Mobile C-arms using standard real-time fluoroscopy: General fluoro techniques
...... BV Libra. BV Endura. BV Pulsera. Pulsera R2? Philips. No, full lead shutters.
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Comments
Ziehm Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
2.2 kW
2.2 kW
2.2 kW
7.5 kW
Generator Mobile C-arms using standard real-time fluoroscopy: General fluoro techniques are typically 1-5 mA @ 60-100 kV, or .06kW - .5kW. Occasionally higher power is needed in dense antomy imaging (obese patients) in which case a High Level Fluoro (HLF) technique would be used. In HLF the federal limit on dose rate is 20R/min. Therefore, HLF max. power would typically not exceed 1 - 1.2 kW (example: 80 kV @ 12.5 mA). In summary, most surgical imaging is accomplished at power outputs of less than 2 kW. The 15kW rating of the OEC 9800 would only be used during coronary angiography - where Max. output power very high mA, short pulse widths are uniquely required to stop motion. (One could argue that even 15kW may not be sufficient for coronary angiography when compound imaging angles are required). Pulsed Fluoroscopy systems like the Ziehm Vision function differently from standard fluoroscopy. The Ziehm vision may run at a higher fluoro mA (to improve anatomic visualization) while decreasing overall patient dose using pulsed fluoroscopy. For example, when using a 30 ms. pulse width, actual dose or mA to the patient is reduced by a factor of roughly 1/3. kV
40 - 110 KV
40 - 110 KV
40 - 110 KV
40 - 120 KV
Higher mA output provides better visualization of dense anatomy (reduces noise in the image), given appropriate penetration by kV output . However, max. mA values by themselves can be misleading. Max. wattage values allow calculation of max. mA at a given kV. Ziehm's Vision R has 120 kV, maximum output, allowing maximum penetration for dense anatomy such as deep oblique views, and lateral views of the lumbar spine.
Continuous Fluoro Mode mA, incl. HLF
0.2-6 mA
0.2-6 mA
Vision is always in pulse mode
Vision is always in pulse mode
DR mode also known as Snapshot or One-shot mode. A single, brief exposure is made at higher than normal mA to capture a higher quality single image.
Digital Radiography (DR) or Snapshot Mode mA
up to 8 mA "snapshot" mode
up to 8 mA "snapshot" mode
Up to 20 mA
up to 75 mA
The primary purpose of pulsed fluoro is for dose reduction. The secondary purpose is for reduction of blurring while imaging moving anatomy. On some systems like the Ziehm Vision, pulse mode may also be used with higher mA values to improve image quality.
Pulsed Fluoro mA
up to 6mA
0.2-6 mA
0.1 - 20 mA
up to 75 mA
The key here is that the best spec's would be those that gave a wide range of pulse rate selections - particularly at 8 ppsand higher because this is the rate at which the image starts to appear continuous to the naked eye. 15 and 30 pps rates are used to acquire cine for vascular, cardiac and bolus chase or "runoff" applications.
Pulsed fluoro rates
1-3 pps
1 pps.
1-30 pps.
1-30 pps.
Pulsed Fluoro mA + HQ output
N/A
N/A
Up to 20 mA when using HQ mode
Up to 75 mA when using HQ mode
Digital Cine Pulse Widths
N/A
N/A
4-30 ms, varied by anatomic program
4-30 ms, varied by anatomic program
Used for dynamic vascular studies. Combines High Level Fluoro & short pulses to stop motion. High Quality mode can be used with digital cine to produce high quality bolus chase or "runoff" studies. Shorter pulse widths stop motion blurring during dynamic vascular imaging procedures. HQ Mode in the Ziehm vision always uses a short 10 mS pulse width. Pulse widths vary by anatomic program for optimal image quality.
Page 1 of 26
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
Image Intensifier
Thomson
Thomson
Thomson
Thomson
Fields of View
Dual-mode 9"/6"
Dual-mode 9"/6"
Tri-mode 9"/6"/4.5" or 12"/9"6"
Tri-mode 9"/6"/4.5" or 12"/9"/6"
Comments The Ziehm system uses a quicker "rise and fall" time when producing pulses. Therefore, ziehm reduces unnecessary radiation output to the patient while lowering heat build-up. A longer "rise and fall" time will emit "soft" radiation that contributes dose to the patient while not providing usable mA to produce an image. Smallest field of view (4.5") is not clinically necessary and not worth the tradeoff of higher dose. However, Ziehm uses technical aspects of the camera & lens assembly in order to more efficiently provide an image at comparatevely lower dose in the 4.5" field of view
Ziehm
Page 2 of 26
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Ziehm Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Focal spot fluoro (mm)
0.5/1.5 or 0.6/1.5
0.5/1.5 or 0.6/1.5
0.6
0.3/0.6mm
The combination of power (kW), anode angle and focal spot size dictate the use of stationary or rotating anodes. Mobile C-arm fluoroscopic applications are sufficiently handled by a stationary anode and 0.6mm focal spot. The use of a 0.3 mm focal spot mandates anode rotation.
Anode (Stat.or Rot.)
