Wars. The ultimate expansion of the U.S. towards the Pacific after the Civil War, .... Critical tools of the new discipline of American Indian studies we are using are.
Sanja Runtić – Marija Knežević SUVREMENA KNJIŽEVNOST AMERIČKIH STAROSJEDILACA
Nakladnik
Za nakladnika ć Urednica ć Recenzenti ć ć Slika na naslovnici Fish Camp at Owyhee Canyon
Warrior's Work and Ben West Gallery
Lektura i korektura + ø̇¸̇"Ł̇ ̇Ø̇ "̌ø̨̇ÆÈŁ̇"æ̈ø̇¸̇"Æ"¸Æ ̇ªº ć Tisak
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SUVREMENA KNJIZEVNOST AMERICKIH STAROSJEDILACA Sanja Runtić – Marija Knežević
Warrior's Work and Ben West Gallery Fish Camp at Owyhee Canyon
CONTEMPORARY NATIVE AMERICAN L ITERATURE Webk, lk O`ql_bo 12, 1492, Clirj_rp ^ka efp pj^ii `obt i^kaba ^q ^ C^of__b^k fpi^ka, klt^a^vp hkltk ^p S^k S^is^alo, qebv pqbmmba fkql dbldo^mef`^iiv ^k rkhkltk ^ka `lk`bmqr^iiv ^ rkfnrb tloia. Teb afp`lsbov lc qe^q tloia t^p pbq lcc _v qeb qb`eklildf`^i fkkls^qflkp lc Rbk^fpp^k`b Erolmb, _rq pl t^p fqp qbuqr^ifw^qflk. Lbqqbop ^ka glrok^i bkqofbp pbkq _v Clirj_rp ^ka efp pr``bpplop ql qebfo olv^i m^qolkp fk qeb vb^op qe^q cliiltba k^oo^qfsfwba qeb kbt tloia qeolrde qeb _ifka bvb lc qeb `lknrbolo, tefib qebfo mofkqba obmolar`qflkp fkfqf^qba pvj_lif` fj^dbov lc Erolmb^k ob`lfi colj qeb ]bVS`. Iq t^p qeb _bdfkkfkd lc ^ `bkqrofbp( ilkd k^oo^qfsb, tef`e, m^o^aluf`^iiv, molar`ba pfibk`b. Clirj_rp kbsbo t^kqba ql hklt tel qebpb k^qfsbp lc qeb Ao^t^h qof_b tbob, qelrde qebv telibeb^oqbaiv tbi`ljba efp p^filop lk qeb `l^pqp lc S^k S^is^alo. Nbsboqebibpp, eb abp`of_ba qebj jfkrqbiv fk efp af^ofbp. Ffcqv vb^op i^qbo, ^cqbo ^qol`flrp Sm^kfpe j^pp^`obp, _orq^i qloqrobp ^ka pi^sbov, qeb Ao^t^h mblmib kl ilkdbo bufpqba. Erolmb^k kbt`ljbop kbsbo dlq ^ `e^k`b ql ib^ok ^_lrq `riqrobp telpb erj^kfqv t^p pr_arba _v qebfo dobba ^ka qebfo tfii ql mltbo. Aiqelrde qebfo tofqfkdp lcqbk _ofj tfqe ^alo^qflk qlt^oap qebfo tloia, qeb bvb lc qeb `lknrbolo-qo^sbibop mbo`bfsba qeb k^qfsbp jbobiv ^p `orab p^s^dbp, tlopefmmbop lc qeb m^d^k m^kqeblk, m^oq lc qeb bulqf` cilo^ ^ka c^rk^, _v kl jb^kp ^p `fsfifwba _bfkdp. Ik efp qbuq GSZOQWo¥ RS ZOa 8]aOa RS McQObi¥ )1566*, clo bu^jmib, qeb Fo^k`fp`^k mofbpq Dfbdl ab L^ka^ dfsbp ^k bue^rpqfsb bqekldo^mef` abp`ofmqflk lc qeb M^v^k Claf`bp›qeb obmlpfqlov lc M^v^k mob-Clirj_f^k efpqlov ^ka qo^afqflk›lkiv ql _rok ^ijlpq ^ii lc qebj fjjbaf^qbiv fk efp jfppflk^ov wb^i ^d^fkpq fali^qov, `^rpfkd a^j^db `ljm^o^_ib ql qeb abpqor`qflk lc qeb Aibu^kaof^k if_o^ov )`c. C^pqfiil, 2011: 5*. Webk fk Nlsbj_bo 1519 Hbokyk Cloq~p ^ka efp mblmib bkqboba Tbkl`eqfqiyk, qeb `^mfq^i lc qeb Awqb` bjmfob, qebv
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clrka qebjpbi sbp fk ^ `fqv _fddbo qe^k ^i i qeb Erolmb^k `^mfq^ip lc qeb qfjb _rq Llkalk. Ik efp k^oo^qfsb IVS I`cS =Wab]`g ]T bVS 8]¥_cSab ]T CSe H^OW¥ )1632* lkb lc qeb `eolkf`ibop lc Cloq~p(p `lknrbpqp, ^ pliafbo k^jba Bbok^i Df^w abi C^pqfiil, obmloqp fk abq^fi ^_lrq qeb fjmobppfsb Awqb` `^mfq^i, Mlkqbwrj^(p pmb`q^`ri^o m^i^`bp, qeb tbii-lod^kfwba ro_^k fkco^pqor`qrob, pbt^db pvpqbj, ^ka pm^`flrp elpmfq^ip, `lkcbppfkd qe^q qeb `lknrfpq^alop tbob ibcq "arj_pqor`h tfqe ^ajfo^qflk" )nqa. fk B^fol`e 62* tebk qebv p^t ^ii lc qe^q: Teb Sm^kf^oap d^tmba ifhb vlhbip ^q qeb tfab pqobbqp, lok^qbiv `^osba _rfiafkdp, ^ka j^ohbqp _ofdeq tfqe dllap colj erkaobap lc jfibp ^t^v. Bl^qp cifqqba ifhb _rqqbocifbp ^olrka qeb qeobb do^ka `^rpbt^vp qe^q ifkhba Tbkl`eqfqiyk ql qeb j^fki^ka. Llkd ^nrbar`qp `lksbvba t^qbo colj qeb afpq^kq jlrkq^fkp ^`olpp qeb i^hb ^ka fkql qeb `fqv. Esbk jlob ^pqlrkafkd qe^k qeb dob^q qbjmibp ^ka fjjbkpb _^kkbop ^ka `lilocri moljbk^abp tbob qeb _lq^kf`^i d^oabkp›klkb bufpqba fk Erolmb. Teb p^jb klsbiqv ^qqbkaba qeb clo`b lc ^ qelrp^ka jbk qe^q hbmq qeb `oltaba pqobbqp fjj^`ri^qb. )Sqobbqp qe^q tbobkfiq ^khib-abbm fk pbt^db! Teb `lknrfpq^alop e^a kbsbo `lk`bfsba lc pr`e ^ qefkd.* )M^kk 140*
Tla^v tb hklt qe^q ^as^k`ba fkafdbklrp `riqrobp qe^q bu`biiba fk j^qebj^qf`p, ^pqolkljv, ^o`efqb`qrob , ^ka ^dof`riqrob bufpqba fk qeb Ajbof`^p ^p ilkd ^dl ^p 1500 BC. Aolrka 1000 BC, ^q qeb qfjb lc j^glo ^o`efqb`qro^i rmprodb fk Edvmq ^ka Mbplmlq^jf^, Zrkf ^ka Hlmf mblmibp lc Nloqe Ajbof`^ tbob _rfiafkd sfii^dbp lc
Nlt^a^vp, qeb `riqro^i afsbopfqv ^ka qeb pfwb lc qeb mob-Clirj_f^k k^qfsb mlmri^qflk `^k lkiv _b pmb`ri^qba lk. V^oflrp evmlqebpbp o^kdb colj 1.15 jfiiflk )Mllkbv* ql pljbtebob _bqtbbk 90 ^ka 112 jfiiflk fke^_fq^kqp, lrq lc tef`e 25.5 jfiiflk ^ob prmmlpba ql e^sb ifsba fk qeb `bkqo^i Mbuf`^k mi^qb^r )Dl_vkp* )`c. Bofkhibv*. Aq qe^q qfjb Sm^fk ^ka Ploqrd^i qldbqebo krj_boba ibpp qe^k qbk
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jfiiflk. Ic Dl_vkp(p `^i`ri^qflk fp `loob`q, tebk Clirj_rp ^oofsba, Ajbof`^ t^p jlob mlmri^qba qe^k Erolmb. Sljb plro`bp `i^fj qe^q ^q qeb qfjb lc qeb cfopq `lkq^`q qeb Ajbof`^k plfi hkbt jlob qe^k 2,000 `riqrobp qe^q pmlhb 1,200 afccbobkq i^kdr^dbp `ljfkd colj 180 i^kdr^db c^jfifbp, _rq qe^q bsbk 95 mbo`bkq lc qebj afp^mmb^oba ^iob^av fk qeb cliiltfkd 130 vb^op )`c. M^kk 103‹4*. Bbpfabp qeb mevpf`^i `lkcif`qp tfqe qb`eklildf`^iiv prmboflo `lknrfpq^alop, qeb afpb^pbp `ljfkd colj qeb Oia Clkqfkbkq pr`e ^p afmeqebof^, qvmerp, fkcirbkw^, jb^pibp, ^ka, qeb jlpq c^q^i lc ^ii, pj^iimlu, obpriqba fk `^q^`ivpjf` abs^pq^qflk lc qeb k^qfsb mblmibp tef`e W. Gblodb Lltbii abp`of_bp ^p "qeb dob^qbpq abpqor`qflk lc ifsbp fk erj^k efpqlov" )nqa. fk M^kk 105*.
