

-

+150,6%

282,6

512,5

654,3

729,2

780,4

811,5

782,1

-

+176,8%

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, September 2010; own calculations

HERRY 2010

Table 25: Development of the gross domestic product (GDP) at current prices and purchasing power standards (PPS) in the EU and in selected none-EU countries 2000 - 2009

Seite 28


GDP per capita at current prices and purchasing power standards (PPS) in the EU 2009 in [1.000 EUR] 70

60

GDP per capita in [1.000 EUR]

50

40

30

EU-15-Average

EU-27-Average

20

10

0

LU

IE

NL AT SE DK GB BE DE

FI

FR ES

IT GR PT

CY

SI

CZ MT SK HU EE

PL

LT LV RO BG

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, September 2010

HERRY 2010

Figure 20: GDP per capita at current prices and purchasing power standards (PPS) in the EU 2009

2.2.5.3 Development of the foreign trade in Austria

Development of import and export in freight transportation in Austria 1996 - 2009

Import Export

1996

2000

2001

2002

2003

55,39

65,41

67,50

69,92

72,82

28,74

38,20

40,45

42,96

44,60

2004 [m tons]

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

76,96

81,49

86,91

90,78

87,83

79,70

48,46

50,45

53,24

59,17

59,71

51,13 97.574

[m EUR] Import Export

51.798

74.935

78.692

77.104

80.993

91.094

96.499

104.201

114.255

119.568

44.490

69.692

74.252

77.400

78.903

89.848

94.705

103.742

114.680

117.525

Source: Statistik Austria, foreign trade, overall results 2009, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/aussenhandel/hauptdaten/index.html, September 13th 2010

93.739 HERRY 2010

Table 26: Development of import and export in freight transportation in Austria 1996 - 2009


Seite 29

Index of the development of imports and exports in freight transport in Austria based on the quantity and value of goods 1996 - 2009 Index [2000 = 100] 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Import - quantity of goods Import - value of goods

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Export - quantity of goods Export - value of goods HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, foreign trade, overall results 2009, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/aussenhandel/hauptdaten/index.html, September 13th 2010; own calculations

Figure 21: Index of the development of imports and exports in freight transport in Austria based on the quantity and value of goods 1996 - 2009

Foreign trade in Austria by continents 2005 and 2009 Region EU-27 Other European countries Africa America Asia Australia/Oceania/New Zealand

Exports Austria 2005

Exports Austria 2009

Imports Austria 2005

Imports Austria 2009

share of total exports in %

share of total exports in %

share of total imports in %

share of total imports in %

71,3% 12,7% 1,2% 7,5% 6,7% 0,7%

71,0% 11,6% 1,5% 6,5% 8,6% 0,7%

75,1% 9,3% 1,1% 4,7% 9,7% 0,1%

73,1% 10,5% 1,2% 4,0% 11,1% 0,1%

Source: Statistik Austria, foreign trade, overall results 2009, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/aussenhandel/hauptdaten/index.html, September 13th 2010

Table 27: Foreign trade in Austria by continents 2005 and 2009

Seite 30


HERRY 2010

Austrian trading partners in Europe 2004, 2008 and 2009 Import into Austria in [mio EUR] 2004

2008

Export from Austria in [mio EUR] 2009

BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT FI SE CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO

1.542,6 39.130,3 3.643,9 6.233,6 221,4 2.556,8 510,3 1.077,6 1.754,3 142,9 1.390,3 461,4 705,4 1.214,4 2.886,1 38,7 9,6 21,9 35,2 2.602,9 11,2 1.111,6 1.156,1 1.814,0 208,6 722,3

1.961,5 48.490,1 3.712,3 8.274,2 177,0 3.369,1 509,8 568,6 2.103,5 143,1 1.700,0 420,4 648,0 1.476,3 4.237,3 36,4 29,3 25,2 58,0 3.228,1 21,1 2.144,7 1.201,0 2.388,4 326,3 769,0

HR TR CH NO IS

583,8 744,3 2.732,0 296,9 3,5

689,4 909,5 5.021,3 591,4 11,3

1.552,4 39.827,2 2.973,0 6.627,4 142,0 2.766,6 459,9 527,6 1.606,1 133,8 1.555,5 332,7 459,5 1.081,8 3.382,4 36,8 17,1 31,4 54,0 2.336,6 10,4 1.560,1 994,4 1.948,5 234,4 640,1

2004 1.283,6 28.951,3 3.788,0 7.706,3 286,8 1.659,7 601,2 632,2 3.764,6 463,5 2.214,2 340,4 452,5 933,5 2.751,7 86,2 39,9 88,3 107,0 3.338,1 21,9 1.630,3 1.986,4 1.377,3 389,0 1.235,8

2008 1.710,5 35.009,7 4.423,4 10.084,9 138,6 2.067,3 852,2 263,1 3.686,4 753,4 2.815,6 374,0 622,5 1.307,8 4.401,7 125,9 76,1 139,7 158,5 4.213,6 42,9 3.270,7 2.551,3 2.383,0 893,8 2.398,0

Change 08/09 in [percent] 2009

Import

Export

1.413,8 29.179,1 3.708,9 7.586,5 98,3 1.604,5 528,9 230,2 2.870,5 582,4 1.751,0 394,9 435,3 900,6 3.430,0 53,0 71,4 68,5 103,4 2.916,9 30,6 2.448,0 2.048,6 1.870,1 586,4 1.601,4

-20,9% -17,9% -19,9% -19,9% -19,8% -17,9% -9,8% -7,2% -23,6% -6,5% -8,5% -20,9% -29,1% -26,7% -20,2% 1,1% -41,6% 24,7% -6,9% -27,6% -50,7% -27,3% -17,2% -18,4% -28,2% -16,8%

-17,3% -16,7% -16,2% -24,8% -29,1% -22,4% -37,9% -12,5% -22,1% -22,7% -37,8% 5,6% -30,1% -31,1% -22,1% -57,9% -6,1% -50,9% -34,8% -30,8% -28,6% -25,2% -19,7% -21,5% -34,4% -33,2%

1.128,2 760,7 4.346,8 481,2 12,6

-31,4% -12,6% 11,9% -11,0% -25,3%

-26,1% -21,2% -2,7% -18,3% -52,3%

Selected none-EU countries 473,3 794,8 5.620,2 526,1 8,5

1.219,3 791,1 4.037,5 303,0 18,9

1.526,5 965,8 4.468,2 589,3 26,4

Source: Statistik Austria, foreign trade, overall results 2009, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/aussenhandel/hauptdaten/index.html, September 13th 2010; own calculations

HERRY 2010

Table 28: Austrian trading partners in Europe 2004, 2008 and 2009


Seite 31

Map 2: Austrian trade relations with neighbouring countries 2009

2.2.5.4 Development of foreign trade in the EU and in selected non-EU countries Imports and exports in the EU 2009 in [bn EUR]

900

800

700

bn EUR

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

DE FR GB NL

IT

BE

ES AT SE DK PT


IE

FI

Imports

GR LU

PL CZ HU SK RO SI BG LT

Exports

Figure 22: Imports and exports in the EU 2009

Seite 32


EE

LV CY MT HERRY 2010

Development of foreign trade in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 1999 - 2009 in [bn EUR] 1999 Imports BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

2000 Exports

Imports

2005 Exports

Imports

2006 Exports

Imports

2007 Exports

Imports

2008 Exports

Imports

2009 Exports

Imports

Exports

154,6

168,1

192,2

204,0

256,2

268,8

280,1

292,1

300,3

314,4

317,0

320,8

252,3

265,2

444,8

510,0

538,3

597,5

624,6

780,4

722,1

882,5

769,8

964,0

805,7

983,3

668,1

803,9

296,3

305,4

367,0

354,7

405,2

372,5

431,6

394,9

452,0

402,7

478,3

408,8

396,1

341,6

207,0

221,0

258,5

260,4

309,3

299,9

352,5

332,0

373,3

364,7

382,1

369,0

294,2

290,1

10,5

7,7

12,2

9,1

17,6

15,1

21,2

18,2

20,1

16,3

21,5

17,2

17,5

14,9

193,4

205,1

236,3

252,4

292,4

326,6

332,0

369,2

359,4

401,9

395,0

433,7

319,5

357,3

42,9

47,2

49,3

55,5

60,8

68,4

68,1

73,7

71,5

75,2

74,8

79,3

59,4

66,9

43,9

66,8

55,3

83,8

55,1

88,1

58,2

86,6

61,2

88,7

57,1

85,5

44,6

82,1

304,8

255,4

372,2

309,0

412,9

309,0

479,0

357,3

454,5

320,4

430,4

312,5

344,9

252,3

28,6

10,4

36,3

12,7

43,8

13,9

50,7

16,5

55,6

17,2

61,0

17,4

42,9

14,4

127,0

98,0

169,1

124,8

232,1

154,8

261,8

170,2

284,1

184,8

286,1

191,4

206,2

156,6

37,5

23,0

43,3

26,4

49,2

30,7

53,1

34,5

57,1

37,6

61,2

37,9

50,1

31,1

66,9

62,0

78,4

73,3

102,3

100,6

109,3

108,9

119,0

119,4

125,3

123,3

102,8

98,7

30,1

39,6

37,3

49,9

47,2

52,6

55,3

61,5

59,6

65,7

62,4

65,6

43,3

44,9

64,4

79,7

78,9

94,3

89,8

105,3

101,6

117,7

111,3

123,2

113,6

124,7

85,4

94,0

779,8

760,2

1.033,4

942,0

1.251,0

1.177,3

1.433,8

1.315,8

1.524,9

1.418,7

1.643,0

1.484,7

n/a

n/a

26,7 3,2

24,9 2,3

34,6 4,6

31,5 3,4

61,5 8,2

62,8 6,2

74,2 10,7

75,6 7,7

86,2 11,4

89,4 8,0

96,6 10,9

99,8 8,5

75,3 7,3

81,2 6,5

2,8 2,8

0,4 1,6

3,4 3,5

0,4 2,0

5,1 7,0

1,2 4,1

5,5 9,2

1,1 4,9

6,3 11,2

1,0 6,1

7,2 11,0

1,1 6,9

5,6 6,9

0,9 5,5

4,4

2,6

5,7

3,9

12,5

9,5

15,4

11,3

17,8

12,5

21,1

16,1

13,1

11,8

26,3

23,5

34,8

30,5

53,5

50,6

62,3

59,9

69,7

69,6

74,1

73,8

56,0

60,0

2,7

1,9

3,7

2,7

3,0

1,9

3,4

2,2

3,5

2,2

3,3

2,0

2,6

1,5

43,1

25,7

53,1

34,4

81,7

71,9

101,1

88,2

120,9

102,3

142,0

115,9

105,1

96,4

9,5

8,0

11,0

9,5

16,3

15,5

19,2

18,5

23,0

22,0

25,2

23,2

19,0

18,8

10,6

9,6

13,8

12,8

27,9

25,6

35,8

33,3

44,2

42,7

50,3

48,4

39,6

40,1

5,1

3,7

7,1

5,3

12,5

9,2

15,4

11,7

21,9

13,5

25,1

15,2

16,7

11,8

9,8

8,0

14,2

11,3

32,6

22,3

40,7

25,9

51,3

29,5

57,1

33,7

38,9

29,1

743,3

683,1

992,7

849,7

1.179,6

1.052,7

1.352,8

1.160,1

1.434,0

1.241,5

1.565,0

1.306,5

1.199,7

1.094,4

Selected non-EU countries IS NO CH

2,4

1,9

2,8

2,1

4,0

2,5

4,8

2,8

4,9

3,5

4,2

3,7

n/a

n/a

32,1

42,7

37,2

64,9

44,7

83,6

51,1

97,3

58,5

99,3

60,4

113,6

48,2

85,5

74,9

75,3

90,5

88,3

101,8

105,3

112,7

117,5

117,6

125,5

124,4

136,3

111,7

124,0 HERRY 2010


Table 29: Development of foreign trade in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 1999 - 2009


Seite 33

Imports and exports in the EU 2009 in [%] of GDP

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

BE

NL

IE

LU

DK

AT

DE

SE

FI

FR

IT

PT

GB

ES

GR

SI

SK

CZ

HU

EE

LT

LV

MT

PL

BG

RO

CY

Exports 90,2 70,4 59,4 47,6 43,8 40,9 36,0 35,4 32,2 20,9 20,1 15,8 14,9 13,9 5,7%

45% 44% 41% 40% 33% 28% 21% 20% 18% 16% 13% 5%

Imports 85,8 62,9 32,3 55,8 38,9 42,6 29,9 32,2 31,0 24,3 20,4 25,5 20,4 18,3 17,0

45% 43% 38% 38% 37% 31% 27% 34% 19% 23% 17% 30% HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, September 2010; own calculations

Figure 23: Imports and exports in the EU 2009

Foreign trade balance of the EU 2009 in [%] of GDP 30,0%

27,1%

25,0% 20,0% 15,0% 10,0%

7,5%

5,0% 0,0%

6,1%

4,9% 4,4%

3,0% 2,7%

3,2% 1,2% -0,3% -1,7%

IE NL DE DK BE SE

FI

IT

0,6% -0,4%

AT FR ES GB LU PT GR -3,3% -4,4% -5,5%

-5,0%

CZ HU SK

SI

-8,2% -9,7% -11,3%

-10,0% -15,0%

PL

LT

EE RO LV BG MT CY

-1,6%-3,1% -4,1%-4,3% -5,5% -6,7%

-14,2%

-20,0% -25,0%

-25,3%

-30,0% Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, September 2010; own calculations

Figure 24: Foreign trade balance of the EU 2009

Seite 34


HERRY 2010

2.2.5.5 Consumption expenditure

Private households' consumption expenditure by intended use at current prices 1976 - 2009 in [bn EUR] 1976 5,3 Nutrition, none-alcoholic drinks 1,8 Alcoholic drinks, tobacco goods 3,9 Clothing, shoes 4,1 Habitation, water, energy 3,1 House equipment 0,8 Health care 4,4 Transport: 1,3 Purchase of vehicles Products and services for the 2,4 operation of private vehicles 0,7 Transport services 0,4 Communication 3,1 Leisure, entertainment, culture 0,1 Education 3,9 Hotel and restaurant services 2,9 Other 33,7 Sum inland consumption Source: Statistik Austria, national accounts,

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

6,9

8,6

10,1

11,3

12,3

14,4

14,8

15,6

16,3

16,5

2,2

2,9

3,4

3,4

3,8

4,5

4,4

4,7

4,7

4,9

5,0

6,3

7,4

7,4

8,0

8,2

8,3

8,6

8,7

8,7

6,5

11,2

13,6

18,9

22,5

28,8

30,1

30,8

32,3

34,0 10,4

3,5

4,2

6,1

7,5

8,5

9,2

9,5

9,9

10,2

1,1

1,7

2,2

3,2

3,8

4,6

4,7

4,8

4,9

5,0

6,4

8,7

10,2

12,2

14,7

17,1

17,9

18,4

19,3

18,8

1,9

2,5

3,6

4,2

4,6

4,6

4,7

4,6

4,7

5,2

3,6

4,8

4,8

6,0

7,5

9,3

9,9

10,2

11,0

10,3

1,0

1,3

1,7

2,0

2,6

3,1

3,3

3,6

3,6

3,4

0,7

1,1

1,5

1,8

3,2

3,7

3,7

3,6

3,6

3,7

4,2

5,7

9,0

11,3

13,8

15,5

16,3

16,7

17,1

17,0

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,7

0,8

1,1

1,2

1,3

1,3

1,4

5,5

7,1

8,8

11,1

12,7

15,2

16,1

16,9

17,9

17,5

3,9

5,5

8,2

10,3

11,9

13,9

14,7

15,5

15,7

14,2

46,1

63,3

81,0

99,0

115,9

136,4

141,6

146,7

152,1

152,1 HERRY 2010

http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/volkswirtschaftliche_gesamtrechnungen/bruttoinlandsprodukt_und_hauptaggregate/jahresdaten/019717.html, October 2010

Table 30: Private households' consumption expenditure by intended use at current prices 1976 - 2009

Development of private consumers expenditure in "transport" from the national accounts at current prices 1976 - 2009 in [bn EUR] 20

18,0%

Please notice the different measurement scale.

18 16

16,0%

13,0%

13,9%

13,7% 12,6%

14

12,3%

12,7%

12,5%

12,4% 14,0% 12,0%

bn EUR

12

10,0%

10 8,0%

8

6,0%

6

4,0%

4

2,0%

2 -

1976

0,0%

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2009

Transport services Products and services for the operation of privat vehicles Purchase of vehicles Share of "transport" in inland consumption (total) Source: Statistik Austria, national accounts; http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/volkswirtschaftliche_gesamtrechnungen/bruttoinlandsprodukt_und_hauptaggregate/jahresdaten/019717.html, October 2010

HERRY 2010

Figure 25: Development of private consumers expenditure in "transport" from the national accounts at current prices 1976 - 2009


Seite 35

2.2.5.6 Development of gross and net annual median income of the employees in Austria 1997 - 2008 Development of gross and net annual median income of the employees in Austria 1997 - 2008 in [EUR]

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Gross annual median income 1)2) Employees 4) TOTAL Males Females TOTAL

Males

Employees Females

TOTAL

Males

Workers Females

23.542

14.522

19.808

19.610

9.783

16.031

30.550

16.853

21.800

-

-

24.006

14.551

20.040

19.908

9.709

16.100

30.967

16.874

21.933

-

24.614

14.773

20.436

20.309

9.762

16.281

31.376

17.165

22.292

-

25.094

14.976

20.757

20.677

9.787

16.475

32.056

17.437

22.685

25.592

15.304

21.120

21.070

10.026

16.679

32.682

17.805

26.055

15.620

21.424

21.122

9.681

16.492

32.455

26.507

15.792

21.709

21.227

9.501

16.366

26.894

15.977

21.965

21.557

9.617

27.375

16.296

22.320

21.696

28.102

16.713

22.834

29.057 29.936

17.217 17.699

23.613 24.253

Males

Officials Females

TOTAL

-

30.461

28.852

29.977

-

-

31.573

29.706

30.993

-

-

33.143

31.037

32.491

-

-

-

33.875

31.841

33.233

23.096

-

-

-

34.463

32.628

33.843

18.200

23.756

-

-

-

37.867

33.682

36.182

33.144

18.536

24.302

-

-

-

39.393

35.153

37.756

16.609

34.989

17.885

24.682

28.241

21.959

24.327

40.411

36.646

38.934

9.711

16.691

36.138

18.209

25.266

29.160

22.577

25.068

41.839

38.111

40.392

22.144

9.774

17.060

37.497

18.697

25.994

29.615

22.904

25.406

44.167

39.837

42.439

23.201 23.902

10.149 10.273

17.848

38.873 39.987

19.193 19.748

26.674

30.311 31.757

23.528 24.525

26.082

45.357 47.677

41.396 43.716

43.781

Males

Officials Females

TOTAL

18.200

27.315

Net annual median income 1)3) Employees 4) TOTAL Males Females TOTAL

Males

Contract agents Females TOTAL

27.265

Males

Employees Females

TOTAL

Males

Workers Females

16.899

11.281

14.579

14.338

7.899

12.092

20.942

12.785

15.804

-

-

-

21.718

20.353

21.290

17.139

11.283

14.686

14.482

7.819

12.097

21.137

12.774

15.862

-

-

-

22.287

20.802

21.800

17.492

11.417

14.929

14.717

7.867

12.197

21.390

12.952

16.074

-

-

-

23.190

21.580

22.633

18.067

11.803

15.401

15.214

7.941

12.568

22.121

13.398

16.605

-

-

-

23.990

22.461

23.458

18.258

11.964

15.533

15.376

8.111

12.616

22.341

13.563

16.762

-

-

-

24.070

22.675

23.562

18.497

12.163

15.709

15.377

7.828

12.471

22.143

13.801

17.126

-

-

-

26.163

23.198

24.939

18.752

12.273

15.867

15.404

7.685

12.356

22.519

14.014

17.444

-

-

-

27.004

23.989

25.826

19.068

12.644

16.124

15.732

7.825

12.720

23.439

13.787

17.697

20.107

16.309

17.702

27.533

24.800

26.462

19.598

13.073

16.626

16.084

7.934

12.987

24.384

14.264

18.323

20.861

16.988

18.416

28.809

25.961

27.683

20.006

13.333

16.918

16.324

7.975

13.212

25.121

14.555

18.739

21.085

17.180

18.610

30.079

26.937

28.798

20.573 21.064

13.651 14.005

17.376

16.995 17.406

8.269 8.483

13.745

25.898 26.464

14.846 15.191

19.132

21.501 22.396

17.532 18.157

19.003

30.722 32.043

27.748 29.028

29.503

17.756

14.034

19.499

Males

Contract agents Females TOTAL

46.065

19.723

30.783 HERRY 2011

1

) without apprentices 2 ) gross annual payment according to § 25 EStG 3 ) gross annual payment according to § 25 EStG less the retained social security contibutions and less the overall retained income tax (before tax equalization) 4 ) up to 2004 with contract agents, from 2004 without contract agents Source: Statistik Austria, Statistisches Jahrbuch Österreichs 2011

Table 31: Development of gross and net annual median income of the employees in Austria 1997 - 2008

Change of gross and net annual median income of the dependent labour force from 2004 to 2008 in [percent] 25% GROSS MEDIAN INCOME

NET MEDIAN INCOME

20%

15%

10%

5%

0% Workers

Employees

Contract agents

Officials

Total

Workers

Employees

Contract agents

Officials

Total

+9,6%

+10,7%

+12,1%

+18,3%

+10,4%

+10,3%

+10,2%

+11,4%

+16,3%

+10,1%

Women

+6,8%

+10,4%

+11,7%

+19,3%

+10,8%

+8,4%

+10,2%

+11,3%

+17,0%

+10,8%

Men

+10,9%

+14,3%

+12,4%

+18,0%

+11,3%

+10,6%

+12,9%

+11,4%

+16,4%

+10,5%

Total


HERRY 2011

Figure 26: Change of gross and net annual median income of the dependent labour force from 2004 to 2008

Seite 36


3 Infrastructure A powerful and modern transport infrastructure is an important, but not sufficient prerequisite for economic growth and prosperity. Through the expansion of the transport infrastructure access conditions are improved. Important trans-regional and international transport connections ensure the competitiveness in an increasingly competitive marketplace between regions and countries. The further development of the transport infrastructure should be given a priority in order to strengthen Austria as an important business location, to reduce the negative regional differences and to reduce the access disparities between the federal states. In tackling these issues the economic as well as the social and environmental circumstances need to be observed.

Map 3: Corridors of road and rail in Austria

Roads In 2010, the total length of the Austrian road network (federal, state, and local roads) was 114,590 kilometres. The major road network (motorways and expressways) has a total length of about 2,185 kilometres, which accounts for a proportion of approx. 2 % of the total road network. The secondary roads, which since 2002 consist of both secondary roads B and secondary roads L account for over 29 % and municipal roads for almost 69 % of the total road network length. This means an average length of road for each inhabitant of Austria of approximately 13.7 metres, although strong regional differences can be found. So the average length of the road per capita in Burgenland is around 21 metres, whereas in Salzburg it is only around 10 metres. A special position in this regard exists in the case of the federal capital Vienna, where the average road length per inhabitant accounts for only around 1.7 metres. On the 1st April 2002, the responsibility for nearly all federal roads (type B) passed from the federal government to the individual States in accordance with the highways-transfer law (Ref.: BGBl. I 50/2002). In this Compendium, the former federal main roads (type B) are referred to as secondary roads B. The other VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

Seite 37

country roads are known as the secondary roads L. Between 2000 and 2009 the motorway and expressway network grew by 251.7 kilometres (+13 % ). In comparison to the other member states of the EU in 2008, Austria with a figure of 0.2 m per capita, was only behind Cyprus, Luxembourg, Spain and Slovenia in having the longest motorway network per capita. As an Alpine region country, Austria‘s road infrastructure is characterized by a large number of tunnels and bridges. So, in the year 2009 there were 4,745 road bridges on Austria’s highways and expressways. Also in 2009, the number of road tunnels in the federal trunk road network was 136 with a total tube length of almost 300 kilometres.

Rails The Austrian rail network, or more specifically the structure of the rail network, remained essentially unchanged for almost a century. Since the beginning of the 1990s, investment in the infrastructure of the rail network has intensified, which has happened in the wake of European integration and in particular along the trans-European axis. However, since 1970 the total length of the Austrian ÖBB rail network has reduced by approximately 15.7 %, from about 5,901 kilometres to 4,975 kilometres. On the other hand, the length of the privately operated railways in Austria has increased by around 12 % within the same period. There is currently an average of around 0.7 metres of rail network per inhabitant in Austria. When making a comparison of the federal states, it is noticed that in particular Lower Austria has a very high density of rail infrastructure (1,663 km or 29.4 % of the total rail network). Although in 2005, the length of rail network per inhabitant in Lower Austria at 1.4 metres was twice as high as in the Austrian average, this has currently reduced by 0.4 metres per inhabitants mainly due to closures of branch lines in Lower Austria. With the exception of Vienna, which has as a special position in relation to the rail infrastructure, the density of the rail network in Vorarlberg with 0.4 metres per head is the lowest - here in contrast to lower Austria there are practically no branch railroad tracks. In comparison with the other EU member states, Austria with an average rail network length of 0.7 metres per head is 60 % above the average for all EU-member states (0.5 m per capita). However, a significantly higher per capita average rail network length exists in Sweden (1.2 m per capita), Finland (1.1 m per capita), Latvia (1.0 m per capita), the Czech Republic (0.9 m per capita), Hungary (0.8 m per capita) and Estonia (0.7 m per capita).

River Danube The total length of the Austrian navigable routes is 378 kilometres. The most important waterway in Austria is the Danube with a length of 350 km, of this 21 kms borders with Germany, 322 km is an international EU route, and 7 km borders with Slovakia. The Danube in Austria is shared between the following states: Upper Austria (155 km), Lower Austria (221 km) and Vienna (25 km). Other waterways in Austria are the Vienna Danube Canal (17 km), the estuary of the March (6 km), the Enns (2.7 km) and the Traun (1.8 km). In comparison with the other member states of the EU, Austria with an average waterway length of 4.5 km per 1000 square kilometres has a relatively low waterway density (16th ranking under the EU-27). There are 14 major ports along of the Austrian section of the river Danube in Austria. Public harbours are the commercial port and the oil port in Linz, the port of Enns, the port of Krems, as well as the Vienna harbours (Albern, Freudenau and the Lobau oil port). There are 9 locks along the Austrian Danube in Aschach, Ottensheim, Abwinden, Wallsee, Persenbeug, Melk, Altenwörth, Greifenstein and Freudenau.

Intermodal freight terminals Various means of transport, as well as their intermodal links are necessary because of the combination of the geographic and economic framework conditions, systemic properties of the transport means and the requirements of the customers and suppliers. The most recent terminals were built in 2007 in Kapfenberg and in 2003 in Graz (Werndorf) and Lambach. Seite 38


Air traffic According to the Austrian aviation laws differentiations are made tbetween public and private airfields (within the field of civil aviation). Austria has 6 airports, 37 civil airfields, 38 heliports in hospitals and 25 further heliports. The 6 Austrian International Airports are located at Vienna, Salzburg, Linz, Klagenfurt, Innsbruck and Graz. In addition, the Swiss airport “St. Gallen Altenrhein“ is especially important for the state of Vorarlberg, as for example, the town of Lustenau is approximately only 10 kilometres away and it provides an important air link to Vienna. The international airport of Bratislava (Slovakia) is also gaining in importance more and more due to the good bus, rail and road transport connections between Bratislava and Vienna.


Seite 39

3.1

Road infrastructure

3.1.1 Length of road network Total lengths of road network by federal states and road categories 2010 in [km] Federal roads Motorways (A) Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria

Expressways (S)

Secondary roads Secondary roads Secondary roads 1,2 2 B L

Total

Municipal 3 roads

Total lengths

80

63

143

569

1.192

1.761

3.923

243

18

260

1.137

1.607

2.744

6.500

9.504

350

160

511

2.933

10.665

13.598

17.000

31.108 26.836

5.826

299

-

299

1.578

4.410

5.987

20.549

144

-

144

675

683

1.359

3.700

5.202

151

459

1.589

3.348

4.936

12.900

18.295

189

34

223

969

1.273

2.242

8.650

11.116

63

28

91

296

503

799

3.000

3.891

308

43

12

55

212

1.719

466

2.185

9.959

1

former federal roads B; in Vienna community roads now

2

Date: 1.1.2010 Community roads date: 1.1.2000 (LA, S, ST, V), 1.1.2010 (VIE, B, UA, C, T)

3

Total

23.680

212

2.544

2.811

33.639

78.766

114.590 HERRY 2011

Source: BMVIT, Statistik Straße & Verkehr 2011

Table 32: Total lengths of road network by federal states and road categories 2010

Lengths of road network per inhabitants by federal states and road categories 2010 in [meter/capita1] Federal roads Motorways Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria 1 Population: 1.1. 2010

Highways

Secondary roads Total

Secondary roads B 2

Secondary roads L

Total

Municipal roads

0,28

0,22

0,50

2,00

4,20

6,20

13,81

20,52

0,43

0,03

0,47

2,03

2,87

4,91

11,62

16,99

0,22

0,10

0,32

1,82

6,63

8,46

10,57

19,35

0,21

-

0,21

1,12

3,12

4,24

14,56

19,02

0,27

-

0,27

1,27

1,29

2,56

6,98

9,82

0,25

0,13

0,38

1,31

2,77

4,09

10,68

15,14

0,27

0,05

0,32

1,37

1,80

3,17

12,24

15,73

0,17

0,08

0,25

0,80

1,36

2,17

8,13

10,55

0,03

0,01

0,03

0,12

0,21

0,06

0,26

1,19

2,83

0,12

1,50

1,65

4,02

9,40

13,68 HERRY 2011

2

former federal roads B Date: 1.1.2010, except for community roads, date:1.1.2000 (LA, S, ST, V), 1.1.2010 (VIE, B, UA, C, T) Source: BMVIT, Statistik Straße & Verkehr 2011; own calculations

Table 33: Lengths of road network per inhabitants by federal states and road categories 2010

Seite 40

Total lengths


Lengths of road network per inhabitants by federal states and road categories 2010 in [meter/capita1] 22 20 18 16

meter/capita

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

B

C

N

Community roads

O State roads L

S

ST State roads B

1

T Highways

V

V

Austria

Motorways

1 population

1.1.2010 2 former federal roads B; Date: 1.1.2011, except for community roads, date: 1.1.2000 (N, S, ST, V), 1.1.2010 (W, B, O, K, T) Source: BMVIT, Statistik Straße & Verkehr, August 2011; own calculations

HERRY 2011

Figure 27: Lengths of road network per inhabitants by federal states and road categories 2010

3.1.2 Road network in Austria

± Map 4: Road network of federal roads and secondary roads B in Austria 2011


Seite 41

3.1.3 Development of the road network

Development of the road network (motorways and expressways) by federal states 1970 - 2010 in [km] 1970

1980 -

Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria

2000

2005

2006

2009

24,9

1990 77,5

113,1

124,0

124,0

142,6

2010 142,6

16,7

88,6

201,9

247,3

242,5

242,5

260,3

260,3

190,4

235,9

374,1

388,3

439,1

447,4

476,9

510,7

119,2

153,8

257,8

264,1

298,9

299,0

298,9

298,9

52,7

139,9

139,9

139,9

143,6

143,6

143,6

143,6

20,7

157,9

397,7

438,2

447,3

452,6

452,6

459,0

74,2

159,6

206,0

209,1

216,9

223,4

223,4

223,4

6,4

56,1

85,1

91,5

91,5

91,5

91,5

91,5

13,4

26,1

38,2

41,7

46,3

53,5

54,8

54,8

493,6

1.042,8

1.778,4

1.933,2

2.050,2

2.077,4

2.144,6

Source: BMWA (to 1999), BMVIT (from 2000), Statistik Straße & Verkehr

2.184,9 HERRY 2011

Table 34: Development of the road network (motorways and expressways) by federal states 1970 - 2010

Development of the road network (motorways and expressways) by federal states 1942 - 2010 in [km] B

2000

C

Network length [km]

1600

LA UA

1200

S 800

ST T

400

V VIE 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

0

Source: BMWA (until 1999); BMVIT (from 2000), Statistik Straße & Verkehr

HERRY 2011

Figure 28: Development of the road network (motorways and expressways) by federal states 1942 - 2010

Seite 42


3.1.4 EU comparison of the motorway network lengths Lengths of motorway network in the EU 2001, 2007 and 2008 2001 Absolute in [1.000 km] BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT 1 PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

2007

Per inhabitants in Per land area in [km/mio [m/km²] inhabitants]

2008


Absolute in [1.000 km]

Absolute in [1.000 km]


1,70 11,80 10,10 6,50 0,10 2,50 1,00 0,10 3,60 0,70 9,60 1,70

165,26 143,29 170,26 114,07 226,49 155,80 186,61 25,86 60,90 63,93 235,75 165,16

55,70 33,05 18,57 21,57 38,67 60,20 23,20 1,43 14,76 5,32 18,97 18,50

1,76 12,59 10,96 6,59 0,15 2,58 1,11 0,27 3,67 1,10 13,01 2,61

164,00 153,58 170,24 109,72 297,87 156,62 201,80 60,45 59,63 97,95 283,97 245,88

57,75 35,27 19,87 21,86 56,84 69,12 25,78 3,83 15,12 8,36 25,72 28,37

1,76 12,65 12,59 6,63 0,15 2,58 n/a n/a 3,56 n/a 13,52 n/a

164,00 154,20 195,60 110,40 297,87 156,62 n/a n/a 57,78 n/a 294,91 n/a

57,75 35,41 22,83 22,00 56,84 69,12 n/a n/a 14,65 n/a 26,71 n/a

1,60

198,93

19,08

1,70

202,99

20,22

1,71

205,55

20,39

0,60 1,50

115,65 168,62

1,77 3,40

0,70 1,81

131,42 195,11

2,07 4,09

0,74 1,86

138,75 200,40

2,19 4,20

53,10

140,53

16,46

60,62

152,94

18,77

n/a

n/a

n/a

0,50 0,09 0,30 n/a 0,40 0,40

48,84 65,98 427,63 n/a 114,90 39,26

6,34 2,06 52,68 n/a 6,38 4,30

0,66 0,10 0,26 n/a 0,31 0,86

62,77 71,62 322,46 n/a 92,24 85,53

8,33 2,12 27,78 n/a 4,73 9,22

0,69 0,10 0,26 n/a 0,31 n/a

66,01 77,59 322,46 n/a 92,24 n/a

8,76 2,30 27,78 n/a 4,73 n/a

-

-

-

-

-

-

0,40 0,40 0,30 0,33 0,11

-

10,46 200,80 55,77 40,04 5,04

1,28 19,73 6,12 2,96 0,47

0,66 0,58 0,37 0,42 0,28

-

17,37 284,89 67,44 54,95 13,07

2,12 28,56 7,44 3,77 1,18

0,77 0,70 0,38 0,42 0,28

-

20,06 342,46 70,95 54,95 13,07

2,45 34,33 7,83 3,77 1,18

n/a

n/a

n/a

65,10

130,28

15,08

n/a

n/a

n/a HERRY 2010

1

MT... No motorways existing Source: EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures 2010, Eurostat, New Cronos Database, August 2010; own calculation

Table 35: Lengths of motorway network in the EU 2001, 2007 and 2008

Lengths of motorway network per land area in the EU 2001 and 2007 in [meter per km²]

70 MT ... no motorways existing LV ... no data existing 60

meter/km²

50

40

30

20 EU-27-Average (2007) EU-25-Average (2001)

10

0

NL

BE

CY

LU

DE DK

IT

SI

AT

ES

FR

PT

GB

LT

2001

CZ

SK

GR HU

SE

BG

EE

2007

Source: EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures 2003 and 2010; own calculations

FI

IE

PL

RO

HERRY 2010

Figure 29: Lengths of motorway network per land area in the EU 2001 and 2007


Seite 43

Lengths of motorway network per inhabitants in the EU 2001 and 2007 in [km/mio inhabitants] CY LU ES SI AT PT DK SE FR BE NL DE FI LT IT EE GR GB SK BG HU CZ IE PL

MT ... no motorways existing LV ... no data existing

RO

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

km/mio inhabitants

2001

2007

HERRY 2010

Source: EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures 2005 and 2010; own calculations

Figure 30: Lengths of motorway network per inhabitants in the EU 2001 and 2007

3.1.5 Road bridges und road tunnels

Development of the number of road bridges for federal motorways and expressways 1999 - 2009 Federal motorways Construction type Arched and vault bridges Concrete girder bridges Steel bridges Sum

1999

2000

2004

Federal expressways 2006

2009

1999

2000

2004

2006

2009

178

180

180

182

199

11

12

17

33

18

2.824

2.882

3.030

3.476

3.637

603

589

578

714

733

170

174

108

145

149

38

42

5

4

9

3.172

3.236

3.318

3.803

3.985

652

643

600

751

760 HERRY 2010

Date: January 1st Source: BMVIT, Statistik Straße & Verkehr 2010

Table 36: Development of the number of road bridges for federal motorways and expressways 1999 - 2009

Seite 44


Road tunnels on federal motorways and expressways by tube number and total lengths 2009 in [km] In operation Number RV Burgenland Carinthia Carinthia/Slovenia1 Lower Austria Lower Austria/Styria Upper Austria Upper Austria/Styria Salzburg Salzburg/Carinthia Styria Styria/Carinthia Tyrol Tyrol/Vorarlberg Vorarlberg Vienna Austria

GV

Total

6 23

-

Under construction

Length in [km]

6 23

RV

GV

Number

Total

1,2 40,9

-

40,9

RV

1,2

GV

In planning

Length in [km] 2nd tube

-

-

-

RV

Number 2

GV

Total

-

-

RV

GV

Length in [km]

2nd tube

Total

RV

Total2

GV

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

4,4

4,4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8 1 20

2 5

10

0,5 7,6

8,8

-

2

13,1 -

-

2,3

18

4

-

22

40,7

6,2

-

37,7

4,0 -

13,1

25

8,3 6,9 31,2

-

1

1

-

5,5

5,5

-

-

1

-

-

5,4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

7

1

8

12,4

6,4

18,8

-

-

2

-

-

7,0

1

1

-

2

3,0

0,5

3,5

1

6,9

-

47,0

-

1

1

-

5,4

5,4

-

-

1

-

-

5,4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

22 1 12 1 8

3 5 1 4 3

25

9,2 11,5 13,9 12,2 0,9

76,9

1,0 -

1 -

7,7 -

0,9 -

8 1

1 -

1 2 1 -

9 3 1

16,6 8,0

8,3 4,3 -

24,9

8,8

2,0 -

7,7

11

67,7 4,0 33,6 5,9 7,9

109

27

136

220

77

297

6

1

7

20,9

0,9

28

6

4

37

68,4

19,3

93,4

1 17 1 5

4,0 45,4 13,9 18,1

0,9 6,7 48,7

8,2 1,8 8,0

HERRY 2010

Date: January 2010 1

only Austrian section (total length = 7.865m)

RV ... two tubes tunnel with one-way traffic

2

including 2nd tube

GV ... one tube tunnel with two-way traffic

Source: BMVIT, Statistik Straße&Verkehr, January 2010

Table 37: Road tunnels on federal motorways and expressways by tube number and total lengths 2009

The longest road tunnels in Austria 2009 Federal state

1

A9

ST

A9

ST

A 12

T

A 14

V

A 10

S

A9

UA/ST

A 10

S/C

A 12

T

A 11

C/Sl

A 12

T

A 10

C

A 22

VIE

A2

C

Tunnel left Plabutsch Gleinalm Landecker Pfänder Tauern Bosruck Katschberg Roppen Karawanken 1 Tschirgant Oswaldiberg Donauquerung Ehrentalerberg

Federal motorway tunnels Lengths of the tunnel tubes (km) in operation under construction one tube right one tube left right

left

in planning right one tube

9,8

10,1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8,3

-

-

-

-

8,3

-

-

-

-

7,0

-

-

-

-

-

-

6,7

-

-

-

6,7

-

-

-

-

-

6,4

-

6,5

-

-

-

-

-

5,5

-

-

-

5,4

-

-

-

-

5,4

5,4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5,1

5,1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,3

4,3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,0

4,0

-

3,3

3,3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Austrian section

Federal state S 16

T/V

S1

VIE

S 16

T

S 10

UA

S6

LA/ST

S 16

T

S7

ST

Tunnel left Arlberg Donau-Lobau Strenger Götschka Semmering Perjen Rudersdorf

Federal expressway tunnels Lengths of the tunnel tubes (km) in operation under construction one tube right one tube left right

left

in planning right one tube

14,0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8,4

8,4

-

5,8

5,9

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,5

4,5

-

3,4

3,5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3,0

-

-

-

-

3,0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,9

2,9

HERRY 2010

Date: January 2010 Source: BMVIT, Statistik Straße&Verkehr, January 2010

Table 38: The longest road tunnels in Austria 2009


Seite 45

3.2

Rail infrastructure

3.2.1 Rail network in Austria

Total length of the austrian rail network (ÖBB and private railways) by federal states 2011 Length of network ÖBB overall length in [km]

Federal state Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna TOTAL

m per mio per m per area settlement inhabitants [m/km²] area [m/km²]

Length of network private railways m per overall mio per m per area settlement length inhabitants [m/km²] area in [km] [m/km²]

Length of network TOTAL overall length in [km]

m per mio per m per area settlement inhabitants [m/km²] area [m/km²]

185

0,7

46,6

75,4

74

0,3

18,6

30,1

259

0,9

65,2

554

1,0

58,1

239,0

0

0,0

0,0

0,0

554

1,0

58,1

239,0

1.622

1,0

84,6

144,1

188

0,1

9,8

16,7

1.810

1,1

94,4

160,8

893

0,6

74,5

136,0

107

0,1

8,9

16,2

1.000

0,7

83,4

152,3

242

0,5

33,9

169,4

87

0,2

12,2

61,0

329

0,6

46,0

230,1

772

0,6

47,1

156,2

224

0,2

13,7

45,4

996

0,8

60,8

201,5

419

0,6

33,1

279,8

57

0,1

4,5

38,1

476

0,7

37,6

318,0

117

0,3

45,1

198,4

13

0,0

5,0

22,0

130

0,4

50,0

219,6

170

0,1

410,8

537,8

4

0,0

10,6

13,9

174

0,1

420,2

550,2

4.975

0,6

59,3

158,6

755

0,1

9,0

24,1

5.729

0,7

68,3

Table 39: Total length of the austrian rail network (ÖBB and private railways) by federal states 2011

25

100

150

200

Kilometer

Map 5: Rail network in Austria 2011

Seite 46

182,6 HERRY 2011

Date December 2003 Source: BMVIT; SCG, railway regulation 2009; own calculations

0

105,5


3.2.2 Development of the rail network

Development of the rail network 1970 - 2010 in [km] Overall length Year

Track railways

1970 1980 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

ÖBB

Private railways

Trams

Metro-lines

6.841

5.901

605

335

-

6.780

5.857

602

301

20

6.658

5.783

567

268

40

6.764

5.849

594

265

57

6.612

5.653

604

296

59

6.544

5.618

591

276

59

6.619

5.690

591

276

62

6.525

5.598

589

276

62

6.581 6.611 n/a n/a 6.729 6.727 6.728 6.702 6.016

5.649 5.656 5.675 5.690 5.702 5.703 5.664 5.635 4.975

590 590 n/a n/a 633 625 671 678 652

280 305 311 329 329 334 324 320 315

62 61 61 61 65 65 69 69 74 HERRY 2011

Source: Österreichische Verkehrsstatistik 2008, Wien 2010; BMVIT, Eisenbahnstatistik (until 2003); SCG, Regulierungsbericht 2006 - 2009; Wiener Linien

Table 40: Development of the rail network 1970 - 2010

Development of the rail network 1970 - 2010 in [km] 7.000

6.000

5.000

km

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

-

1970

1980

1990

1997

1998

ÖBB 1

1999

2000

2001

Private railways1

2002

2003

Trams

2004 1

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Metro-Lines

Network lengths of trams and private railways are not or not completly available from 2003

HERRY 2011

Source: Österreichische Verkehrsstatistik 2008, Wien 2010; BMVIT, Eisenbahnstatistik (until 2003);SCG, Regulierungsbericht 2006 - 2009; Wiener Linien

Figure 31: Development of the rail network 1970 - 2010


Seite 47

3.2.3 Rail tunnel

Rail tunnels and rail tunnel lengths by federal states and number of tracks 2011 Single-track Lenght Number in [m] Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna TOTAL

Multiple-track Lenght Number in [m]

Rail tunnels and rail tunnel lengths, crossing a border 2011

Total Lenght in [m]

Number

-

-

-

-

-

-

6

2.790

7

17.615

13

20.405

13

5.240

39

22.794

52

28.034

31

8.524

4

2.418

35

10.942

13

5.406

9

8.098

22

13.504

35

11.488

5

7.637

40

19.125

26

7.254

25

28.313

51

35.567

22

3.600

4

8.358

26

11.958

2

529

13

6.747

15

7.276

148

44.831

106

101.980

254

146.811

Alter Semmering

LA ST Neuer LA Semmering ST T Arlberg V ST Bosruck UA Großer LA Hartberg ST ST Tauern C K Karawanken SI GESAMT

HERRY 2011

Note: Tunnels, that are surpassing a state border, are not considered here.

Length in [m]

Number

Date: March 2011 Source: ÖBB

Table 41: Rail tunnel and rail tunnel length by federal states and number of tracks 2011

383

1-track

1.051 392

1-track

1.120 5.692

2-tracks

4.957 3.032

1-track

1.735 1.780

1-track

697 4.749

2-tracks

3.622 4.373

2-tracks

3.601 37.184 HERRY 2011

Date: March 2011 Source: ÖBB

Table 42: Rail tunnels and rail tunnel lengths, crossing a border 2011

Tunnel lengths of the rail network by federal states 2011

Percentage of the tunnel length per federal state at the overall tunnel length [percent] 30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

B Source: ÖBB press office

C

LA

UA single-track

S

ST

T

double-track

Figure 32: Tunnel lengths of the rail network by federal states 2011

Seite 48


V

VIE HERRY 2011

3.2.4 EU comparision of the rail network

Lengths of the rail network in the EU 2008 Absolute in [1.000 km] BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15

Per inhabitant in Per land area in [km/mio [m/km²] inhabitants]

3,5 33,9 29,9 16,9 0,3 2,9 2,6 1,9 16,2 2,6 15,0 2,8

326,8 412,9 464,5 280,8 557,2 175,7 479,7 431,2 263,3 226,6 328,2 267,4

115,1 94,8 54,2 56,0 106,3 77,5 61,3 27,3 66,8 19,3 29,7 30,9

5,7

677,9

67,5

5,9 11,0

1.111,3 1.190,8

17,5 25,0

151,1

381,3

46,8

Absolute in [1.000 km] CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

Per inhabitant in Per land area in [km/mio [m/km²] inhabitants]

9,5 0,9 2,3 1,8 7,9 19,6 1,2 3,6

906,2 685,6 1.000,9 526,9 786,8 514,7 604,2 669,2

120,3 20,3 35,1 27,0 84,8 62,8 60,6 73,9

4,144 10,777

544,8 501,3

37,4 45,2

212,84

425,94

49,29 HERRY 2010

Note: MT, CY ... No public rail network existing Source: EU-DG TREN Energy and Transport in Figures, 2010

Table 43: Lengths of the rail network in the EU 2008

Length of the rail network per land area in the EU 2008 in [meter per km²] 140 MT, CY... no public rail network available 120

100

m/km²

80

60 EU-27-Average 40

20

0

CZ

BE

LU DE

HU NL

SK

AT GB

PL

DK

SI

IT

FR

RO BG

LV

PT

ES

IE

Source: EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures 2010; own calculations

LT

SE

EE

GR

FI

HERRY 2010

Figure 33: Length of the rail network per land area in the EU 2008


Seite 49

Length of the rail network per inhabitants in the EU 2008 in [km/mio inhabitants] SE FI LV CZ HU EE AT SK SI LU BG LT PL RO DK FR IE DE ES BE IT PT

EU-27-Average

GB GR MT, CY ... no public railway existing

NL 0

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

km/mio inhabitants Source: EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures 2010

HERRY 2010

Figure 34: Length of the rail network per inhabitants in the EU 2008

Seite 50



25

50

2

S16

Bregenz

A14

1

2

100

3

3

A12

150

A13

4 4

27

Wörgl

200 Kilometer

Rome Bolzano

Innsbruck

5

Munich

6

Lienz

28

7

Rome

Salzburg

Passau

1 St. Margrethen – Lauterach; increasing attractiveness of track stock 2 Safety engineering measures Arlbergbahntunnel 3 Tiroler contract– increasing attractiveness of Außerfernbahn 4 Brennerbasistunnel 5 Kundl / Radfeld – Baumkirchen; 4 tracks expansion 6 Salzburg Hbf. – Freilassing; 3 tracks expansion 7 Salzburg Hbf.; Reconstruction of station 8 Linz – Wels; 4 tracks expansion

Railway projects:

17

16

15

13 14

9 10 11 12

Linz – Summerau Bosrucktunnel; in planning Koralmbahn Graz – Klagenfurt Werndorf – Spielfeld-Straß; 2 tracks expansion (incl. Leibnitz station) Graz main station; reconstruction Ybbs – Amstetten; 4 tracks expansion (gap closure) St. Pölten; new construction of freight train bypass Gloggnitz – Mürzzuschlag; renovation of existing tracks Semmeringbasistunnel

A10

18 Wien – St. Pölten; new line 19 road section between West-, Südand Donauländebahn (Lainzer Tunnel) 20 Gänserndorf – Marchegg – national border; electrification 21 Airport Vienna – Schwechat – Götzendorf; new line 22 Vienna main station, new construction 23 Meidling – Wampersdorf; expansion Pottendorfer line 24 Müllendorf – Eisenstadt; construction of loop 25 Schladming station

Source: BMVIT, Ausbauplan Bundesverkehrsinfrastruktur 2011 - 2016; own adaption

0

Zurich 1

Munich

existing railway track railway track new

Railway tracks

in operation motorway new motorway projects after 2016

Motorways

8

A9

8 7 10

9

A7

S36

Ljubljana

Klagenfurt

Linz

11

14

Krems

S34 10

A1

S6

16

A9

Maribor

12

13

A21

17

A22

S1

13

A5

12

Brno

A2

S7

A4

S31

Szombathely Budapest

Sopron

17 stadt

Eisen-

21 24

Györ Budapest

Bratislava

11 S 3 Hollabrunn – Guntersdorf 12 A 5 Poysbrunn – national border (partial realisation of Drasenhofen bypass) 13 A 5 Schrick – Poysbrunn 14 S1 Vienna Außenringschnellstraße, Schwechat – Süßenbrunn 15 S 8 Hub Dt. Wagram – Gänserndorf 16 S 8 Gänserdorf – nat. border Marchegg 17 A 3 Eisenstadt – nat. border Klingenbach 18 S 7 Riegersdorf – national border 19 A 23 country road Eurogate

Editing: Steinacher Infrastructure projects: 2011 - 2016 Map based on: BMVIT Map background: Verlag Ed. Hölzel

18

S4

A3

23

20 19 15S8 19 A23 16 22 14

Vienna

18

11

5 A 10 Tauerntunnel; 2nd tube incl. renovation existing tube/ A 10 environmental compensation measures Zederhaus 6 A 11 Karawankentunnel; safety-realted upgrade 7 A 9 Bosrucktunnel; 2nd tube incl. renovation existing tube 8 A 10 Tunnelkette Klaus; 2nd tube 9 S 10 Unterweitersdorf – Freistadt 10 S 34 St. Pölten Hafing – Wilhelmsburg

Graz

S35

S5

S3

Jihlava

Wr. Neustadt

S33

26 Bruck/Mur

15

St. Pölten

Gmünd

1 A 14 Pfändertunnel; 2nd tube incl. renovation existing tube 2 S 16 Dalaaser Tunnel – Bludenz 3 Safety engineering measures Arlbergstraßentunnel 4 A 12 Innsbruck – Amras; safety expansion

A2

29

26 Bruck/Mur station 27 Kitzbühel station 28 Schwarzach-St. Veit station 29 Zeltweg station Motorway projects:

6

A11

A1

Wels

25

Villach

5

A8

9

S10

Prague Ceske Budejovice

Infrastructure projects 2011 – 2016

3.3 Infrastructure projects in Austria

Map 6: Infrastructure projects 2011 – 2016

Seite 51

3.4

The Danube in Austria Port infrastructure of the most important Austrian Danube ports 2010 Area [m²]

1.500.000 Linz AG 66.000 Linz Voestalpine Werkshafen 220.000 Linz Felbermayer 3.030.000 Ennshafen 60.000 Ybbs 430.000 MIERKA Donauhafen Krems Wiener Hafen 3.500.000

Number of Permissible Rail Road connection Lorry parking Passenger places terminal Water surface Port Basins Water depth draught Landing stage Winter habour connection Distance to road [km] [m²] [number] [m] [m] [number] [yes/no] Length [km] [number] [yes/no] 450.000

6

7,0

2.000

1

8,0

n/a

1

2,7 n/a

n/a

n/a

35

yes

27,0

2

0

126

yes

n/a

2

20

no

yes

yes/ n/a

1

15

no

n/a

no

500.000

2

3,0

2,7

80

yes

14,2

1

0

yes

325

1

3,8

3,8

1

yes

0,2

2

10

no

70.000

2

8,0

5,0

14

yes

8,0

1

50

no

665.000

3

2,5

1,5

150

yes

50,0

4

200

yes HERRY 2010

Source: via donau, http://www.danubeports.info, December 2010

Table 44: Port infrastructure of the most important Austrian Danube ports 2010

The Danube waterway in Austria 2009

Waterway Free-flowing stretch Lock Important water gauge Port/Transhipment site Container terminal Navigation surveillance

Jochenstein River-km 2.203 2 chambers of 227 x 24 m Greifenstein River-km 1.949 2 chambers of 230 x 24 m

2225

Passau 2200

Engelhartszell

Kachlet River-km 2.231 2 chambers of 226,5 x 24 m

2175

Aschach

Aschach River-km 2.163 2 chambers of 230 x 24 m

2150

Linz

Kienstock River-km 2.015 RNW: 177 cm HSW: 624 cm

Handelshafen Tankhafen Voestalpine Felbermayr

Persenbeug River-km 2.060 2 chambers of 230 x 24 m

2125

Persenbeug

Grein

Ottensheim River-km 2.147 2 chambers of 230 x 24 m

Enns

Ybbs

Krems 2000

1950

10

20

40

Pischelsdorf

2025

Tech Gate

Pöchlarn

1925

Melk River-km 2.038 2 chambers of 230 x 24 m

60

80 Kilometer

Map 7: The Danube in Autria 2009

Seite 52

Korneuburg

Brigittenauer Sporn

2050

Abwinden River-km 2.120 2 chambers of 230 x 24 m Wallsee River-km 2.096 2 chambers of 230 x 24 m

0

Nußdorf (Donaukanal) River-km 1.949 1 chambers 70 x 13 m

1975

2075

2100

Altenwörth River-km 1.980 2 chambers of 230 x 24 m


Vienna Freudenau Albern Lobau

Angern

Freudenau River-km 1.921 2 chambers of 275 x 24 m

Bratislava 1875

1900

Hainburg Bad DeutschAltenburg

Wildungsmauer River-km 1.895 RNW:173 cm HSW: 576 cm

Editing: Steinacher Based on map: via donau 2009


19

95

430

1.500

3.500

11

30

60

180

10

3

70

120

54

2003

1994

1982

1980

1939

1939

1901

1981

1996

2007

2003

1992

1975

1984

1985

1983

Containerterminal Wien Nord-West

CTS Container Terminal Salzburg

Port Krems

Port Linz

Port Vienna

Terminal Bludenz

Terminal Hall in Tirol

Terminal Kapfenberg

Terminal Lambach

Terminal St. Michael

Terminal St. Pölten

Terminal Villach Süd

Terminal Wels

Terminal Wolfurt

- ... not applicable

n/a ... not specified

Source: BMVIT, Department IV - Transport

 x

500

3.030

Opened in [year]

Status: January 2012

Total area [in 1.000 m²]

Containerterminal Enns

               

Road

... nonexistent

... existent

n/a

n/a

n/a

160

n/a

480

200

200

n/a

1.500

1.000

440

850

n/a

600

900

Rail

               

x  x x    x x x x x x x x x

Max. total transshippment volume [TEU/day]

CCG Cargo Center Graz

Transport mode

Water

General information

700 750 550 630 670 630 700 160 600 330 450 550 400 600 580 550

6 11 11 2 15 2 3 2 3 2 2 4 6 6

Number of loading tracks 4

Max. train length in [m]

6

Number of gantry cranes 1

2

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

2

2

2

1

2

-

Number of basins -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

6

2

-

-

2

-

Number of berths -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

150

35

14

-

-

80

Container maintenance

          x  x   

Container repair

x  x     x x  x  x x x 

Container cleaning

  x  x     x x  x   

Container trucking

x x x  x x x x x x x x x x x x

Container trading

x x x  x x  x x x x x x x x x

Container stuffing/stripping

x       x x x      

Bulk

       x   x x   x 

Services

x x  x x  x  x x x  x x x x

Tank container cleaning

Road, rail, water

 x x    x x x x  x x x x x

Weightbridge

Intermodal freight terminals in Austria 2012

Quality control

 x  x    x  x   x   

Packing services

x x x x  x x x x x x x x x x x

Parcel service

x x  x x x x x x x  x x x  

Container storage yard

       x  x      

Empty container / Depot

  x   x  x  x  x  x x x

Customs

x       x  x   x   

Cooling

 x      x  x   x    HERRY 2011

    x   x  x x  x x x x

Dangerous goods

3.5 Freight terminals in Austria

Table 45: Intermodal freight terminals in Austria 2012

Seite 53

Map 8: Intermodal freight terminals in Austria 2011

Seite 54


Map 9: Route classes of the Austrian railway 2011


Seite 55

25

50

100

150

200 kilometer

1) The wheelset load can be exceeded by an amount up to 0.5 t on routes of class C, for: - long two-axle wagons with a wheelset load of 20 t and 14.10 m ≤ length over buffers ≤ 15.50 m, to increase its capacity to 25 t. - wagons with a wheelset load of 22.5 t, to compensate for their higher dead-weight, resulting from the structural changes to achieve these wheelset load. In this case, the permissible wheelset is limited to 11.1 t.

Source: ÖBB-Infrastruktur AG

0

Maximum permissible wheelset load: A ..... 16 t B2 ..... 18 t C2 ..... 20 t 1) C3 ..... 20 t 1) C4 ..... 20 t 1) D2 ..... 22,5 t D3 ..... 22,5 t D4 ..... 22,5 t Pivate Railways Railway stations

Route classes of the Austrian railway 2011

Editing: Steinacher Route classes: valid from december 2010 Map bais: BEV Map background: Verlag Ed. Hölzl

"Rolling Road" (ROLA) terminals in Austria 2012 Terminal

Number of Current number Max. available loading track length loading tracks trains / day

Brennersee CCT ROLA Salzburg Hbf CCT ROLA Villach Süd CCT ROLA Wels Vbf CCT ROLA

2

Offered relations

Available lorry parking places

Wörgl

45

30

380 m

2

6

380 – 420 m

Triest

20

4

10

420 – 520 m

Maribor/Szeged

120

2

40

500 m

Trento/ Brennersee

50

Note: actual routes under http://www.oekombi.at/ Source: ÖKOMBI, Date: January 2012

Table 46: Rolling Road terminals in Austria 2012

Map 10: Offeres relations of the Rolling Road in Austria 2011

Seite 56


Herry 2012

Hohenems

VOR / INN

Reutte/Höfen

Innsbruck

VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011 Lienz/Nikolsdorf

WEST

Zell am See

Kufstein/Langkampfen St. Johann/Tirol

Salzburg

Nötsch

Mauterndorf

Ferlach- Glainach

Kapfenberg

Zeltweg

Fürstenfeld

Weiz/Unterfladnitz

Graz Thalerhof

Vöslau

Punitz-Güssing

Pinkafeld

Spitzerberg

Altlichtenwarth

Wien Schwechat

Wr. Neustadt

SOUTH

EAST

Völtendorf

Stockerau Langenlebarn

Krems-Langenlois

Lanzen/Turnau

Mariazell

Leoben/Timmersdorf

Seitenstetten

Mayerhofen Wolfsberg Friesach- Hirt

Klagenfurt

Feldkirchen St. Donat

Niederöblarn

Aigen im Ennstal

Ottenschlag

St Georgen am Ybbsfelde

NORTH

Trieben

Linz- Hörsching Wels Hofkirchen

Gmunden Scharnstein Micheldorf

Ried- Kirchheim

Eferding

Schärding- Suben

Freistadt

Dobersberg

3.6 Airports and airfields in Austria

Map 11: Airfields in Austria 2005

Seite 57

3.7

Gas supply in Austria

Map 12: Gas supply in Austria 2008

Seite 58


3.8

Electricity- and natural gas filling stations in Austria

Public charging and natural gas filling stations in Austria 2010 Legend public charging stations: state border municipal boundary

1 10

0

25

100 public charging stations

50

100

150

200 Kilometer

Source: Eurosolar Austria, public charging stations index, version 18.08.2010 http://www.elektrotankstellen.net/, November 2010

Legend natural gas filling stations: state border municipal boundary 1

5

0

25

10 natural gas filling stations

50

100

150

200 Kilometer

Source: CNG filling stations in Austria, version 20.07.2010 http://www.erdgasautos.at/, November 2010

Created: Steinacher Map basis: BEV Map background: Verlag Ed. Hölzel

Map 13: Electricity- and natural gas filling stations in Austria 2010


Seite 59

4 Parking space management The provision of parking spaces away from the main public areas could, particularly in densely built-up urban areas, not compensate for the growth of the private motorcar. Parking of privat cars became a central urban problem, particularly in inner city areas. Many municipalities in Austria took this precarious situation, as an opportunity begin to manage the parking in the public streets.

4.1 Parking space management in the municipalities

5

122 municipalities in Austria already manage the parking areas near to the town centres. Since 2005 19 further municipalities decided to implement such measures. Styria has the largest number of municipalities managing their street parking, followed by Lower Austria and Upper Austria both with 17 municipalities and Tyrol with 16. Burgenland has the lowest number of municipalities who manage their street parking, namely only 3.

Success of parking space management The most notable successes of the parking space management in the municipalities can be summarized as follows: · Reduction of parking space utilisation after the introduction of the parking space management. · Due to obligatory fees for short and long-term parking in public areas up to 30 % of parking spaces became free. · Decline of illegal parking and thereby increase in the safety for pedestrians. · Travel time and fuel consumption for finding a parking space is reduced to a third 6.

· Changes in the choice of transport means: public transport systems, as well as the bicycle are the winners of the introduced management of parking spaces. They are increasingly used for journeys to and from work. In Vienna, 25 % of the visitors and workers, who previously parked their cars in the public streets (in the parking space management areas) have since stopped and switched public transport means 7.

ÖAMTC, ARBÖ and http://www.auto.at/ Status: 2010 HERRY, ROSINAK & Partner [1996]: Vorher-Nachher-Untersuchung zur Parkraumbewirtschaftung in den Bezirken 6 bis 9, Magistrat der Stadt Wien, Vienna 1996 7 HERRY, KfV [1994]: Vorher-Nacher-Untersuchung zur Parkraumbewirtschaftung im 1. Bezirk, MA der Stadt Wien, Vienna 1994 5 6

Seite 60


Map 14: Parking space management in Austrian municipalities 2010


Seite 61

4.2

Parking duration and parking fees

The rules related to the maximum permitted parking duration range from 30 minutes (e.g. Stockerau) up to 3 hours (e.g. Steyr). In Austria, a maximum duration of 1.5 hours is the most frequent allowable period. In the majority of municipalities with parking management, the cost to park a vehicle within a managed parking zone is EUR 0.50 per 30 minutes. More than EUR 0.50 for 30 minutes parking, namely EUR 0.70 per 30 minutes must be paid for example in Wörgl (zone 1) and EUR 0.60 per 30 minutes in Graz. Wolfsberg (Carinthia) has the lowest parking fee, it costs only EUR 0.20 per 30 minutes (after 10 minutes of free parking). In Bregenz, Bludenz and Rankweil, municipalities of Vorarlberg, the parking duration is not restricted to a certain time.“ A day ticket in Bludenz within zone 2 or 4 costs EUR 3.00, for zone 3 the fee is EUR 2.00 In Bregenz a day ticket for the zone A (downtown) costs EUR 5.20 and EUR 3.50 for the zone B (peripheral) and in Rankweil a whole days parking costs just EUR 3.00. After a period of 4 hours parking in Fuschl am See a fee of EUR 3.30 has to be paid, but the parking period is then unlimited for that day. However, the parking space management in Fuschl is only applicable in the period from May to September. The first hour of parking is free of charge in the municipality of Leibnitz.

4.2.1 Car parking prices in european large cities Since 2007 one hour of parking in a fee-based short-term parking zone of the federal capital Vienna costs EUR 1.20 (an exception is the free parking ticket which can be used for a parking time of 10 minutes). In other major european cities short-term parking fees are mostly higher than in Vienna.

