The 98-349 practice exam is written and formatted by Certified Senior IT ... you
can feel confident in obtaining your success on the 98-349 exam on your FIRST ...
Operating System Concepts – 8th Edition. Objectives. ▫ To describe the services
an operating system provides to users, processes, and other systems.
trick in resolving this tension is to design interfaces that rely on a few ... duced by
Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie's Unix operating system, as well as mim-.
Operating System Concepts. Objectives. □ To describe the services an operating
system provides to users, processes, and other systems. □ To discuss the ...
2. CHAPTER 1. GROUP FUNDAMENTALS. The identity is unique (1 = 1 1 = 1), ...
nite cyclic group, the (necessarily cyclic) subgroups of G are of the form {1,b.
Chapter 2. Operating System Overview. Operating Systems: Internals and Design
Principles, 6/E. William Stallings. Operating System Overview. Dave Bremer.
1.2.5.2 Multi Programming Operating System. 1.2.5.3 Multitasking ...... Operating
Systems, Madnick S.E., Donovan J.T., Tata McGraw Hill. Publishing Company ...
OS controls access to system as a whole and to specific system resources. — A
great deal of ... MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System) launched Microsoft in
...
1. Introduction. Chapter 1. 1.1 What is an operating system. 1.2 History of
operating systems. 1.3 The operating system zoo. 1.4 Computer hardware review
.
Chapter 1: Introduction. 1.2. Operating System Concepts, 7th Edition. Part I –
Overview. Ch1. Introduction. Ch2. Operating System Structures. Part II – Process
...
Chapter 1. Networking. Fundamentals. This chapter provides an overview of .....
1960s—The first large-scale commercial computer network is created for an ...
Networking. Fundamentals. This chapter provides an overview of basic
networking concepts, including network architecture, design, and project
management.
2004 Deitel & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 – Introduction to
Operating Systems. Outline. 1.1. Introduction. 1.2. What Is an Operating System?
Copyright by author, 1998. 1. Chapter 1. Fundamentals of NMR. THOMAS L. JAMES. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. University of California.
The general phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance is introduced using
both ... of the fundamentals pertain to molecules in the gas or solid phase as well.
Operating System Structure. ⢠Virtual Machines. ⢠Operating System Debugging and Generation. ⢠System Boot. CSD 20
Operating System Objectives/Functions. – The Evolution of Operating Systems. –
Major Achievements. – Developments Leading to Modern Operating. Systems.
System Capacity. DX-408 : 4 analogue trunk lines. Trunk. DX-408i : 2 BRI lines (4 Channels). (CO3.4/BRI2 line (2 Channel
2004 Deitel & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 1 – Introduction to
Operating Systems. Outline. 1.1. Introduction. 1.2. What Is an Operating System?
William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. Grand Rapids ..... Rough breathing, indicated by the symbol ῾ over an initial vowel or diphthong and the consonant Ï ...
Today's business world is global, Internet-driven, and obsessed with speed. ...
Strategy refers to top management's plans to develop and sustain competitive ...
Debates over the nature of the organization's competitive advantage, its ..
Why organize a book on chemical biology around biooligomers? ... your cells are
biooligomers made up of molecular subunits, and each of those molecu-.
Other rat models of diabetes. 32. 9.4. Other animal models of type 1 diabetes. 33. Chapter 10. Present view on diabetes and patient. 34. Glossary. 35.
Page 1 ... Network operating system: resource sharing to achieve Interoperability.
3. Distributed operating system: a single computer view of a multiple- computer ...
CHAPTER 1: OPERATING SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS
What is an operating system? • A collection of software modules to assist programmers in enhancing system efficiency, flexibility, and robustness • An Extended Machine from the users’ viewpoint • A Resource Manager from the system’s viewpoint
What are the primary functions of an operating system? • multiplexing the processor(s) • scheduling processes • coordinating interaction among processes, interprocess communication and synchronization • managing system resources (I/O, memory, data files) • enforcing access control and protection • maintaining system integrity and performing error recovery • providing an interface to the users
1
Evolution of modern operating systems 1. Centralized operating system: resource management and extended machine to support Virtuality 2. Network operating system: resource sharing to achieve Interoperability 3. Distributed operating system: a single computer view of a multiplecomputer system for Transparency 4. Cooperative autonomous system: cooperative work with Autonomicity
A spectrum of modern operating systems
Decreasing Degree of Hardware and Software Coupling 1st
3rd
4th
2nd
centralized
distributed
cooperative
network
operating
operating
autonomous
operating
system
system
system
system
2
Operating system structuring methods • modularization • vertical partitioning (layered one-in-one-out structure) • horizontal partitioning • client/server model • minimal (or micro) kernel • subsystem with API and SPI
Windows NT: an example of operating system structure
OS / 2 client
Win 32 client
POSIX client
OS / 2
Win 32
POSIX
subsystem
subsystem
subsystem User Mode
object manager
security reference monitor
process manager
local procedure call
virtual memory manager
kernel with hardware abstraction hardware platform
3
I/O manager
Executives
Kernel Mode
system service API
Overview of centralized operating systems: Resource Manager • Process management – interprocess communication – process synchronization – process scheduling • Memory management – memory allocation and deallocation – logical to physical address mapping – virtual memory support: segmentation and paging – protection • Device management – device driver – buffering – spooling • Data management – file access – file sharing – concurrency control – data replication
4
Network operating system • interoperability: ability of information exchange among heterogeneous systems • supported by network communication protocols • transport service: the primary interface between operating system and computer network • characterized by common network applications (servers) – remote login – file transfer – messaging – browsing – remote execution
A network file system example
application processes file service local network file system file system
peer communication protocols
file service local network file system file system device transport management service device network service KERNEL drivers
device transport management service device network drivers KERNEL service local hardware
application processes
communication network
5
local hardware
Distributed operating system • transparency • servers for supporting resource sharing and distributed processing • algorithms to implement transparencies • details in latter chapters
Cooperative autonomous system • client/server model • object model • software bus (middleware, broker, or trader) • CORBA and ODP • Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems
An example of cooperative autonomous system
well-known server
servers
objects
newspaper
car lot salesperson
manager
salesperson
mechanic
car buyer
car buyer clients
dealership
6
service shop
Why do we need distributed control algorithms? An algorithm is sometimes called protocol if it specifies coordination more than computation. • algorithm changes due to message passing • need for consensus algorithms due to lack of global information • concurrency control algorithms to avoid interference in resource sharing • coherency control algorithms to maintain consistency for data replication • protocols for group communication in distributed applications • fault-tolerance algorithms for handling failure and recovery • real-time and distributed scheduling algorithms
