BEDBUGS ASSOCIATED WITH ORGANIC FARMING

BEDBUGS ASSOCIATED WITH ORGANIC FARMING UCHUVA IN GOIÁS (BRAZIL) Aniela Pilar Campos de Melo1*; Paulo Marçal Fernandes 2; Carlos de Melo e Silva-Neto3; 1

Researcher of the Conhecer Scientific Center. *Email: [email protected] 2 3

Professor at Federal University of Goiás.

Researcher of the Federal Institute of Goiás.

Received: 18/01/2016 - Accepted: 01/02/2016 - Published: 04/04/2016 DOI: 10.18677/planet2016a2

ABSTRACT

Join the occurrence of Phthiacnemia picta (Drury 1773) (Hemiptera: Coreidae), Arvelius albopunctatus (De Geer, 1773) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Dichelops (Diceraeus) furcatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and Edessa sp. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in physalis plants present in Goiás (Brazil) in organic cultivation.

Keywords: Physalis peruviana L., Hemiptera, exotic fruit.

An exotic fruit of great nutritional and economic value being incorporated into small fruit plantations is physalis (Physalis peruviana L.), also known as cape gooseberry or uchuva. This is an exotic fruit in the name, appearance, taste and price (Rufato et al., 2008). The sale occurs in natura or processed in the form of juices, jellies, jams, purees, jams, sauces, pulp and dehydrated (Erkaya et al, 2012;. Ramadan et al, 2013.). The name "physalis" derives from the greek "physa" meaning bubble or bladder due to the fact that the berries are inserted into the cup (Betancourt et al., 2008). This is an original genus of the region between the Andes Peruvians and Ecuadorians and belonging to the family Solanaceae. More than 70 species of the genus Physalis, with some species considered toxic (Morton & Russell, 1954). The commercial cultivation of physalis began in 1985 in Colombia. It is currently PLANET SCIENCE JOURNAL, Conhecer Scientific Center – Douglasville – GA, USA, v.1 n.1; 2016

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the world's largest producer (10,700,00 tons), and production for the domestic and foreign markets. It is the second most exported fruit in the country (Fischer et al., 2014). The cultivation in Brazil started experimentally in 1999 at the experimental station of Santa Luzia in Sao Paulo. In 2008, cash crops were recommended in the South and Southeast, in the states of Santa Catarina (Fraiburgo, Urupema and Lages), Rio Grande do Sul (Vacaria, Roca Sales, Carazinho and Aurea) and southern Minas Gerais (Camanducaia) (Rufato et al, 2008;. Muniz et al, 2011). In Brazil there is a little information about insects associated with this fruit. For Rufato et al. (2008), the main insect pests in Pelotas (Rio Grande do Sul) belong to the Hemiptera and Lepidoptera. Among the Hemiptera, the most frequent match is Edessa rufomarginata (De Geer, 1773) and Phthiacnemia picta (Drury 1773). E. rufomarginata affects on the growth of plants because of the suction branches. To feed on fruits, P. picta nymphs cause deformations in the berries with subsequent uneven ripening and decay (Rufato et al., 2008). The expansion of uchuva cultivation in Brazil can transform it of importer to exporter of this exotic fruit. However, we need to assess the feasibility and the particularities this crop, as for example, pest control. Given the above, it is aimed to report the Hemiptera associated with organic farming uchuva in Goiás. The observations were made in organic farming uchuva in Hidrolândia (16º57'51.79 "S; 49º11'02.09" O; 865 m asl) in the years 2014 and 2015. Visualized in 120 plants, the presence of adults, nymphs and eggs of bedbugs. Adults were collected, mounted and identified by Dr. Jocelia Grazia (UFRGS) and by Dr. Jose Antonio Marin Fernandes (UFPA). The identified species belonged to two families, Coreidae and Pentatomidae. The only coreid corresponded to P. picta (Figure 1). The pentatomids associated with the culture of uchuva

were:

Arvelius

albopunctatus (De Geer,

1773)

(Figure 2), Euschistus

heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Figure 3), Dichelops (Diceraeus) furcatus (Fabricius, 1775) and Edessa sp. The occurrence of E. heros associated with uchuva plants is also reported by Rufato et al. (2008). However, there is no description of possible damage caused by this insect. Thus, it is suggested that more studies to establish the possible relationships between P. peruviana and E. heros. PLANET SCIENCE JOURNAL, Conhecer Scientific Center – Douglasville – GA, USA, v.1 n.1; 2016

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This is the first record of A. albopunctatus and D. (Diceraeus) furcatus in uchuva plants in Brazil. Bado et al. (2005) also found these species associated with P. peruviana in Argentina. These authors point out these bugs as fitossuccívoros, however the population density and the damage caused not generated economic losses.

FIGURE 1

Eggs in the stem and leaves of P. peruviana (A), nymph associated with the

fruit (B) and adult P. picta.

PLANET SCIENCE JOURNAL, Conhecer Scientific Center – Douglasville – GA, USA, v.1 n.1; 2016

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FIGURE 2

Adult E. heros associated with flowers P. peruviana.

FIGURE 3

A. albopunctatus in uchuva plants in organic farming.


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CONCLUSIONS

Join the occurrence of Phthiacnemia picta (Drury 1773) (Hemiptera: Coreidae), Arvelius

albopunctatus

(De

heros (Fabricius,

1798)

furcatus (Fabricius,

1775)

Geer,

1773)

(Hemiptera: (Hemiptera:

(Hemiptera:

Pentatomidae),

Pentatomidae), Dichelops Pentatomidae)

and

Euschistus (Diceraeus)

Edessa sp. (Hemiptera:

Pentatomidae) in plant uchuva present in Goiás (Brazil) under organic cultivation.

REFERENCES

BADO, S. G.; CERRI, A. M.; VILELLA, F. Fauna insectil asociada a cultivos de dos espécies de Physalis (Solanaceae) em Argentina. Boletín Sanidad Vegetal (Plagas), v. 31, n. 3, p. 321-333, 2005. BETANCOURT, M. L. B.; PIEDRAHÍTA, K. E.; TERRANOVA, A. M.; AMARILES, H. D. V.; FLÓREZ, J. E. M. Establecimento de una colección de trabajo de uchuva del suroccidente colombiano. Acta Agronomica (Palmira), v. 57, n. 12, p. 95-99, 2008. ERKAYA, T.; DAGDEMIR, E.; SENGUIL, M. Influence of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) addition on the chemical and sensory characteristics and mineral concentrations of ice cream. Food Research International, v. 45, n. 1, p. 331-335, 2012. FISHER, G.; ALMANZA-MERCHÁN, P. J.; MIRANDA, D. Importancia y cultivo de la uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.). Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 36, n. 1, p. 1-15, 2014. MORTON, J. F.; RUSSEL, O. S. The cape gooseberry and the mexican husk tomato. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society, v. 67, p. 261-266, 1954. MUNIZ, J.; KRETZCHMAR, A. A.; RUFATO, L.; PELIZZA, T. R.; MARCHI, T.; DUARTE, A. E.; LIMA, A. P. F.; GARANHANI, F. Sistemas de condução para o cultivo de Physalis no planalto catarinense. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 33, n. 3, p. 830-838, 2011. RAMADAN, M. F.; HASSAN, N. A.; ELSANHOTY, R. A.; SITOHY, M. Z. Goldenberry (Physalis peruviana) juice rich in health-beneficial compounds suppresses high-cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats. Journal of Food Biochemistry, v. 37, n. 6, p. 708722, 2012. RUFATO, L. RUFATO, A. R.; SCHLEMPER, C.; LIMA, C. S. M.; KRETZSCHMAR, A. A. Aspectos técnicos da cultura da physalis. Lages: CAV/UDESC, Pelotas: UFPel, 2008. 100 p.


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