Parking fees in selected European Cities 2010 City Munich

EUR/h

Berlin Paris

2,00 - 3,00

Amsterdam Copenhagen Madrid Budapest

Note

1,00 2,50

Centre

3,20 - 4,00

Centre

0,40 - 3,89

Centre

1,00 - 1,80 0,41-1,55

Source: Internet searches on various city hompages

HERRY 2010

Table 47: One hour parking - city comparison

Seite 62


4.2.2 Payment methods In most municipalities with parking space management, the necessary parking tickets can be bought from ticket machines. Additionally to the purchase from machines, there is the possibility to buy parking tickets from tobacco shops or banks, especially in municipalities of Lower Austria (Krems, St. Pölten, Waidhofen an der Ybbs etc.). In many places it is also possible to pay the parking fee with a magnetic card (Quickwertkarte). As an alternative to parking tickets, clock dials, or vending machines, in many Austrian cities, such as Vienna, Graz, St. Pölten, Mödling, Stockerau, Wels, Gleisdorf, Gmunden, Linz, Bregenz and Bludenz, the parking fee can be paid via mobile phone. In Austria, there are currently five electronic park system providers, namely Mobile Phone Parking, Simpty, Mobile City, MobilZahlen, Handyparken and Park&More. In the communes of Innsbruck and Hall in Tirol, it is possible to pay parking fees by using an electronic parking clock. The required device is available from automobile clubs such as ARBÖ or ÖAMTC for a price of EUR 70.00 (for club members). The billing is effected via a previously charged prepaid card (credit of EUR 50.00, EUR 100.00 or EUR 150.00).

Electronic parking systems in Austria 2011 (Status February 2011) Federal state

City

System

Billing mode

VIE

Vienna St. Pölten Mödling Stockerau Linz Linz Linz Linz Wels Gmunden Gmunden Graz Graz Graz Graz Gleisdorf Innsbruck Hall i.T. Bregenz Bludenz Bludenz

E-Parking

no minute-based billing

E-Parking


E-Parking


E-Parking


LA

UA

ST

T V

Simty Mobile City MobilZahlen E-Parking Park&More E-Parking

Accounting in 6 minute steps

E-Parking


MobilZahlen E-Parking Simty Mobile City MobilZahlen E-Parking Park&More E-Parking


Smart Park / electronic parking meter


Smart Park / electronic parking meter


E-Parking

minute-based billing

Mobile City MobilZahlen E-Parking

Source: ÖAMTC, http://www.oeamtc.at/, February 2011

HERRY 2011

Table 48: Electronic parking systems in Austria 2011

The benefits from electronic parking ticket are:

· cashless payment

· charged to the minute

· not necessary to search for the next vending machine

· not necessary to go to the next vending machine

· extensions possible remotely


Seite 63

4.2.3

Exemptions benefiting residents

In order to improve the parking situation for the resident population, many communities that operate onstreet parking charges, have devised exemptions for affected residents. The price differences in “resident‘s parking-sticker“ are enormous: residents pay EUR 46.40 per year in Linz or EUR 79.80 for 2 years and in Klagenfurt EUR 66.01 for a year, then in Imst EUR 130.00 per year and in Neustadt EUR 150.20 per year or EUR 258.13 for two years. In the districts of Vienna where on-street parking charges are applicable, the cost for a resident’s parkingsticker (districts 1. to 9. and 20.) costs EUR 196.49 per year or EUR 331.49 for two years 8. In the area around the Vienna Stadthalle (15th district) on-street parking charges are also applicable every day between 18:00 and 23:00 from 1st September to 30th June of each year. The resident’s parking sticker there costs EUR 122.09 per year or EUR 182.69 for two years 9. The following table shows a comparison of the price rates of the Resident’s Parking-stickers in the Austrian federal state capitals (State: February 2011) 10:

Certificate of excemption for residents in the federal state capitals 2010 City

EUR 1

Validity

Eisenstadt Klagenfurt St. Pölten Linz Salzburg Graz Innsbruck Bregenz Vienna (districts 1-9, 20)

122,02

1 year

141,01

1 year

167,20

1 year

1

including federal taxes and administrative charges

2

road-related tax

93,20 40 - 80

1 year 2

2 years

126,27

1 year

147,36

1 year

95,00

1 year

196,49

1 year HERRY 2011

Source: Internet searches on various city hompages

Table 49: Certificate of exemption for residents in the federal state capitals 2010

4.3

Parking space management in selected towns

An important basis for the discussion on the topic “The impact of the congestion zone“ is before-and-after studies (parking space surveys and questionnaires), that can give a good overview of the changes in the parking space utilisation in the public streets.

All parking fees, including administrative charges All parking fees, including administrative charges 10 Internet Research concerning various Municipal-Homepages 8 9

Seite 64


4.3.1 Parking space management in Vienna Already in 1959, Vienna started to introduce a parking space management. In the first stage parking charges were restricted to specific individual sections or small areas within the first district. On the 1st of July 1993 the first district-wide short term parking scheme was introduced. In 1997 this scheme was extended to include the 4th and 5th districts and further extended to the 2nd, 3rd and 20th districts in 1999. From 1st September 2007, the period of validity of the zone coverage in districts 1 to 9 and 20 was extended on Monday to Friday (on workdays) in the time from 9 am to 10 pm 11.

Parking space study for the districts of Vienna 6. - 9. including the boarder area of the districts 4., 5. and 15. - 19.

Utilisation of parking spaces before and after the introduction of the parking space management in the districts of Vienna 6. - 9.

BEFORE

AFTER Vienna 18., Währing

Vienna 18., Währing

Vienna 9., Alsergrund

Vienna 9., Alsergrund

Vienna 17., Hernals Vienna 17., Hernals

Vienna 8., Josefstadt Vienna 8., Josefstadt Vienna 16., Ottakring

Vienna 1., Innere Stadt

Vienna 16., Ottakring Vienna 1., Innere Stadt

Vienna 7., Neubau

Vienna 7., Neubau

Vienna 15., Rudolfsheim Vienna 6., Mariahilf Vienna 15., Rudolfsheim

Vienna 18., Wieden Vienna 6., Mariahilf

Vienna 18., Wieden

0 or no data available

Vienna 5., Margareten Vienna 5., Margareten

Created Büro Herry: Russ, Schuster Base map: RBW 1981 MA 18

Utilisation - (demand legal+illegal) / supply legal

HERRY on behalf of the magistrate of the city of Vienna (MA 18)

Figure 35: Parking space management in Vienna – a comparison before and after the introduction of the parking space management

On the basis of the negative effects on the living quality of the inhabitants of the area around the Stadthalle (15th District) by commuters and visitors to the Stadthalle seeking parking spaces mainly in the evening, special rules were introduced to counter this. In the period from 1st September 2005 to 30th June 07, a short term parking scheme was introduced in this area as a test (excluding the months of July and August), daily from 6 pm until 11 pm (also on Sundays and public holidays). It was later decided to extend the scheme indefinitely and due to the results of surveys made in the test phase (see figures 36 and 37) the area covered was extended to the Johnstraße.

11

City of Vienna, City Development, http://www.wien.gv.at/stadtentwicklung/strategien/parkraumbewirtschaftung/geschichte.html, 10.02.2011


Seite 65

PREVIOUS STUDY

SUBSEQUENT STUDY

Kopp

Kopp

straße

straße

16 district th

16th district Gable

Gable

nzga

nzga

Stutterheimstraße

Stutterheimstraße

7th district

15 district

asse

e

e ass glg

Wurmserg

Johnstraß e

asse

aße

rzstr

Mä

e ass glg

Wurmserg

l

aß rstr gle we

e

Hu

aß rstr gle we

Hu

e

traß

ers

Felb

Sch

l

Sch

Johnstraß e

tteld

Hü

ße

stra

rz Mä

ße

Stra

r orfe

ugürte

ugürte

tteld

Hü

Neuba

ße

Stra

r orfe

e

traß

ers

Felb

Wed, 5.10.2005, Tue, 10.01.2006 and Tue, 20.3.2007

Tue, 22.10. u. Wed, 23.10.2002 Source: ZIS+P Verkehrsplanung, Pilotversuch PRB Stadthallenumgebung Vorher-Untersuchung. Im Auftrag der Stadt Wien, MA 18 und MA 46

7th district

th

th

Neuba

15 district

Stadthalle

ße

ße

Stadthalle

sse

Kaiserstra

Kaiserstra

sse

Source: Herry Consult, Pilotversuch PRB Stadthallenumgebung Nachcher-Untersuchung. Im Auftrag der Stadt Wien, MA 46

Legend: under 50%

Occupancy rate of the parking space offer in public area on a survey day “without” event from 8:00 - 10:00 p.m.

50% - 59% 60% - 69% 70% - 79% 80% - 89% 90% - 99%

HERRY CONSULT

100% and more

Created: Steinacher

Figure 36: Parking space management in Vienna-environment of the Stadthalle - utilization at a day “without“ an event in the Stadthalle – a comparison before and after the introduction of the parking space management

PREVIOUS STUDY

SUBSEQUENT STUDY

Kopp

Kopp

straße

straße

16. BEZIRK

16. BEZIRK Gable

Gable

nzga

nzga

7. BEZIRK

asse

sse

Johnstraße

Wurmserg

aße

rstr

egle

Wurmser ga

aße

rzstr

Mä

e

e

e

traß

ers

Felb

Wed, 12.10.2005, Tue, 17.01.2006 and Wed, 21.3.2007

Fri, 22.11. and Sat, 23.11.2002 Source: ZIS+P Verkehrsplanung, Pilotversuch PRB Stadthallenumgebung Vorher-Untersuchung. Im Auftrag der Stadt Wien, MA 18 und MA 46

rS

ass

e

traß

ers

Felb

glg Hu

e

ass

glg Hu

traß

rs gle

rzstr

Mä

e traß

orfe

tteld

Hü w Sch

l

we Sch

aße

7. BEZIRK 15. BEZIRK

l ugürte

rS

orfe

tteld

Hü

Stadthalle

Neuba

e traß

ugürte Neuba

15. BEZIRK Johnstraß e

Stutterheimstraße

Stutterheimstraße

Stadthalle

sse

ße Kaiserstra

ße Kaiserstra

sse

Source: Herry Consult, Pilotversuch PRB Stadthallenumgebung Nachcher-Untersuchung. Im Auftrag der Stadt Wien, MA 46

Legend:

Occupancy rate of the parking space offer in public area on a survey day “with” event from 8:00 - 10:00 p.m.

under 50% 50% - 59% 60% - 69% 70% - 79% 80% - 89% 90% - 99% 100% and more

HERRY CONSULT

Created: Steinacher

Figure 37: Parking space management in Vienna-environment of the Stadthalle - utilization at a day “with“ an event in the Stadthalle – a comparison before and after the introduction of the parking space management

Seite 66


4.3.2 Parking space management in Graz In Graz there are “Green Zones“ in which one is required to pay for parking and a total of about 11,600 spaces are available there. There are a total of 10 separate parking zones in which fees shall apply on weekdays (Monday to Friday from 9 am - 10 pm). Parking in these “green zones“ is free on Saturdays. The minimum fee (30 min parking) is EUR 0.40 and the cost for a 1-day ticket is EUR 5,- and for a 2-day-ticket EUR 10, -. As long as the necessary fees are paid, then the total period of parking in the “Green Zones“ is unlimited 12.

J

I A

H

8

10

G

B

9

11

7

1

3

2 6

C

5 F

E

D

Kartengrundlage: Stand: 19. März 2010

0

250 500

Meter 1.000

Map 15: Parking space management in Graz 13

12

City of Graz, Parking Space Management, http://www.graz.at/cms/beitrag/10065936/1357076; 10.02.2011 City of Graz, Parking Space Management, http://www.graz.at/cms/beitrag/10065936/1357076; 10.02.2011

13


Seite 67

4.4

Parking facilities in Austria

4.4.1 Parking garages in Austria - a comparison The average cost for a one-hour parking period in an Austrian parking garage is EUR 2.33. The cheapest is the short-term parking in garages in Bregenz with EUR 0.71 for an hour. In Salzburg, on the other hand, for the same period one must pay EUR 6.58. A comparison of the monthly arrangement parking costs in the federal capitals 14 showed that parking in the following cities: Vienna (EUR 134.99), Innsbruck (EUR 125.90) and Graz (EUR 110.79) were significantly more expensive than the Austrian monthly arrangement average of around EUR 97,-.

Parking garage fees in selected cities in Austria 2010 in [EUR] Monthly rent for permanent 1 hour short-term parking parking1 Average in EUR B C LA UA S ST T V VIE Austria 1

Eisenstadt Klagenfurt Villach St. Pölten Klosterneuburg Wiener Neustadt Linz Salzburg Zell am See Badgastein Graz Innsbruck Bregenz Vienna Total

1,77 2,15 1,00 1,30 2,00 1,40 2,36 1,79 1,60 2,50 2,48 1,89 0,71 2,66

99,67 85,56 67,67 72,00 79,00 75,00 91,83 88,27 130,00 110,00 110,79 125,90 64,50 134,99

2,33

Prices for permanent parking (monthly summer rates)

97,15 HERRY 2010

Source: ÖAMTC, Parking garages

Table 50: Parking garage fees in selected cities in Austria 2010

In Vienna, the average monthly rent for parking garages in the 1st district is EUR 271.48 and is considerably higher than in the other districts. In the districts 2 to 9 and 20, the average monthly rent is approximately EUR 137, -, in the 13th district (Hietzing) the rent is slightly higher at about EUR 159, - and, in the other districts at around EUR 90, -.

ÖAMTC, Parkgarages (Covered Car Parks)

14

Seite 68


Average monthly rent for permanent parking in parking garages in Vienna by districts 2010 [in EUR] € 300,00 € 271 € 250,00

€ 200,00

€ 150,00

€ 138

€ 164 € 147 € 148 € 143

€ 146 € 143

€ 159 € 135 € 113

€ 100

€ 100,00

€ 93

€ 92 € 94 € 92

€ 92 € 79

€ 120 € 104 € 103

€ 85

€ 77

€ 50,00 € 31

€-

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23. Vienna

District

Source: ÖAMTC, Parking garages

HERRY 2010

Figure 38: Average monthly rent for permanent parking in parking garages in Vienna by districts 2010

4.4.2 Parking garages in Austria - an international comparison Compared to other european cities, the average parking garage charge of EUR 7.80 for 3-hour parking in Vienna is in the midfield. In Venice you have to pay significantly more (EUR 10.-) for a parking time of three hours. Average parking garage fees for 3 hours in selected European cities 2011 in [EUR] € 12,00

€ 10,00

€ 10,00 € 9,00

€ 9,00 € 8,49 € 7,80

€ 8,00

€ 7,50 € 6,94

€ 6,00

€ 5,37 € 4,35

€ 4,00

€ 2,00

€ 0,00

Venice

Paris

Berlin

Munich

Vienna

Bratislava

Zurich

Budapest

Source: various city homepages, February 2011

Ljubljana HERRY 2011

Figure 39: Average parking garage fees for 3 hours in selected European cities 2011


Seite 69

4.4.3 Park-&-Ride facilities in Austria Park-&-Ride facilities act as important interfaces between individual motorized transport and public transport. For example, free parking for railway customers is already offered at 213 railway stations in Lower Austria. On the basis of a framework agreement with the ÖBB since 1995) the province of Lower Austria takes over between 35 % and 45 % of the construction costs. Approximately 13,600 parking spaces were built in the period from 1995 to October 2009 15.

Map 16: Park and Ride facilities in Lower Austria 2011

15

Amt der NÖ Landesregierung, RU7, NÖ Strategie Verkehr (Traffic Strategy for Lower Austria), St. Pölten 2010

Seite 70


In some cities combi-tickets are offered for the use of special Park-and-Ride facilities:

· The Innsbrucker Verkehrsbetriebe und Stubaitalbahn GmbH, in short called IVB, offers a combination ticket, the so-called “Park&Ride plus Bus-Ticket“, which allows you to park in the Park-&-Ride facility “Olympiaworld” and then use all IVB bus lines in the central zone of Innsbruck with just one ticket costing EUR 8,- (for up to 5 persons) 16.

· In Salzburg the two Park-&-Ride facilities “Messe”, which is accessible from the motorway exit “Messe“, and Salzburg-Süd, which is accessible from the motorway exit “Süd, Alpenstrasse”, offer combi- tickets for a price of EUR 12,- and EUR 13,- respectively (includes the parking fee and a Day Ticket for the Salzburg public transport network for up to 5 persons) 17.

4.4.4 Park-&-Ride facilities in Europe In 2009 the ADAC, together with 19 other automobile clubs, performed a study “Park-& -Ride in Europe“ in 22 major cities of Europe. The results showed that in all cities in Europe the Park-&-Ride facilities differ significantly, especially in the price (sometimes cheaper, sometimes more expensive, and sometimes free of charge), as well as the signs and the design. In some capital cities such as Copenhagen, Brussels, Madrid, Lisbon and Zagreb there is no Park-&-Ride facilities, or the information was contradictory. When one includes the cost for the local public transport, then Vienna, with EUR 6.40 and all German cities with between EUR 5.- and 6.50, are all in the European mid-field 18.

Top prices of Park & Ride facilities comparison of European cities 2009 in[EUR] Geneva

€ 40,59

Oslo

€ 24,19

Paris

€ 15,70

Stockholm

€ 10,89

Helsinki

€ 6,40

Cologne

€ 6,40

Vienna

€ 6,40

Munich

€ 6,10

Amsterdam

€ 6,00

Berlin

€ 5,60

Hamburg

€ 5,20

Rome

€ 5,00

Sheffield

€ 4,49

Budapest

€ 3,00

Luxembourg

€ 3,00

Prague

€ 2,57

Ljubljana

€ 1,00

€ 0,00

€ 5,00

€ 10,00

€ 15,00

€ 20,00

€ 25,00

€ 30,00

€ 35,00

€ 40,00

€ 45,00

24 hour parking incl. ÖPNV-ticket in [EUR] Source: ADAC-Survey 2009, Park and Ride in Europe, http://www.adac.de/infotestrat/tests/verkehrsmittel/park-ride/default.aspx, February 2011

HERRY 2011

Figure 40: Top prices of Park & Ride facilities - comparison of European cities 2009

IVB, http://www.ivb.at/, Februar 2011 http://www.salzburg.info/static/cms/salzburginfo/bdb06_anreise_verkehr/park_ride_folder.pdf, Februar 2011 18 ADAC-Study 2009, Park and Ride in Europe, http://www.adac.de/infotestrat/tests/verkehrsmittel/park-ride/default.aspx, Februar 2011 16 17


Seite 71

4.4.5 Bike-&-Ride facilities In Austria, according to an ÖBB survey, there are 342 Park-&-Ride facilities or Bike-&-Ride facilities available at interfaces to public transport. These offer a total space for about 23,500 two-wheelers, of which over 80 % are covered places. Lower Austria with 142 Bike-&-Ride facilities or Bike-&-Ride facilities has the highest offering of all the federal states.

Range of two-wheeler parking spaces at interfaces of the public transport by federal states 2009 (Stand: 12.5.2009) Federal state Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria

Number of stations with P&R and/or B&R

total

Two-wheeler parking spaces (bicycle, moped, motorcycle) thereof roofed thereof unroofed

15 21 142 60 20 44 24 12 4

521 1.213 12.500 3.166 1.173 1.938 1.799 1.155 162

380 832 10.162 2.872 1.160 1.729 1.559 953 26

342

23.687

19.673

141 381 2.398 294 13 209 240 202 36 4.014 HERRY 2011

Source: ÖBB

Table 51: Range of two-wheeler parking spaces at interfaces of the public transport by federal states 2009

4.4.6 Park-&-Drive facilities in Austria Park-&-Drive facilities provide an additional offer to commuters. As a result of a framework agreement between the state of Lower Austria and the federal government, for example, Lower Austria has since 2007 built five Park & Drive facilities along the highest frequented main roads. These are aimed at increasing the formation of car-pooling and thereby helping to save fuel and CO2.

Official Park and Drive facilities in Lower Austria 2011 (Stand Februar 2011) Bereich

Anzahl der Stellplätze

A2/B26 Wr. Neustadt West

44

A1/L80 Haag

44

A1/B1 Amstetten West

109

B22/B31 Gstadt

11

S6/B54 Seebenstein

80

Summe der Stellplätze Source: Lower Austrian government

288 HERRY 2011

Table 52: Official Park and Drive-facilities in Lowre Austria 2011

Seite 72


5 Stock of motor vehicle – Motorisation In the following chapter, the structure and the development of stock of motor vehicles in Austria as well as the varying levels of motorisation of the Austrian population are presented. The main focus is on the road vehicle inventory, however developments in the rail, water and air transport are also outlined. There is a close relationship between the stock of motor vehicles and the level of motorisation of the population, the passenger traffic and the passenger transport performance on our roads.

Stock of road motor vehicles In consideration of the development of stock of motor vehicles in Austria since 1965, it was particularly noticeable that the growth of passenger cars and estate vehicles (+451 % from 1965 to 2009) was above average, measured against the increase in the total stock of motor vehicles (+230 % from 1965 to 2009). The biggest growth rates occurred In the late 60s and early 1970s, but were curbed in consequence of the 1st and 2nd oil crisis (1973 and 1980‘s). While the growth rate increased again in the first half at the 90‘s it levelled off significantly (about 1 % - 2 % annual growth rate) within the period of 2005 to 2009. The development of stock of cars and estate cars, differentiated according to methods of propulsion, makes a strong second trend visible: the “diesel boom“, which was influenced in particular by the lower fuel prices and lower fuel consumption of diesel powered vehicles compared to petrol-driven vehicles. While the stock of gasoline-powered passenger cars declined within the period of 1995 to 2008, the number of diesel vehicles registered in Austria increased since 1995 by more than 188 %. In the year 2000 the share of diesel cars was around 37 %, however by 2009 there were around 55 % more diesel vehicles than gasoline vehicles registered in Austria. Also the number of electrically driven vehicles is continually growing. In 2009, 223 electric driven cars and estate cars has been registered in Austria. In comparison, in 2000 there were only 156 in Austria. Concerning new registrations, the proportion of diesel vehicles in the year 1999 was around 34 %, and increased to around 56 % by the year 2010. Within the EU-27 Austria ranks at the third position (after Luxembourg and Belgium) with respect to highest share of passenger cars with diesel engines. The development of stock of cars and estate cars in the individual federal states shows by comparing different periods, a very variable picture. For example, in the provinces of Carinthia and Tyrol there was a rise in registered passenger cars and estate of 50 % from 1991 to 2001, but from 2001 to 2009 there was only an increase of approximately 2 % and 4 %. The highest increase in the number of cars and estate cars from 2001 to 2009 were recorded in the states of Lower Austria and Burgenland each with 10 %. The development of stock passenger cars in Vienna is a special case. In Vienna there was a rise in registered passenger cars and estate of 17 % from 1991 to 2001, but from 2001 to 2009 there was only an increase of approximately 4 %. This is primarily explained by the good development of public transportation, and availability of most necessities within walking distance, as well as the limited availability of parking spaces in the city. An EU-comparision from 1970 to 1980 showed that Austria, with an increase of 88 % in the stock of cars and estate cars, was significantly above the EU-15 average of +67 %. In Poland, Greece, Portugal and Lithuania there was an increase of more than 100 % in the period from 1980 to 1990, whereas in the same period Austria only recorded an increase of 33 %. Impressive is the increase in the new EU-states in this current decade (for example Lithuania with +465 %). A comparison of he development in the last years (2004 to 2008) shows average annual growth rates significantly lower than in the 1980‘s. In particular, countries with high motorisation levels, such as Germany, France, Great Britain, Spain or Italy, have already reached a certain saturation level.


Seite 73

Motorisation rate In Austria the motorisation rate rose by 379 % between 1965 and 2009, from 109 passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants to 522 pasenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants. Comparing the individual federal states in terms of the development of the motorisation rate shows particularly strong changes in Burgenland, Carinthia and Styria. In the province of Burgenland, the motorisation rate in the period from 1990 to 2009 increased by 52 %, in Carinthia by almost 46 % and in Styria by 43 %. Burgenland has the highest motorisation rate with an average of 599 cars per every 1,000 inhabitants. Between 1990 and 2009 the lowest growth rates in motorisation were found in Vienna (+ 10.2 %), Vorarlberg (+ 20 %) and in Salzburg (+ 21.6 %). In terms of the motorisation rate, Vienna has as a large city a certain exception status (good public transport development, compact settlement structure, limited parking possibilities etc.), which plays a role in the generally low motorisation level of 394 cars per 1,000 inhabitants in 2009, but is also reflected in the low growth rates. In international comparison, the motorisation level in Austria in the year 2008 (514 cars and estate cars per 1,000 inhabitant) was in the upper third of the EU-member states and thus above the EU-15 average (501 cars per 1,000 inhabitants) and even more clearly above the EU-27 average (470 cars per 1,000 inhabitants). In 2008, the highest motorisation levels within the EU were found in Luxembourg (667), Italy (601), Cyprus (557) and Malta (555). The lowest motorisation levels were recorded in Romania (187), Slovakia (285), Hungary (No 305) and in Bulgaria (311). However, in 2008 the largest increases in the motorisation level were found in Bulgaria, Romania and Poland (between 10 % and 14 %). This is primarily due to the still relatively low levels of motorisation in these countries.

Rolling stock, watercrafts and aircraft In the period from 1995 to 2000, rolling stock in Austria declined by 3 % (electric and diesel driven locomotives), then however in the period between 2000 and 2007 the number of locomotives (electric and diesel driven) increased by around 13 %. The number of wagons fell in this period (2000 - 2007) by 3 %. The stock of watercafts used for freight transport was revealed to have declined in the period from 1985 to 2002. On the other hand though, the stock of ships for commercial passenger transport rose steadily since 1975. A clear trend has been observed concerning both freight and passenger traffic towards larger ships (more than 1,500 tons capacity in the freight transport sector or more than 100 people capacity in the passenger transport). Due to legal changes situation no data on the movement of persons and concerning the fleet (= ships under the Austrian flag) has been reported since 2003. The stock of aircraft (including general aviation) recorded in the period from 1995 to 2009 a growth rate of + 36 %.

Seite 74


5.1

Motor vehicles

5.1.1 Stock of motor vehicles in Austria

Stock of motor vehicles by vehicle types and types of engine in Austria Data status: 31.12.2009 Types of engine Vehicle types (classes) Passenger cars (cl. M1) Motorcycles (cl. L3e) Scooters (cl. L1e) Motor tricycles and quadricycles (cl. L5e and L7e) Motor tricycles and quadricycles (cl. L2e and L6e) Mopeds cl. L3e Lightweight motorcycles (cl. L3e) Omnibuses (cl. M2 und M3) Lorries (cl. N1 - N3) Articulated lorries Motor carriages Prime movers 1 Driveable work machines ² Harvesters Other motor vehicles ³ Total

Electric

Natual gas

Liquid gas

1.105

1

Gasoline and ethanol

Petrol

Diesel

1.969.931

2.381.906

218.130

1

4

-

-

-

-

303.415

-

1.627

-

-

-

-

12.417

251

26

-

-

-

-

3.941

12.132

169

-

-

-

1.234

-

-

-

-

158.585

28

129

-

-

223

Gas -

Bivalent engine

2.421

798

Total

Hybrid 3.559

4.359.944

-

-

218.135

-

-

305.042

-

-

12.694

-

-

-

16.242

-

-

-

-

1.234

-

-

-

3

158.745

-

9.077

106

96

319

-

-

1

-

9.599

14.772

355.027

46

519

1

1

1

539

1

370.907 17.065

-

17.064

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

109

11.721

14

-

-

-

-

-

-

11.844

532

427.209

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

427.742

56

16.341

17

-

7

-

-

1

-

16.422

63

10.492

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

10.555

5.996

38.893

9

5

-

-

-

2

-

2.689.181

3.280.142

2.371

1

Tractors, two-axis machines, fruit and vineyard tractos, municipal tractors and other prime movers

2

including self-propelled working machines class N

3

including motorhomes

1.725

328

1

2.422

1.342

3.563

44.905 5.981.075 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Stock of motor vehicles 2009

Table 53: Stock of motor vehicles by vehicle types and types of engine in Austria 2009

Stock of motor vehicles by federal states and types of engine in Austria Data status 31.12.2009 Types of drive Petrol 2009


Diesel Change 2005/2009

2009

Electric Change 2005/2009

2009

Change 2005/2009

Others

Total

Change

2009

2009

2005/2009

100.158 196.676 592.437 488.400 156.938 418.640 207.069 125.027 403.836

+1,7% +0,9% +1,2% +1,8% +2,4% +1,6% +3,3% +1,5% -3,7%

144.187 235.546 751.995 633.694 205.008 513.123 266.356 122.432 407.801

+9,0% +12,5% +10,2% +10,4% +10,7% +8,5% +11,7% +12,7% +8,5%

54 264 678 460 227 278 90 137 183

+980,0% +915,4% +670,5% +513,3% +68,1% +858,6% +150,0% +128,3% +190,5%

258 266 1.818 1.553 710 969 638 365 2.804

2.689.181

+0,8%

3.280.142

+10,1%

2.371

+358,6%

9.381

244.657

+6,0%

432.752

+7,0%

1.346.928

+6,2%

1.124.107

+6,7%

362.883

+7,2%

933.010

+5,4%

474.153

+8,0%

247.961 814.624

+6,9% +2,4%

5.981.075

+5,9% HERRY 2010


Table 54: Stock of motor vehicles by federal states and types of engine in Austria 2009


Seite 75

5.1.2 Development of stock of motor vehicles in Austria

Development of stock of motor vehicles 1965 - 2009 in [1.000] Cars and estate cars

Year 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 ² 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 1

Index [2000=100]

Number

Vehicles-Total 1

Lorries Number

Index [2000=100]

Index [2000=100]

Number

791

19

96

29

1.810

32

1.197

29

121

37

2.201

39

1.721

42

146

45

2.767

50

2.247

55

184

56

3.384

61

2.531

62

207

63

3.802

68

2.991

73

253

77

4.240

76

3.594

88

290

89

4.915

88

4.097

100

327

100

5.581

100

4.182

102

331

101

5.684

102

3.987

97

320

98

5.419

97

4.054

99

326

100

5.506

99

4.109

100

333

102

5.576

100

4.157

101

339

104

5.647

101

4.205

103

346

106

5.723

103

4.246

104

354

108

5.797

104

4.285 4.360

105 106

363 371

111 114

5.873 5.981

105 107 HERRY 2010

without trailer

² Comparisons to 2001 are only possible to a limited extent, because of the inventory reconciliation performed at key date 31.3.2002 Source: Statistik Austria, Stock of motor vehicles 2009

Table 55: Development of stock of motor vehicles 1965 - 2009

Development of stock of motor vehicles including trailers 1965 - 2009 7.000.000

Number of vehicles and trailers

6.000.000

5.000.000

4.000.000

3.000.000

2.000.000

1.000.000

*)

-

1965

1970

1975

1980

Cars and estate cars

1985 Lorries

1990

1995

Motorcycles

2000

*) Comparisons to 2001 are only possible to a limited extent, because of the inventory reconciliation performed at key date 31.3.2002 Source: Statistik Austria, Statistisches Jahrbuch Österreichs 2010; Statistik Austria, Stock of motor vehicles 2009

Figure 41: Development of stock of motor vehicles including trailers 1965 - 2009

Seite 76


2005

2009

Trailers HERRY 2010

Development of cars and estate cars by types of engine 1965 - 2009 Stock of cars and estate cars Gasoline

Year

Index [2000=100]

Number

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Diesel

Electric

Index [2000=100]

Number

Number

Total

Other

Index [2000=100]

Number

Index [2000=100]

Number

768.122

30

22.549

2

4

3

-

790.675

19

1.159.100

45

37.484

3

0

0

-

1.196.584

29

1.669.053

64

51.643

3

26

17

-

1.720.722

42

2.168.410

83

78.524

5

16

10

-

2.246.950

55

2.390.589

92

140.193

9

18

12

-

2.530.800

62

2.582.521

99

408.733

27

30

19

-

2.991.284

73

2.766.911

107

826.540

55

137

88

-

3.593.588

88

2.597.888

100

1.499.101

100

156

100

-

4.097.145

100

2.544.585

98

1.637.289

109

153

98

-

4.182.027

102

2.243.847

86

1.743.098

116

148

95

-

3.987.093

97

2.168.945

83

1.885.228

126

135

87

-

4.054.308

99

2.087.180

80

2.021.821

135

128

82

-

4.109.129

100

2.028.952

78

2.127.664

142

127

81

-

4.156.743

101

1.983.337

76

2.220.804

148

127

81

701

4.204.969

103

1.960.380

75

2.283.302

152

131

84

1.770

4.245.583

104

1.957.751

75

2.323.016

155

146

94

4.006

4.284.919

105

1.972.352

76

2.381.906

159

223

143

5.463

4.359.944

106 HERRY 2010


Table 56: Development of cars and estate cars by types of engine 1965 - 2009 Abb 41 (engl)

Percentage of petrol and diesel vehicles of stock of cars and estate cars 1965 - 2009 in [percent] 100%

3%

3%

3%

3%

6% 14%

90%

23% 37%

80%

51% 70%

55%

60% 50%

97%

97%

97%

97%

94% 86%

40%

77% 63%

30%

49% 20%

45%

10% 0%

1965

1970


1975

1980

1985 Petrol

1990

1995

2000

2005

Diesel

2009 HERRY 2010

Figure 42: Percentage of petrol and diesel vehicles Page 1 of stock of cars and estate cars 1965 - 2009


Seite 77

5.1.3 Development of stock of cars and estate cars by federal states in Austria

Development of stock of cars and estate cars by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009 in [1.000] 1971 Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

1975

1981

1985

1991

1995

2001

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009 169

36

52

79

89

106

133

154

160

162

164

166

86

118

160

176

209

259

312

303

307

309

312

318

235

320

456

510

616

753

863

895

908

920

931

950

220

290

399

443

528

644

732

755

766

776

785

801

80

107

145

157

185

219

247

255

258

261

264

269

191

253

350

384

455

567

653

638

644

649

654

664

85

116

160

177

220

277

330

323

327

331

335

343

47

62

89

99

126

147

168

173

175

177

179

182

345

404

476

496

547

594

638

656

658

657

657

664

1.325

1.722

2.314

2.531

2.991

3.594

4.097

4.157

4.205

4.246

4.285

4.360 HERRY 2010


Table 57: Development of stock of cars and estate cars by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009

Changes in stock of cars and estate cars by federal states in 3 decades from 1971 - 2001 and from 2001 - 2009 in [percent]

120%

119%

100%

94% 89%

88%

86% 81%

83%

81%

80%

75%

60% 50%

50% 45%

40%

40% 34%

35%

31%

44%

39%

41%

38% 34%

32%

27%

38%

37%

33%

30%

29% 17% 15%

20% 10%

10%

9%

9%

8%

2%

0%

B

C

LA 1971-1981

UA

S 1981-1991

ST 1991-2001

T

V

6%

4%

4%

2%

VIE

Austria

2001-2009

Source: Statistik Austria, Stock of motor vehicles 2009; own calculations

Figure 43: Changes in stock of cars and estate cars by federal states in 3 decades from 1971 - 2001 and from 2001 - 2009

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HERRY 2010

5.1.4 Development of stock of lorries by EURO-classes

Development of stock of lorries by EURO-classes in Austria 1991 - 2009 (Data status: August 2009) in [Prozent] 1%

100% 10%

11%

12% 90%

22%

24%

24% 33%

80%

43%

21%

47%

100%

43% 40%

16% 88%

36% 14%

40%

76%

38% 31%

12%

67%

30%

12% 47%

41%

100%

28% 24%

11%

57%

22%

9%

48% 41%

20%

8% 35%

30%

10%

20% 7%

25%

21%

6% 5%

18%

15%

14%

4%

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

EURO 0 und davor

1997

1998

EURO I

1999

EURO II

2000

2001

EURO III

2002

2003

EURO IV

2004

2005

EURO V

2006

19%

3%

10%

8%

7%

2007

2008

2009

0%

1991

20%

12%

50%

18% 100%

16%

43% 50%

60%

8% 12%

34%

22%

70%

50%

11%

EEV

Note: The data are provided by the Federal Environmental Agency, WKÖ BSTV from 2007 (estimates 2007, 2008 und 2009) Source: WKO, Bundessparte Transport und Verkehr, EURO-Klassenzuordnung des Fahrzeugbestands - Schwere Nutzfahrzeuge (Lkw, Busse) > 3,5t hzG

HERRY 2011

Figure 44: Development of stock of lorries by EURO-classes in Austria 1991 - 2009

5.1.5 Development of car-indicators

Development of CO2-Emissions in [g/km], cubic capacity in [cm³], power output in [g/km] and vehicle weight in [kg] of newly registered petrol and diesel cars in Austria 2000 - 2009 130

120

110

100

90 DIESEL-CO2-Emissions [g/km]

80

PETROL-CO2-Emissions [g/km]

DIESEL-Cubic capacity [cm³]

PETROL-Cubic capacity [cm³]

DIESEL-Power output [kW]

PETROL-Power output [kW]

DIESEL-Vehicle weight [kg]

PETROL-Vehicle weight [kg]

70

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Source: BMFLUW, CO2-Monitoring 2010, Vienna 2010

2008

2009 HERRY 2011

Figure 45: Development of CO2-Emissions in [g/km], cubic capacity in [cm³], power output in [g/km] and vehicle weight in [kg] of newly registered petrol and diesel cars in Austria 2000 - 2009


Seite 79

5.1.6 Development of stock of cars and estate cars in the EU and selected non-EU countries Development of stock of cars and estate cars in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1970 - 2008 in [1.000] 1970 BE DE 1 FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

2005

2006

2007

2.060 15.107 11.900 10.181 72 2.564 1.077 393 11.900 227 2.378 421

3.159 25.870 19.100 17.686 129 4.550 1.390 738 15.619 863 7.557 1.269

3.864 36.772 27.072 27.416 183 5.509 1.590 796 20.722 1.735 11.996 1.700

4.678 39.059 29.808 32.584 273 6.539 1.854 1.333 25.067 3.195 17.449 3.443

4.740 39.388 30.330 33.239 281 6.711 1.873 1.401 25.816 3.424 18.151 3.589

4.787 39.721 30.591 33.706 287 6.855 1.888 1.466 26.493 3.646 18.733 3.885

4.821 40.017 30.583 34.310 293 6.908 1.895 1.527 26.992 3.840 18.688 3.966

4.874 40.179 30.537 33.973 300 6.992 1.916 1.604 27.806 4.074 19.542 4.100

4.919 40.660 30.497 34.667 307 7.092 1.965 1.684 28.326 4.303 20.250 4.200

4.976 41.020 31.002 35.297 315 7.230 2.020 1.802 28.667 4.543 20.909 4.290

5.049 41.184 31.443 35.680 322 7.392 2.068 1.910 29.101 4.799 21.760 4.379

5.131 41.321 31.109 36.105 329 7.542 2.099 1.953 29.279 5.024 22.145 4.408

1.197

2.247

2.991

4.097

4.182

3.987

4.054

4.109

4.157

4.205

4.246

4.285

712 2.288

1.226 2.883

1.939 3.601

2.135 3.999

2.161 4.019

2.195 4.043

2.275 4.075

2.347 4.113

2.430 4.154

2.506 4.202

2.570 4.258

2.700 4.279

62.477

104.284

143.946

175.513

179.303

182.283

184.246

186.466

189.611

192.985

196.160

3.439 464 268 557 1.172 2.365 189 9.991 866 1.274 1.993 2.778

3.530 407 280 586 1.133 2.483 195 10.503 881 1.293 2.086 2.881

3.647 401 288 619 1.181 2.630 202 11.029 895 1.327 2.174 2.973

3.706 434 303 649 1.257 2.777 209 11.244 910 1.356 2.309 3.088

3.816 471 336 686 1.316 2.828 211 11.975 934 1.197 2.438 3.225

3.959 494 355 742 1.455 2.889 213 12.339 960 1.304 2.538 3.364

4.109 554 373 822 1.592 2.954 218 13.384 980 1.334 1.768 3.603

4.280 524 411 905 1.588 3.012 225 14.589 1.014 1.434 2.082 3.541

220.223

224.676

229.764

2.029 3.861 1.385 5.773

2.084 3.900 1.436 6.141

2.155 3.956 1.491 6.472

685 30 60 40 44 240 n/a 479 151 164 160 40 k.A.

1980

1990

1.780 127 90 166 247 1.010 n/a 2.380 416 552 820 240 k.A.

2000

2.410 241 179 283 493 1.944 n/a 5.261 578 880 1.317 1.292 k.A.

2001

200.868

2002

205.563

209.647

2003

212.487

2004

215.901

2008

197.711

4.423 552 444 933 1.671 3.055 229 16.080 1.045 1.545 2.366 4.027 n/a

Selected non-EU countries NO CH HR TR 1

690 n/a n/a n/a

1.230 n/a n/a n/a

1.613 2.985 n/a n/a

1.852 3.545 1.125 4.422

1.873 3.630 1.195 4.535

1.900 3.701 1.244 4.600

1.934 3.754 1.293 4.700

1.978 3.811 1.338 5.400

2.197 3.990 1.535 6.797 HERRY 2010


Source: EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures 2010

Table 58: Development of stock of cars and estate cars in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1970 - 2008

Changes in stock of cars and estate cars in the EU

in 3 decades from 1970 - 2000 and from 2000 - 2008 in [percent] 500% 450% 400% 350% 300% 250% 200% 150% 100% 50% 0%

GR ES

PT AT IE

LU NL

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, Aug. 2010

IT

FI DE

FR BE GB DK SE

1970-1980

1980-1990

RO LT BG PL 1990-2000

EE HU LV SK

2000-2008

SI

CZ CY MT HERRY 2010

Figure 46: Changes in stock of cars and estate cars in the EU in 3 decades from 1970 - 2000 and from 2000 - 2008

Seite 80


5.1.7 Stock of cars by types of engine in the EU and selected non-EU countries Stock of cars by types of engine in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1995 - 2008 1995 Petrol BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-25

in [1.000] Types of drive 2005

2000 Diesel

Petrol

Diesel

2006

2007

2008

Petrol

Diesel

Petrol

Diesel

Petrol

Diesel

Petrol

Diesel

2.828 34.855 18.162 25.769 n/a 4.682 1.600 854 19.533 2.173 12.153 n/a

1.394 5.545 6.938 3.099 n/a 623 78 135 1.891 29 2.059 n/a

2.732 37.406 18.080 26.195 193 5.346 1.748 1.146 21.233 n/a 12.747 n/a

1.867 6.357 9.980 4.798 79 871 106 173 3.153 n/a 4.702 n/a

2.423 35.919 15.752 23.525 156 5.741 n/a n/a 21.876 n/a 11.816 n/a

2.417 10.091 14.348 9.811 151 1.117 n/a n/a 5.596 n/a 8.434 n/a

2.330 35.594 15.257 22.914 146 5.811 n/a n/a 21.635 n/a 11.667 n/a

2.571 10.820 15.143 11.007 169 1.184 n/a n/a 6.135 n/a 9.380 n/a

2.248 30.905 14.778 22.180 137 5.905 n/a n/a 21.432 n/a 11.500 n/a

2.731 10.046 15.922 12.065 184 1.251 n/a n/a 6.716 n/a 10.256 n/a

2.161 30.639 n/a n/a 131 6.012 n/a n/a 21.064 n/a 11.345 n/a

2.903 10.290 n/a n/a 196 1.277 n/a n/a 7.227 n/a 10.797 n/a

2.767

827

2.598

1.499

2.029

2.128

1.983

2.221

1.960

2.283

1.958

2.323

1.742 3.534

143 96

1.903 3.804

218 194

2.113 3.931

301 218

2.157 3.941

332 261

2.184 3.905

370 352

2.236 3.860

447 417

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

2.834 n/a 203 325 n/a 2.060 n/a 6.771 641 n/a n/a 2.023

201 n/a 16 7 n/a 185 n/a 736 56 n/a n/a 165

3.049 416 237 507 n/a 2.128 151 9.043 779 n/a n/a n/a

383 48 31 50 n/a 231 38 797 89 n/a n/a n/a

3.234 415 322 611 n/a 2.526 n/a 9.154 n/a n/a n/a n/a

718 79 33 132 n/a 362 n/a 1.260 n/a n/a n/a n/a

3.298 451 341 655 n/a 2.708 n/a 9.565 741 n/a n/a n/a

805 103 32 167 n/a 498 n/a 1.640 237 n/a n/a n/a

3.374 408 375 697 n/a 2.706 n/a 9.975 734 n/a n/a n/a

901 116 36 208 n/a 550 n/a 2.182 278 n/a n/a n/a

3.410 427 403 706 n/a n/a n/a 10.535 730 n/a n/a 2.901

n/a

1.008 128 40 227 n/a n/a n/a 2.906 313 n/a n/a 1.125

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

456 n/a n/a

980 n/a n/a

506 n/a n/a

987 n/a n/a

525 n/a n/a

Selected non-EU countries HR TR CH

583 n/a 3.132

128 n/a 96

891 n/a 3.402

228 n/a 142

956 n/a 4.664

418 n/a 380

970 n/a n/a

HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, August 2010; own calculations

Table 59: Stock of cars by types of engine in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1995 - 2008

Percentage of stock of cars by types of engine in the EU 2008 in [percent]

100% 90%

30%

28%

26%

25%

24%

23%

23%

22%

18%

17%

82%

83%

NL

FI

10%

9%

90%

91%

SE

CY

80% 70%

60%

57%

54%

49%

60% 50% 40%

70%

72%

SI

RO

74%

75%

76%

77%

77%

78%

GB

DE

LV

EE

CZ

PL

30% 20%

40%

43%

LU

BE

46%

51%

10% 0%

AT

ES

Note: FR, IT, DK, IE, GR, PT, LT, HU, MT, SK, BG ... No data available Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, August 2010

Petrol

Diesel HERRY 2010

Figure 47: Percentage of stock of cars by types of engine in the EU 2008


Seite 81

5.1.8 Motorisation in Austria

Motorisation by federal states and vehicle categories in Austria 2009 in [vehicle per 1.000 inhabitants1] Motorcycles 2

Cars and estate Other vehicles 4 cars

Lorries 3

Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna

47 51 52 45 44 47 47 50 33

54 42 51 46 46 43 46 41 36

599 568 592 568 508 550 486 495 394

165 110 144 138 88 132 94 88 20

Austria total

45

44

522

105

Vehicles total 864 772 839 797 686 773 673 675 483 716

1

HERRY 2010

Residential population (according to POPREG 1.1.2009) 2 including tricycles and invalid vehicles as well as light motorcycles since 1992 3

including tank trucks

4

mopeds, small motorcycles, omnibuses, prime movers, self-propelled working machines


Table 60: Motorisation by federal states and vehicle categories 2009

Motorisation by federal states and vehicle categories in Austria 2009 [vehicles per 1.000 inhabitants1]

900 800

[vehicles per 1.000 inhabitants]

700 600 500 400 300 200 100 B

C

LA

UA

Residential population (according to POPREG 1.1.2009) ² including tricycles and invalid vehicles as well as light motorcycles since 1992 ³ including tank trucks 4 Mopeds, small motorcycles, omnibuses, prime movers, self-propelled working machines

S

ST

T

V

VIE

Austria

1

Cars and estate cars

2

Motorcycles

3

Lorry

Other vehicles

HERRY 2010

Source: Statistic Austria, Stock of motor vehicles 2009

Figure 48: Motorisation by federal states and vehicle categories in Austria 2009

Seite 82

4


5.1.9 Development of motorisation

Development of motorisation in Austria 1965 - 2009 [cars and estate cars per 1.000 inhabitants] Cars and estate cars Index Absolute [2000=100]

Year 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Lorries Absolute

Index [2000=100]

109

22

13

33

160

32

16

41

227

45

19

48

298

59

24

61

334

66

27

68

387

77

33

82

447

88

36

90

505

100

40

100

515

102

41

102

493

98

40

100

505 505 507

100 100 100

41 41 41

102 102 103

509

101

42

105

512

101

43

107

514

102

44

109

522

103

44

111 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria; own calculations

Table 61: Development of motorisation in Austria 1965 - 2009

Development of motorisation in Austria 1965 - 2009 in [vehicles per 1.000 inhabitants]

900

800

Vehicles per 1.000 inhabitants

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

*) 0

1965

1970

1975

1980

Cars / estate cars

1985

Lorries

1990

Motorcycles

1995

2000

Other vehicles

*) Comparisons to 2001 are only possible to a limited extent, because of the inventory reconciliation performed at key date 31.3.2002 Source: Statistik Austria, Stock of motor vehicles 2009

2005

2009

Trailers HERRY 2010

Figure 49: Development of motorisation in Austria 1965 - 2009


Seite 83

Development of motorisation by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009 [cars and estate cars per 1.000 inhabitants] 1971 Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

1981

1990

1995

2000

2005

2009

Change 1971 - 2009

Change 1990 - 2009

Change 2000 - 2009

Change 2005 - 2009

132

293

393

491

551

575

599

+352,8%

+52,3%

+8,6%

+4,0%

163

298

390

473

554

541

568

+247,8%

+45,8%

+2,5%

+5,0%

165

319

431

511

560

570

592

+257,9%

+37,3%

+5,7%

+3,8%

179

314

416

483

531

541

568

+217,4%

+36,6%

+6,9%

+5,0%

197

328

418

454

479

484

508

+157,3%

+21,6%

+6,1%

+4,9%

160

295

383

479

543

532

550

+244,1%

+43,4%

+1,3%

+3,3%

156

273

376

438

494

466

486

+211,5%

+29,4%

-1,6%

+4,3%

170

292

413

444

481

480

495

+191,8%

+20,0%

+2,9%

+3,0%

213

311

357

386

397

403

394

+84,8%

+10,2%

-0,9%

-2,4%

177

306

396

461

505

507

522

+195,0%

+31,8%

+3,3%

+3,0% HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Stock of motor vehicles 2009; own calculations

Table 62: Development of motorisation by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009

Development of motorisation by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009 in [cars and estate cars per 1.000 inhabitants] 600 Please notice leaps in timeline!

Cars and estate cars per 1.000 inhabitants

500

400

300

200

100

0

B

C

LA 1971

UA 1981

S 1990

ST 1995

2000

T 2005

V

VIE

2009 HERRY 2010


Figure 50: Development of motorisation by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009

Seite 84

Austria


5.1.10 Development of motorisation in the EU und selected non-EU-countries Development of motorisation in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1970 - 2008 in [cars and estate cars per 1.000 inhabitants] 1970 BE DE 1 FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

1980

1990

2000

2006

2005

2007

2008

213 194 233 189 212 195 218 132 213 26 70 49

320 330 354 313 352 320 271 215 277 89 201 129

387 461 476 483 477 367 309 228 359 170 309 258

456 475 503 563 622 409 347 348 419 291 432 336

468 493 497 590 655 434 362 400 469 387 463 397

470 498 502 597 661 442 371 418 471 407 470 405

473 501 506 598 665 451 378 434 476 428 481 412

477 504 498 601 667 458 381 439 475 446 483 415

160

298

387

505

507

509

512

514

155 283

256 347

388 419

412 450

462 459

475 461

485 464

507 462

183

293

394

473

503

495

500

501

70 22 97 17 14 23 k.A. 15 87 36 19 2

173 86 175 66 72 94 k.A. 67 218 110 92 11

234 154 304 106 133 187 337 138 294 166 152 56

335 339 384 236 336 232 483 259 435 237 251 124

386 367 463 324 428 287 525 323 479 242 329 156

399 413 479 360 470 293 535 351 488 247 230 167

412 391 521 398 472 300 548 383 504 265 272 164

423 412 557 413 499 305 555 422 514 285 311 187

k.A.

k.A.

k.A.

k.A.

k.A.

k.A.

463

470

641 445 519 323 88

658 455 521 336 92

657 458 518 346 95

Selected non-EU countries IS NO CH HR TR 1

k.A. 177 k.A. k.A. k.A.

k.A. 301 k.A. k.A. k.A.

468 380 442 k.A. k.A.

561 411 492 253 64

625 437 518 312 80

HERRY 2010



Table 63: Development of motorisation in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1970 - 2008

Motorisation in the EU 2008

in [cars and estate cars per 1.000 inhabitants] 800

700

Cars and estate cars per 1.000 inhabitants

600 EU-15-Average

500

EU-27-Average

400

300

200

100

0

LU

IT

AT

FI DE

FR ES BE GB SE NL GR IE

PT DK

CY MT SI

LT CZ PL LV EE BG HU SK RO


HERRY 2010

Figure 51: Motorisation in the EU 2008


Seite 85

5.2

Rolling stock Railway: Rolling stock in Austria 1970 - 2007 1970

1980

1995

1990

2000

2007 1

2003

Steam locomotives

479

62

38

34

23

22

23

Diesel locomotives

407

574

556

539

490

544

510

Electric locomotives

536

713

744

760

767

803

914

Railcars

315

347

468

520

496

442

590

4.573

4.493

4.164

4.104

4.091

3.733

3.009

249.623

266.718

261.046

238.505

244.412

232.403

160.447

991

726

523

352

137

114

112

37.438

37.033

31.634

22.466

19.135

18.515

20.899

Passenger coaches (incl. railcars) Seats in passenger coaches and railcars Baggage wagon Freight cars total

HERRY 2010 1

Austrian transportation companies, that were subjects to registration in goods and passenger traffic, but without ways with mainly touristic character

Source: BMVIT Eisenbahnstatistik 1999/2000, 2003; Statistik Austria, Österreichische Verkehrsstatistik 2008

Table 64: Railway: Rolling stock in Austria 1970 - 2007

5.3

Watercrafts Stock of watercrafts in Austria 1975 - 2002

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

For commercial freight transport

For commercial passenger transport

load in [tons]

seats [persons]

up to 649

650 - 999

1000 - 1499

from 1500

Total

up to 30

31 - 100

from 100

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

-

160

55

41

256

-

168

55

46

269

36

65

54

58

213

178

49

55

282

33

45

52

80

210

173

47

73

293

29

20

29

70

148

167

50

68

285

34

12

32

93

171

196

47

72

315

33

11

33

94

171

192

50

74

316

31

5

16

90

142

205

51

75

331

Due to change of the legal bases, information on passenger transport and on stock of watercrafts (= vehicles under Austrian flag) in the passenger and freight shipping were not collected anymore since 2003.

HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, some Austrian statistical yearbooks; via donau

Table 65: Stock of watercrafts in Austria 1975 - 2002

5.4

Aircraft Stock of airplanes including general aviation (privat planes) in Austria 1995 - 2009 Type of aircraft

1995

2000

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Planes Watercraft and amphibian vehicle Rotocraft Microlight aircrafts Motor glider Planes (federal government) Helicopter (federal government) Motor glider (federal government) Total stock

813

817

881

939

955

1.082

1.122

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

61

71

124

134

135

147

154

0

123

96

111

115

107

102

258

258

220

215

210

199

195

18

8

2

2

2

2

2

21

23

17

17

18

21

21

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

1.174

1.300

1.340

1.418

1.436

1.559

1.597

Source: Statistik Austria, Stock of civil aircrafts at key date January 1st 1995 - 2009

HERRY 2010

Table 66: Stock of airplanes including general aviation (privat planes) in Austria 1995 - 2009

Seite 86


6 Mobility - Travel Behaviour Mobility describes the capability for a movement of people and things from one place to another. The expression comes from the military language of the 18th century (“mobile“ within the meaning of “moveable and ready for use“). Mobility is generally considered as a physical, psychological or social “agility“. In the transport context, the term mobility refers the people moving about outside of the home for the purpose of overcoming spatial distances. Mobility is also used to make the best use of one’s habitat and to expand it as required. Mobility is also often defined as a willingness and ability to undertake spatial changes or changes to the place of residence by wish or need. The term mobility is applied quite differently in the various scientific disciplines. You can roughly differentiate between “vertical“ mobility (e.g. social ascent or descent) and “horizontal“ mobility (also geographical or physical). As a further form of mobility, mental mobility must be mentioned. The physical mobility can again be divided into migration and circular mobility (or transport mobility). “Under migration, spatial movements of households with permanent character is understood (e.g. new apartement or place of residence). In contrast, circular mobility refers to the recurring daily trips of households and their members“ 19. It is precisely this circular mobility (also transport mobility)related to regular trips, which is addressed by this chapter. So, when we refer hereafter to mobility, it is meant in the context of every change of location outside of one’s own home that can be related to people’s daily activities.

Mobility survey results for Austria The results are based on the “mobility survey of Austrian households“ that was made in 1995 as part of the task to create the federal highways plan for the BMWV 20. Currently, only a few federal states have performed detailed mobility studies for their own states, however within the framework of the BMVIT programme “ways2go“ (3rd call) the concept study KOMOD (concept study mobility data for Austria) will be initiated. This will serve as a basis for further mobility surveys. A mobility survey is planned to be performed in 2013 onwards and will for the first time be a complete year’s survey. The first results though are not earlier expected than in the year 2014. In 2001, Upper Austria implemented a mobility survey 21 covering the whole state. Mobility surveys and analyses took place in the years 2003 and 2004 (for Greater Salzburg 22) and in 2008 for Vorarlberg 23 and Lower Austria 24. Carinthia also performed a statewide mobility survey 25 (personal data) in the year 2009. For Vienna, current data 26 is available concerning the modal-split. Due to the use of various survey contents and methods, comparisons with the Austria-wide household survey from 1995 are not always possible and can only be done when clear comparapility is given.

19

20

21 22 23 24

25 26

HAUTZINGER, PFEIFFER: Gesetzmäßigkeiten des Mobilitätsverhaltens – Verkehrsmobilität in Deutschland zu Beginn der 90er Jahre – Band 4. In: Berichte der Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen, Heft M57, Bergisch Gladbach HERRY, SAMMER: Mobilitätserhebung österreichischer Haushalte, Arbeitspaket A3-H2 im Rahmen des Österreichischen Bundesverkehrswegeplan im Auftrag des BMWV, 19 Amt der OÖ Landesregierung, Oberösterreichische Verkehrserhebung 2001 HERRY Consult: Mobilitätsbefragungen und -Analysen Vorarlberg 2003 und 2008. Im Auftrag der Vorarlberger Landesregierung HERRY Consult: Mobilitätsbefragungen und -Analysen NÖ 2003 und 2008. Im Auftrag der NÖ Landesakademie bzw. der NÖ Landesregierung HERRY Consult: Mobilitätsanalyse 2004 der Stadt Salzburg und Umgebung. Im Auftrag des Magistrates der Stadt Salzburg, der Landesregierung Salzburg, der Landkreise Berchtesgadener Land und Traunstein Forum für Sicherheit und Mobilität, Mobilitätsverhalten in Kärnten, Mobilitätsstudie 2009. Im Auftrag der Kärntner Landesregierung SOCIALDATA, Verkehrsmittelwahl – Bewohner(innen) der Stadt Wien 1993 – 2009. Im Auftrag der Wiener Linien


Seite 87

Socioeconomic data 76 % of Austrians (89 % men, 64 % women) had a driving licence in the year 1995. The proportion of male driving licence holders in the states of Lower Austria and Vorarlberg, as well as in the Greater Salzburg area rose only slightly in the periods 1995 - 2003/2004 and 2008, whereas the number of female driving licence holders rose more significantly. For example, in 1995 only 65 % of females living in Lower Austria had a driving licence, but by 2003 it was already 78 % and by 2008 it reached 84 %. In particular, the number of 65 year old female driving licence holders rose from around 40 % (2003) to over 54 %.

Percentage of out-of-house or of mobile persons The percentage of mobile people per day in Austria in 1995 was 82 % (men 84 %, women 79 %). In Lower Austria in 1995, the percentage of mobile people per day was 81 % and by 2003 this had risen to 87.5 % and by 2008 to 87 %. Also in the Salzburg metropolitan area, the percentage of mobile people per day in 2004 was already at 89 %. The same percentage was already achieved in Vorarlberg in the year 2003 and rose slightly to 90 % by 2008.

Trips per person or per mobile person In Austria in the year 1995 every mobile inhabitant made on average 3.7 trips each working day. In Lower Austria each mobile inhabitant made on average 3.6 trips each working day in 1995 and this reduced slightly to 3.3 trips per working day by 2008. A similar decrease in the number of trips was also observed in Vorarlberg.

Mean trip length The average trip length (for all trips, also including those made by foot) in Austria in 1995 was 9.5 km, whereby, in principle men made longer trips than women. Latest data from Lower Austria (2008) show that the average trip length has increased for men (from 15.4 km in 1995 to 17.5 km in 2008) and women (from 8.5 km in 1995 to 12.1 km in 2008). Data from Lower Austria and Vorarlberg show however that the mean trip lengths of women have remained the same or become even shorter since 2003. It is relevant to transport policy that in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg, the percentage of weekday car trips of 5 km and less make up 41 % and 47 % respectively of the total. This means, nearly half of the mobile people‘s daily car trips are 5 km or less. In Lower Austria every twelfth car trip ends after only one kilometre.

Mean trip duration In 1995 the average trip duration during weekdays was 23 minutes (based on normal passenger-transport). Considering more recent data from Lower Austria, Vorarlberg and the Greater Salzburg metropolitan area shows that the mean duration has increased only slightly, but it is striking that the difference in trip time between men and women is beginning to close.

Seite 88


Modal-split In 1995, more than 50 % of all trips on working days had been made by motorised private transport (40 % as a driver, 11 % as a car passenger). The percentage of walking trips is significantly higher among women compared to men. However, data from Lower Austria give evidence that the proportion of walking trips reduced more rapidly among women during the last years (from 28 % in 1995 to 19 % in 2008), while it only slightly declined among men. A balance existed in Vienna in the year 1995 between the various available modes: one-third was with nonmotorised private transport, one-third with motorised private transport and one-third with public transport. Current modal-split data for Vienna show that compared to the 1995 survey results, the walking-percentage has decreased, but by contrast the percentage of cyclists and public transport users has increased. The percentage of trips made by car has slightly decreased. Full time working people are the most motorised group making on average 68 % of their trips by motorised private transport means. However, the percentage of all other working groups who use motorised private transport has also increased significantly. Additionally, the percentage of pensioners (in Lower Austria) who make their trips by car has since 1995 increased significantly (from 33 % to 49 %).

Trip purpose A quater of all trips on a working day are made by people going from or to work. However, trips related to private matters or shopping account for 27 % of all trips and are thus the most significant group.

Total daily trip length In 1995, the average travel distance per person on working days was almost 29 km in Austria (35 km in Lower Austria). In both the survey of 2004, as well as in 2008, the average daily distance travelled per person on a working day in Lower Austria was 43 km, i.e. it had increased by 8 km per working day as compared to ten years earlier. A gender comparison made in 1995, showed that the average travel distance of men was almost twice as large as those of women (i.e. 37 km to 20 km). However, recent surveys from 2008 show that travel distances of women are now increasing a lot.

Total daily trip duration The total travel time per person and day (daily mobility time budget) was in average about 70 minutes in Austria in 1995. In Lower Austria, it was also 70 minutes in 1995, but had increased to 72 minutes by 2008.

Bicycle traffic About 70 % of Austrian households are one or more bicycles 27. Therefore, in principle there is a high potential for environmental friendly transportation. By comparing the bicycle traffic performance (Radverkehrsleistung) of the federal states of Austria, Lower Austria shows the highest performance (296 million kilometres) and Burgenland the lowest (37 million kilometres). With an total annual distance per bicycles of 491 km, people from Vorarlberg use their bicycles by far the most, compared to the rest of the Austrian population.

27

BMVIT, Radverkehr in Zahlen – Daten, Fakten und Stimmung, Wien 2010


Seite 89

Commuters An Austrian-wide statistic concerning commuters has up till now only been addressed in the context of the official census data collected by Statistics Austria. Therefore, it should be noted that we could only use values from the last population census in 2001. Six out of ten trips between home and work are nowadays completed the a car. Since 1971, the share of car trips made due to commuting to work has almost doubled. Every second commuter already has his work place outside of the community where he lives. The average commuting distance per day has increased from 11 kilometres in the year 1971 to 20 kilometres in the year 2001. In 2001 only every fifth commuting trip was made by bus, train or non-motorised transport (e.g. walking or bicycles). In 1971 every third trip was made by these modes. In 2001 the ratio of people working in the same community as they reside to those who commute to another community to work was particularly striking in Burgenland and Lower Austria. The figures showed that there were in the Burgenland around 3.5-times more and in Lower Austria almost 3-times as many commuters as those working where they reside. The choice of transportation mode by the commuters in 2001, as already mentioned, was marked by a strong orientation (61 %) to the motorised private transport (MIT). If we consider only the commuters and ignore those who work and live in the same community, then the motorised private transport share increases to 74 %, with the greatest motorised private transport-orientation in Carinthia with 89 %, with 87 % in Styria and 87 % in Upper Austria.

Holiday and business moblity In 2008, about 5.3 million Austrian (older than 15 years) stayed at least one or two nights away from home (either in Austria or abroad). Compared to 2005 the overnight stays increased by 0.7 million. 1.2 Million Austrians (older than 15 years) made at least one business related trip in 2008. There were also in 2008 about 15.4 million holiday trips made, 6.9 million of the 15.4 million holiday trips made in 2008 were short holidays and nearly 8.6 can be accounted as main holiday trips. Both the short and the main holiday trips are predominantly made by private cars (62 %). However, the aircraft is gaining in importance, depending on how far away the holiday destination is. In business related travel the picture is similar, 54 % took cars and 13 % a train. Only for business trips abroad the airplane was for 57 % the preferred mode 28.

Car sharing Car sharing is used at least occasionally by 11,3 % of Austrians 29.