Stationary
Stationary
Stationary
Rotating
In mobile C-arm applications, anode heat capacity and dissipation are not the only limiting factors in heat management (see Tube Housing heat specifications below).
Anode Heat Capacity
76,000
76,000
45,000 HU
300,000 HU
Heat capacity of the tube housing
1,140,000 HU
1,140,000 HU option: active cooling 5 Million HU
5 Million HU
5 Million HU
Anode Cooling Rate, HU/min.
19,800
Comments Mu Metal Shielding of image intensifier prevents metallic fixation devices from appearing curved due to the magnetic distortion inherent in image intensifiers. Mu metal shielding compensates for lower magnetic fields inherent in exam rooms. Mu metal shielding is optional. Ziehm's ADCS - "active S-distortion correction package" uses real-time magnetic sensing with corrrection coils for eliminating S-distortion. This is standard on the Vision R 12" I.I.
Mu Metal Shielding
X-ray Tube Generally, smaller focal spot size provides better image resolution. However, the image digital matrix dictates the limits of resolution. A 1K2 matrix with a 0.3 mm focal spot will produce approximately the same resolution as a 0.6 mm focal spot at object-to-image distances of 40 cm or less. Therefore, in C-arm 2
imaging with a 1K matrix, the performance of a 0.6mm focal spot is equal to a 0.3mm.
Higher heat capacity in the housing generally translates to the ability to do many high dose procedures back-to-back.
The Vision R is continually extracting heat through its thermal management system, including generator housing and anode. This results in significantly extended fluoro procedure time possibilities in comparison to competitors. In addition, since Ziehm Vision systems are always using pulse mode rather than real-time fluoroscopy, less heat is emitted from the tube from the beginning.
19,800 - with optional With standard active active cooling, 5,000,000 cooling, 5,000,000 equiv. equiv.
85,000
Collimation
Semi-transparent (translucent) leading edge (tapered) shutters permit soft tissue visualization around long bone or spine and aids in placement of needle and screw alignment.
Iris collimation
yes
yes
yes
yes
Semi-transparent shutter
Translucent collimator blades.
Translucent collimator blades.
Translucent collimator blades.
Translucent collimator blades.
Page 3 of 26
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Comments Ziehm systems provide "virtual" collimation which allows the user to adjust collimation and see where collimator shutters are positioned using digital lines displayed on a held image on the monitor. This provides the ability to adjust collimation without requiring fluoroscopy, thus providing dose reduction to the patient.
Ziehm Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
Preview collimator indicators
No
Yes, both iris and parallel Yes, both iris and parallel Yes, both iris and parallel shutter position and shutter position and shutter position and rotation indicators on rotation indicators on rotation indicators on fluoro display fluoro display fluoro display
TV-System The Ziehm vision's camera is "spectrally responsive" to the I.I.'s light output. Light output from an Image Intensifier is inherently in the green portion of the color spectrum. Ziehm's CCD camera closely matches the spectral output of the I.I., which translates to a more sensitive camera, requiring less dose. In addition, the high quality lens provides more light to the camera.
TV Camera
CCD
CCD
Spectrally Responsive CCD
Spectrally Responsive CCD
The Siemens Arcadis Varic and Ziehm Vision are the only true 1K2 systems.
Pixel Count (resolution)
768 x 494
768 x 576
1024 x 1024
1024 x 1024
Page 4 of 26
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Ziehm Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
Monitor size
18.1"
18.1"
18.1"
18.1"
Lighting conditions vary in surgery. Bright overhead lights may be used, or lights may be dimmed, with only the surgical field well lit. Brighter monitors ensure improved image visualization in varied lighting conditions. Siemens' Syngo interface requires the use of a color monitor to display color-coded icons, at the expense of image brightness. However, B&W monitors are brighter than color. Ziehm separates its user interface from monitor displays.
Monitor luminescence
600 cd/m2
600 cd/m2
600 cd/m2
600 cd/m2
Digital image rotation contributes to dose and time savings during surgical procedures.
Digital image rotation
Digital Image Rotation and Reversal without Radiation
Digital Image Rotation and Reversal without Radiation
Digital Image Rotation and Reversal without Radiation
Digital Image Rotation and Reversal without Radiation
Free-space
30"
30"
30"
30"
Depth of immersion
27"
27"
27"
27"
Wheel distance (width base unit)
31.5"
31.5"
31.5"
31.5"
Weight of C-arm
560-580 lbs with options
550 lb, 572 with active cooling
752 lb.
836 lb (9" I.I), 876 lb (12: I.I.)
C-arm Size
67" H x 63" L x 31.5" W or 84.25" H x 71.65" L x 31.5" W
84.25" H x 71.65" L x 31.5" W
67" H x 63" L x 31.5" W or 84.25" H x 71.65" L x 31.5" W
70.5" H x 74" L x 31.5" W or 87.4" H x 82.7" L x 31.5" W
Weight of the monitor cart
NA
389
352
352
Comments
Larger monitors allow easier viewing at typical working distances.
C-arm The higher the free space, the more likely the user will be able to position the C around larger patients and tables. Also, more working space will be available for the surgeon. Better positioning clearance around bigger patients and tables A narrower wheel base allows the C-arm to fit easier through narrow doors Ligher weight generally means easier maneuverability.
