Jan 3, 2011 - Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course. Outline of ... Mass Transfer (Purification, Separation
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics P Sunthar Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Mumbai 400076, India
[email protected]
03 Jan 2011
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Outline of the Lecture
1
Chemical Engineering
2
Fluid Mechanics
3
CL 254 Course
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
2 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Outline of this Section
1
Chemical Engineering Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
2
Fluid Mechanics
3
CL 254 Course
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
3 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Product vs Service Sensory appeal Defining products of a discipline Personal attachment
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
4 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Chemical Industry is Service Oriented Service oriented Provides raw materials in bulk Intellectually challenging Complex system Several non-linear interacting systems
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
5 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Major Chemicals
Sulphuric Acid (140 plants, 12 Million tonnes/Annum) Ammonia, Urea (20 Million tpa), Nitric Acid Sodium Hydroxide Petroleum Products: Fuels, Ethylene, Greases Pharmaceuticals
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
6 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
The Chemical Process Production of Bulk materials from raw materials Feed Preparation (Purification, Heating, Compression) Transformation (Reaction) Separation End Products By-products Unreacted reagents
The Goal Energy Efficient Economical Environmental effects Minimised (Wasteless)
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
7 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
The Challenge
Food security: Food production through non-biological routes? From Minerals to food products
Energy security: Non-petroleum sources of energy. Pollution of biosphere.
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
8 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Sulphuric Acid Process
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
9 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Unit Operations
Momentum Transfer (Fluid Mechanics) Mass Transfer (Purification, Separation) Heat Transfer (State Changes) Chemical Reaction
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
10 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Feed Preparation Operations
Ion Exchange Column Deareator (Spray, Bubble Column) Heat Exchanger Compressor
http://www.lhwinc.com/ http://thermgard.com.au
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
11 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Feed Preparation Operations
http://www.lhwinc.com/
Ion Exchange Column Deareator (Spray, Bubble Column) Heat Exchanger Compressor http://thermgard.com.au
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
11 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Feed Preparation Operations
Ion Exchange Column
http://www.lhwinc.com/ http://thermgard.com.au
Deareator (Spray, Bubble Column) Heat Exchanger Compressor
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
11 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Feed Preparation Operations
Ion Exchange Column
http://www.lhwinc.com/ http://thermgard.com.au
Deareator (Spray, Bubble Column) Heat Exchanger Compressor
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
11 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Reaction Operations Stirred Tank Tubular Reactor Fixed (Packed) Bed Reactor Fluidised Bed Reactor
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
12 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Reaction Operations
Stirred Tank Tubular Reactor Fixed (Packed) Bed Reactor Fluidised Bed Reactor
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
12 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Reaction Operations
Stirred Tank Tubular Reactor Fixed (Packed) Bed Reactor Fluidised Bed Reactor
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
12 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Reaction Operations
Stirred Tank Tubular Reactor Fixed (Packed) Bed Reactor Fluidised Bed Reactor
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
12 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Separation Operations
Distillation Filtration Cyclone Extraction
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
13 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Separation Operations Distillation Filtration Cyclone Extraction
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
13 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Separation Operations Distillation Filtration Cyclone Extraction
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
13 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Nature Chemical Process Unit Operations
Separation Operations
Distillation Filtration Cyclone Extraction
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
13 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Mechanics Energetics
Outline of this Section
1
Chemical Engineering
2
Fluid Mechanics Mechanics Energetics
3
CL 254 Course
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
14 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Mechanics Energetics
Mechanics of Fluids
Velocities (Kinematics) Forces (Dynamics) Energy
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
15 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Mechanics Energetics
Discrete and Continuous
Discrete particle Mechanics Mechanics of continuous medium Solid Mechanics Fluid Mechanics
New Terms in Fluid Mechanics Density Viscosity Elasticity Non-linear behaviour (Oils, Honey) Time dependent behaviour (Tooth-Pastes)
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
16 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Mechanics Energetics
Fluid Mechanics and Plant Design
Forces (pressures) by fluid on Equipment Mechanical design of Equipment Processing rates (volumetric flow rates)
Energy for transport fluids or mixing Power consumption Efficiency of operation
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
17 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Mechanics Energetics
Challenges in Fluid Mechanics
Simple Equations but difficult solution Difficulty posed by Geometry of Equipment Spatial Variation of properties Unknown behaviour of properties (turbulence, Non-Newtonian)
Simplification by Mathematical models Simple physical models Requires good physical insight
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
18 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Lectures Assessment Attendance
Outline of this Section
1
Chemical Engineering
2
Fluid Mechanics
3
CL 254 Course Lectures Assessment Attendance
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
19 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Lectures Assessment Attendance
Lectures: Fundamentals to Plant Design
About 10 industrial operations Chosen from Sulphuric Acid, Methanol, and Urea Plants Pipe flows and Pumping Compressors Reactors Separation Equipments
Connection with fundamentals Simplifications Exactly solvable problems Approximate solutions to full problems
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
20 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Lectures Assessment Attendance
Assessment
Assignments Online Problems with answers for practice 5% of total marks
Quizzes 10 short (15 min) quizzes 20% of total
Mid-sem: 25% End-sem: 50%
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
21 / 22
Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics CL 254 Course
Lectures Assessment Attendance
Attendance
No XX Grade Attendance will be recorded everyday: by You Pass sheet in a Zig-Zag manner; be truthful. If you miss, meet me after class Room 222, First Floor. Ph: 7229
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
CL 254: Process Fluid Mechanics
CL 254
22 / 22