CONTAINERIZATION & FEEDERING: THE CASE OF THE BALTIC SEA Klaipeda – April 2017 Seaport Development: Geography, Technology, Society 2017
Arnaud Serry University of Le Havre Normandie UMR IDEES LE HAVRE
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INTRODUCTION
Background: The Baltic Sea is one of the world's busiest seas 8 % of the world's maritime Important increase in recent years Fast development of container traffic
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INTRODUCTION Purpose • The approach is mainly through networks and regular lines • It also relies on the analysis of maritime traffic Interrogations on Baltic maritime market specificities Methodology • Desktop research, literature review • Statistical analysis: construction of a wide-ranging and evolutionary database on ports and lines 3
THE CONTEXT History • The Iron Curtain was dividing the Baltic Sea in two separated areas • The eastern shore of the BSR has undergone a transformation from planned economies to market orientation A growing traffic
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CARGO STRUCTURE IN THE BSR
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CONTAINER TRAFFIC BSR container ports in 2015
AN “EUROPEAN” NETWORK ?
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FEEDERING IN THE BSR
Unifeeder : Russia – Northern Range
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GERMAN PORTS • Hamburg specialised in container handling (Asia-Europe and Baltic feeder traffic). • In 2015, 88% of the baltic container ports have at least one line to Hamburg • Hamburg is connected to 34 baltic ports and Bremerhaven to 33 of them when Rotterdam has 17 connexions and Antwerp only 15 • TEU theorical capacity : 5,1 M TEU to the BSR from Hamburg and only 4,4 in Rotterdam and 4,3 in Bremerhaven
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HAMBURG’S SUPREMACY Maritime costs comparison Copenhagen Helsinki
SaintPétersburg
TEU cost from Rotterdam
122
232
260
Kiel canal cost
40
40
40
Total price per TEU from 162 Rotterdam ($)
272
300
TEU cost from Hamburg
78
180
208
Kiel canal cost
40
40
40
220
248
Total price per TEU from 118 Hamburg($)
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CONTAINER MARKET FORECAST Comparison of container ships’ capacity and duration of port call in some Baltic Sea ports.
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THE MAIN ACTORS Unifeeder offered capacity from November 1st to November 1st 2016.
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THE MAIN ACTORS Results of AIS data exploitation for some Baltic ports
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STRATEGIES
CONTAINERIZATION NETWORK IN 2013
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CONTAINERIZATION NETWORK IN 2015
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A DUAL SYSTEM ? • On one hand : feeder services & containerisation • On the other hand : the ro-ro network
→ Intra-Baltic network
CONCLUSION • Baltic shipping is constantly growing. • Short Sea Shipping (including feedering) is the main solution to transport general cargo and passengers. • Competition has strong impacts on the market. • Baltic Sea ports are hierarchized. • Are Sub-regionalisation and regional hubs the consequences of this organisation ?
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ACIU
[email protected] 19