Measurements monitor cart
NA
66.5" H x 22.8" W x 27.4" 69.7" H x 28.3" W x 26.4" 69.7" H x 28.3" W x 26.4" D D (MC6) D (MC6)
Movements
Increased orbital rotation provides more positioning flexibility. Allows the user to see more complex angles without needing to roll or reposition the patient.
Brakes
manual
manual
manual
manual
Orbital Rotation
90°/+45°
90°/+45°
90°/+45° (9" I.I.) 90°/+25° (12" I.I.)
90°/+45° (9" I.I.) 90°/+25° (12" I.I.)
Page 5 of 26
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Ziehm Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
Base image storage capacity
10,000
1,000
5,000
5,000
Optional memory
N/A
Optional up to 5,000
up to 55,000
up to 55,000
Digital Cine Acquisition Rates (in f/s)
1,2,4,8 & 15 f/s
1-8 frames/s, 8-12.5 frames/s
1-10 frames/s, 1-15 frames/s, 1-30 frames/s
1-10 frames/s, 1-15 frames/s, 1-30 frames/s
Cine Loop Playback
Auto playback, stop and start at C-arm touchpad
Cine loop start, stop and replay rate controls at workstation
Playback via touch screen at monitor cart or chassis. Auto playback
Playback via touch screen at monitor cart or chassis. Auto playback
Comments Memory
8-15 f/s is generally considered sufficient for vascular procedures. In some cases 30 f/s may be considered favorable for neurovascular or cardiac applications. Slower acquisition speeds may be acceptable for general surgery applications such as Laparoscopic Cholangiography or ERCP.
Other Functions a) children, extremities b) Bone, Heart, Abdomen, Extremities, Chest, spine, hip c) heart or lung Endo, Motion, Metal, Soft, Bone, Heart, Abdomen, Head/Spine, Abdominal, (preconfiguration done by Large Patient, Automatic Endo, Motion, Metal, Soft, Metal,1/2 Dose, and LPD technical staff) and LPD Motion Detection, Large Patient (Large Patient Diameter) (Large Patient Diameter) Automatic Metal key. Correction
Provide custom pre-set adjustments specific to the preferences of the surgeon or specific to anatomy.
Organ programs
ODDC (Object Detected Dose Control): - Detects the location of anatomy in the field of view from a 16 X 16 measurement grid to adjust dose and image presentation - Detects Motion in an Orthopedic image to adjust frame averaging filters real time - Detects Motion in an Orthopedic image and adjusts pulse rates accordingly to save patient dose - Automatically adjusts X-ray technique to compensate when metal objects are introduced into the imaging field.
ODDC
N/A
N/A
Yes
Selectable dose-rate*
1/2 dose button
1/2 dose button
1/2 dose button
Page 6 of 26
Yes
1/2 dose button
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Ziehm Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
Edge enhancement
yes (4 Steps - for Realtime and Post Processing)
yes (5 Steps - for Realtime and Post Processing)
yes (5 Steps - for Realtime and Post Processing)
yes (5 Steps - for Realtime and Post Processing)
Allow immediate "toggle-through" of pre-set brightness & contrast settings.
LUT (Look-up Tables)
Manual Window/ Level
toggle through 4 steps level/window
toggle through 4 steps level/window
toggle through 4 steps level/window
Labels may be added to an image for identification of anatomic structures before printing.
Image annotations
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Once an image is magnified digitally, Roam allows the user to continuously vary the area of the image to be magnified.
Roam
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Digital zoom
2x & 4x
yes (7 levels)
yes (7 levels)
yes (7 levels)
Vascular Pkg required
Vascular Pkg required
Vascular Pkg. required
Vascular Pkg. required
Yes No
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Remask
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Pixel-shift
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Peak opacification (MSA)
MSA can display at termination of exposure (service setting)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Min. Opacification (for CO2)
No
No
Optional
Optional
Landmarking
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Stenosis evaluation
No
No
Yes, with Vascular Module
Yes, with Vascular Module
Distance Measurement
No
1 or 2 lengths
1 or 2 lengths
1 or 2 lengths
Angle Measurement
No
1 or 2 angles
1 or 2 angles
1 or 2 angles
Comments Improves visualization of bony edges and fracture lines digitally
Allows magnification of an image without needing an extra exposure at a smaller field of view.
Features for Subtraction: Subtraction (DSA) Roadmapping (RSA) Remask allows the user to use a mask already used to obtain a DSA run for a Roadmap, saving time and dose to the patient Allows re-alignment of the mask and the native image in situations where the patient may have moved during DSA acquisition. Without pixel shift, smaller vessels may be obsured by a mis-aligned mask. Siemens has unique automatic pixel-shift through a region of interest.
For some specialized vascular procedures CO2 is injected rather than fluid contrast into the vessels. Min. Opacification allows for visualization of CO2, which appears white in the vessels rather than black, like liquid contrast agents. In some situations a vascular surgeon may want to fade some of the subtracted mask away to allow the visualization of bony landmarks in an image. On-screen measurement of vessel stenosis compared to an open portion of a vessel displayed as % stenosis.