A `lj_fk^qflk lc abjldo^mef`, mlifqf`^i, obifdflrp, ^ka b`lkljf` jlqfsbp lc qeb jfdo^qflk clojba ^ pmb`fcf` Akdil-S^ulk `lilkf^i `elobldo^mev. Teb o^mfa doltqe lc qeb j^krc^`qrofkd fkarpqov fk pbsbkqbbkqe-`bkqrov Ekdi^ka bpq^_ifpeba qeb Vfodfkf^ ^ka M^pp^`erpbqqp B^v Cljm^kfbp ^p qeb j^fk abpfdkbop lc qeb kbt ir`o^qfsb `lilkf^i bkqbomofpb. Sljb lc qeb `lilkfpqp `^jb ql Ajbof`^ ql ^slfa qeb elmbibppkbpp lc mlsboqv ^q eljb, pbiifkd qebjpbisbp ^p m^tk-pi^sbp fk bu`e^kdb clo qeb pefm c^ob ql Ajbof`^›`lkpbkqfkd ql fkabkqroba pbosfqrab clo qeb mbofla lc clro ql pbsbk vb^op. Telpb qe^q tbob _bqqbo lcc _b`^jb pe^obeliabop fk qeb glfkq pql`h `ljm^kfbp. Teb kbt `lomlo^qb `lilkf^i jlabi pb`roba fqp ofdeq ql _rpfkbpp sbkqrob qeolrde `e^oqbop fk tef`e Ekdifpe jlk^o`ep
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J^jbp I, Ce^oibp I, ^ka Ce^oibp II _lrkqfcriiv _bpqltba qeb i^ka lc qeb Nloqe Ajbof`^k k^qfsbp ql `lilkf^i `ljm^kfbp, qerp m^vfkd lcc qebfo ltk jlkbq^ov ^ka mlifqf`^i ab_qp. Ybq, lkb lc qeb jlpq mfnr^kq pb^plkfkdp colj qeb Ekdifpe `lilkf^i `rfpfkb t^p lc ^ k^oo^qfsb k^qrob. Teb bufiba buqobjfpq tfkd lc qeb Akdif`^k Cero`e _olrdeq ^ pqlov lc qebjpbisbp ^p ^ `elpbk mblmib ^ka qebfo efpqlof`^i jfppflk fk qeb afsfkb obpqlo^qflk lc qeb tloia. Lfhb qeb lkb _bclob fq, qeb Profq^k `lilkf^i k^oo^qfsb ibdfqfjfwba fqpbic _v aberj^kfwfkd qeb ]bVS`. Sfjfi^oiv ql Sm^kfpe mofbpq Jr^k Gfk~p ab Sbm isba^, tel, fk 1550 arofkd ^ ab_^qb fk V^ii^alifa, ob^plkba ^_lrq qeb fkcboflo `fsfifw^qflk lc qeb Ajbof`^k k^qfsbp, abp`of_fkd qebj ^p "fkcboflo ql qeb Sm^kfpe, grpq ^p `efiaobk ^ob ql ^ariqp, tljbk ql jbk, ^ka, fkabba, lkb j^v bsbk p^v, ^p ^mbp ^ob ql jbk" )nqa. fk Hlufb 568*, Wfiif^j Bo^acloa, qeb pb`lka Pivjlrqe dlsboklo, tolqb fk efp af^ov DT EZg[]cbV EZO¥bObW]¥: "Teb rkmblmiba `lrkqofbp lc Ajbof`^ [^ob¥ abslfa lc ^ii `fsfi fke^_fq^kqp, tebob qebob ^ob lkiv p^s^db ^ka _orqfpe jbk, tef`e o^kdb rm ^ka altk, ifqqib lqebotfpb qe^k qeb tfia _b^pqp lc qeb p^jb" )Bo^acloa 18*. Ik qeb j^kkbo lc qeb Sm^kfpe, qeb Profq^k k^oo^qfsb _b`^jb fablildf`^i _^`hdolrka clo Erolmb^k `ofjbp ^d^fkpq qeb k^qfsb mblmib. Teb jlo^i `lkp`fbk`b lc qeb tloia, tef`e qebv `obafqba qebjpbisbp clo, afa klq hbbm qeb M^vciltbo `lilkfpqp colj fjjbaf^qbiv pq^oqfkd ql mfii^db Ikaf^k sfii^dbp ^ka clla prmmifbp, "_^phbqp cfiiba tfqe `lok, " ^ka ql fkqbomobq qeb fk`fabkq ^p "^ pmb`f^i molsfabk`b lc Gla, ^ka ^ dob^q jbo`v ql qefp mllo mblmib, qe^q ebob qebv dlq pbba ql mi^kq qebj `lok qeb kbuq vb^o" )Bo^acloa 22*. Ik 1637, ^cqbo qeb pi^rdeqbo lc qeb Pbnrlq qof_b ^q Mvpqf`, Clkkb`qf`rq, qeb l``rm^kqp lc M^pp^`erpbqqp B^v bkpi^sba qeb Pbnrlq prosfslop, _b`ljfkd qerp qeb cfopq pi^sb `lilkv. Iolkf`^iiv bklrde, pi^sbov t^p ibd^ifwba tfqe qeb cfopq i^t bsbo m^ppba fk qeb `lilkfbp, bnr^iiv folkf`^iiv qfqiba 7]Rg ]T AWPS`bWSa )1641*, tef`e ^q qeb p^jb qfjb do^kqba fkafsfar^i cobbalj ^ka `fsfi ofdeqp ql qeb Ekdifpe `lilkfpqp. 114 Ik 1651 qeb Profq^kp pbq rm qeb cfopq obpbos^qflkp, qeb pl-`^iiba "mo^vfkd qltkp," ql bkprob `riqro^i ^ka obifdflrp `lksbopflk lc qeb k^qfsbp )`c. Clkcloqf 109*. A vb^o i^qbo, qebv m^ppba qeb cfopq ^iilqjbkq ^`q, tef`e ^iilqqba pj^ii milqp lc c^ojfkd i^ka ql qeb "prccf`fbkqiv `fsfifwba" Ikaf^kp )Ploqbo 48*. Teb obmlpfqflkfkd lc qeb pvj_lif`^i jbq^k^oo^qfsb lc fjmbof^ifpj colj qeb jvqef` ql qeb ibd^i obdfpqbo `lkqfkrba fk qeb vb^op ql cliilt. H^sfkd qofmiba qebfo molmboqv qeolrde qeb sf`qlov lsbo Fo^k`b fk 1763, qefoqbbk Bofqfpe `lilkfbp pq^oqba j^hfkd qob^qfbp tfqe qeb k^qfsbp, kbdlqf^qfkd qeb fkqboflo _loabop lc qeb ^kkbuba 114
Ik 1638, ibpp qe^k bfdeq vb^op ^cqbo qeb pbqqifkd lc qeb M^pp^`erpbqqp B^v Clilkv, qeb cfopq Ajbof`^k pi^sb pefm k^jba Dbpfob bkqboba Blpqlk e^o_lo.
