GIZ's Approach to Sustainable Mobility. Based on the ... mobility solutions and to develop sus- tainable ... from the ap
Division 44 Water, Energy, Transport
Sustainable Urban Transport: Avoid-Shift-Improve (A-S-I)
T
he traditional approach applied to deal with increased transport demand has been the provision of additional road space by means of new and larger road infrastructure. This supply-side oriented approach has however not delivered the expected benefits. Induced traffic has been created and roads continue to exhibit unacceptable levels of congestion, GHG emissions and other externalities. For this reason, the traditional approach is nowadays regarded as obsolete. Therefore, a new approach to tackling current transport problems is required.
GIZ’s Approach to Sustainable Mobility Based on the above statement, GIZ has committed itself to promoting a different approach. Inspired by the principles of sustainability, this alternative approach focuses on the demand-side, as opposed to the previous one. The approach, known as A-S-I (from Avoid/Reduce, Shift/ Maintain, Improve), seeks to achieve significant GHG emission reductions, reduced energy consumption, less congestion, with the final objective to create more liveable cities. The objective of the A-S-I approach is to promote alternative mobility solutions and to develop sustainable transport systems. The Avoid – Shift – Improve Concept The A-S-I approach entails three main avenues: Avoid/Reduce Shift/Maintain Improve Firstly, “avoid” refers to the need to improve the efficiency of the transport system. Through integrated land-use planning and transport demand management the need to travel and the trip length may be reduced.
Secondly, the “shift” instruments seek to improve trip efficiency. A modal shift from the most energy consuming urban transport mode (i.e. cars) towards more environmentally friendly modes is highly desirable. In particular, the shift towards the following alternative modes: Non-Motorised Transport (NMT): walking and cycling. They represent the most environmentally friendly options.
Public Transport (PT): bus, rail, etc. Although PT also generates emissions, lower specific energy consumption per pkm and higher occupancy levels imply that the associated CO2 emissions per passenger-km are lower compared to cars.
Thirdly, the “improve” component focuses on vehicle and fuel efficiency as well as on the optimisation of transport infrastructure. It pursues to improve the energy efficiency of transport modes and related vehicle technology. Furthermore, the potential of alternative energy use is acknowledged.
A-S-I APPROACH
AVOID / REDUCE
SHIFT / MAINTAIN
IMPROVE
Reduce or avoid the need to travel
Shift to or maintain share of more environmentally friendly modes
Improve the energy efficiency of transport modes and vehicle technology
System Efficiency
Trip Efficiency
Vehicle Efficiency
Co-Benefits The benefits of improving the three aforementioned dimensions –transport demand, mode choice and technology– can be substantial. The ASI approach has the potential to contribute to emission reductions beyond current expectations. Vitalization of public spaces, better urban air quality and many other important co-benefits can be expected from the application of the ASI approach.
Lower energy costs Less imported fuel
Climate Change: A new agenda The A-S-I approach also makes a very important contribution to climate change. It allows developing synergies between mitigation and adaptation: Mitigation: It enables decision-makers in developing countries to develop transport strategies that support climate change mitigation by increasing the efficiency of transport systems. Adaptation: It also helps define the path towards making transport systems more resilient and to contribute to effective disaster risk management. A successful climate change strategy in transport requires the adoption of a comprehensive and coherent approach. The A-S-I approach is a suitable framework for that.
Starting point: A household requires a wide range of goods, with varying frequency.
Increased quality of life
Increased private investments
Better air quality
Editor: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
Lower welfare costs (hospitals, etc.)
Division 44 Environment and Infrastructure
Division 44 Environment and Infrastructure Sector project "Transport Policy Advice"
Division 44 Infrastructure Environment and
Urban Transport Change Gender and Climate
Raising Public Awareness Affordable andSustainable : Smart about Urban Transport Developing Cities
Module 1e
in Transport: A Sourcebook for Policy-makers in Developing Cities Sustainable for Policy-makers ing Cities Module 7a Develop A Sourcebook Sustainable akers in Transport: Policy-m ook for 2007— 5e —revised September Module rt: A Sourceb ble Transpo Sustaina
and Transport
Sustainable Transport: A Sourcebook for Policy-makers Module 1a in Developing Cities
Division 44 Environm ent and Sector Infrastruc project ture "Transpo rt Policy
Advice"
Sustainab le Transpor A Sourcebo t:
ok for Module Policy-ma The Role of Transpo 2b kers in Developin rt g Cities Mobility in Urban Develop Managem – revised ment Policy August 2005 – 2004 – ent
– revised July
Transport Policy Advisory Services
Sector project Advisory Transport Policy Service
project Advisory Service Sector Policy Transport
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Free download at: www.sutp.org, www.sutp.cn
1. How far do I have to go to buy the good? AVOID/REDUCE: By implementing an integrated land use planning policy travel distances to destinations can be reduced. Third decision: Which type of vehicle + use?
2 km
Imprint
Less health risks
Stronger economic development
10 km
AVOID/REDUCE
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[email protected] I http://www.giz.de
Sustainable transport
?
Smart infrastructure planning: Reduces need for travelling?
Less externalities
ure 44 Division t and Infrastruct Environmen
An Example: Shopping A person willing to buy a given commodity and thus with a need to travel faces the following key decisions: Second decision: Which mode of transport will you (have to) use?
Better road safety & less accidents
The GIZ’s Sourcebook on Sustainable Urban Transport addresses the key areas of a sustainable transport policy framework. The Sourcebook for decision-makers consists of presently 30 modules.
For more details of the A-S-I approach, please check GIZ’ Sourcebook for decision-makers in developing cities, Module 5e Transport and Climate Change at http://www.sutp.org.
First decision: How far do you have to go?
Better energy security
Reduced congestion & time savings
More local jobs
Less noise
Encourage use of non-motorised and public transport!
Reduce car size and consider using alternative fuels!
SHIFT
IMPROVE
2. Which transport mode is available to me? SHIFT/MAINTAIN: By encouraging the use of more environmentally friendly modes, the individual may regard PT as a suitable alternative to car for the same trip. 3. Which type of vehicle shall I use? IMPROVE: In the medium/longterm, the individual may consider reducing the car size or using a vehicle powered by alternative fuels. Contact E:
[email protected] I: http://www.giz.de/transport