Often used for surgical planning in orthopedic procedures such as osteotomy. This feature allows the user to "draw an angle" on a fluoro image digitally to obtain a numerical angle measurement.
Page 7 of 26
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Ziehm Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
System Control
"Desk View" Control at Carm
Keyboard (Monitor cart), Keyboard on Carm Chassis
Mosaic display (image collage)
Patient oriented search function with 4 image thumbnail display
Search function via 16 image mosaic display (mosaic archiving with vascular configuration)
CD or DVD Burner
optional external USB DVD-RW
yes CD (1000 in TIFF /DICOM format)
Other manufacturer specific media
USB Hub/Port
USB Hub/Port
DICOM functions available
Storage, Print, Media Class, Worklist,
Comments Other Features The Vision CenterTouch Control System allows the technologist access to all fluoro and generator functions at either side of the C-arm or at the workstation. The Quantum's "desk view" offers similar interface with the absence of a workstation.
"Vision Center": Same UI "Vision Center": Same UI at Chassis as well as at Chassis as well as Monitor trolley (Extra Monitor trolley (Extra Touch Screen) Touch Screen)
Search function via 16 image mosaic display
Search function via 16 image mosaic display
Transfer / Connectivity
An optional “Query Retrieve” of other modality images allows users to retrieve a CT or MR image, for example, and display it as a reference on the right workstation monitor during surgery. Media class allows the users to archive images to external media in DICOM , tiff or jpeg formats.
DVD-RW 4.7 GB DVD-RW 4.7 GB capy.DICOM, TIFF, JPG, capy.DICOM, TIFF, JPG, Multimedia Multimedia USB Hub/Port
USB Hub/Port
Storage, Storage Commit, Storage, Storage Commit, Storage, Storage Commit, Print, Media Class, Print, Media Class, Print, Media Class, Worklist, Query-Retrieve, Worklist, Query-Retrieve, Worklist, Query-Retrieve, Verification Class Verification Class Verification Class
Accessory Options Video output allows Paper: sony 960/970 connection to stand-alone paper and film: Sony UP printer 980/990
Printer Options
paper and film: Sony UP 980/990
paper and film: Sony UP 980/990
Handheld Remote control for workstation functions
No
No
No
No
Laser light localizer tube side (alignment or targeting tool)*
Option
Option
Option
Option
Laser light localizer II side (aimer)*
Option
Option
Option
Option
Page 8 of 26
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. Data shown are from published specifications which are subject to change. This document updated 5/16/06.
Quantum
Vista Plus
Vision
Vision R
real-time fluoro
real-time fluoro
pulse based
pulse based
Remote Service Diagnostics
No
No
No
No
3D Image Reconstruction
No
No
No
No
Comments Siemens' ARCADIS C-arms have remote service diagnostics via network connection. Allows service to identify repair parts requirements prior to on-site diagnosis which enhances service ability to correct malfunction on the first call. However, in many cases, hospital IT specialists will not allow access to remote diagnostics through the hospital's eternet port due to security concerns.
Ziehm
Page 9 of 26
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
2.2 kW
GE OEC
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
ARCADIS Orbic
ARCADIS Avantic
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
Series 9800 Plus
9900 Elite
2.2 kW
1.4 kW
2.3 kW
2.3 kW
20 kW
2.2 kW
2.2 kW
15 kW
15 kW
40 - 110 KV
40 - 110 KV
40 - 110 kV
40 - 110 kV
40 - 110 kV
40-125
36-110kV
40 - 110kV
40 - 120 kV
40 - 120 kV
Vision is always in pulse mode
0.2-6 mA
0.2 - 8.9 mA (max. 550 W)
0.2 - 15.2 mA (max. 0.2 - 15.2 mA (max. 0.2 - 15.2 mA (max. 1000 W) 1000 W) 1000 W)
0.2-8.0 mA (may be lower for cont. fluoro)
0.1 - 6 mA (max. 660 W)
Up to 20 mA
up to 8 mA "snapshot" mode
0.2 -12.2 mA (max. 850 W)
0.2 - 23 mA (max. 0.2 - 23 mA (max. 1000 W) 1000 W)
up to 250 mA
0.2-8.0 mA
up to 10 mA (max. W not specified)
up to 75 mA
up to 75 mA
0.1 - 20 mA
0.2-6 mA
0.2 - 8.9 mA (max. 550 W)
up to 23 mA (max. up to 23 mA (max. 2300 W) 2300 W)
up to 67 mA
0.2-8.0 mA
up to 16 mA (max. W not specified)
0.2 - 10, 1 - 40 mA HLF pulsed fluoro
0.2 - 10, 1 - 40 mA HLF pulsed fluoro
1-30 pps.
1 pps.