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^`qflk t^p `boqfcfba qeolrde ^ kbt ibd^i k^oo^qfsb›>¥RWO¥ GS[]dOZ 6Qb colj 1830›tef`e ^rqelofwba qeb _orq^i obil`^qflk lc qeb Cebolhbb colj qebfo eljbi^ka fk Gblodf^ fkql qeb _loabop lc qla^v(p Ohi^elj^. Ok qe^q I`OWZ ]T ISO`a, ^p qeb qeobb-^ka-^-e^ic qelrp^ka hfiljbqbo ilkd j^o`e fk qeb tfkqbo lc 1838 t^p i^qbo k^jba, lkb clroqe lc qeb Cebolhbb qof_b ilpq qebfo ifsbp )`c. Ploqbo 51* arb ql bue^rpqflk, `lia, erkdbo, ^ka fiikbpp. Lfhb qeb Cef`h^p^t, Cobbh, Cel`q^t, ^ka Sbjfklib, tel jbq ^ pfjfi^o c^qb, qeb Cebolhbb k^qflk t^p ^ppfjfi^qba fkql qeb aljfk^kq pl`fbqv _v ^ii qeb pq^ka^oap lc Wbpqbok `fsfifw^qflk. Tebv ^``bmqba Erolmb^k `riqro^i jlabip ^ka fkpqfqrqflkp›qebv ifsba fk jlabok elrpbp, afa eloqf`riqrob ^ka o^fpba `^qqib, bpq^_ifpeba qebfo ibdfpi^qfsb, ^ajfkfpqo^qfsb, ^ka graf`f^i ^rqelofqfbp, `ob^qba qebfo ^ime^_bq fk tef`e qebv mr_ifpeba qeb cfopq k^qfsb kbtpm^mbo IVS 8VS`]YSS EV]S¥Wf, tefib pljb bsbk ltkba pi^sbp )`c. "To^fi lc Tb^op"*. Ybq, qeb fjmbof^i pqlov pqfii _o^kaba qebj ^p ]bVS`a. Teb U.S. sf`qlov fk qeb t^o tfqe Mbuf`l fk 1848 obpriqba fk qeb ^kkbu^qflk lc jlob k^qfsb qboofqlofbp fk qeb Ajbof`^k Wbpq. Ik qeb ab`^abp qe^q cliiltba qeb k^oo^qfsb aberj^kfwfkd lc qeb k^qfsb mblmibp _ilppljba cba _v qeb kbt k^qflk^i jvqe lc BO¥WTSab 9SabW¥g ^ka qeb qobkav qeblofbp lc mlivdbkbpfp ^ka pl`f^i D^otfkfpj. Okb lc qeb molmlkbkqp lc mlivdbkbpfp, mevpf`f^k Ce^oibp C^iatbii, j^fkq^fkba qe^q lkiv tebk "qeb _rcc^il ^ka qeb m^kqebo pe^ii e^sb _bbk `ljmibqbiv aljbpqf`^qba . . . qebk, ^ka klq _bclob, j^v tb bumb`q ql pbb qeb crii_illaba Ikaf^k `fsfifwba, ifhb qeb tefqb j^k," ^ka qe^q qeb lkiv "bccf`fbkq p`ebjb ql `fsfifwb qeb Ikaf^kp fp ql `olpp qeb _obba" )nqa. fk Hlopj^k 118*. Ik efp tloh 8`O¥WO 6[S`WQO¥O )1839*, ^ obkltkba Blpqlk `o^kflildfpq S^jrbi Mloqlk `i^fjba qe^q Ajbof`^k k^qfsbp tbob klq lkiv jlo^iiv ^ka fkqbiib`qr^iiv fkcboflo ql qeb C^r`^pf^k o^`b, ^p fiirpqo^qba _v qeb "abcf`fbk`v" lc `boq^fk m^oqp lc qebfo _o^fkp, _rq qe^q qebv ^ipl _bilkdba ql ^k rqqboiv afccbobkq pmb`fbp )`c. Hlopj^k 125‹31*. Teb p`fbkqfcf` pqlov _b`^jb qerp ^ kbt `lilkf^i ^mlildv clo bqekl`fab ^ka, tfqe fqp fab^p ^_lrq o^`f^i efbo^o`ev ^ka qeb prosfs^i lc qeb cfqqbpq, bsbk bumi^fkba fq ^p ^ `fsfifwfkd ^`q. Plifqf`^i j^kfcbpq^qflk lc qebpb fab^p fp `ib^oiv obcib`qba fk qeb mbofla _bqtbbk qeb 1860p ^ka qeb 1890p, ^ipl hkltk ^p qeb qfjb lc qeb Ikaf^k W^op. Teb riqfj^qb bum^kpflk lc qeb U.S. qlt^oap qeb P^`fcf` ^cqbo qeb Cfsfi W^o, prmmloqba _v fkqbobpqp lc _fd `ljm^kfbp ^ka qeb afp`lsbov lc dlia fk qeb
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Ajbof`^k Wbpq, obpriqba fk qeb afpmlppbppflk lc lsbo qefoqv klj^af` qof_bp colj qeb Pi^fkp. Ailkd tfqe qeb lod^kfwba abpqor`qflk lc qeb _rcc^il, qefp mbofla t^p ^ipl `e^o^`qbofwba _v ^ dolqbpnrb jfuqrob lc kbdlqf^qflkp ^ka lmbk t^oc^ob, clo`ba afpil`^qflkp ^ka j^pp^`obp lc qeb k^qfsbp, ^``ljm^kfba tfqe krjbolrp ibd^ifwba clojp lc qo^kpcboofkd qof_^i i^kap fkql klk-k^qfsb ltkbopefm.
