Blockchain and its applications on Edge Computing, Industry 4.0, IOT and Smart Cities Juan M. Corchado Director - European IoT Digital Innovation Hub Director - BISITE Research Group, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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ISTA: Int. Symposium on Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications Abstract. Blockchain is the technology behind Bitcoin, ether and most of the other cryptocurrencies. Blockchain is essentially a form of record keeping and can be used in almost any product that uses some form of record keeping or database management. Blockchain is ideal for protecting any data that needs to be unalterable and indestructible. Traditionally, data are kept on a server that is owned and operated by a thirdparty company. This approach has some disadvantages. In this way, if a third party has access to your data, they could be destroyed, they could be altered, and it could leak. Through Blockchain, data are encrypted and then propagated over a distributed network of computers. In this way, data are nobody’s properties, data cannot be destroyed and altered. Data block are sets of permanently recorded data e.g. financial transactions. The information is first hash which is a way to represent the data in a compact format where data can be easily compared for any change. Any small change in the data completely changes the hash version which makes the comparison very easy. The hash data are then encrypted. One private key allows the producer of the data to encrypt the data and serves as a digital signature. Also, one public key allows everyone else with the key to decrypt it. Finally, the data blocks are connected to each other (chained). Bitcoin is simply an application of Blockchain but there are many other applications where this technology has a lot to say. The application of this technology is endless in all fields but with respect to industry there are fields in which use is more and more common e.g. Supply Chain Management, Health Care and medical record sharing, Media Distribution, Ecommerce with no middleman, Sharing economy with no central authority, Authenticated News Sharing/Data Sharing, Data Sharing Between companies Edge Computing, Industry 4.0, IOT and Smart Cities are areas in which Blockchain has high impact. The IoT refers to the ever-growing network of physical objects that feature an IP address for internet connectivity, and the communication that occurs between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems. The risk of connecting a machine to Internet is obvious and Blockchain may help to eliminate or at least reduce some of these risks. The industry is updating its processes to be more efficient. Industry 4.0 is a transformation that makes it possible to gather and analyze data across machines, enabling faster, more flexible, and more efficient processes to produce higher-quality goods at reduced costs, thats the reason why a technology such us Blockchain if also of great interest to guaranty security and data reliability. The main aim of this tutorial is to intro-
duce Blockchain technology and represents its practical application in security of Industry 4.0, Smart cities, Smart homes, and Internet of Thing.
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