28 29

STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Urlaubs- und Geschäftsreisen der Österreicher 2009, Schnellbericht 3.4, Wien 2009 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Umweltbedingungen und Umweltverhalten 2007, Ergebnisse des Mikrozensus, Wien 2009

Seite 90


6.1

Socioeconomic Data Driving licence by federal states in Austria and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area1 Salzburg 2004 in [percent]

100% 90%

90%

90%

90%

89%

93%

90%

67%

70%

67%

86%

89%

70%

69%

65%

64%

83%

82%

78%

93% 87%

92%

90%

90%

88%

84%

80%

60%

94%

93%

61%

64%

60%

55%

50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% B 1995 1

C 1995

LA 1995

LA 2003

LA 2008

UA 1995

S 1995

MA S 2004

männlich

Metropolitan area Salzburg: City of Salzburg, Flachgau and Tennengau

ST 1995

T 1995

V 1995

V 2003

V 2008

VIE 1995

AT 1995

weiblich

Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy or the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government. HERRY 2011

Figure 52: Driving licence by federal states in Austria and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004

Driving licence by age-groups and sex in Lower Austria 2008 and in comparison to 2003 [in Prozent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50%

95%

92%

93%

96%

97%

97%

96% 87%

40%

92%

94%

88%

84%

87%

71% 30%

54%

20% 10% 0%

18 - 34 years

35 - 49 years female

50 - 64 years

male

total

65 years and older

Lower Austria

Comparison values from mobility survey 2003

Quelle: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government

HERRY 2011

Figure 53: Driving licence by age-groups and sex in Lower Austria 2008 and in comparison to 2003


Seite 91

Passenger car availability by age and sex in Lower Austria 2008 [in Prozent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40%

76%

86%

79%

84%

83%

90%

88%

81%

74%

85%

30% 20% 10% 0%

18 - 34 years

35 - 49 years

50 - 64 years

female any time

65 years and older

Lower Austria

male any time

Quelle: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government

HERRY 2011

Figure 54: Passenger car availability by age and sex in Lower Austria 2008

Stock of cars and estate cars per houshold in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008 Households in [percent]

Lower Autria

3 and more cars 11%

2 cars 35%

Vorarlberg 3 and more cars 4%

no car 5%

no car 7%

2 cars 27%

1 car 49%

Source: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government.

1 car 62%

Source: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government. HERRY 2011

Figure 55: Stock of cars and estate cars per houshold in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008

Seite 92


6.2

Percetage of out-of-house Abb 52 (engl)

Out-of-house share by federal states and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area1 Salzburg 2004 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent]

100% 90%

90% 80%

84%

84%

81%

89% 86%

78%

75%

72%

85%

90% 88% 82% 82% 80% 77%

91% 91% 88% 90% 87% 85% 84% 84% 79%

89% 82%

84% 78%

74%

70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% B 1995

C 1995

LA 1995

LA 2003

LA 2008

UA 1995

S 1995

MA S 2004

ST 1995

T 1995

V 1995

V 2003

V 2008

VIE 1995

AT 1995

male female area Salzburg: City of Salzburg, Flachgau and Tennengau Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy or the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government HERRY 2011

1Metropolitan

Figure Büro Herry

56: Out-of-house share by federal states and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008,Seite 1 Abb 51_2011 metropolitan area Salzburg 2004

Out-of-house shares by age groups Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40%

98% 88%

87%

93%

94%

96% 87%

91% 76%

82%

87%

93%

30% 20% 10% 0% 6 bis 17 years

18 bis 34 years

35 bis 49 years

50 bis 64 years

Lower Austria

65 years and older

Total

Vorarlberg

Source: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government. HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government.

HERRY 2011

Figure 57: Out-of-house shares by age groups Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008


Seite 93

6.3

Trips per person or per mobile person Abb 55 (engl)

Trips per person and mobile person by federal states 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, Upper Austria 2001, Carinthia 2009 and metropolitan area1 Salzburg 2004 (normal passenger transport on workdays)

4,5 4,0 3,6

3,5

3,5

3,6

3,4 3,0

2,9

3,0 Number of trips

3,6

3,3 2,9

2,8

2,7

3,9

3,8 3,5 3,1

3,5 3,1

3,0 2,8

3,7

3,7

3,7 3,4

3,3

3,2

3,0

2,9

3,7

3,6

3,6 3,2

3,0

2,5

2,5 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 B 1995

1Metropolitan

C 1995

C 2009

LA 1995

LA 2003

LA 2008

UA 1995

UA 2001

S 1995

Trips per person

area Salzburg: City of Salzburg, Flachgau and Tennengau

MA S 2004

ST 1995

T 1995

V 1995

V 2003

V 2008

VIE 1995

AT 1995

Trips per mobile person

Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; Forum for security and mobility, Mobility behaviour in Carinthia, Mobility Survey 2009. On behalf of the Carinthian government; departement of the Upper Austrian government, Upper Austrian Traffic Survey 2001; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy and the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government HERRY 2011

Figure Büro Herry58:

Trips per person and mobile person by federal states 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, Abb 53_2011 Seite 1 Upper Austria 2001, Carinthia 2009 and metropolitan area Salzburg 2004 Abb 56 (engl)

Trips per mobile person by age groups and sex in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays)

4,0

3,5

3,0

Number of trips

2,5

2,0 3,4 3,1

1,5

3,6

3,6

3,8

3,3

3,7 3,3

3,5

3,7 3,4

3,1

3,5 3,2

3,6 3,3

1,0

0,5

0,0 6 bis 17 years

18 bis 34 years

35 bis 49 years

50 bis 64 years Lower Austria

65 years and older Vorarlberg

female

Source: Herry Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government. Herry Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2008. On behalf of the Voarlberg government

Büro Herry

Seite 94

male

Total

HERRY 2011

Figure 59: Trips per mobile person by age Abb groups and sex in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008 54_2011


Seite 1

6.4

Mean trip length Abb 58 (engl)

Mean trip length in [km] by federal states and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area1 Salzburg 2004 (normal passenger transport on workdays)

20 17,3

18 16

16,1

17,5

15,4 13,8

14

12,2

12,1

Kilometre

12 10

8,6

13,0

8,5

8,1

8

12,8

12,6

11,8

8,1

7,6

6,8

6,5

7,7

7,9 7,1

5,9

6

12,0

11,5

11,0 8,9

8,4

7,6

11,3

5,6

4 2 0 B 1995 1Metropolitan

C 1995

LA 1995

LA 2003

LA 2008

UA 1995

S 1995

MA S 2004

ST 1995

male


T 1995

V 1995

V 2003

V 2008

VIE 1995

Austria 1995

female

Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy and the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government HERRY 2011

Figure Büro Herry

60: Mean trip length in [km] by federal statesAbb and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, 55_2011 Seite 1 metropolitan area Salzburg 2004

Distribution of workday trip length of car trips in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent] 30%

25%

20%

15% 26% 22%

10%

19% 14%

18%

17% 18%

13%

18% 12%

5% 6% 2%

6%

6%

2%

2%

0% bis 0,5 km

> 0,5 - 1 km

> 1 - 2,5 km

> 2,5 - 5 km

Lower Austria

> 5 - 10 km

> 10 - 20 km

> 20 - 50 km

> 50 km

Vorarlberg

Source: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government

HERRY 2011

Figure 61: Distribution of workday trip length of car trips in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008


Seite 95

Mean workday trip length by means of transport and main regions in Lower Austria 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [km] 35,0

33,7 32,4

32,4 31,0

31,9

29,2

30,0

25,0

19,7

20,0

18,3

17,3

14,2

15,0

17,6 15,9

14,9

13,9

15,9 14,8

14,7

15,8 15,8

14,7

16,7 15,7

14,8

14,7

10,0

5,0

3,0

2,9

2,8 1,4

1,3

2,8

1,2 1,7

1,3

2,6 1,3

1,3

Zentralraum

Mostviertel

Pedestrian

Waldviertel

Bicycle

Weinviertel

MIT-driver

MIT-passenger

Industrieviertel

Lower Austria

Public transport

Total

Source: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government

HERRY 2011

Figure 62: Mean workday trip length by means of transport and main regions in Lower Austria 2008

Cumulative frequency of workday trip distances by means of transport in Lower Austria 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10%

8%: Every 12th car trip is finished after 1 km

0%

0

bis 0,5 km

bis 1 km

Pedestrian

bis 2,5 km

Bicycle

bis 5 km

MIT-driver

bis 10 km

bis 20 km

MIT-passenger

Source: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government

bis 50 km

> 50 km

Public transport HERRY 2011

Figure 63: Cumulative frequency of workday trip distances by means of transport in Lower Austria 2008

Seite 96


6.5

Mean trip duration

Abb 63 (engl)

Average trip duration per person in [minutes] by federal states and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area1 Salzburg 2004 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [minutes] 35

30

29

27

27

24

25

Minutes

22 20

27

27

26

23

21

20

27 25

24 22

21

19

24

24

23 21

20

22

21

21 18

19

26 21

20

15

10

5

0 B 1995 1Metropolitan

C 1995

LA 1995

LA 2003

LA 2008

UA 1995

S 1995


MA S 2004

male

ST 1995

T 1995

V 1995

V 2003

V 2008

VIE 1995

female

Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy or the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government

Figure Büro Herry

Austria 1995

HERRY 2011

64: Average trip duration per person in [minutes] Abb 59_2011by federal states and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004

Seite 1

Average trip duration in [minutes] by means of transport in Lower Austria und Vorarlberg 2003 und 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays) 100% 90% 80%

51

34

39

23

21

19

19

55

70% 60% 50%

24

23

40%

23

21

30% 20% 10%

14

15

15

13

19

18

15

Lower Austria 2003

Lower Austria 2008

Vorarlberg 2003

20

0%

Pedestrian

Bicycle

MIT-driver

MIT-passenger

Vorarlberg 2008 Public transport

Source: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government

HERRY 2011

Figure 65: Average trip duration in [minutes] by means of transport in Lower Austria und Vorarlberg 2003 und 2008


Seite 97

6.6

Trips in the course of the day

Abb 61 (engl)

Chronological sequence of workday trip starting times per day by trip purpose in Lower Austria 2003 in [percent] 12%

10%

8%

6%

4%

2%

0% 0

1

2

3

4

Work

5

6

7

Business

8

9

10

Education

11

12

13

14

15

Pick up or drop off other people

16

17

18

19

Personal business

20

21

22

Shopping

23

24

Leisure

Note: presentation of the cumulated special curves - space below the line "leisure" is 100% Source: Amt der NÖ Landesregierung, Mobilität in NÖ - Ergebnisse der landesweiten Mobilitätsbefragung 2003

HERRY 2011

Figure 66: Chronological sequence of workday Page 1trip starting times per day by trip purpose in Lower Austria 2003 Abb 67 (2)(engl)

Chronological sequence of workday trip starting times per day by trip purpose in Lower Austria 2008 in [percent] 12%

10%

8%

6%

4%

2%

0% 0

1

2 Work

3

4

5

Business

6

7 Education

8

9

10

11

12

13


14

15

16

17

Personal business

18

19

20

Shopping

21

22

23

Leisure

Note: presentation of the cumulated special curves - space below the line "leisure" is 100% Source: Amt der NÖ Landesregierung, Mobilität in NÖ - Ergebnisse der landesweiten Mobilitätsbefragung 2008

Figure 67: Chronological sequence of workday Page 1trip starting times per day by trip purpose in Lower Austria 2008

Seite 98


HERRY 2011

6.7

Frequency of using means of transport Abb 63 (engl)

Choice of "walking" (at least 250 metre) for daily trips by federal states 2007 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent]

100% 90% 80% 70%

8%

8%

8%

7%

6%

7%

21%

20%

56%

B

11% 7% 6%

7%

6%

7%

5% 4%

7%

9% 6% 6%

6%

5%

5%

7%

6%

2% 7% 9%

8%

19%

19%

24%

58%

56%

55%

C

LA

UA

21%

17%

23% 27%

60% 50% 40% 30%

66%

58%

59%

66% 52%

20% 10% 0% Daily

Several times a week

S

ST

Several times a month

T

V

Infrequently

VIE Never

Note: Only persons over 15 years Source: Statistik Austria, MC 4th Quarter 2007

HERRY 2011

Figure 68: Choice of “walking“ (at least 250 metre) for daily trips by federal states 2007 Abb 63_2011

Büro Herry

Seite 1

Abb 64 (engl)

Choice of "bicycle" for daily trips by federal states 2007 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent]

100% 90% 80%

37%

36%

41%

38%

34% 43%

38%

30%

57%

70% 60% 50%

22%

24% 22%

21%

17% 18%

14%

40%

14% 30% 20%

18%

18%

15%

14%

16%

14%

17%

18%

10%

9%

8%

9%

7%

B

C

LA

UA

0%

Daily


20%

22% 13%

15% 13% S

9%

12%

14%

ST

T

V


Infrequently


Büro Herry

17%

14% 21%

19%

15% 14%

10% 3% VIE Never HERRY 2011

Figure 69: Choice of “bicycle“ daily trips by federal states 2007 Abb for 64_2011


Seite 1

Seite 99

Abb 65 (engl)

Choice of "public transport" (bus, railway, tramway, subway) for daily trips by federal states 2007 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent]

100%

9% 90%

14%

80% 70%

43% 57%

56%

55%

52%

47%

45%

43% 12%

60%

23%

50%

27%

40% 30% 20% 10%

21%

7% 7%

25%

6%

26%

29%

9%

8%

7%

8%

21%

6%

5%

7%

9%

9%

9%

10%

9%

11%

10%

11%

12%

12%

11%

LA

UA

S

ST

T

V

6%

9%

7%

B

C

0%

25%

24%

Daily



Infrequently

42%

VIE Never


HERRY 2011

Figure 70: Choice of “public transport“ Abb 65_2011 (bus, railway, tramway, subway) for daily trips by federal states 2007

Büro Herry

Seite 1

Abb 52 (engl)

Choice of "car" (driver, passenger) for daily trips by federal states 2007 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent]

100% 90%

2% 6% 9%

80%

4% 7%

5%

4%

6%

8%

11%

11%

11%

6% 8% 12%

8%

7%

7%

9%

13%

14%

4% 10%

17%

15%

16%

70%

34% 60%

31%

31%

35%

35%

31%

50%

31%

19%

31%

40%

29%

30% 20%

48%

48%

47%

43%

39%

41%

39%

41%

10%

20%

0% B

C Daily

LA

UA


S

ST


T Infrequently

V

VIE Never


Büro Herry

Seite 100

HERRY 2011

Figure 71: Choice of “car“ (driver, passenger) Abb 66_2011 for daily trips by federal states 2007


Seite 1

6.8

Modal-Split Modal split by federal states 1995, Carinthia 2009, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area 1 Salzburg 2004, Vienna 2001, 2003 and 2009 ², Upper Austria 2001 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent]

B [1995] C [1995] C [2009] LA [1995] LA [2003] LA [2008] UA [1995] UA [2001] S [1995] MA S [2004] 1 ST [1995] T [1995] V [1995] V [2003] V [2008] W [1995] VIE [2001] ² VIE [2003] ² VIE [2009] ² AT [1995] 1

Walk

Bicycle

MIT-driver

MIT-passenger

Public transport

Total

28% 24% 16% 23% 18% 16% 27% 17% 25%

5% 6% 6% 6% 7% 7% 6% 7% 8%

44% 46% 52% 46% 51% 53% 44% 51% 39%

11% 13% 11% 12% 11% 11% 13% 11% 10%

12% 11% 15% 14% 13% 13% 11% 14% 17%

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

11%

11%

49%

11%

18%

100%

24% 31% 22% 19% 18% 33% 27% 27% 27% 27%

6% 8% 13% 14% 15% 1% 3% 3% 6% 5%

43% 39% 42% 46% 44% 26% 27% 27% 24% 40%

12% 10% 10% 10% 10% 8% 9% 9% 8% 11%

14% 13% 14% 11% 13% 32% 34% 34% 35% 17%

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Metropolitan area Salzburg: City of Salzburg, Flachgau and Tennengau

HERRY 2011

² Modal split of the Vienna population at all days Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; Forum for security and mobility, Mobility behaviour in Carinthia, Mobility Survey 2009. On behalf of the Carinthian government; Office of the Upper Austrian government, Traffic Survey Upper Austria 2001 HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy or the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government; City of Vienna, Master plan traffic 2003, in: Workshop reports, Nr. 58, Vienna 2003; Socialdata

Table 67: Modal split by federal states 1995, Carinthia 2009, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004, Vienna 2001, 2003 and 2009, Upper Austria 2001


Seite 101

Modal split by federal states 1995, Carinthia 20091, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area² Salzburg 2004, Vienna 2001, 2004, 2006³ and Upper Austria 2001 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

1995

1995

B

2009

1995

C

2003

2008

1995

LA

2001

1995

UA

keine schriftlich/postalische Haushaltsbefragung nach dem Kontiv-Design Metropolitan area Salzburg: City of Salzburg, Flachgau and Tennengau ³ Modal split of the Vienna population at all days 1

MA S 2004

1995

ST

T

S

Walk

2

1995

Bicycle

MIT-driver

1195

2003

2008

1995

2001

V

MIT-passenger

2004

2006

VIE

1995 AT

Public transport

Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg provincial government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; Forum for security and mobility, Mobility behaviour in Carinthia, Mobility Survey 2009. On behalf of the Carinthian provincial government; Office of the Upper Austrian provinvial government, Traffic Survey Upper Austria 2001; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy or the Lower Austrian provincial government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg provincial government; City of Vienna, Master Plan Traffic 2003, in: Workshop reports, Nr. 58, Vienna 2003; Socialdata HERRY 2011

Figure 72: Modal split by federal states 1995, Carinthia 2009, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004, Vienna 2003, 2009 and Upper Austria 2001

Share of trips by means of transport and sex in Austria 1995 and Lower Austria 1995, 2003 and 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent]

70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Walk

Bicycle

MIT-d

MIT-p

Pt

Walk

Lower Austria 1995

Bicycle

MIT-d

MIT-p

Pt

Walk

Lower Austria 2003

Bicycle

MIT-d

MIT-p

Pt

Walk

Bicycle

Lower Austria 2008

MIT-d

MIT-p

Pt

Austria 1995

male

17%

4%

57%

8%

14%

15%

7%

57%

8%

13%

13%

6%

59%

8%

13%

21%

5%

51%

8%

16%

female

28%

7%

35%

16%

14%

21%

7%

44%

15%

13%

19%

8%

47%

15%

12%

33%

6%

29%

14%

18%

Total

23%

6%

46%

12%

14%

18%

7%

50%

11%

13%

16%

7%

53%

11%

13%

27%

5%

40%

11%

17%

MIT-d ... MIT-driver; MIT-p ... MIT-passenger, Pt ... Public transport Source: HERRY/SAMMER, BMWV - Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995 Departement of the Lower Austrian government, HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy or the Lower Austrian government HERRY 2011

Figure 73: Share of trips by means of transport and sex in Austria 1995 and Lower Austria 1995, 2003 and 2008

Seite 102


Modal split by employment in Austria 1995, Lower Austria 2008 and the City of Salzburg 2004 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent] Full-time working

Part-time working

Working in household

Pupil/ student

Pensioner

Other non employed

Total

Austria 1995 Walk Bicycle MIT-driver MIT-passenger Public transport Sum

14%

23%

40%

35%

44%

36%

4%

8%

8%

7%

6%

4%

5%

61%

50%

28%

5%

26%

36%

40% 11%

27%

7%

8%

17%

17%

10%

14%

13%

12%

7%

36%

15%

10%

17%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

8%

14%

24%

18%

25%

25%

16%

6%

9%

7%

7%

8%

9%

7%

71%

65%

50%

12%

49%

50%

53% 11%

Lower Austria 2008 Walk Bicycle MIT-driver MIT-passenger Public transport Sum

5%

7%

16%

24%

14%

7%

10%

4%

2%

39%

5%

8%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

Walk Bicycle MIT-driver MIT-passenger Public transport Sum

17% 16% 52% 6% 11% 100%

19% 23% 37% 7% 13% 100%

31% 13% 32% 10% 15% 100%

29% 15% 33% 9% 14% 100%

22% 16% 37% 8%

13%

City of Salzburg 2004 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

24% 17% 10% 14% 35% 100%

16% 100% HERRY 2011

Note: Rounding differences may occur

Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government

Table 68: Modal split by employment in Austria 1995, Lower Austria 2008 and the City of Salzburg 2004 Abb 69 (engl)

Development of modal split of the city of Graz 1982 - 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent]

100% 90% 80%

18,1%

17,6%

17,9%

18,2%

19,3%

19,9%

8,8%

8,2%

8,7%

8,7%

9,1%

9,5%

33,8%

37,2%

37,3%

37,5%

38,2%

35,7%

11,7%

12,5%

14,2%

14,1%

16,1%

23,6%

21,3%

19,3%

18,8%

2004

2008

70% 60% 50% 40% 8,3% 30% 20% 31,0% 10%

25,3%

0% 1982

1988

Walk

1991

Bicycle

MIT-driver

1998

MIT-passenger

Public transport

Source: City of Graz, Mobility behaviour of the Graz population 2008, http://www.graz.at/cms/beitrag/10029462/415662, January 2011

Büro Herry

Figure 74: Development of modal split of the city of Graz 1982 - 2008 Abb 69_2011


HERRY 2011

Seite 1

Seite 103

6.9

Trip purpose Shares of trips by trip purpose and modal split in Lower Austria 2008 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent] 100%

2% 14%

90% 80%

1%

2%

2%

26%

26%

5%

22%

11% 25%

6%

36%

39% 25%

70% 60%

37%

17%

50%

27%

40%

69%

67% 17%

5%

30%

2%

20% 10% 0%

36% 26% 1% 5% Work

41%

39%

71%

9%

24%

30%

5%

26%

5% 1%

Business

Walk

Education


Bicycle

MIT-driver

Personal business

MIT-passenger

Shopping

Leisure

Total

Public transport

Source: HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian government.

Figure 75: Shares of trips by trip purpose and modal split in Lower Austria 2008

Figure 76: Workaday/Sunday traffic volume of the Lower Austrian population by trip purpose 2008

Seite 104


HERRY 2011

6.10 Daily trip length and duration Abb 74 (engl)

Average daily trip length per person in [km] by federal states and sex in Austria 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003, metropolitan area1 Salzburg 2004 (normal passenger transport on workdays) 60 50,3

50 45,6 40,2

40

39,9 34,0

Kilometre

50,1

46,6

37,8

37,2

35,4

35,3

35,4

34,4

37,0

37,0

31,6 30

26,5 22,7

24,1

21,2

21,0

20,7

20,5

20

26,9

25,1 25,5 20,6

19,4

18,7

17,4

10

0 B 1995 1Metropolitan

C 1995

LA 1995

LA 2003

LA 2008

UA 1995

S 1995

MA S 2004

ST 1995

male


T 1995

V 1995

V 2003

V 2008

VIE 1995

AT 1995

female

Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy or the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government HERRY 2011

Figure Büro Herry

77: Average daily trip length per person in Abb [km] by federal states and sex in Austria 1995, Lower AustriaSeite 1 72_2011 and Vorarlberg 2003, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004 Abb 76 (engl)

90

Average daily trip duration per person in [minutes] by federal states and sex in Austria 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area1 Salzburg 2004 (normal passenger transport on workdays) 77

73

69

70 60 53 minutes

87

85

83

80

80

57

77

74

71

66

58

73

73

59

UA 1995

S 1995

59

57

65

62

79

71

67

66 59

76

73

62

58

50 40 30 20 10 0

B 1995 1Metropolitan

C 1995

LA 1995

LA 2003

LA 2008


MA S 2004 male

ST 1995

T 1995

V 1995

V 2003

V 2008

VIE 1995

AT 1995

female

Source: Herry/Sammer, Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995. On behalf of the BMWV; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy or the Lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg provincial government HERRY 2011

Figure Büro Herry 78:

Average daily trip duration per person in [minutes] Abb 73_2011by federal states and sex in Autria 1995, Lower Austria Seite 1 and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004


Seite 105

6.11 Trip chains The 10 most frequent models of daily trip chains in Vienna, in the surrounding area of Vienna 1995, in the city of Salzburg 2004 and in Carinthia 2009 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent] Vienna 1995 Path chain Shares in % H-W-H H-E-H H-S-H H-L-H H-W-H-L-H H-E-H-L-H H-W-S-H H-S-H-L-H H-W-L-H H-S-H-S-H Sum

18,9% 9,5% 8,1% 4,0% 3,0% 2,6% 2,6% 1,8% 1,6% 1,3% 53,4%

Surrounding area of Vienna 1995 Path chain Shares in % H-W-H H-E-H H-S-H H-L-H H-E-H-L-H H-W-H-L-H H-S-H-L-H H-W-H-S-H H-S-S-H H-W-H-W-H Sum

20,6% 13,5% 11,5% 4,5% 3,1% 2,7% 2,5% 2,2% 1,9% 1,6% 64,1%

City of Salzburg 2004 Path chain Shares in % H-W-H H-E-H H-S-H H-L-H H-E-H-L-H H-W-H-L-H H-S-H-L-H H-W-H-S-H H-W-S-H H-L Sum

16,2% 8,2% 7,8% 2,8% 2,0% 1,7% 1,8% 1,6% 1,2% 1,1% 44,4%

Carinthia 2009 Path chain Shares in % H-W-H H-E-H H-E-H-L-H H-S-H H-L-H H-W-S-H H-W-H-S-H H-W-H-L-H H-O-H H-W-H-W-H Sum

19,9% 10,4% 4,5% 3,1% 3,0% 2,8% 2,8% 2,8% 1,3% 1,0% 51,6% HERRY 2011

H... Home; W... Work; E ... School/Education; S ... Shopping/Personal Business; L ... Leisure/Visits; O...Other

Source: HERRY, City of Vienna MA18, Data basis: BMWV - Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein; Forum for security and mobility, Mobility behaviour in Carinthia, Mobility Survey 2009. On behalf of the Carinthian government.

Table 69: The 10 most frequent models of daily trip chains in Vienna, in the surrounding area of Vienna 1995, in the city of Salzburg 2004 and in Carinthia 2009

The 10 most frequent models of from home to home trip chains in Vienna 1995, in the surrounding area of Vienna 1995, Lower Austria 2003 and the in the city of Salzburg 2004 (normal passenger transport on workdays) in [percent] Vienna 1995 Path chain Shares in % H-S-H H-W-H H-L-H H-E-H H-S-S-H H-W-S-H H-O-H H-W-L-H H-S-L-H H-L-L-H Sum

21,2% 19,6% 15,9% 12,2% 3,3% 2,2% 1,9% 1,3% 1,2% 1,1% 79,9%

Surrounding area of Vienna 1995 Path chain Shares in % H-W-H H-S-H H-L-H H-E-H H-S-S-H H-O-H H-W-W-H H-W-S-H H-S-L-H H-W-W-W-H Sum

25,5% 21,5% 15,1% 14,7% 3,0% 2,9% 1,4% 1,1% 1,0% 0,8% 87,1%

Lower Austria 2003 Path chain Shares in % H-W-H H-L-H H-S-H H-E-H H-PB1-H H-PuDo³-H H-H H-B²-H H-L H-W-S-H Sum

18,6% 11,4% 11,0% 10,0% 6,0% 4,0% 2,6% 2,4% 1,9% 1,1% 69,0%

H... Home; W... Work; E ... School/Education; S ... Shopping/Personal Business; L ... Leisure/Visits; O...Other 1

City of Salzburg 2004 Path chain Shares in % H-W-H H-S-H H-L-H H-E-H H-PB1-H H-L H-PuDo³-H H-B²-H H-S-L-H H-W-S-H Sum

18,7% 13,1% 12,6% 9,4% 6,0% 3,5% 3,2% 1,4% 1,1% 1,1% 70,1% HERRY 2011

PB ... Personal Business; ² D ... Business; ³ PuDo ... Pick up or drop off other people

Source: HERRY, City of Vienna MA18, Data basis: BMWV - Plan for Federal Traffic Roads 1995; HERRY Consult, Mobility Survey 2003 in Lower Austria. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy and lower Austrian government; HERRY Consult, Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding.On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein.

Table 70: The 10 most frequent models of from home to home trip chains in Vienna 1995, in the surrounding area of Vienna 1995, Lower Austria 2003 and the in the city of Salzburg 2004

Seite 106


6.12 Bicycle Traffic Bicycle-transport performance by federal states in Austria 2010 in [1.000 km] 295.868

300.000

250.000

234.266

200.000

178.376 163.130 147.178

150.000

133.599

94.845

100.000

71.592 50.000

37.199

-

B

C

LA

UA

S

ST

T

V

VIE

Source: BMVIT, Radverkehr in Zahlen, Wien 2010

HERRY 2011

Figure 79: Bicycle-transport performance by federal states in Austria 2010

Annual kilometres per bicycle by federal states in Austria 2010 in [km] 491

500

400

300

252

247

200

196

211

205

226 188 178

100

-

B

C

LA

UA

S

ST

T

V

Quelle: BMVIT, Radverkehr in Zahlen, Wien 2010

VIE HERRY 2011

Figure 80: Annual kilometres per bicycle by federal states in Austria 2010


Seite 107

Bicycle counting stations in Vienna, Graz and Salzburg 2009 in [counted cyclists per month] 140.000 129.536

125.026 120.484

120.000

118.260 114.500

111.270

110.213

103.800

98.700

100.000

80.000

60.000

53.777 44.000

40.000

33.454

20.000

-

Salzburg, Rudolfskai

Vienna, Opernring April

Source: BMVIT, Radverkehr in Zahlen, Wien 2010

Juni

September

Graz, Keplerbrücke December

HERRY 2011

Figure 81: Bicycle counting stations in Vienna, Graz and Salzburg 2009

6.13 Commuters 6.13.1 Commuters in Austria

Commuters by commuter categories and federal states in Austria 1971 - 2001 in [1.000] Commuters of municipalities Within-municipality-commuters 1971 Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna 1 Austria total 1

1981

1991

Out-commuters 2001

1971

1981

1991

In-commuters 2001

1971

1981

2001

27,1

45,6

23,9

24,3

47,1

43,2

73,6

87,5

21,6

15,6

42,8

55,9

83,7

121,4

95,7

94,7

68,6

57,2

102,0

120,7

62,5

43,5

89,0

110,3

184,8

284,1

167,2

165,9

224,5

208,8

386,7

469,2

172,1

118,4

282,9

363,7

208,8

298,9

203,9

198,0

159,4

152,7

303,3

370,1

156,2

136,9

285,7

358,2

82,4

115,6

96,0

99,7

42,0

43,4

92,4

119,6

46,4

48,1

100,5

128,2

208,9

290,8

176,2

172,8

135,4

108,8

244,7

297,4

128,5

87,4

221,9

280,3

94,3

146,2

102,2

108,7

62,6

51,7

134,8

172,3

63,7

47,7

128,2

167,0

52,2

89,8

56,7

54,2

38,9

26,9

80,6

97,4

35,6

16,4

64,9

85,3

630,1

-

603,0

591,0

24,6

-

48,1

87,1

103,3

-

188,0

214,6

1.572,3

-

1.525,0

1.509,3

803,1

-

1.466,1

1.821,2

789,9

-

1.403,9

Vienna is counted as a single community; the commuters between the districts of Vienna are considered to be within-community-commuters

Note: Wien Pendlerstatistik 1971, the data are not compatible with the other mentioned years! Source: Statistik Austria, Volkszählung 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001 - Berufspendler

Table 71: Commuters by commuter categories and federal states in Austria 1971 - 2001

Seite 108

1991


1.763,5 HERRY 2011

Commuter indices by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2001 Commuters of municipalities Index of commuter mobility 3 1981 1991

Index of commuter balance 2 Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna 1 Austria total

1971

1981

1991

2001

76,9 97,0 90,9 99,4 102,6 98,5 100,5 97,0

76,1 93,7 85,6 97,2 102,4 95,8 98,4 92,4

73,4 94,4 84,3 97,1 103,6 95,5 97,6 90,0

74,2 95,6 84,9 98,1 103,6 96,7 98,3 92,6

1971 62,2 66,2 68,8 62,5 53,3 56,0 61,2 66,8

50,8 46,3 52,0 50,9 45,6 38,9 40,2 31,2

2001

111,1

118,4

119,9

118,0

118,1

162,7

169,0

173,0

99,6

98,4

98,2

98,4

52,2

70,3

110,2

124,5

100,8 83,4 101,4 98,2 86,0 93,0 94,4 93,1

117,3 98,4 118,9 116,6 102,3 111,2 110,3 112,2

HERRY 2006

1

Vienna is counted as a single community; the commuters between the districts of Vienna are considered to be withincommunity-commuters Note: Wien Pendlerstatistik 1971, the data are not compatible with the other mentioned years! ² Value under 100: there are fewer jobs than employed people living there (out-commuter community) ³ Value over 100: there are more jobs than resident workers there (in-commuters community) Source: Statistik Austria, Volkszählung 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001 - Berufspendler

Table 72: Commuter indices by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2001

Commuters by commuter categories and federal states in Austria 2001 Commuters of municipalities 1.000.000 900.000 800.000 700.000 600.000 500.000 400.000 300.000 200.000 100.000 0

1

B

C

LA

UA

S

ST

T

V

VIE 214.625

In-commuters

55.910

110.292

363.671

358.159

128.231

280.312

166.964

85.287

Out-commuters

87.471

120.710

469.210

370.070

119.572

297.351

172.284

97.385

87.128

Within-municipality-commuters

24.346

94.658

165.897

197.983

99.660

172.848

108.710

54.211

590.983

Note: Vienna will considered as a single community. Source: Statistik Austria, Statistisches Jahrbuch Österreichs 2011

HERRY 2011

Figure 82: Commuters by commuter categories and federal states in Austria 2001


Seite 109

Map 17: Out-commuters in the rush-hour traffic by municipalities 2001

Map 18: In-commuters in the rush-hour traffic by municipalities 2001

Seite 110


6.13.1.1 Commuters by used means of transport 1 Commuters in the rush-hour traffic by used means of transport 2001

Commuters incl. within-municipality-commuters Sum Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna 2 Austria total

110.957 213.724 672.175 596.508 228.973 484.102 290.488 158.123

TOTAL

MIT-driver

MIT MIT-passenger

Motorbike

TOTAL

Public transport

Other

15,1% 17,0% 15,5% 16,0% 19,4% 17,6% 20,3% 15,7%

2,7% 4,2% 3,7% 3,9% 7,2% 5,4% 6,1% 8,8%

17,8% 21,2% 19,2% 19,9% 26,6% 23,0% 26,4% 24,5%

64,7% 65,5% 61,0% 63,1% 53,9% 60,4% 51,8% 56,8%

4,7% 4,8% 3,5% 4,4% 4,8% 3,8% 5,8% 4,9%

1,0% 1,4% 1,6% 1,8% 1,2% 1,9% 1,4% 1,6%

70,5% 71,7% 66,1% 69,2% 59,9% 66,1% 59,0% 63,3%

11,0% 6,5% 14,1% 10,1% 12,8% 10,3% 14,0% 11,8%

0,8% 0,6% 0,6% 0,8% 0,7% 0,7% 0,7% 0,4%

678.127

10,7%

1,7%

12,4%

39,1%

2,0%

1,0%

42,0%

44,8%

0,7%

3.433.177

15,7%

4,3%

20,0%

55,9%

3,9%

1,5%

61,2%

18,2%

0,7%

Walk

nMIT Bicycle

Commuters excl. within-community-commuters MIT TOTAL MIT-driver MIT-passenger Motorbike

TOTAL

Public transport

Other

0,0% 0,1% 0,1% 0,2% 0,2% 0,2% 0,6% 0,5%

0,3% 0,5% 0,8% 1,2% 2,1% 1,5% 2,0% 3,9%

0,4% 0,6% 0,9% 1,3% 2,4% 1,7% 2,6% 4,4%

83,0% 89,2% 78,1% 86,6% 81,7% 87,1% 77,9% 79,7%

15,6% 9,3% 20,3% 11,0% 15,0% 10,3% 18,6% 15,3%

1,0% 0,9% 0,7% 1,1% 0,9% 0,9% 0,9% 0,5%

Sum Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna 2 Austria total

Walk

nMIT Bicycle

86.611 119.066 506.278 398.525 129.313 311.254 181.778 103.912

76,7% 82,5% 72,7% 79,5% 74,0% 80,2% 69,0% 72,2%

5,6% 5,7% 4,0% 5,3% 6,6% 4,9% 7,6% 6,0%

0,8% 1,0% 1,3% 1,7% 1,1% 2,0% 1,3% 1,5%

551.544

0,1%

1,5%

1,6%

42,8%

2,1%

1,1%

46,0%

51,6%

0,8%

2.388.281

0,2%

1,4%

1,6%

67,7%

4,5%

1,4%

73,6%

24,0%

0,8%

1

Mainly (furthest distance) used means of transport (furthest distance)

2

Vienna: district-commuters

HERRY 2011

Quelle: Statistik Austria, Volkszählung 2001 - Berufspendler; own calculations

Table 73: Commuters in the rush-hour traffic by used means of transport 2001

6.13.1.2 Expenditure of time of commuters

Expenditure of time of commuter for the way to work 2001 in [Prozent] 100% 90% 80%

1% 11%

8%

7%

30%

1% 3% 4%

9%

8%

8%

17%

9%

1% 3% 4%

2% 3% 6%

7%

31%

1%

1%

6%

5%

11%

29%

21%

29% 30%

24%

17%

17%

16%

16%

19%

17%

39%

13%

20%

16%

19%

18%

17%

16% 9%

9%

8%

9%

10%

9%

9%

10%

9%

10%

10%

9%

7%

7% 2% 5%

B

C

LA

UA

S

ST

T

V

VIE

11%

9%

15%

22%

20%

20% 10%

7% 11%

29% 28%

22%

14%

1% 4% 5%

10% 29%

50% 40%

9%

1% 3% 5%

1%

8%

70% 60%

1% 2% 4%

11%

12%

0%

Workplace is on the residential estate (no commuter)

up to 5 minutes

6 to 10 minutes

11 to 15 minutes

16 to 30 minutes

31 to 45 minutes

46 to 60 minutes

61 minutes and longer

changing workplace

Quelle: Statistik Austria, Volkszählung 2001 - Berufspendler

8% 9%

AT

HERRY 2006

Figure 83: Expenditure of time of commuter for the way to work 2001


Seite 111

6.14 Holiday and business mobility Means of transport by type of travel and trip duration of the Austrians 2009 in [percent] or in [1.000] thereof Holiday trips inlandthereof short main holidays altogether holidays at least 1 1-3 from 4 Means of transport overnight stay(s) in [%] Airplane 0,5% 0,0% 0,3% Ship 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% Train 16,1% 12,0% 14,6% Bus, coach 4,6% 4,5% 4,6% Car 77,2% 82,3% 79,0% Others 1,5% 1,2% 1,4% Sum 100,0% 100,0% 100,0% Business trips inlandthereof thereof short main holidays altogether holidays at least 1 1-3 from 4 Means of transport overnight stay(s) in [%] Airplane 2,4% 0,0% 2,0% Train 17,2% 28,0% 18,9% Bus, coach 7,9% 7,4% 7,8% Car 72,1% 64,6% 71,0% Others 0,4% 0,0% 0,3% Sum 100,0% 100,0% 100,0%

Holidaythereof trips abroadthereof short main holidays altogether holidays at least 1 1-3 from 4 overnight stay(s) in [%]

thereof Holiday trips total thereof short main holidays altogether holidays at least 1 1-3 from 4 overnight stay(s) in [%]

thereof Number of thereof holiday trips total short main holidays altogether holidays at least 1 1-3 from 4 overnight stay(s) in [1.000]

37,7%

18,9%

44,7%

18,1%

5,6%

28,7%

3.112

445

0,4%

0,4%

0,5%

0,2%

0,1%

0,3%

38

11

28

6,5%

9,3%

5,5%

10,8%

14,2%

7,8%

1.849

1.126

723

10,2%

14,7%

8,5%

7,3%

7,4%

7,1%

1.250

589

660

43,3%

39,1% 1,8%

62,0% 1,6%

70,9% 1,7%

54,5% 1,6%

10.667

1,9%

54,7% 2,0%

280

5.608 133

5.059 147

100,0%

100,0%

100,0%

100,0%

100,0%

100,0%

17.196

7.912

9.285

Business trips abroadthereof thereof short main holidays altogether holidays at least 1 1-3 from 4 overnight stay(s) in [%]

Business trips total thereof thereof short main holidays altogether holidays at least 1 1-3 from 4 overnight stay(s) in [%]

2.667

Business trips total thereof thereof short main holidays altogether holidays at least 1 1-3 from 4 overnight stay(s) in [1.000]

54,6%

48,1%

69,7%

26,9%

21,9%

44,4%

1.104

697

407

6,9%

7,6%

5,4%

13,2%

13,1%

13,6%

542

417

125

3,5%

2,9%

4,9%

5,8%

5,7%

5,8%

236

183

53

34,5%

19,7% 0,3%

53,6% 0,4%

58,7% 0,5%

36,0% 0,2%

2.198

0,5%

40,8% 0,7%

1.868 16

330 2

100,0%

100,0%

100,0%

100,0%

100,0%

100,0%

17 4.097

3.180

917 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Urlaubs- und Geschäftsreisen der Österreicher 2009, Schnellbericht 3.4, Wien 2010

Table 74: Means of transport by type of travel and trip duration of the Austrians 2008

Means of transport by the type of travel of the Austrians 2009 in [percent] Business trips total

27%

Business trips inland 2%

13%

19%

Holiday trips inland

71%

55%

18%

15%

Holiday trips abroad

0%

54%

8%

Business trips abroad

Holiday trips total

6%

11%

7%

20%

2%

1%

79%

38%

10%

7%

30%

40%

Airplane

10%

50%

Train

2%

43%

60%

Bus, coach

Car

70%

80%

Others

Figure 84: Means of transport by the type of travel of the Austrians 2009

Seite 112

1%

35%

62%

5%

Source: Statistik Austria, Urlaubs- und Geschäftsreisen der Österreicher 2009, Schnellbericht 3.4, Wien 2011

4%

7%


90%

100%

HERRY 2011

6.15 Car Sharing Car Sharing as MIT-driver by sex in Autria 2007 in [percent]

male female

Daily



Infrequently

Never

56%

21%

6%

8%

8%

58%

20%

7%

7%

Source: Statistik Austria, Umweltbedingungen und Umweltverhalten 2007, Ergebnisse des Mikrozensus, Wien 2009

8% HERRY 2011

Table 75: Car Sharing as MIT-driver by sex in Autria 2007

Car Sharing as MIT-driver by sex, age and federal states in Austria 2007 in [percent]

15 to 20 years 20 to 30 years 30 to 40 years 40 to 50 years 50 to 60 years 60 to 70 years 70 and more years

Daily



Infrequently

Never

3% 3% 3% 2% 1% 1% 0%

5% 5% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1%

2% 4% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1%

4% 6% 6% 5% 5% 4% 3%

86% 82% 86% 88% 90% 92% 95%


HERRY 2011

Table 76: Car Sharing as MIT-driver by sex, age and federal states in Austria 2007

Car Sharing as MIT-driver by federal states in Austria 2007 in [percent]

Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna

Daily



Infrequently

Never

2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 3% 1% 1%

3% 3% 2% 3% 5% 4% 3% 2% 2%

3% 3% 2% 3% 2% 2% 3% 3% 1%

4% 7% 4% 6% 5% 5% 4% 4% 4%

87% 85% 90% 87% 86% 88% 87% 89% 92%


HERRY 2011

Table 77: Car Sharing as MIT-driver by federal states in Austria 2007


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7 Transport volume, performance and loads Transportation can be measured by using different indicators. The quantity (in tons, persons, trips etc.) measures the amount of transported goods, people or vehicles, without taking the distance into account. The performance indicator couples the quantity with the distance covered. The load measures the number of vehicles or people on a particular test point. If not other mentioned, all information is given in tons or net ton-kilometres (including weights of container and truck on the Rolling Road). While passenger transportation can distinguished by travel purposes, quantity and performance of freight transportation can be attributed (assigend) to different types of goods. SA new classification system has (NST 07) introduced by 1st of January 2008. Distinctions are made between 20 product groups. With this new group classification system a comparison with the previous system (NST/R-10 or NST/R-24) is no longer possible. The fundamental difference lies in the fact that the new NST 2007 is less detailed (e.g. in the 2nd Hierarchy level) than the original NST/R 30. For the Danube shipping the NST/R-10-structure is still retained.

Transport volume in freight transport Road transport is in terms of transport volume the dominant mode of transport. This applies in particular to the inland transport, which is mainly short distance travel. In cross-border transport the dominance of road transport is however considerably weaker. In the last few years losses have been incurred for road, pipeline and inland navigation transport - in total the volume of freight transport in Austria decreased between 2005 and 2009 each year by an average of 1.7 %. While the air cargo volume experienced an annual growth of 1.6 % (on the basis of a low starting level), freight transported by inland navigation decreased by 5.6 % annually.

Freight traffic volume according to transport mode In 2009 the freight transport volume in Austria amounted to 564 million tons 31. This corresponds to almost 67 tons per capita. The most important means of transport in Austria in the year 2009 was the domestic transport volume with around 297 million tons (excl. pipelines). Bilateral transport (source and destination in Austria, receiving and sending out/in abroad) made 138 million tons (including piping). Transit freight volume accounted for 83 million tons (excl. Pipelines).

Road transport Almost 67 % of road transport freight volume is Austrian domestic transport (with source and destination in Austria). In terms of the road freight transport the most important NST 2007 commodity group is “Ores, other mining and quarrying products, peat, uranium and thorium - GT03“. In 2009, with almost 82 million tons the proportion was 20 %, with the majority (91 %) of the goods-group being domestic transport (regarding Austria). In the cross-border freight transport on the road (source, destination and transit) the commodity group “Food and Beverages - GT04“ was the largest percetage (around 10 % in the bilateral transport, 24 % in the transit traffic).

30 31

STATISTIK AUSTRIA, Statistische Nachrichten 9/2010, Wien STATISTIK AUSTRIA, Eurostat, BMVIT

Seite 114


Rail freight transport In comparison to the transport of goods by road, rail freight with its strong links with the surrounding countries is strong in shipping abroard. Around 34 % of the freight sent (14 million tons) and 45 % of the freight received (22.9 million tons) by rail in 2009 either went or came from abroad. The most important groups of freight transported in addition to the NST 2007-commodity group “unidentifiable goods - GT19” with a share of 28 % (approx. 27 million tons), are the two product groups “Ores, rocks, and other mining and quarrying products, peat, uranium and thorium - GT03” with around 12 % (11 million tons) and “products of agriculture, hunting and forestry, fish and fishery products, GT01” with a share of 11 % (10.5 million tons). Calculations of BMVIT give evidence that data from Statistics Austria show results, which exceed their values about 5 million tons, due to double counting in transports, which were handled in cooperation by several EVU‘s.

Modal-split between road and rail freight transport volume The modal-split between road and rail freight transport in 2009 was 81 % road and 19 % rail. In inland transport (regarding Austria) the rail percentage was only 9 %. With 33 % is the share of rail in transit freight volume significantly higher and in bilateral cross-border transport, the ratio between the road and rail is 68 % to 32 %. The commodity group with the highest rail-modal-split in 2009 was the NST 2007-group “coal, crude oil and natural gas - GT02” with a rail share of 77 %.

Combined mode transport The volume of combined transport rose between 2002 to 2009 from around 17 million tons (net-net-tonsweight - i.e. without weight of the cargo box) to around 23 million tons (35 % increase in total, just under 4 % per year on average). While the unaccompanied combined transport in this period increased by 66 %, the rolling road (RoLa) recorded a loss of 12 %. The unaccompanied combined transport (UCT) rose to €17.1 million tons in the year 2009 (compared to 10 million tons in 2002).

Freight traffic volume on the Danube The volume of freight transport on the Danube decreased from 2004 to 2009 in average by 4.9 %. It should be noted that 2007, with over 12 million tons, was a very strong year in terms of freight volume. However, with the onset of the global economic crisis in autumn of 2008, the demand for transport on the inland waterway fell sharply. The majority of over 53 % of the total freight transport on the Danube has its destination in Austria. The transit share in the freight transport on the Danube is approximately 27 % of the entire volume. In 2009 the most important transported goods were in the “ores and scrap metal - NST/R-4“ with 30 % and “petroleum products - NST/R-3“ with 20 %. The main harbours for shipping and receiving commodities was Linz with 889,000 tons dispatched and 3.3 million tons received, and Vienna, with 783,000 tons dispatch and 237,000 tons received.


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Air cargo volume The air cargo volume (freight and mail) using Austrian airports rose in the last years (2005 to 2009) by around 24 % (to 258,439 tons), which corresponds to an average annual increase of 4.3 %. With regard to the air cargo volume, by far the most important airport of Austria is Vienna, Schwechat, with a share of around 97 % of the total air cargo volume in Austria, 2009.

Pipeline transport volume (oil, natural gas) Between 2005 and 2009, both oil and natural gas transport via pipelines showed an average annual decline of 1.6 % (crude oil) and 2.2 % respectively (natural gas). Due to reasons of data protection since 2000 no transport volume differences which differentiate between transport modes is published.

Passenger transport performance In Austria, 2009 approximately 240 million persons were transported in 2009 with the railway (main and branch lines). Compared to 2005, that corresponds to an increase of around 8 %. The number of passengers using Austrian airports rose in the last five years by 20 %, from around 20 million in 2005 to approximately 24.5 million passengers in 2010. In the year 2009 more than one million passengers were recorded using passenger ships on the Austrian Danube. The majority of these (approximately 670,000 passengers) were carried on the regular services. 225,000 passengers were registered on the 116 cruise ships that used the Austrian Danube in the year 2009. Additionally approximately 125,000 passengers were transported by occasional services (e.g. themes, specials and charters).

Freight transport performance The performance in freight transport is a measure that next to the transported weight also takes into account the distance travelled. The weight of each consignment to be transported is multiplied by the travelled distance (unit = ton-km). In terms of the transport performance, the road is the most important mode of transport. However, in relation to import and export transports, rail achieves a similarly high transport performance as road transport.

Transport performance according to mode of transport The Austrian domestic transport performance in 2009 was around 71 billion ton-kilometres. The average distance covered in Austria by each transported ton was around 126 kilometres. However, in Austria the average distance covered per transported ton varies significantly between the individual transport modes used (e.g. road 91 km, rail 189 km, water 237 km and pipeline 243 km).

Transport performance - modal-split between road and rail The modal-split between road and rail transport performance was in 2009 around 68 % road and around 32 % rail. Due to the significantly higher average distances travelled, rail in contrast to the transport volume, achieves a higher transport performance in the difference to the volume of transport, with regard to the transport a higher share of the. In the cross-border shipping and receiving (source and destination in Austria) rail reached a share of 47 %.

Seite 116


Transport performance with combined transport modes and on the Danube In the case of combined transport on the rail, the transport performance in 2009 was almost 3.9 billion tonkilometres, and the share of the unaccompanied combined transport (UCT) was 79 % of the total transport performance of the combined transport. The transport performance on the Danube grew from 2005 to 2009 at an annual average of around 3.4 % (from about 1.8 to about 2 billion ton-km), whereas the transit transport with a total of 43 % occupies the largest share.

Freight transport performance - an EU comparison The transport performance of road freight transport in the EU-27 area recorded in the period from 2000 to 2007 a growth of 28 %, representing an average annual growth of 4 %. Due to the economic crisis (starting in 2008) a decrease of 20 % (2007 to 2009) was observed. The transport performance in rail freight transport in the EU-27 area - developed between 2000 and 2007 in a far less dynamic manner- and increased in the same period by 14 % (average annual growth of 1.9 %). From 2007 to 2008 the rail also recorded a loss of 10 billion ton-kilometres (from 453 billion to 443 billion ton-kilometres). Considering the road-rail modal-splits in terms of the transport performance then in 2008 rail took a share within the EU-15 area of 20 % and in the EU-27 area of about 24 %.

Development of the transport performance in passenger transport The development of passenger transport in Austria, is marked by a steady increase in car traffic since the late 1970‘s years. As a result, from 1970 to 2008 the passenger transport with the cars on the road increased by 120 % to something more than 72 billion passenger-kilometres. The average annual growth of the transport performance (in passenger-kilometres) was 2 %. In the development of the passenger transport on the roads one can clearly see the results of the oil price crises in 1973-74 and later at he beginning of the 1980‘s, and disproportionate growth (at the end of the 1980‘s due to low fuel prices). Due to the economic crisis (starting in 2008) and the resulting fuel price increases from 2008 to 2009 a decline in the car transport capacity by 1.4 %. In contrast to the road transport development, rail passenger transport experienced a rather low growth from 1970 to 2008. However, the transport performance of the rail passenger transport (passenger-kilometres) increased in this period by only about 68 % to about 10.8 billion passenger-kilometres in 2008.

Transport performance in passenger transport - an EU-comparison In an international comparison with the EU-27-member states in 2008 (approximately 9,500 passengerkilometres per capita and per year), the per capita transport performance in the road transport in Austria, with a little over 8,810 passenger-kilometres per capita was just under the EU-27-average. Luxembourg (approximately 13,900 passenger kilometres per capita per year), Italy and Finland (each about 12 000 passenger-kilometres per capita per year), show the highest values. The highest annual growth rates of transport performance in passenger transport was between 2004 and 2008 observed in Poland (11 %) and Latvia (approximately 10 %). However the per-capita performance in these two countries was 2008 still far below the EU-15 or EU-27-average. The annual growth rate was between 2004 and 2008 around 0.1 % in the EU-15 area and about 0.8% in the EU-27 area. The transport performance of the rail passenger transport (passenger-km) grew in the EU-27 area between 2004 and 2008 annually by 4.6 %. Among the EU-27 member states, Luxembourg (annual 8 %), Ireland and the UK (annual 5 %) showed the highest growth rates. In contrast, some states of the EU-27 have experienced significant decreases in the rail passenger services. This especially effected Lithuania (annual decline of 13 %), Romania and Hungary (annual decline of 5 %) were especially effected. The highest per capita transport performance in rail passenger transport 2008, was observed in France VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

Seite 117

with 1,352 passenger-kilometres. Also high per capita railway wise was Austria (almost 1,250 passengerkilometres) and Sweden (1,200 per passenger kilometres per capita) on.

Transport performance in the major road network From 1970 to 2007, the transport performance of all vehicles in the major road network (Basis: automatic counting systems) has increased by almost 230 %, while the traffic performance on land highways B has more than doubled and on motorways and expressways has increased by more than fourfold. Particularly striking are the high growth rates experienced from the middle to the end of 1980‘s (7 % per year throughout the network and 9 % on highways and expressways). Due to the economic crisis of 2008, there was a decrease of the transport performance of 3.1 %. In the comparison of the development of the transport performance of the overall traffic and that of the heavy goods c (from 1976 to 2007, in relation to the entire major road network) it was observed that compared to the total transport, there were significantly higher rates of growth in the truck transport since 1993 - so the number of trucks per year grew on average by 3.7 %, while the overall transport only grew at 2.3 % per year. However, in the period from 2007 to 2009, the total transport performance rose by 3 % and the truck performance by 14 %.

Traffic loading The most frequented roads in Austria are concentrated in the conurbation Vienna. The A23 motorway (southeast-tangent) constitutes the most heavily used Austrian road. At the cross-section Vienna-Handelskai an annual average daily traffic (JDTV) of approximately 180,000 vehicles per day was measured. On weekdays (mon-fri) there was an average daily load of nearly 199,000 vehicles, of which, the percentage of motor vehicles over 3.5 t GVW was 7 % (approximately 14,600 motor vehicles) and that of under 3.5 GVW was 93 % (approximately 184,700 motor vehicles). In considering an overview card of the motor car loading of the major road network, major roads in metropolitan areas (Vienna, Linz, Salzburg, Graz) must be mentioned. With regard to the truck traffic one is particularly struck by the consistently heavy strain along the west motorway (A1) and of the Brenner corridor (A12, A13).

Focus: Trans-alpine freight transport The transalpine freight transport is of central importance for Austria. In order to take account fro the high relevance of information and data concerning the transalpine freight transport a separate analysis has been included in the framework of this report. The data is taken from coordinated surveys from France, Switzerland and Austria on the transalpine freight transport, all of which are repeated every five years and the cover the whole Alpine Arc from Ventimiglia to Vienna.

Seite 118


7.1

Transport volume

7.1.1 Freight transport Changes of freight transport volume by mode of transport in Austria 2005 and 2009 in [1.000 tons] and [percent] 2005 Mode of transport

Shares by mode of transport 2009

2009

Volume in [1.000 tons]

Railway 1 Road ² Pipeline Inland navigation Aviation ³ Total

Change 2005/2009

Change 2005 - 2009 per year

91.452 434.654 66.750 11.747 195

91.164 401.293 61.840 9.322 208

16,2% 71,2% 11,0% 1,7% 0,0%

-0,3% -7,7% -7,4% -20,6% +6,7%

-0,1% -2,0% -1,9% -5,6% +1,6%

604.798

563.827

100,0%

-6,8%

-1,7% HERRY 2011

1

cleanup of double countings (BMVIT) ² With compensation of statistical under-reporting through the official statistic ³ Airports Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Klagenfurt, Linz and Salzburg Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT

Table 78: Changes of freight transport volume by mode of transport in Austria 2005 and 2009

7.1.1.1 Freight transport volume by transport type and mode

Transport volume of freight transport by type and mode of transport 2009 in [1.000 tons] and [percent] Type of freight Cross-border freight transport Mode of transport

Rail 1 Road ² Pipelines Inland navigation Aviation ³ Sum

Domestic transport

Change 2005/2009

Import/Export

Change 2005/2009

Transit

Change 2005/2009

Total

Change 2005/2009 0%

27.546

+14%

36.490

-17%

27.128

+17%

91.164

269.194

-11%

78.092

+1%

54.007

+0%

401.293 61.840

-7%

9.322

-21% +7%

n/a

n/a

13.167

n/a

n/a

n/a

329

-7%

6.527

-15%

2.466

-33%

1

-16%

189

+13%

18

-30%

208

n/a

n/a

563.827

n/a

n/a

134.465

n/a

1

Units in net tons (without weights of container and lorry on the RoLa), cleanup of double countings

2

With compensation of statistical under-reporting

-8%

-7% HERRY 2011

³ Airports Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Klagenfurt, Linz and Salzburg Source: BMVIT: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT

Table 79: Transport volume of freight transport by type and mode of transport 2009


Seite 119

Abb (engl)

Modale share1 of freight transport volume 2009 in [percent]

80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Rail

Road

Inland navigation

18,2%

80,0%

1,9%

Domestic

5,5%

53,6%

0,1%

Import/Export

7,3%

15,6%

1,3%

Transit

5,4%

10,8%

0,5%

Total

Sum over all transport modes = 100 % 1

There is no presentation of pipelines, due to missing data on domestic and transit transport. Note: Rounding differences may appear due to calculation with fractional digits. HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT; own calculations

Figure 85: Modale share of freight transport volume 2009 Abb 85_2012.xls

Seite 1

Abb (engl)

Shares of transport types by tranport modes1 of freight transport volume 2009 in [percent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Rail

Road

Inland navigation

Total

Domestic

30,2%

67,1%

3,5%

59,2%

Import/Export

40,0%

19,5%

70,0%

24,1%

Transit

29,8%

13,5%

26,5%

16,7%

1

There is no presentation of pipelines, due to missing data on domestic and transit transport. Note: Rounding differences may appear due to calculation with fractional digits.

Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT; own calculations

Figure 86: Shares of transport typesAbb by86_2012.xls tranport modes of freight transport volume 2009

Seite 120


HERRY 2011

Seite 1

Abb (engl)

Shares of transport modes1 by transport types of freight transport volume 2009 in [percent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Rail Road Inland navigation 1

Import/Export

Transit

Domestic

Total

9,3%

30,1%

32,4%

18,2%

90,6%

64,5%

64,6%

80,0%

0,1%

5,4%

2,9%

1,9%

There is no presentation of pipelines, due to missing data on domestic and transit transport. Note: Rounding differences may appear due to calculation with fractional digits.

HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT; own calculation

Abb Figure 87: Shares of transport modes by87_2012.xls transport types of freight transport volume 2009


Seite 1

Seite 121

7.1.1.2 Road freight transport volume

Road freight transport in Austria by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport 2009 in [mio tons] Lable

Group of goods

Domestic

GT01

Products of agriculture, hunting, and forestry; fish and other fishing products

GT02

Coal and lignite; crude petroleum and natural gas

GT03

Export

Cross-border Import

Transit

Total

19,0

3,1

4,6

3,0

29,6

1,0

0,0

0,2

0,1

1,3

Metal ores and other mining and quarrying products; peat; uranium and thorium

74,1

3,6

3,2

1,0

81,9

GT04

Food products, beverages and tobacco

24,2

3,8

4,0

12,9

44,9

GT05

Textiles and textile products; leather and leather products

0,9

0,5

0,5

2,0

3,9

GT06

Wood and products of wood and cork (except furniture); articles of straw and plaiting materials; pulp, paper and paper products; printed matter and recorded media

24,3

5,8

5,3

5,7

41,1

GT07

Coke and refined petroleum products

10,1

0,7

2,7

0,5

14,0

GT08

Chemicals, chemical products, and man-made fibers; rubber and plastic products ; nuclear fuel

3,6

3,1

2,9

5,0

14,7

GT09

Other non metallic mineral products

41,4

2,3

3,2

3,2

50,1

GT10

Basic metals; fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

7,3

3,3

3,4

6,7

20,6

GT11

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.; office machinery and computers; electrical machinery and apparatus n.e.c.; radio, television and communication equipment and apparatus; medical, precision and optical instruments; watches and clocks

2,5

1,3

1,3

4,0

9,2

GT12

Transport equipment

2,9

0,7

0,8

4,1

8,5

GT13

Furniture; other manufactured goods n.e.c.

8,6

1,4

1,6

1,3

13,0

GT14

Secondary raw materials; municipal wastes and other wastes

15,3

1,4

1,5

0,3

18,5

GT15

Mail, parcels

1,2

0,1

0,1

0,2

1,5

GT16

Equipment and material utilized in the transport of goods

6,2

1,1

1,0

0,9

9,1

GT17

Goods moved in the course of household and office removals; baggage and articles accompanying travellers; motor vehicles being moved for repair; other non market goods n.e.c.

6,8

0,6

0,6

0,1

8,1

GT18

Grouped goods: a mixture of types of goods which are transported together

13,1

2,5

2,2

2,0

19,9

GT19

Unidentifiable goods: goods which for any reason cannot be identified and therefore cannot be assigned to groups 01-16.

6,6

1,5

1,5

1,0

10,5

GT20

Other goods n.e.c.

0,0

0,5

0,4

0,1

1,0

269,2

37,2

40,9

54,0

Sum Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT

Table 80: Road freight transport in Austria by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport 2009

Seite 122

401,3 HERRY 2011


7.1.1.3 Rail freight transport volume

Dispatch of goods on rail by federal states in Austria 2009 in [mio tons] and [percent] To Austria From Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

inside a "federal state"

to another "federal state"

Abroad 1

Total

Total

Change total 2005/2009

Average annual change 2005/2009 +7,3%

0,0

0,4

0,4

0,2

0,7

+32,5%

0,4

1,4

1,8

1,5

3,3

-26,1%

-7,3%

3,0

4,2

7,1

2,7

9,8

+36,8%

+8,1%

2,6

3,6

6,1

4,5

10,6

-3,3%

-0,8%

0,6

0,6

1,3

0,2

1,5

+43,2%

+9,4%

2,6

2,8

5,4

2,3

7,8

-8,6%

-2,2%

0,7

0,7

1,5

0,8

2,3

+10,4%

+2,5%

0,4

0,4

0,8

0,6

1,4

+24,6%

+5,7%

0,2

2,9

3,1

1,2

4,3

-2,8%

-0,7%

10,5

17,0

27,5

14,1

41,7

+3,4%

+0,8%

1

Transit with regards to Austria (whole "Rolling Road" (RoLa) incl.) Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT

HERRY 2011

Table 81: Dispatch of goods on rail by federal states in Austria 2009

Receipt of goods on rail by federal states in Austria 2009 in [mio tons] und [percent] From Austria To Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

inside a from another "federal "federal state" state"

From abroad Total

1

Total 0,4

Change 2005/2009

Average annual change 2005/2009

+48,6%

+10,4%

0,0

0,2

0,2

0,2

0,4

1,5

1,9

1,0

2,9

-29,0%

-8,2%

3,0

3,4

6,4

4,8

11,2

+10,8%

+2,6%

2,6

3,5

6,1

8,2

14,3

-9,5%

-2,5%

0,6

0,9

1,5

0,7

2,3

+23,9%

+5,5%

2,6

3,7

6,4

4,1

10,4

-4,4%

-1,1% -0,7% +0,6%

0,7

1,2

1,9

1,0

2,9

-2,9%

0,4

0,8

1,2

0,5

1,7

+2,5%

0,2

1,7

1,9

1,9

3,8

+7,9%

+1,9%

10,5

17,0

27,5

22,4

49,9

+47,9%

+8,5%

1

Transit with regards to Austria (whole "Rolling Road" (RoLa) incl.) Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT

HERRY 2011

Table 82: Receipt of goods on rail by federal states in Austria 2009


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Rail freight transport by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport in Austria 2009 in [mio tons] und [percent] Cross-border Lable

Group of goods

Domestic

Export

Import

Transit

Total

GT01

Products of agriculture, hunting, and forestry; fish and other fishing products

4,8

0,5

3,8

1,4

10,5

GT02

Coal and lignite; crude petroleum and natural gas

0,3

0,0

4,0

0,1

4,5

GT03


6,3

1,2

3,2

0,5

11,2

GT04

Food products, beverages and tobacco

0,6

0,3

0,3

0,2

1,3

GT05

Textiles and textile products; leather and leather products

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

GT06

Wood and products of wood and cork (except furniture); articles of straw and plaiting materials; pulp, paper and paper products; printed matter and recorded media

1,6

2,7

1,4

0,6

6,3

GT07

Coke and refined petroleum products

2,4

0,7

3,5

0,4

7,1

GT08

Chemicals, chemical products, and man-made fibers; rubber and plastic products ; nuclear fuel

1,0

0,7

1,8

0,7

4,2

GT09

Other non metallic mineral products

0,7

0,2

0,4

0,3

1,7

GT10

Basic metals; fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

1,4

2,6

1,2

1,5

6,9

GT11

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.; office machinery and computers; electrical machinery and apparatus n.e.c.; radio, television and communication equipment and apparatus; medical, precision and optical instruments; watches and clocks

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,1

0,5

GT12

Transport equipment

1,7

0,5

0,5

1,8

4,5

GT13

Furniture; other manufactured goods n.e.c.