Iq t^p ^k bar`^qflk^i pvpqbj `e^o^`qbofwba _v qeb ^_ar`qflk lc `efiaobk colj qebfo c^jfifbp, qebfo sflibkq fkal`qofk^qflk tfqe Erol-Ajbof`^k s^irbp, bo^af`^qflk lc qof_^i i^kdr^dbp ^ka fabkqfqfbp, ^p tbii ^p _v mevpf`^i, mpv`elildf`^i, ^ka ob`roofkd pbur^i jfpqob^qjbkq tef`e cobnrbkqiv iba ql prf`fab ^jlkd k^qfsb `efiaobk. A``loafkd ql ^k bpqfj^qb lc qeb Appl`f^qflk lc Ajbof`^k Ikaf^k Acc^fop, ^m^oq colj qeb 25‹30 mbo`bkq lc k^qfsb vlrqe tel tbob mi^`ba fk klk-Ikaf^k `rpqlav, ^klqebo 25 mbo`bkq j^ab ^ m^oq lc qeb bar`^qflk^i ^ppfjfi^qflk moldo^j fk qeb mbofla _bqtbbk 1875 ^ka 1974 )nqa. fk J^fjbp ^ka H^ipbv 312*.
Hltbsbo, fk qeb qtbkqfbqe-`bkqrov qrok colj qeb mlif`v lc ibd^i ^ka jfifq^ov brqe^k^pf^ qlt^oap qeb ^ppfjfi^qlov jfppflk lc buqbojfk^qflk lc Ikaf^kkbpp, qeb k^oo^qfsb lc pfibk`b ^_lrq qeb ]bVS`, tfqe tef`e tb e^sb pq^oqba qefp pqlov, pqfii ifkdboba lk. Teb nrlqb colj ^ efpqlov qbuq_llh ^qqbpqp ql qefp: Tl _b prob, qeb Ikaf^kp `lkqof_rqba pljbqefkd, _rq promofpfkdiv ifqqib, ql Ajbof`^k efpqlov. . . . Ikaf^k `lkqof_rqflkp ql Ajbof`^k 115
A``loafkd ql qeb 2010 Cbkprp, ro_^k af^pmlo^ `ljmofpbp 67 mbo`bkq lc qeb 2.9 jfiiflk N^qfsb mblmib ifsfkd fk qeb U.S. qla^v )Ukfqba Sq^qbp Cbkprp Brob^r 4, 13*.
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Ybq, abpmfqb qeb `bkqrofbp-ilkd cf`qflk^ifw^qflk lc N^qfsb ^_pbk`b, telpb j^pp-jbaf^ afppbjfk^qflk pqfii `^oofbp lk, qeb ^rqebkqf` k^qfsb pqlov e^p obpfpqba abpqor`qflk. Iqp lo^i qo^afqflk, ^p lia ^p qeb `lkqfkbkq fqpbic, fp qeb jkbjlkf` obmlpfqlov lc qeb m^pq, qeb `riqrob, ^ka qeb `lpjlildv lc qeb cfopq fke^_fq^kqp lc qeb Ajbof`^p. Aiqelrde kbsbo tofqqbk altk, lo j^v_b mob`fpbiv _b`^rpb lc qe^q, Ikaf^k "p^`oba efpqlofbp" e^sb p^sba qeb `lk`bmqr^i p`lmb fksfpf_ib ql qeb `lilkfwbo(p bvb. Ybq, qeb bjmfof`^i j^qofu lc Ikaf^k `riqrobp fp ^ipl mobpbosba fk tofqfkd. Iqp qo^afqflk `ljmofpbp qtl af^`eolkf` telibp telpb _bdfkkfkdp ^ob j^ohba _v qeb tloh lc S^jplk O``lj "A Seloq N^oo^qfsb lc Mv Lfcb" )1768* ^ka N. S`lqq Mlj^a^v(p klsbi =]caS BORS ]T 9Oe¥ )1968*. Webob^p qeb cfopq telib fk`irabp j^fkiv klk-cf`qflk^i tlohp, cobnrbkqiv `l-^rqeloba _v ^ k^qfsb ^rqelo/ fkcloj^kq ^ka ^ klk-k^qfsb ob`loabo-bafqlo, qeb pb`lka pfdkfcf`^kqiv jlob ^jmib rkfq lc k^qfsb qbuqp, tef`e fp qeb mofj^ov pr_gb`q lc qefp pqrav, _b`^jb qeb hbv pbdjbkq fk qeb obsfq^ifw^qflk lc qeb k^qfsb `riqrobp ^ka qebfo qo^afqflkp. Tebpb kbt "pqlofbp lc ^k Ikaf^k mobpbk`b," ^p Vfwbklo `^iip qebj )Vfwbklo ^ka Lbb 165*, ^ob m^o^afdj^qf` _^qqibcfbiap lc jbkq^i ab`lilkfw^qflk lc Ajbof`^k fkafdbklrp mblmib qe^q `rq qeb fjmbof^i ollqp ^q qebfo abbmbpq›fk qeb k^oo^qfsb. Lfhb lo^i qo^afqflk, qebpb qbuqp m^pp lk qeb lkqlildf`^i `lob lc k^qfsb _bfkd, dolrkaba fk qeb fkqboqtfkbjbkq lc qeb j^qbof^i ^ka qeb pmfofqr^i tloiap, qeb crka^jbkq^i `ob^qfsb ^ka qo^kpcloj^qfsb mltbo lc qelrdeq ^ka tloa, ^ sfq^i `lkkb`qflk lc mblmib ^ka mi^`b, ^ka qeb hfkpefm lc ^ii qeb ^kfj^qb ^ka fk^kfj^qb clojp qe^q kbbap ql _b j^fkq^fkba qeolrde `bobjlkfbp ^ka _v l_pbosfkd qeb s^irbp lc `ljjrkfqv, pvjm^qev, hfkakbpp, erj_ibkbpp, dbkbolpfqv, ^iqorfpj, mb^`bcrikbpp, qlibo^k`b, ^ka obpmb`q, qerp pb`rofkd ^k fkafsfar^i(p _^i^k`ba ^ifdkjbkq tfqe ob^ifqv. Bb`^rpb lc qeb doltfkd ^ka ebqboldbklrp p`lmb lc `lkqbjmlo^ov N^qfsb ifqbo^ov `lomrp, qefp _llh albp klq fkqbka ql _b fqp `ljmobebkpfsb prosbv. Ikpqb^a, fq q^hbp fkql ^``lrkq pbsbo^i obmobpbkq^qfsb qbuqp›Lbpifb M^ojlk Sfihl(p klsbip 8S`S[]¥g )1977* ^ka Hb]`gbSZZS` )1981*, qeb klsbip A]dS BSRWQW¥S )1984* ^ka I`OQYa )1988* _v Llrfpb Eoaof`e, ^p tbii ^p BSRWQW¥S GWdS` )1989* ^ka ¥RWO¥ AWbS`Obc`Sa 4.1 )1992*: 28‹48. Pofkq. Afkptloqe, Lfka^. HbcRWSa W¥ 6[S`WQO¥ >¥RWO¥ AWbS`Obc`Sa. Ea. K^oi Kolb_bo 9.1 )1985*: 25‹29. Pofkq. "Ai`^qo^w fp Nlq ^k Ipi^ka." E7H. Wb_. 30 Jrkb 2013 . "Ai`^qo^w Pol`i^j^qflk ^ka Lbqqbo." 1969. =Wab]`g >a O LSO^]¥. Wb_. 1 Jriv 2013 . Aiabk, P^qof`f^. H]QWOZ B]PWZWbg W¥ bVS :¥UZWaV 7WZRc¥Ua`][O¥4 ¥RWO¥ L][S¥ ISZZW¥U IVSW` AWdSa. Lfk`lik/Llkalk: U lc Nb_o^ph^ P, 1984. Pofkq. ---, ba. CObWdS 6[S`WQO¥ AWbS`O`g GS^`SaS¥bObW]¥a4 ;W`ab :¥Q]c¥bS`a' 9Wab]`bSR >[OUSa' O¥R AWbS`O`g 6^^`]^`WObW]¥a. Lfk`lik/Llkalk: U lc Nb_o^ph^ P, 2001.Pofkq. B^raofii^oa, Jb^k. HW[cZObW]¥a. To^kp. P^ri Flpp bq ^i. Nbt Yloh: Sbjflqbuq)b*, 1983. Pofkq. ---. "Svj_lif` Eu`e^kdb ^ka Db^qe." AWbS`O`g IVS]`g4 6¥ 6¥bV]Z]Ug. Ea. Jrifb Rfshfk ^ka Mf`e^bi Rv^k. Clokt^ii: Bi^`htbii, 1998: 480‹508. Pofkq. B^rbo, D^ib M. "Gbkabo fk B^heqfk(p C^okfs^i )1988*." ;S[W¥Wa[a. 1991. Ea. Rl_vk R. W^oeli ^ka Df^kb Pof`b Hbokai. Nbt Borkptf`h: Rrqdbop UP, 1993. 