â·Communities. â·Flooding. â·Sea level rise, storm surge, storms .... 20,000-50,000$ annually. â· Flooding, ocean ac
Capacity of Rural Communities to Adapt to Climate Change Samantha Thurlow MScF candidate University of New Brunswick Tom Beckley
Community Capacity “The
collective ability of a group to combine
various forms of capital within institutional and relational contexts to produce desired results or outcomes.” (Beckley et al 2008)
al ur l at ta N api C
an l um pita H a C
Opportunities & Threats
Communal
Ca O pa ut c co ity m es
S so ph re ci er la al es ti o o f n s Market
Associative
E Ca co pi nom ta l ic
Bureaucratic
al al i c it So ap C
C C ap at a al cit ys y ts
A
ss et s
Facets of Community Capacity
1)Maintain Economic Vitality 2) Maintain Civic Vitality 3) Subsist and Persist 4) Access State Resources 5) Link to the Global Economy 6) Maintain Ecological Integrity 7) Maintain Human Health
Beckley et al 2008
Community Capitals (Beckley et al 2008) Economic Property
tax revenue
Municipal Personal
Value
infrastructure
savings
of real estate
Municipal
bond rating
Number
of businesses
Stability
and success of businesses
Community Capitals (Beckley et al 2008) Human
Capital
Education
attainment
Dependency Quality
of leadership
Quantity Life
ratio
of leadership
skills
Trade
and technical training
Entrepreneurship
Community Capitals (Beckley et al 2008) Natural Forest
Soil
Capital resources
resources
Amenity
values (aesthetics)
Mineral
resources
Wildlife
resources
Water Air
quality
quality
Community Capitals (Beckley et al 2008) Social
Capital
Participation
at events
Number
of voluntary associations
Bonding
social capital
Bridging
social capital
Linking
social capital
Density
of acquaintanceship
Social
networks
al ur l at ta N api C
an l um pita H a C
Opportunities & Threats
Communal
Ca O pa ut c co ity m es
S so ph re ci er la al es ti o o f n s Market
Associative
E Ca co pi nom ta l ic
Bureaucratic
al al i c it So ap C
C C ap at a al cit ys y ts
A
ss et s
Facets of Community Capacity
1)Maintain Economic Vitality 2) Maintain Civic Vitality 3) Subsist and Persist 4) Access State Resources 5) Link to the Global Economy 6) Maintain Ecological Integrity 7) Maintain Human Health
Beckley et al 2008
Climate Change Communities Flooding
Sea
level rise, storm surge, storms
Erosion
Fisheries
and aquaculture
Physical
changes have both direct and indirect effects (Reid et al 2013)
Damage
to gear and farm systems (Reid et al 2013)
al ur l at ta N api C
an l um pita H a C
Opportunities & Threats
Communal
Ca O pa ut c co ity m es
S so ph re ci er la al es ti o o f n s Market
Associative
E Ca co pi nom ta l ic
Bureaucratic
al al i c it So ap C
C C ap at a al cit ys y ts
A
ss et s
Facets of Community Capacity
1)Maintain Economic Vitality 2) Maintain Civic Vitality 3) Subsist and Persist 4) Access State Resources 5) Link to the Global Economy 6) Maintain Ecological Integrity 7) Maintain Human Health
Beckley et al 2008
Aim Increase Identify
self reliance of small rural communities community assets and barriers
Implement
the theoretical assessment tool and
workshop protocol developed by Beckley et al 2008
Study Communities
Pennfield
Google Maps
Preliminary Data Interviews Signer et al 2014
Preliminary Interviews Saint 4
Andrews, 6 interviews
women, 2 men
Keswick 2
Ridge, 8 interviews
women, 6 men
Blacks
Harbour and Pennfield
Ongoing
Preliminary Data Interviews Statistics
Canada
Signer et al 2014
Statistics Canada Saint Andrews age distribution Saint Andrews
Charlotte County
New Brunswick
Canada
12 10
8 6 4 2 0
(Statistics Canada 2011)
Workshops Exercises Define
community boundaries
Signer et al 2014
Keswick Ridge Boundary Perception
Workshops Exercises
Define community boundaries
Rating of capital assets
Signer et al 2014
Capital Assets Exercise: Economic STABILITY AND SUCCESS OF BUSINESSES
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
3
4
5
PROPERTY TAX REVENUE
VALUE OF REAL ESTATE
1
2
5
1
2
3
4
5
Workshops Exercises
Define community boundaries
Rating of capital assets
Compile asset amoeba
Signer et al 2014
Social Capital
Infrastructure Voluntary Associations Participation
5 4
Economic Capital
Business Success
Real Estate Value
3 2
Bonding
Property Tax Revenue
1
0
Bridging
Entrepreneurship
Soil
Natural Capital
Education
Amenity
Life Skills
Water Quality
Leadership Wildlife
Human Capital
Workshops Exercises
Define community boundaries
Rating of capital assets
Compile asset amoeba
Exit
surveys
Follow-up
and practical recommendations
Signer et al 2014
End Results
Empowerment of the pilot communities through the building of capacity and strengthening of their weaknesses
Help communities become more self reliant
Further development of an assessment tool for community capacity
Workbook with broader applications that can be used in any region
References
Beckley, T.M., D. Martz, S. Nadeau, E. Wall, and B. Reimer. 2008. Multiple capacities, multiple outcomes: Delving deeper into the meaning of community capacity. Journal of Rural and Community Development, 3(3): 56-75.
Reid, G.K., A. Garber, L. Cooper, M. Greenlaw and M. Flaherty. 2013. Climate change implications on aquaculture management and research. Aquaculture Canada.
Signer, K., K. Reeder, and D. Killorn. 2014. Community Vulnerability Assessment of Climate Change and Variability Impacts in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, St. Croix Estuary Project Inc. and Eastern Charlotte Waterways Inc.
Acknowledgements
Keswick Ridge Environmental Trust Fund
Questions?
Hoskins, N.
Saint Andrews
(Signer et al 2014)
Population ~1,800 (Statistics Canada 2011)
National Historic Site 1998
3 long-term operations that influence the sociodemographics Huntsman,
SABS and Algonquin
Tourism – May to October
Predominately seniors
Flooding Hoskins, N.
Blacks Harbour
(Signer et al 2014)
Population ~982
Fishing Industry town
(Statistics Canada 2011)
Herring
Aquaculture
Ferry to Grand Mannan
Ocean Acidification and warming
http://i1.trekearth.com/photos/131845/sunset_harbour_.jpg
St. George
(Signer et al 2014)
Populations ~1,500 (Statistics Canada 2011)
Long established community
Salmon Aquaculture
Manufacturing and natural resource sectors Irving,
Cooke Aquaculture and fishermen
20,000-50,000$ annually
Flooding, ocean acidification, and warming
Thurlow, S
Keswick Ridge Saint Andrews