Thumchai R, Lulich JP, Osborne CA, et al. ... Lekcharoensuk C, Osborne CA, Lulich JP. .... Reviewed by David Francis Kelton, DVM, PhD, Associate. Professor ...
in an indoor environment was a risk factor for calcium oxalate urolithiaisis (14). Metabolic uroliths (urate, cystine, xanthine) often appear in mid-age cats (4 to 6 y) with no obvious gender predisposition (5,12). In our study, Siamese cats were over-represented in urate submissions compared with other breeds; in another study, Siamese cats appeared to be at risk for cystine uroliths (5). Urate uroliths may occur in cats with portosystemic shunts, when the urine is highly acidic, and when cats are fed diets high in purines, such as liver or other organ meats (12). CVJ
References 1. Thumchai R, Lulich JP, Osborne CA, et al. Epizootiologic evaluation of urolithiasis in cats: 3498 cases (1982-1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:547–551. 2. Lund EM, Armstrong PJ, Kirk CA, et al. Health status and population characteristics of dogs and cats examined at private veterinary practices in the United States. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;214: 1336–1341. 3. Lekcharoensuk C, Osborne CA, Lulich JP. Epidemiologic study of risk factors for lower urinary tract diseases in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001;218:1429–1435. 4. Buffington CAT, Chew DJ, Kendall MS, et al. Clinical evaluation of cats with nonobstructive urinary tract diseases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;210:46–50. 5. Ling GV, Franti CE, Ruby AL, Johnson DL. Epizootiologic evaluation and quantitative analysis of urinary calculi from 150 cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990;196:1459–1462.
BOOK REVIEW
Ackers RM. Lactation and the Mammary Gland. Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa, USA, 2002. 278 pp. ISBN 0-81382992-5. US$69.99. hen I was first asked to review this new book, W I must admit that I was skeptical about its usefulness to practising veterinarians. However, based on the clarity
and breadth of its coverage of a range of topics related to mammary anatomy, physiology, endocrinology, and milk production, I am very pleased to recommend this text as an important addition to the library of anyone with an interest in food animal medicine. In the short preface, the author describes a broad target audience ranging from undergraduate and graduate students to researchers and professionals involved in the animal and dairy industries. While such claims are often overstated, I believe that this text has met its mark. In its 10 chapters, it covers a range of topics, which include mammary development, anatomy and physiology, milk composition and biosynthesis, milking management, udder health, management and nutritional impacts on milk production, and the manipulation of mammary development and milk production. While the focus of the book is clearly on dairy cattle, the author has managed to incorporate enough detail from a range of mammalian species to make this an effective comparative text. The text is well laid out with clear chapter titles, generally useful diagrams and tables, clear definitions of critical terms, and a parsimonious selection of current references. Can Vet J Volume 44, December 2003
6. Osborne CA, Lulich JP, Bartges JW, et al. Canine and feline urolithiasis: relationship of etiopathogenesis to treatment and prevention. In: Osborne CA, Finco DR, eds. Canine and Feline Urology. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins 1995:851–865. 7. Osborne CA, Lulich JP, Kruger JM, et al. Feline urethral plugsetiology and pathophysiology. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1996;26:233–253. 8. Laboto MA. Managing urolithiaisis in cats. Vet Med 2001:708– 718. 9. Houston DM. Diagnosis and management of feline lower urinary tract disease. Standards of Care: Emerg and Crit Care Med 2002; 4:5–10. 10. Buffington CAT, Chew DJ. Diet therapy in cats with lower urinary tract disorders. Vet Med 1999;94:626–630. 11. Albasan H, Lulich JP, Osborne CA, et al. Effects of storage time and temperature on pH, specific gravity, and crystal formation in urine samples from dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2003;222: 176–179. 12. Osborne CA, Lulich JP, Thumchai R, et al. Feline urolithiasis: Etiology and pathophysiology. In: Osborne CA, Kruger JM, Lulich JP, eds. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1996;26:217–232. 13. Jones BR, Sanson RL, Morris RS. Elucidating the risk factors of feline lower urinary tract disease. NZ Vet J 1997;45:100–108. 14. Kirk CA, Ling GV, Franti CE, Scarlett JM. Evaluation of factors associated with development of calcium oxalate urolithiasis in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995;207:1429–1434. 15. McClain HM, Barsanti JA, Bartges JW. Hypercalcemia and calcium oxalate urolithiasis in cats: a report of 5 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1999;35:297–301. 16. Lulich JP, Osborne CA, Unger IK, et al. Prevalence of calcium oxalate uroliths in miniature schnauzers. Am J Vet Res 1991;52: 1579–1582.
COMPTE RENDU DE LIVRE
Both the index and glossary are reasonably detailed and useful. I was particularly impressed with the author’s ability to distill complex models and relationships into a clear and informative text. Unfortunately, while the book contains a number of informative graphs and figures, some of these are perhaps too simple and lack sufficient labels to allow the reader to clearly interpret their content. Several sections of the text deserve specific mention. The section in Chapter 5 pertaining to mastitis and milking management is an excellent example of how well this text hits the right compromise in breadth and depth of coverage. The role of bovine somatotropin in milk production is described in Chapter 7 and is augmented by a good discussion of the controversy surrounding the introduction and use of recombinant bovine somatotropin in dairy production systems. Finally, the short immunology primer in Chapter 8 is very effective in placing the role of colostrum production and management in the proper perspective. Of all of the topics that this text covers, the area I found most lacking was milk quality, particularly with respect to off-flavors. Overall, this is a text that is well written and covers most topic areas in sufficient breadth and depth for its stated target audience. The text would be an excellent addition to the library of any food animal practice. Reviewed by David Francis Kelton, DVM, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1. 977