671‹90. Pofkq. B^rbohbjmbo, Jlpbme. "N^oo^qfkd N^qflkella: Ikaf^k Tfjb ^ka Iablildfbp lc Poldobpp." HbcRWSa W¥ 6[S`WQO¥ >¥RWO¥ AWbS`Obc`Sa 19.4 )2007*: 27‹54. Pofkq. B^vj, Nfk^. "Teb Rfpb lc qeb Wlj^k Arqelo." 8]Zc[PWO AWbS`O`g =Wab]`g ]T bVS J¥WbSR HbObSa) Ea. Eslov Eiiflqq, M^oqe^ B^kq^ bq ^i. Nbt Yloh/Grfiacloa: Clirj_f^ UP, 1988. 289‹305. Pofkq. "Teb Bbkbcfqp lc Ikaf^k G^jfkd." I`WPOZ ASORS`a G]c¥RbOPZS. PDF Dl`rjbkq. Wb_. 15 Ard. 2013 . Bbo`lsfq`e, S^`s^k. IVS 6[S`WQO¥ ?S`S[WOR. M^afplk: U lc Wfp`lkpfk P, 1978. Pofkq. ---, ba. IVS 8O[P`WRUS =Wab]`g ]T 6[S`WQO¥ AWbS`Obc`S) Vli. 7. C^j_ofadb: C^j_ofadb UP, 1999. Pofkq. Bbodbo, Telj^p R. 6 A]¥U O¥R IS``WPZS HVOR]e4 LVWbS KOZcSa' CObWdS GWUVba W¥ bVS 6[S`WQOa ,.3-z,33-. Sb^qqib: U lc W^pefkdqlk P, 1991. Pofkq. Bbokbo, Rl_boq L. 9STW¥W¥U 6[S`WQO¥ >¥RWO¥ AWbS`Obc`S4 6 CObW]¥ 9WdWaWPZS. L^jmbqbo: Teb Eatfk Mbiibk P, 1999. Pofkq. Bbsfp, Wfiif^j. "N^qfsb Ajbof`^k Nlsbip: Hljfkd Ik." GSQ]dS`W¥U bVS L]`R4 :aaOga ]¥ CObWdS 6[S`WQO¥ AWbS`Obc`S) Ea. Bof^k St^kk ^ka Aoklia Korm^q. Bbohbibv: U lc C^ifclokf^ P, 1987. 580‹620. Pofkq. Be^_e^, Hljf K. "Criqro^i Dfsbopfqv ^ka Criqro^i Dfccbobk`bp." IVS E]abz8]Z]¥WOZ HbcRWSa GSORS`. Ea. Bfii Ape`olcq, G^obqe Gofccfqep ^ka Hbibk Tfccfk. Llkalk/Nbt Yloh: Rlrqibadb, 1995^. 206‹13. Pofkq. ---. "Criqrob(p Ik‹Bbqtbbk." FcSabW]¥a ]T 8cZbc`OZ >RS¥bWbg. Ea. Sqr^oq H^ii ^ka P^ri Dr G^v. 1996. Llkalk: S^db Pr_if`^qflkp, 2000. 53‹61. Pofkq. ---. "DfppbjfN^qflk." CObW]¥ O¥R CO``ObW]¥. 1990. Ea. Hljf K. Be^_e^. Llkalk/Nbt Yloh: Rlrqibadb, 2002^. 291‹322. Pofkq. ---. IVS A]QObW]¥ ]T Criqrob. 1994. Llkalk/Nbt Yloh: Rlrqibadb, 2002^. Pofkq.
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$*4*2"/" -*4&2"452" ---. "Sfdkp T^hbk clo Wlkabop: Qrbpqflkp lc Aj_fs^ibk`b ^ka Arqelofqv rkabo ^ Tobb Orqpfab Dbief, M^v 1817." IVS E]abz8]Z]¥WOZ HbcRWSa GSORS`) Ea. Bfii Ape`olcq, G^obqe Gofccfqep ^ka Hbibk Tfccfk. Llkalk/Nbt Yloh: Rlrqibadb, 1995^. Pofkq. 29‹36. Bfoa, Gilof^. "Sb^o`efkd clo Esfabk`b lc Clilkf^ifpj ^q Wloh: A Rb^afkd lc Llrfpb Eoaof`e(p (To^`hp.(" IVS LWQOh] HO GSdWSe 8.2 )1992*: 40‹47. Pofkq. Bfqf, Vi^afjfo. "Nfbqwp`eb, B^eqfk f (pi^_^ jfp^l(." 7OVbW¥ W R`cUW. Ea. Vi^afjfo Bfqf. Z^dob_: N^hi^a^ MD, 1992. 189‹223# Pofkq. ---. E]X[]d¥WY acd`S[S¥S Y¥XWySd¥S bS]`WXS. Z^dob_: M^qf`^ eos^qph^, 1997. Pofkq. Bi^bpbo, Kfj_boiv. ¥RWO¥ AWbS`Obc`Sa) Ea. Gbo^ia Vfwbklo. Nloj^k/Llkalk: U lc Ohi^elj^ P, 1992. 39‹54. Pofkq. Bi^fo, Eifw^_bqe. "Tbuq ^p Tof`hpqbo: Plpqjlabok L^kdr^db G^jbp fk Gbo^ia Vfwbklo(p Bb^oeb^oq." B:AJH 20.4 )1995*: 75‹90. Pofkq. Bllkb, Jlpbme A. "M^ib Ikabmbkabk`b ^ka qeb Ajbof`^k Qrbpq Gbkob: Hfaabk Sbur^i Plifqf`p fk qeb Aii‹M^ib Wloiap lc Mbisfiib, Tt^fk ^ka Llkalk )1986*." ;S[W¥Wa[a. 1991. Ea. Rl_vk R. W^oeli ^ka Df^kb Pof`b Hbokai. Nbt Borkptf`h: Rrqdbop UP, 1993. 961‹88. Pofkq. Bltbop, Se^olk M^kv_b^ap. "Llrfpb Eoaof`e ^p N^k^mrpe." CSe ES`a^SQbWdSa ]¥ L][S¥ O¥R 8][SRg. Ea. Rbdfk^ B^oob`^. Pefi^abimef^: Gloalk ^ka Bob^`e, 1992. 135‹43. Pofkq. Blvkb, Rlv, ^ka Aif R^qq^kpf. E]ab[]RS`¥Wa[ O¥R H]QWSbg. Llkalk: M^`jfii^k, 1990. Pofkq. Bo^a_rov, M^i`lij. IVS B]RS`¥ 6[S`WQO¥ C]dSZ. Nbt Yloh: Vfhfkd, 1993. Pofkq. Bo^acloa, Wfiif^j. "Oc Pivjlrqe Pi^kq^qflk." BOYS`a O¥R bVS BOYW¥U. Ea. Cib^kqe Bollhp, R.W.B. Lbtfp ^ka Rl_boq Pbkk W^oobk. Nbt Yloh: Sq. M^oqfk(p P, 1973. 16‹24. Pofkq. Bobej, Vf`qlof^. "Teb Mbq^jlomelpbp lc ^k Ogf_t^ M^kfal." 6[S`WQO¥ AWbS`Obc`S 68.4 )1996*: 677‹706. Pofkq. Bobkk^k, Tfjlqev. "Teb N^qflk^i Llkdfkd clo Floj." CObW]¥ O¥R CO``ObW]¥. Ea. Hljf K. Be^_e^. 1990. Llkalk/Nbt Yloh: Rlrqibadb, 2002. 44‹71. Pofkq. Bofdeq, Wfiif^j. "Teb N^qro^i Hfpqlov lc Oia M^k Clvlqb." GSQ]dS`W¥U bVS L]`R4 :aaOga ]¥ CObWdS 6[S`WQO¥ AWbS`Obc`S) Ea. Bof^k St^kk ^ka Aoklia Korm^q. Bbohbibv/Llkalk: U lc C^ifclokf^ P, 1987. 339‹88. Pofkq. Bofkhibv, Ai^k. "Teb Mbbqfkd lc Criqrobp: Webob Hfpqlof^kp Dfp^dobb ‹ Teb Ajbof`^k Plmri^qflk Bbclob Clirj_rp." IVS J¥TW¥WaVSR CObW]¥4 6 8]¥QWaS =Wab]`g ]T bVS 6[S`WQO¥ ES]^ZS. 6qe ba. Nbt Yloh: M`Go^t‹Hfii, 2010. Wb_. 27 Jriv 2013 . Bolawhf, Bbii^, ^ka Cbibpqb S`ebk`h, bap. AWTS*AW¥Sa4 IVS]`WhW¥U L][S¥$a 6cb]PW]U`O^Vg. Iqe^`^/Nbt Yloh/Llkalk: Clokbii UP, 1988. Pofkq.