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

0,1

GT14

Secondary raw materials; municipal wastes and other wastes

2,2

1,1

1,4

0,5

5,2

GT15

Mail, parcels

0,0

-

-

-

0,0

GT16

Equipment and material utilized in the transport of goods

0,8

0,4

0,4

0,5

2,0

GT17

Goods moved in the course of household and office removals; baggage and articles accompanying travellers; motor vehicles being moved for repair; other non market goods n.e.c.

0,0

0,3

0,3

0,4

1,0

GT18

Grouped goods: a mixture of types of goods which are transported together

0,1

0,6

0,5

0,8

1,9

GT19

Unidentifiable goods: goods which for any reason cannot be identified and therefore cannot be assigned to groups 01-16.

4,5

2,6

2,6

17,3

26,9

GT20

Other goods n.e.c.

-

-

-

-

-

28,6

14,6

25,6

27,1

95,9

27,5

14,1

22,4

27,1

91,2

+1,0

+0,4

+3,2

-0,0

SUM - Statistik Austria (Rolling Road is expected to transit) SUM - calculation BMVIT (cleanup of double countings by transport, which are handled by several railway undertakings (RU) - including foreign RUs. Rolling Road is expected to transit). Difference Source: Statistik Austria; BMVIT

Table 83: Rail freight transport by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport in Austria 2009

Seite 124

+4,7 HERRY 2011


7.1.1.4 Freight transport volume – modal share of road and rail

Freight transport volume and modal-split in Austria of transport type 2009 in [tons] CZ IMPORT/ EXPORT

LEGEND

78

Road

,1

DT

Rail 50 mio. tons

36

,5

10 mio. tons

mio

. to

ns

SK

(68

%)

mio

. to

ns

(32

%)

269,2 mio. tons (91%)

54,0

27,5 mio. tons (9%)

%)

3% ns (3

7 ns (6

to mio.

to mio.

27,1

CH

DOMESTIC

TRANSIT

)

HU

IT

Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT Created by Herry Consult, Steinacher

HERRY Consult 2011

SL

Map 19: Freight transport volume and modal-split in Austria of transport type 2009

Modal-split (road/rail) of freight transport volume by group of goods (NST2007) in Austria 2009 in [Mio. Tons] 120

100

Mio. Tons

80

60

40

20

0 01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

rail

26%

77%

12%

3%

1%

13%

33%

22%

3%

25%

5%

35%

1%

22%

2%

18%

11%

9%

72%

0%

road

74%

23%

88%

97%

99%

87%

67%

78%

97%

75%

95%

65%

99%

78%

98%

82%

89%

91%

28%

100%

Note: Data from Statistik Austria without adjustment of double counting Source: Statistik Austria; own calculation

HERRY 2011

Figure 88: Modal-split (road/rail) of freight transport volume by group of goods (NST2007) in Austria 2009


Seite 125

Road/rail modal-split in freight transport volume by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport 2009 in [mio tons] Lable GT01 GT02

Group of goods Products of agriculture, hunting, and forestry; fish and other fishing products Coal and lignite; crude petroleum and natural gas

Cross-border Import/Export Transit traffic Road Rail Road Rail

Domestic traffic Road Rail 19,0

4,8

7,7

4,3

3,0

Road

1,4

Total

Rail

29,6

10,5

1,0

0,3

0,2

4,0

0,1

0,1

1,3

4,5

GT03


74,1

6,3

6,8

4,4

1,0

0,5

81,9

11,2

GT04 GT05

Food products, beverages and tobacco Textiles and textile products; leather and leather products Wood and products of wood and cork (except furniture); articles of straw and plaiting materials; pulp, paper and paper products; printed matter and recorded media Coke and refined petroleum products Chemicals, chemical products, and man-made fibers; rubber and plastic products ; nuclear fuel Other non metallic mineral products Basic metals; fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24,2

0,6

7,8

0,6

12,9

0,2

44,9

1,3

0,9

0,0

0,9

0,0

2,0

0,0

3,9

0,0

24,3

1,6

11,1

4,1

5,7

0,6

41,1

6,3

10,1

2,4

3,4

4,2

0,5

0,4

14,0

7,1

3,6

1,0

6,1

2,5

5,0

0,7

14,7

4,2

41,4

0,7

5,5

0,6

3,2

0,3

50,1

1,7

7,3

1,4

6,7

3,9

6,7

1,5

20,6

6,9

2,5

0,0

2,6

0,3

4,0

0,1

9,2

0,5

2,9

1,7

1,5

1,0

4,1

1,8

8,5

4,5

8,6

0,0

3,1

0,0

1,3

0,0

13,0

0,1

15,3

2,2

2,9

2,5

0,3

0,5

18,5

5,2

1,2

0,0

0,1

-

0,2

-

1,5

0,0

6,2

0,8

2,1

0,8

0,9

0,5

9,1

2,0

6,8

0,0

1,2

0,6

0,1

0,4

8,1

1,0

13,1

0,1

4,7

1,1

2,0

0,8

19,9

1,9

6,6

4,5

3,0

5,2

1,0

17,3

10,5

26,9

GT06 GT07 GT08 GT09 GT10 GT11 GT12 GT13 GT14 GT15 GT16 GT17 GT18 GT19 GT20

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.; office machinery and computers; electrical machinery and apparatus n.e.c.; radio, television and communication equipment and apparatus; medical, precision and optical instruments; watches and clocks Transport equipment Furniture; other manufactured goods n.e.c. Secondary raw materials; municipal wastes and other wastes Mail, parcels Equipment and material utilized in the transport of goods Goods moved in the course of household and office removals; baggage and articles accompanying travellers; motor vehicles being moved for repair; other non market goods n.e.c. Grouped goods: a mixture of types of goods which are transported together Unidentifiable goods: goods which for any reason cannot be identified and therefore cannot be assigned to groups 01-16. Other goods n.e.c. SUM - Statistik Austria (Rolling Road is expected to transit)

0,0

-

0,9

-

0,1

-

1,0

-

269,2

28,6

78,1

40,2

54,0

27,1

401,3

95,9

SUM - calculation BMVIT (cleanup of double countings by transport, which are handled by several railway undertakings (RU) - including foreign RUs. Rolling Road is expected to transit).

-

27,5

-

36,5

-

27,1

-

91,2

Difference

-

+1,1

-

+3,7

-

+0,0

-

Note: Rounding differences may appear due to calculation with fractional digits.

+4,7 HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT

Table 84: Road/rail modal-split in freight transport volume by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport 2009

Seite 126


7.1.1.5 Combined transport freight transport volume

Combined freight transport volume - development in Austria 1996 - 2009 in [mio tons1 und percent] mio tons % mio tons % mio tons

UCT Rolling Road Total 1

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

7,2 67% 3,6 33%

7,4 68% 3,6 32%

7,7 66% 3,9 34%

8,2 66% 4,3 34%

9,0 63% 5,3 37%

9,6 61% 6,3 39%

10,3 61% 6,6 39%

11,0 63% 6,6 37%

13,2 75% 4,5 25%

13,8 81% 3,3 19%

14,8 76% 4,8 24%

18,7 79% 5,1 21%

20,6 77% 6,0 23%

17,1 75% 5,8 25%

10,7

10,9

11,7

12,5

14,3

15,9

16,9

17,6

17,7

17,1

19,6

23,8

26,6

Unit in net-net tons (without weights of containers and lorries on the Rolling Road)

22,9 HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria. Validation and adaptation: BMVIT, Statistik Austria, SCG, Trafico / KOMOBILE

Table 85: Combined freight transport volume - development in Austria 1996 - 2009

Combined freight transport volume - development in Austria 1996 - 2009 in [mio tons1] 30 28 26 24 22

mio net-net tons

20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 -

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002 RoLa

1

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

UCT

Unit in net-net tons (without weights of containers and lorries on the Rolling Road)


HERRY 2011

Figure 89: Combined freight transport volume - development in Austria 1996 - 2009


Seite 127

7.1.1.6 Freight transport volume on the Danube

Development of freight transport volume on the Austrian Danube type of transport 1995 - 2009 in [1.000 tons] Domestic 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 1

Import

Cross-border Export

Total

Transit

522 539

4.600 5.290

789 812

2.879 2.661

699

5.067

780

2.658

9.204

964

5.309

923

3.040

10.236

8.790 9.303

774

5.172

1.263

2.777

9.987

1.146

5.450

1.191

3.193

10.980

1.205

5.607

1.258

3.564

11.634

561

6.312

1.555

3.889

12.317

920

5.225

1.567

3.025

10.737

191

6.072

1.635

4.079

356

6.070

1.653

4.005

1

12.084

1.137

4.813

1.441

3.454

1

10.844

972

6.264

1.547

3.323

1

12.107 11.209

11.978

502

5.731

2.166

2.810

1

329

4.945

1.581

2.466

1

9.322 HERRY 2010

Transit 2005-2009: Values highly weighted for transit.

Source: Statistik Austria

Table 86: Development of freight transport volume on the Austrian Danube type of transport 1995 - 2009

Number of lockings of watercrafts in freight transport on the Danube 2009 Up-stream Total

Aschach Ottensheim Abwinden Wallsee Persenbeug Melk Altenwörth Greifenstein Freudenau Insgesamt

including empty

Down-stream empty run percentage in [%]

Total

including empty

empty run percentage in [%]

Total

including empty

3.670

407

11,1%

3.695

1.627

44,0%

7.365

2.034

3.768

411

10,9%

3.788

1.702

44,9%

7.556

2.113

28,0%

5.256

485

9,2%

5.284

3.544

67,1%

10.540

4.029

38,2%

5.114

293

5,7%

5.133

3.723

72,5%

10.247

4.016

39,2%

5.090

303

6,0%

5.119

3.708

72,4%

10.209

4.011

39,3%

5.021

274

5,5%

5.050

3.676

72,8%

10.071

3.950

39,2%

5.394

416

7,7%

5.444

3.848

70,7%

10.838

4.264

39,3%

5.582 6.209

391 394

7,0% 6,3%

5.646 6.263

4.060 4.584

71,9% 73,2%

11.228

4.451

39,6%

12.472

4.978

39,9%

45.104

3.374

7,5%

45.422

30.472

67,1%

90.526

33.846

37,4%

Source: Statistik Austria, Binnenschifffahrtstatistik 2006, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/verkehr/binnenschifffahrt/index.html, February 2011; own calculations

Table 87: Number of lockings of watercrafts in freight transport on the Danube 2009

Seite 128

empty run percentage in [%]


27,6%

HERRY 2011

Transport volume by groups of goods (NST/R-10) and type of transport on the Austrian Danube 2009 in [1.000 tons] und [percent] Cross-border Domestic

Group of goods NSTR0 NSTR1 NSTR2 NSTR3 NSTR4 NSTR5 NSTR6 NSTR7 NSTR8 NSTR9 1

Agricultural and forestry products Foodstuffs and animal fodder Solid fuels Petroleum products Ores and metal waste Metal products Crude and manufactured minerals and building materials Fertilisers Chemical products Machinery, vehicles, other articles SUM

Import

Export

Change 2003/2009

Total

Transit

Change 2003-2009 per year

9,2

185,2

111,6

1.277,9

1.584,0

+75,9%

+9,9%

-

312,6

68,4

139,2

520,2

-67,7%

-17,2%

-

352,5

-

21,0

373,4

+443,6%

+32,6%

270,3

962,4

455,8

220,4

1.908,9

-4,9%

-0,8%

2.734,1

15,7

1,9

2.751,8

+5,0%

+0,8%

157,6

279,5

281,8

759,5

-29,6%

-5,7%

112,0

155,3

53,8

321,1

-70,2%

-18,3% -5,2%

40,6 8,9

92,8

472,7

187,7

762,0

-27,4%

-

19,9

-

23,7

43,6

-44,5%

-9,3%

0,4

16,2

22,3

258,3

297,2

+21,1%

+3,2%

329,5

4.945,3

1.581,4

2.465,7

9.321,8

-13,2%

-2,3% HERRY 2010

Transit traffic: Values highly weighted for transit.

Source: Statistik Austria, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/verkehr/binnenschifffahrt/index.html, Oct. 2010

Table 88: Transport volume by groups of goods (NST/R-10) and type of transport on the Austrian Danube 2009

Transshipment at Austrian Danube ports 2009 in [1.000 tons] 3.500

3.270 Import/Export at Austrian Danube Ports total in [tons]

3.000

5.274.75

2.500

in [1.000 tons]

1.910.85 2.000

1.500

1.147 1.000

500

889

783

409 237

212

123

47

68

-

Wien

Linz

Source: Statistik Austria, Güterverkehr auf der Donau 2009

Krems Export

Enns Import

Others HERRY 2010

Figure 90: Transshipment at Austrian Danube ports 2009


Seite 129

Transport volume in combined transport on the Austrian Danube 1996 - 2009 in [1.000 tons] Transit 1 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container RoRo Container

29,7 3,6 54,7 0,7 69,9 1,6 9,3 0,1 0,5 0,3 1,1 5,9 5,1 0,3 2,5 0,1 0,7 2,7 43,6 0,3 164,0 2,0 177,8 0,6 74,9 38,4 -

Import 0,5 7,1 0,7 8,0 7,2 5,3 0,1 5,9 14,7 13,6 12,3 8,4 4,9 8,5 10,6 12,3 14,4

Export

Domestic

19,0 21,5 139,4 142,4 174,3 131,2 66,9 28,6 51,9 25,0 5,8 0,3 0,6 0,6

1)

0,0 1,1 2,0 4,6 1,2 0,3 0,1 1,7 0,2 0 0,5 1,1 0

As a result of the lacking legal basis, transit transport data for 2004 and 2005 were not completely covered. Since June 2005, transit transport is under covered; the figures for 2004 to 2009 have been extrapolated by Statistics Austria.

Total 30,2 29,7 55,3 31,3 69,9 150,1 9,3 152,4 0,6 181,7 1,1 152,0 5,1 80,8 2,5 42,7 0,8 63,2 43,6 30,2 164,0 16,3 177,8 11,9 74,9 14,0 38,4 15,1 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, via donau

Table 89: Transport volume in combined transport on the Austrian Danube 1996 - 2009

Seite 130



6%

30%

6.100

Import

As As c Aschach

Transit

Transit

3.653

60%

c

3.684

46%

26%

o

339

6%

2.032

34%

Pöchlarn

2.261

28%

2.127

Transit

Transit

Pischelsdorf scch che hel

n r te s Ea

Korneuburg Ko Korne ne euburg eu e u rg g

Import

Bratislava

32%

3.697

61% 4.004

1.816

27%

12% 819

d n u o b

5.142

44%

24%

2.728

Export

Road* Danube** % % 1.000 t 1.000 t

Cross-border eastern boundary: western boundary: waterway road Danube: Hainburg Danube: Passau Rail: Marchegg, Kittsee, Rail: Passau rail Port Rail Hegyeshalom, Sopron, Deutschkreutz Road: Suben, Neuhaus,, Created by Steinacher * Extrapolation: 4th quarter % Road: Berg, Kittsee, Klingenbach, Deutschkreutz, Simbach Map content: ÖIR 2009 ** Extrapolation: annual value due to the foreign trade statistics 1.000 t Nickelsdorf Source: ÖIR, Güterverkehr im Donaukorridor und in Österreich - Verkehrsentwicklung bis 2009, Wien 2010. Im Auftrag der via donau; eigene Bearbeitung

13.190

64%

t

28%

3.352

y r a d un

bo

7.892

66%

n r e

1.248

Export

6%

763

Freight transport volume and modal-split in the Austrian Danube corridor 2009 in [% und 1.000 tons]

7.1.1.7 Freight transport volume in the Danube corridor

Map 20: Freight transport volume and modal-split in the Austrian Danube corridor 2009

Seite 131

7.1.1.8 Air cargo volume at Austrian airports

Development of air cargo volume at Austrian airports 1955 - 2010 in [tonnes] Freight [t] unloaded

loaded

Mail [t] total

transit

unloaded

loaded

transit

total

1955

675

713

479

1.868

220

114

94

429

1960

1.309

1.318

2.064

4.691

475

342

466

1.283

1970

9.987

7.629

5.222

22.838

1.666

1.333

548

3.547

1980

19.580

19.997

5.380

44.957

2.772

2.119

343

5.234

1990

36.591

28.685

14.518

79.795

3.851

3.099

779

7.729

2000

61.462

68.089

4.576

134.127

3.313

5.275

164

8.752

2001

55.167

59.968

5.300

120.435

3.552

5.969

91

9.612

2002

56.012

59.760

5.151

120.923

3.855

6.961

23

10.838

2003

58.256

59.825

8.828

126.909

4.700

6.854

23

11.576

2004

76.010

72.002

20.607

168.619

5.939

6.804

25

12.768

2005

92.421

77.613

26.275

196.308

5.515

7.098

22

12.634

2006

110.118

79.651

26.515

216.284

6.427

7.643

6

14.076

2007

116.322

78.118

21.750

216.191

6.641

6.661

4

13.305

2008

118.824

74.289

21.422

214.535

7.549

6.571

8

14.128

2009

122.679

68.163

18.359

209.200

6.460

6.241

5

12.707

2010

145.564

79.320

21.060

245.944

6.182

6.311

3

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistische Jahrbücher Österreichs 2004, 2006; Statistik Austria, Statistics, Transport, Aviation, http://www.statistik.at/web_en/statistics/transport/aviation/freight_and_postal_transport/index.html, Mai 2011

12.495 HERRY 2011

Table 90: Development of air cargo volume at Austrian airports 1955 - 2010

Index of the air cargo volume (only freight - unloaded, loaded) at Austrian airports 1964 - 2010 [base year 1964=100]

1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

3.750 3.600 3.450 3.300 3.150 3.000 2.850 2.700 2.550 2.400 2.250 2.100 1.950 1.800 1.650 1.500 1.350 1.200 1.050 900 750 600 450 300 150 0

Freight (unloaded, loaded) Quelle: Statistik Austria, Statistische Jahrbücher Österreichs 2004, 2006; Statistik Austria, Statistiken, Verkehr, Luftfahrt, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/verkehr/luftfahrt/fracht-_und_postverkehr/index.html, Mai 2011; own calculations

Figure 91: Index of the air cargo volume at Austrian airports 1964 - 2010

Seite 132


HERRY 2011

Air cargo volume at Austrian airports 2010 in [tonnes] Airport Vienna Airport Graz Airport Innsbruck Airport Klagenfurt Airport Linz Airport Salzburg TOTAL

unloaded

Freight [t] loaded transit

142.883 148 190 5 2.257 80

76.451 36 173 8 2.578 74

19.338 1.722 0

238.672 184 363 13 6.558

145.564

79.320

21.060

total

unloaded

Mail [t]

loaded

transit

total

6.309 0 1 0

2 0 -

12.482

154

6.170 0 12 0

245.944

6.182

6.311

3

12.495

0

13 0 HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistics, Transport, Aviation, http://www.statistik.at/web_en/statistics/transport/aviation/freight_and_postal_transport/index.html, Mai 2011

Table 91: Air cargo volume at Austrian airports 2010

Development of air cargo volume at the Vienna Airport (only freight - unloaded, loaded, transit) 2005 - 2010 in [1.000 tonnes] 240.000 214.355

220.000 200.000

238.672

213.538 208.338

193.761

202.764

180.000 142.883

in [1.000 t]

160.000 140.000

100.000

120.337

116.563

115.059

108.861

120.000 90.660 76.832

78.987

80.000

76.730

70.739

76.451 65.387

60.000 40.000

26.269

26.507

21.036

21.749

20.000

19.338

17.040

-

2005

2006

2007 total

2008 unloaded

loaded

2009

2010

transit

HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistics, Transport, Aviation, http://www.statistik.at/web_en/statistics/transport/aviation/freight_and_postal_transport/index.html, Mai 2011

Figure 92: Development of air cargo volume at the Vienna Airport (only freight - unloaded, loaded, transit) 2005 - 2010


Seite 133

7.1.1.9 Freight transport volume through pipelines

Development of transport volume through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009 in [1.000 tons] Petroleum and -products

1

1966

1.164

1970 1980

Natural gas 1

TOTAL -

1.164

26.969

686

27.655

35.725

9.847

45.572

1990

35.123

17.295

52.418

2000

34.888

23.993

58.881

2001

37.216

22.519

59.735

2002

36.163

22.557

58.720

2003

35.507

25.418

60.925

2004

34.640

30.129

64.769

2005

35.417

31.334

66.751

2006

34.611

30.611

65.221

2007

32.381

30.657

63.038

2008

33.619

29.620

63.239

2009

33.146

28.694

61.840 HERRY 2010

Pipelines in operation since 1970.


Table 92: Development of transport volume through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009

Development of transport volume through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009 in [1.000 tons] 40.000

35.000

30.000

in [1.000 tons]

25.000

20.000

15.000

10.000

5.000

-

1966 1970 1980 1

1985 1990 1995 2000

Pipelines in operation since 1970


2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Petroleum and Petroleum products

Natural gas 1

Figure 93: Development of transport volume through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009

Seite 134


HERRY 2010

7.1.1.10 Freight transport volume in the EU

Development of road freight transport volume (domestic and foreign) (in the reporting country registered trucks) in EU member states 1999 - 2009 in [1.000 tons] 1999 BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE Sum EU-15

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

323.058

346.746

337.913

348.527

352.202

317.637

297.879

3.181.268

2.767.666

2.765.459

2.919.819

3.028.466

3.078.347

2.769.201

1.896.840

2.076.659

2.059.715

2.181.675

2.258.028

2.203.204

1.939.431

1.081.590

1.424.490

1.508.701

1.483.800

1.496.878

1.520.415

n/a

32.799

53.001

49.991

53.016

57.874

58.592

52.649

608.381

614.485

613.145

615.304

636.170

621.287

616.903

216.265

191.533

206.489

193.021

197.922

193.559

149.344

161.674

278.037

297.413

305.916

310.237

253.115

151.746

1.624.438

1.832.427

1.830.478

1.903.898

1.908.745

1.776.203

1.460.797

n/a

443.941

432.846

510.741

484.775

628.560

644.528

827.135

2.012.563

2.210.372

2.387.159

2.408.762

2.120.241

1.710.946

280.729

325.532

332.854

321.203

324.019

294.402

258.968

273.470

283.382

288.197

358.843

354.330

369.454

336.691

350.588

416.339

400.191

399.759

396.792

421.451

423.613

n/a

325.225

354.982

342.309

360.151

366.831

333.837

10.923.986

13.375.878

13.688.314

14.322.023

14.600.010

14.225.460

11.073.508

n/a

466.030

461.162

444.644

453.533

431.858

370.115

n/a

26.103

29.880

33.780

39.988

42.312

30.088

n/a

43.150

53.726

43.634

39.945

41.619

28.523

n/a

46.447

52.169

54.640

62.152

54.460

37.819

n/a

51.456

55.333

56.026

62.156

59.427

44.697

n/a

213.153

228.891

250.989

243.299

258.475

229.808

CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO Sum EU-27

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

732.049

863.395

897.414

984.237

1.093.406

1.170.478

n/a

73.577

82.750

86.896

89.036

91.239

75.287

n/a

178.130

195.488

181.521

179.409

199.429

163.491

n/a

n/a

n/a

150.672

134.779

175.484

146.563

n/a

n/a

n/a

335.578

356.971

364.952

293.422

n/a

15.205.973

15.711.108

16.857.817

17.245.515

17.038.121

13.663.799 HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, December 2010

Table 93: Development of road freight transport volume (domestic and foreign) (in the reporting country registered trucks) (engl)1999 - 2009 in EU memberAbb states

Road freight transport volume (in the reporting country registered trucks) per inhabitants in EU member states 2009 in [tons per capita] 120 IT, MT ... no data available

107

100

tons per capita

80 66 57

60

40

40

37

37

36

34

34

37 30

28

27

24

36

35

31

24

30 EU-27-average (without IT, MT) 23

20

22

19

17

14

13

0 LU

FI

GR AT NL ES

SE

IE DE

FR BE DK PT GB

SI

CY CZ PL SK HU EE BG LV RO LT

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Datenbank, Dezember 2010; own calculation

HERRY 2010

Page 1 Figure 94: Road freight transport (in the reporting country registered trucks) per inhabitants in EU member states 2009


Seite 135

Rail freight transport volume in EU member states 2003 - 2009 in [1.000 tons] 2004 1

2003 1 BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE UK EL ES PT AT FI SE Sum EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK RO BG Sum EU-27

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

55.732 296.924 120.676 74.293 14.798 29.697 7.711 n/a 89.417 3.000 26.244 8.718

n/a 310.260 117.415 83.533 16.826 30.401 8.162 2.140 118.561 2.968 29.455 9.559

n/a 317.294 107.532 89.755 10.739 35.009 7.706 1.820 120.510 3.058 29.731 9.587

n/a 346.118 109.222 102.169 12.133 37.267 7.477 1.245 126.694 3.884 29.862 9.775

66.248 361.116 111.236 105.314 8.266 40.700 6.901 825 122.634 4.943 29.591 10.556

64.648 371.298 109.509 95.810 8.548 40.569 7.198 717 119.359 4.253 26.572 10.426

45.718 312.087 86.127 76.337 6.446 33.594 6.163 631 98.402 n/a 20.462 8.947

82.091

92.930

101.829

110.779

115.526

121.579

98.887

43.503 57.874

42.663 60.157

40.722 63.198

43.560 64.944

40.288 67.809

41.937 66.712

32.860 n/a

1.091.953

1.089.135

99.777 68.538 52.164 53.503 51.523 245.307 17.575 51.813 68.772 21.905

95.073 52.752 56.061 54.970 51.543 248.860 17.271 47.910 66.711 19.716

1.822.830

1.800.002

n/a

n/a

93.297 65.588 49.401 43.447 42.940 161.816 17.266 50.521 n/a 524.276

n/a

88.843 65.647 55.901 45.555 51.726 282.919 16.193 50.445 n/a 657.229

n/a

n/a

85.613 68.187 54.861 49.287 50.850 269.553 16.344 49.310 69.176 n/a

n/a

97.491 61.284 48.731 50.225 54.705 291.394 17.052 52.449 68.312 21.881

n/a

n/a

n/a

76.715 45.954 53.679 42.669 42.277 200.819 13.774 37.603 50.595 13.284 n/a HERRY 2010

1

Different survey methods: only national companies until 2003, from 2004 all companies Note: Cyprus and Malta have no rail network. Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, December 2010

Table 94: Rail freight transport volume in EU member states 2003 - 2009 Abb (engl)

Rail freight transport volume per inhabitants in EU member states 2008 in [tons per capita] 39,3

40 35

tons per capita

30 24,7

25 20 15

17,7

16,3 14,6

10

7,9 7,3

9,2 8,9 8,7 6,1

5

4,5

EU-25-average (3,6) 8,6

EU-15-average (2,8)

0,9

1,3 1,0 0,6 0,4 0,2

FI

SE

BE DE

5,1

2,5 2,0 1,7 1,6

0 LU AT

6,5

NL UK FR

IT

DK PT

ES

EL

IE

EE

LV

LT

CZ SK RO

SI

PL HU BG

Note: MT, CY have no rail network. Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, December 2010; own calculation

Figure 95: Rail freight transport volume Page per inhabitants in EU member states 2008 1

Seite 136


HERRY 2010

7.1.2 Passenger transport 7.1.2.1 Passenger transport volume by means of transportation

Passenger transport volume by means of transportation and federal states in Austria 2005 in [bn ways] Austrian population over 6 years, without holiday or long-distance travel Public transport MIT-passenger MIT-driver Bicycle Foot Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

Total

0,05 0,16 0,31 0,31 0,16 0,26 0,21 0,09 0,30

0,01 0,03 0,06 0,06 0,03 0,05 0,03 0,02 0,06

0,15 0,30 0,83 0,79 0,29 0,67 0,38 0,19 0,78

0,03 0,06 0,16 0,15 0,06 0,14 0,09 0,04 0,21

0,04 0,08 0,24 0,20 0,09 0,17 0,12 0,06 0,51

1,85

0,33

4,39

0,94

1,51

Source: Käfer et al., 2006

0,28 0,63 1,59 1,51 0,63 1,30 0,83 0,40 1,86 9,02 HERRY 2011

Table 95: Passenger transport volume by means of transportation and federal states in Austria 2005

Passenger transport volume by means of transportation and federal states in Austria 2005 in [percent] Austrian population over 6 years, without holiday or long-distance travel 100% 90% 80%

14%

13%

13%

15%

14%

13%

14%

15%

17% 27%

11%

10%

10%

10%

10%

11%

11%

10%

70%

10%

11%

60% 48%

50%

52%

52%

54%

46%

52%

46%

48%

49% 42%

40% 30%

5%

20%

4%

10%

18%

5% 4%

4% 25%

4% 4%

5%

4% 3%

21%

19%

25%

20%

25%

23%

16%

21%

0%

B

C

Source: Käfer et al., 2006; own calculations

LA

UA Walk

Bicycle

S MIT-diver

ST MIT-passenger

T

V

Public transport

VIE

AT HERRY 2011

Figure 96: Passenger transport volume by means of transportation and federal states in Austria 2005


Seite 137

7.1.2.2 Rail passenger transport volume

Rail passengers 1992 - 2009 in [mio.] Main and secondary lines Index Passengers [1992=100] in [mio] 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Trams and metros Index Passengers [1992=100] in [mio]

195

100

601

100

203

104

631

105

209

107

653

109

213

109

675

112

213

109

689

115

200

103

690

115

200

102

695

116

202 203 203 202

104 104 104 103

704 704 714 714

117 117 119 119

107 111 114 116 118 122 123

710 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

209 217 222 226 230 239 240

² ² ² ² ² ²

1

To 2003: Source BMVIT

2

From 2004: Data for rail own survey of Statistics Austria

3

was not collected since 2004 by Statistics Austria.

118 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

3 3 3 3 3 3

HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria

Table 96: Rail passengers 1992 - 2009

Bus and rail passengers of ÖBB (Austrian Railway) 2007 - 2009 in [mio] 500 456

447

453

Passengers in [mio]

400

300

200

248

247

247 208

200

100

206

0

2007

2008 Total

Bus

2009 Rail

Source: ÖBB Personenverkehr AG, Business report 2009

Figure 97: Bus and rail passengers of ÖBB (Austrian Railway) 2007 - 2009

Seite 138


HERRY 2010

Development of rail passenger transport in the EU 2004 - 2009 in [1.000 Passengers] 2004 BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE Sum EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO Sum EU-27

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

178.422

180.431

190.865

201.054

213.934

220.379

2.091.268

2.130.469

2.228.926

2.236.467

2.340.985

2.335.218

943.899

983.766

1.021.931

1.065.423

1.093.033

1.101.640

728.177

759.863

753.536

774.480

802.440

n/a

13.520

13.937

14.793

16.442

17.676

17.039

326.993

n/a

347.724

367.814

n/a

n/a

168.552

171.377

174.573

174.940

179.750

184.225

34.555

37.655

43.352

45.511

44.647

38.812

1.063.061

1.096.140

1.146.414

1.229.633

1.304.591

1.271.551

9.483

9.959

9.520

13.212

16.050

n/a

594.093

615.921

629.068

620.644

614.730

578.480

152.786

151.384

150.365

156.712

158.455

153.794

215.083

220.116

223.931

228.488

236.789

237.658

67.555

60.134

63.493

63.803

66.685

69.937

146.615

150.058

159.067

169.061

178.506

k.A.

6.726.643

6.584.570

7.157.867

7.366.566

n/a

n/a

180.282

180.266

183.027

184.184

177.257

164.813

5.274

5.159

5.302

5.442

5.285

4.894

-

-

23.825

-

25.915

n/a 159.991

-

27.387

-

27.380

-

26.702

21.504

6.081

5.489

4.478

4.447

3.819

153.508

156.628

149.551

144.900

142.676

-

-

-

-

-

-

265.677

251.383

254.777

265.995

272.859

264.177

14.455

15.402

15.750

15.716

16.257

15.971

50.325

50.458

48.438

46.984

48.655

46.597

n/a

n/a

34.089

33.242

33.724

31.348

99.433

92.424

94.441

88.263

78.252

70.332

n/a

n/a

7.983.193

8.187.803

n/a

n/a HERRY 2010

Note: Cyprus and Malta have no rail network. Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, December 2010

Table 97: Development of rail passenger transport in the EU 2004 - 2009 Abb (engl)

Number of rail passengers per inhabitant in the EU 2007 in [Passengers per capita] 40 35

Passengers per capita

30

34,5 32,1 27,6 27,2

25

22,5 20,2

20

EU-15-average

19,0 18,6

17,9

16,7 14,8 14,0

15

EU-27-average 14,9

13,1 12,6

12,0

10,6

8,7

10

7,8

7,0 4,3 4,1 4,1

5

1,3

1,2

0 LU DK AT DE

NL GB BE

SE

FR

PT

ES

IT

FI

IE

GR

CZ HU LV SK

SI

PL BG RO EE

LT

Note: Cyprus and Malta have no rail network. Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, December 2010; own calculations

HERRY 2010

Page 1

Figure 98: Number of rail passengers per inhabitant in the EU 2007


Seite 139

7.1.2.3 Passenger transport volume at Austrian airports

Development of commercial air transport at Austrian airports 1955 - 2010 Flights Arrivals 1955 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Departures

4.145

Arrivals

Passengers Departures

4.159

64.734

65.099

Transit 20.637

Total 150.470

9.818

9.822

192.229

197.870

76.713

466.812

20.810

20.802

784.191

786.062

158.912

1.729.165

38.624

38.637

1.719.105

1.719.078

220.043

3.658.226

62.554

62.540

3.693.933

3.681.136

353.644

7.728.713

135.165

135.183

7.634.902

7.677.157

288.559

15.600.618

130.133

130.123

7.619.178

7.640.483

211.970

15.471.631

130.448

130.580

7.717.353

7.755.001

168.893

15.641.247

136.527

136.537

8.162.394

8.181.859

183.549

16.527.802

151.522

151.503

9.411.069

9.445.618

200.053

19.056.740

155.470

155.474

10.113.694

10.141.855

167.821

20.423.370

155.735

155.741

10.706.795

10.727.660

176.511

21.610.966

165.838

165.822

11.782.422

11.802.865

167.245

23.752.532

173.229

173.227

12.272.194

12.323.021

160.354

24.755.569

158.774

158.760

11.233.127

11.266.971

152.203

22.652.301

160.203

160.206

12.147.491

12.143.612

159.774

24.450.877 HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistische Jahrbücher Österreichs 2001, 2006; Statistik Austria, Statistik der Zivilluftfahrt 2009; Statistik Austria, Statistics, Transport, Aviation, http://www.statistik.at/web_en/statistics/transport/aviation/passenger_transport/index.html, Mai 2011

Table 98: Development of commercial air transport at Austrian airports 1955 - 2010

Commercial air transport at Austrian airports 2010 Flights Arrivals Airport Vienna Airport Graz Airport Innsbruck Airport Klagenfurt Airport Linz Airport Salzburg Total

Departures

Arrivals

Passengers Departures Transit

123.004

9.810.503

9.809.455

62.632

19.928.582

8.655

8.658

480.941

483.135

25.883

1.007.272

7.680

7.667

512.664

512.512

8.336

1.048.859

3.956

3.954

213.180

213.481

274

434.845

6.845

6.843

320.598

321.053

50.388

705.727

10.079

10.080

809.605

803.976

12.261

1.646.001

160.203

160.206

12.147.491

12.143.612

159.774

24.450.877

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistics, Transport, Aviation, http://www.statistik.at/web_en/statistics/transport/aviation/passenger_transport/index.html, Mai 2011

Table 99: Commercial air transport at Austrian airports 2010

Seite 140

Total

122.988


HERRY 2011

Index of passengers at the Austrian airports 1964 - 2010 [base year 1964=100] 3.150 3.000

Passengers

2.850 2.700 2.550 2.400 2.250 2.100 1.950 1.800 1.650 1.500 1.350 1.200 1.050 900 750 600 450 300 150

1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

0

Quelle: Statistik Austria, Statistische Jahrbücher Österreichs 2001, 2006; Statistik Austria, Statistik der Zivilluftfahrt 2009; Statistik Austria, Statistiken, Verkehr, Luftfahrt, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/verkehr/luftfahrt/personenverkehr/index.html, Mai 2011

HERRY 2011

Figure 99: Index of passengers at the Austrian airports 1964 - 2010

Number of passengers of scheduled flights 2009 (to and from Vienna, transit excluded)

29

12

00

10

00

80 60

rt 2

40 20

97.

m

m

h sc

ar W

m

2

19

9.

16

au

sk

Min

0

Moskau 357.250

.40

65

Kiew 134.378

0k

768

London 871.816

km

0k

0k

ttga

km

0k

Prag 111.229

Stu

Stockholm 267.661

Berlin 529.827

4.614

908

ver 24

rg 438.

Hanno

Hambu

am terd Ams 8.950 44

rf ldo sse 42 93 Dü 09.0 6 3.6

32

.0

02

ln

l4

Kö

se

üs

Br Fr 87 ank 7. fur 70 t 8

Dublin 87.672

Helsinki 177.325

Kopenhag en 277.707

Oslo 102.890

m

Peking 109.111 Tokio 153.181

Paris 719.495 Nürnberg

st 64.281

VIENNA: total 17,437.138 passengers

115.377

Budape

Bukarest 313.007

Delhi 107.859

hen Münc 53 481.4

Toronto 112.724

Bangkok 258.630 Dubai 303.284 Istanbul 291.913 Be

7 99.69

7.071

So

fia

Sa

lo

Larnaca 142.875

24

4.9

ni

ki

Tel Aviv 255.450 Damaskus 67.335

25

72

Kairo 132.727

.9

96

An

ta

lya

11 0

.6

18

Niz

8

15

1.

Rom 27

79

10

19

95.3Maila 41 nd 2 6

4.2

en

za

Vened ig

5.5

.2 34 f1 en G

14

Quatar 69.688

h At

1 .60 106 tina .190 Pris je 81 p Sko 70 .587 a 82 Tiran

Madrid 175.343 Barcelona 223.260

94.4

Lyon 65.853

jewo

01

New York 158.197

ad

Sara

h ric 8 Zü 2.20 08 75 .3 71 in e h nr te Al

Washington 127.045

Zagreb 139.573

lgr

Palma/Ibiza 204.141

Source: Statistik Austria, Statistisches Jahrbuch 2011

HERRY 2010

Figure 100: Number of passengers of scheduled flights 2009 (to and from Vienna, transit excluded)


Seite 141

7.2

Transport performance

7.2.1 Freight transport Changes of freight transport performance in Austria by mode of transport 2005 and 2009 in [mio tkm] and [percent] 2005 Mode of transport

2009 in mio t-km

Railway Road Pipeline Inland navigation Total

Shares by mode of transport 2009

Change 2005/2009

Change 2005 - 2009 per year -1,6% +0,0% -0,7% -5,4%

18.412 36.371 15.486 2.760

17.256 36.442 15.051 2.209

24,3% 51,4% 21,2% 3,1%

-6,3% +0,2% -2,8% -20,0%

73.029

70.958

100%

-2,8%

-0,7%

Source: Statistik Austria; BMVIT

HERRY 2011

Table 100: Changes of freight transport performance in Austria by mode of transport 2005 and 2009

7.2.1.1 Freight transport performance by transport type and mode Freight transport performance in Austria 2009 in [mio tkm] and [percent] Modes of transport Domestic Railway Road Pipeline 1 Inland navigation Sum

Change 2005/2009

Type of traffic Cross-border freight traffic Import/ Change Transit Export 2005/2009

5.335 15.050 n/a

+27,0% +8,5% n/a

8.153 9.289 n/a

-3,3% -13,7% n/a

62

+67,4%

1.284

+0,7%

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

Change 2005/2009

Total

3.769 12.104 n/a

-27,0% +13,0% n/a

15.051

863

-32,8%

2.209

n/a

70.958

n/a

17.256 36.442

1

Values are unknown or cannot be informed to whatever reason. Source: Statistik Austria; BMVIT

Change 2005/2009 -3,0% +3,1% -2,8% -14,9% -0,4% HERRY 2011

Table 101: Freight transport performance in Austria 2009 Abb (engl)

70%

Shares of transport modes1 of freight transport performance in Austria 2009 in [Prozent]

60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Total Domestic Import/Export Transit

Rail

Road

Inland navigation

30,9%

65,2%

4,0%

9,5%

26,9%

0,1%

14,6%

16,6%

2,3%

6,7%

21,6%

1,5%

Sum over all transport modes = 100 % 1

There is no presentation of pipelines, due to missing data on domestic and transit transport.


HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria; BMVIT; own calculations

Figure 101: Shares of transport modes of freight transport performance in Austria 2009 Abb 101_2012.xls

Seite 142


Seite 1

Abb (engl)

Shares of transport types by tranport modes1 freight transport performance in Austria 2009 in [Prozent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

1

Rail

Road

Inland navigation

Total

Domestic

30,9%

41,3%

2,8%

36,6%

Import/Export

47,2%

25,5%

58,1%

33,5%

Transit

21,8%

33,2%

39,1%

29,9%

There is no presentation of pipelines, due to missing data on domestic and transit transport.


HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria; BMVIT; own calculations

Figure 102: Shares of transport types by tranport modes freight transport performance in Austria 2009 Abb 102_2012.xls

Seite 1

Abb (engl)

Shares of transport modes1 by transport types freight transport performance in Austria 2009 in [Prozent] 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Domestic

Import/Export

Transit

Total

Rail

26,1%

43,5%

22,5%

30,9%

Road

73,6%

49,6%

72,3%

65,2%

0,3%

6,9%

5,2%

4,0%

Inland navigation 1

There is no presentation of pipelines, due to missing data on domestic and transit transport. Note: Rounding differences may appear due to calculation with fractional digits. HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria; Eurostat; BMVIT; own calculation

Figure 103: Shares of transport modes by transport types freight transport performance in Austria 2009 Seite 1 Abb 103_2012.xls


Seite 143

7.2.1.2 Freight transport performance – modal share of road and rail

Freight transport performance and modal-split in Austria by type of transport 2009 in [tkm] CZ 9,3

LEGEND

Road

DT

Rail

bn

IMPORT/ EXPORT

tkm

(53

%)

SK

10 bn tkm

8,2

1 bn tkm

bn

tkm

(47

%)

12,1

DOMESTIC

TRANSIT

5,3 bn tkm (26%)

%)

(24%

m (76

n tkm

bn tk

3,8 b

CH

15,1 bn tkm (74%)

)

HU

IT Source: Statistik Austria; BMVIT Created by Herry Consult, Steinacher

SL

HERRY Consult 2011

Map 21: Freight transport performance and modal-split in Austria by type of transport 2009

Seite 144


7.2.1.3 Combined transport freight transport performance

Combined freight transport performance (rail) in Austria 1996 - 2009 in [bn tkm1] und [percent] bn tkm % bn tkm % bn tkm

UCT Rolling Road Total 1

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

1,5 66% 0,7 34%

1,5 66% 0,8 34%

1,6 66% 0,8 34%

1,6 64% 0,9 36%

1,7 61% 1,1 39%

1,8 59% 1,2 41%

1,9 59% 1,4 41%

2,0 59% 1,4 41%

2,4 70% 1,0 30%

2,5 77% 0,8 23%

2,7 74% 0,9 26%

3,3 79% 0,9 21%

3,5 79% 0,9 21%

3,1 79% 0,8 21%

2,2

2,2

2,4

2,4

2,7

3,0

3,3

3,3

3,4

3,2

3,6

4,2

4,5

Unit in net-net tkm (weights of container und korries on the Rolling Road excluded)

3,9 HERRY 2011


Table 102: Combined freight transport performance (rail) in Austria 1996 - 2009

Combined freight transport performance - development in Austria 1996 - 2009 in [bn tkm]

bn tkm

4

2

-

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002 RoLa

1

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

UCT

Unit in net-net tkm (weights of container und korries on the Rolling Road excluded)


HERRY 2011

Figure 104: Combined freight transport performance - development in Autria 1996 - 2009


Seite 145

7.2.1.4 Freight transport performance on the Danube

Development of freight transport performance on the Austrian Danube by type of transport 1995 - 2009 in [mio tkm] Cross-border Domestic 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Import/Export

Total

Transit1

83,2

955,4

1.007,8

2.046,4

86,4

1.083,6

931,3

2.101,2

118,8

1.038,0

930,3

2.087,1

127,0

1.088,5

1.064,1

2.279,6

100,2

1.159,0

972,1

2.231,2

116,8

1.209,2

1.117,5

2.443,5

94,5

1.215,6

1.247,2

2.557,4

71,1

1.413,4

1.361,2

2.845,7

60,8

1.156,9

1.058,7

2.276,4

32,7

1.303,6

1.197,4

2.533,6

37,3

1.274,9

440,3

1.752,5

137,3

1.072,6

1.208,7

2.418,7

145,7

1.287,8

1.163,1

2.596,6

91,5

1.283,7

983,3

2.358,5

62,5

1.077,2

863,0

1

As a result of the lacking legal basis, transit transport data for 2004 and 2005 were not completely covered. Since June 2005, transit transport is under covered; the figures for 2004 to 2009 have been extrapolated by Statistik Austria. Source: Statistik Austria; BMVIT; via donau

2.002,6 HERRY 2010

Table 103: Development of freight transport performance on the Austrian Danube by type of transport 1995 - 2009

Development of freight transport performance on the Austrian Danube by type of transport 1995 - 2009 in [mio tkm] 3000

2500

Mio. tkm

2000

1500

1000

500

0 1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

Domestic

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

Cross-border Import/Export

2005

Transit

2006

2007

2008

2009

1

1

Transit traffic: As a result of the lacking legal foundation, transit transport data for 2004 and 2005 were not completely covered. Since June 2005, transit transport has been under covered; the figures for 2004 to 2009 have been extrapolated by Statistik Austria Source: Statistik Austria; BMVIT; via donau

HERRY 2010

Figure 105: Development of freight transport performance on the Austrian Danube by type of transport 1995 - 2009

Seite 146


7.2.1.5 Freight transport performance through pipelines

Development of freight transport performance through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009 in [mio. tkm] Petroleum and -products 1966 1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 1

Natural gas 1

21 3.620 7.054 6.370 7.563 8.071 7.961 7.763 7.571 7.780 7.639 7.226 7.521 7.304

TOTAL

-

21 3.622 9.672 11.187 14.452 14.564 14.481 14.704 15.272 15.487 15.295 15.195 15.753

2 2.618 4.817 6.889 6.493 6.520 6.941 7.701 7.707 7.656 7.969 8.231 7.746

15.051


HERRY 2010


Table 104: Development of freight transport performance through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009

Development of freight transport performance through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009 in [1.000 tkm] 9.000 8.000 7.000

in [1.000 tkm]

6.000 5.000 4.000 3.000 2.000 1.000 1966 1970 1980 1

1985 1990 1995



2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Petroleum and d t

Natural gas 1

HERRY 2010

Figure 106: Development of freight transport performance through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009


Seite 147

7.2.1.6 Freight transport performance in the EU Development of road freight transport performance (domestic and foreign) (in the reporting country registered HGV) in the EU 1995 - 2009 in [1.000 mio tkm] 1995 BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE UK EL ES PT AT FI SE Sum EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO Sum EU-27

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

45,6

51,0

53,2

52,9

50,5

47,9

43,8

43,0

42,1

38,4

36,2

237,8

280,7

289,0

285,2

290,8

303,8

310,1

330,0

343,4

341,5

307,5

178,2

204,0

206,9

204,4

203,6

212,2

205,3

211,4

219,2

206,3

173,6

174,4

184,7

186,5

192,7

174,1

197,0

211,8

187,1

179,4

180,5

n/a

5,5

7,6

8,7

9,2

9,6

9,6

8,8

8,8

9,6

9,4

8,4

67,1

79,6

78,5

77,4

79,8

89,7

84,2

83,2

77,9

78,2

72,7

22,4

24,0

22,2

22,5

23,0

23,1

23,3

21,3

21,0

19,5

16,9

5,5

12,3

12,3

14,3

15,7

17,1

17,9

17,5

19,0

17,4

12,8

161,5

165,6

163,3

164,0

167,1

167,9

167,5

172,2

171,5

160,3

139,5

13,2

21,5

21,6

21,7

21,8

22,0

23,8

34,0

27,8

28,9

28,6

101,6

148,7

161,0

184,5

192,6

220,8

233,2

241,8

258,9

243,0

211,9

27,3

38,9

40,5

40,2

39,8

40,8

42,6

44,8

46,2

39,1

35,8

26,5

35,1

37,5

38,5

39,6

39,2

37,0

39,2

37,4

34,3

29,1

24,5

32,0

30,5

32,0

30,9

32,3

31,9

29,7

29,8

31,0

27,8

31,6

35,6

34,2

36,7

36,6

37,0

38,6

39,9

40,5

42,4

35,0

1.122,7

1.321,4

1.345,8

1.376,1

1.375,5

1.460,4

1.479,8

1.503,9

1.523,7

1.470,0

1.135,8

31,3

37,3

39,1

43,7

46,5

46,0

43,4

50,4

48,1

50,9

45,0

1,5

3,9

4,2

4,4

4,8

5,1

5,8

5,5

6,4

7,4

5,3

1,2

1,3

1,3

1,3

1,4

1,1

1,4

1,2

1,2

1,3

1,0

1,8

4,8

5,4

6,2

6,8

7,4

8,4

10,8

13,2

12,3

8,1

5,2

7,8

8,3

10,7

11,5

12,3

15,9

18,1

20,3

20,4

17,8

13,8

19,1

18,5

17,9

18,2

20,6

25,2

30,5

35,8

35,8

35,4

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

51,2

75,0

77,2

80,3

86,0

102,8

111,8

128,3

150,9

164,9

180,7 14,8

3,3

5,3

7,0

6,6

7,0

9,0

11,0

12,1

13,7

16,3

15,9

14,3

13,8

14,9

16,7

18,5

22,6

22,2

27,2

29,3

27,7

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

13,8

14,6

15,3

17,7

n/a 1.248,5

n/a

n/a 1.490,8

1.521,0

n/a 1.562,7

n/a 1.574,9

n/a 1.683,7

n/a

57,3

59,5

56,4

34,3

1.725,4

1.854,0

1.914,7

1.880,3

1.523,6 HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, December 2010

Table 105: Development of road freight transport performance (domestic and foreign)(in the reporting

Development of transport capacity (domestic and foreign) country registered HGV) in the EU 1995 - 2009 in road freight transport (in the reporting country registered trucks) in the EU 1995 - 2009 Development of road freight transport performance (domestic and foreign) (in the reporting country registered trucks) 17.021 in the EU 1995 - 2009 in [tkm per capita] 10.000 IT, MT ... no data available

9.000 8.000 7.263

tkm per capita

7.000 6.000 5.220

5.000

5.301 5.119

4.624 4.873 3.786 3.750 3.480

4.000 3.000

3.369

4.739 4.295 3.984 3.589 3.526

3.365

EU-27-EU-15-average

3.065 2.8732.697 2.539 2.265

EU-15-average

2.332

2.000

1.594 1.208

1.000 0 LU FI

ES NL SE DE AT PT BE DK IE

FR EL UK

SI

LT SK PL CZ EE LV HU BG RO CY

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, December 2010; own calculations

HERRY 2010

Figure 107: Development of road freight transport performance (domestic and foreign) (in the reporting country registered trucks) in the EU 1995 - 2009

Seite 148


Development of rail freight transport performance in the EU 1995 - 2009 in [1.000 mio tkm] BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE Sum EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO Sum EU-27

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2005

2006

2007

2008

7,3

7,2

7,5

7,6

7,4

7,7

7,1

7,3

7,3

7,7

8,1

n/a

n/a

9,3

8,9

2009 6,4

69,5

70,0

73,9

74,2

71,9

77,5

76,2

76,3

78,5

86,4

95,4

95,4

107,0

114,6

115,7

95,8

48,1

49,5

53,9

54,0

53,4

55,3

50,3

50,0

46,8

45,1

40,7

40,7

41,2

42,6

40,5

32,1

21,7

21,0

22,9

22,5

21,5

22,8

21,8

20,7

20,3

21,0

22,8

22,8

24,2

25,3

23,8

17,8

0,5

0,5

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,5

0,6

0,4

0,4

0,4

0,3

0,3

0,2

3,1

3,1

3,4

3,8

4,0

4,5

4,3

4,0

4,7

5,2

5,0

5,9

6,3

7,2

7,0

5,6

2,0

1,8

2,0

2,1

1,9

2,0

2,1

1,9

2,0

2,1

2,0

2,0

1,9

1,8

1,9

1,7

0,6

0,6

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,4

0,4

0,4

0,3

0,3

0,2

0,1

0,1

0,1

13,3

15,1

16,9

17,3

18,2

18,1

19,4

18,7

18,7

22,6

22,3

22,3

27,4

26,4

24,8

21,2 n/a

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,3

0,4

0,4

0,3

0,5

0,6

0,6

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,8

11,0

11,1

12,5

11,3

11,5

11,6

11,7

11,6

11,7

11,4

11,6

11,6

11,5

11,1

10,5

2,0

1,9

2,2

2,0

2,2

2,2

2,1

2,2

2,1

2,3

2,4

2,4

2,4

2,6

2,5

2,2

13,2

13,3

14,2

14,7

15,0

16,6

16,9

17,1

16,9

17,9

19,0

19,0

21,0

21,4

21,9

17,8

7,5

9,6

8,8

9,9

9,9

9,8

10,1

9,9

9,7

10,0

10,1

9,7

9,7

11,1

10,4

10,8

19,4

18,8

19,2

19,2

19,1

19,5

19,0

19,2

20,2

20,9

21,7

21,7

22,3

23,3

23,1

8,9

221,6

223,2

239,8

239,8

237,4

249,4

242,2

239,9

240,6

254,3

262,0

n/a

n/a

297,2

292,6

22,6

22,3

21,0

18,7

16,7

17,5

16,9

15,8

15,9

15,1

14,9

14,9

15,8

16,3

15,4

12,8

3,8

4,2

5,1

6,1

7,3

8,1

8,6

9,7

9,7

10,5

10,6

10,6

10,4

8,4

5,9

5,9

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9,8

12,4

14,0

13,0

12,2

13,3

14,2

15,0

18,0

18,6

19,8

19,8

16,8

18,3

19,6

18,7

7,2

8,1

8,6

8,3

7,8

8,9

7,7

9,8

11,5

11,6

12,5

12,5

12,9

14,4

14,7

11,9

8,4

7,6

8,1

8,2

8,5

8,8

7,7

7,8

7,6

8,3

9,1

9,1

10,2

10,0

9,9

7,7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

68,2

67,4

67,7

60,9

55,1

54,0

47,7

46,6

47,4

47,9

50,0

50,0

53,6

54,3

52,0

43,4

n/a n/a

3,1

2,6

2,9

2,9

2,8

2,9

2,8

3,1

3,3

3,5

3,2

3,2

3,4

3,6

3,5

2,8

13,8

12,0

12,4

11,8

9,9

11,2

10,9

10,4

10,1

9,7

9,5

9,5

10,0

9,6

9,3

7,0

8,6

7,5

7,4

6,2

5,2

5,5

4,9

4,6

5,3

5,2

5,2

5,2

5,4

5,2

4,7

3,1

17,9

24,3

22,1

16,6

14,7

16,4

16,1

15,2

15,0

17,0

16,6

16,6

15,8

15,8

15,2

11,1

385,0

391,5

409,1

392,4

377,6

396,1

379,7

377,9

384,3

401,7

413,3

n/a

n/a

453,1

443,0

n/a

HERRY 2010


Table 106: Development of rail freight transport performance in the EU 1995 - 2009 Abb (engl)

Rail freight transport performance per inhabitant in the EU 2008 in [tkm per capita] 9.000

8.623

8.000 7.000

tkm pro capita

6.000 5.000 4.432

4.381

4.000 3.000

2.634 2.517 2.033

2.000

1.751

1.407 837

1.000

EU-15-average 634

406

400

341

240

DE

BE FR LU NL GB

IT

1.365 983

708 614

231

70

0

FI

1.487

EU-27-average

577 426

AT SE

1.722

DK PT ES GR

23

IE

LV EE

LT

SI

SK CZ PL HU RO BG

Note: Cyprus and Malta have no rail network. Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Dtabase, December 2010; own calculation

HERRY 2010

Page 1 Figure 108: Rail freight transport performance per inhabitant n the EU 2008


Seite 149

7.2.2 Passenger transport 7.2.2.1 Passenger transport performance by means of transportation

Passenger transport performance by means of transportation 1990 - 2008 in [mio pkm] Only inland by ... foot 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

private motorized transport

bicycle

4.499 4.447 4.425 4.404 4.383 4.364 4.345 4.326 4.308 4.289 4.270 4.251 4.232 4.213 4.213 4.176 4.157 4.138 4.119

2.621 2.668 2.683 2.699 2.714 2.732 2.749 2.767 2.784 2.801 2.819 2.836 2.853 2.871 2.888 2.906 2.923 2.940 2.958

public transport

56.429 58.137 59.723 60.571 62.629 63.035 64.000 64.843 65.912 67.231 67.827 68.298 69.195 70.215 70.905 71.893 72.228 73.413 74.728

Total

19.678 20.443 20.988 21.195 21.581 22.124 22.372 20.889 20.933 21.033 21.540 21.554 21.705 21.730 21.956 22.149 22.381 23.075 24.349

83.227 85.694 87.820 88.870 91.308 92.255 93.466 92.825 93.936 95.353 96.455 96.938 97.986 99.029 99.962 101.123 101.689 103.566 106.154

Source: UBA, The basis for the air pollutant inventory in Austria 2009

HERRY 2011

Table 107: Passenger transport performance by means of transportation

Passenger transport performance by means of transportation 1990 - 2008 in [percent] Only inland by ... 100% 90% 80%

5,4%

5,2%

5,0%

5,0%

4,8%

4,7%

4,6%

4,7%

3,1%

3,1%

3,1%

3,0%

3,0%

3,0%

2,9%

3,0%

4,6% 3,0%

4,5% 2,9%

4,4% 2,9%

4,4% 2,9%

4,3% 2,9%

4,3% 2,9%

4,2% 2,9%

4,1% 2,9%

4,1% 2,9%

4,0% 2,8%

3,9% 2,8%

23,6%

23,9%

23,9%

23,8%

23,6%

24,0%

23,9%

22,5%

22,3%

22,1%

22,3%

22,2%

22,2%

21,9%

22,0%

21,9%

22,0%

22,3%

22,9%

68,2%

68,6%

68,3%

68,5%

69,9%

70,5%

70,3%

70,5%

71,0%

70,9%

70,4%

70% 60% 50% 40% 30%

67,8%

67,8%

68,0%

70,2%

70,6%

70,9%

70,9%

71,1%

20% 10% 0% 1990

1991

1992

1993

1994 1995 1996 1997 private motorized transport

1998

1999 2000 public transport

2001

2002 bicycle

2003

2004 foot

2005

2006


Figure 109: Passenger transport performance by means of transportation 1990 - 2008

Seite 150


2007

2008 HERRY 2011

Development of passenger transport performance with rail and road (car) 1970 - 2009

Rail 1970 1980 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

in [mio passenger-km] Index [1990=100] Road (car)

Index [1990=100]

6.438

72

32.900

7.586

85

47.800

59 86

8.912

100

55.678

100

9.590

108

57.393

103

9.957

112

58.957

106

9.764

110

59.783

107

9.949

112

61.803

111

10.124

114

62.156

112

10.222

115

63.073

113

8.709

98

63.865

115

8.537

96

64.862

116

8.554

96

66.111

119

8.740

98

66.668

120

8.761 8.810 8.673 8.704 9.508 9.296 9.580 10.837 10.653

98 99 97 98 107 104 107 122 120

67.104 67.960 68.941 69.608 70.557 70.893 72.023 73.281 72.259

121 122 124 125 127 127 129 132 130 HERRY 2011

Source: EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures - Statistical pocketbook 2011

Table 108: Development of passenger transport performance with rail and road (car) 1970 - 2009

Development of passenger transport performance with rail and road 1970 - 2009 in [mio passenger-km] break the time series

80.000 70.000 60.000

mio pkm

50.000 40.000 30.000 20.000 10.000

Rail

Road (car)


20 09

20 08

20 07

20 06

20 05

20 04

20 03

20 02

20 01

20 00

19 99

19 98

19 97

19 96

19 95

19 94

19 93

19 92

19 91

19 90

19 80

19 70

0

HERRY 2011

Figure 110: Development of passenger transport performance with rail and road 1970 - 2009


Seite 151

7.2.2.2 Passenger transport performance in the EU Development of road (car) passenger transport performance in the EU 1990 - 2008 in [mio passenger-km] BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE Sum EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO Sum EU-27

1990

1995

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

90.183

98.195

105.527

106.890

108.070

106.968

108.635

108.876

109.798

112.080

110.900

683.100

815.298

831.267

852.629

862.987

857.735

868.650

856.875

863.328

868.004

852.272

585.592

640.134

699.644

727.590

733.454

738.578

736.945

727.364

723.794

727.816

720.173

522.593

614.713

726.529

717.683

711.733

710.988

716.060

688.986

744.860

768.347

719.558

4.000

4.700

5.600

5.800

5.900

6.000

6.100

6.300

6.500

6.600

6.700

137.300

131.400

141.100

141.600

144.200

146.100

151.600

148.800

148.000

148.800

147.000

47.648

48.689

51.209

50.259

50.415

50.992

50.557

50.750

51.573

52.908

52.862

28.507

31.558

38.375

39.816

40.279

41.290

42.209

43.390

45.140

47.468

49.030

588.000

618.000

640.000

654.000

677.000

673.000

678.000

674.000

682.000

685.000

679.000

35.000

44.000

63.000

68.000

72.000

76.000

80.000

85.000

90.000

95.000

100.000

174.400

250.374

302.611

307.955

315.000

321.928

330.192

337.797

340.937

343.293

339.100

40.000

52.500

71.000

73.200

77.700

81.500

83.000

85.000

86.000

86.600

87.000

55.678

62.156

66.667

67.102

67.959

68.942

69.606

70.556

70.890

72.023

73.283

51.200

50.000

55.700

57.000

58.300

59.590

60.940

61.910

62.455

63.785

63.400

85.945

87.622

91.868

92.780

95.420

96.320

96.980

97.310

96.988

99.315

98.422

3.129.146

3.549.339

3.890.097

3.962.304

4.020.417

4.035.931

4.079.474

4.042.914

4.122.263

4.177.039

4.098.700

n/a

54.500

63.940

63.470

65.290

67.360

67.570

68.640

69.630

71.540

72.380

n/a

5.143

6.682

6.809

7.060

7.663

7.813

9.929

9.946

10.000

10.500

n/a

3.400

3.900

4.000

4.100

4.150

4.600

4.800

5.000

5.300

5.750

n/a

7.500

11.500

12.000

12.500

13.000

11.506

12.112

14.020

15.957

17.000

n/a

16.000

26.000

26.000

26.000

29.000

31.000

34.793

39.472

39.119

38.000

47.000

45.400

46.180

46.180

46.300

46.360

46.450

46.600

46.850

41.419

42.000

n/a

1.700

1.800

1.800

1.850

1.900

1.950

2.000

2.050

2.100

2.150

n/a

110.700

149.700

157.700

167.400

172.400

181.500

197.300

219.240

239.260

273.500

13.320

16.338

20.325

20.801

21.287

21.331

22.042

22.509

23.006

24.335

24.878

n/a

17.977

23.929

24.056

24.978

25.224

25.332

25.824

26.342

25.994

26.395

n/a

25.000

26.900

27.900

29.300

30.700

32.800

35.100

37.600

40.400

43.200

n/a

40.000

51.000

52.500

54.000

56.000

58.000

61.000

64.100

67.500

70.500

n/a

3.892.997

4.321.953

4.405.520

4.480.482

4.511.019

4.570.037

4.563.521

4.679.519

4.759.963

4.724.953 HERRY 2010


Table 109: Development of road (car) passenger transport performance in the EU 1990 - 2008

Road (car) passenger transport performance per inhabitant in the EU 2008 in [passenger-km per capita] 14.000 13.000

13.849

12.069

12.000

11.256 11.140 11.099 10.397 10.718 10.366

11.000 10.000

11.288

EU-15-average EU-27-average

9.654 8.960 8.918 8.810

9.000

8.194

8.000 pkm/capita

12.375

11.961

7.830 7.486 7.285 7.176 6.972

7.488

7.000

5.654

6.000

5.240 4.887

5.000

4.181

4.000

3.275

3.000 2.000 1.000 0 LU IT

FI

FR

IE GB SE BE DE DK NL GR AT PT ES

SI

LT EE LV CY PL CZ BG MT SK HU RO

Source: EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures - Statistical pocketbook 2010; own calculation

Figure 111: Road (car) passenger transport performance per inhabitant

Seite 152


HERRY 2010

Development of rail passenger transport performance in the EU 1995 - 2009 in [mio passenger-km] BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE UK EL ES PT AT FI SE

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

6.757

6.788

6.980

7.097

7.354

7.732

8.038

8.260

8.265

8.675

8.510

8.964

9.403

10.139

10.493

70.977

71.730

72.403

72.666

73.796

75.404

75.754

71.366

71.293

72.563

74.944

78.735

82.685

85.634

80.745

55.560

59.790

61.780

64.500

66.216

69.866

71.504

73.534

71.707

74.309

76.884

79.809

81.961

86.516

88.610

43.859

44.782

43.591

41.391

43.424

47.132

46.752

45.957

45.221

45.577

50.088

50.185

49.780

49.524

287

284

295

300

310

332

346

268

262

253

267

298

316

345

n/a

16.350

14.092

13.875

14.107

14.281

14.666

14.392

14.288

13.848

14.097

n/a

15.889

16.325

16.311

n/a

4.888

4.821

5.173

5.365

5.310

5.537

5.721

5.745

5.826

5.921

5.961

6.097

6.163

6.267

6.161

1.291

1.295

1.387

1.421

1.458

1.389

1.515

1.628

1.601

1.582

1.781

1.872

2.007

1.976

1.683

30.271

32.348

34.886

36.497

38.694

38.406

39.381

39.923

41.164

42.580

44.415

47.037

50.171

53.002

52.765

1.568

1.751

1.884

1.552

1.583

1.886

1.747

1.836

1.574

1.668

1.854

1.811

1.930

1.657

16.577

16.850

17.830

18.730

19.655

20.144

20.829

21.211

21.127

20.328

21.152

21.620

21.362

23.453

n/a

n/a 23.056

4.809

4.502

4.568

4.601

4.329

4.032

3.992

3.925

3.753

3.686

3.809

3.876

3.987

4.213

4.213

9.755

9.824

8.477

8.313

8.166

8.374

8.573

8.565

8.557

8.549

8.685

8.907

9.167

10.365

10.184

3.184

3.254

3.376

3.377

3.415

3.405

3.282

3.318

3.338

3.352

3.478

3.540

3.778

4.052

6.833

6.953

7.022

7.210

7.701

8.243

8.732

8.984

9.051

8.914

8.910

9.617

10.261

11.017

n/a

Sum EU-15 271.558 277.685 281.796 285.239 294.137 304.127 307.938 306.305 304.246 304.246 310.738 338.258 349.296 364.471 6.590 6.667 6.922 6.898 6.773 8.023 8.111 7.710 7.001 6.929 7.300 7.299 6.597 6.518 CZ 193 248 257 274 274 421 309 262 236 238 261 183 177 182 EE CY 811 889 986 975 941 1.373 1.149 1.154 1.059 984 715 706 744 762 LV 444 280 268 246 258 1.130 954 842 800 745 611 533 498 432 LT 10.165 9.714 9.524 8.752 8.291 8.441 8.582 8.669 8.884 9.514 9.693 10.005 10.531 10.286 HU MT 18.430 17.882 18.240 19.524 19.762 26.635 19.807 19.928 20.553 21.518 24.093 22.469 20.749 19.638 PL 763 716 724 740 765 595 613 616 645 623 705 715 749 777 SI 2.228 2.182 2.213 2.165 2.296 4.202 3.769 3.095 3.116 2.968 2.870 2.805 2.682 2.315 SK 2.404 n/a 2.411 2.404 2.317 4.693 5.065 5.886 4.740 3.819 3.472 2.990 2.598 2.517 BG RO 8.633 7.985 8.092 7.476 6.958 18.879 18.356 15.794 13.422 12.304 11.632 10.965 8.502 8.497

n/a

Sum EU-27 322.378 320.980 324.074 327.536 337.660 350.380 352.659 349.039 345.164 345.164

n/a

387.895

398.749

n/a

6.472 249 748 231 8.001 18.128 773 2.264 2.138 6.128

413.106

n/a HERRY 2010


Table 110: Development of rail passenger transport performance in the EU 1995 - 2009

Rail passenger transport performance per inhabitant in the EU 2008 in [passenger-km per capita] 1.600 1.400

1.352 1.246

1.200

1.200 1.144 1.042

pkm/capita

1.000

994 951

EU-15-average 866 831

800

EU-27-average

825

764 713

600

673 518

518 449

400

425 414

397

381 323

200

303 274

148

77

0 FR

AT

SE DK DE

NL BE UK

IT

FI

LU

ES

IE

PT

EL

HU CZ

PL

SK LV

SI


RO BG EE

LT

HERRY 2010

Figure 112: Rail passenger transport performance per inhabitant in the EU 2008


Seite 153

7.2.3 Development of vehicle performance on the federal and secondary road network

Development of vehicle performance on federal and secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1990 - 2009 weighted average of all similar traffic counter stations Index [1990=100] 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

Motorways (A) 1 and Expressways (S) 1

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Secondary roads (B and L)

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Total

Until 1995 the performance of Expressways was included in the volume of secondary roads B, since 1996 it is in the volumes of the motorways.

