Characterizing the Variety of Developments and ...

Characterizing the Variety of Developments and issues under the Umbrella of 3D Printing A focus on 3D Bioprinting Douglas K. R. Robinson LISIS, University of Paris-Est, France [email protected]

Presented at: Kings College London. Innovation pathways in 3D Bioprinting. Invited to present at focus group for the UK’s Engineering Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) project on mass customization governance of Redistributed Manufacturing (RDM) in 3D printing. Somerset House, London, UK. 4th November 2016.

Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society

http://umr-lisis.fr/

The promise of 3d printing

3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing • Hype • Hope • Large rhetoric • Age of everyone printing whatever they want….. ……..Not quite the case.



A 3D printer set up • A 3D printer activity is made up of four elements • The triad of printer / material / design file • And the product that is being produced



A dominant design : a tripartite schema • A 3D printer activity is made up of four elements • The triad of printer / material / design file • And the product that is A dominant being produced

design!

(ii) Additive Process Tech.

A general AM machine

(i) Design Software

Design software sensitive to different materials and their properties (emergent)


(iii) Dedicated Materials


Is a there a rapid prototyping ‘industry’ ? Is there a market? And what does it look like?



Source: Robinson and Lagnau (forthcoming) Innovation Pathways in Additive Manufacturing. Tehcnolgoical Forecastign and Social Change

Figure A: Key patents overlaid on issued US patents for Additive Manufacturing.

Figure B: The growth in number of machine supplier firms overlaid on yearly machine sales




Growth in firm entry

Open source printers Crowd funding >100k!

Look at the burst of Mergers and Acquisitions!

IPOs! Steady growth in key patents and patent infringements

Figure A: Key patents overlaid on issued US patents for Additive Manufacturing.

Figure B: The growth in number of machine supplier firms overlaid on yearly machine sales



So a maturing supply of printers, but what about use?



A search in the web of Science reveals clusters of themes of research and development. Many BEYOND rapid prototyping. New capabilities and new knowledge

A focus on

Advanced in biomedical materials and applications

Manufacturing

A search in the web of Science reveals clusters of themes of research and development.

New materials like

Ceramics

Many BEYOND rapid prototyping. New capabilities and new knowledge

Advances in Automation

& Computation



3D printing branching Branching into ?




The triad evolving in different paths











Current embedding scenarios in medical area 3D printed skull

DIY Prosthetics

Printed tissues

This case distributed across three regulatory zones

Open source and affordable but with quality and safety issues

Emergent but maturing. Early apps as tissues for screening



Current embedding scenarios in medical area 3D printed skull

DIY Prosthetics

Printed tissues

This case distributed across three regulatory zones

Open source and affordable but with quality and safety issues

Emergent but maturing. Early apps as tissues for screening



Dedicated research community

Workshop at UMC Utrecht

Does 3D bioprinting mean business?

Conducted with Jos Malda Uni Utrecht

Variety of stakeholders, tissue engineers, 3D bioprinting researchers, investors, regulators, etc.

Three BROAD markets identified



Three scenarios

•3D bioprinted tissues for research purposes •3D bioprinted tissues for screening purposes •3D bioprinted tissues for clinical purposes Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies of Science innovation and Society


3D bioprinting supply chain for research Dedicated printer and bioink companies emerging some offering tissues

3D bioprinting and screening applications



Bioprinting for clinical applications



Selected challenges



Jessop, Z. M., Al-Himdani, S., Clement, M., & Whitaker, I. S. (2015). the challenge for reconstructive surgeons in the twenty-first century: manufacturing tissue-engineered solutions. Frontiers in surgery, 2.

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