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$*4*2"/" -*4&2"452" Ce^jm^dkb, Dr^kb. "A Mriqfafjbkpflk^i Teblov lc Clilkf^ifpj: Teb N^qfsb Nloqe Ajbof`^k Eumbofbk`b." ?]c`¥OZ ]T 6[S`WQO¥ HbcRWSa ]T Ic`YSg 3 )1996*: 3‹14. E`]XSQb BJH:) Wb_) 3 M^o. 2005. Ce^pb, Rf`e^oa. IVS 6[S`WQO¥ C]dSZ O¥R >ba I`ORWbW]¥. 1957. Nbt Yloh: Gloaf^k P, 1978. Pofkq. Ce^shfk, Aii^k. "Vfpflk ^ka Rbsfpflk fk Llrfpb Eoaof`e(p A]dS BSRWQW¥S)" IVS 8VW^^SeO AO¥RaQO^S ]T A]cWaS :`R`WQV. Ea. Aii^k Rf`e^oa Ce^shfk. Trp`^illp^I/Llkalk: Teb U lc Ai^_^j^ P, 1999. 84‹117. Pofkq. "Cefbc
Sb^qqib(p 1854 Oo^qflk ‹ Vbopflk 1." Wb_. 25 M^v ¥RWO¥a. S^k Fo^k`fp`l: Cfqv Lfdeqp Bllhp, 1998. Pofkq. Ci^oh Sjfqe, P^qof`f^, ^ka P^ri^ Grkk Aiibk. "E^oqeiv Rbi^qflkp, C^ok^i Kkltibadb: Slrqetbpqbok Ajbof`^k Ikaf^k Wljbk Wofqbop ^ka L^kap`^mb." IVS 9SaS`b Wa C] AORg4 H]cbVeSabS`¥ AO¥RaQO^Sa W¥ L][S¥$a L`WbW¥U O¥R 6`b. Ea. Vbo^ Nlotlla ^ka J^kf`b Mlkh. Nbt H^sbk: Y^ib UP, 1987. 174‹96. Pofkq. Cifcqlk, J^jbp A. IVS >¥dS¥bSR >¥RWO¥4 8cZbc`OZ ;WQbW]¥a O¥R ¥RWO¥ :gSa4 IVS J¥b]ZR Hb]`g ]T CObWdS 6[S`WQO¥ ES]^ZSa. Pib^p^kqsfiib/Nbt Yloh/Mlkqob^i: Teb Rb^abo(p Dfdbpq Appl`f^qflk fk`., 1995. Pofkq. Cliqbiif, L^ro^. LW¥USR L]`Ra4 6[S`WQO¥ >¥RWO¥ L`WbS`a H^SOY. Lfk`lik: U lc Nb_o^ph^ P, 1990. Pofkq. Cliqbiif, Llrfpb. "Llrfpb Eoaof`e ^ka Mf`e^bi Dloofp." Rmq. 8]¥dS`aObW]¥a eWbV A]cWaS :`R`WQV O¥R BWQVOSZ 9]``Wa. Ea. Aii^k Ce^shfk ^ka N^k`v Fobvi Ce^shfk. J^`hplk: UP lc Mfppfppfmmf, 1994. 19‹29. Pofkq. Clkcloqf, Jlpbme A. HOW¥ba O¥R Hb`O¥US`a4 CSe :¥UZO¥R W¥ 7`WbWaV C]`bV 6[S`WQO. B^iqfjlob: Jlekp Hlmhfkp UP, 2006. Pofkq. Cllh‹Lvkk, Eifw^_bqe. "Wel Gbqp ql Tbii qeb Sqlofbp?" LWQOh] HO GSdWSe 9.1 )1993*: 60‹64. Pofkq. ---. "Ylr M^v Clkpfabo Smb^hfkd A_lrq Ylro Aoq . . . . " > ISZZ M]c C]e4 6cb]PW]U`O^VWQOZ :aaOga Pg CObWdS 6[S`WQO¥ L`WbS`a. Ea. Bof^k St^kk ^ka Aoklia Korm^q. Lfk`lik: U lc Nb_o^ph^ P, 1987. 55‹63. Pofkq. Clo_bqq, Bbk. "L^pq C^ii lk Pfkb Rfadb." 1999. Wb_. 10 Jrkb .