Source: BMVIT, BMWA: Automatic traffic counts - year evaluation from1991 to 2000; DTV: Analyzing and displaying the results of the automatic traffic counting from 2001. On behalf of the BMVIT; own calculation

HERRY 2011

Figure 113: Development of vehicle performance on federal and secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1990 - 2009

Development of HGV performance on federal und secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1990 - 2009 weighted average of all similar traffic counter stations Index [1990=100] 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Motorways (A) 1 and Expressways (S) 1


Total



Figure 114: Development of HGV performance on federal und secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1990 - 2009

Seite 154


HERRY 2011

Development of traffic performance on federal und secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1970 - 2009 weighted average of all similar traffic counter stations Index [1970=100] 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50

Total 1

A+S

2009

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1999

1

1998

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

1992

1991

1990

1989

1988

1987

1986

1985

1984

1983

1982

1981

1980

1979

1978

1977

1976

1975

1974

1973

1972

1971

1970

0


1



HERRY 2011

Figure 115: Development of traffic performance on federal und secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1970 - 2009

Development of traffic performance (all vehicles) on federal and secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1976 - 2009 weighted average of all similar traffic counter stations Index [1976=100]

500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50

Cars 1

2009

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

1

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

1992

1991

1990

1989

1988

1987

1986

1985

1984

1983

1982

1981

1980

1979

1978

1977

1976

0

Lkw



HERRY 2011

Figure 116: Development of traffic performance (all vehicles) on federal and secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1976 - 2009


Seite 155

7.3

Traffic load

7.3.1 Traffic load on selected road sections Traffic load on selected road sections 2010 in [vehicles/24h] Annual average daily traffic (AADT365) Vehicles 3,5t hzG Number/24h 8.562 12.007 5.124 3.869 6.650 3.810 3.246 1.132 6.769 5.337 3.065 10.673

Total traffic

Share in % 13% 13% 10% 14% 14% 18% 20% 15% 15% 16% 6% 6%

Vehicles/24h 65.123 91.293 50.248 27.443 46.774 20.632 16.646 7.671 43.889 32.553 47.337 180.491 HERRY 2011

Source: ASFINAG, Automatische Straßenverkehrszählung 2010

Table 111: Traffic load on selected road sections 2010, annual average daily traffic

Traffic load on selected road sections 2010 in [vehicles/24h] Annual average daily traffic (AADT365) Wien-Handelskai (A 23) Haid (A 1) St. Pölten (A 1) Laßnitzhöhe (A 2) Dornbirn (A 14) Bruckneudorf (A 4) Kufstein (A 12) Matrei-Brenne (A 13) Villach (A 2) Selzthaltunnel (A 9) Spittal-Drau (A 10) St. Martin (A 11) 0

20.000

40.000

60.000

Vehicles 3,5t HGV


Figure 117: Traffic load of vehicles at selected road sections 2010, annual average daily traffic

Seite 156

200.000


HERRY 2011

Traffic load on selected road sections 2010 in [vehicles/24h] Annual average work day traffic (AADTw (mo-fr)) Motorway St. Pölten Haid Laßnitzhöhe Villach Bruckneudorf Selzthaltunnel Spittal-Drau St. Martin Kufstein Matrei-Brenner Dornbirn Wien-Handelskai

A A A A A A A A A A A A

1 1 2 2 4 9 10 11 12 13 14 23

Vehicles 3,5t HGV Number/24h Share in [%] 7% 5.977 16% 15.935 12% 6.815 17% 4.937 17% 8.455 23% 5.041 24% 4.094 19% 1.378 20% 8.383 21% 6.493 8% 4.119 7% 14.604


Total Vehicles/24h 89.780 99.197 55.576 28.731 49.042 22.136 16.869 7.438 41.430 30.425 51.122 199.303 HERRY 2011

Table 112: Traffic load on selected road sections 2010, annual average work day

Traffic load on selected road sections 2010 Annual average work day traffic (AADTw (mo-fr)) Wien-Handelskai (A 23) Haid (A 1) St. Pölten (A 1) Laßnitzhöhe (A 2) Dornbirn (A 14) Bruckneudorf (A 4) Kufstein (A 12) Matrei-Brenne (A 13) Villach (A 2) Selzthaltunnel (A 9) Spittal-Drau (A 10) St. Martin (A 11) 0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

140.000

Vehicles 3,5t HGV


HERRY 2011

Figure 118: Traffic load on selected road sections 2010, annual average work day


Seite 157

Seite 158

Map 22: Passenger car loads on Austrian federal roads 2010


Source: ASFINAG, own wn illustration

0 - 10.000 cars 10.001 - 25.000 cars 25.001 - 50.000 cars 50.001 - 75.000 cars 75.001 - 100.000 cars 100.001-150.000 cars 150.001 cars and more federal road boundary Car load: cars per day (AADT)

kilometer

Created by: Herry Consult, Steinacher Road network: ASFINAG Car loading: ASFINAG 2010 Map basis: BEV Map background: Verlag Ed. Hölzel H

Passenger car loads on Austrian federal roads 2010

7.3.2 Traffic load maps for the federal road network 7.3.2.1 Passenger Car loads

A14

S16

VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011 A12 A13

Source: ASFINAG, own illustration

federal road boundary

0- 1.000 HGV 1.001 - 2.500 HGV 2.501 - 5.000 HGV 5.001 - 7.500 HGV 7.501 - 10.000 HGV 10.001 HGV and more

kilometer

A10

A1

A8

A 1

A9

S 7

S37

A11

A25

A7

HGV loads on Austrian federal roads 2010

S36

S35 A2

S6

A2

A21 S4

A5 S2

S31

A3

S1 A23

A22

A4

Created by: Herry Consult, Steinacher Road network: ASFINAG Car loading: ASFINAG 2010 Map basis: BEV Map background: Verlag Ed. Hölzel

S6

A1

S33

S5

S3

A6

7.3.2.2 HGV loads

Map 23: HGV loads on Austrian federal roads 2010

Seite 159

Seite 160

Map 24: Number of passenger-trains on the TEN-network in Austria 2011


50

100

150

200 kilometer

Local and long-distance passenger transport Including tracks outside the TEN-network, which take over functions of the TEN network.

25

VIENNA

Source: BMVIT using data from ÖBB-Infrastruktur Betrieb AG and Raab - Oedenburg Ebenfurter Eisenbahn AG

2

1

0

boundary

1 - 25 26 - 50 51 - 75 76 - 100 101 - 150 150 and more

Average daily number of trains per section of track

Created by: Steinacher Trainstatistics: ÖBB und ROeEE

Number of passenger-trains1 on the TEN-network2 in Austria 2011

7.3.3 Traffic load maps for the TEN rail network 7.3.3.1 Passenger trains


50

100

150

200 kilometer

Including tracks outside the TEN-network, which take over function of the TEN network.

25

VIENNA

Source: BMVIT using data from ÖBB-Infrastruktur Betrieb AG and Raab - Oedenburg Ebenfurter Eisenbahn AG

1

0

boundaries

1 - 25 26 - 50 51 - 75 76 - 100 101 - 150 150 and more

Average daily number of trains per section of track

Created by: Steinacher Trainstatistics: ÖBB und ROeEE

Number of freight and service trains on the TEN-network1 in Austria 2011

7.3.3.2 Freight and service trains

Map 25: Number of freight and service trains on the TEN-network in Austria 2011

Seite 161

Seite 162

Genf nf

Mt-Blanc

Map 26: Transalpine freight transport by road and rail 2009


Marseille 25

50

100

Genova

100% 0,5 Mio t

150

100% 1,9 Mio t

200 kilometer

Firenze

Bologna

Verona

67% 26,2 Mio t

Trieste

73% 15,6 Mio t

27% 5,7 Mio t

in [%] in [mio t]

ROAD

Ljubljana

Alpine Arc C: Ventimiglia - Wechsel

Alpine Arc B: Ventimiglia - Tarvisio

Szombathely

Pécs

Sarajevo

95% 10,4 Mio t

5% 0,2 Mio t

Bratislava

Created by: Steinacher Map basis: BMVIT Map background: Verlag Ed. Hölzel

Zagreb

Alpine Arc A: Mt-Cenis/Fréjus - Brenner

in [%] in [mio t]

RAIL

34% Wien 9,3 Mio t

Graz

65% 12,7 Mio t

35% 6,7 Mio t

Volume of freight transport:

Venezia

Udine

Tarvisio

Tauern

66% 4,8 Mio t

Brno

Semmering Schoberpass Wechsel

77% 14,3 Mio t

23% Linz 4,2 Mio t

Ceské Budejovice

Salzburg

Felbertauern

100% 0,7 Mio t

Brenner 33% 12,9 Mio t

Innsbruck

München

Quelle: BMVIT; Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, Alpinfo 2009; own illustration

0

98% 17,1 Mio t

2% 0,4 Mio t

100% 100% 2,4 Mio Mio tt 2,4

Reschen

100% 1,2 Mio t

Stuttgart

San Bernardino Simplon

Alpine Arc

Gd-St Bernard

Monaco

93% 9,2 Mio t

Gotthard

53% 47% 11,6 Mio t 10,2 Mio t

7% 0,7 Mio t

Bern

Ventimiglia

100% 0,5 Mio t

Mongenèvre

Mt-Cenis/Fréjus

100% 7,6 Mio t

100% 10,2 Mio t

Lyon

Dijon

Basel

Straßburg

Transalpine freight transport by road and rail 2009

7.4 Focus Alpine crossing freight transport

7.4.1 Overview

Comparison of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria by routes and mode of transport 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009 in [mio t 1] Mode of transport Wagonload transport

Year

Unaccompanied combined transport Rail

Rolling Road

Road

Brenner

Reschenpass

Tauern

Schoberpass

Semmering

Wechsel

SUM

1994 1999 2004 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 2004 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 2 2004 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 2004 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 2004 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 2004 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 2004 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09

Rail total Sum

17,64

3,63

1,96

2,67

8,26

25,90

25,22

2,78

2,17

3,27

8,22

33,44

31,14 26,17

3,87 2,42

1,65 4,94

4,66 5,76

10,18 13,12

41,32

- 16,0% + 3,8%

- 37,5% - 12,9%

+ 199,4% + 127,6%

+ 23,6% + 76,1%

+ 28,9% + 59,6%

0,79 1,18

-

-

-

-

1,97 1,16

-

-

-

-

- 41,1% - 1,7%

-

-

-

-

4,67

4,43

0,25

0,67

39,29

- 4,9% + 17,5% 0,79 1,18 1,97 1,16

- 41,1% - 1,7%

5,35

10,02

8,19

4,10

0,88

0,63

5,61

13,80

12,18 12,67

6,26 4,79

0,98 0,47

0,80 0,67

8,04 5,93

20,22

+ 4,0% + 54,7%

- 23,5% + 16,8%

- 52,0% - 46,6%

- 16,3% + 6,3%

- 26,2% + 5,7%

18,60

- 8,0% + 34,8%

6,87

3,39

0,34

0,25

3,99

10,86

11,22

4,19

0,00

0,39

4,57

15,79

14,64 14,26

4,24 3,41

0,54 0,43

0,59 0,41

5,37 4,25

20,01

- 2,6% + 27,1%

- 19,6% - 18,6%

- 20,4% -

- 30,5% + 5,1%

- 20,9% - 7,0%

3,72

5,81

-

0,26

6,07

9,79

4,05

9,00

-

0,31

9,30

13,35

5,64 4,75

8,90 8,18

-

0,66 1,10

9,56 9,29

15,20

- 8,1% - 9,1% -

-

- 2,8% - 0,1% -

- 7,6% + 5,2%

-

+ 66,7% + 254,8% -

-

-

-

-

+ 19,1% + 27,4%

- 15,8% + 17,3% 6,00 8,19 8,76 10,43 + 19,1% + 27,4% 38,90 58,05 74,33 69,44 - 6,6% + 19,6%

17,26 20,07 23,27

2,55 3,05 3,17

18,80 - 19,2% - 6,3%

5,84 + 84,2% + 91,5%

1

Unit in net-net-tons (weights of container und lorries on Rolling Road excluded)

2

In 1999 the Tauern tunnel (road) was closed between 29.5. and 28.8. because of a fire.

3,85 4,60 6,71 7,94 + 18,3% + 72,6%

18,51

- 7,5% + 17,2%

14,04

6,00 8,19 8,76 10,43

23,67 27,70 33,15

62,57 85,75 107,48

32,59

102,03

- 1,7% + 17,7%

- 5,1% + 19,0% HERRY 2011

Source: BMVIT, HERRY Consult: Cross-Alpine Freight Transport in Austria, Vienna 2011


Seite 163

Transport type and mode of transport of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009 in [mio t 1] Import/ Export

Domestic 1994 1999 2004 Road 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 Wagonload 2004 transport 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 Unaccompanied 2004 combined 2009 transport Change 04/09 Change 99/09 Rail 1994 1999 Rolling 2004 Road 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 Rail 2004 total 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1994 1999 Road and Rail 2004 total 2009 Change 04/09 Change 99/09 1

Transit

Total

12,63

8,19

18,85

39,67

13,38

13,42

31,26

58,06

14,61

16,60

43,11

74,32

14,11

18,14

37,19

69,44

- 3,4%

+ 9,3%

- 13,7%

- 6,6%

+ 5,5%

+ 35,2%

+ 19,0%

+ 19,6%

3,65

7,71

5,90

17,26

4,80

9,17

6,09

20,06

5,04

11,48

6,75

23,27

4,25

9,33

5,23

- 15,7%

- 18,7%

- 22,5%

- 19,2%

- 11,5%

+ 1,7%

- 14,1%

- 6,2%

0,15

0,70

3,01

3,86

0,42

0,57

3,60

4,59

0,84

0,57

5,29

6,70

1,41

0,50

6,02

7,94

18,81

+ 67,9%

- 12,3%

+ 13,8%

+ 18,5%

+ 235,7%

- 12,3%

+ 67,2%

+ 73,0%

-

0,47

2,07

2,54

-

0,01

3,05

3,06

0,00

0,02

3,15

3,16

0,00

0,68

5,16

5,84

-

+ 3300,0%

+ 63,8%

+ 84,8%

-

+ 6700,0%

+ 69,2%

+ 90,8%

3,80

8,88

10,99

23,67

5,22

9,75

12,73

27,70

5,88

12,07

15,19

33,14

5,66

10,51

16,41

32,59

- 3,7%

- 12,9%

+ 8,0%

- 1,7%

+ 8,4%

+ 7,8%

+ 28,9%

+ 17,7%

16,43 18,61 20,49

17,07 23,18 28,67

29,84 43,99 58,30

63,34 85,78 107,46 102,03

19,78

28,65

53,60

- 3,5%

- 0,1%

- 8,1%

- 5,1%

+ 6,3%

+ 23,6%

+ 21,8%

+ 18,9%


HERRY 2011


Table 114: Transport type and mode of transport of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009

Seite 164


Modal shares of freight transport volume of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009 in [percent]

2009

68%

2004

18%

69%

1999

22%

68%

1994

10%

20%

8%

3%

23%

62%

0%

6%

4%

28%

30%

40%

50%

60%

4%

70%

80%

90%

Road freight transport

Rail: Wagonload transport

Rail: Rolling Road

Rail: Unaccompanied combined transport


6%

5%

6%

100%

HERRY 2011

Figure 119: Modal shares of freight transport volume of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009

Road transport volume by transport type of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009 in [percent]

2009

19%

2004

19%

28%

27%

22%

1999

0%

10%

54%

27%

26%

1994

53%

51%

27%

20%

30%

Domestic traffic

40%

47%

50%

60%

70%

Import/Export


80%

90%

100%

Transit traffic HERRY 2011

Figure 120: Road transport volume by transport type of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009


Seite 165

Development of Modal-split of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009 in [mio t1 and percent] Road mio t 1994 1999 2004 2009 1

percent

39,7 58,1 74,3 69,4

Rail Unaccompanied combined transport mio t percent

Wagonload transport mio t percent

62,7% 67,7% 69,1% 68,0%

17,3 20,1 23,3 18,8

27,2% 23,4% 21,7% 18,4%

3,9 4,6 6,7 7,9

6,1% 5,4% 6,2% 7,8%

mio t

Rolling Road

percent

2,5 3,1 3,2 5,8


4,0% 3,6% 2,9% 5,7% HERRY 2011


Table 115: Development of Modal-split of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009

Cross-Alpine freight transport (HGV over 3,5t HGV) on Austrian roads by transport type and utilisation 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009 Domestic traffic Number of loaded lorries Number of empty lorries Percentage of empty runs in [%] Average load in [t/vehicle] Average load in [t/loaded vehicle]

1994 1999 2004 2009 1994 1999 2004 2009 1994 1999 2004 2009 1994 1999 2004 2009 1994 1999 2004 2009

1.084.800 1.182.036 1.207.399 1.135.764 656.535 717.801 592.810 483.827 37,7% 37,8% 32,9% 29,9% 3,86 7,05 8,11 8,71 6,19 11,32 12,10 12,42

Import/Export 501.161 878.225 1.094.683 1.146.731 121.645 199.163 175.064 185.787 19,5% 18,5% 13,8% 13,9% 8,37 12,30 13,07 13,61 10,38 15,09 15,17 15,82

Transit traffic 1.074.714 1.892.392 2.650.063 2.371.359 115.804 132.787 148.684 141.232 9,7% 6,6% 5,3% 5,6% 10,21 15,44 15,40 14,80 11,31 16,52 16,27 15,68


Total 2.660.675 3.952.653 4.952.145 4.653.854 893.984 1.049.751 916.558 810.846 25,1% 21,0% 15,6% 14,8% 6,77 11,61 12,66 12,71 9,04 14,69 15,01 14,92 HERRY 2011

Table 116: Cross-Alpine freight transport (HGV over 3,5t HGV) on Austrian roads by transport type and utilisation 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009

Seite 166


Cross-Alpine freight transport with road and rail by group of goods (NST2007) 2009 in [mio Tonnen1 und percent] Road NST 2007 group og goods Products of agriculture, hunting, and forestry; fish and other 1 fishing products 2 Coal and lignite; crude petroleum and natural gas Metal ores and other mining and quarrying products; peat; 3 uranium and thorium 4 Food products, beverages and tobacco 5 Textiles and textile products; leather and leather products Wood and products of wood and cork (except furniture); articles of straw and plaiting materials; pulp, paper and paper products; 6 printed matter and recorded media 7 Coke and refined petroleum products Chemicals, chemical products, and man-made fibers; rubber and 8 plastic products ; nuclear fuel 9 Other non metallic mineral products Basic metals; fabricated metal products, except machinery and 10 equipment Machinery and equipment n.e.c.; office machinery and computers; electrical machinery and apparatus n.e.c.; radio, 11 television and communication equipment and apparatus; medical, precision and optical instruments; watches and clocks 12 Transport equipment 13 Furniture; other manufactured goods n.e.c. 14 Secondary raw materials; municipal wastes and other wastes 15 Mail, parcels 16 Equipment and material utilized in the transport of goods Goods moved in the course of household and office removals; baggage and articles accompanying travellers; motor vehicles 17 being moved for repair; other non market goods n.e.c. Grouped goods: a mixture of types of goods which are 18 transported together 19 20 1

Unidentifiable goods: goods which for any reason cannot be identified and therefore cannot be assigned to groups 01-16. Other goods n.e.c. Gesamt

mio t

Rail percent

mio t

percent

4,9

7%

3,1

10%

0,2

0%

1,2

4%

2,6

4%

2,1

6%

15,7 1,7

23% 2%

1,0 0,1

3% 0%

8,9

13%

3,3

10%

1,0

1%

2,4

7%

5,7

8%

1,2

4%

5,1

7%

0,5

2%

8,5

12%

5,4

16%

3,6

5%

0,2

1%

3,6 1,4

5% 2%

2,1 0,1

6% 0%

1,3

2%

0,9

3%

0,2 1,2

0% 2%

0,0 0,0

0% 0%

0,2

0%

0,0

0%

2,6

4%

0,7

2%

1,0

1%

0,3

1%

0,1

0%

7,9

24%

69,4

100%

32,6


100% HERRY 2011


Table 117: Cross-Alpine freight transport with road and rail by group of goods (NST2007) 2009


Seite 167

7.4.2 Example Brenner route

Cross-Alpine freight transport on the corridor Brenner by transport type and mode of transport 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009 in [mio t] Domestic 1994 1999 2004 2009

Road

Veränd. 04/09 Veränd. 99/09 1994 1999 2004 2009

Wagonload transport

Veränd. 04/09 Veränd. 99/09 Unaccompanied combined transport Rail

Rolling Road

Rail total

Straße und Schiene Gesamt

1

1994 1999 2004 2009 Veränd. 04/09 Veränd. 99/09 1994 1999 2004 2009

Import/Export

Transit

Total

0,28

1,87

15,49

-

1,96

23,28

25,24

0,18

3,09

27,87

31,14

17,64

0,12

3,56

22,49

26,17

-33,3%

15,2%

-19,3%

-16,0%

-

82%

-3%

-

0,57

3,06

3,63

-

0,55

2,23

2,78

-

0,77

3,10

3,87

4%

-

0,49

1,93

-

-36,4%

-37,7%

-

-11%

-13%

-13%

-

0,01

2,67

2,68

-

0,01

3,26

3,27

-

0,01

4,65

4,66

-

0,00

5,76

5,76

-

-90,0%

23,9%

23,6%

-

-90%

2,42 -37,5%

77%

76%

-

-

1,96

1,96

-

-

2,17

2,17

-

0,00

1,64

1,64

-

0,65

4,29

Veränd. 04/09 Veränd. 99/09

-

-

161,6%

201,0%

-

-

98%

128%

1994 1999 2004 2009 Veränd. 04/09 Veränd. 99/09 1994 1999 2004 2009 Veränd. 04/09 Veränd. 99/09

-

0,58

7,68

8,26

-

0,56

7,67

8,23

-

0,78

9,40

10,18

-

1,14 46,2% 104%

11,98 27,4% 56%

13,12

2,45 2,52 3,87

23,17 30,95 37,27

25,90 33,47 41,32

0,12

4,70

34,47

39,29

-33,3%

21,5%

-7,5%

87%

11%

0,28 0,18

-


4,94

28,9% 59%

-4,9% 17% HERRY 2011


Table 118: Cross-Alpine freight transport on the corridor Brenner by transport type and mode of transport 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009

Seite 168


Number of runs on the corridor Brenner by vehicles-categories and gross vehicle weight (HGV) 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009 in [1.000 runs] 3,5 - 7,5 t

>7,5 - 12 t

>12 - 18 t

>18 - 28 t

>28 - 38 t

3 52 94 57

19 27 30 31

15 30 46 44

31 48 67 59

269 68 83 20

Runs 1994 Runs 1999 Runs 2004 Runs 2009

>38 t

Gesamt

741 1.324 1.676 1.554

1.078 1.550 1.996 1.766 HERRY 2011


Table 119: Number of runs on the corridor Brenner by vehicles-categories and gross vehicle weight (HGV) 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009

Road freight transport > 3,5 t by nationalities on the motorway "Brenner" 2009 in [percent] Poland 10%

Austria 12%

Czech Republic 9%

Slowakei 4% Hungary 3%

Italy 25%

The Netherlands 3% Rumänien 3% Slovenian 2% Litauen 2% Bulgarien 1%

Germany 26%


HERRY 2011

Figure 121: Road freight transport > 3,5 t by nationalities on the motorway “Brenner“ 2009

Nationalities by transport type and HGV-type on the corridor Brenner 2009 in [percent] Traffic type

Germany Italy Austria Switzerland Slowakia Slovenia Czech Republic Hungary EU-27 others Others

Lorry type

Domestic

Export/Import

Transit

Lorry without trailer

0,9% 0,5% 96,4% 0,0% 0,0% 0,4% 0,4% 0,0% 1,4% 0,0%

9,8% 14,9% 48,2% 0,0% 4,0% 1,6% 4,9% 5,1% 10,9% 0,5%

27,9% 26,4% 3,1% 0,1% 3,8% 1,8% 9,4% 2,9% 23,7% 0,8%

18,6% 27,7% 31,7% 0,0% 0,9% 1,4% 7,3% 1,0% 10,9% 0,5%

Euro -class

Lorry with trailer

Semitrailer

Up to Euro 3

Euro 4

Euro 5

Total freight transport

36,6% 16,1% 16,1% 0,0% 1,4% 1,8% 8,1% 1,4% 17,9% 0,6%

23,8% 24,8% 9,0% 0,1% 4,3% 1,8% 8,8% 3,6% 22,9% 0,8%

19,9% 27,3% 10,3% 0,1% 4,0% 2,1% 8,5% 3,4% 23,4% 1,1%

22,0% 21,3% 14,0% 0,0% 3,6% 1,7% 8,7% 3,2% 25,0% 0,6%

29,1% 22,6% 12,3% 0,1% 3,6% 1,6% 8,6% 3,0% 18,6% 0,5%

24,7% 24,2% 11,7% 0,1% 3,8% 1,8% 8,6% 3,2% 21,3% 0,7%


HERRY 2011

Table 120: Nationalities by transport type and HGV-type on the corridor Brenner 2009


Seite 169

8 Energy and Environment The transport sector represents a significant source of pollution in Austria 32. The most important environmental influences, which can be related to transportation, are: · Energy usage · Pollutant emissions · Noise pollution · Land use · Soil sealing · Disruption of Ecosystem · Effects on the landscape To ensure that the national commitments set in the Kyoto-Protocol are met, the use of fossil fuels in transport will be reduced. The greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector have risen sharply since 1990, however, since 2005, they have declined by 10 %, due to the use of bio fuels, higher efficiency in vehicles, as well as the higher fuel prices in 2008. Concerning pollutant emissions of vehicles large progress could be made during the last years. The emission limit values set out in the European directives for cars and trucks, as well as the progress in the vehicle and fuel technology decreased the specific emissions of the vehicles (pollutant emissions per kilometre driven). However, due to the increasing transport performance vehicle-specific reductions (improvements) are more or less compensated. All in all, the emissions of all pollutants, released by the transport sector in Austria, decreased.

Energy consumption according to mode of transport Energy consumption in the transport sector reflects the increased performance of the last few years. The entire energy consumption was approximately 50,000 GWh in 1980, rose at the end of 2002 up to around 93,000 GWh and in 2009 to 99,000 GWh 33. This increase was mainly caused for the increase of energy consumption on the road. The consumption of diesel fuel rose in the years 1996 to 2004 by 97 %, from around 3 million tons to more than 5.9 million tons. In comparison with the EU-member states, the energy consumption in the transport sector in Austria, with 1,067 kg per capita oil equivalent is above the EU15-average (854 kg per capita oil equivalent) and the EU-27 average (762 kg per capita oil equivalent). In particular, Ireland with 1,331 kg oil equivalent per capita and Cyprus with 1,223 kg per capita oil equivalent are far above the EU-27 average in energy consumption per capita.

32 33

Federal Environment Agency: Environmental situation in Austria. Ninth Environment Report, Vienna 2010 Life Ministry http://duz.lebensministerium.at/, 01/03/2011

Seite 170


The Kyoto-Protocol The ratified Kyoto-Protocol came into force under the international law of the “Framework Convention on Climate Change“ (UNFCCC) on 2.16.2005. Already in 1997, at a conference of the United Nations (UN) in the Japanese Kyoto was negotiated, participating countries made their commitment to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. This should reduce the global warming of the earth‘s atmosphere and combat the worldwide change of the climate. The most important greenhouse gase are carbon dioxide (CO2), resulting from fossil fuel consumption, methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and fluorinated gases (F-gases). In the course of the Kyoto-Protocol, the EU has committed itself to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, F-gases) during the period 2008 to 2012 by 8 % compared to 1990, Austria’s reduction commitment is 13 %. In order to achieve this goal, the federal government and the conference of the capitas of provincial governments passed the “Austria‘s strategy to achieve the Kyoto target“ in the year 2002, which was adapted in 2007 34. To reach the objectives defined in the Kyoto-Protocol, the EU passed the directive 98/69/EC in 1998. On the 1st of September 2009 the regulation 692/2008/EC came into force. This regulation specifies the requirements for the requirements for emissions related to passenger cars and light commercial vehicles. Since the 1st of September 2011 only registrations of vehicles that meet the emission standard Euro V 35 may be allowed in the member states of the EU. The transport sector is contributing a large proportion of the greenhouse gas emissions in Austria. The emissions from the transport sector, which are to be assigned to Austria according to the Kyoto-Protocol, have increased by 61 % from 1990 to 2008 (8.6 million tons), while a rise of 35 % by 2010 (compared with the value of 1990) is defined the course of the climate strategy. The main causes of this trend is the rising transport performance in Austria and the fuel export due to the low fuel prices 36 in comparison to the neighbouring countries. Emissions of CO2 will be determined by the amount of sold fuel. The entire fuel sold in Austria generates CO2, which is attributed to Austria. Of the total 22.6 million tons of GHG-emissions of the entire transport sector approximately 17.1 million tons were contributed by domestic traffic and around 5.6 million tons caused by fuel export in vehicle tanks 37. To demonstrate this, both the emissions due to the fuel delivered in Austria (Kyoto-relevant), as well as the emissions that are actually emitted in Austria, will be shown in this chapter. The emissions listed in the following passages and their development, relate to those emission levels that have been issued in Austria. The difference which is created by fuel tourism has been already taken into account in these figures.

Air pollutants Various air pollutants are caused by road traffic. The most important pollutants are suspended particular matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) as well as ground-level ozone (O3) as a secondary pollutant. Road-transport related emissions cause damage on buildings and vegetation and affect human health. Especially PM are dangerous for health, because small particles are able to enter deeper pulmonary tracts.

http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/umweltsituation/klima/klimaschutz/, February 2011 Regulation 692/2008/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council from the18th of July 2008 on the approval of vehicles, implementing and amending Council Regulation 715/2007/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information on vehicles 36 37 Umweltbundesamt: Klimaschutzbericht 2010, Wien 2010 34 35


Seite 171

Carbon dioxide (CO2) Carbon dioxide forms during the combustion of carbonaceous fuels. The amount of CO2 emissions, arising from the transport sector are depend on the type of fuel, the distance travelled and the energy consumption of the vehicles. In recent years a reduction in fuel consumption of vehicles has taken place, due to technological development of engine technologies. Particularly modern diesel engines have a much lower fuel consumption than older vehicles. The reduction in fuel consumption for the single vehicle though is overcompensated by the increase in mileage.

Sulphur dioxide (SO2) The SO2 emissions depend on the sulphur content of fuels, are barely influenced by the technological development in the automotive sector. The amount of total emissions is influenced by the distribution between gasoline-and diesel-powered vehicles, because diesel fuel has a lot higher sulphur content than fuels for gasoline engines. The sulphur dioxide emissions of inland transport performance decreased from about 4,600 tons in 1990 to 200 tons in 2009 (road: from 4,300 tons to 100 tons).

Nitrogen oxide (NOX ) NOX is in addition to the hydrocarbon emissions a precursor for the formation of ozone. The emissions from domestic transport performance decreased by approximately 91,000 tons NOX in 1990 to 70,000 tons in 2009 (approximately – 23 %), of which in 1990 approximately 88,000 tons and in 2009 about 67,000 tons are accounted to the traffic on the roads. Particularly harmful to humans is NO2, since it affects the lung function 38.

Carbon monoxide (CO) Carbon monoxide emissions are produced by the incomplete combustion of fuels. The majority of CO emissions from road transport is emitted from gasoline-powered cars. Significant reductions of the CO emissions were achieved, particularly through development in engine technology and by improving the combustion processes in the engine. Thus, the total emissions from domestic transport performance in the years 1990 to 2009 of approximately 655,000 tons have fallen to about 141,000 tons (reduced by about 78 %), of which approximately 648,000 tons in 1990 and about 134,000 tons in 2009 are accounted to the transport on the roads. This decline was almost entirely due to a reduction in emissions from the gasoline powered cars. Apart from the technological improvements, in this group of pollutants the apparent trend towards diesel vehicles is noticeable because diesel vehicles emit significantly lower amounts of carbon monoxide.

Particles Particle emissions in combustion engines depend on the used engine technology. The particle emissions arising from the transport sector are almost entirely caused by diesel engines. The key factor here is the nature and composition of the fuel. The sulphur content of the fuels used contributes significantly to the emission of particles. The amount of particles emitted by domestic transport performances rose from 5,400 tons in 1990 to 7,100 tons in 2005, and is decreasing since then steadily and reaches 6,100 tons in 2009 (14 %). By small particles (PM2, 5) increases the risk for lung cancer or heart diseases.

38

http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/umweltsituation/luft/luftschadstoffe/nox/, February 2011

Seite 172


Ammonia (NH3) NH3 is a by-product of the catalytic reaction in the 3-way catalyst. Emissions of NH3 arising from the domestic road transport performance rose from 2,900 tons in 1990 to around 7,200 tons in 1995 and has been reduced in recent years by the increase of diesel-powered vehicles back to 1,100 tons. By the uptake of ammonia via precipitation and dry deposition acidification of soils and waters can occur.

Noise pollution With the directive on the assessment and management of environmental noise - the Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC - the European Union set an important step towards a comprehensive legal regulation of noise in the environment. The Federal Environmental Noise Protection Act (BGBl. II No. 144/2006) implemented this policy at the federal level into Austrian law. About 65 % (about 1.7 million) of persons affected by noise (2.7 million) in Austria in 2007 reported as the cause the traffic noise. Around 28 % of people affected by traffic noise argued that they were disturbed by the noise of trucks and buses. 14 % of people affected by traffic noise indicated that they felt bothered by the noise of two wheeled vehicles, 7 % through the noise of aircraft and 2 % felt disturbed by the noise of trams. Another 42 % indicated that they felt disturbed by the noise of cars. Thus, most people affected by noise felt disturbed by the noise caused by car traffic. The development of aircraft noise at the airport Schwechat showed for the period 1980 to 2009 a significant reduction of the noise zone (acoustic radiation area about 66 dB(A)) by approximately 70 %, however, the number of aircraft movements increased by around 253 %.

Smell, dust and soot About 53 % (1.6 million) of persons (3.1 million) are affected by smell, dust and soot in Austria in 2007, reported traffic fumes as cause.


Seite 173

8.1

European emission standards

8.1.1 Emission standards for light passenger and commercial vehicles Emission standards for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles with EURO 5 standard according to Regulation 692/2008/EC Euro-5-emission standards Reference mass (RM) [kg] Vehicle class

Mass of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC)

Mass of oxides of nitrogen (NOx)

Combined mass of total hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen (THC + NOx)

L1 [g/km] Petrol Diesel




L2 + L4 [g/km] Petrol Diesel

Group M

EURO V (valid from N1 1.9.2009) N2 1

Mass of carbon monoxide (CO)

Mass of total hydrocarbons (THC)

I II III -

all BM 3,5t hzG

Figure 122: Development of the European emission limits for the diesel engines 1990 - 2009

Seite 174


HERRY 2011

8.2

Energy consumption by means of transport and energy

8.2.1 Energy consumption in Austria Fuel consumption and change in consumption in Austria 1996 - 2009 1996 Super-plus 1 Eurosuper 1 Regular petrol Petrol total Diesel ² Fuel total

Super-plus 1 Eurosuper 1 Regular petrol Petrol total Diesel ² Fuel total

1999

2000

2001

Consumption in [1.000 tons] 2002 2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

352

266

224

171

108

87

93

94

77

61

56

56

48

49

1.108

1.120

1.212

1.240

1.250

1.311

1.445

1.531

1.492

1.467

1.423

1.436

1.477

1.644

1

1

1998

1997

744

706

694

636

623

600

604

598

564

545

513

474

311

150

2.204

2.092

2.130

2.047

1.980

1.998

2.142

2.223

2.133

2.073

1.992

1.966

1.835

1.842

3.023

3.280

3.545

3.892

4.262

4.675

5.175

5.742

5.936

6.264

6.155

6.296

6.090

5.952

5.227

5.373

5.675

5.939

6.243

6.673

7.317

7.964

8.069

8.338

8.147

8.262

7.925

7.794

96/97

97/98

98/99

99/00

00/01

01/02

Change in [percent] 02/03 03/04

04/05

-24,4%

-15,7%

-23,6%

-37,0%

-19,3%

+7,2%

+0,1%

-20,7%

+1,1%

+8,2%

+2,4%

+0,7%

+4,9%

+10,2%

+6,0%

-2,5%

-5,1%

-1,7%

-8,5%

-2,0%

-3,7%

+0,7%

-1,0%

-5,7%

-5,1%

+1,8%

-3,9%

-3,3%

+0,9%

+7,2%

+3,8%

-4,0%

+8,5%

+8,1%

+9,8%

+9,5%

+9,7%

+10,7%

+10,9%

+2,8%

+5,6%

+4,7%

+5,1%

+6,9%

+9,7%

+8,8%

1

from 2007 with admixed biofuels

1

from 2006 with admixed biofuels

-17,6%

05/06

06/07

07/08

-8,1%

-0,4%

-1,7%

-3,0%

-3,3%

-6,0%

-2,8%

+3,4% +1,3%

08/09

96/09

-14,7%

2,2%

-86,2%

+0,9%

+2,8%

+11,3%

+48,3%

-7,5%

-34,5%

-51,8%

-79,9%

-3,9%

-1,3%

-6,7%

+0,4%

-16,4%

+5,5%

-1,7%

+2,3%

-3,3%

-2,3%

+96,9%

+3,3%

-2,3%

+1,4%

-4,1%

-1,7%

+49,1% HERRY 2010

Source: WKO, Fachverband der Mineralölindustrie, diverse annual reports

Table 123: Fuel consumption and change in consumption in Austria 1996 - 2009

Development of fuel consumption by types of fuel in Austria 1996 - 2009 in [percent] 100% 90% 80% 70%

58%

61%

62%

66%

68%

70%

71%

72%

74%

75%

10%

9%

8%

8%

7%

7%

6%

19%

18%

18%

17%

60%

71%

73%

75%

4%

3% 6% 4%

2% 4%

76%

50% 40% 14% 30% 20%

21%

13%

21%

12%

21%

10% 0%

11%

21%

20%

20%

20%

14%

18%

7%

5%

4%

3%

2%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Super-plus without biogenic fuels

Super-plus with biogenic fuels

Eurosuper without biogenic fuels

Eurosuper with biogenic fuels

Regular petrol leaded

Regular petrol unleaded

Diesel without biogenic fuels

Diesel with biogenic fuels

Source: WKO, Fachverband der Mineralölindustrie, diverse annual reports

1% 2%

21%

2009

HERRY 2011

Figure 123: Development of fuel consumption by types of fuel in Austria 1996 - 2009


Seite 175

Energy efficiency by means of transport in Austria 1990 - 2009 in [kWh/vehicle-km] Cars 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

0,80 0,79 0,79 0,78 0,78 0,77 0,77 0,76 0,75 0,74 0,72 0,71 0,70 0,69 0,68 0,67 0,66 0,65 0,65 0,64

Light commercial vehicles (LCV) 1,20 1,20 1,20 1,20 1,20 1,20 1,20 1,20 1,19 1,19 1,19 1,17 1,16 1,15 1,14 1,13 1,12 1,11 1,10 1,09

Heavy commercial vehicles (HCV) 2,91 2,89 2,88 2,88 2,84 2,82 2,78 2,74 2,71 2,70 2,67 2,68 2,68 2,68 2,69 2,71 2,71 2,72 2,70 2,70

Mopeds and motorcycles 0,30 0,31 0,32 0,32 0,33 0,34 0,35 0,36 0,36 0,37 0,37 0,38 0,38 0,38 0,38 0,38 0,38 0,38 0,38 0,38


Table 124: Energy efficiency by means of transport in Austria 1990 - 2009

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HERRY 2011

8.2.2 Energy consumption in the EU-countries Energy consumption in transport in the EU by means of transport 2007 in [Mtoe 1] Road BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27 1

Inland shipping

Rail

Air traffic

Change 03/07

TOTAL

8,2 51,3 42,7 39,1 2,2 11,6 4,4 4,6 40,4 6,8 33,7 6,1

0,2 1,8 1,3 1,0 0,0 0,2 0,1 0,0 1,4 0,1 1,1 0,1

0,2 0,2 0,3 0,2 n/a 0,2 0,1 0,0 1,5 0,7 1,5 0,0

1,0 9,1 7,3 4,2 0,4 3,7 1,0 1,0 13,0 1,3 5,9 1,0

9,6 62,4 51,5 44,6 2,6 15,8 5,6 5,7 56,2 8,8 42,1 7,2

-5,1% +0,3% +0,4% +3,6% +13,9% +7,3% +13,5% +30,5% +7,7% +12,9% +14,7% +1,6%

7,8

0,3

0,0

0,7

8,8

+19,4%

4,1 7,5

0,1 0,3

0,2 0,1

0,7 0,9

5,1 8,8

+11,9% +8,6%

270,5

7,8

5,3

51,2

334,8

+5,7%

6,0 0,8 0,7 1,2 1,6 4,3 0,2 13,9 1,7 1,9 2,4 4,1

0,3 0,0 n/a 0,1 0,1 0,2 n/a 0,5 0,0 0,1 0,1 0,3

0,0 0,0 n/a 0,0 0,0 0,0 n/a 0,0 n/a n/a n/a 0,1

0,4 0,1 0,3 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,4 0,0 0,0 0,2 0,2

6,6 0,9 1,0 1,3 1,8 4,7 0,2 14,8 1,8 2,0 2,7 4,7

+14,3% +43,7% -4,8% +48,1% +49,4% +29,8% -18,6% +33,4% +34,9% +18,9% -

309,1

9,4

5,4

53,4

377,2

HERRY 2011

Mtoe (mio tons of oil equivalent); 1kg oil (ROE) = 10.000 kcal = 41.868 kJ = 11,63 kWh

Source: Eurostat; EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures - Statistical pocketbook 2005 and 2010

Table 125: Energy consumption in transport in the EU by means of transport 2007

Energy consumption per inhabitant of transport in the EU 2007 [kg oe per capita] 1.400

1.200

1.000

kg oe/capita

EU-15-Average 800

EU-27-Average 600

400

200 (*)

0

LU IE

AT DK FI

SE NL ES GB BE FR GR DE

IT

PT

CY

SI

CZ EE MT LV

LT HU PL SK BG RO

(*) Luxembourg is not included, because of the outstanding value of engery consumption by Luxembourg hauliers. Value: 5.501 kg oe per capita Source: Eurostat; EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures - Statistical pocketbook 2010; own calculations

Figure 124:

HERRY 2011

Energy consumption per inhabitant of transport in the EU 2007


Seite 177

Final energy consumption in the EU by sectors 2007 in [Mtoe] Industry BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE

12,3 57,4 33,7 41,5 1,0 14,6 2,9 2,6 32,7 4,6 26,7 5,9 8,5 12,9 12,8 270,1 9,5 0,7 0,3 0,7 1,1 3,4 0,0 18,0 1,6 4,4 3,9 9,1 322,9

EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

Housholds, Services etc.

Traffic 9,6 62,4 51,5 44,6 2,6 15,8 5,6 5,7 56,2 8,8 42,1 7,2 8,8 5,1 8,8 334,8 6,6 0,9 1,0 1,3 1,8 4,7 0,2 14,8 1,8 2,0 2,7 4,7 377,2

Total consumption

12,9 90,5 68,8 46,0 0,8 21,0 7,2 4,9 59,0 8,6 29,9 5,7 9,2 8,5 11,8 384,9 9,6 1,5 0,6 2,3 2,1 8,9 0,1 28,5 1,5 4,1 3,2 10,2 457,6

34,9 210,3 154,0 132,1 4,4 51,3 15,7 13,2 147,9 22,0 98,7 18,8 26,5 26,6 33,5 989,9 25,8 3,0 1,9 4,4 5,0 16,9 0,4 61,2 4,9 10,5 9,8 24,0 1.157,7 HERRY 2010

Source: Eurostat; EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures Statistical pocketbook 2010

Table 126: Final energy consumption in the EU by sectors 2007

Final energy consumption by sectors in the EU 2007 in [Mtoe] 240 210 180

Mtoe

150 120 90 60 30 DE

FR GB

IT

ES NL BE

SE

FI

AT GR PT DK Industry

Traffic

IE

LU

PL

CZ RO HU SK BG LT

Seite 178

LV

EE

Households, services, etc.

Source: Eurostat; EU-DG TREN, Energy and Transport in Figures - Statistical pocketbook 2010

Figure 125:

SI

Final energy consumption by sectors in the EU 2007


HERRY 2011

8.3

Emissions

8.3.1 Emissions in Austria (emitted in the inland)

Emissions by groups of polluters in Austria and shares of transport emissions 1990 - 2009 (exclusively emitted in the inland*) 1990 in [1.000 t]

Sulphur dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen oxides (NOX) Carbon monoxide (CO) Hydrocarbon without methane (NMVOC) Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Total

1

1995 in [%]

in [1.000 t]

73,7

Road traffic Other traffic

2

Total Other traffic

Other traffic

Other traffic

Other traffic

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,3%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,4%

0,1

0,3%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,5%

0,1

0,5%

3,0

609,2 46,7% 6,6

0,9

Road traffic

Ammonia (NH3)

Road traffic

Nitrous oxide (N2O)

Road traffic

Other traffic

2

Total 2

Total 2

831,1

0,8%

18,4 11,4% 0,8

0,5%

15.864,8 22,2% 648,4

0,9%

4,5

6,6

2,8%

150,3 23,2%

1,0%

6,7

1,0%

3,9

2,7%

133,7 21,8% 6,7

1,1%

121,8

148,9

157,8

66,5 45,8% 614,8

647,0

167,4 25,0%

0,9%

16,4

9,6%

14,6

9,3%

13,2

8,9%

11,8

9,7%

0,8

0,5%

0,8

0,5%

0,8

0,5%

0,7

0,6%

15.633,3 22,3% 772,1

15.795,3 23,5%

1,1%

757,6

61.717,1

68.090,4

67.355,4

15.591,4 22,9%

1,1%

878,7

1,3%

14.803,3 24,0% 723,4

1,2%

269,5

272,2

278,9

283,8

289,9

315,0

189,7 26,5% 6,6

74,5 46,7%

2,5%

669,4

70.087,7

71.555,3

1,3%

4,2

170,7

161,1

15.383,4 24,3%

78,0 47,5%

2,6%

3,0

0,8%

3,2

0,9%

2,0

0,6%

1,0

0,4%

0,9

0,3%

0,8

0,3%

0,7

0,2%

0,6

0,2%

0,0%

0,02

0,0%

0,04

0,0%

0,03

0,0%

0,03

0,0%

0,03

0,0%

0,04

0,0%

0,03

0,0%

4,4%

0,01

0,0%

7,2 10,1% 0,01

0,0%

5,0

7,6%

2,3

3,7%

1,9

3,0%

1,6

2,5%

1,3

2,1%

1,1

1,7%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

17,3

18,2

17,5

17,4

17,3

20,3

21,3

63,2

62,4

63,0

62,0

62,0

65,1

71,3

2,9 20,0

Other traffic

0,8%

4,3

0,03 65,5

Other traffic

6,4

0,5%

79,2 47,2% 715,8

216,1 28,6%

0,6%

63.362,4

362,8

395,4

0,9

2,4%

755,9

35,2 20,1%

0,4%

14.298,7 22,7% 507,3

4,0

175,4

63.067,1

0,8%

6,3

60,8 27,1%

0,4%

80,4 47,9%

2,5%

385,7 39,4%

0,5%

224,0

20,3%

4,0 979,6

1.304,2

0,5%

82,7 50,5%

1,9%

145,4

159,4

164,2

167,8

167,9

163,9

82,4 50,6%

1,7%

503,6

Total

Methane (CH4)

0,6%

162,7

12.415,7 2

in [%]

20,5

22,4

24,8

in [1.000 t]

5,5%

61.197,6

Road traffic

2009 in [%]

0,1

1,0

Total

in [1.000 t]

1,7

68,8 25,2% 2

2008 in [%]

0,3

273,0

Road traffic

in [1.000 t]

4,8 10,2%

7,3

Total

2007 in [%]

28,2

27,2

31,1

in [1.000 t]

0,4%

647,6 45,2% 2

2006 in [%]

5,6%

1.431,4

Road traffic

in [1.000 t]

0,3

3,1

Total

2005 in [%]

4,1

88,3 48,7% 2

in [1.000 t]

46,5

181,4

Road traffic

2000 in [%]

0,5

2,7%

0,8

3,9%

0,9

4,6%

0,7

4,3%

0,7

4,0%

0,7

3,7%

0,6

3,4%

0,6

3,2%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,3%

0,1

0,3%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

1

What is meant in each case is the "National Total without sinks"

2

NFR Codes 1A3a air traffic, 1A3c Rail, 1A3d shipping, 1A3e pipelines, 1A5 other (military)

HERRY 2011

*) In years with fuel imports the inland emissions can exceed the emissions including fuel export. Source: UBA, Austria’s Informative Inventory Report (IIR) 2010 (1990 - 2009)

Table 127: Emissions by groups of polluters in Austria and shares of transport emissions 1990 - 2009 (exclusively emitted in the inland)

Development of emissions of all means of transport in Austria 1990 - 2009 (exclusively emitted in the inland*) 1990 SO2 NOx CO NMVOC CO2 CH4 NH3 N2 O Particles

1991

2000

Emissions in [1.000 t] 2005 2006

2007

2008

2009

1990 - 2009

Change in [%] 2000 - 2009 2008 - 2009

4,4

5,0

1,9

0,2

0,2

0,2

0,2

0,2

- 95,8%

- 89,9%

- 5,7%

91,4

85,5

86,7

84,4

83,5

82,1

79,0

70,4

- 23,0%

- 18,8%

- 10,9%

654,9

615,8

391,9

222,5

196,3

174,0

157,1

140,5

- 78,6%

- 64,2%

- 10,6%

69,8 12.919,3

61,7 14.806,0

36,1 16.214,5

19,2 16.513,2

17,2 16.405,4

15,4 16.552,9

14,0 16.470,1

12,6 15.526,7

- 82,0% + 20,2%

- 65,3% - 4,2%

- 10,3% - 5,7%

3,0

3,2

2,0

1,0

0,9

0,8

0,7

0,6

- 79,5%

- 69,1%

- 12,4%

2,9

7,2

5,0

2,3

1,9

1,6

1,3

1,1

- 61,4%

- 77,7%

- 16,8%

0,6

0,9

1,0

0,8

0,8

0,7

0,7

0,6

+ 2,6%

- 37,7%

- 9,6%

5,4

6,6

7,1

7,1

7,0

6,8

6,6

6,1

+ 12,9%

- 14,8%

- 7,9%

*) In years with fuel imports the inland emissions can exceed the emissions including fuel export.

HERRY 2011

Source: UBA, Austria’s Informative Inventory Report (IIR) 2010 (1990 - 2009)

Table 128: Development of the emissions of all means of transportation in Austria 1990 - 2009 (exclusively emitted in the inland)


Seite 179

8.3.2 Emissions based on purchased fuel in Austria

Emissions by groups of polluters in Austria and shares of transport emissions 1990 - 2009 (incl. fuel consumed abroad) 1990 in [1.000 t]

Sulphur dioxid (SO2) Nitrogen oxides (NOX) Carbon monoxide (CO) Hydrocarbon without methan (NMVOC) Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Total 1

in [1.000 t]

74,3

Road traffic Other traffic

1995 in [%]

2

Total Other traffic

Total Other traffic

Total Other traffic

Total Other traffic

Total Road traffic

Ammonia (NH3)

Road traffic

Nitrous oxide (N2O)

Road traffic

Other traffic

2

Total 2

Total 2

in [%]

20,5

22,4

24,8

7,3%

0,2

0,6%

0,1

0,5%

0,1

0,5%

0,1

0,6%

0,1

0,6%

0,4%

0,1

0,3%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,5%

0,1

0,5%

3,1

7,3

1,0

503,6

125,2 60,9%

101,1 55,9%

1,6%

3,0

1,7%

4,0

359,2 37,7%

574,1 45,2% 6,6

0,5%

6,3

0,9

0,4%

0,9

507,3

0,8%

831,1

1,3%

134,5 60,6% 4,3

130,7 60,6%

1,9%

4,2

279,4 34,1% 6,4

0,8%

244,5 31,7% 6,6

0,8

0,5%

6,6

648,4

0,8%

22.629,9 29,4% 772,1

0,8

757,6

9,8%

0,8

0,5%

878,7

1,0%

13,1 10,7% 0,7

0,6%

67.626,7

21.430,2 29,0%

20.712,9 30,6%

1,2%

723,4

1,1%

269,6

272,4

279,1

284,1

6,7 122,7

73.929,2

1,0%

2,1%

166,1 25,7%

1,0%

14,7

0,5%

22.817,2 30,7%

1,0%

3,9 647,1

150,0

74.377,3

77.084,2

24.028,9 30,1%

6,7

16,8 10,5%

0,5%

108,5 58,3%

2,2%

183,1 26,9%

0,9%

159,4

18,9 10,9% 0,8

4,5 679,7

217,0 30,2%

0,9%

172,7

21,8 13,3%

119,7 58,9%

1,9%

719,0

770,5

290,2

314,9

362,7

1,7%

79.719,3

18.005,3 27,3%

15.182,8 23,7%

0,8%

0,5%

65.984,3

63.951,2

4,0

164,0

38,2 21,4%

62,9 27,8%

0,4%

0,7%

178,2

226,1

149,2 63,4% 819,2

953,1

1.269,1

0,5%

2,0%

186,2

203,4

215,6

221,9

235,2

205,5

180,7

3,0

0,8%

3,0

0,8%

1,9

0,6%

1,3

0,4%

1,1

0,4%

1,0

0,4%

0,8

0,3%

0,7

0,3%

0,03

0,0%

0,02

0,0%

0,04

0,0%

0,03

0,0%

0,03

0,0%

0,03

0,0%

0,04

0,0%

0,03

0,0%

63,5

62,7

63,5

62,6

62,7

64,7

70,8

2,9

4,4%

6,7

9,5%

4,5

7,0%

3,0

4,8%

2,5

3,9%

2,1

3,3%

1,6

2,6%

1,4

2,2%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

0,01

0,0%

20,0

Other traffic

in [1.000 t]

0,1

65,5

Other traffic

2009 in [%]

2,3

395,4

Methane (CH4)

in [1.000 t]

0,5%

13.286,2 21,4% 2

2008 in [%]

0,3

62.068,1

Road traffic

in [1.000 t]

5,7 12,0%

71,6 26,0% 2

2007 in [%]

28,2

27,2

31,6

in [1.000 t]

0,4%

275,7

Road traffic

in [%]

6,5%

648,8 45,3% 2

2006

in [1.000 t]

0,3

1.432,7

Road traffic

2005 in [%]

4,8

101,9 52,4% 2

in [1.000 t]

47,4

194,4

Road traffic

2000 in [%]

17,5

18,4

17,8

17,7

17,5

20,3

21,3

0,6

2,8%

0,8

3,8%

0,9

4,5%

1,0

5,8%

0,9

5,3%

0,9

5,0%

0,8

4,2%

0,7

4,1%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,3%

0,1

0,3%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

0,1

0,4%

1

What is meant in each case is the "National Total without sinks"

2

NFR Codes 1A3a air traffic, 1A3c Rail, 1A3d shipping, 1A3e pipelines, 1A5 other (military)

HERRY 2011


Table 129: Emissions by groups of polluters in Austria and shares of transport emissions 1990 - 2009 (incl. fuel consumed abroad)

Development of emissions of all means of transport in Austria 1990 - 2009 (incl. fuel consumed abroad) Emissions in [1.000 t] 1990 SO2 NOx CO NMVOC CO2 CH4 NH3 N2 O Particle

1995

2000

2005

2006

Change in [%] 2007

2008

2009

1990 - 2009

2000 - 2009

2008 - 2009

5,2

6,0

2,5

0,3

0,2

0,2

0,2

0,2

- 95,6%

- 90,8%

- 4,2%

104,9

104,1

129,2

153,2

138,8

134,8

124,2

112,4

+ 7,1%

- 13,0%

- 9,6%

656,1

580,7

365,5

285,8

251,1

223,6

189,8

172,8

- 73,7%

- 52,7%

- 9,0%

72,7

63,9

39,1

22,6

19,7

17,6

15,5

13,8

- 80,9%

- 64,6%

- 10,7%

13.789,8

15.690,1

18.836,4

24.677,2

23.402,0

23.574,8

22.308,9

21.436,4

+ 55,5%

+ 13,8%

- 3,9%

3,1

3,1

1,9

1,3

1,2

1,0

0,9

0,8

- 75,1%

- 60,1%

- 10,7%

2,9

6,7

4,5

3,0

2,5

2,1

1,6

1,4

- 51,1%

- 68,9%

- 14,6%

0,6

0,9

1,0

1,1

1,0

1,0

0,9

0,8

+ 24,8%

- 20,7%

- 8,1%

5,8

7,4

8,1

8,8

8,3

8,0

7,5

6,9

+ 17,9%

- 14,7%


Table 130: Development of emissions of all means of transport in Austria 1990 - 2009 (incl. fuel consumed abroad)

Seite 180


- 7,8% HERRY 2011

8.3.3 Fuel export

Emissions from tank-tourism 1990 - 2010 1990

1995

Pollutant emissions in [1.000 Gg] 2005 2006 2007

2000

2008

2009

2010

SO2

0,74

0,97

0,60

0,06

0,05

0,04

0,04

0,04

0,04

NOX NMVOC NH3

13,93

19,11

42,89

68,53

55,20

52,60

45,21

41,00

44,79

3,03

2,38

3,15

3,22

2,37

2,01

1,44

1,24

1,24

0,01

-0,46

-0,42

0,73

0,62

0,54

0,33

0,32

0,29 HERRY 2011

Source: Umweltbundesamt; OLI 2011

Table 131: Emissions from tank-tourism 1990 - 2010)

Development of greenhouse gas emissions in road traffic from 1990 to 2010 in [1.000 tons CO2-equivalent] 30.000

25.000

1.000 t CO2-equivalent

20.000

15.000

10.000

5.000

CO2-emissions, including fuel export

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

1992

1991

1990

0

CO2-emissions, excluding fuel export

Quelle: UBA; OLI 2011

HERRY 2011

Figure 126: Development of greenhouse gas emissions in road traffic from 1990 to 2010


Seite 181

8.3.4 Emissions in the EU

Selected emissions of road transport in the EU 2000 - 2007 in [tons] Acidifying potential (acid-equivalent) 2005

2000 BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG Ro EU-27

Tropospheric ozone forming potential (in TOFP equivalent) 2000 2005 2007

2007

Particulate formation PM10 to 10µm (PM10 equivalent) 2000 2005 2007

3.516 22.997 20.507 17.977 229 3.806 1.926 1.435 17.170 2.977 13.284 2.513 3.001 1.751 2.543

2.836 14.742 16.861 14.255 185 3.057 1.603 1.263 11.775 2.838 11.834 2.148 3.513 1.403 1.904

2.731 12.867 15.863 13.428 176 2.692 1.510 1.234 10.047 2.524 10.998 1.988 3.104 1.271 1.753

290.639 1.765.501 1.872.098 1.955.807 16.531 298.827 169.685 117.615 1.493.722 432.079 1.154.410 248.548 225.196 184.950 237.998

218.350 1.109.751 1.326.428 1.337.491 12.076 233.686 129.893 89.424 861.840 357.169 938.378 192.988 241.643 130.233 167.119

207.871 959.145 1.158.717 1.201.555 11.481 203.541 116.111 84.309 712.732 237.401 845.196 171.400 210.778 112.402 148.478

147.466 944.502 870.727 728.449 10.625 157.796 78.281 56.986 702.258 119.616 553.835 104.800 119.937 75.875 111.320

119.692 618.892 724.009 586.161 8.768 127.733 65.942 48.417 485.935 116.244 503.298 90.434 145.453 63.979 85.227

115.293 542.301 681.242 556.527 8.499 112.366 62.712 47.728 418.486 102.531 468.444 83.600 129.666 49.050 79.356

115.632

90.218

82.186

10.463.606

7.346.469

6.381.117

4.782.472

3.790.185

3.457.802

4.390 344 474 363 570 2.210 102 6.253 561 774 831 2.103

2.281 282 235 491 828 2.800 72 4.900 440 859 2.154 2.321

2.057 259 227 512 1.114 2.465 60 5.453 456 727 986 2.987

337.117 33.342 21.816 35.619 69.516 229.034 8.956 496.900 56.554 78.510 94.493 243.346

191.818 22.624 18.399 42.222 65.626 257.378 8.044 439.435 41.068 75.318 169.912 231.546

167.288 23.513 17.175 39.145 76.482 239.348 7.144 479.906 38.254 62.505 103.951 267.763

176.715 13.352 14.794 14.711 24.165 103.309 4.184 245.250 21.088 32.691 32.508 78.532

91.798 11.063 9.716 20.503 32.732 127.842 3.914 215.541 17.876 36.520 85.770 93.818

86.074 10.624 9.344 21.144 43.366 114.316 2.470 240.350 18.673 32.229 41.514 123.079

134.606

107.882

99.489

12.168.809

8.909.859

7.903.591

5.543.770

4.537.276

4.200.986 HERRY 2011

Source: Eurostat, New Cronos Database, January 2011

Table 132: Selected emissions of road transport in the EU 2000 - 2007

CO2-emission (total/road transport) per inhabitant in the EU 2008 in [tons per capita]

26 24 22 20

tons/capita

18 16 14 12 EU-27-Total

10 8 6 4

EU-27-Road transport

2 -

LU IE

FI NL BE DK DE GR AT GB IT

ES FR PT SE Road transport

EE CZ CY SI

PL BG SK HU LT MT RO LV

Total emissions HERRY 2011

Source: Eurostat, European Environment Agency, New Cronos Database, 24. January 2011

Figure 127: CO2-emission per inhabitant in the EU 2008

Seite 182


8.3.5 Greenhouse gas emissions Emissions and target values for 2008 - 2012 by source of emission in the Austrian climate strategy (2007) 1990 - 2008 Greenhouse gas emissions in [mio tons CO2-equivalent]

1990

2007

2008

Target 2008-2020

Differences to target 2008

14,0

23,9

22,6

18,9

+3,7

21,3

26,0

26,4

23,5

+2,4

13,8

14,0

13,5

13,0

+0,1

14,4

10,9

12,0

11,9

+0,1

Agriculture (N2O+CH4)

8,6

7,5

7,6

7,1

+0,5

Waste management (CO2+N2O+CH4)

3,6

2,1

2,0

2,1

-0,1

"Fluorinated" gases (FKW, H-FKW, SF6)

1,6

1,6

1,6

1,4

+0,2

Other CO2-, CH4- und N2O- emissions (mainly solvent usage)

0,8

0,9

0,9

0,9

0,0

Traffic (CO2+N2O+CH4) Industry and producing sectors (CO2+N2O+CH4; incl. processes, without electricity supply) Energy production (power- and heat generation, refineries; CO2+N2O+CH4) Space heating (domestic fuel) and other small consumption1 (CO2+N2O+CH4)

Land use, changes in land use and forestry 1

-0,7

Sum

78,1

87,0

86,6

77,8

Kyoto-target value

+6,9

68,8 HERRY 2011

1

Preliminary estimate of the Federal Office over reducing potential of the activities according to Art. 3.3 Kyoto-Protocol

Source: UBA, Klimaschutzbericht 2010, Wien 2010

Table 133: Emissions and target values for 2008 - 2012 by sources of emission in the Austrian Abb 122 (engl) 1990 - 2008 climate strategy (2007)

30

Emissions and target values for 2008-2012 by source of emission in Austria 1990, 2008 in [mio tons CO2-equivalent]

mio tons CO2-equivalent

25

20

30 25

23,5

20

18,9

15 13,0

15

11,9 10 7,1

10

5 2,1

5

1,4

0,9

-0,7

-5 Land use, changes in land use and forestry

Target 2008-2012

Source: UBA, Klimaschutzbericht 2010, Wien 2010

Other CO2-, CH4and N2O- emissions (mainly solvent usage)

2008

"Fluorinated" gases (HFC, partly HFC, SF6)

Waste management (CO2+N2O+CH4)

1990

Agriculture (N2O+CH4)

Space heating (domestic fuel) and other small consumption1 (CO2+N2O+CH4)

Energy production (power- and heat generation, refineries; CO2+N2O+CH4)

Industry and producing sector (CO2+N2O+CH4; incl. processes, without power supply)

Traffic (CO2+N2O+CH4)

0

0

HERRY 2011

Figure 128: Emissions and target values for 2008-2012 by sources of emission in Austria 1990, 2008 Page 1


Seite 183

8.4

Noise pollution in Austria

8.4.1 Noise pollution in Austria by type of noise sources (subjective feelings of the interviewed persons)

Threshold values introduced for the planning of action according to the "BundesUmgebungslärmschutzverordnung" (BGBl. II Nr. 144/2006) [in Dezibel] road traffic air traffic railway traffic

Lden

Lnight

60 65 70

50 55 60 HERRY 2011

Quelle: Bundesgesetzblatt für die Republik Österreich (BGBl. II Nr. 144/2006)

Table 134: Threshold values introduced for the planning of action according to the “Bundes-Umgebungslärmschutzverordnung“ (BGBl. II Nr. 144/2006)

Persons affected by traffic noise by causing means of transport 2007

Lorry/bus 28%

Airplane 7%

Car 42%

Railway 7% Tram 2% Two-wheeled vehicle 14%

Source: Statistic Austria, The Micro Census for "environmental conditions and behaviour" 2007; own calculations

HERRY 2011

Figure 129: Persons affected by traffic noise by causing means of transport 2007

Seite 184


Persons disturbed by noise in Austria by type of noise source and federal states 2007 in [%] thereof Persons disturbed by noise total Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna

Lorries, buses

Cars

in [%]

Single-track Trams vehicles in [%]

Railways

Airplanes

Persons disturbed by other noise sources total

58.395

69,6%

23,0%

27,2%

12,7%

0,4%

2,8%

3,5%

in [%]

25.506

30,4%

84.353

63,5%

17,1%

26,4%

10,9%

0,5%

6,2%

2,5%

48.486

36,5%

344.680

70,9%

20,4%

27,5%

11,2%

0,1%

6,5%

5,2%

141.470

29,1%

276.761

66,4%

21,0%

28,9%

8,8%

0,4%

3,2%

4,2%

140.047

33,6%

107.736

63,3%

18,7%

22,8%

9,3%

0,3%

6,3%

5,9%

62.463

36,7%

243.212

69,3%

20,6%

30,2%

7,2%

1,7%

6,5%

3,1%

107.743

30,7%

129.432

60,4%

15,5%

24,2%

8,8%

0,4%

5,4%

6,2%

84.859

39,6%

64.591

63,7%

30,5% 25,9%

9,9% 7,4%

0,0% 3,7%

3,5% 3,3%

1,9% 3,7%

36,3%

57,0%

17,9% 13,1%

36.807

424.472

320.216

Source: Statistik Austria, The Micro Census for "environmental conditions and behaviour" 2007, Vienna 2009

43,0% HERRY 2011

Table 135: Persons disturbed by noise in Austria by type of noise source and federal states 2007

Persons disturbed by noise in Austria by types of noise source and federal states 2007 in [%] 100% 7% 2%

90%

8%

80%

7% 3% 10%

10% 3% 2%

70%

7% 2%

5% 3%

10%

10%

7% 11%

3% 1%

3% 2%

7% 3%

6% 1%

7% 3%

12%

12%

14%

6% 2%

8% 4%

18%

12%

7%

11% 9%

3% 2%

3% 1%

12%

2% 2%

3% 2%

60%

8% 13%

2% 2%

2% 3%

50% 40% 70%

30%

71% 64%

66%

63%

69% 60%

64%

57%

20% 10% 0%

B Traffic

Premises

C

LA

Other businesses

UA Construction sites

S

ST

Neighboring apartments

T

V

Leisure/tourists facilities

VIE Other noise sources

Source: Statistik Austria, The micro census for "environmental conditions and behaviour" 2007, Vienna 2009

HERRY 2011

Figure 130: Persons disturbed by noise in Austria by types of noise source and federal states 2007


Seite 185

8.4.2 Aircraft noise in Austria Development of the aircraft noise at the airport Vienna - Schwechat 1980 - 2009 Aircraft nuisance zone [LAeq >66dB(A)]

Aircraft movements/year absolute 1980 1985 1990 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Index [1980 = 100]

Area in [km²]

Index [1980 = 100]

38.808

100

34,24

100

42.034

108

18,48

54

57.002

147

15,31

45

66.500

171

14,26

42

71.170

183

13,49

39

75.775

195

12,91

38

83.460

215

14,58

43

89.319

230

14,42

42

91.834

237

14,86

43

96.674

249

14,77

43

98.241

253

16,16

47

106.531

275

10,74

31

107.761

278

9,92

29

106.451

274

9,64

28

110.624

285

8,55

25

129.461

334

10,37

30

133.317

344

10,25

30

137.354

354

11,08

32

147.070

379

11,58

34

153.054 136.909

394 353

12,11 10,36

35 30

Source: Flughafen Wien AG, Umwelt Aktuell 2009, Vienna 2010; own calculation

HERRY 2011

Table 136: Development of the aircraft noise at the airport Vienna - Schwechat 1980 - 2009

Development of aircraft movement and of treated area with noise in [km²] over 66 dB(A) at airport Vienna-Schwechat 1980 - 2009 40

160.000

35

140.000

30

120.000

25

100.000

20

80.000

15

60.000

10

40.000

5

20.000

0

-

Source: Flughafen Wien AG, Umwelt Aktuell 2009, Wien 2010

Area in [km²]

Aircraft movement/year

HERRY 2011

Figure 131: Development of aircraft movement and of treated area with noise in [km²] over 66 dB(A) at airport Vienna-Schwechat 1980 - 2009

Seite 186


Aircraft movement/year

Noise treated area in [km²] >66 dB (A)

Please notice the different measurement scale!