0.5, 1, 2 pps
0.5 to 8 pps
up to 15 pps.
not specified
1, 2, 4, 8 pps
1,2,4,8 pps
1,2,4,8 pps
Up to 20 mA when using HQ mode
N/A
No
0.5 - 8 pps std., 15 pps optional; up to 23 mA
No
1 - 8 pps; up to 16 mA
15 pps (30 pps on Cardiac) up to 150 mA
15 pps (30 pps on Cardiac) up to 150 mA
4-30 ms, varied by anatomic program
N/A
N/A
min. 7 ms
N/A
25 - 50 ms
10 ms
10 ms
0.5 to 8 pps
0.5 - 8 pps std., 15 Up to 30 pps., up to pps optional; up to 250 mA., 23 mA
min. 7 ms
Page 10 of 26
min. 7 ms
0.2 - 10mA, 1.0 - 20 0.2 - 10mA, 1.0 - 20 mA HLF mA HLF
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
Varian
19.8 X 19.8 cm square (7.8 X 7.8 inches)
GE OEC
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
ARCADIS Orbic
Thomson
Siemens
Siemens
Siemens
Dual-mode 9"/6"
9"/6" dual mode
9"/6" dual mode
9"/6" dual mode
Page 11 of 26
ARCADIS Avantic
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
Series 9800 Plus
9900 Elite
Thales (Thomson) Thales (Thomson) Thales (Thomson) Thales (Thomson)
Quad-mode 13"/8"/6"/5"
Tri-mode 9"/6"/4.5"
Tri-mode 9"/6"/4.5" Tri-mode 9"/6"/4.5" Tri-mode 9"/6"/4.5" or 12"/9"/6" (12" not or 12"/9"/6" (12" not avail. on super C) avail. on super C)
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
Yes
Yes
GE OEC
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
ARCADIS Orbic
ARCADIS Avantic
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
Series 9800 Plus
9900 Elite
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Siemens
Siemens
Siemens
VARIAN
VARIAN
0.6
0.5/1.5 or 0.6/1.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
dual 0.3 and 0.5
0.6
0.6
dual 0.3 and 0.6
dual 0.3 and 0.6
Stationary
Stationary
Stationary
Stationary
Stationary
Rotating
Stationary
Stationary
Rotating
Rotating
45,000 HU
76,000
50,000 HU
50,000 HU
50,000 HU
270,000 HU
55,000
74,200 HU
300,000 HU
300,000 HU
5 Million HU
1,140,000 HU option: active cooling 5 Million HU
1,200,000 HU
1,200,000 HU
1,200,000 HU
2,565,000 HU
not specified
980,000 HU
1,600,000 HU
1,600,000 HU
19,800 - with optional With standard active active cooling, 5,000,000 cooling, 5,000,000 equiv. equiv.
85000 HU/Min
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
Translucent collimator blades.
Translucent collimator blades.
Yes
yes
Yes
yes, semitransparent slot collimators
yes, semitransparent blades
yes, semitransparent blades
No, solid tungsten collimator shutters
Page 12 of 26
No, solid tungsten collimator shutters
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
GE OEC ARCADIS Orbic
ARCADIS Avantic
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
Series 9800 Plus
9900 Elite
Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and parallel Yes, both iris and parallel parallel shutter parallel shutter parallel shutter parallel shutter parallel shutter parallel shutter parallel shutter parallel shutter shutter position and shutter position and position and rotation position and rotation position and rotation position and rotation position and rotation position and rotation position and rotation position and rotation rotation indicators on rotation indicators on indicators on fluoro indicators on fluoro indicators on fluoro indicators on fluoro indicators on fluoro indicators on fluoro indicators on fluoro indicators on fluoro fluoro display fluoro display display display display display display display display display
Flat Detector
CCD
CCD
CCD
CCD
CCD
CCD
CCD
CCD
CCD
1024 x 1024
768 x 576
512 x 512
1024 x 1024
1024 x 1024
1024 x 1024
512 X 512
980 X 980
980 X 980
1280 X 1024
Page 13 of 26
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
18.1"
18.1"
GE OEC
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
ARCADIS Orbic
ARCADIS Avantic
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
Series 9800 Plus
9900 Elite
17" TFT
18" Color TFT or Grayscale TFT
18" Color TFT
18" Color TFT
18.1" rectangular TFT
16" square CRT
16" square CRT
18" LCD Flat Panel mounted on an articulating arm
up to 600 cd/m2 (TFT greyscale); 250 cd/m2 (TFT color)
up to 600 cd/m2 (TFT greyscale); 250 cd/m2 (TFT color)
up to 600 cd/m2 (TFT greyscale); 250 cd/m2 (TFT color)
not specified
not specified
not specified
700 cd/m2 maximum brightness
Yes. Method of rotation not specified
Rotated image appears after movement of onscreen indicator
600 cd/m2
600 cd/m2
250 cd/m2
Digital Image Rotation and Reversal without Radiation
Digital Image Rotation and Reversal without Radiation
Rotated image appears after movement of onscreen indicator
33"
30"
31"
31"
31"
31"
30"
31"
27"
27"
29"
29"
29"
29"
26"
26"
31.5"
31.5"
31.5"
31.9"
31.5
33.5
31"
33"
33"
33"
752 lb.
630.5 lb
566 lbs.
520 lbs.
765 lbs.
770 lbs.
657 lbs.
593 lbs.
721 lbs. (9" I.I.)
721 lbs. (9" I.I.)