2008
Clokbii, Gblodb L. "N^qfsb Ajbof`^k Pbo`bmqflkp lc qeb Eksfolkjbkq." 7c`WSR G]]ba O¥R >¥RSab`cQbWPZS HSSRa4 IVS Hc`dWdOZ ]T 6[S`WQO¥ >¥RWO¥ AWTS W¥ Hb]`g' =Wab]`g O¥R H^W`Wb. Ea. M^oh A. Lfkanrfpq ^ka M^oqfk Z^kdbo. M^afplk: U lc Wfp`lkpfk P, 1993. 21‹46. Pofkq. Clrpbo, Telj^p G. "Ommobppflk ^ka Rbmobppflk: Pboplk^i ^ka Cliib`qfsb Mbjlov fk P^ri M^ope^ii(p E`OWaSa]¥U T]` bVS LWR]e ^ka Lbpifb M^ojlk Sfihl(p 8S`S[]¥g." BS[]`g O¥R 8cZbc`OZ E]ZWbWQa4 CSe 6^^`]OQVSa b] 6[S`WQO¥ :bV¥WQ AWbS`Obc`Sa) Ea. Ajofqgfq
202
$*4*2"/" -*4&2"452" Sfkde, Jlpbme T. Seboobqq ^ka Rl_boq E. Hld^k. Blpqlk: Nloqeb^pqbok UP, 1996. 106‹20. Pofkq. Clu, J^v. "D^kdbolrp Dbcfkfqflkp: Fbj^ib Tof`hpqbop fk Clkqbjmlo^ov N^qfsb Ajbof`^k Lfqbo^qrob." LWQOh] H6 GSdWSe 5.2 )1989*: 17‹21. Pofkq. Colklk, Wfiif^j. 8VO¥USa W¥ bVS AO¥R4 >¥RWO¥a' 8]Z]¥Waba' O¥R bVS :Q]Z]Ug ]T CSe :¥UZO¥R. Nbt Yloh: Hfii ^ka W^kd, 1983. Pofkq. Criirj, Lfka^. "Srosfs^i(p Slkd: Bbqe Bo^kq ^ka qeb Pltbo lc qeb Wloa." B:AJH 24.3 )1999*: 129‹40) E`]XSQb BJH:) Wb_. 13 M^o. 2005. Crjjfkdp, Dbkfpb K. "(Sbqqifkd( Hfpqlov: Ukabopq^kafkd Lbpifb M^ojlk Sfihl(p 8S`S[]¥g, Hb]`gbSZZS`, 6Z[O¥OQ ]T IVS 9SOR, ^ka ¥RWO¥ B]dS[S¥b, AIM*, 169, 173‹75, 177, 181 Afkptloqe, Lfka^, 125, 197 ^hqfsfw^j w^gbakf¤qs^, 194 Ai`^qo^w, 171‹72, 175, 178, 181, 197, 202 Aiabk, P^qof`f^, 20, 197 Aibufb, Seboj^k, 3, 4, 197 Aicoba, T^f^f^hb, u, 189‹92, 197, 220 OZWXS¥OQWXO, sfff, 20‹21, 26, 29, 32, 36, 39, 40‹41, 43 Aiibk, P^ri^ Grkk, sfff, 2, 22‹24, 29‹30, 32, 35‹36, 40‹41, 47, 74, 106‹7, 132‹33, 197‹98, 202, 215 Akaboplk, M^odb, 135‹36 Akfpefk^^_b, Akfpefk^_bd, 74‹75, 79, 81, 87, 94, 122, 134, 170, 206, 217, 220 ^kqffjmbofg^ikf, 12, 144 ^kqfhlilkfg^ikf, fu, 8, 11, 46, 119, 138 Akw^ia ^, Gilof^, 50, 97, 198 Am^¤f )Am^`eb*, 64, 175 Ammf^e, Kt^jb Akqelkv, 6, 11, 198 ^molmofg^`fg^, 154 Ao^t^h, f Ape`olcq, Bfii, 7, 35, 39, 87, 101 ^pl`fg^`fgphl mfpjl, 144
^rql_fldo^cfg^, 46, 48, 50, 60, 65
# B^_`l`h, B^o_^o^, 103, 109, 117, 121‹23, 137, 198 B^eqfk, Mfe^fi, sfff, fu, 12, 25, 27‹28, 48, 70‹71, 89, 98‹101, 105, 111‹112, 118, 130‹32, 136, 198, 200‹1, 207, 211, 213‹ 14 B^hbo, Srw^kkb, 91, 198 B^iifkdbo, Fo^k`elq, 103‹4, 109, 117, 119, 198 B^khp, Dbkkfp, 170, 175 B^o^h, Jrifb, 105, 109‹10, 198 B^oov, Nlo^ B^hbo, 108, 199 B^q^fiib, Gobq`ebk, sff, 46, 48‹49, 88‹89, 127, 199, 212‹13, 216 B^raofii^oa, Jb^k, 127, 140, 199 B^rbo, D^ib M., 112‹13, 199, 213 B^vj, Nfk^, 45, 199 Bbo`lsfq`e, S^`s^k, 38, 47, 70, 113, 122, 199 PS`ROQVS, 109-10 Bbodbo, Telj^p R., 49, 77, 199 Bbokbo, Rl_boq L., 2, 4, 70, 199 Bboqelic, Rl_boq, 40 Bbsfp, Wfiif^j, 2, 42, 81, 199 Be^_e^, Hljf, 95‹97, 111, 116, 124, 130, 132‹34, 199‹200 7WZRc¥Ua`][O¥, 19, 47, 197 Bfoa, Gilof^, 7, 200
,"8"-0 *.&/" * 10+.06" Bfqf, Vi^afjfo, 19, 113, 119, 200‹1 _fwlk, s, 59, 75‹76, 84, 101, 135 Bi^`h Eih, 33, 73, 213 Bi^`hcllq, 149‹50, 155‹56, 159 Bi^bpbo, Kfj_boiv, 13, 107, 143, 183, 200 Bloaboi^kap/L^ Folkqbo^ Teb Nbt Mbpqfw^ )1987.*, 50, 198, 201, 220 Blvkb, Rlv, 120, 200 Bo^a_rov, M^i`lij, 45, 200 Bo^acloa, Wfiif^j, fs Bobej, Vf`qlof^, 110, 200 Bobkk^k, Tfjlqev, 46, 200 P`WQ]ZOUS/P`WQ]ZSc`, 50, 119 Bolawhf, Bbii^, 49, 200, 211 Bollhp, Lfp^, 188, 201 Boltav ab Hbok^kabw, Jbkkfcbo, 38, 45‹ 48, 201 Boltk, Ai^kk^ K^qeibbk, 28, 201, 215 Boltk, Dbb, 175, 201 Bor`e^`, Jlpbme, 3 Borj_ib, D^sfa, 46, 201 Bovalk, D^k^, 68, 201 7c`g Bg =SO`b Ob L]c¥RSR @¥SS, 175, 201
$ C^iatbii, Ce^oibp, s C^oolii, D^sfa, 118, 126, 201 C^pqfiil, Srp^k Pbobw, f, 35‹36, 68, 201 `bobjlkfg^, sfff, 2, 15‹17, 23, 27, 30, 33‹36, 38, 40, 42‹43, 75, 102, 183, 190 8S`S[]¥WXO %8S`S[]¥g*, sff, sfff, 21‹45, 55‹56, 64‹65, 87, 96, 101, 139‹40, 145, 149‹50 Ce^^q Sjfqe, P^ri, sf, 170‹75, 177, 201 Ce^jm^dkb, Dr^kb, 6, 79, 87, 202 Ce^oibp I., fff Ce^oibp II., fff Ce^pb, Rf`e^oa, 19, 41, 202 Ce^sfp, Bbk, sff‹sfff, 14, 207 Ce^shfk, Aii^k, 67, 202, 212, 221 Cef`h^p^t, s, 22 Cefbc J. Aii^k, 135 Cefbc Jlpbme, 129
228