8.5

Pollution by smell, dust und soot in Austria (subjective feeling of the interviewed persons)

Persons affected by smell, dust and soot in Austria by polluters and federal states 2007 Persons affected by Factories: in house/ smell Traffic emissions neighbourhood total Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna

Factories: further away

Domestic fuel

Other sources

n/a

14,1% 17,4% 15,2% 8,7% 10,7% 15,7% 16,0% 16,0% 5,8%

13,0% 14,2% 14,8% 14,0% 11,8% 10,1% 13,8% 13,8% 13,2%

0,0% 0,6% 0,0% 0,0% 0,4% 0,2% 0,2% 0,0% 0,0%

Domestic fuel

n/a

17,3% 22,4% 16,1% 13,7% 9,8% 23,0% 29,0% 15,7% 6,0%

2,7% 1,5% 1,4% 1,5% 0,3% 0,2% 0,6% 0,7% 0,6%

in [%] 51,3% 36,2% 36,8% 48,3% 57,2% 42,1% 47,8% 47,8% 55,6%

50.484 80.130 280.619 239.598 70.516 217.791 107.415 50.673 390.501

14,7% 23,9% 24,1% 19,9% 13,3% 20,4% 16,8% 16,8% 16,9%

6,9% 7,8% 9,0% 9,2% 6,6% 11,5% 5,4% 5,4% 8,4%

thereof

Persons affected by air pollution

Traffic

Industry

56,4% 51,5% 54,7% 57,1% 68,4% 56,6% 57,2% 69,6% 70,9%

17,7% 22,9% 22,6% 22,9% 18,5% 17,2% 9,0% 10,3% 13,5%

total Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna

thereof

Construction sites in [%]

52.403 85.293 302.223 245.751 73.986 227.606 143.289 52.191 424.172

5,9% 1,7% 5,1% 4,8% 3,0% 3,0% 4,2% 3,7% 9,0%


HERRY 2011

Table 137: Persons affected by smell, dust and soot in Austria by polluters and federal states 2007

Key drivers of dust and/or soot annoyance by federal states in Austria 2007 in [percent] 100% 90% 80%

17% 6%

22%

16% 5%

60%

23%

23%

6%

10% 3%

23%

5% 19%

2%

70% 18%

14%

23%

16% 29%

3% 17%

9%

4% 10%

14%

4% 9%

50% 40% 68% 30%

56%

52%

55%

57%

57%

70%

71%

V

VIE

57%

20% 10% 0%

B

C

LA Traffic

UA Industry

S Construction sites

ST Domestic fuel

T n/a


HERRY 2011

Figure 132: Key drivers of dust and/or soot annoyance by federal states in Austria 2007


Seite 187

9 Traffic safety The issues of traffic safety and road traffic accidents play an important role in the Austrian and European transport policy. Transport safety strategies and programs provide very precise objectives concerning road safety and usually a certain number of maximum fatalities is defined. The strategy for the period 2011 - 2020 is, to bring Austria under the five safest countries in Europe 39. Into conformity with the objectives of the European Union, 2020 is to make Austria one of the five safest countries of Europe: · · ·

50 % fewer traffic fatalities (short term aim: 25 % by 2015) 40 % fewer seriously injured (short term aim: 20 % by 2015) 20 % fewer accidents with injuries (short term aim: 10 % by 2015)

In this chapter the data base will be, if not otherwise specified, the Austrian data of the accident data-base (UnDat) of the KFV (Austrian Road Safety Board) on the basis of the accident data sheets of Statistics Austria 40. The figures relate to all in Austria reported accidents with personal injury.

Number of road accidents and the number of injured and fatalities In Austria in 2009 there were 37,925 registered road accidents with personal injury. As a result 49,158 people were injured and 633 people were killed. Most of the accidents in 2009 occurred in the federal states of Upper Austria (7,792 accidents), Lower Austria (6,609 accidents) and in Styria (6,400 accidents). Most of the deaths recorded occurred Lower Austria (189 deaths). Looking at the number of road accidents in the year 2009 involving personal injury, we have Salzburg with 562 accidents per every 100,000 inhabitants and Upper Austria with 552 accidents per 100,000 inhabitants. Despite reduction in the numbers of accidents compared with the previous year - they are still well above the Austrian average of 453 accidents per 100,000 inhabitants. Upper Austria (733 injuries per 100 000 inhabitants), Salzburg (721 injured per 100,000 inhabitants) and the Tyrol (705 injured per 100 000 inhabitants). These 2009 figures clearly exceed the Austrian-European average (588 per 100,000 inhabitants injured). If one looks at the development of road deaths, as measured by the motor vehicle population from 1965 to 2009 and compares these developments with major changes of the environment, it is clear that a whole series of factors have contributed to this development. This includes the extension and the improvement of the road network, the technical developments in the cars, and in particular measures to increase the passive safety of the occupants of passenger cars, connected with legal rules, such as the safety belts or speed limits, such as tempo 130 on motorways, lowering the resident to 0.5 ‰ and the introduction of the points system. Additionally the emergency (helicopter availability) and medical (intensive medical care) equipment and surrounding conditions have been improved.. In 2008, with around 471 accidents per 100,000 residents, the risk of accidents in Austria was the highest within the EU. The second highest risk within the EU-27 was in Slovenia (445 accidents per 100,000 inhabitants). A similar image existed in terms of the people injured in road accidents. Only in Slovenia (617 per 100,000 inhabitants injured) was a higher risk to be injured in a road traffic accident than in Austria (607 per 100 000 inhabitants injured). Concerning rail accidents in Austria, the risk of being killed was approximately 8 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants, which is similar to the EU-27 average. The most deaths within the EU-27 occur In Lithuania (15 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants), Greece, Poland, Latvia, Bulgaria and Romania (each with 14 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants).

39 40

BMVIT: Österreichisches Verkehrssicherheitsprogramm 2011 – 2020, Wien 2011 At every accident with injured persons involved, standardised accident reports are filled out by the executive. These reports are sent to Statistics Austria for data storage.

Seite 188


Road accident victims - children & pupils 2,938 children under the age of 15 years were involved in road accidents in 2009, which corresponds to a frequency of 8 children per day. Thereof which 36 % were passengers in the car, 27 % as pedestrians and 23 % as cyclists. In total, in the year 2009 15 children were killed in road accidents. The number of road traffic accidents involving children has declined in the last 10 years (-26 %) and in particular, the number of children injured has declined. In the year 2009, there were 378 accidents with children on their way to or from school (with 3 fatalities). Most of the accidents on the way to school were recorded in the federal provinces of Vienna with 76 Accidents and Upper Austria with 75 accidents.

Road accident victims - seniors 4,611 senior citizens were injured in road accidents in 2009. Most senior citizens have been involved in an accident by driving a car (1,447 senior citizens were injured). 943 were injured while cycling and 868 while walking. A quarter of all people killed in road traffic were seniors. In total 159 seniors were killed in road accidents in 2009 (49 when walking and 44 when driving a car).

Causes of accidents The main cause of fatal road accidents is driving with excessive speed. In 2009 there were 187 fatal accidents caused by excessive speed and 91 by ignoring priorities when turning.

Road traffic control In 2010 the Austrian federal police detected 4,161,855 cases of drivers exceeding the speed limits. Fines were either collected on the spot or an invoice was sent. Of these cases, some 3.2 million were the result of radar measurements, 700,000 drivers were caught with laser speed checks and some 220,000 were caught by police patrol vehicles or Section Control Equipment. This means an increase compared to the previous year to 0.6 % (4,138,826 speeding in 2009) 41.

Accident costs In order to calculate the true cost of a motor accident for the economy or community, the costs need to be calculated using a tool such as “road accident costs“. The evaluation offers the possibility to compare the cost of traffic safety measures with the resulting benefits. On this basis one can set priorities for the most efficient use of the resources available for road safety. In addition the results of calculation form a substantial contribution for the calculation of external costs, and are thus input for trip costs, which in turn form the basis for tariff considerations in the transport sector. The latest accident cost calculation for roads is available for the year 42 is for the road for the year 2004 (including a continuation to the year 2006). According to this account the real cost of all road accidents in Austria in 2004 sum up to an amount of approximately EUR 10.2 billion. This sum includes both the internal (borne by the polluters) as well as the external (borne by the general public) accident costs. In the year 2006 the accident costs amounted to EUR 9.9 billion. Instead of “compensations for pain and suffering“ now the “value of human suffering in terms of safety in the circulation, minus consumption not made“ are considered within the calculations. As a consequence total accident costs and in costs per casualties increased, compared to 1993. This approach has been, based on the international scientific trend, among other things and, above all, in current research of the european research framework programs 43 44 45. 41 42

43 44 45

Quelle: BM.I, II/2/d - department of transport services Quelle: Herry/ZTL/KfV: Unfallkostenrechnung Straße 2007, unter Berücksichtigung des menschlichen Leids (Willingness to Pay) im Auftrag des BMVIT, Verkehrssicherheitsfonds, Wien 2007 HEATCO - Developing Harmonised European Approaches for Transport Costing and Project Assessment; EU-FP6. UNITE: Unification of accounts and marginal costs for Transport Efficiency; EU-FP5. ROSEBUD: Framework for the assessment of road safety measures


Seite 189

Accidents in rail transport, aviation and shipping In 2009 there were 989 rail accidents of which 103 of them were serious accidents. The number of fatal injuries at railway level crossings of the ÖBB is declining since 2007, but still 33 persons were killed in 2007. In 2010 by contrast, only 12 were killed. A total of 92 aviation accidents occurred in 2009 and 56 % of all of these occurred in the Sport or other air traffic. One third of the accidents was caused by scheduled air traffic. A total of 28 passengers and pilots or crew members were injured, among them 10 persons fatal. In 2009, a total of 26 accidents were reported on the Danube waterway. Among them were 18 of the accidents carried away injurious effects, but in no single case persons have been injured or killed. In 8 cases (accidents) were caused by collisions and the remaining 10 cases resulted from collisions with the banks or equipment, as well as running-aground 46.

46

BAV, Verkehrssicherheitsarbeit für Österreich, http://versa.bmvit.gv.at/, Februar 2011

Seite 190


9.1

Road accidents

9.1.1 Road accidents and thereby injured persons in Austria Number of road traffic accidents and persons injured and killed in road accidents by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009 Accidents with personal injury 2008 Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

Change to previous year in [%]

Persons injured


Persons killed 1

2008

2009

807 3.135 6.982 8.326 3.057 6.395 3.898 1.721 4.852

870 3.028 6.609 7.792 2.975 6.400 3.785 1.789 4.677

+7,8% -3,4% -5,3% -6,4% -2,7% +0,1% -2,9% +4,0% -3,6%

1.062 3.894 9.138 11.003 3.961 8.210 5.033 2.119 6.101

1.085 3.862 8.776 10.342 3.816 8.185 4.968 2.174 5.950

+2,2% -0,8% -4,0% -6,0% -3,7% -0,3% -1,3% +2,6% -2,5%

2008 29 56 174 139 47 109 71 27 27

2009 24 40 189 122 62 91 44 29 32

39.173

37.925

-3,2%

50.521

49.158

-2,7%

679

633

-17,2% -28,6% +8,6% -12,2% +31,9% -16,5% -38,0% +7,4% +18,5% -6,8% HERRY 2010

Died within 30 days after the accident.

Table 138: Number of road traffic accidents and persons injured and killed in road accidents by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009 Abb 126 (engl)

Road traffic accidents involving injuries per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009 700

579

591

600 Number of accidents per 100.000 inhabitants

1

2009


559

552

541

562

530 530

555

537

500

469

436 411

400

300

286

486

Federal average 2009

307

289

276

200

100

0

B

C

LA

UA Accidents 2008

S

ST

T

V

VIE

Accidents 2009

Source: KfV, Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2008, 2009; Statistik Austria; own calculations

HERRY 2010

Figure 133: Road traffic accidents involving injuries per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states Page 1 in Austria 2008 and 2009


Seite 191

Persons injured in road traffic accidents per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009 900

781

800 700

Number of injured persons per 100.000 inhabitants

733

695 690

750

721

681 678

717 705 578 591

571

600

546

Federal average 2009

500 400

376 383

363 352

300 200 100 0

B

C

LA

UA

S 2008

Source: KfV, Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2009; Statistik Austria; own calculations

ST

T

V

VIE HERRY 2010

2009

Figure 134: Persons injured in road traffic accidents per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009

Deaths in road traffic accidents per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009 16

Number of deaths per 100.000 inhabitants

14

11,8

12

11,7

10,9

10,3

10,0

10

10,1

9,9 8,6

8,5 8

9,0

8,9

7,5

7,1

7,4 6,2

7,9

Federal Average

6

4

1,6

2

1,9

0

B

C

LA

UA

S 2008

ST

T

V

2009

Source: KfV, Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2009; Statistik Austria; own calculations

Figure 135: Deaths in road traffic accidents per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009

Seite 192


VIE HERRY 2010

9.1.2 Development accident occurence on roads in Austria

Development of road accidents, persons injured and killed in Austria 1961 - 2009 Accidents with personal injury Index [1961=100] Absolute 1961 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 1

42.653 44.970 51.631 49.132 46.214 46.275 46.338 38.956 42.126 43.073 43.175 43.426 42.657 40.896 39.884 41.096 39.173 37.925

100 105 121 115 108 109 109 91 99 101 101 102 100 96 94 96 92 89

Persons injured Index [1961=100] Absolute 56.491 59.987 70.415 66.145 62.625 59.977 60.650 50.764 54.929 56.265 56.684 56.881 55.857 53.234 51.930 53.211 50.521 49.158

100 106 125 117 111 106 107 90 97 100 100 101 99 94 92 94 89 87

Persons killed1 Index [1961=100] Absolute 1.640 1.829 2.507 2.467 1.951 1.524 1.558 1.210 976 958 956 931 878 768 730 691 679 633

100 112 153 150 119 93 95 74 60 58 58 57 54 47 45 42 41 39 HERRY 2010


Source: KfV, Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2009; Statistik Austria, Straßenverkehrsunfälle 2009

Table 139: Development of road accidents, persons injured and killed in Austria 1961 - 2009

Development of road accidents, person injured and killed in Austria from 1961 - 2009 Index [1961=100] 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40

0

1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

20

Accidents 1

Persons injured

1

Persons killed


HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Straßenverkehrsunfälle 2009

Figure 136: Development of road accidents, person injured and killed in Austria from 1961 - 2009


Seite 193

Development of road traffic deaths measured by motor vehicle portfolio 1965 - 2009 Persons killed 1

Vehicle portfolio 2

1.829 2.507 2.467 1.951 1.524 1.558 1.210 976 958 956 931 878 768 730 691 679 633

1.696.478 2.063.237 2.594.220 3.172.623 3.563.555 3.974.374 4.606.888 5.232.046 5.328.410 5.419.073 5.505.927 5.575.677 5.646.882 5.722.624 5.796.973 5.873.281 5.981.075

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Deaths per mio vehicles 1.078 1.215 951 615 428 392 263 187 180 176 169 157 136 128 119 116 106 HERRY 2010

1

Died within 30 days after the accident; Number of persons killed from 1966 to 1991 converted into a 30 days period (factor 1,12) ² 1965 to 2001 with factor converted, because of break in 2002 Source: Statistik Austria, Straßenverkehrsunfälle 2009; WIFO-calculations

1. 9. 2009 strengthening sanctions against exceeded the alcohol and speed limits

1. 7. 2005 driving offenses - measures against risk-drivers

400

6. 1. 1998 setting the level of alcohol in the blood of 0.5 per mill

600

1994 obligation of child-seats

800

1992 operations with laser pistol trial driving license

Deaths/mio vehicles

1.000

1. 1. 1986 mandatory helmet for mopeds

1.200

1. 1. 1985 mandatory helmet for motorbikes

1. 5. 1974 speed limit 130 km/h on highways

1.400

1. 7. 1984 safety belts compulsory with penalties

1.600

Development of road traffic deaths measured by stock of motor vehicles 1965 - 2009 in [Deaths/mio vehicles]

15. 7. 1976 safety belts compulsory without

energy crisis, 25. 1. 1973 speed limit 100 km/h on main roads

Table 140: Development of road traffic deaths measured by stock of motor vehicles 1965 - 2009

200

1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

0


Deaths per mio vehicles total

Figure 137: Development of road traffic deaths measured by stock of motor vehicles 1965 - 2009

Seite 194


HERRY 2010

9.1.3 Road traffic accidents in international comparison Road traffic accidents, persons injured and killed in the EU and selected non-EU countries 2008 Accidents BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE UK EL ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27

Persons injured absolute

42.115 320.614 74.487 218.963 757 21.832 5.020 5.580 176.814 15.083,0 93.161 33.613

55.643 409.047 93.798 310.739 1.239 27.525 5.923 7.865 237.811 19.010,0 130.947 43.824

39.173

6.881 18.462

Persons killed 1

Inhabitants in mio

Accidents

Persons injured Persons killed per 100.000 inhabitants

944 4.477 4.275 4.731 35 677 406 279 2.645 1.553 3.100 885

10,67 82,22 63,98 59,62 0,48 16,41 5,48 4,40 61,18 11,21 45,28 10,62

395 390 116 367 156 133 92 127 289 135 206 317

522 498 147 521 256 168 108 179 389 170 289 413

9 5 7 8 7 4 7 6 4 14 7 8

50.521

679

8,32

471

607

8

8.474 26.248

344 397

5,30 9,18

130 201

160 286

6 4

1.072.555,0

1.428.614,0

25.427

394,35

272

362

6

22.481 1.869 1.392 4.196 4.897,0 19.174 876 49.054 8.938 8.343 8.045,0 29.307,0

28.501 2.398 1.963 5.408 5.940,0 25.369 1.172 62.097 12.409 11.040 9.952,0 36.177,0

1.076 132 82 316 499 996 15 5.437 214 558 1.061 3.061

10,38 1,34 0,79 2,27 3,37 10,05 0,41 38,12 2,01 5,40 7,64 21,53

217 139 176 185 145 191 214 129 445 154 105 136

275 179 249 238 176 253 286 163 617 204 130 168

10 10 10 14 15 10 4 14 11 10 14 14

1.231.127,0

1.631.040,0

38.875

497,65

247

328

8

367 k.A. 273 163

505 266 337 229

15 6 5 5

Selected non-EU countries HR TR CH NO

16.283,0 k.A. 20.736,0 7.726,0

22.400,0 188.069,0 25.556,0 10.868,0

659 4.307 357 255

4,44 70,59 7,59 4,74

1)

Died within 30 days after the accident; partly converted with factors to correct: France (6 days) +5,7 %, Portugal (24 hours) +14 %. Source: Statistik Austria, Statistical yearbook Austria 2011; International Transport Forum (ITF); International Road Traffic and Accident Database (IRTAD); European Commission, Community Database on Road Accidents (CARE); National Statistical Offices

HERRY 2011

Table 141: Road traffic accidents, persons injured and killed in the EU and selected non-EU countries 2008

Road traffic accidents, persons injured and killed per 100.000 inhabitants1 in the EU 2008 16,00

700,00

Please notice the different measurement scale! 14,00

12,00

500,00

10,00 400,00 8,00 300,00 6,00 200,00

4,00

100,00

Persons killed per 100.000 inhabitants

Accidents or injuries per 100.000 inhabitants

600,00

2,00

-

-

AT BE DE IT

PT GB ES SE LU GR NL FI Accidents

IE

FR DK

Persons injured

SI CZ MT HU LV CY SK LT EE RO PL BG Persons killed²

Inhabitants: Date 1.1.2008 ² Died within 30 days after the accident; partly converted with factors to correct: France (6 days) +5,7 %, Portugal (24 hours) +14 % Source: Statistik Austria, Statistical yearbook Austria 2011, International Transport Forum (ITF); International Road Traffic and Accident Database (IRTAD); European Commission, Community Database on Road Accidents (CARE); National Statistical Offices 1

HERRY 2010

Figure 138: Road traffic accidents, persons injured and killed per 100.000 inhabitants in the EU 2008


Seite 195

9.1.4 Casualties in road traffic 9.1.4.1 Casualties by age Number of casualties by age and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009 Casualties Pedestrians

Age 0-5 6-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 >74 unknown Total

Drivers

thereof injuries Passengers

Pedestrians

Drivers

thereof deaths Passengers

Pedestrians

Drivers

145 270 364 411 298 222 176 208 217 241 263 206 154 191 199 527 4

0 125 508 6.496 4.416 3.480 2.654 2.788 3.059 2.740 2.118 1.478 1.068 1.084 686 972 16

430 384 752 2.331 1.200 757 516 461 500 489 377 318 244 280 166 298 2

145 269 361 406 293 218 171 205 212 235 259 198 151 184 190 494 4

0 124 507 6.456 4.371 3.442 2.628 2.763 3.015 2.712 2.094 1.454 1.050 1.061 672 936 16

428 382 750 2.313 1.192 749 508 457 497 484 375 314 239 269 165 284 2

0 1 3 5 5 4 5 3 5 6 4 8 3 7 9 33 0

0 1 1 40 45 38 26 25 44 28 24 24 18 23 14 36 0

4.096

33.688

9.505

3.995

33.301

9.408

101

387

Passengers 2 2 2 18 8 8 8 4 3 5 2 4 5 11 1 14 0 97 HERRY 2010

Source: Statistik Austria, Straßenverkehrsunfälle 2009, Wien 2010

Table 142: Number of casualties by age and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009

Casualties by age and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009 10.000 9.000 8.000

Number of casualties

7.000 6.000 5.000 4.000 3.000 2.000 1.000 -

0-5

6-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

>74

Years

Drivers

Passengers

Pedestrians


Figure 139: Casualties by age and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009

Seite 196


HERRY 2010

9.1.4.2 Casualties by road class

Persons injured and killed Urban area Other roads

Secondary roads Accidents Pedestrian Injuries Deaths Accidents Cyclist Injuries Deaths Accidents User single-track Injuries vehicles Deaths Accidents Car Injuries Deaths Accidents Bus Injuries Deaths Accidents 2 Injuries Lorry3,5t Deaths Accidents Others Injuries Deaths Accidents Injuries Deaths

TOTAL

4

1

Died within 30 days after the accident

2

Lorry up to 3,5t with or without trailer

3 4

1

by type of involvement in traffic and road class in Austria 2009 Total

Motorways (A)

Expressways (S)

1.151 1.109 39 1.361 1.362 4 2.400 2.594 18 9.021 7.902 25 216 128 573 187 1 408 41 1 268 143 1

2.660 2.611 32 3.120 3.028 17 3.187 3.409 18 10.143 5.820 10 431 371 1 626 133 216 18 496 286 6

3.811 3.720 71 4.481 4.390 21 5.587 6.003 36 19.164 13.722 35 647 499 1 1.199 320 1 624 59 1 764 429 7

8 7 1 1 1 57 65 1 1.666 2.503 55 21 88 1 145 104 3 300 7 4 5 2 -

12 13 1 258 359 9 1 11 6 23 83 -

10.547

13.274

23.821

1.790

13.466 89

15.676 84

29.142 173

2.777 65

Interurban area Secondary roads

Other roads

Total

TOTAL

195 170 25 524 532 12 2.173 2.336 75 8.069 10.364 214 80 103 529 314 6 552 119 4 273 161 7

101 98 4 489 494 6 669 739 4 1.153 1.188 15 19 7 78 44 3 47 20 131 89 10

304 275 30 1.014 1.027 18 2.911 3.153 81 11.146 14.414 293 121 198 1 763 468 12 922 229 8 409 252 17

271

9.894

2.149

14.104

37.925

461 10

14.099 343

2.679 42

20.016 460

49.158 633

4.115 3.995 101 5.495 5.417 39 8.498 9.156 117 30.310 28.136 328 768 697 2 1.962 788 13 1.546 288 9 1.173 681 24

HERRY 2010

Lkw more than 3,5t and tank-trucks with and without trailer, articulated lorries Because of multiple involvements the column sum is higher than the actual number of accidents


Table 143: Persons injured and killed by type of involvement in traffic and road class in Austria 2009

9.1.4.3 Casualties by road user type Casualties by severity of injury and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009 Seriously injured Pedestrian Bike Moped Motorcycle Car Bus Lorry 3,5t 3 Others Total

Unkonwn injury grade

Slightly injured

912 1.065 862 1.147 2.337 75

318 633 514 435 3.103 56

2.765 3.719 4.259 1.939 22.696 566

90

86

612

Injuries TOTAL

Fatalities 1

Casualties

697

101 39 30 87 328 2

4.096 5.456 5.665 3.608 28.464 699

788

13

801

3.995 5.417 5.692 3.464 28.136

26

37

135

288

4

202

138

67

566

681

29

800

6.652

5.249

37.257

49.158

633

49.791 HERRY 2010

1


2

Lorry up to 3,5t with or without trailer

3

Lorry more than 3,5t and tank-trucks with or without trailer, articulated lorries


Table 144: Casualities by severity of injury and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009


Seite 197

9.1.4.4 Road accidents involving children

Child casualties

1

TOTAL

12 55 81 140 57 89 83 51 219

17 63 103 142 57 78 99 85 44

19 95 214 249 68 157 106 28 110

7 33 65 95 33 61 52 26 45

787

688

1.046

417

55 246 463 626 215 385 340 190 418 2.938

Children injured as ... Passengers in Cyclists Other cars

Pedestrians Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

by road user type and federal states in Austria 2009

Accidents with children as ... Passengers in Cyclists Other cars

Pedestrians Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

1

TOTAL

11 56 81 139 56 88 79 49 216

17 57 93 127 51 72 89 78 39

27 111 268 327 92 197 132 33 140

7 34 72 102 38 63 58 27 56

775

623

1.327

457

Pedestrians

Children killed as ... Passengers in Cyclists Other cars

TOTAL

62

2 1 3

258

1

514

1

695

2

1 1 1

1

237

4 4 2

1

420

1

1

358

1

187 451

1

3.182

4

1 2

6

3

15 HERRY 2010

Children from 0 - 14 years

Source: KfV, Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2009

Table 145: Child casualties by road user type and federal states in Austria 2009

Child casualties1 by road user type and federal states in Austria 1996 - 2009 120

5.000 Please notice the different measurement scale! 4.227 4.327 4.047

4.286

4.154

4.000

3.964

4.023

4.074

100 3.850

3.651

3.568

3.617

Children injured

3.500

3.433 3.182 80

3.000 2.500

60

51 43

2.000

37

34 1.500

37 27

26

25

40 22

1.000

25

23 13

500

12

1

15 20

0

0

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

Children injured

Children: 0 - 14 years

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Children killed


HERRY 2010

Figure 140: Development of the child casualties by road user type and federal states in Austria 1996 - 2009

Seite 198

Children killed

4.500


9.1.4.5 Road accidents involving pupils Pupil casualties1 by federal states in Austria 2009 Accidents on the way to school Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total 1

pupils from 6 to 15 years

2


Pupils killed 2

Pupils injured

6 39 49 75 24 35 39 35 76

6 43 50 82 24 37 45 33 81

378

401

0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 3 HERRY 2010

Source: KfV, Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2009, Statistik Austria, Statistik der Straßenverkehrsunfälle 2009, Wien 2010

Table 146: Pupil casualties by federal states 2009

Pupil casualties1 and pupils injured by federal states in Austria 2009 90 82 80

81 76

75

70 60 49

50

50 45

43 39

40

35

30

37

39 35

33

24

24 20 10

6

6

-

B

C

LA

UA

S

Accidents on the way to school 1 Accidents

ST

T

V

VIE

Pupils injured

on the way to school: accidents with pupils at the age between 6 - 15 years

HERRY 2010

Source: Statistic Austria, Straßenverkehrsunfälle 2009, Wien 2010

Figure 141: Pupil casualties and pupils injured by federal states in Austria 2009


Seite 199

9.1.4.6 Road accidents involving seniors Seniors injured and killed1 in Austria 2009 People injured total Pedestrians Cyclists Two wheeled vehicles Car drivers Car passengers Others Total 1

Seniors injured

3.995 5.417 9.156 19.779 8.357 2.454

Persons killed total

49

356 4.611

633

159

943 287 1.447 710

49.158

Seniors killed

101 39 117 235 93 48

868

20 10 44 25 11 HERRY 2010

Seniors: from 65 years

Source: KfV, Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2009, Statistik Austria, Straßenverkehrsunfälle 2009

Table 147: Seniors injured and/or killed in Austria 2009

Share of injured and/or killed seniors at all casualties and/or fatalities by type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009 in [percent] 60% 51,3%

48,5%

50%

40%

30%

26,9%

25,1%

22,9%

21,7% 20%

18,7%

17,4%

14,5% 8,5%

8,5%

10%

9,4%

7,3% 3,1%

0%

Pedestrians

Cyclists

Two wheeled vehicles

Car drivers

Seniors injured

Car passengers

Others

Seniors killed HERRY 2010

Source: KfV, Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2009; Statistik Austria

Figure 142: Share of injured and/or killed seniors at all casualties and/or fatalities by type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009

9.1.4.7 Casualties and seat belt usage Percentage of car passengers with an accident with/without seat belt by level of injury 2009 0,8% 7,4% 6,6% 10,7% 19,7% 81,1%

59,9% 59,9%

13,8%

81,1% without belt (total 1.892)

with belt (total 26.572) killed

seriously injured


unkonwn injury grade

slightly injured HERRY 2010

Figure 143: Percentage of car passengers with an accident with/without seat belt by level of injury in Austria 2005

Seite 200

Total


9.1.5 Reasons for road fatalities

Fatal road traffic accidents by presumable main causes in Austria 2000 - 2009 2000 Speed Violation of priority Carelessness, distraction Overtaking Alcohol Misbehaviour of pedestrians Overlatigue Heart/circulatory failure Safety margin Technical defects Others, unknown Total

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2008

2007

2009

322

321

321

302

296

255

219

230

219

106

115

102

126

101

112

94

87

89

187 91

83

84

92

80

68

52

71

68

71

66

92

67

83

83

74

60

67

73

59

46

48

56

73

62

57

38

42

47

44

32

40

33

45

47

55

48

52

47

45

42

45

50

34

36

49

34

40

25

27

25

21

15

17

10

19

15

16

13

15

16

8

9

8

7

3

4

4

5

2

2

7

8

4

4

8

3

3

3

4

3

117

103

93

91

88

91

56

46

54

66

889

861

872

848

818

712

664

644

629

576 HERRY 2010

Source: BM.I, Departement of point duty (II/2/d)

Table 148: Fatal road traffic accidents by presumable main causes in Austria 2000 - 2009

Share of presumable main causes of fatal road traffic accidents in Austria Comparison of 2000 and 2009 11,5% 13,2%

Others, unknown Technical defects

0,5% 0,8%

Safety margin

0,3% 0,9% 2,8% 2,4%

Heart/circulatory failure

4,3% 5,1%

Overfatigue Misbehaviour of pedestrians

4,5%

7,3%

5,6% 5,4%

Alcohol

8,0%

Overtaking Carelessness, distraction

10,3%

9,3%

Violation of priority

11,5%

11,9%

15,8% 32,5%

Speed 0% Source: BM.I, Departement II/2/d

5%

10%

15%

20% 2009

25%

30%

35%

2000

36,2%

40% HERRY 2010

Figure 144: Share of presumable main causes of fatal road traffic accidents in Austria Comparison of 2000 and 2009


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9.1.6 Road traffic control

Speed of cars and motorcycles on the high-level Austrian road network 2002 - 2005 Normal speed Counting station Haid Siezenheim St. Pölten Vorchdorf Ybbs Walserberg Lassnitzhöhe Traiskirchen Unterschütt Wernberg Ebreichsdorf Bruckneudorf Schwechat Linz Schölldorf Wundschuh Niedernfritz Spittal/Drau Ofenauer Tunnel Karawankentunnel Hall/Tirol Kufstein Kundl Landeck Kematen Brennersee Matrei/Brenner Pfändertunnel Hörbranz Dornbirn Alland Nordbrücke Praterbrücke Wels Bad Sauerbrunn Utzenlaa Mattersburg Röthelstein

Road name A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 A2 A3 A4 A4 A7 A9 A9 A10 A10 A10 A11 A12 A12 A12 A12 A12 A13 A13 A13 A14 A14 A21 A22 A23 A25 S4 S5 S31 S35

2004 102 km/h 94 km/h 120 km/h 123 km/h 124 km/h 121 km/h 121 km/h 120 km/h 114 km/h 88 km/h 120 km/h 110 km/h 89 km/h 115 km/h 108 km/h 120 km/h 120 km/h 67 km/h 97 km/h 102 km/h 118 km/h 69 km/h 107 km/h 109 km/h 67 km/h 83 km/h 121 km/h 63 km/h 108 km/h 99 km/h 123 km/h 102 km/h 102 km/h

2005 101 km/h 93 km/h 120 km/h 114 km/h 100 km/h 121 km/h 115 km/h 121 km/h 115 km/h 122 km/h 117 km/h 109 km/h 90 km/h 116 km/h 111 km/h 116 km/h 118 km/h 44 km/h 58 km/h 97 km/h 86 km/h 117 km/h 69 km/h 117 km/h 99 km/h 106 km/h 61 km/h 83 km/h 123 km/h 107 km/h 64 km/h 76 km/h 111 km/h 101 km/h 122 km/h 102 km/h 102 km/h

Share of car > 130 km/h 2002 2,2% 1,6% 26,9% 38,6% 28,6% 3,4% 29,5% 27,8% 31,2% 22,5% 23,7% 13,5% 0,4% 10,4% 20,1% 19,6% 30,1% 0,1% 0,1% 4,8% 8,3% 28,7% 0,0% 22,0% 1,9% 15,9% 0,1% 28,5% 26,8% 0,1% 14,7% 1,5% 1,9% 9,9%

2004 3,1% 2,9% 35,5% 45,6% 43,6% 39,8% 36,2% 35,5% 28,7% 7,4% 32,2% 15,5% 0,3% 20,5% 23,1% 33,8% 39,6% 0,1% 3,4% 5,3% 25,1% 0,0% 14,1% 14,3% 0,0% 0,7% 33,6% 0,0% 12,6% 2,2% 39,6% 1,7% 3,8%

2005 2,3% 2,1% 35,2% 37,9% 2,5% 38,3% 27,6% 38,0% 25,3% 39,0% 28,9% 14,8% 0,3% 23,3% 21,7% 28,3% 35,5% 0,1% 0,1% 2,9% 2,7% 24,6% 0,0% 26,7% 9,4% 10,9% 0,0% 0,6% 38,2% 24,4% 0,0% 0,1% 14,9% 2,1% 37,7% 1,8% 3,9% HERRY 2011

Source: ASFINAG

- ... no data available Car > 130 km/h … percent of the cars which exceed 130 km / h

Table 149: Speed of cars and motorcycles on the high-level Austrian road network 2002 - 2005

Seite 202


Counting stations in the high-level Austrian road network with a high percentage of violation of speed limits 2005 in [%] Share of cars over 130 km/h A 3 Ebreichsdorf A 2 Lassnitzhöhe A14 Dornbirn A 2 Unterschütt A 1 Ybbs S 5 Utzenlaa A10 Spittal/Drau A 1 St. Pölten A 4 Bruckneudorf A10 Niedernfritz A 2 Traiskirchen A12 Kematen A 2 Wernberg A12 Kundl A21 Alland A 9 Schölldorf A 9 Wundschuh A25 Wels A 4 Schwechat A13 Matrei/Brenner A13 Brennersee S35 Röthelstein A12 Hall/Tirol A12 Kufstein A 1 Walserberg A 1 Haid A 1 Siezenheim S 4 Bad Sauerbrunn S31 Mattersburg A14 Hörbranz A 7 Linz A11 Karawankentunnel A10 Ofenauer Tunnel A23 Praterbrücke 0% Source: ASFINAG; BMVIT

10%

20%

< 100 km/h

30%

40%

101 - 130 km/h

50%

60%

70%

131 - 150 km/h

80%

90%

> 151 km/h

100% HERRY 2010

Figure 145: Counting stations in the high-level Austrian road network with a high percentage of violation of speed limits 2005


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Traffic control balance by federal states in Austria 2010 Complains for alcohol

Infringement phoning

47.848 53.561 185.384 77.252 116.827 181.316 156.064 27.917 179.133

1.136 3.631 6.066 5.314 2.682 5.745 4.376 2.228 6.341

2.184 12.156 15.720 19.799 6.940 28.352 11.908 4.318 26.844

2.282 9.447 29.940 18.264 8.289 23.893 19.815 8.064 16.206

153 359 961 1.259 342 624 669 645 1.416

139.676 418.002 1.117.706 638.768 394.214 582.870 461.244 92.407 316.968

1.025.302

37.519

128.221

136.200

6.428

4.161.855

-20,5%

-8,8%

-6,1%

-13,8%

Breathalyser test Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Voralrberg Vienna Austria total Change to 2009

+5,7%

Infringement belt

Infringement child seat

Infringement speed

Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior (BM.I), Section II/2/d

Table 150: Traffic control balance by federal states in Austria 2010

Heavy vehicles and dangerous goods monitoring in Austria 2009 and 2010 2009 Complaints regarding heavy vehicles Complaints due to violation of legally regulated driving and rest times Severe defects of lorries and busses Monitoring on dangerous goods Violation against ADR-regulations Vehicles immobilized because of serious deficiencies under the provisions of the Dangerous Goods Transportation Act

2010

change to previous year

132.576

142.404

+7,4%

91.363

95.378

+4,4%

17.347

17.863

+3,0%

9.824

10.220

+4,0%

3.156

2.953

-6,4%

954

1.143

+19,8%

Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior (BM.I), Section II/2/d

HERRY 2011

Table 151: Heavy vehicles and dangerous goods monitoring in Austria 2010

Seite 204

+0,6% HERRY 2011


9.1.7 Road accident costs in Austria

Road accident costs in Austria 1993, 2004 and 2006 in [mio EUR] and [percent] Price level 2006 in [mio EUR] Medical costs Loss of production Material damages Costs for police Fire departement operations Legal costs Administration costs of insurances Other third party liability services Rescue service (2004 including air emergency) Loss of time

1

Price level 1993 in [mio EUR]

Change 1993 - 2004 Annual change in [%]

Period in [%]

113,5

206,0

-45%

1.790,2

1.359,1

32%

-5,3% 2,5%

2.232,7

1.702,7

31%

2,5%

41,7

22,1

89%

5,9%

11,7

k.A.

-

-

178,1

107,2

66%

4,7%

745,3

349,8

113%

7,1%

43,0

32,9

31%

2,5%

17,9

7,6

136%

8,1% -2,5%

9,9

13,0

-24%

k.A.

17,9

-

-

5.110,9

5.183,9

3.818,2

36%

2,8%

4.811,5

4.974,2

161,7

9.922,4

10.158,1

3.979,8

1

External single accidents involving injuries Accident costs without human suffering Value of human suffering (with respect to transport safety) ² Accident costs

Price level 2004 in [mio EUR]

HERRY 2011

) not registered at insurances, police or medical facilities

²) 1993: compensations paid Source: Herry/ZTL/KfV: Calculation of road accident costs 2007, considering human suffering (Willingness to Pay). On behalf of the BMVIT-Road Safety Fund Vienna 2008

Table 152: Road accident costs in Austria 1993, 2004 und 2006

Average accident costs (road) of one cost unit and/or of one material damage in Austria 1993, 2004 and 2006 in [EUR] and [percent] Price level 2006 in [EUR] Accident costs with human suffering

Persons killed

Accident costs without human suffering

Persons heavily injured

Accident costs with human suffering Accident costs without human suffering

Persons slightly injured

Accident costs with human suffering Accident costs without human suffering

Material damage (per accident)

Price level 2004 in [EUR]

2.676.374

2.461.345

1.399.440

1.287.004

316.722

291.275

60.811

55.925

22.722

20.896

3.036

2.792

4.431

4.075

Price level 1993 in [EUR]

Change 1993 - 2006 Annual change in [%]

Period in [%]

805.233

74%

4,3%

43.605

39%

2,6%

3.695

-18%

-1,5%

Source: Herry/ZTL/KfV: Calculation of road accident costs 2007, considering human suffering (Willingness to Pay). On behalf of the BMVIT-Road Safety Fund Vienna 2008

HERRY 2011

Table 153: Average accident costs (road) of one cost unit and/or of one material damage in Austria 1993, 2004 and 2006


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9.2

Railway accidents in Austria Railway accidents by type of accident in Austria 2008 und 2009 2008 thereof serious Number 1 accidents Train collision Collision during shunting Train derailment Derailment during shunting Accidents at railway crossings Damage at transportation of dangerous goods Injury / killing of persons by rail vehicles Injury / killing of persons by other accidents Fires / vehicle explosions Fires / infrastruktur explosions Suizide / suicide attempt Total

2009 thereof serious Number 1 accidents

177

2

125

148

1

128

18

7

13

3 2 -

159

-

140

1

150

38

167

43

35

-

28

-

55

39

67

42

145

22

55

11

36

-

48

1

134

1

120 1.177

98

-

-

120

-

110

989

103 HERRY 2011

1

Accidents with minimum one railway vehicle involved and at least one person severely injured or killed or serious damage in infrastructure or environment caused. Source: BAV,Vorfallstatistik 2008, 2009, http://versa.bmvit.gv.at/, February 2011

Table 154: Railway accidents by type of accident in Austria 2008 und 2009

Injured and killed persons in rail transport in Austria 2008 und 2009 2008 Killed

Serious injured

132

Linked railways Unlinked railways Connecting railways Inner city local public transport Total

2009

60

1

Slightly injured

Killed

Slightly injured

Serious injured

173

128

67

105

6

2

5

21

-

1

2

5

2

1

2

8

12

19

3

7

28

142

74

203

135

80

156 HERRY 2011

Source: BAV, Vorfallstatistik 2008, 2009, http://versa.bmvit.gv.at/, February 2011

Table 155: Injured and killed persons in rail transport in Austria 2008 und 2009

Injured and killed persons in rail transport at railway crossings in Austria 2007 - 2009 Railway crossings Infrastructure operators ÖBB

Private Railways

Branch line 1

with technical protection

Jahr 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010

Injured at railway crossings

without technical protection

Killed 1

Serious injured

Slightly injuredt

61

81

33

30

35

32

76

19

12

32

32

74

12

24

26

47

63

12

16

17

16 14 17 19 3 2 2 7

29 31 36 34 6 2 2 -

3 6 2 1 -

7 11 10 9 4 2 1 -

14 24 28 11 1 3 1 HERRY 2011

without suicide

Source: BAV, Vorfallstatistik 2008, 2009, http://versa.bmvit.gv.at/, February 2011

Table 156: Injured and killed persons in rail transport at railway crossings in Austria 2007 - 2009

Seite 206


Air traffic accidents Abb 126 (engl)

Air transport accidents by type of transport in Austria 1999 - 2009 100 90

86

82

81 80

72

70

70

66

62

72

67

64

60

52 50 40

30

30 20 10

14 6

8

5

7 6

3

7

4

1999

2000

2001

2002

10 9

7

2004

2005

non-scheduled traffic

12

10

6

5

2

2003

scheduled traffic

15

15

13 11

0

2006

2007

2008

2008

other traffic and sport traffic HERRY 2011

Quelle: Statistik Austria, Österreichische Verkehrsstatistik 2010, Wien 2011

Figure 146: Air transport accidents Page by type of transport 1999 - 2009 1 Abb 126 (engl)

Injured and thereof killed persons in air transport in Austria 1999 - 2009

35

25

30

25 15

20

12 10

9

9

15

9

8

8

7

5

5

4 1 1

1

5 5

5

4 2

10

4 1

1

2

2

2005

2006

Number of all injured persons

20

Number of all killed persons

9.3

5

2

0

0

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2007

Killed pilot and crew members

Killed passengers

Other killed

Injured pilot and crew members

Injured passengers

Others injured

2008

Quelle: Statistik Austria, Österreichische Verkehrsstatistik 2010, Wien 2011

2009

HERRY 2011

Figure 147: Injured and thereof killedPage persons in air transport 1999 - 2009 1


Seite 207

10 Transport costs and prices In the field of transport science and research the knowledge of costs and prices is becoming of growing importance. The knowledge of costs and prices in the transport and/or their development is for various economic analysis of great importance (such as impact analysis transport and market-based measures, etc.). In addition, the knowledge of prices is an essential prerequisite for comprehensive transport decision making. Since in Austria there is currently no comprehensive and detailed price indices for transport, the present chapter is essentially restricted to selected statistics related to prices of the transport system in Austria. In addition to the costs for the users of transport in particular, there are costs for the establishment and provision of infrastructure. A section of this chapter therefore deals with investment in infrastructure, financial management of miscellaneous information railways (as ASFINAG and ÖBB) as well as the development of payments by the federal government in the field of transport (public services, investment-investments etc.).

Distance-related tolls for vehicles more than 3,5 t (GVW) Since 1st January 2004 a distance-related toll for vehicles over 3.5 tons gross vehicles weight (GVW) is electronically collected in Austria on the basis of a microwave system. All the revenues from tolls (for 3.5 ton-vehicles, vignette) and special routes will remain at the ASFINAG and will be used for financing of the motorways and expressways used. The amount of the toll rates is calculated in accordance with the specifications of the EU infrastructure costs directive 47. According to this directive, during 2010 and 2011 these tolls are calculated based on three emission standards for motor vehicles over 3.5 t (GVW). From 1.1.2012 four emissions classes are used for motor vehicles > 3.5 t (GVW) differences.

Vignette Since 1997, all vehicles up to a gross vehicles weight of 3.5 t require a vignette for the use of all Austrian motorways and expressways. Between 1997 and the end of 2003 these vignette were also needed for vehicles up to a maximum permissible gross weight of up to 12 t. These vehicles are required since 2004, to pay the distance-related toll instead for the use of motorways and highways. The vignette is a time-dependent-based user charge, which, like the distance-related toll is collected by the ASFINAG and whose revenue also stays at ASFINAG and is thus available to finance the highways and highway projects. A vignette for either a year, 2 months or 10 days can be purchased. The vignette is for the vehicle and not associated with a person.

Special Toll Section In particular due to high operating and investment costs of sections of the main trunk road network in Austria some parts of the Alps are so called special toll routes (Arlberg 1978, Brenner motorway since 1968, Pyhrn motorway, Bosruckabschnitt, Gleinalmabschnitt, since 1983 and 1978, Tauern motorway Summit Level section since 1974, Karawankentunnel since 1991). In these sections all of vehicles have to pay a toll. The handling of the vehicles over 3.5 tons GVW is made since 2004 in the system of the legal basis for tolls. The collection of the tolls for cars is done manually via the toll booths, but automatic systems are being installed.

47

Directive 2006/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 amending Directive 1999/62/EC on the charging of heavy goods vehicles for the use of certain infrastructures

Seite 208


Engine-related insurance tax and car road tax The engine-related insurance tax is a fixed sum based on the type of vehicle and the time period for which the vehicle insurance is valid. It is foreseen for the following registered vehicles and is in accordance with Austrian law : · for motor cycles over 100 cm³ capacity · for cars and estate wagons as well as for · for all other motor vehicles with a gross vehilces weight up to 3,5 tons (with exclusions for farming tractors and similar vehicles). Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight exceeding 3.5 t pay monthly a motor vehicle tax depending on the registered total weight (instead of the engine-related insurance tax).

Fuel price in Austria The prices of euro-super and diesel in Austria in January 2011 were under the EU-27 average-cut. In the pricing for diesel, the UK took a special position (GB: EUR 1.58 per litre, the EU-27 average: EUR 1.3 per litre). Also in Italy (EUR 1.32 per litre of diesel fuel) and Germany (EUR 1.31 per litre of diesel fuel) the prices for diesel and Euro super were well above the prices in Austria. The long-term development of the fuel prices is characterised by the “1st Oil shock“ of 1973, as well as the “2nd oil price crisis in“ of 1980, which was also the occasion for energy saving law and consumption-standards. So, the price of regular gasoline from 1955 to 1973 was in the range of 28 cents per litre. With the oil crisis in 1973 prices went up to 42 cents. Then, in the year 1980 due to the 2nd oil price crisis, the price increased from 51 to 72 cents per litre. In the late 1980s the oil market had recovered and the price decreased to 58 cents in 1988. The current price continues to rise significantly from the January 2011 price of EUR 1.21 per litre. The real fuel prices, in contrast to pump prices, has in fact fallen in the period from 1955 to 2005. The lowest real fuel prices (at constant prices - reference year 2005) for all fuel types were at the end of the 1960‘s or at the beginning of the 70 years before the ”1st Oil price shock“ before-advertises. In the course of the first and second oil crisis, the price of fuel increased constantly (e.g. diesel fuel from 1970 to 1981 of EUR 0.66 per litre to EUR 1.28 per litre at prices 2005). From the middle of the 1980‘s the real fuel prices decreased until the mid 90 years back strongly (diesel 1995 to EUR 0.69 euro per litre, regular gasoline to EUR only 0.93, per litre, at 2005 prices). In 2008, the increase in real fuel prices reached its maximum due to the economic crisis (diesel and petrol EUR 1.16 & EUR 1.13). In the following year real fuel prices decreased significantly, but since 2009 crude oil prices are rising again. Additionally the mineral oil tax was raised by 5 cents (diesel) and 4 cents (regular gasoline) by 1st January of 2011. The commuter compensation has been increased by 10 %.

Revenue and expenditure of the Federal Government in Transport Infrastructure The transport generated revenues make up the following share of the total federal government revenues: 8.7 % in 1995, increasing to 9.3 % in the year 2010. The significant increases are due to the increases in the engine-related insurance tax (+176 %) and the mineral oil tax (+71 %). In contrast to this, in the same period the government reduced its expenditure on transport and it came to a reduction in the percentage of transport expenditure to the total expenditure (of almost 14 % in 1996 to 8 % in 2010). At the end of the 1980‘s the investment in the rail sector was increased. In contrast, funds were reduced significantly for road construction. It was especially used in filling gaps in the motorway and expressway network, as well as in measures to reduce the noise pollution.


Seite 209

10.1 Taxes and charges in Austria 10.1.1 Taxes

Development of fuel tax in [EUR/litre] and from fuel taxation in [mio EUR] (at current prices) in Austria 1945 - 2011 1,20

4,50 Please notice the different measurement scale! 4,00

EUR/litre

0,80

0,60

Notice: From 1982: Tax rate for unleaded petrol From 2005: Petrol and diesel with a maximum of 10mg/kg sulfur From 2007: For diesel containing at least 4,4% of biogenic fuel by volume From 2008: For petrol containing at least 4,4% of biogenic fuel by volume and with a maximum of 10mg/kg sulfur; for diesel containing at least 4,4% of biogenic fuel by volume From 2010: For petrol containing at least 4,6% of biogenic fuel by volume and with a maximum of 10mg/kg sulfur; for diesel containing at least 6,6% of biogenic fuel by volume

3,50 3,00 2,50 2,00

mio EUR revenues

1,00

1,50

0,40

1,00 0,20 0,50 0,00

0,00

Oil taxation revenues

Petrol oil tax rate

Diesel oil tax rate

Source: Tax rates: currently valid version of the Act of mineral oils Revenues: 1970 - 2002: ÖAMTC, http://www.oeamtc.at/netautor/download/document/Moest-historisch.pdf; 2003 - 2005: Federal Ministry of Finance 2005 - 2009: http://www.arboe.at/209+M54d6e4deba5.html (02.02.2011); Chamber of commerce Vienna - oil industry; Federal Ministry of Finance, budget report 2011

Figure 148: Development of fuel tax and from fuel taxation (at current prices) in Austria 1945 - 2009

Amount of engine-related insurance tax (vehicle circulation tax) in Austria 2011 in [EUR per month] a) motorcycles with more than 100 cubic centimetres displacement per cubic centimetre displacement

method of payment

in € per month

monthly

0,0242

quarterly

0,0238

half-yearly

0,0233

yearly

0,0220

b) cars and estate cars and all other motor vehicles with a maximum permissible total weight of 3.5 tons method of payment

per kilowatt engine power 1

at least

in € per month

in € per month

monthly

0,605

6,05

quarterly

0,594

5,94

half-yearly

0,583

5,83

yearly

0,550

1

from the engine power reduced by 24 kilowatt (kW)

5,50 HERRY 2011

Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of Finance

Table 157: Amount of engine-related insurance tax (vehicle circulation tax) in Austria 2011

Seite 210


HERRY 2011

Amount of vehicle circulation tax over 3.5 tons in Austria 2011 in [EUR per month] in € per month

min/max in € per month

Vehicles with up to 12 t per commenced ton maximum permissible weight

1,55

min. 15,-

Vehicles with more than 12 t to 18 t per commenced ton maximum permissible weight

1,70

-

Vehicles with more than 18 t per commenced ton maximum permissible weight

1,90

max. 80,-

Trailers with more than 18 t per commenced ton maximum permissible weight

max. 66,HERRY 2011

Note: For each vehicle (motor vehicle and/or trailer) the tax has to be calculated seperately. If the tax liability does not take a complete month, the tax has to be calculated daily. Per day 1/30 of the monthly tax has to be set up. Source: BGBL. Nr.449/192 idF BGBl. Nr. 161/2005

Table 158: Amount of vehicle circulation tax over 3.5 tons in Austria 2011

Vehicle purchase tax based on standard fuel consumption in Austria 2010 Calculation in [percent] (Total consumption acc. MVEG-cycle* minus 3 litre) x 2% (Total consumption acc. MVEG-cycle minus 2 litre) x 2% (Total consumption acc. MVEG-cycle minus 3 litre and/or kg) x 2% 0,02% x (displacement in ccm minus 100ccm)

Petrol Diesel Engines for other fuels Motorcycles

* MVEG-cycle according to EU-Directive 1980/1268 in the version 1993/116 and/or 1999/100

HERRY 2010

Note: Basis for assessment is the money and/or the average value of the vehicle. The tax rate is related to the average fuel consumption (Motor Vehicle Emissions Group-cycle). Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of Finance

Table 159: Vehicle purchase tax based on standard fuel consumption in Austria 2010


Seite 211

10.1.2 Distance-related toll and special motorways tolls for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW 10.1.2.1 Stock 2011

Distance-related toll tariffs for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2011 in [EUR per km]1 Tariff group

Category 2

Category 3

Category 4+

2 axles

3 axles

4 and more axles

A: EURO EEV and VI

0,146

0,2044

0,3066

B: EURO IV and V

0,156

0,2184

0,3276

C: EURO 0 to III

0,178

0,2492

1

0,3738 HERRY 2011

Tariffs excl. 20% VAT

Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/rates, January 2011

Table 160: Distance-related toll tariffs for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2011

Distance-related toll tariffs for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2003 - 2011 in [EUR per km] 0,50 0,45 0,40

EUR/year and vehicle

0,35 0,30 0,25 0,20 0,15 0,10 0,05 -

2004

2005

2006 CAT II - 2 axles

2007

2008

CAT III - 3 axles

2009

2010

CAT IV - 4 and more axles

Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/rates, January 2011

Figure 149: Distance-related toll tariffs for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2003 - 2011

Seite 212

from 01.01.2011


HERRY 2011

Special motorway tolls for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW in Austria 2011 in [EUR, excl. 20% VAT]

Tariff group A9 Phyrn Gleinalm A B C A9 Phyrn Bosruck A B C A10 Tauern A B C A 11 Karawanken A B C A13 Brenner A Night tariff ² B Night tariff ² C Night tariff ² A13 Brenner A Night tariff ² B Night tariff ² C Night tariff ² S 16 Arlberg A B C 1

Toll road: Branch point St. Michael - Übelbach EURO EEV and VI EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III Spital/Pyhrn - Ardning EURO EEV and VI EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III Flachau - Rennweg EURO EEV and VI EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III St. Jakob/Rosental - Tunnel, Südportal 1 EURO EEV and VI EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III Innsbruck - Amras - Brenner

Lenght

Category 2 2 axles

Category 3 3 axles

in km

EUR total

EUR total

Category 4+ 4 and more axles EUR total

8,96

12,54

18,82

25

10

47

10

EURO EEV and VI EURO IV and V

35

EURO 0 to III

9,55

13,37

20,06

10,95

15,33

23,00

3,77

5,28

7,92

4,03

5,64

8,46

4,61

6,45

9,68

12,85

17,99

26,99

13,69

19,16

28,74

15,69

21,97

32,94

8,49

11,89

17,83

9,05

12,67

19,01

10,37

14,52

21,78

22,18

31,06

23,64

33,08

27,07

37,09

21,51

30,12

22,94

32,10

26,25

36,75

8,20

11,48

8,75

12,25

18,38

10,03

14,04

21,06

46,59 93,18 49,64 99,28 56,86 113,72

Innsbruck - Wilten - Brenner EURO EEV and VI EURO IV and V

34

EURO 0 to III St. Anton/Arlberg - Langen/Arlberg EURO EEV and VI EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III

16

In direction north the toll collection takes place on the Slovenian side

45,18 90,36 48,17 96,34 55,14 110,28 17,22

HERRY 2011

² On the motorway A13, trucks belonging to category 4 are subject to a night tariff between 10:00 p.m. and 05:00 a.m. amounting to double the day tariff. Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/rates, January 2011

Table 161: Special motorway tolls for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW in Austria 2011


Seite 213

10.1.2.2 Prospects 2012 Distance-related toll tariffs for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2012 in [EUR per km]1 Tariff group

Category 2

Category 3

Category 4+

2 axles

3 axles

4 and more axles

A: EURO VI

0,145

0,2030

0,3045

B: EURO EEV

0,150

0,2100

0,3150

C: EURO IV and V

0,165

0,2310

0,3465

D: EURO 0 to III

0,187

0,2618

1

0,3927 HERRY 2011

Tariffs excl. 20% VAT

Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/rates, December 2011

Table 162: Distance-related toll for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2012 Special motorway tolls for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW in Austria 2012 in [EUR, excl. 20% VAT]

Tariff group A9 Phyrn Gleinalm A B C D A9 Phyrn Bosruck A B C D A10 Tauern A B C D A 11 Karawanken A B C D A13 Brenner A Night tariff ² B Night tariff ² C Night tariff ² D Night tariff ² A13 Brenner A Night tariff ² B Night tariff ² C Night tariff ² D Night tariff ² S 16 Arlberg A B C D A 12 Inntal motorway A B C D 1

Lenght

Category 2 2 axles

Category 3 3 axles

in km

EUR total

EUR total

Category 4+ 4 and more axles EUR total

8,91

12,47

18,71

9,22

12,91

19,36

10,14

14,20

21,29

11,47

16,06

24,09

3,76

5,26

7,90

3,89

5,45

8,17

4,28

5,99

8,99

4,84

6,78

10,16

12,75

17,85

26,78

13,19

18,47

27,70

14,51

20,31

30,47

16,42

22,99

34,48

8,43

11,80

17,70

8,72

12,21

18,31

9,59

13,43

20,14

10,85

15,19

22,79

22,03

30,84

Toll road: Traffic junction of St. Michael - Übelbach EURO VI EURO EEV EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III Spital/Pyhrn - Ardning EURO VI EURO EEV EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III Flachau - Rennweg EURO VI EURO EEV EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III St. Jakob/Rosental - Tunnel, Südportal 1 EURO VI EURO EEV EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III Innsbruck - Amras - Brenner

25

10

47

10

EURO VI 35

EURO EEV

22,79

31,91

EURO IV and V

25,07

35,10

EURO 0 to III

28,36

39,70

21,37

29,92

22,10

30,94

46,26 92,52 47,86 95,72 52,65 105,30 59,56 119,12

Innsbruck - Wilten - Brenner EURO VI EURO EEV

34

44,88 89,76 46,41 92,82 51,05

EURO IV and V

24,31

34,03

EURO 0 to III

27,51

38,51

8,15

11,41

17,12

8,43

11,80

17,70

9,28

12,99

19,49

10,49

14,69

22,03

11,93

16,70

25,06

12,33

17,29

25,91

13,56

19,01

28,50

15,38

21,54

St. Anton/Arlberg - Langen/Arlberg EURO VI EURO EEV EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III National border of Kiefersfelden - Innsbruck Amras EURO VI EURO EEV EURO IV and V EURO 0 to III

16

16

In direction north the toll collection takes place on the Slovenian side

102,10 57,77 115,54

32,32 HERRY 2011

² On the motorway A13, trucks belonging to category 4 are subject to a night tariff between 10:00 p.m. and 05:00 a.m. amounting to double the day tariff. Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/rates, December 2011

Table 163: Special motorway tolls for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW in Austria 2012

Seite 214


10.1.3 Vignette and special motorways tolls on federal roads for vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW 10.1.3.1 Stock 2011 Tariffs of the Austrian motorway vignette 2011 in [EUR incl. VAT] 2-months vignette

10-days vignette

1st December previous year 31st January the following year

2 sequenced calendar months

10 sequenced calendar days, whereas the first day of validity counts as the first calender day

EUR 30,50

EUR 11,50

EUR 4,50

EUR 76,50

EUR 23,00

EUR 7,90

With a valid annual, 2-months or

24-hours vignette

24-hours vignette

EUR 2,00 (for one travel direction)

EUR 4,00 (for both travel directions)

Annual vignette

Two wheeled vehicle (also with sidecar) Cars and motor vehicles up to and including 3.5 t total weight, wherein the total weight of a potential trailer is not added to the weight of the towing vehicle.