Rotation occurs in Rotation occurs in Rotation occurs in real-time as image real-time as image real-time as image is rotated via cursor is rotated via cursor is rotated via cursor
67" H x 63" L x 31.5" W or 84.25" H x 71.65" L x 31.5" W
84.25" H x 71.65" L x 31.5" W
68.9"H x 67.5" L x 31.5" W
68.1" H X 67.5" L x 31.9" W
70.8" H x 84.6" L x 31.5" W
72" H x 78" L x 33.5" W
64.5" H x 67" L x 31" W
352
389
325 lbs.
395 lbs.
418 lbs.
418 lbs.
N/A
69.7" H x 28.3" W x 26.4" 66.5" H x 22.8" W x 27.4" 65.4" H x 33.1" W x 68.3" H x 32.7" W x 68.3" H x 32.7" W x 68.3" H x 32.7" W x D (MC6) D 33.1" W 28.3" D 28.3" D 28.3" D
N/A
manual
manual for standard fluoro, motorized for 3D
manual
manual
electromagnetic
electromagnetic
manual
135 deg. 90°/+45°
90°/+45°
130° (+90°, -40°)
130° (+90°, -40°)
190° (+95°, -95°)
132° (+90°, -42°)
90°/+30°
Page 14 of 26
Rotated image appears after ? movement of onscreen indicator 3 C-arm Designs: a) 4 C-arm Designs: a) 9" I.I., b) 12" I.I., c) 9" I.I., b) 12" I.I., c) "Super C" (only with "Super C" (only with 31"
31"
26" (9" I.I.), 28" (12" 26" (9" I.I.), 28" (12" I.I.), 33" (Super C) I.I.), 33" (Super C)
69.8" H x 75.9" L x 69.8" H x 75.9" L x 33" W (9"I.I.); 72.5" 33" W (9"I.I.); 72.5" 69.5" H x 69.8" L x H x 78.8" L x 33" W H x 78.8" L x 33" W 33" W (12" I.I.); 70.5" H x (12" I.I.); 70.5" H x 78.3" L x 33"W 78.3" L x 33"W (Super C) (Super C) not specified
not specified
503 lbs
64" H x 27" W x 27" 64" H x 27" W x 27" 69.5" H x 35.5" W x D D 29.1" D Motorized C-arm Motorized C-arm Option ($60K) Option ($60K) provides motorized provides motorized manual manual manual
135°
Standard and Standard and Medium C: Medium C: 115°(90/25°), Super 115°(90/25°), Super C = 148° (93°/55°) C = 148° (93°/55°)
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
5,000
1,000
up to 55,000
Optional up to 4,850 (3D recon. Memory separate from 4,850 memory)
1-10 frames/s, 1-15 frames/s, 1-30 frames/s
Playback via touch screen at monitor cart or chassis. Auto playback
GE OEC
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
ARCADIS Orbic
ARCADIS Avantic
200 std., 2,000 and 5,000 optional
10,000
10,000
40,000
1-8 frames/s, 8-12.5 frames/s
0.5,1,2,3,4,5,6
1,2,3,5,8 (15 optional)
1,2,3,5,8 (15 optional)
Cine loop start, stop and replay rate controls (at workstation)
Playback via manual button at chassis or monitor cart
Playback through syngo interface at workstation
Playback through syngo interface at workstation
Bone, Heart, Abdomen, Endo, Motion, Metal, Soft, a) children, extremities b) 5 Per User Mode (4) Large Patient, Automatic spine, hip c) heart or lung + 1x Roadmapping Motion Detection, (preconfiguration done by = 21 Automatic Metal technical staff) Correction
Yes
N/A
1/2 dose button
1/2 dose button
200 Exam Sets
200 Exam Sets
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
9900 Elite
63 (General 63 (General Surgical) 400 (all Surgical) 400 (all others) others) 400 image storage 400 image storage 400 image storage USB storage device on ESP & Vascular on ESP & Vascular on ESP & Vascular port, optional CD pkgs. Dynamic packages. Dynamic packages. Dynamic storage device, image storage = image storage = image storage = optional DICOM 3.0 2,400 images with 8 960 images with 8 960 images with 8 f/s disk and 9,000 f/s disk, 9,000 f/s disk, 9,000 60,000
63 (GSP = Basic Version)
1,2,3,5,8 (15 & 30 optional)
N/A
1,2,4,8 BasicVasc; 1,2,4,8,15 Vascular
Autoplayback
N/A
Autoplayback
200 Exam Sets
Series 9800 Plus
limited
None
1,2,4,8 BasicVasc; 1,2,4,8 BasicVasc; 1,2,4,8,15 Vascular; 1,2,4,8,15,30 1,2,4,8,15,30 Vascular MTS & NeuroVasc & Cardiac Cardiac
Autoplayback
Autoplayback
None
Dynamic Range Management (DRM) for General, Cardiac, Ortho, Vascular, Bolus Chase & Spine
The Auto Trak feature uses a moving sampling window to "find" patient anatomy within the imaging field and adjust technique accordingly. Yes
Yes
Yes
Page 15 of 26
Yes
"low dose" mode
"low dose" key
"low dose" key
"low dose" key
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
yes (5 Steps - for Realtime and Post Processing)
GE OEC
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
ARCADIS Orbic
yes (5 Steps - for Realtime and Post Processing)
Yes, Realtime & Post-Processing
Yes; Realtime & Post-Processing
toggle through 4 steps level/window
toggle through 4 steps level/window
4 Steps + Auto Window
4 Steps + Auto Window
4 Steps + Auto Window
Standard
Standard
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
yes (7 levels)
yes (7 levels)
Vascular Pkg. required
Vascular Pkg. required
Yes Yes
ARCADIS Avantic
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
Series 9800 Plus
9900 Elite
Yes
only with ESP Package
Yes
Yes
5 Steps + Auto Window
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Not Specified
Yes. (not on GSP pkg.)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes. Not on GSP pkg.)
Yes
Yes
Yes, 2 x
Yes, continously variable
Yes, continously variable
Yes, continously variable
Yes, up to 1600%
Yes Yes
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Optional
No
Yes
Yes,Realtime & Post- Yes,Realtime & PostProcessing Processing
Yes, 2X and 4X (not Yes, 2X and 4X (not Yes, 2X and 4X (not on GSP pkg) on GSP pkg) on GSP pkg)
No No
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes, with Vascular Module
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
1 or 2 lengths
1 or 2 lengths
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
1 or 2 angles
1 or 2 angles
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
no
no
no
Page 16 of 26
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
"Vision Center": Same UI at Chassis as well as Monitor trolley (Extra Touch Screen)
GE OEC
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
ARCADIS Orbic
ARCADIS Avantic
Keyboard (Monitor cart), Keyboard on Carm Chassis, Touch panel monitor at C-arm for 3D control
Keyboard (Monitor trolley) & Chassis
Syngo Interface, Keyboard and mouse (Monitor trolley) & Chassis
Syngo Interface, Keyboard and mouse (Monitor trolley) & Chassis
Syngo Interface, Keyboard and mouse (Monitor trolley) & Chassis
Search function via 16 image mosaic display
Search function via 16 image mosaic display (mosaic archiving with vascular configuration)
Yes 4 x 4
DVD-RW 4.7 GB capy.DICOM, TIFF, JPG, Multimedia
yes CD (1000 in TIFF /DICOM format)
No
yes, in DICOM & BMP formats
yes, in DICOM & BMP formats
USB Hub/Port
USB Hub/Port
MOD Option: 900 dicom format images
No
Storage, Storage Commit, Storage, Storage Commit, Print, Media Class, Print, Media Class, Send, Print, Worklist Worklist, Query-Retrieve, Worklist, Query-Retrieve, Verification Class Verification Class
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
Series 9800 Plus
9900 Elite
2 Touchscreens
Keyboard (Monitor trolley), Touchscreen (Monitor), Chassis (left & right)
Keyboard (Monitor trolley), Touchscreen (Monitor), Chassis (left & right)
Keyboard (Monitor Trolley) with touchpad, Touchscreen Monitor, Chassis (left & right)
Not Specified
9x
16x
16x
yes, in DICOM & BMP formats
Optional
No
Option, external drive
Onboard CD/DVD
No
No
USB storage device port
PC Memory Card
PC Memory Card
Send, Print, Worklist, MPPS, Storage Commit, Multi-Modality Query-Retrieve
Send, Print, Worklist, MPPS, Storage Commit, Multi-Modality Query-Retrieve
Send, Print, Worklist, MPPS, Storage Commit, Multi-Modality Query-Retrieve
DICOM 3.0 optional. Functions Not Print, Send, Worklist Print,Send, Worklist Specified.
Store, Print, Worklist Query
Sony 980 / 960, Sony 980 / 960, Sony thermal printer Codonics EP, Sony Codonics EP, Sony UP-D71XR UP-D71XR
Integrated film/paper printer, thermal printers
Yes, selectable 2x2, Yes, selectable 2x2, Yes, selectable 2x2, 3x3, 4x4 3x3, 4x4 3x3, 4x5
paper and film: Sony UP 980/990
Paper: sony 960/970 paper and film: Sony UP 980/990
Sony 980 / 960
Sony UP-D72
Sony UP-D72
Sony UP-D72
No
No
No
No
No
No
N/A
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Optional
No
No
No
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Optional
Option
Option
Option
Page 17 of 26
Siemens Vision FD
Vario 3D
pulse based
real-time fluoro
No
No
GE OEC
Compact L
ARCADIS Varic
ARCADIS Orbic
ARCADIS Avantic
Fluorostar
FlexiView 8800
Series 9800 Plus
9900 Elite
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
"remote assessment"
YES, with 3D package
no
No
Yes. Requires 3D package. Performs 3D reconstructions from motorized
No
No
no
Page 18 of 26
Yes. Requires 3D Yes. Requires 3D navigation system. navigation system. Performs 3D Performs 3D reconstructions from reconstructions from
Philips BV Libra
BV Endura
BV Pulsera
3.15 kW
3.15 kW
7.5 kW
40 - 105 kV
40 - 105 kV
40 - 120 KV
0.1 - 7.2 mA
0.1 - 7.2 mA
0.1 - 8.3 mA. Up to 10mA HLF, up to 20 mA for High Definition Fluoro Mode
N/A
N/A
up to 75 mA "sharpshot" mode
Not specified
Not specified
up to 60 mA
1 pps
1, 2 pps
6.25 & 12.5 pps (pulsed fluoro, quarter & half dose mode)
No
No
3 - 30 pps with Cardiac Pulse Package
N/A
N/A
8 - 11 ms
Pulsera R2?