The corridor vignette allows motor vehicles up to and including 3.5 t to use the "corridor" on the motorway A14 Rheital/Walgau in Vorarlberg

10-days vignette, an additional corridor vignette is not necessary.

between the german border and the junction Hohenems.

HERRY 2011

Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/toll-stickers-and-rates, January 2011

Table 164: Tariffs of the Austrian motorway vignette 2011

Special tolls on the Austrian federal roads for vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW 2011 in [EUR, incl. 20% VAT]

Single way

Single way/ section

Annual ticket 1

Annual ticket for Annual ticket Annual ticket commuters with Monthly with reduction commuters reduction for ticket for vignettes vignettes

A9

Pyhrn motorway: Gleinalm

7,50

90,00

50,00

35,00

free of charge

90,00

50,00

35,00

free of charge

90,00

50,00

35,00

free of charge

A9

Pyhrn motorway: Bosruck

4,50

A10

Tauern motorway: Katschberg

9,50

A11

Karawanken motorway

6,50

S16

Arlberg expressway

8,50

90,00

50,00

35,00

free of charge

Brenner motorway:

8,00

90,00

50,00

35,00

free of charge

A13

35,00

Resident ticket

10-trips monthly ticket

Value ticket

21,50

58,00

35,00

for section: A13

1

Innsbruck - Zenzenhof and/or Brennerpass - Brennersee and each vice versa

A13

2

Innsbruck - Patsch/Europabrücke and each vice versa

2,00

A13

3

Innsbruck - Stubaital and vice versa

2,50

A13

4

Matrei - Brennerpass and vice versa

4,00

1,00

Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/toll-stickers-and-rates, January 2011

HERRY 2011

Table 165: Special tolls on the Austrian federal roads for vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW 2011


Seite 215

10.1.3.2 Prospects 2012

Tariffs of the Austrian motorway vignette 2012 in [EUR incl. VAT] 2-months vignette

10-days vignette

1st December previous year 31st January the following year

2 sequenced calendar months

10 sequenced calendar days, whereas the first day of validity counts as the first calender day

EUR 31,00

EUR 11,70

EUR 4,60

EUR 77,80

EUR 23,40

EUR 8,00

With a valid annual, 2-months or

24-hours vignette

24-hours vignette

EUR 2,00 (for one travel direction)

EUR 4,00 (for both travel directions)

Annual vignette

Two wheeled vehicle (also with sidecar) Cars and motor vehicles up to and including 3.5 t total weight, wherein the total weight of a potential trailer is not added to the weight of the towing vehicle.

The corridor vignette allows motor vehicles up to and including 3.5 t to use the "corridor" on the motorway A14 Rheital/Walgau in Vorarlberg

10-days vignette, an additional corridor vignette is not necessary.

between the german border and the junction Hohenems.

HERRY 2011

Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/toll-stickers-and-rates, December 2011

Table 166: Tariffs of the Austrian motorway vignette 2012

Special tolls on the Austrian federal roads for vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW 2012 in [EUR, incl. 20% VAT]

Single way

Annual ticket for Annual ticket Annual ticket Single Annual ticket Annual 10-trips Annual commuters with for drivers of for disabled Monthly Resident Value way/ ticket monthly 1 with reduction reduction for invalid driver on the ticket ticket ticket ticket section for vignettes commuters ticket vignettes carriages A13

A9

Pyhrn motorway: Gleinalm

7,50

92,00

52,00

36,00

free of charge

A9

Pyhrn motorway: Bosruck

4,50

92,00

52,00

36,00

free of charge

A10

Tauern motorway: Katschberg

9,50

90,00

50,00

35,00

free of charge

A11

Karawanken motorway

6,50

S16

Arlberg expressway

8,50

90,00

50,00

35,00

free of charge

Brenner motorway:

8,00

90,00

50,00

35,00

free of charge

A13

21,50

36,00

58,00

36,00

for section: Innsbruck - Zenzenhof and/or Brennerpass - Brennersee and each vice versa

A13

1

A13

2 Innsbruck - Patsch/Europabrücke and each vice versa

2,00

A13

3 Innsbruck - Stubaital and vice versa

2,50

A13

4 Matrei - Brennerpass and vice versa

4,00

1,00

Source: ASFINAG, Toll, http://www.asfinag.at/toll-stickers-and-rates, December 2011

Table 167: Special tolls on the Austrian federal roads for vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW 2012

Seite 216


HERRY 2011

10.1.4 Road tolls in the EU member states

Road tolls in the EU Member States 2010

Roads subjected to toll charges

BE

DE FR

IT

vehicles with at least 12 t GVW all motorways and the most national roads (transportation of goods) Liefkenshoek-Tunnel all vehicles all federal motorways and 3 sections of vehicles with at least 12 t GVW german interstate roads (B4, B9, B75) (transportation of goods) Warnowtunnel all vehicles Herrentunnel all vehicles

IE

GB

GR ES PT AT

x

x

x x

Westerschelde-Tunnel Kiltunnel

all vehicles

x

x

Nieuwerbrug Bridge

all vehicles

x

x

Rome, Florence and Venice (city centres)

superior road network

Storebaelt Bridge Öresund Bridge East Link Bridge, motorway sections of M50, M1, M4 Toll, N8 Toll Dublin Port Tunnel (M50) over 20 tunnels, bridges and small private roads motorway M6 Toll London (city centre) Durham (historic centre) several motorway sections and national road sections motorway Attiki Odos Rion-Antirion Bridge almost all motorways, some tunnels the majority of motorways, two bridges in Lisboa all motorways and highways

Öresund Bridge Svinesund Bridge Stockholm all motorways and roads of the first order all motorways and roads of the first order

LV

Urban area of Jurmala

LT

complete superior road network

HU

the majority of motorways the majority of motorways

MT

SK BG RO 1

x x

x x

EE CY

SI

x

x x x

superior road network

PL

x

all vehicles all vehicles Car (depending on place of residence), coaches all vehicles vehicles with at least 12 t GVW (transportation of goods) vehicles with at least 12 t GVW (transportation of goods) all vehicles

FI

CZ

no x

x

vehicles with at least 12 t GVW (transportation of goods) all vehicles all vehicles

complete road network 3 motorway sections (A1, A2 and A4) sections of motorways and highways sections of motorways and highways Karawankentunnel all motorways highways and trunk roads complete road network Danube Bridge between Rousse and Giurgiu complete road network 3 Danube Bridges (E70/E85, E60, N3a/N22C)

x

x

x x

x

x

x

x

x x

x

x

x x x

x x

all vehicles

x

x

vehicles with up to 3.5 t GVW

x

x

all vehicles

x

x

all vehicles all two-laned vehicles all vehicles

x

x

x x

x x

all vehicles

x

x

all vehicles all vehicles all vehicles

x x x

x x x

all vehicles

x

x

all vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW

x

x x

all vehicles over 3.5 t GVW

SE

yes, not obligatory

all vehicles

all motorways and highways

DK

yes

the majority of motorways four border tunnels

complete superior road network

NL

Using an electrical system with On-Board Units1

all motorways, 2 tunnels and 3 bridges

Bologna, Milano

LU

Vehicles subjected to toll charges

Toll system distancedependent City toll

time-dependent

no road use fees vehicles with at least 12 t GVW (transportation of goods) all vehicles all vehicles except motorcycles domestic vehicles all vehicles except motorcycles up to 3.5 t GVW

x

x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x x

x x x x

x x

x x x

x x

x

x

x x

x

all vehicles all vehicles

x x

x

all vehicles over 3.5 t GVW no road use fees no road use fees all vehicles (except coaches with destination Jurmala) all goods vehicles and all buses with more than 8 seats all vehicles Lorries no road use fees all vehicles over 3.5 t GVW all vehicles up to 12 t GVW all vehicles up to 3.5 t GVW all vehicles over 3.5 t GVW all vehicles all vehicles all vehicles over 3.5 t GVW all vehicles

x

x x

x

all vehicles

x

x

On-Board Units: Elektronic register, that is installed in the vehicle and used for the automatic registration of the toll fee.

x x x HERRY 2011

Source: WKO, Straßenbenützungsgebühren in Europa, Wien 2010

Table 168: Road tolls in the EU Member States 2010


Seite 217

10.1.5 Revenues from transport charges

Revenues from transport relevant charges and fees in Austria 2009 in [mio EUR] Source

Description Petroleum tax Standard consumption tax Engine-related insurance tax Motor vehicle tax Distance-related truck toll Special car toll Car vignette IBE-rail

Taxes

ASFINAG usage fees ÖBB

in [mio EUR] 3.800,00 437,00 1.521,00 68,00 926,17 122,32 338,21 421,80

Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of Finance, ASFINAG, ÖBB

HERRY 2011

Table 169: Revenues from transport relevant charges and fees in Austria 2009

Development of the Austrian federal revenues from charges of section "transport" 1995 - 2010 in [mio EUR] 1995

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010 (FE)

Vehicle tax

112

132

166

201

207

166

143

141

130

77

68

76

Standard consumption tax

345

433

423

415

450

477

486

490

456

472

437

450

Engine-related insurance tax Fuel tax Sum "traffic" Total federal gross revenues Share of the traffic-related federal revenues

551

975

1.117

1.185

1.217

1.251

1.325

1.376

1.410

1.475

1.521

1.520

2.286

2.726

2.880

3.109

3.310

3.594

3.565

3.553

3.689

3.894

3.800

3.900

3.294

4.266

4.586

4.910

5.184

5.488

5.519

5.560

5.685

5.918

5.826

5.946

37.876

50.387

56.210

54.951

53.498

56.207

57.156

60.398

64.695

68.528

63.314

64.045

8,7%

8,5%

8,2%

8,9%

9,7%

9,8%

9,7%

9,2%

8,8%

8,6%

9,2%

9,3% HERRY 2011

Note: FE...Federal estimate Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of Finance, Budget Report 2011

Table 170: Development of the Austrian federal revenues from charges of section “transport“ 1995 - 2010

Development of the Austrian federal revenues from charges of section "transport" 1995 - 2010 in [mio EUR]

7.000

6.000

mio EUR

5.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

0

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999 Vehicle tax

2000

2001

2002

Standard consumption tax

2003

2004

2005

2006

Engine-related insurance tax

Note: FE...Federal estimate Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of Finance, Budget Report 2011

2007

2008

2009

2010 (FE)

Fuel tax

HERRY 2010

Figure 150: Development of the Austrian federal revenues from charges of section “transport“ 1995 - 2010

Seite 218


10.1.6 Federal expenses in the section “transport“

Infrastructure investments in the infrastructure of federal roads and railways from the Austrian 2001 - 2011 in [mio Euro] federal roads 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Railways

1.047 780 877 1.011 950 1.110 1.024 1.151 1.001 811 890

1.050 1.217 1.186 1.200 1.250 1.373 1.505 1.683 2.092 2.149 2.339 HERRY 2011

Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of Finance, https://www.bmf.gv.at/Budget/Budgetsimberblick/ Sonstiges/Budgetsimberblick/Budget2011/Tabellen Download/_start.htm, February 2011

Table 171: Infrastructure investments in the infrastructure of federal roads and railways 2001 - 2011

Infrastructure investments in the infrastructure of federal roads and railways 2001 - 2011 in [mio EUR] 2.400 2.250 2.100 1.950 1.800 1.650

mio EUR

1.500 1.350 1.200 1.050 900 750 600 450 300 150

Interstate roads

0 2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Railways

2010

2011

Source: BMF, https://www.bmf.gv.at/Budget/Budgetsimberblick/Sonstiges/Budgetsimberblick/Budget2011/TabellenDownload/_start.htm, February 2011 HERRY 2011

Figure 151: Infrastructure investments in the infrastructure of federal roads and railways 2001 - 2011


Seite 219

10.1.7 Railway - infrastructure user charges Prices of user charges Standard package TRAIN PATH and TRAIN RUN 2011 Prices in EUR (excl. 20% VAT) Product/service

Service trains and Freight transport passenger transport

Unit

BASIS FEE per category of line: Brennerachse (Kufstein-Innsbruck-Brenner) Supplementary network Narrow gauge railways other international axles Core network Westbahn per gross tonne kilometre:

per train kilometre per train kilometre per train kilometre per train kilometre per train kilometre per train kilometre gross tonne kilometre

3,0947 0,9202 0,7663 1,7162 1,2526 2,5361

3,0947 0,9202 0,7663 1,7162 1,2526 2,5361

0,001129

INCREASE and REDUCTION Qualitative: Traction vehicle-Factor Category A Traction vehicle-Factor Category B Traction vehicle-Factor Category C

per train kilometre per train kilometre per train kilometre

-0,0107 0,0000 0,0107

Route specific: Bottleneck surcharge per train kilometre

1,1306

corridor-specific traffic incentive per train kilometre Freight transport - Semmering corridor-specific traffic incentive per train kilometre Freight transport - Change PERFORMANCE-REGIME: Payment/credit according to balance delay minutes Other FEES: Order data processing (on orders not via M-AMA or interface) ARAMIS-Connecting device ARAMIS-Single fee ARAMIS-Package for 3 user

-

-1,2436

-

-0,6387

Minutes

+/-0,5

Activity

40,00

Connector User 3 User

614,00 101,00 194,00 HERRY 2011

Source: ÖBB-Infrastruktur AG, Product catalogue network acces train path, train ride and other services 2011 of the ÖBB-Infrastruktur AG

Table 172: Prices of user charges - Standard package TRAIN PATH and TRAIN RUN 2011

Average infrastructure user charge in European countries for selected reference trains in EUR/train-km 2008 in [EUR/km] 960 t freight train over 300 km

14

Suburban railway over 50 km, 270 t Intercity over 200 km, 590 t

12

high-speed passenger train over 400 km, 600 t

EUR/km

10

8

6

4

2

0

AT

BE

BG

CZ

DK

EE

FI

FR

DE

HU

IT

LV

LT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

ES

SE

Source: OECD, International Transport Forum: Charges for the Use of Infrastructure 2008

Figure 152: Average infrastructure user charge in European countries for selected reference trains in EUR/train-km 2008

Seite 220


CH

UK

HERRY 2011

10.2 Fuel prices in Austria Average development of fuel prices in Austria 1955 - 2010 in [EUR/l] (at current prices) 1,80 1,60 1,40

EUR/Litre

1,20 1,00 0,80 0,60 0,40 0,20

1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

-

Regular petrol

Premium

Super-plus

Diesel HERRY 2011

Source: ÖAMTC, http://www.oeamtc.at/netautor/download/document/Jahreswerte_Treibstoffpreise_eur.pdf, February 2011

Figure 153: Average development of fuel prices in Austria 1955 - 2010 (at current prices)

Average development of fuel prices in Austria 1955 - 2010 in [EUR/l] (at constant prices1) Reference year 2005

1,80 1,60 1,40

EUR/Liter

1,20 1,00 0,80 0,60 0,40 0,20

1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

-

1

The real price referring to the year 2005 was calculated with the help of the living costs-index (living costs for a working-class family of four) of the STATISTIK AUSTRIA; Date: January 2011 Source: Statistik Austria, ÖAMTC, own calculations

Regular Petrol

Premium

Super-plus

Diesel

HERRY 2011

Figure 154: Average development of fuel prices in Austria 1955 - 2010 (at constant prices)


Seite 221

Development of fuel prices and traffic indicators in Austria in comparison 1970 - 2008 [Index 1970=100] 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50

Stock of motor vehicles 1

Traffic volumes

Driving performances per vehicle

Fuel consumption

Fuel price real 1

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

1992

1991

1990

1989

1988

1987

1986

1985

1984

1983

1982

1981

1980

1979

1978

1977

1976

1975

1974

1973

1972

1971

1970

0

Fuel price nominal 1

weighted average of all fuels

Source: DTV-Verkehrsconsult GmbH, Automatische Straßenverkehrszählung - Jahresbericht 2008. On behalf of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology

Figure 155: Development of fuel prices and traffic indicators in comparison 1970 - 2008

Seite 222


HERRY 2011

10.3 Fuel prices in the EU Fuel prices at current prices for Euro-Super-95 in the EU in [EUR/litre] January 2011 1,80 1,60

EU-27-Average 1,40

EUR/litre

1,20 1,00 0,80 0,60 0,40 0,20 -

GR NL DK GB

FI

BE

SE

PT

DE

IT

FR

SK

CZ

IE

MT HU AT

in EUR/litre (incl. toll and tax)

ES

LT

SI

PL

LV

LU

EE

RO

CY

BG

in EUR/litre (excl. toll and tax) HERRY 2011

Source: EU-DG TREN, Oil bulletin, http://ec.europa.eu/energy/observatory/oil/bulletin_en.htm, 18.1.2011

Figure 156: Fuel prices at current prices for Euro-Super-95 in the EU - January 2011

Fuel prices at current prices for diesel in the EU in [EUR/litre] January 2011 1,80 1,60 1,40

EU-27-Average

EUR/litre

1,20 1,00 0,80 0,60 0,40 0,20 -

GB

SE

GR DK CZ

IT

DE

PT

FI

NL

BE

IE

FR HU AT

in EUR/litre (incl. toll and tax)

SK

SI

MT LV

PL

ES

EE

LT

CY

RO BG LU

in EUR/litre (excl. toll and tax)

Source: EU-DG TREN, Oil bulletin, http://ec.europa.eu/energy/observatory/oil/bulletin_en.htm, 18.1.2011

HERRY 2011

Figure 157: Fuel prices at current prices for diesel in the EU - January 2011


Seite 223

10.4 The Austrian Consumer Price Index in the sector “transport“ The Austrian Consumer Price Index in the sector "transport" 2005 - 2010 [Basis 2005=100] 2005 OVERALL INDEX AUSTRIA

Motor vehicles Motorcycles Bicycles

Spare parts and accessories for personal transport equipment

Fuels and lubricants for personal transport equipment

Maintenance and repairs of personal transport equipment

Other services in respect of personal transport equipment

Passenger rail transport

Road passenger transport Passenger transport by air Combined passenger transport Other purchased transport services

Insurances connected with transport

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010 *

100,0

101,5

103,7

107,0

107,5

109,5

New motor cars second-hand motor cars Moped Motorcycles Bicycle Windscreen antifreeze Windscreen wiper Spark plugs Car battery Summer tyres Winter tyres Car replacement bulb First-aid kit for cars Roof carrier Lubricant Regular gasoline Premium Diesel fuel Car washing Car tinsmith man-hour Motor mechanic man-hour Headlight material Exhaust pipe with catalyst material Front wheel brake material Motorcar electrician man-hour Oil service Air condition service Tyre service Driving school Parking fee Parking tax Parking garage Hire car General toll charge Periodical assessment Driving license fee Engine-related insurance tax Toll charge, alpine roads Registration os a motor vehicle Membership fee of a car association Rail-adult regular price Rail-children Rail-half price all trains Rail-"Vorteilscard" Rail-seasonal card (Y,M,W)

100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0

101,0 99,6 94,0 102,1 97,2 119,5 102,1 102,3 102,8 100,2 99,9 101,2 98,3 107,9 103,3 106,0 105,9 106,9 102,2 104,8 104,2 102,7

101,4 100,3 91,3 104,8 101,5 118,0 105,8 105,4 107,6 106,5 100,2 100,5 100,5 118,3 107,1 108,4 108,2 108,8 103,9 109,3 108,3 105,4

102,5 102,0 90,5 105,4 105,4 118,7 113,6 109,8 116,4 108,3 99,5 106,9 101,1 121,3 117,3 120,5 118,7 132,6 105,7 114,1 112,6 108,2

102,6 102,2 92,8 109,7 115,7 128,2 118,5 112,4 117,5 104,9 98,9 108,6 104,1 123,0 122,7 104,1 102,4 104,4 109,0 119,1 117,7 111,5

101,0 100,6 88,9 114,6 113,2 126,6 120,3 115,5 122,0 102,4 99,2 104,8 103,5 133,0 126,8 118,7 116,7 118,5 111,6 123,8 121,8 113,7

100,0

105,1

106,5

110,9

113,3

114,6

100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0

101,2 103,8 104,1 100,9 105,9 106,2 100,0 102,2 98,4 99,6 100,0 102,9 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,3

103,9 108,3 110,1 105,0 110,8 106,9 108,6 105,1 99,9 98,7 100,0 109,5 100,7 100,0 100,0 100,8

106,7 113,1 117,8 110,4 116,1 107,6 123,7 110,3 104,0 92,8 101,7 115,8 101,3 100,0 100,6 101,9

109,5 118,2 124,2 116,3 121,2 109,6 123,4 111,3 111,5 94,8 101,7 120,3 101,3 100,0 100,6 102,6

114,8 123,4 129,8 120,2 127,1 111,4 126,7 111,8 118,4 90,0 105,0 125,5 101,3 100,0 101,8 103,2

100,0

102,2

103,1

105,9

108,6

111,9

100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0

104,1 103,8 104,2 100,0 105,2

107,4 107,2 107,2 100,0 110,3

110,4 110,3 110,2 100,0 113,8

113,7 113,1 113,5 100,0 117,2

117,0 115,8 116,8 100,0 120,6

Rail-seniors authentification card

100,0

100,0

100,0

100,0

100,0

100,0

Taxi day trip Taxi night trip Excursion bus Flight ticket ÖPNV, day ticket ÖPNV, season ticket

100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0

105,1 105,0 103,2 100,0 100,9 102,5

108,2 109,6 101,4 75,3 106,2 107,3

113,8 116,5 109,1 71,8 108,5 110,5

120,0 122,4 113,0 62,5 110,8 112,1

122,4 124,5 118,9 57,7 115,0 115,3

Rail locker charge

100,0

100,0

100,0

99,6

100,0

100,0

Liability insurance

100,0

97,6

96,9

99,8

102,2

104,1

Partial coverage insurance

100,0

90,2

92,1

87,2

90,1

95,1

Car legal protection insurance

100,0

101,8

101,9

104,0

102,7

102,7

Motorcycle liability insurance

100,0

84,3

85,3

86,9

88,0

89,5 HERRY 2011

*) Values 2010 temporary Source: Statistik Austria

Table 173: The Austrian Consumer Price Index in the sector “transport“ 2005 - 2010

Seite 224


10.5 Transport costs for road freight transport in Austria Transport costs index for road freight transport in Austria 1971 - 2011 in [1971=100] 500 450 400

mio EUR

350 300 250 200 150 100

Index [1971=100]

*) The costs for the lorry toll are not included. Source: WKÖ, Fachverband Güterbeförderung

HERRY 2011

Figure 158: Transport costs index for road freight transport in Austria 1971 - 2011

Average cost structure in commercial local and long-distance road haulage in Austria 2006

Type of cost Fuel Tyres Repairs Depreciation Financial credit interests Motor vehicle tax Motor vehicle insurance Garage/parking space Driver's costs Administration Net prime costs

Cost structure in LOCAL TRAFFIC in %

Cost structure in LONG-DISTANCE TRAFFIC in %

Description of costs

14,3

22,7

2,4

1,5

Tyre costs have a higher share by use at construction sites

7,2

5,7

Mechanic man-hour and spares at garage

9,9

9,2

Average depreciation on actual physical life

4,8

6,0

financing costs (long- and short-term credits)

2,9

2,9

Motor vehicle tax without toll charge

9,3

5,9

Liability insurance and proportional comprehensive insurance

1,1

1,2

36,5 11,7

32,2 13,0

100,0

100,0

Fuel costs are different depending on lorry usage and purchase price

Parking space costs and/or depreciation of manufacturing costs of a parking space Average costs of the driver Office, IT, management, personnel costs etc.

Total costs of a lorry (without VAT) HERRY 2006

Source: WKÖ, Fachverband für Güterbeförderung

Table 174: Average cost structure in commercial local and long-distance road haulage in Austria 2006


Seite 225

10.6 Motor Car costs Car cost structure in Austria 2010 Average of the 9 most common licensed car brands 2010 based on 5 years of use and 12.000 km/year Type of cost

Cost structure in [%]

Overall costs per month in [EUR]

Depreciation

49,8%

234,22

Fixed costs

22,2%

104,22

Fuel

11,3%

53,11

Maintenance Additional costs

11,4%

53,33

5,3%

25,00

100,0%

469,89

Total (EUR/month) Total (EUR/km)

0,47

Source: ÖAMTC-car info, http://www.oeamtc.at, January 2011; own calculations

Table 175: Car cost structure in Austria 2010

Seite 226


HERRY 2011

11 Infrastructure Costs – external Costs Information about infrastructure costs and external costs of transport are not statistically collected, but outputs from (for part elaborate) work and modelling techniques. Since the edition ”Transport in Figures, Edition 2007“ new studies with concrete figures have been carried out only in a few areas of the infrastructure and external costs. Therefore for this chapter we point you to the data given in the previous edition “Transport in Figures 2007“. The chapter ”infrastructure costs - external costs” will therefore be limited in this requirement to the selected areas where new figures are available. Only in the chapter “rates“ from the current work are currently common cost rates for the evaluation of external costs available. In addition, the current information concerning road accident cost rates (total, with no distinction between internal/external) have been included.


Seite 227

11.1 Infrastructure costs in Austria Expenses in road transport 2010 in [mio EUR] Federal secondary roads B and L Building and Operation repairing Burgenland Carinthia Lower Austria Upper Austria Salzburg Styria Tyrol Vorarlberg Vienna Austria total

25,9 30,9 123,0 100,5 41,2 84,0 34,1 24,1 68,5

18,8 15,2 98,0 41,5 15,4 33,0 18,9 18,1 23,8

532,2

282,7

Motorways (A) and expressways (S) structural Building preservation -

-

340,0

363,0

Quelle: BMVIT; ASFINAG, Geschäftsbericht 2010

HERRY 2011

Table 176: Expenses in road transport 2010

Reference values of roads at current prices in Austria (price validity: 2009) in [EUR] EUR per road lane-km and year Federal motorways and highways (A and S) National road B National road L Community road Tunnel section

18.000,00 11.000,00 8.500,00 3.500,00 52.000,00 HERRY 2011

Source: FSV, RVS 02.01.22 (Decision Guidance, Analysis of Benefit and Cost), Nutzen-Kosten-Untersuchungen im Verkehrswesen, Wien 2011

Table 177: Reference values of roads at current prices in Austria (price validity: 2009)

Accident cost rates and accident rates by standardised types of roads 2009 Accident cost rates

Rates of people killed

Rates of people slightly injured

accidents involving personal injury

[Number per mio vehicle-km]

[EUR per vehicle-km] Federal highways A and S Other country roads Roads in urban area All roads

Rates of people heavily injured

0,0366

0,0038

0,0433

0,1124

0,099

0,1762

0,0175

0,2159

0,4722

0,4971

0,2734 0,1532

0,0106 0,0106

0,2964 0,1762

1,3165 0,5804

1,3048 0,5811


Table 178: Accident cost rates and accident rates by standardised types of roads in Austria 2009

Seite 228


HERRY 2011

11.2 Cost rates for the assessment of external costs Pollutant cost rates in Austria (price validity: 2009) in [EUR/t] Type of pollutant

In vacant area

NOx NMVOC PM10 (abraded particles and soot) PM 2,5 (soot)

In built-up area

10.200

10.200

2.000

2.000

30.000 80.000

100.000 300.000 HERRY 2011


Table 179: Pollutant cost rates in Austria (price validity: 2009)

Cost of traffic-related noise pollution in Austria 2002 in [EUR per noise affected person and year] Lden (dB(A)) >=51 >=52 >=53 >=54 >=55 >=56 >=57 >=58 >=59 >=60 >=61 >=62 >=63 >=64 >=65 >=66 >=67 >=68 >=69 >=70 >=71 >=72 >=73 >=74 >=75 >=76 >=77 >=78 >=79 >=80 >=81

Road 10 21 31 41 52 62 72 83 93 103 114 124 134 144 155 165 175 186 196 206 274 291 308 326 343 360 378 395 412 429 447

Rail

Air 0 0 0 0 0 10 21 31 41 52 62 72 83 93 103 114 124 134 144 155 222 240 257 274 291 309 326 343 361 378 395

16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 224 240 256 272 288 304 320 393 416 439 462 485 508 531 554 577 600 623

HERRY 2006 Source: HEATCO - Developing Harmonised European Approaches for Transport Costing and Project Assessment, D5 - Proposal for Harmonised Guidelines, 2006

Table 180: Cost of traffic-related noise pollution in Austria 2002


Seite 229

Costs of traffic-related emissions1 in the EU 2002 in [1.000 EUR per emitted ton] NOx BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE UK EL ES PT AT FI SE EU-15 CZ EE 2 CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK NMS-10 EU-25

NMVOC

PM2,5 (Stadt)

SO2

2,7 3,1 4,6 3,2 4,8 2,6 1,8 2,0 1,6 2,2 2,7 2,8 4,3 0,9 1,3 40,6

1,1 1,1 0,8 1,6 1,4 1,0 0,8 0,4 0,7 0,6 0,5 1,0 0,6 0,2 0,3 12,1

5,4 4,5 4,3 3,5 4,9 5,0 1,9 1,6 2,9 1,4 2,1 1,9 3,9 0,6 1,0 44,9

440,0 430,0 430,0 370,0 590,0 470,0 520,0 510,0 450,0 210,0 280,0 210,0 450,0 400,0 440,0 6.200,0

95,0 80,0 83,0 70,0 96,0 88,0 54,0 50,0 67,0 34,0 41,0 37,0 73,0 33,0 40,0 941,0

3,2 1,4

1,1 0,5

4,1 1,2

170,0 100,0

61,0 23,0

0,5 1,8 2,6 5,0 0,5 3,0 4,6 4,4 27,0 67,6

1,1 0,5 0,5 0,8 1,1 0,8 1,1 0,7 8,2 20,3

0,5 1,4 1,8 4,1 0,5 3,5 3,8 4,0 24,9 69,8

230,0 80,0 90,0 150,0 170,0 130,0 110,0 220,0 1.450,0 7.650,0

20,0 22,0 28,0 54,0 16,0 53,0 49,0 55,0 381,0 1.322,0

Note: Costs include: health, crop failure, property damage 1

Values are based on air pollution related to road transport, but they are applicable to all directly emitting vehicles (diesel locomotives, diesel ships) 2

Cyprus: estimated values

Source: HEATCO - Developing Harmonised European Approaches for Transport Costing and Project Assessment, D5 - Proposal for Harmonised Guidelines, 2006

Table 181: Costs of traffic-related emissions in the EU 2002

Seite 230

PM2,5 (Land)


HERRY 2006

11.3 Cost rates for the assessment of external costs in freiht transport Maximum amounts for the costs of traffic-related air pollution in Austria in [Euro cent/vehicle kilometre] adopted by the Council on 14 February 2011 Suburban roads (including motorways)

Interurban roads (including motorways)

16

12

11

8

9

7

7

6

4

3

0

0

3

2

0

0

2 0

1 0

EURO 0 EURO I EURO II EURO III EURO IV EURO V EURO V (after 31.12.2013) EURO VI EURO VI (after 31.12.2017) Less polluting than EURO VI

HERRY 2011

Source: EC, Council's position at first reading on a proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 1999/62/EC on the charging of heavy goods vehicles for the use of certain infrastructure.

Table 182: Maximum amounts for the costs of traffic-related air pollution in Austria

Maximum amounts for the costs of traffic-related noise pollution adopted by the Council on 14 February 2011 in [Euro cent/vehicle kilometre] Suburban roads (including motorways) Tag Nacht

1,1 2,0

Interurban roads (including motorways) 0,2 0,3 HERRY 2011

Source: EC, Council's position at first reading on a proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 1999/62/EC on the charging of heavy goods vehicles for the use of certain infrastructure.

Table 183: Maximum amounts for the costs of traffic-related noise pollution


Seite 231

12 Information and communications technology (IKT) In addition to the enormous development and the further growth potential, the influence of information and communication technolgies on mobility (of people and goods) should not be underestimated. Therefore this topic has been included in ”Transport in Figures”. Keywords, such as teleworking, telematics, routing systems, navigation systems, electronic road toll systems and etc., have a direct link to the topic of this chapter. Without the technological, operational, and organisational development over the last years and decades in the field of information and communication we would not have been able to implement the applications listed above or would have only been possible with restrictions. A major contribution in this context is, however, not only the technological development, but in particular, the market penetration of such technologies. Accordingly, it is in this chapter of transport in figures that we will in particular present this side of the development. In the current NRI (Networked readiness index 2010/2011) Austria occupies the 21 position. In principle, the development in Austria, for which the overall index concerns, has remained relatively stable. Among the 138 states of the IKT area, the countries Sweden, Singapore and Finland are the worlds leading nations. Ranking within EU-countries: Sweden (rank 1), Finland (rank 3), Denmark (rank 7), the Netherlands (rank 11), Germany (rank 13), Luxembourg (rank 14), the UK (ranked 15) and France (rank 20), Austria takes 9 rank.

Networked Readiness Index Austria Austria‘s ranking among 138 countries 17

33,3 %

Environment 31 indicators

Networked Readiness Index

21

33,3 %

71 indicators

Readiness

28

11,1 %

Market environment

27

1,0 %

11,1 %

Political and regulatory environment

14

1,1 %

11,1 %

Infrastructure environment

21

1,2 %

11,1 %

Individual readiness

30

1,4 %

11,1 %

Business readiness

23

1,1 %

11,1 %

Government readiness

32

3,7 %

11,1 %

Individual usage

16

2,2 %

11,1 %

Business usage

20

1,6 %

11,1 %

Government usage

22

2,2 %

20 indicators

33,3 %

Usage 20 indicators

21

Source: RTR, Telekom Monitor, Annual report 2010, Vienna 2011 Figure 159: Networked Readiness Index Österreich 2010/2011

Seite 232


12.1 Development in the use of internet in Austria Development of the internet use in Austria 1996 - 2010 (1. Quarter) (each 4th Quarter) Internet access in [%] 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Q1/2010

Index [1996=100]

14 20 27 34 46 53 56 61 64 66 67 76 79 83 83

Intensive user (serveral times per week) Index in [%] [1996=100]

Internet user Index [1996=100]

in [%]

100 143 193 243 329 379 400 429 457 471 479 543 564 593 593

9 12 19 28 40 47 50 55 58 59 62 69 72 74 77

100 133 211 311 444 522 556 611 644 656 689 767 800 822 856

4 6 11 19 31 38 39 44 46 50 54 58 60 64 68

100 150 275 475 775 950 975 1.100 1.150 1.250 1.350 1.450 1.500 1.600 1.700 HERRY 2011

Basis: 3.000 Austrians from 14 years per quarter

Source: Austrian Internet Monitor, Integral can be found at: http://mediaresearch.orf.at/, January 2011

Table 184: Development of the internet use in Austria 1996 - 2010

12.2 Equipment of Austrian households with IT devices Equipment of Austrian households with IT devices 2010 (1st quarter) in [percent] PC available

82 %

Internet access

18 %

77 %

DVD player and/or recorder

23 %

75 %

Printer

25 %

71 %

Digital camera

29 %

69 %

Data stick

31 %

67 %

CD/DVD writer

33 %

56 %

Scanner

44 %

51 %

MP3 player (independent device)

49 %

49 %

51 %

Headset

37 %

63 %

Paddle

36 %

64 %

Web cam

32 %

TV card

16 % 0%

Basis: 3.000 Austrians from 14 years pro quarter

68 %

10%

84 %

20%

30%

40%

with access in household in [%]

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

without access in household in [%]

Source: INTEGRAL, Austrian Internet Monitor, under: http://mediaresearch.orf.at/c_internet/console/console.htm?y=2&z=1, 19.12.2010

HERRY 2010

Figure 160: Equipment of Austrian households with IT devices 2010


Seite 233

Equipment of the households with computer, internet access and broadband connection by federal states in Austria 2010 in [percent]

100% 90% 80%

75%

72%

72%

70%

76% 73% 69%

63%

62%

60%

77% 74%

74% 72%

76%

76% 73%

78%

77%

79%

73%

76% 73%

74% 68%

64%

62%

65%

64%

63%

64%

57%

50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

B

C

LA Computer

UA

S

Internet access

ST

T

V

VIE

Austria

Internet access with broadband connection

Source: Statistik Austria, Enquiry Period May and June 2010 - Only households with at least one member at the age from 16 to 74 years, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/informationsgesellschaft/ikt-einsatz_in_haushalten/index.html, 11.1.2011

HERRY 2010

Figure 161: Equipment of the households with computer, internet access and broadband connection by federal states in Austria 2010

Development of the internet use by target groups in Austria 1997 - 2010 in [percent] By Gender

Age

Education

Women Men 14 - 19 years 20 - 29 years 30 - 39 years 40 - 49 years 50 years and more 50 - 59 years 60 years and more Compulsory school Professional school/ apprenticeship School leaving examination/University Sample size (n=persons)

1st Quarter 1997

3rd Quarter 2001

3rd Quarter 2006

3rd Quarter 2010

27% 46% 17% 44% 18% 14% 8% 25%

38% 54% 81% 70% 59% 56% 19% -

56% 68% 85% 82% 79% 73% 54% 21% 19%

73% 84% 98% 95% 94% 88% 70% 91% k.A

26%

-

47%

k.A

49%

-

35%

k.A

n = 3.000

n = 4.500

n = 3.000

n = 3.000

Source: INTEGRAL, Austrian Internet Monitor, can be found at: http://mediaresearch.orf.at/c_internet/console/console.htm?y=3&z=1, AIM Costumer: 2. Quarter 2010, 3. Quarter 2010

Table 185: Development of the internet use by target groups in Austria 1997 - 2010

Seite 234


HERRY 2010

Households with computer, internet access and broadband connections, persons with computer and internet use in Austria 2002 - 2010 in [%] 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Computer in % of all households

Internet access in % of all households

Broadband connections in % of all households

Computer use in % of all persons

Households with ...

2002

2003

Internet use in % of all persons

Persons with ...

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010 HERRY 2011

Source: Statistik Austria, http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/informationsgesellschaft/ikt-einsatz_in_haushalten/index.html, 24.1.2011

Figure 162: Households with computer, internet access and broadband connections, persons with computer and internet use 2002 - 2010

Number of participants by Austrian mobile network operators 2007 - 2010 in [1.000] 5.000 4.500

Number of participants in [1.000]

4.000

4.834

4.967

4.496

3.959 3.651

3.400 3.446 3.273

3.500 3.000 2.500

2.117 2.047

2.000

2.267

2.294

1.500 893

1.000 513

500

935

655

0

A1 Telekom Austria

T-Mobile Q4/2007

Q4/2008

Orange (incl. Yesss!) Q4/2009

H3G Austria ("Drei")

Q2/2010

Source: Rundfunk und Telekom Regulierungs-GmbH, Telekom Monitor 4/2010, http://www.rtr.at/de/komp/TKMonitor_4_2010/TM4-2010.pdf, 11.1.2011

HERRY 2011

Figure 163: Number of participants by Austrian mobile network operators 2007 - 20010


Seite 235

12.3 Turnovers in the telecommunications industry Turnovers in the telecommunications industry in Austria 2003 - 2009 in [mio EUR]

Landline Mobile phone Broadband Dedicated line Total

2009

Share on total in [%] 2009

Change 2003/2009

24%

-40,9%

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

1.686

1.640

1.560

1.360

1.218

1.110

997

2.319

2.562

2.691

2.771

2.682

2.613

2.606

63%

12,4%

279

361

440

533

592

502

456

11%

63,4%

117

102

102

87

84

82

73

2%

-37,6%

4.401

4.665

4.793

4.751

4.576

4.307

4.132

100%

Table 186: Turnovers in the telecommunications industry in Austria 2003 - 2009

12.4 ICT in the EU member states Fixed broadband and mobile broadband penetration rate in the EU (Date: January 2010) Penetration rate (by population) Fixed broadband

Mobile broadband in [%]

BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27 Quelle: RTR-GmbH, Jahresbericht 2010

29,1 30,4 30,3 20,6 32,1 37,7 37,8 22,2 29,8 17,0 21,5 18,6 22,7 29,4 31,5 19,1 26,0 22,2 19,3 18,9 18,7 26,8 13,5 22,9 14,8 13,0 13,0 24,3

1,7 4,0 3,3 6,8 1,3 1,5 10,7 10,5 6,7 2,0 3,8 16,1 15,1 17,0 11,9 3,5 1,7 1,1 1,7 4,8 n/a 1,9 4,3 3,2 5,1 n/a 2,2 5,2 HERRY 2010

Table 187: Fixed broadband and mobile broadband penetration rate in the EU

Seite 236

-6,1% HERRY 2011

Source: RTR-GmbH, Communication Report 2005, 2008, 2009


Use of ICT in the EU 2008 [per 100 inhabitants] 250

per 100 inhabitants

200

150

100

50

0

LU

DE

IT

GB

PT

GR

SE

IE

NL

DK

AT

FI

ES

Mobile and fixed telephone contracts

BE

FR

EE

LT

Internet user

CY

CZ

HU

MT

SI

PL

LV

SK

Broadband contracts

Source: UNDP, Human Development Report 2010

HERRY 2011

Figure 164: Use of ICT in the EU 2008

Computer use of companies and households in the EU in [percent] (Date: December 2009) Share of the companies with ... in [%] broadband Use of Internet computer access connections 1 BE DE FR IT LU NL DK IE GB GR ES PT AT FI SE CZ EE CY LV LT HU MT PL SI SK BG RO EU-27 ²

n/a 98% 98% 96% 97% 100% 99% 93% 93% 92% 98% 95%

Share of the households with ... in [%] broadband Use of Internet computer access connections 1

n/a 97% 96% 94% 96% 96% 98% 91% 91% 89% 95% 93%

n/a 88% 92% 83% 87% 86% 82% 76% 85% 81% 93% 82%

71% 84% 69% 61% 88% 91% 86% 73% 81% 47% 66% 56%

67% 79% 63% 53% 87% 90% 83% 67% 77% 38% 54% 48%

63% 65% 57% 39% 71% 77% 76% 54% 69% 33% 51% 46%

99%

98%

76%

74%

70%

58%

100% 96% 97% 96% 91% 93% 96% 89% 96% 93% 98% 99% 88% 80%

100% 95% 95% 95% 88% 87% 95% 87% 94% 90% 96% 98% 83% 72%

94% 88% 77% 86% 82% 61% 57% 74% 93% 58% 85% 78% 68% 40%

80% 88% 60% 65% 61% 60% 57% 63% 67% 66% 71% 64% 32% 46%

78% 86% 54% 63% 53% 58% 60% 55% 64% 59% 64% 62% 30% 38%

74% 80% 49% 62% 47% 50% 50% 51% 63% 51% 56% 42% 26% 24%

96%

93%

82%

71%

65%

1

Under broadband connections there are DSL or other broadband connections (like cable, leased line) subsumed.

56% HERRY 2011

² EU-25-shares without Belgium (share of companies). Source: Statistik Austria, Statistische Nachrichten 2/2010, from: European survey on the use of ICT in companies 2009

Table 188: Computer use of companies and households in the EU (December 2009)


Seite 237

Share of landline and mobile communication at the number of active telephoned minutes in the EU 2008 in [Prozent] 100%

90%

90%

80%

80%

70%

70%

60%

60%

Minuten in [Prozent]

100%

50%

50%

EU-27-Durchschnitt

40%

40%

30%

30%

20%

20%

10%

10% 0%

0%

FI AT PT IE DK BE IT

ES GR FR GB NL SE LU DE

Mobile telephone

BG CZ RO LT SK LV HU EE CY PL SI MT

Landline telephone

Source: RTR, Telekom Monitor - Jahresbericht 2010, Wien 2011

HERRY 2011

Figure 165: Share of landline and mobile communication at the number of active telephoned minutes in the EU 2008

Seite 238


13 National FTI-funding initiatives and funding in the transport sector ways2go – innovation and technology for the change of the mobility requirements The focus of the program ”way2go“ is the future development of possible solutions for future-oriented, demand-driven transport systems and mobility solutions in passenger transport. A proactive and integrated approach was chosen involving different sciences and disciplines united to resolve current and future transport problems. In the period from 2008 to 2010 a total of 251 projects were submitted and 39 % supported by a fund with a volume of EUR 15.5 million. 41 % of the total funding went to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMES), 27 % research institutes, 23 % to universities, 5 % to large companies and 4 % to other companies. This shows the importance of the support of small enter-prises in the research field of future Mobility developments.

I2V – intermodality and interoperability of transport systems In the programme line “I2V” projects that deal with the development of intermodal transport solutions and interoperable employ, will be encouraged. The main focus is in the intermodal transport, in the intermodal freight transport, in the intelligent logistics and the environmental compatibility, but also intermodal or co-modal logistics solutions, a shift of goods traffic from from road to rail and inland waterway. The I2V subprogramme supported in the period from 2007 to 2010, in the form of four tendering phases, a total of 93 projects, with a total funding of around EUR 21 million, of which 42 % went to small and medium-sized enterprises, 27 % to research institutions, 16 % on large enterprises, 14 % on universities and 1 % on other companies.

A3plus – alternative drives and fuels The Austrian impulse programme “A3Plus” supports projects aimed at improving the future transport system by using innovative, energy-efficient and environment-friendly technologies or alternative fuels. New drive concepts for surface transportations, that will significantly improve the consumption and emission levels. 63 out of the 118 submitted projects - and therefore 217 organisations - have been supported between 2007 and 2010. In contrast the two programmes: ways2go and I2V distributed the funding differently: 35 % of the total of about EUR 23.1 million received large enterprises, 24 % universities, 20% research institutions, 19 % small- and medium-sized enterprises, and 2 % other companies from the lump sum.

TAKE OFF – the austrian aerospace technology research programme The programme “Take off“ aims to increase the competence of Austrian companies and research institutions, on the strengthening of the human capital, as well as on the improvement of the market entry chances for new technologies, products, and processes in the aviation segment. For the program ”Take off”, with a running time of 2002 to 2010, a total of 175 projects were submitted and more than half, namely 114 projects were supported. The entire support volume amounted to just under EUR 47.5 million, of which 37 % were sent to large companies, 35 % to small and medium-sized enterprises, 17 % to research institutes and 11 % to universities.


Seite 239

Conveying balance of the programme line ways2go

Submissions

Permits

Share

Year of grant funds Projects Participating organisations Total proposed costs Projects Participating organisations Approved costs Projects Organisations Total costs Funding

1st Call

2nd Call

3rd Call

2008

2009

2010

Total

83

89

79

233

290

282

805

€ 15.289.784

€ 19.526.541

€ 19.613.853

€ 54.430.178

36

30

31

97

251

129

115

113

357

€ 7.032.430

€ 6.895.018

€ 7.463.990

€ 21.391.438

43%

34%

39%

39%

55%

40%

40%

44%

46%

35%

38%

39%

€ 5.284.250

€ 5.217.678

€ 4.982.590

€ 15.484.518 HERRY 2011

Source: BMVIT, way2go Innovationszwischenbilanz 2011

Table 189: Conveying balance of the programme line ways2go

2.500.000

Conveying balance of the programm line ways2go by groups of funding recipients in [EUR] Total volume: 5.284.250 €

Total volume: 5.217.678 €


Total volume in [EUR]

2.000.000

1.500.000

1.000.000

500.000

0

1st Call

2nd Call

3rd Call

Small-sized enterprises

Medium-sized enterprise

Large companies

Research institutes

Universities

Other companies

Source: BMVIT, way2go Innovationszwischenbilanz 2011

Figure 166:

Seite 240

Conveying balance of the programm line ways2go by groups of funding recipients


HERRY 2011

Conveying balance of the programme line I2V

Submissions

Permits

Share


1st Call

2nd Call

3rd Call

4th Call

2007

2008

2009

2010

Total

43

48

63

66

162

165

234

244

805

€ 19.839.484

€ 17.894.708

€ 25.732.519

€ 20.521.757

€ 83.988.468

23

27

21

22

93

99

101

78

86

364

€ 9.742.620

€ 10.374.402

€ 9.080.513

€ 7.843.119

€ 37.040.654

53%

56%

33%

33%

42%

61%

61%

33%

35%

45%

49%

58%

35%

38%

44%

€ 5.152.894

€ 5.802.632

€ 5.062.348

€ 5.017.197

€ 21.035.071

220

HERRY 2011

Source: FFG, 2011

Table 190: Conveying balance of the programme line I2V

Conveying balance of the programm line I2V by groups of funding recipients in [EUR]

Total volume by groups of funding recipients in [EUR]

2.500.000





2.000.000

1.500.000

1.000.000

500.000

0

1st Call

2nd Call

3rd Call

4th Call



Large companies

Research institutes

Universities

Other companies HERRY 2011

Source: FFG, 2011

Figure 167:

Conveying balance of the programm line I2V by groups of funding recipients


Seite 241

Conveying balance of the programme line A3plus

Submissions

Permits

Share


1st Call

2nd Call

3rd Call

4th Call

Lead project

2007

2008

2009

2010

2008

Total

23

30

32

29

4

70

94

100

100

40

404

20.826.969

28.625.985

15.996.970

16.846.123

5.968.235

€ 88.264.282

15

18

14

13

3

63

40

57

46

47

27

217

€ 7.880.000

€ 13.864.581

€ 7.601.628

€ 9.151.380

€ 3.018.070

€ 41.515.659

65%

60%

44%

45%

75%

53%

57%

61%

46%

47%

68%

54%

38%

48%

48%

54%

51%

47%

€ 3.967.200

€ 6.835.506

€ 4.852.620

€ 6.094.780

€ 1.399.940

€ 23.150.046

118

HERRY 2011

Source: FFG, 2011

Table 191: Conveying balance of the programme line A3plus

Conveying balance of the programm line A3plus by groups of funding recipients in [EUR]


3.000.000



1st Call

2nd Call




Lead projects

2.500.000

2.000.000

1.500.000

1.000.000

500.000

0

3rd Call

4th Call



Large companies

Research institutes

Universities


Source: FFG, 2011

Figure 168:

Seite 242

Conveying balance of the programm line A3plus by groups of funding recipients


Conveying balance of the programme lines TAKE OFF

Submissions

Permits

Share


1st Call

2nd Call, 1st Qualification

2nd Qualification, 3rd Call

3rd Phases, 4th Call

5th Call, 6th Call

7th Call

8th Call

2002

2003

2004

2007

2008

2009

2010

Total

11

19

17

34

34

29

31

14

19

27

93

91

98

105

447

€ 44.535.100

€ 21.221.836

€ 25.955.185

€ 23.297.119

€ 31.639.437

€ 30.956.663

€ 29.309.022

€ 206.914.362 114

175

8

12

12

26

26

15

15

11

12

22

72

75

51

63

306

€ 23.275.078

€ 7.963.291

€ 11.578.488

€ 17.967.589

€ 18.263.340

€ 16.609.025

€ 14.857.551

€ 110.514.362

73%

63%

71%

76%

76%

52%

48%

65%

79%

63%

81%

77%

82%

52%

60%

68%

52%

38%

45%

77%

58%

54%

51%

53%

€ 4.085.000

€ 2.489.819

€ 4.222.738

€ 8.377.226

€ 9.849.880

€ 8.854.711

€ 9.462.813

€ 47.342.187 Herry 2011

Source: FFG, 2011

Table 192: Conveying balance of the programme lines TAKE OFF

Conveying balance of the programm line TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients in [EUR]


4.500.000








2002

2003

2004

2007

2008

2009

2010

4.000.000 3.500.000 3.000.000 2.500.000 2.000.000 1.500.000 1.000.000 500.000 0



Large companies

Research institutes

Universities


Source: FFG, 2011

Figure 169:

Conveying balance of the programm line TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients


Seite 243

Total Conveying balance of the programme lines ways2go, I2V, A3plus and TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients in [EUR] ways2go Small-sized enterprises Medium-sized enterprise Large companies Research institutes Universities Other companies Total

5.613.146

I2V

A3plus

TAKE OFF

Total

Percent

8.015.272

3.077.226

6.222.477

22.928.121

21%

702.750

769.871

1.300.650

10.397.045

13.170.316

12%

772.440

3.407.714

7.992.204

17.310.646

29.483.004

28%

4.183.832

5.714.611

4.743.726

8.210.290

22.852.459

21%

3.542.910 669.440

2.960.033 167.570

5.524.310 511.930

5.163.859 37.870

17.191.112 1.386.810

16% 1%

15.484.518

21.035.071

23.150.046

47.342.187

107.011.822

100% HERRY 2011

Quelle: BMVIT, way2go Innovationszwischenbilanz 2011; FFG

Table 193: Total Conveying balance of the programme lines ways2go, I2V, A3plus and TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients

Total support volume of the programme lines ways2go, I2V, A3plus und TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients in [EUR] Total volume by groups of funding recipients in [EUR]

18.000.000





I2V

A3plus

TAKE OFF

16.000.000 14.000.000 12.000.000 10.000.000 8.000.000 6.000.000 4.000.000 2.000.000 0

ways2go Small-sized enterprises


Large companies

Research institutes

Universities

Other companies

Source: BMVIT, way2go Innovationszwischenbilanz 2011; FFG, 2011

Figure 170:

Seite 244

HERRY 2011

Total support volume of the programme lines ways2go, I2V, A3plus und TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients


Geonomenclature (Status 2011) Federal States

European Union (EU-15) till 30.04.2004

B Burgenland

AT Austria

C Carinthia

BE Belgium

LU

Lower Austria

DE Germany

UA Upper Austria

DK Denmark

S Salzburg

ES Spain

ST Styria

FI Finland

T Tyrol

FR France

V Vorarlberg

GB Great Britain

VIE Vienna

GR Greece

IE Ireland

European Union (EU-27) since 1.1.2007

IT Italy

AT Austria

LU Luxembourg

BE Belgium

NL

CY Cyprus

PT Portugal

CZ Czech Republic

SE Sweden

DK Denmark

DE Germany

European Free Trade Zone (EFTA)

EE Estonia

CH Switzerland

ES Spain

IS Iceland

FI Finland

LI Liechtenstein

FR France

NO Norway

GB Great Britain

GR Greece

European Economic Area (EEA)

HU Hungary

EU

IE Ireland

IS Iceland

IT Italy

LI Liechtenstein

LT Lithuania

NO Norway

The Netherlands

European Union

LU Luxembourg LV Latvia

Accession and Candidate Countries

MT Malta

HR Croatia

NL

IS Iceland

The Netherlands

PL Poland

ME Montenegro

PT Portugal

MK Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

SE Sweden

TR Turkey

SI Slowenia SK Slowakia


Seite 245

Abbreviations AADT

Annual average daily traffic

ADR

Accord européen relatif au transport international des marchandises Dangereuses par Route (European agreement concerning the international transport of dangerous goods by Road)

AfA

Depreciation due to wear and tear

AMS

Public Employment Service Austria

ASFINAG

Motorway and expressway financing corporation

BAV

Austrian Federal Traffic Agency

BEV

Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying

BGBl.

Austrian Federal Law Gazette

BM

Reference mass

BM.I

Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior

BMF

Austrian Federal Ministry of Finance

BMLFUW

Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management, short: Austrian Environment Ministry

BMVIT

Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology

BMWA

Austrian Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour

BMWV

Austrian Federal Minstry of Science and Transport

BSTV

Federal Section of Transport and Traffic (WKÖ)

BVA

Federal budget estimate

CH4 Methane CMR

Convention relative au contrat de transport international de marchandises par route (short: Convention Marchandises Route)

CNG

Compressed natural gas

CO

Carbon monoxide

CO2

Carbon dioxide

CR

Central Register, Register of Residents

dB Decibel DB

German Railways

DSR

Permanent settlement area

ECE

Economic Commission for Europe

EEV

Enchanced Environmental Friendly Vehicle

ER

Exchange rate

ESA

European System of Accounts

EStG

Income-tax Law

EU

European Union

FEO

Federal Environment Office

FSV

Research Institute for Road - Rail - Transport in Austria

Seite 246


GDP

Gross domestic product

Gg Giga GRP

Gross regional product

GVW

Gross vehicle weight

GWh Gigawatt-hour HC Hydrocarbons ICT

Information and Communication Technology

ITF

International transport forum

IVB

Innsbrucker Verkehrsbetriebe und Stubaitalbahn GmbH

KfV

Austrian Road Safety Board

km

Kilometre

km2

Square kilometre

kWh

Kilowatt hour

Lden

Level day-evening-night (day-evening-night noise level)

LFC

Labor Force Concept

MC Mikrocensus MIT

Motorised individual transort

MÖSt

Petroleum tax

Mtoe

Million tons of oil equivalent

MVEG

Motor vehicle emissions group

NA

National Accounts

NFR

New format for reporting NH3 Ammonia

nMIT

Non-motorised individual transport (by foot, bicycle, etc.)

NMS

New member states

NMVOC

Non-methane volatile organic compound

NoVA

Standard fuel consumption tax

NOX

Nitrogen oxide

NST/R

Nomenclature uniforme de marchandise pour les statistiques de transport

OBU

On-Board Unit

ÖAMTC

Austrian automobile, motorbike and touring club

ÖBB

Austrian Federal Railways

OeNB

Austrian National Bank

ÖPNV

The public transportation network

ÖROK

Austrian conference for environmental planning

OLI

Austrian air pollutant inventory

OSS One-Stop-Shop pkm

Passenger kilometre

PM

Particular Matter VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

Seite 247

POPREG

Population Register

PPS

Purchasing power standard

PT

Public transport

ROE

Oil equivalent

RoLa

Rolling Road

RoRo Roll-on/roll-off RTR Gmbh Austrian Regulatory Authority for Broadcasting and Telecommunications RVS

Regulations and rules for roadways

SCG

Rail control Ltd

SO2

Sulphur dioxide

t Tonns TEN

Transeuropean Networks

TEU

Twenty Feet Equivalent Unit

tkm Tonne-kilometres TOFP

Tropospheric ozone formation potential

UCT

Unaccompanied transport

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

WIFO

Austrian Institute of Economic Research

WKÖ

Austrian Economic Chambers

ZTL

Center for transport, logistics, training & consulting Ltd

Seite 248


Table explanatory notes 0

Due to the selected unit, the value is too low to be displayed.

-

not correct or zero

n/a

data not available

Notation of numbers in tables, figures and maps: The comma [,] is used as the decimal mark and the dot [.] is used as the thousands separator.

Glossary of terms In the following glossary terms used in tables, diagrams, maps or in texts will be explained. In addition, supplementary and complementary terms (relating to definitions appearing in “Transport in Figures”) that are not cited, are clarified. The terms are arranged according to their appearance in the chapters. Do they appear more than one time, they are explained once and on other passages there is a reference to the explanation. 2 Spatial and socioeconomic basic facts Balance of births

Number of live births minus number of deaths

Classes of administrative district size

Population of municipalities

Consumer spending

Expenditure of a household, which flow into the retail.

Econonimcally active persons Sum of the employed and the unemployed Employed “at home“

Employed as well as military and civil servants who are primary resident in the relevant territorial unit at the time of the census.

Employed “at work“

Workers living at the workplace minus outward commuters plus inward commuters.

Employed persons

According to the Labor Force Concept (LFC) a person is working, if he has worked at least one hour as an employee, self-employed or helping in the family business within in the reference week. People who were on vacation or sick in the reference week, as well as persons in parental leave (no longer than 22 months) and apprentices are also considered employed, but not military and civil servants.

Employment rate

Percentage of workers in the population within working age and living in private households, excluding military and civil servants. The employment rate usually regarding to the 15-64-year olds.

EU accedences · · · · · · ·

establishing the European community for Coal and Steel 1950: Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands 1.1.1973: Accessions of Denmark, Ireland and Great Britain 1.1.1981: Accessions of Greece 1.1.1986: Accessions of Portugal and Spain 1.1.1995: Accessions of Austria, Sweden and Finland 1.5.2004: Accessions of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Cyprus and Hungary 1.1.2007: Accessions of Bulgaria and Romania


Seite 249

Family

Married or cohabiting couples with or without child (ren) or parents with child (ren).

Fixed-term contract

The employment is exercised irregular and only for a selected time period. Apprentices are not included.

Foreign trade

Commercial exchange of goods across national borders.

Foreign trade balance

Exports minus imports of goods

Forms of atypical employment

Part-time employment, as well as minor and temporary employment, contract and temporary work. Two other forms of atypical employment - “Freelance worker/ Stringer service contract“ and “new self-employment“ - have at least some characteristics of self-employment.

Free lancer/Free contract

The insurance as freelance staff according to the general Social Security Act is subject to persons, that

· commit to provide services for a definite or indefinite period of time, · in general personally deliver the services, · obtain a fee from this activity and · have no significant own resources. The services must be made for an employer (in the scope of his business, his business licence, his professional legal authority and to his impact area according to his statutes) or for certain public contractors. Private employers can not arrange for a freelance contract.

Full-time employment

Persons, who work regularly 36 hours per week or more.

GDP (gross domestic product) Result of the production activity (performance outcome) of resident producing units of a country over a period of time(usually a year) GDP at constant prices (real) Gross domestic product at basic prices of a particular year GDP at current prices

Gross domestic product at market prices

(Goods) export

Cross-border providing of economic services (goods) to foreign countries

(Goods) import

Cross-border procurement of commercial services (goods) from abroad

Gross/net median income

The median income divides people - related to their income - evenly in two groups. 50 percent persons earning more than the median income and 50 percent of all per sons earning less than the median income.

GRP (gross regional product) The GRP divided into the regions of a country. Household size

Number of people living in the same household.

Labour force concept (LFC)

Classification of persons to labour force, unemployed and non-working population. This concept is used in all member states of the European Union to generate uniformly and harmonized unemployment statistics.

Labour force participation rate Percentage of working population in the population within the working age. This value is usually calculated for the 15- to 64-year olds. Labour force potential

The total of registered unemployed and paid employed persons (According to the Federation of Austrian Social Security Institutions)

Seite 250


Labour force/working population

According to the labour force concept (LFC) persons, working at least one hour dependent, independent or as a family worker in the reference week, is economically active. Persons that were on holidays, ill or in maternity leave (not longer than 22 months) during the reference week as well as apprentices count as employed too. Civil and military servants are not included.

Land utilisation

Use of agricultural and forestry land for settlement, transport and economic pur- posses, as well as for disposal and energy purposes.

Migration balance

The difference between the number of persons having entered the territory and the number of persons having left the territory within a certain unit of time.

New self-employment

All commercial activities for which no business licenselicence is required. The characteristics of the new self-employment scheme are very similar to those of contractors with a trade licence: · personal and economic independence from the client, · The activities do not have to be exercised in person (contracting is allowed), · The contractor is not subject to instructions, · The Contractor has access to business infrastructure (office equipment, etc.).

Population balance

Birth rate minus migratory balance

Population density

Number of inhabitants (population) per surface of a given area (State, region, or alike), usually expressed in “Inhabitants per square kilometer“

(Private) household

Comprises the people living together as a living community.

Purchasing power standards (PPS)

Expressing the GDP in PPS (purchasing power standards) eliminates differences in price levels between countries.

Registered redundancies

Persons registered for placement service at the employment office, who are neither employed nor in an apprenticeship.