Page 19 of 26
Philips BV Libra
BV Endura
BV Pulsera
Philips
Philips
Philips
Tri-mode 9"/7"/5"
Tri-mode 9" (9/7/5") or 12" (12/9/7")
Tri-mode 9" (9/7/5") or 12" (12/9/7")
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Clinton
Clinton
Varian
0.6
0.6
0.3 & 0.6
Stationary
Stationary
Rotating Monobloc
50,000 HU
50,000 HU
300,000 HU
1,200,000 HU
1,200 000 HU
1,900,000 HU
30,600 HU/Min
30,600 HU/Min
70,000 HU/Min
yes
yes
yes
Pulsera R2?
Page 20 of 26
Philips BV Libra
No, full lead shutters
BV Endura
BV Pulsera
Pulsera R2?
No, 2 independently No, 2 independently moveable full lead moveable lead shutters shutters with wedge tip
Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and Yes, both iris and parallel parallel shutter parallel shutter shutter position and position and rotation position and rotation rotation indicators on indicators on fluoro indicators on fluoro fluoro display display display
CCD
CCD
CCD
768 x 494
768 x 494
1024 x 1024
18" LCD
18" LCD
18" LCD
350 cd/m2
350 cd/m2
350 cd/m2, 500 cd/m2 optional
30.3"
30.3"
30.3"
25"
24"
24"
34.6"
34.6"
34.6"
605 lbs.
660 lbs.
672 lb.(9"), 683 lb.(12")
Page 21 of 26
Philips BV Libra
BV Endura
BV Pulsera
72" H x 72.4"L x 34.6" (9" I.I.)
72" H x 72.4"L x 34.6" (9" I.I.), 74.4" H x 72.4" L x 34.6" W (12" I.I.)
9": 68.5" H x 76" L x 31.9" W
Not Specified
Not Specified
Not Specified
74" H x 35.8" W x 27.6" D
74" H x 35.8" W x 27.6" D
74" H x 35.8" W x 27.6" D
manual
manual
manual
115° (+90 / -25°)
135° (+90 / -45°)
115° (+90 / -25°) / extended rotation option: 135°
Pulsera R2?
Page 22 of 26
Philips BV Libra
BV Endura
BV Pulsera
16
16
10,000 max
Pulsera R2?
Extension: 500 Extension: 50, 500 (5F/s) or 5,000 500 (5 fps) 5,000 (8fps) (3 F/s) or 1000 (5 (8F/s) or 10,000 (30 10,000 (30 fps) F/s) F/s)
1,2,3,5,8,15
1,2,3,5,8,15
3,5,8,15,30
Playback via manual button at monitor cart
Playback via manual button at monitor cart
Playback via manual button at monitor cart
10 freely programmable organprograms
yes: Anatom.Progr.Fluor o (APF)
yes: Anatom.Progr.Fluoro (APF)
Philips' Body Smart" feature uses a grid of fewer sampling windows to "look" for the location of actual anatomy within the imaging field. In cases where an orthopedic physician may not have centered an extremity correctly, this feature assists in providing the user with an appropriate exposure.
No
No
No
Yes
Yes (Realtime & Postprocessing)
Yes (Realtime & Postprocessing)
No
No
Not specified
Yes
Yes
Yes
option: extended option: extended processing package processing package
Yes (option: extended processing package) Page 23 of 26
Philips BV Libra
BV Endura
option: extended option: extended processing package processing package
BV Pulsera
Pulsera R2?
Yes (option: extended processing package)
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Not Specified
Not specified
Not specified
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Vascular Pkg. required Yes Yes
Page 24 of 26
Philips BV Libra
Keyboard with Trackball (Monitor trolley), Chassis
BV Endura
BV Pulsera
Pulsera R2?
Keyboard with Keyboard with Trackball Trackball (Monitor (Monitor trolley), Chassis trolley), Chassis
16 x (only if memory 16 x (only if memory extension is extension is chosen) chosen)
16 x (only if memory extension is chosen)
yes - option
yes - option
yes - option
Print, Send, Worklist. Optional interface includes Storage Commit, MPPS
Print, Send, Worklist. Optional interface includes Storage Commit, MPPS
Multimodality Query Retrieve via View Forum onboard PC. Print, Send, Worklist. Optional interface includes Storage Commit, MPPS
Sony 980 / 960
Sony 980 / 960
Sony 980 / 960
No
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option
Option (for 9"I.I. only)
Option (for 9"I.I. only)
Option (for 9"I.I. only)
Page 25 of 26
Philips BV Libra
BV Endura
BV Pulsera
No
No
No
no
no
3-DRX option for 3D volume acquisition and reconstruction
Pulsera R2?
Page 26 of 26