(Residential) population

In a defined area permanently residing persons, regardless of their citizenship.

Settlement area

Space, which after removal of alpine grassland, forest, barren land (rock and ice) and waters for settlement and agricultural management remains.

Share of traffic area

Share of traffic to the overall area of a region.

Temporary employment Employment is very irregular and only over a certain period of time. This does not include apprentices. Unemployed According to the Labor Force Concept (LFK) all persons aged 15 to 74 years are counted as unemployed, if they were a) without work during the reference week, b) currently available for work, i.e. were available within the two weeks following the reference week for paid employment or self-employment, c) actively seeking work, i.e. people who have in the past four weeks (including the reference week) made specific steps to seek paid employment or self-employment or those who found a job but waiting for the beginning of their employment, within a period not exceeding three months. Unemployment rate acording to national definition

Proportion of the number of unemployed persons registered at the Public Employment Service (AMS) and the total potential workforce. Potential work force is the proportion of the unemployed and the labor force, according to the Labor Force Survey (LFC). The labor force is the sum of workers and the unemployed, according to LFC.


Seite 251

3 Infrastructure Intermodal terminal

System for the handling of transport units for combined transport from one mode to another mode of transport.

Private railways in Austria

Achsenseebahn, Graz-Köflach Eisenbahn, Montafonerbahn, Niederösterreichische Schneebergbahn, Raaberbahn, Salzburger Lokalbahnen, Stern und Haffler Holding, Steiermärkische Landesbahn, Steiermarkbahn Transport und Logistik, Südburgen- ländische Regionalbahn, Wiener Lokalbahnen, Zillertaler Verkehrsbetriebe

Railway route classification

The RIV divides the railway network in route classes, which specify the maximum wheel load and the metre load of a route. The letters A to D inform about the wheel load and the digits 1 to 4 give the metre load.

RoLa (rolling road) RoRo (roll-on/roll-off)

Transport system for accompanied combined transport by rail. Using specially equipped carriages, trucks or articulated lorries (including the driver) are transported by rail (= accompanied combined transport)

Transport Master Plan

The Transport Master Plan Austria (GVP-Ö 2002) consists of the traffic policy and principles and the infrastructure programme for road, rail and Danube. The GVP-Ö is based on a advisory process with the aim of a strategic consensus over the important and urgent expansion projects of the traffic infrastructure.

Motor vessel or barge with special equipment for the excavation of vehicles or rolling carriers.

4 Parking space management Bike-&-Ride

Providing bike racks or boxes at the stops of public transport.

Park-&-Drive

Parking at the interfaces of the primary road network

Park-&-Ride

Parking and traveling or short: P + R, P & R, P+R or P&R refers to a principle of transport planning in which parking space for cars, sometimes even motorcycles and buses, are made available to nearby stops of public transport.

5 Stock of motor vehicle – Motorisation Microlight aircrafts

Summary of different types of aviation equipment and light aircrafts.

Motorisation rate

Ratio between of motor vehicles authorized in a specific region and the number of inhabitants of this region. Typically, the number of motor vehicles is expressed per 1000 inhabitants.

Motor glider

Aircraft, which can alternatively be flown in powered flight mode and gliding mode.

Rotary wing aircraft

Aircraft class to which the Gyrocopter and helicopter belong.

Vehicle classes 1 Category M1: Vehicles designed to transport passengers and carry more than eight seats excluding the driver‘s seat Category M2: Vehicles designed to transport passengers and carry more than eight seats in addition to the driver‘s seat and a maximum mass of up to 5 tons 1 1 vehicle classification pursuant to § 3 Motor Vehicles Act 1967 and Directive 2002/24/EC, 2003/37/EC, 2007/46/EC (replacing 70/156/ EEC) (26 CFG 51.KDV amendment or amendment).

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Category M3: Vehicles designed to transport passengers and carry more than eight seats in addition to the driver‘s seat and a maximum mass exceeding 5 tons Category N1: Goods vehicles with a maximum mass not exceeding 3,5 tons Category N2: Vehicles used for the carriage of goods and having a maximum mass exceeding 3.5 tons up to 12 tons Category N3: Vehicles used for the carriage of goods and having a maximum mass exceeding 12 tons Category L1e: two-wheel motorized vehicles (mopeds) Category L2e class: three-wheeled mopeds Category L3e: Motorcycles (small motorcycles, light motorcycles, “heavy“ bikes) Category L4e: motorcycles with sidecars Category L5e: motor tricycles Category L6e: light four-wheeled vehicle Category L7e: four-wheeled vehicles as defined in Directive 2002/24/EC

6 Mobility - Travel Behaviour Car sharing

Car sharing or shared car is the organized community use one or more cars

Commuters · Incoming/Outgoing commuters: People whose home, workplace or school location lies in different communities, so people who commute across municipal borders. · None-commuter: Persons whose place of residence or work and/or study are in the same house or on the same property. · Internal commuters: Persons whose place of work and/or study is located on another site, but within the municipality. Daily trip distance or mobility distance budget [km/(P*d)]

Total distance traveled of a person for all journeys trip throughout a (working) day.

Daily trip duration or mobility time budget [min/(P*d)]

Sum of the time required of a person for all journeys made throughout a (working) day.

home-to-home tours

Total travel between two anchor destinations, such as home and work, including both direct trips and chained trips with intervening stops. Note that it is possible to have the two anchor destinations be the same location, as in a home-to-home or work-to-work tour.

Index of commuters balance Labor force at their place of work divided by the labor force whose place of working is located at their residential city/area in percent. Index of commuters mobility Incoming commuters plus outgoing commuters divided by the working population in the resident city in percent. Modal-split (choice or split of means of transport)

Split ratio of traffic volume or power unit (e.g. paths, rides, tons, vehicle mileage, etc.) between various means of transport. The modal split can also describe the ratio between selected specific means of transport (e.g.: only motorized transport).

Out of house percentage (also mobility or transport participation ratio) [%]

The proportion percetage of “mobile“ population in the residential population. A person is counted as “mobile“ if he has left the house at least once a day and has taken paths out of the house. In contrast to that there is the “domesticity proportion“ which describes how large the proportion of people is that remain at home a day. VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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Trip and/or cruising speed (also door-to-door speed) [km/h]

Average speed of a trip, that is calculated by the trip distance and duration.

Trip distance [km/Trip]

Average length of a distance traveled, including entry and exit lengths (i.e. from “door to door“)

Trip duration (also path or travel time) [min/trip]

Average duration of distance traveled, including entry and exit times (i.e. from “door to door“)

Trip or ride

Means the movement of a person from one location to another, in the intention of performing a locally bound activity at the end of the path (destination) 2.

Trip purpose

Is determined by the activity at the target site to which one has traveled to.

Trips chains

Sequence of paths (during a defined period 3), by which the first path begins at home (source routing purpose is residential/“home“), the last path leads home (target path purpose is “home“) 4.

7 Transport volume, performance and loads Cross-border export

Transport volumes, which will be shipped to foreign countries.

Cross-border import

Transport volumes received from abroad.

Cross-border transport

Traffic that is initiated abroad and / or completed.

Domestic transport

Traffic, which is initiated and terminated within a defined region. (The region here is a state, province or another territorial unit).

Gross tons

In rail transport: Weight of transported goods (or passengers), plus the weight of the packaging and the weight of the carriage and train engine operating weight (= “weight of the locomotive (s)“)

Inland transport

Internal traffic of a state.

Net net tons

Weight of transported goods, excluding the weight of the container (e.g. the container or truck weight in combined transport).

Net tons

Weight of transported goods plus the weight of the shipping container.

RoLa (rolling country road)

See glossary - Chapter 3 - Infrastructure

RoRo (roll-on/roll-off)

See glossary - Chapter 3 - Infrastructure

Tonne-kilometres (tkm)

Measured transport performance (product of transport volume and its distance traveled).

Total gross tons

In rail traffic: weight of the transported goods (or of the persons carried) plus the weight of the container, the weight of the vehicles the weight of the locomotive(s).

Trans-european networks (TEN)

Priority, transnational (traffic) infrastructure within the EU, which was set by decision of the European Parliament and the Council 5.

2 This applies to routes that are carried out to “end in itself“, in which the pure words “itinerancy“ represents the end of the path, such as going for a walk. This is then also experience mobility. 3 The chains of trips presented in “Transort in Figures” are based on a time period of one (working) day. 4 HERRY M. [2001b]: Mobility of persons and goods, lecture notes TU Vienna 5 Decision no 884/2004/EC of the European Parliament and the Council from April 29th, 2004 amending Decision No 1692/96/EC on Community guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network.

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Transit

Traffic that is neither began nor ended in a defined region, however, affecting the region in respect to the traffic.

Transport performance

Product of transport volume (in a defined region) and its distance traveled.

Transport volume

Amount of goods transported (in a defined region).

8 Energy and Environment Acid equivalent

In acid-base balance, the equivalent of acids or acidic valences to basic valences.

CNG (compressed natural gas) Natural gas is transferred to different aggregate state in a technical process, so that a transport is made possible without pipelines. CO2-equivalent

Amount of greenhouse gases (e. g. N2O, CH4), which causes the same green house effect as a definied amount CO2. For example: The emission of one ton methane (CH4) corresponds to the greenhouse effect of 21 tons of CO2.

Decibel (dB)

Unit of measurement for sound pressure and sound power, for which the reference sound pressure with 20μPa (20 micro Pascal) and the reference sound power of 1 pW (1 picowatt) is defined

Emission

Release of a substance from a point or diffuse source into the atmosphere.

Emission standards, emission limits

European standards sets limit values for carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM) for motor vehicles and thus classifies the vehicles pollutant classes, in which they may be assigned to certain emissions code numbers used for instance for the calculation of road tax and the division into pollutant groups for environmental zones. The limits differ in both the motor type (petrol or diesel), as well as in the type of vehicle (cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles and mopeds) and is subject to increasing limitation within the European region. The values are measured in the type test during the driving cycle. The vehicle manufacturer has to ensure compliance with these limits for a specified period of time and mileage. This is done by field monitoring with call back in case of systemic errors. On some vehicles the additional emissions of fuel evaporation is limited and an on-board diagnostics (OBD) is required. Since 1st of September 2009 the Euro-5 standard applies for new cars in Europe, which is mandatory for all vehicles since January 2011.

Energy consumption

Sum of the energy supplied to the consumers (all forms of energy).

Energy efficiency

Ratio of useful energy obtained (the energy output is actually used - for example, light or movement) and energy required to achieve this useful energy.

Greenhouse gas emissions

The most important greenhouse gas emissions are: · carbon dioxide (CO2), · methane (CH4), · nitrous oxide (N2O) and · fluorinated greenhouse gases (f-gases).

Immission

Sum of all air pollution, noise, vibration, light, heat, radiation, or other similar phenomena, arising from an industrial plant (eg, power plant or waste incinerator) or products (e.g. motor vehicles) and affect an area.

Oil equivalent (ROE)

Unit of measurement for energy consumption, 1 kg oil equivalent (ROE) = 10.000 kcal = 41.868 kJ = 11,63 kWh.

PM (10, 2.5 etc.)

Particular matter, fine dust particles (up to a certain diameter; up to 10, 2.5 etc. micrometer) VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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Tropospheric ozone forming potential (TOFP)

Quantitative expression of the ground-level ozone forming potential. The equivalents are formed by the comparative Ozon-forming rates of the airborne pollutants carbon monoxide, methane, non-methane hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.

9 Traffic safety ADR regulations

Monitoring requirements for the vehicles for packaging, freight securing and labeling of dangerous goods in road transport.

Casualities

Persons injured (slightly, seriously, unknown injury grade) or killed in an accident. The classification in seriously and slightly injured takes place according to the regulations of the StGB (German Penal Code).

Child accident

An accident in which at least one child aged 0 to 14 years is involved.

Driver

Person driving a vehicle.

Interurban roads

Road network outside the urban area.

Non-motorised private transport (nMPT)

Every non-motorised locomotion in public places (e.g. to walk, to bike, to drive scooter etc.).

Passenger

Person other than the driver which is traveling in or on the vehicle.

Pupils or school way accident

An accident in which at least one child is involved in age from 6 to 14 years on the way to school (way to or from school, and school events as part of compulsory education).

Road casualties/Traffic deaths

Persons, who died at the place of the accident or within 30 days from the day of the accident as a result. In Austria this 30-days period is taken into account since 1992. This period definition replaces the 3-days period, that was used since 1966.

Road traffic accident with personal injury

Is the case if persons involved in a sudden traffic accident on public roads or other areas linked to traffic areas are injured, killed or otherwise harmed in their health, and at least one moving vehicle is involved.

Urban area

The area between the signs “place-name sign” (declaration of the place name) and “end of town” (the back of the place-name sign).

10 Transport costs and prices ARAMIS

Internet application for railway companies and infrastructure operators, which allows a client capable access to train data for information purposes. The Internet application ARAMIS is an online real-time train tracking allowing a client capable access to train data from the LeidisN.

Business liability insurance

Covers the fulfillment of third party damage claims and the defense of unauthorized claims for damages due to negligent or grossly negligent acts of the contractor, the legal representatives and employed family members, all workers and also the contractors and subcontractors (assistant liability).

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Car/vehicle costs

The costs consist of the following components:

· depreciation: average between trailer purchase/ sale according to Eurotax list · fixed costs: liability insurance level 9 and engine-related insurance tax · maintenance: costs for service, reparation and wheels (including a set of winter tires with rims) · fuel: current average consumption of respective type of fuel by assumed mileage by average costs per litre fuel of respective type of fuel · additional costs: EUR 25 per month for washing, parking, vignette, etc. are assumed Cargo insurance

Insurance to protect against the risks of a global transport by trucks, ships, planes, trains, etc.

CMR (convention marchandises route)

Convention on contract for the international transport sector. CMR governs primarily the responsibility of the carrier (in Austria on the basis of Federal Law Gazette 1961/138). CMR regulates the carrier‘s liability (in Austria based on BGBI 1961/138).

Combined transport

Transportation of goods in a container, that covers the distance on different means of transportation. A distinction is made between unaccompanied intermodal traffic (container traffic, removable superstructures, trailer trains) and accompanied intermodal traffic (e.g. rolling country road “RoLa” road/rail or “RoRo” roll-on/roll-off traffic road/ship).

Consumer price index (CPI)

Standard for the general prices trends and inflation in Austria.

Distance-related toll

Crucial for the amount of the toll on the respective section are the path length (number of kilometers), the category of the respective motor vehicle resulting from the number of axles and the EURO emission class. The distance-related toll concerns all vehicles over 3.5 tons.

Eco bonus

Social tariffs for season tickets, free tickets for students and apprentices, youth movements and environmental and half-price passes for apprentices, students, families, senior citizens, veterans, civilian blind and disabled.

Engine-related Vehicle tax for vehicles up to and including 3.5 tons of maximum gross weight insurance tax that is collected as part of the payment for the insurance by the insurance company. The vehicle insurance tax subject: · motorcycles, · cars and estate cars, · All other types of motor vehicles with a maximum gross weight of up to 3.5 tons, with the exception of tractors and motor trucks, which are authorized to be driven domestically and for which a motor vehicle liability insurance contract was concluded. Eurovignette Time-based road pricing between the European interconnected countries (Benelux, Denmark and Sweden). All trucks, truck trains and articulated vehicles over 12 tons maximum gross weight have to pay on the entire motorway network of these countries as well as on some national roads. The maximum amount of Euro Vignette tariffs for all EU member states that introduced a time-dependent tariff is determined in a Directive 6. Federal Budget (BVA)

Annual systematic collection of the yearly expected spending to cover the expenditures and the expected revenue of these expenditures.

Infrastructure user fee (IUF)

Compensation system for the usage of railway routes in Austria (”rail toll”).

6 Directive 2006/38/EG of the European Parliament and the Council from May, 17th 2006 amending Directive 1999/62/EC on the charging of heavy goods vehicles for the use of certain infrastructures.


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Mineral oil tax

In Austria is a consumption tax are taxed at the fuels and heating fuels from mineral oils. Depending on the product (eg, gasoline, diesel or LPG), composition (eg. sulfur content) and use (fuel or heating fuel) different tax rates apply By 1987 had earmarked the revenue for the federal road network, since they flow into the general federal budget.

Motor liability insurance

Covers all the costs another in the accident involved party can claim from the assured. This assurance is obligatory for all vehicles in operation. Hull insurances will even guarantee a greater level of protection. The partial coverage insurance protects against financial damages, e.g. in case of burglary and theft. The comprehensive insurance guarantees the highest level of protection against all accident costs as well as the complete protection of the partial coverage insurance.

Motor vehicle tax

Continuously due (monthly, quarterly or annually) taxes for inservice vehicles with a maximum gross weight of over 3.5 tons

MVEG-cycle European driving cycle for emissions and fuel consumption measurements on chassis dynamometers. On-Board Unit (OBU)

Electronic recording device, which is mounted in the vehicle and enables the auto matic detection of the toll.

RIV rent

International freight cars rent, regulated in the “Convention on the mutual use of wagons in international traffic“.

Standard consumption tax (NOVA) Special toll tariff

The NoVA supplies the commercial rental (leasing also from abroad) and does the self-import of not yet accepted vehicles for the domestic traffic. Including motorcycles, passenger cars, station wagons, vans, campers are also special vehicles such as quads (“four-wheeled motorcycles“). For special (routes)-sections, causing the production, expansion and construction and operational maintenance than average costs - increased toll rates apply per kilometer. On the A 13 is also a night rate for 4- and multi-axis truck

11 Infrastructure Costs – external Costs Lden (Level day-evening-night)

The day-evening-night level (=noise indicator). The evening hours (normally from 7 to 10 pm) are rated with an addition of 5 dB(A). Lden is defined in the directive on environmental noise 7 (guideline 2002/49/EG).

12 Information and communications technology (IKT) Highspeed Internet/ broadband internet

Enables a high data transfer rate via a cable TV network, an electricity network, a telephone network or a wireless network.

Networked Readiness Index

The Networked Readiness Index (NRI) measures the potential of countries to participate in development of information technology and telecommunications, and to benefit from it. The NRI has become a worldwide benchmark for a country‘s participation in the networked economy.

7 Directive 2002/49/EG of the European Parliament and the Council from June, 25th 2002 relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise.

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Lists List of tables Table 1:

Share of traffic area of total area and settelment area by federal states in Austria 2010....................... 5

Table 2:

Development of population density by federal states 1971 - 2010...................................................... 6

Table 3:

Population density in the EU and selected non-EU countries 2009 .................................................... 8

Table 4:

Population development in Austria 1971 - 2009............................................................................... 9

Table 5:

Population by age groups and sex in the annual average in Austria 2009......................................... 10

Table 6:

Population development by age groups 1970 - 2009...................................................................... 11

Table 7:

Population by age groups and federal states 2009......................................................................... 11

Table 8:

Population development by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009.................................................... 12

Table 9:

Number of communities by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009................................... 13

Table 10:

Number of inhabitants by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009..................................... 13

Table 11:

Population development in the EU and non-EU countries 1971 - 2009............................................ 14

Table 12:

Number of households by federal states 1971 - 2009..................................................................... 16

Table 13:

Families by type of family 1994 - 2008.......................................................................................... 17

Table 14:

Private households in the EU 2008............................................................................................... 18

Table 15:

Employed persons in place of home/work by federal states and sex 1971 - 2009.............................. 19

Table 16:

Development of the employed persons by federal states 1971 - 2009.............................................. 20

Table 17:

Development of the employed persons 2000 - 2009...................................................................... 20

Table 18:

Atypical employment relationships by sex 2009.............................................................................. 22

Table 19:

Development of the labour force participation and employment rate by sex 1971 - 2008.................. 22

Table 20:

Employed persons, employment rate, part-time employment rate, unemployment rate in the EU 2004 and 2009.................................................................................................................................... 23

Table 21:

Registered unemployed in Austria 1970 - 2009.............................................................................. 24

Table 22:

Development of the unemployment rate in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 2000 - 2009..... 25

Table 23:

Development of the gross regional product (GRP) and the GRP per capita in Austria from 1976 - 2008.... 26

Table 24:

Development of the gross regional product (GRP) and the GRP per capita in Austria from 1976 - 2008.... 27

Table 25:

Development of the gross domestic product (GDP) at current prices and purchasing power standards (PPS) in the EU and in selected none-EU countries 2000 - 2009.............................................................. 28

Table 26:

Development of import and export in freight transportation in Austria 1996 - 2009.......................... 29

Table 27:

Foreign trade in Austria by continents 2005 and 2009................................................................... 30

Table 28:

Austrian trading partners in Europe 2004, 2008 and 2009............................................................ 31

Table 29:

Development of foreign trade in the EU and in selected non-EU countries 1999 - 2009.................... 33

Table 30:

Private households' consumption expenditure by intended use at current prices 1976 - 2009............. 35

Table 31:

Development of gross and net annual median income of the employees in Austria 1997 - 2008 ....... 36

Table 32:

Total lengths of road network by federal states and road categories 2010 ....................................... 40 VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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Table 33:

Lengths of road network per inhabitants by federal states and road categories 2010 ........................ 40

Table 34:

Development of the road network (motorways and expressways) by federal states 1970 - 2010.......... 42

Table 35:

Lengths of motorway network in the EU 2001, 2007 and 2008....................................................... 43

Table 36:

Development of the number of road bridges for federal motorways and expressways 1999 - 2009.... 44

Table 37:

Road tunnels on federal motorways and expressways by tube number and total lengths 2009............ 45

Table 38:

The longest road tunnels in Austria 2009....................................................................................... 45

Table 39:

Total length of the austrian rail network (ÖBB and private railways) by federal states 2011................. 46

Table 40:

Development of the rail network 1970 - 2010................................................................................ 47

Table 41:

Rail tunnel and rail tunnel length by federal states and.................................................................... 48

Table 42:

Rail tunnels and rail tunnel lengths, crossing a border 2011............................................................. 48

Table 43:

Lengths of the rail network in the EU 2008..................................................................................... 49

Table 44:

Port infrastructure of the most important Austrian Danube ports 2010.............................................. 52

Table 45:

Intermodal freight terminals in Austria 2012................................................................................... 53

Table 46:

Rolling Road terminals in Austria 2012........................................................................................... 56

Table 47:

One hour parking - city comparison.............................................................................................. 62

Table 48:

Electronic parking systems in Austria 2011..................................................................................... 63

Table 49:

Certificate of exemption for residents in the federal state capitals 2010............................................ 64

Table 50:

Parking garage fees in selected cities in Austria 2010..................................................................... 68

Table 51:

Range of two-wheeler parking spaces at interfaces of the public transport by federal states 2009...... 72

Table 52:

Official Park and Drive-facilities in Lowre Austria 2011.................................................................... 72

Table 53:

Stock of motor vehicles by vehicle types and types of engine in Austria 2009.................................... 75

Table 54:

Stock of motor vehicles by federal states and types of engine in Austria 2009................................... 75

Table 55:

Development of stock of motor vehicles 1965 - 2009..................................................................... 76

Table 56:

Development of cars and estate cars by types of engine 1965 - 2009.............................................. 77

Table 57:

Development of stock of cars and estate cars by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009...................... 78

Table 58:

Development of stock of cars and estate cars in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1970 - 2008...80

Table 59:

Stock of cars by types of engine in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1995 - 2008..................... 81

Table 60:

Motorisation by federal states and vehicle categories 2009............................................................. 82

Table 61:

Development of motorisation in Austria 1965 - 2009..................................................................... 83

Table 62:

Development of motorisation by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009............................................. 84

Table 63:

Development of motorisation in the EU and selected non-EU countries 1970 - 2008........................ 85

Table 64:

Railway: Rolling stock in Austria 1970 - 2007................................................................................. 86

Table 65:

Stock of watercrafts in Austria 1975 - 2002.................................................................................... 86

Table 66:

Stock of airplanes including general aviation (privat planes) in Austria 1995 - 2009.......................... 86

Table 67:

Modal split by federal states 1995, Carinthia 2009, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004, Vienna 2001, 2003 and 2009, Upper Austria 2001.................. 101

Table 68:

Modal split by employment in Austria 1995, Lower Austria 2008 and the City of Salzburg 2004...... 103

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Table 69:

The 10 most frequent models of daily trip chains in Vienna, in the surrounding area of Vienna 1995, in the city of Salzburg 2004 and in Carinthia 2009...................................................................... 106

Table 70:

The 10 most frequent models of from home to home trip chains in Vienna 1995, in the surrounding area of Vienna 1995, Lower Austria 2003 and the in the city of Salzburg 2004.............................. 106

Table 71:

Commuters by commuter categories and federal states in Austria 1971 - 2001............................... 108

Table 72:

Commuter indices by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2001........................................................... 109

Table 73:

Commuters in the rush-hour traffic by used means of transport 2001..............................................111

Table 74:

Means of transport by type of travel and trip duration of the Austrians 2008....................................112

Table 75:

Car Sharing as MIT-driver by sex in Autria 2007............................................................................113

Table 76:

Car Sharing as MIT-driver by sex, age and federal states in Austria 2007........................................113

Table 77:

Car Sharing as MIT-driver by federal states in Austria 2007............................................................113

Table 78:

Changes of freight transport volume by mode of transport in Austria 2005 and 2009......................119

Table 79:

Transport volume of freight transport by type and mode of transport 2009......................................119

Table 80:

Road freight transport in Austria by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport 2009............ 122

Table 81:

Dispatch of goods on rail by federal states in Austria 2009........................................................... 123

Table 82:

Receipt of goods on rail by federal states in Austria 2009............................................................. 123

Table 83:

Rail freight transport by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport in Austria 2009............... 124

Table 84:

Road/rail modal-split in freight transport volume by group of goods (NST2007) and type of transport 2009.....126

Table 85:

Combined freight transport volume - development in Austria 1996 - 2009..................................... 127

Table 86:

Development of freight transport volume on the Austrian Danube type of transport 1995 - 2009..... 128

Table 87:

Number of lockings of watercrafts in freight transport on the Danube 2009 ................................... 128

Table 88:

Transport volume by groups of goods (NST/R-10) and type of transport on the Austrian Danube 2009... 129

Table 89:

Transport volume in combined transport on the Austrian Danube 1996 - 2009.............................. 130

Table 90:

Development of air cargo volume at Austrian airports 1955 - 2010............................................... 132

Table 91:

Air cargo volume at Austrian airports 2010.................................................................................. 133

Table 92:

Development of transport volume through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009.....134

Table 93:

Development of road freight transport volume (domestic and foreign) (in the reporting country registered trucks) in EU member states 1999 - 2009................................................................................... 135

Table 94:

Rail freight transport volume in EU member states 2003 - 2009.................................................... 136

Table 95:

Passenger transport volume by means of transportation and federal states in Austria 2005.............. 137

Table 96:

Rail passengers 1992 - 2009...................................................................................................... 138

Table 97:

Development of rail passenger transport in the EU 2004 - 2009................................................... 139

Table 98:

Development of commercial air transport at Austrian airports 1955 - 2010.................................... 140

Table 99:

Commercial air transport at Austrian airports 2010...................................................................... 140

Table 100: Changes of freight transport performance in Austria by mode of transport 2005 and 2009............. 142 Table 101: Freight transport performance in Austria 2009............................................................................. 142 Table 102: Combined freight transport performance (rail) in Austria 1996 - 2009........................................... 145


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Table 103: Development of freight transport performance on the Austrian Danube by type of transport 1995 - 2009............................................................................................................................. 146 Table 104: Development of freight transport performance through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009............................................................................................................................ 147 Table 105: Development of road freight transport performance (domestic and foreign)(in the reporting country registered HGV) in the EU 1995 - 2009...................................................................................... 148 Table 106: Development of rail freight transport performance in the EU 1995 - 2009...................................... 149 Table 107: Passenger transport performance by means of transportation........................................................ 150 Table 108: Development of passenger transport performance with rail and road (car) 1970 - 2009.................. 151 Table 109: Development of road (car) passenger transport performance in the EU 1990 - 2008...................... 152 Table 110: Development of rail passenger transport performance in the EU 1995 - 2009................................ 153 Table 111: Traffic load on selected road sections 2010, annual average daily traffic........................................ 156 Table 112: Traffic load on selected road sections 2010, annual average work day.......................................... 157 Table 113: Comparison of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria by routes and mode of transport 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009......................................................................................................................... 163 Table 114: Transport type and mode of transport of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009.................................................................................................................................. 164 Table 115:

Development of Modal-split of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009.... 166

Table 116: Cross-Alpine freight transport (HGV over 3,5t HGV) on Austrian roads by transport type and utilisation 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009...................................................................................................... 166 Table 117: Cross-Alpine freight transport with road and rail by group of goods (NST2007) 2009..................... 167 Table 118: Cross-Alpine freight transport on the corridor Brenner by transport type and mode of transport 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009............................................................................................................... 168 Table 119: Number of runs on the corridor Brenner by vehicles-categories and gross vehicle weight (HGV) 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009............................................................................................................... 169 Table 120: Nationalities by transport type and HGV-type on the corridor Brenner 2009................................... 169 Table 121: Emission standards for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles with EURO 5..........................174 Table 122: Emission standards for heavy goods vehicles (over 3,5 t hzG) with EURO III to EEV..........................174 Table 123: Fuel consumption and change in consumption in Austria 1996 - 2009........................................... 175 Table 124: Energy efficiency by means of transport in Austria 1990 - 2009......................................................176 Table 125: Energy consumption in transport in the EU by means of transport 2007.......................................... 177 Table 126: Final energy consumption in the EU by sectors 2007..................................................................... 178 Table 127: Emissions by groups of polluters in Austria and shares of transport emissions 1990 - 2009 (exclusively emitted in the inland)................................................................................................. 179 Table 128: Development of the emissions of all means of transportation in Austria 1990 - 2009 (exclusively emitted in the inland)................................................................................................. 179 Table 129: Emissions by groups of polluters in Austria and shares of transport emissions 1990 - 2009 (incl. fuel consumed abroad) ...................................................................................................... 180 Table 130: Development of emissions of all means of transport in Austria 1990 - 2009 (incl. fuel consumed abroad)....................................................................................................... 180 Seite 262


Table 131:

Emissions from tank-tourism 1990 - 2010).................................................................................. 181

Table 132: Selected emissions of road transport in the EU 2000 - 2007......................................................... 182 Table 133: Emissions and target values for 2008 - 2012 by sources of emission in the Austrian climate strategy (2007) 1990 - 2008............................................................................................................................ 183 Table 134: Threshold values introduced for the planning of action according to the “Bundes-Umgebungslärschutz-. verordnung“ (BGBl. II Nr. 144/2006).......................................................................................... 184 Table 135: Persons disturbed by noise in Austria by type of noise source and federal states 2007..................... 185 Table 136: Development of the aircraft noise at the airport Vienna - Schwechat 1980 - 2009.......................... 186 Table 137: Persons affected by smell, dust and soot in Austria by polluters and federal states 2007.................. 187 Table 138: Number of road traffic accidents and persons injured and killed in road accidents by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009.......................................................................................................... 191 Table 139: Development of road accidents, persons injured and killed in Austria 1961 - 2009......................... 193 Table 140: Development of road traffic deaths measured by stock of motor vehicles 1965 - 2009.................... 194 Table 141: Road traffic accidents, persons injured and killed in the EU and selected non-EU countries 2008..... 195 Table 142: Number of casualties by age and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009....................... 196 Table 143:

Persons injured and killed by type of involvement in traffic and road class in Austria 2009.............. 197

Table 144: Casualities by severity of injury and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009.................... 197 Table 145: Child casualties by road user type and federal states in Austria 2009............................................. 198 Table 146: Pupil casualties by federal states 2009......................................................................................... 199 Table 147: Seniors injured and/or killed in Austria 2009................................................................................200 Table 148: Fatal road traffic accidents by presumable main causes in Austria 2000 - 2009............................. 201 Table 149: Speed of cars and motorcycles on the high-level Austrian road network 2002 - 2005..................... 202 Table 150: Traffic control balance by federal states in Austria 2010................................................................ 204 Table 151: Heavy vehicles and dangerous goods monitoring in Austria 2010.................................................. 204 Table 152: Road accident costs in Austria 1993, 2004 und 2006.................................................................. 205 Table 153: Average accident costs (road) of one cost unit and/or of one material damage in Austria 1993, 2004 and 2006............................................................................................................... 205 Table 154: Railway accidents by type of accident in Austria 2008 und 2009................................................... 206 Table 155: Injured and killed persons in rail transport in Austria 2008 und 2009............................................ 206 Table 156: Injured and killed persons in rail transport at railway crossings in Austria 2007 - 2009.................... 206 Table 157: Amount of engine-related insurance tax (vehicle circulation tax) in Austria 2011.............................. 210 Table 158: Amount of vehicle circulation tax over 3.5 tons in Austria 2011.......................................................211 Table 159: Vehicle purchase tax based on standard fuel consumption in Austria 2010......................................211 Table 160: Distance-related toll tariffs for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2011.......................................................................................................................... 212 Table 161: Special motorway tolls for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW in Austria 2011............................................... 213 Table 162: Distance-related toll for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2012....214 Table 163: Special motorway tolls for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW in Austria 2012............................................... 214 VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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Table 164: Tariffs of the Austrian motorway vignette 2011.............................................................................. 215 Table 165: Special tolls on the Austrian federal roads for vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW 2011............ 215 Table 166: Tariffs of the Austrian motorway vignette 2012............................................................................. 216 Table 167: Special tolls on the Austrian federal roads for vehicles up to and including 3.5 t GVW 2012............ 216 Table 168: Road tolls in the EU Member States 2010..................................................................................... 217 Table 169: Revenues from transport relevant charges and fees in Austria 2009............................................... 218 Table 170: Development of the Austrian federal revenues from charges of section “transport“ 1995 - 2010...... 218 Table 171: Infrastructure investments in the infrastructure of federal roads and railways 2001 - 2011................ 219 Table 172: Prices of user charges - Standard package TRAIN PATH and TRAIN RUN 2011.............................. 220 Table 173: The Austrian Consumer Price Index in the sector “transport“ 2005 - 2010...................................... 224 Table 174: Average cost structure in commercial local and long-distance road haulage in Austria 2006........... 225 Table 175: Car cost structure in Austria 2010............................................................................................... 226 Table 176: Expenses in road transport 2010................................................................................................. 228 Table 177: Reference values of roads at current prices in Austria (price validity: 2009)..................................... 228 Table 178: Accident cost rates and accident rates by standardised types of roads in Austria 2009.................... 228 Table 179: Pollutant cost rates in Austria (price validity: 2009)....................................................................... 229 Table 180: Cost of traffic-related noise pollution in Austria 2002................................................................... 229 Table 181: Costs of traffic-related emissions in the EU 2002.......................................................................... 230 Table 182: Maximum amounts for the costs of traffic-related air pollution in Austria......................................... 231 Table 183: Maximum amounts for the costs of traffic-related noise pollution................................................... 231 Table 184: Development of the internet use in Austria 1996 - 2010................................................................ 233 Table 185: Development of the internet use by target groups in Austria 1997 - 2010....................................... 234 Table 186: Turnovers in the telecommunications industry in Austria 2003 - 2009............................................ 236 Table 187: Fixed broadband and mobile broadband penetration rate in the EU.............................................. 236 Table 188: Computer use of companies and households in the EU (December 2009)...................................... 237 Table 189: Conveying balance of the programme line ways2go..................................................................... 240 Table 190: Conveying balance of the programme line I2V............................................................................. 241 Table 191: Conveying balance of the programme line A3plus........................................................................ 242 Table 192: Conveying balance of the programme lines TAKE OFF................................................................. 243 Table 193: Total Conveying balance of the programme lines ways2go, I2V, A3plus and TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients.................................................................................................... 244

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List of figures Figure 1:

Share of traffic area of settlement area by federal states in Austria 2010............................................ 5

Figure 2:

Development of population density by federal states 1971 - 2010..................................................... 6

Figure 3:

Population density in the EU 2009.................................................................................................. 8

Figure 4:

Population, balance of births and migration 1981 - 2009................................................................. 9

Figure 5:

Population in Austria by age groups and sex in Austria 2009.......................................................... 10

Figure 6:

Population by sex and federal states in Austria 2009...................................................................... 12

Figure 7:

Percentage of the inhabitants by classes of municipal size and federal states 2009........................... 13

Figure 8:

Population change in the EU 1991 to 2009................................................................................... 15

Figure 9:

Percentage of the population 2009 within the EU........................................................................... 15

Figure 10:

Percentage of the private households by size of households 1951 - 2009........................................ 16

Figure 11:

Development of the average size of households 1951 - 2010.......................................................... 17

Figure 12:

Private households by size of households in the EU 2008............................................................... 18

Figure 13:

Change of the employed persons at home/work by federal states and sex 1991 to 2009.................. 19

Figure 14:

Employed persons by status in employment 2009.......................................................................... 21

Figure 15:

Employed persons by full/part-time jobs and fluctuating working time 1999 - 2009.......................... 21

Figure 16:

Employment and part-time employment rate in the EU 2009.......................................................... 23

Figure 17:

Development of the unemployment rate by federal states 1970 - 2009............................................ 24

Figure 18:

Unemployment rate in the EU 2009.............................................................................................. 26

Figure 19:

GRP per capita by federal states 2000, 2007 and 2008................................................................ 27

Figure 20:

GDP per capita at current prices and purchasing power standards (PPS) in the EU 2009.................. 29

Figure 21:

Index of the development of imports and exports in freight transport in Austria based on the quantity and value of goods 1996 - 2009.................................................................................................. 30

Figure 22:

Imports and exports in the EU 2009............................................................................................. 32

Figure 23:

Imports and exports in the EU 2009............................................................................................. 34

Figure 24:

Foreign trade balance of the EU 2009.......................................................................................... 34

Figure 25:

Development of private consumers expenditure in "transport" from the national accounts at current prices 1976 - 2009..................................................................................................................... 35

Figure 26:

Change of gross and net annual median income of the dependent labour force from 2004 to 2008..36

Figure 27:

Lengths of road network per inhabitants by federal states and road categories 2010........................ 41

Figure 28:

Development of the road network (motorways and expressways) by federal states 1942 - 2010......... 42

Figure 29:

Lengths of motorway network per land area in the EU 2001 and 2007............................................ 43

Figure 30:

Lengths of motorway network per inhabitants in the EU 2001 and 2007.......................................... 44

Figure 31:

Development of the rail network 1970 - 2010................................................................................ 47

Figure 32:

Tunnel lengths of the rail network by federal states 2011................................................................. 48

Figure 33:

Length of the rail network per land area in the EU 2008................................................................ 49


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Figure 34:

Length of the rail network per inhabitants in the EU 2008............................................................... 50

Figure 35:

Parking space management in Vienna – a comparison before and after the introduction of the parking space management......................................................................................................... 65

Figure 36:

Parking space management in Vienna-environment of the Stadthalle - utilization at a day “without“ an event in the Stadthalle – a comparison before and after the introduction of the parking space management...66

Figure 37:

Parking space management in Vienna-environment of the Stadthalle - utilization at a day “with“ an event in the Stadthalle – a comparison before and after the introduction of the parking space management...66

Figure 38:

Average monthly rent for permanent parking in parking garages in Vienna by districts 2010............. 69

Figure 39:

Average parking garage fees for 3 hours in selected European cities 2011....................................... 69

Figure 40:

Top prices of Park & Ride facilities - comparison of European cities 2009........................................ 71

Figure 41:

Development of stock of motor vehicles including trailers 1965 - 2009............................................ 76

Figure 42:

Percentage of petrol and diesel vehicles of stock of cars and estate cars 1965 - 2009...................... 77

Figure 43:

Changes in stock of cars and estate cars by federal states in 3 decades from 1971 - 2001 and from 2001 - 2009.............................................................................................................................. 78

Figure 44:

Development of stock of lorries by EURO-classes in Austria 1991 - 2009........................................ 79

Figure 45:

Development of CO2-Emissions in [g/km], cubic capacity in [cm³], power output in [g/km] and vehicle weight in [kg] of newly registered petrol and diesel cars in Austria 2000 - 2009 .............................. 79

Figure 46:

Changes in stock of cars and estate cars in the EU in 3 decades from 1970 - 2000 and from 2000 - 2008...80

Figure 47:

Percentage of stock of cars by types of engine in the EU 2008........................................................ 81

Figure 48:

Motorisation by federal states and vehicle categories in Austria 2009.............................................. 82

Figure 49:

Development of motorisation in Austria 1965 - 2009..................................................................... 83

Figure 50:

Development of motorisation by federal states in Austria 1971 - 2009............................................84

Figure 51:

Motorisation in the EU 2008........................................................................................................ 85

Figure 52:

Driving licence by federal states in Austria and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004................................................................................................ 91

Figure 53:

Driving licence by age-groups and sex in Lower Austria 2008 and in comparison to 2003.............................. 91

Figure 54:

Passenger car availability by age and sex in Lower Austria 2008.....................................................................92

Figure 55:

Stock of cars and estate cars per houshold in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008...........................................92

Figure 56:

Out-of-house share by federal states and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004...................................................................................................................93

Figure 57:

Out-of-house shares by age groups Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008........................................................93

Figure 58:

Trips per person and mobile person by federal states 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, Upper Austria 2001, Carinthia 2009 and metropolitan area Salzburg 2004 .................................................. 94

Figure 59:

Trips per mobile person by age groups and sex in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008.................................... 94

Figure 60:

Mean trip length in [km] by federal states and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004...................................................................................................................95

Figure 61:

Distribution of workday trip length of car trips in Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2008.......................................95

Figure 62:

Mean workday trip length by means of transport and main regions in Lower Austria 2008.............................. 96

Figure 63:

Cumulative frequency of workday trip distances by means of transport in Lower Austria 2008......................... 96

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Figure 64:

Average trip duration per person in [minutes] by federal states and sex 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004....................................................... 97

Figure 65:

Average trip duration in [minutes] by means of transport in Lower Austria und Vorarlberg 2003 und 2008...... 97

Figure 66:

Chronological sequence of workday trip starting times per day by trip purpose in Lower Austria 2003... 98

Figure 67:

Chronological sequence of workday trip starting times per day by trip purpose in Lower Austria 2008 ... 98

Figure 68:

Choice of “walking“ (at least 250 metre) for daily trips by federal states 2007.................................. 99

Figure 69:

Choice of “bicycle“ for daily trips by federal states 2007................................................................. 99

Figure 70:

Choice of “public transport“ (bus, railway, tramway, subway)........................................................ 100

Figure 71:

Choice of “car“ (driver, passenger) for daily trips by federal states 2007........................................ 100

Figure 72:

Modal split by federal states 1995, Carinthia 2009, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004, Vienna 2003, 2009 and Upper Austria 2001........................... 102

Figure 73:

Share of trips by means of transport and sex in Austria 1995 and Lower Austria 1995, 2003 and 2008...102

Figure 74:

Development of modal split of the city of Graz 1982 - 2008........................................................ 103

Figure 75:

Shares of trips by trip purpose and modal split in Lower Austria 2008........................................... 104

Figure 76:

Workaday/Sunday traffic volume of the Lower Austrian population by trip purpose 2008................ 104

Figure 77:

Average daily trip length per person in [km] by federal states and sex in Austria 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004.............................................................. 105

Figure 78:

Average daily trip duration per person in [minutes] by federal states and sex in Autria 1995, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg 2003 and 2008, metropolitan area Salzburg 2004.......................... 105

Figure 79:

Bicycle-transport performance by federal states in Austria 2010.................................................... 107

Figure 80:

Annual kilometres per bicycle by federal states in Austria 2010..................................................... 107

Figure 81:

Bicycle counting stations in Vienna, Graz and Salzburg 2009....................................................... 108

Figure 82:

Commuters by commuter categories and federal states in Austria 2001......................................... 109

Figure 83:

Expenditure of time of commuter for the way to work 2001............................................................111

Figure 84:

Means of transport by the type of travel of the Austrians 2009.......................................................112

Figure 85:

Modale share of freight transport volume 2009........................................................................... 120

Figure 86:

Shares of transport types by tranport modes of freight transport volume 2009............................... 120

Figure 87:

Shares of transport modes by transport types of freight transport volume 2009.............................. 121

Figure 88:

Modal-split (road/rail) of freight transport volume by group of goods (NST2007) in Austria 2009... 125

Figure 89:

Combined freight transport volume - development in Austria 1996 - 2009.................................... 127

Figure 90:

Transshipment at Austrian Danube ports 2009............................................................................ 129

Figure 91:

Index of the air cargo volume at Austrian airports 1964 - 2010..................................................... 132

Figure 92:

Development of air cargo volume at the Vienna Airport (only freight - unloaded, loaded, transit) 2005 - 2010............................................................................................................................. 133

Figure 93:

Development of transport volume through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009...134

Figure 94: Road freight transport (in the reporting country registered trucks) per inhabitants in EU member states 2009........................................................................................................................................ 135 Figure 95:

Rail freight transport volume per inhabitants in EU member states 2008........................................ 136 VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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Figure 96:

Passenger transport volume by means of transportation and federal states in Austria 2005............. 137

Figure 97:

Bus and rail passengers of ÖBB (Austrian Railway) 2007 - 2009.................................................. 138

Figure 98:

Number of rail passengers per inhabitant in the EU 2007............................................................. 139

Figure 99:

Index of passengers at the Austrian airports 1964 - 2010............................................................. 141

Figure 100: Number of passengers of scheduled flights 2009 (to and from Vienna, transit excluded)................. 141 Figure 101: Shares of transport modes of freight transport performance in Austria 2009.................................. 142 Figure 102: Shares of transport types by tranport modes freight transport performance in Austria 2009............ 143 Figure 103: Shares of transport modes by transport types freight transport performance in Austria 2009........... 143 Figure 104: Combined freight transport performance - development in Autria 1996 - 2009............................. 145 Figure 105: Development of freight transport performance on the Austrian Danube by type of transport 1995 - 2009.. 146 Figure 106: Development of freight transport performance through pipelines in Austria (Domestic, Import, Transit) 1966 - 2009............................................................................................................................. 147 Figure 107: Development of road freight transport performance (domestic and foreign) (in the reporting country registered trucks) in the EU 1995 - 2009................................................. 148 Figure 108: Rail freight transport performance per inhabitant n the EU 2008................................................... 149 Figure 109: Passenger transport performance by means of transportation 1990 - 2008 .................................. 150 Figure 110: Development of passenger transport performance with rail and road 1970 - 2009........................ 151 Figure 111: Road (car) passenger transport performance per inhabitant.......................................................... 152 Figure 112: Rail passenger transport performance per inhabitant in the EU 2008............................................ 153 Figure 113: Development of vehicle performance on federal and secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1990 - 2009...................................................................................................... 154 Figure 114: Development of HGV performance on federal und secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1990 - 2009...................................................................................................... 154 Figure 115: Development of traffic performance on federal und secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1970 - 2009............................................................................................................................. 155 Figure 116: Development of traffic performance (all vehicles) on federal and secondary roads based on automatic traffic counting 1976 - 2009...................................................................................................... 155 Figure 117: Traffic load of vehicles at selected road sections 2010, annual average daily traffic........................ 156 Figure 118: Traffic load on selected road sections 2010, annual average work day.......................................... 157 Figure 119: Modal shares of freight transport volume of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009..................................................................................................... 165 Figure 120: Road transport volume by transport type of Cross-Alpine freight transport in Austria 1994, 1999, 2004 und 2009..................................................................................................... 165 Figure 121: Road freight transport > 3,5 t by nationalities on the motorway “Brenner“ 2009........................... 169 Figure 122: Development of the European emission limits for the diesel engines 1990 - 2009...........................174 Figure 123: Development of fuel consumption by types of fuel in Austria 1996 - 2009..................................... 175 Figure 124: Energy consumption per inhabitant of transport in the EU 2007.................................................... 177 Figure 125: Final energy consumption by sectors in the EU 2007.................................................................... 178 Figure 126: Development of the CO2-emission in road traffic from 1990 to 2004........................................... 181 Seite 268


Figure 127: CO2-emission per inhabitant in the EU 2008.............................................................................. 182 Figure 128: Emissions and target values for 2008-2012 by sources of emission in Austria 1990, 2008.............. 183 Figure 129: Persons affected by traffic noise by causing means of transport 2007............................................ 184 Figure 130: Persons disturbed by noise in Austria by types of noise source and federal states 2007................... 185 Figure 131: Development of aircraft movement and of treated area with noise in [km²] over 66 dB(A) at airport Vienna-Schwechat 1980 - 2009.................................................................................. 186 Figure 132: Key drivers of dust and/or soot annoyance by federal states in Austria 2007................................. 187 Figure 133: Road traffic accidents involving injuries per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009........................................................................................................................ 191 Figure 134: Persons injured in road traffic accidents per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009........................................................................................................................ 192 Figure 135: Deaths in road traffic accidents per 100.000 inhabitants by federal states in Austria 2008 and 2009.... 192 Figure 136: Development of road accidents, person injured and killed in Austria from 1961 - 2009.................. 193 Figure 137: Development of road traffic deaths measured by stock of motor vehicles 1965 - 2009................... 194 Figure 138: Road traffic accidents, persons injured and killed per 100.000 inhabitants in the EU 2008............. 195 Figure 139: Casualties by age and type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009...................................... 196 Figure 140: Development of the child casualties by road user type and federal states in Austria 1996 - 2009..... 198 Figure 141: Pupil casualties and pupils injured by federal states in Austria 2009.............................................. 199 Figure 142: Share of injured and/or killed seniors at all casualties and/or fatalities by type of involvement in road traffic in Austria 2009........................................................................................................200 Figure 143: Percentage of car passengers with an accident with/without seat belt by level of injury in Austria 2005... 200 Figure 144: Share of presumable main causes of fatal road traffic accidents in Austria - Comparison of 2000 and 2009........................................................................................................................ 201 Figure 145: Counting stations in the high-level Austrian road network with a high percentage of violation of speed limits 2005...................................................................................................................... 203 Figure 146: Air transport accidents by type of transport 1999 - 2009.............................................................. 207 Figure 147: Injured and thereof killed persons in air transport 1999 - 2009.................................................... 207 Figure 148: Development of fuel tax and from fuel taxation (at current prices) in Austria 1945 - 2009............... 210 Figure 149: Distance-related toll tariffs for vehicles over 3.5 t GVW on motorways (A) and expressways (S) in Austria 2003 - 2011.................................................................................................................. 212 Figure 150: Development of the Austrian federal revenues from charges of section “transport“ 1995 - 2010...... 218 Figure 151: Infrastructure investments in the infrastructure of federal roads and railways 2001 - 2011............... 219 Figure 152: Average infrastructure user charge in European countries for selected reference trains in EUR/train-km 2008........................................................................................................................................ 220 Figure 153: Average development of fuel prices in Austria 1955 - 2010 (at current prices)................................ 221 Figure 154: Average development of fuel prices in Austria 1955 - 2010 (at constant prices) ............................. 221 Figure 155: Development of fuel prices and traffic indicators in comparison 1970 - 2008................................ 222 Figure 156: Fuel prices at current prices for Euro-Super-95 in the EU - January 2011....................................... 223 Figure 157: Fuel prices at current prices for diesel in the EU - January 2011.................................................... 223 VERKEHR IN ZAHLEN – AUSGABE 2011

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Figure 158: Transport costs index for road freight transport in Austria 1971 - 2011.......................................... 225 Figure 159: Networked Readiness Index Österreich 2010/2011...................................................................... 232 Figure 160: Equipment of Austrian households with IT devices 2010................................................................ 233 Figure 161: Equipment of the households with computer, internet access and broadband connection by federal states in Austria 2010..................................................................................................... 234 Figure 162: Households with computer, internet access and broadband connections, persons with computer and internet use 2002 - 2010........................................................................................................... 235 Figure 163: Number of participants by Austrian mobile network operators 2007 - 20010................................. 235 Figure 164: Use of ICT in the EU 2008......................................................................................................... 237 Figure 165: Share of landline and mobile communication at the number of active telephoned minutes in the EU 2008......................................................................................................................... 238 Figure 166: Conveying balance of the programm line ways2go by groups of funding recipients......................... 240 Figure 167: Conveying balance of the programm line I2V by groups of funding recipients................................. 241 Figure 168: Conveying balance of the programm line A3plus by groups of funding recipients........................... 242 Figure 169: Conveying balance of the programm line TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients...................... 243 Figure 170: Total support volume of the programme lines ways2go, I2V, A3plus und TAKE OFF by groups of funding recipients.................................................................................................. 244

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List of maps Map 1: Population density in Austria 2010....................................................................................................... 7 Map 2: Austrian trade relations with neighbouring countries 2009................................................................... 32 Map 3: Corridors of road and rail in Austria................................................................................................... 37 Map 4: Road network of federal roads and secondary roads B in Austria 2011................................................. 41 Map 5: Rail network in Austria 2011.............................................................................................................. 46 Map 6: Infrastructure projects 2011 – 2016.................................................................................................... 51 Map 7: The Danube in Autria 2009............................................................................................................... 52 Map 8:

Intermodal freight terminals in Austria 2011....................................................................................... 54

Map 9:

Line classes of the Austrian railway 2011 .......................................................................................... 55

Map 10: Offeres relations of the Rolling Road in Austria 2011........................................................................... 56 Map 11: Airfields in Austria 2005................................................................................................................... 57 Map 12: Gas supply in Austria 2008............................................................................................................... 58 Map 13: Electricity- and natural gas filling stations in Austria 2010.................................................................... 59 Map 14: Parking space management in Austrian municipalities 2010................................................................. 61 Map 15: Parking space management in Graz................................................................................................... 67 Map 16: Park and Ride facilities in Lower Austria 2011...................................................................................... 70 Map 17: Out-commuters in the rush-hour traffic by municipalities 2001............................................................110 Map 18: In-commuters in the rush-hour traffic by municipalities 2001..............................................................110 Map 19: Freight transport volume and modal-split in Austria of transport type 2009......................................... 125 Map 20: Freight transport volume and modal-split in the Austrian Danube corridor 2009................................. 131 Map 21: Freight transport performance and modal-split in Austria by type of transport 2009........................... 144 Map 22: Passenger car loads on Austrian federal roads 2010......................................................................... 158 Map 23: HGV loads on Austrian federal roads 2010...................................................................................... 159 Map 24: Number of passenger-trains on the TEN-network in Austria 2011....................................................... 160 Map 25: Number of freight and service trains on the TEN-network in Austria 2011........................................... 161 Map 26: Transalpine freight transport by road and rail 2009........................................................................... 162


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List of literature Amt der NÖ Landesregierung: Mobilität in NÖ - Ergebnisse der landesweiten Mobilitätsbefragung 2008, Heft 2 Amt der OÖ Landesregierung: OÖ Verkehrserhebung 2001 ASFINAG: Automatische Straßenverkehrszählung 2008, 2010 ASFINAG: Geschäftsbericht 2009 BMF: Budgetbericht 2011 BMLFUW: CO2-Monitoring 2010, Wien 2010 BMVIT, BMWA: Automatische Straßenverkehrszählung, Jahresauswertungen 1976 - 2000 BMVIT, HERRY Consult: Alpenquerender Güterverkehr in Österreich, Wien 2011 BMVIT: Eisenbahnstatistik, 2003 BMVIT: Österreichisches Verkehrssicherheitsprogramm 2011 - 2020, Wien 2011 BMVIT: Radverkehr in Zahlen, Wien 2010 BMVIT: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, Alpinfo 2009 BMVIT: Statistik Straße & Verkehr, ab 2000 - 2011 BMVIT: Verwendung von Daten von ÖBB-Infrastruktur Betrieb AG und Raab - Oedenburg Ebenfurter Eisenbahn AG BMVIT: way2go Innovationszwischenbilanz 2011, Wien 2011 BMWA: Statistik Straße & Verkehr, to 1999 DTV-Verkehrsconsult GmbH: Auswertung und Darstellung der Ergebnisse der automatischen Straßenverkehrszählung 2001 bis 2009. Im Auftrag des BMVIT EU-DG TREN: Energy and Transport in Figures – Statistical pocketbook 2010, 2011 EUROSTAT: Gemeinschaftliches Programm der Volks- und Wohnungszählungen im Jahre 2001 Forum für Sicherheit und Mobilität: Mobilitätsverhalten in Kärnten – Mobilitätsstudie 2009, Klagenfurt 2009 FSV: RVS 02.01.22 Nutzen-Kosten Untersuchungen um Verkehrswesen, Wien 2011 HAUTZINGER, PFEIFFER [1996]: Gesetzmäßigkeiten des Mobilitätsverhaltens – Verkehrsmobilität in Deutschland zu Beginn der 90er Jahre – Band 4. In: Berichte der Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen, Heft M57, Bergisch Gladbach, 1996 HAUTZINGER/KESSEL [1977]: Forschungsbericht „Mobilität im Personenverkehr“. In: Schriftenreihe Forschung Straßenbau und Straßenverkehrstechnik, Heft 231,1977 HEATCO - Developing Harmonised European Approaches for Transport Costing and Project Assessment, D5 - Proposal for Harmonised Guidelines, 2006 HERRY Consult: Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy HERRY Consult: Mobility Survey Lower Austria 2003. On behalf of the Lower Austrian national academy and the Lower Austrian government HERRY Consult: Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2003. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government HERRY Consult: Mobility Survey Vorarlberg 2008. On behalf of the Vorarlberg government HERRY Consult: Transport statistics 2004 of the city of Salzburg and surrounding. On behalf of the magistrate of the city of Salzburg, of the Salzburg government, of the districts Berchtesgadener Land and Traunstein HERRY Consult: Mobilität in Niederösterreich – Ergebnisse der landesweiten Mobilitätsbefragung 2003, Herausgeber: Amt der Niederösterreichischen Landesregierung, Schriftenreihe Niederösterreichisches Landesverkehrskonzept Heft 21, St. Pölten Seite 272


HERRY Consult: Parkraumbewirtschaftung in Wien, Vorher- und Nachher- Untersuchung in den Bezirken 2, 3 und 20 HERRY Consult, Intraperformance, Snizek Verkehrsplanung: Alpenquerender Güterverkehr in Österreich, im Auftrag des BMVIT, Wien 2011 HERRY M., SEDLACEK N.: Österreichische Wegekostenrechnung für die Straße 2000. Bundesministeriums für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie, Straßenforschung Heft 528, Wien HERRY M. [2001b]: Mobilität von Personen und Gütern; Vorlesungsunterlagen TU Wien HERRY M., FALLER P., METELKA M., SNIZEK S., VAN DER BELLEN A.: Wegekostenrechnung für den Verkehrsträger Straße in Österreich. Im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für wirtschaftliche Angelegenheiten, Wien 1993 HERRY, KfV: Vorher-Nachher-Untersuchung zur Parkraumbewirtschaftung im 1. Bezirk., MA der Stadt Wien, Wien 1994 HERRY, ROSINAK & Partner: Vorher-Nachher-Untersuchung zur Parkraumbewirtschaftung in den Bezirken 6 bis 9, Magistrat der Stadt Wien, Wien 1996 HERRY, SAMMER: Mobilitätserhebung österreichischer Haushalte, Arbeitspaket A3-H2 im Rahmen des Österreichischen Bundesverkehrswegeplan im Auftrag des BMWV, 1998 HERRY, TRAFICO [2001]: Externe Kosten im Güterverkehr in Österreich – Globalrechnung. Im Auftrag des BMVIT/ÖBB HERRY/ZTL/KFV: Unfallkostenrechnung Straße 2004. Im Auftrag des BMVIT, Verkehrssicherheitsfonds, Wien 2007 HERRY/ZTL/KFV: Unfallkostenrechnung Straße 2007, unter Berücksichtigungdes menschlichen Leids (Willingness to Pay). Im Auftrag des BMVIT, Verkehrssicherheitsfonds, Wien 2007 KÄFER A., STEININGER K., AXHAUSEN K., CLEES L., FRITZ O., GEBETSROITHER B., GRUBITS C., KOCH H., KURZMANN R., MAYERHOFER P., MOLITOR R., ORTIS G., PALME G., PFEILER D., SCHÖNFELDER S., STREICHER G., THALLER O., WIEDERIN S., ZAKARIAS G.: Verkehrsprognose Österreich 2025+, im Auftrag von BMVIT, ASFINAG, ÖBB; SCHIG, Wien 2006 KfV: Verkehrsunfallstatistik 2008 und 2009 KOLLARITS, STEFAN [1996]: Verkehrsmittelwahl zwischen Raumstruktur und Präferenzen. Grundlagen der Bewertung verkehrsbezogener Maßnahmen im Salzburger Zentralraum. In: Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 138 (1996), S. 119 - 145 ÖBB: Geschäftsbericht 2009 OECD/ITF: Charges for the Use of Rail Infrastructure 2008 ÖIR: Güterverkehr im Donaukorridor und in Österreich - Verkehrsentwicklung bis 2009, Wien 2010 ÖROK: 12. Raumordnungsbericht - Analysen und Berichte zur räumlichen Entwicklung Österreichs 2005 - 2007, Wien (Spatial Planning Report - Analyses and Reports on Spatial Development in Austria, Vienna) ÖSTAT: Volkszählung 1971 – Berufspendler ÖSTAT: Volkszählung 1981 – Berufspendler ÖSTAT: Volkszählung 1991 – Berufspendler, Wien 1995 PUWEIN [2005]: Ziele und Instrumente der Verkehrspolitik ROSEBUD [2006]: Framework for the assessment of road safety measures RTR GmbH: Kommunikationsbericht 2005, 2008 und 2009 SCHIENEN-CONTROL GmbH: Regulierungsberichte 2006 - 2009 SOCIALDATA: Verkehrsmittelwahl – Bewohner(innen) der Stadt Wien 1993 - 2009. Im Auftrag der Wiener Linien STADT GRAZ: Mobilitätsverhalten der Grazer Bevölkerung 2008 STADT WIEN, MA 18 [2003]: Masterplan Verkehr Wien 2003. In: Werkstattberichte, Nr. 58, Wien STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Arbeitskräfteerhebung – Ergebnisse des Mikrozensus 2009, Wien 2010


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STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Arbeitsmarktstatistik – Jahresergebnisse 2009, Schnellbericht 5.8, Wien 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Binnenschifffahrtsstatistik 2006 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Demographisches Jahrbuch 2009, Wien 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Familien- und Haushaltsstatistik 2009, Wien 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Gemeindeverzeichnis Stand 1.1.2009, Wien 2009 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Güterverkehrsstatistik auf der Donau 2009, Schnellbericht 4.5, Wien 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Statistik der Kraftfahrzeuge, Bestand am 31.12.2009, Wien 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Statistik der Zivilluftfahrt 2009, Wien 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Statistische Nachrichten STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Statistische Übersichten STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Statistisches Jahrbuch Österreichs 2000 bis 2011 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Straßenverkehrsunfälle 2009, Wien 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Umweltbedingungen und Umweltverhalten 2007, Ergenisse des Mikrozemsus, Wien 2009 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Urlaubs- und Geschäftsreisen der Österreicher 2009, Schnellbericht 3.4, Wien 2011 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Verkehrsstatistik 2008, 2009, 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung, Hauptergebnisse 1978 - 2009, Wien 2010 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Volkszählung 2001 - Berufspendler, Wien 2004 STATISTIK AUSTRIA: Volkszählung Haushalte und Familie 1997, 1981, 1991, 2001 Umweltbundesamt (UBA): Austria´s National Air Emission Inventory 1990 - 2008 Umweltbundesamt (UBA): Grundlagen zur Österreichischen Luftschadstoffinventur (OLI) 2009, Wien 2010 Umweltbundesamt (UBA): Grundlagen zur Österreichischen Luftschadstoffinventur (OLI) 2011, Wien 2012 Umweltbundesamt (UBA): Klimaschutzbericht 2010, Wien 2010 Umweltbundesamt (UBA): Austria´s Informative Inventory Report, Vienna 2010 UNDP: Human Development Report 2010 VIA DONAU: Donauschifffahrt in Österreich - Jahresbericht 2009, Wien 2010 WIFO: Weißbuch, Beitrag Puwein, 2006 WKO, Fachverband der Mineralölindustrie: diverse Jahresberichte WKÖ: Straßenbenützungsgebühren in Europa, Wien 2010 World Economic Forum: The Global Information Technology Report 2010-2011, Genf 2011

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Links http://ec.europa.eu/ http://www.adac/de http://www.ams.or.at/ bzw. http://iambweb.ams.or.at/ http://www.arboe.at/ http://www.asfinag.at/ http://www.bav.admin.ch/ http://www.bmf.gv.at/ http://www.bmvit.gv.at/ http://www.dietrasporteure.at/ http://www.danubeports.info/ http://www.erdgasautos.at/ http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/ http://www.ffg.at/ http://www.internationaltransportforum.org/ http://www.kfv.at/ http://www.lebensministerium.at/ http://mediaresearch.orf.at/ http://www.oeamtc.at/ http://www.oebb.at/ http://www.oekombi.at/ http://www.oir.at/ http://portal.wko.at/wk/startseite.wk/ http://www.statistik.at/ http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/ http://www.umweltnet.at/ http://www.verkehr.co.at/hubs/ http://versa.bmvit.gv.at/ http://www.via-donau.org/ http://www.vie-umwelt.at/ http://www.vignette.at/ http://www.wifo.ac.at/


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Informations AMS – Public Employment Service ASFINAG – Motorway and expressway financing corporation AUSTRO CONTROL BAV – Federal Traffic Agency BEV – Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying BMF – Federal Ministry of Finance BMI – Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior BMLFUW – Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management BMVIT – Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology EU-DG TREN EUROSTAT FFG – The Austrian Research Promotion Agency KfV – Austrian Road Safety Board VIE – Airport Vienna ÖBB – Austrian federal railways ÖIR – Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Special Planning ÖKOMBI OMV Aktiengesellschaft STATISTIK AUSTRIA UBA – Federal Environmental Agency VIA DONAU - Austria‘s waterway management and development company WIFO – Austrian Institute for economic studies WKÖ – Austrian Economic Chambers

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