Cefmmbt^, 13, 73‹74, 77, 80, 87, 92, 99, 106‹8, 117, 133, 135, 137, 201‹2, 212, 219, 220 Cel`q^t, s Cero`efii, W^oa, 8, 127, 202 Ci^oh Sjfqe, P^qof`f^, 21, 30, 202, 222 Cifcqlk, J^jbp A., 22, 202 Cl^qi^ilmbre, 97 Cl__p, Jlek L., 75, 109, 135, 202 Clbro a(Aibkb, 3, 135 Cliqbiif, L^ro^, 29, 124, 202 Cllh-Lvkk, Eifw^_bqe, u, 143, 171, 193 Clokbii, Gblodb L., 88, 201‹2, 211 Clqqlk M^qebo, 88 Clrpbo, Telj^p, 69, 203 Clu, J^v, 110, 113, 203 Co^wv Hlopb, 33, 129, 171, 186, 218 Cobbh, s, 5, 14 Colklk, Wfiif^j, 34, 76, 203 Criirj, Lfka^, 38, 203 Crjjfkdp, Dbkfpb K., 47, 203 Crpqbo, Gblodb Aojpqolkd, 73, 126, 162, 174 8cabS` XS c[`] hO bd]XS U`WXSVS4 W¥RWXO¥aYW [O¥WTSab )8cabS` 9WSR T]` M]c` HW¥a4 O¥ >¥RWO¥ BO¥WTSab]*, fu, 107, 168, 201 Crq`efkp, Dbkkfp, 131, 203
ť ¡bgbkf )Cebvbkkb*, 35, 73, 173 ¡bolhf )Cebolhbb*, s, 5, 14, 16, 82, 136, 148, 154 ¡bqsoqf psfgbq, 22, 27 ¡fh^kl )Cef`^kl*, 69, 97, 201, 215 ¡lsgbh Bfwlk, 59 ¡lsgbh J^w^s^`, 66 ¡lsgbh Srk`b, 31 ¡lsgbh Vgbq^o, 59
% D^kfbiplk, Lfka^, 53, 60, 203 D^kwfdbo, Eat^oa Jbccboplk Jo., 77, 81, 203
,"8"-0 *.&/" * 10+.06" D^tbpls w^hlk, 79 Db R^jfobw, Srp^k Bboov Bofii, 62, 203 Db^o_lok, M^ov V., 37, 203 Dbhi^o^`fg^ l mo^sfj^ pq^olpgbafi^£hfe k^ola^, 178 abhlilkfw^`fg^, sff, u, 7, 14, 16, 143, 145, 190‹92 Dbi_^bob-G^o^kq, Jb^kkb, 98, 203 Dbif`h^, M^da^ibk^, 74, 92, 203 Dbilof^, Vfkb Jo., 107, 113, 127, 167‹70, 174‹78, 189, 203 D(H^bk, Tebl, 90, 203 Df^w abi C^pqfiil, Bbok^i, f afg^ild, sfff‹uf, 9‹10, 40, 42, 60‹62, 74, 91, 101, 110‹11, 117‹19, 125, 147, 165, 195 afg^pmlo^, sf, 9, 11 Dfoifh, Aofc, sfff, 6, 204 RWaYc`a ZcRWZO, sfff, 25, 93, 95, 98‹99, 100‹ 2, 137 9WdZXW hO^OR 7cTTOZ] 7WZZO )7cTTOZ] 7WZZ LWZR LSab*, 128‹29 Dl_vkp, Hbkov F., ff Dloofp, Mf`e^bi, 3, 70, 124, 130, 202, 204, 221 alpbigbkf£hf hlilkfg^ifw^j, 8 R`cU], ff, fs, 4, 12, 25, 50, 53, 57, 67, 71, 74, 81, 89, 91, 93, 95, 100‹1, 108, 109‹15, 128, 141‹42, 154, 165, 190, 223 Droe^j, Jfjjfb, 8, 130, 203, 204 Drofkd, Sfjlk, 68, 115, 204
& Epqlv-be-jrrq, 59 Eiifp Ipi^ka, 173 Eiifplk, R^ime, 57 bmfabjfgb, _libpqf, 74‹75, 80, 94, 99, 102, 114, 178, 187 Eoaof`e, Llrfpb, sff‹sfff, 4, 67‹138, 204 Epmbv, D^sfa, 119, 127, 204 SbWsYO Y`WbWYO, sff, 14, 16, 191, 193 bqklhofqf£^o, 12 Eqri^fk, Rf`e^oa W., 157, 204
' F^klk, Fo^kqw, 87, 204 F^ofp, Wbkav B., sfff‹fu, 90‹91, 203‹4, 217‹18, 221‹22 Fbok^kabw Rbq^j^o, Rl_boql, 94, 204 Fboo^of, Rfq^ 74, 87, 101, 204 Ffbaibo, Lbpifb A., 20, 32, 41, 205 Ffuf`l, Dlk^ia, 135‹36, 205 TZOaVPOQY 29, 120, 137 Fi^sfk, J^jbp, 124, 205 Fir`h, Wfkcofba, 19, 20, 205 Fobbaj^k, Df^kb P., 50, 205
( G^kaef, Lbbi^, sfff, 6, 191, 205 G^qbp, Hbkov Llrfp, 3, 115, 117, 205 Gblodf-Ffkai^v, Bofdfqqb, 30, 205 Gblod-L^rbo, Jrqq^, 68, 205 Gbolkfjl, 129 Gib^plk, Wfiif^j, 120, 205 do^kf`^, uf, 12, 30‹31, 34, 42, 56, 58, 76, 86, 91, 100‹1, 105, 108, 119, 122, 126, 131, 152, 155, 161, 164‹5, 187 God^p, Sqfmb, u, 30, 42, 206 Gol_j^k, L^rofb, 47, 49, 206 Golpp, L^tobk`b, W., 94, 206 Golpp_bod, L^tobk`b, 54, 87, 206 dolqbph^/dolqbphkf ob^ifw^j, 98‹100, 102, 118 Grppr`hp, 52
) H^ii, Sqr^oq, 50, 101, 198‹99, 206, 210, 212 H^ipbv, Tebobp^, sf, 109, 208 H^kplk, Eifw^_bqe, 2, 206 H^oafk, Mf`e^bi, 106, 206 H^ogl Seltk, Srp^k, 178, 216 H^pp^k, Ie^_, 20, 120, 206 VObOOZ$WW, 34 Hb^qe Jrpqf`b, D^kfbi, u, 14, 16, 193‹94, 201, 206, 218, 220‹21 Hbdbj^k, Srp^k, 2, 206
229
,"8"-0 *.&/" * 10+.06" Hbkofh VIII., fff Hbokyk Cloq~p, f Hbppibo, Mf`ebiib R., 92, 206 ebqboldilpfg^, sfff‹fu, uf, 9‹10, 12, 101‹2 VWP`WR¥]ab, sff‹sfff, 9‹15, 35‹36, 92‹98, 101, 104, 109, 117, 124, 130, 134, 184 Hfop`ehlm, Kbk, 124, 206 Hl`e_or`h, Wlicd^kd, 2, 5, 8, 36, 45, 117, 141, 206 Hladb, Bl_, 6, 22‹23, 82, 85, 201, 203, 207, 212, 217 Hld^k, Lfka^, 22‹23, 82, 85, 207 elifpqf£hl, 16, 141, 146, 184 elifsraphf Ikafg^k^` 126‹27, 130, 160, 172 Hlij, Tlj, 14‹16, 21, 75‹76, 207 Hliq, Db_o^ C., 108, 116, 125, 207 Hlmf, ff, 31, 48, 55, 62 Hlok^a^v, Wfiif^j T., 75, 207 Hlopj^k, Rbdfk^ia, s, 207 Hlufb, Fobabof`h E., s, 88, 127, 130, 207, 221 V]hV_, 99 Hrcc, Dbilobp J., 56, 207 Hrdd^k, Go^e^j, 6 Hrdebp H^ppbii, Sebfi^, 115, 117, 207 erjlo, 106, 111, 117‹19, 131‹32, 147, 204, 206, 211, 215 Hrq`eblk, Lfka^, sfff‹fu, 49, 68‹69, 71, 91, 113, 115, 122, 131, 207‹8 Hrvppbk, Akaob^p, 68, 208 VdObOs a¥]dO )R`SO[QObQVS`*, 96 Hvab, Lbtfp, 103, 208
* fabkqfqbq, sf, 2‹6, 9‹10, 13‹17, 19‹22, 25‹ 27, 33, 36, 38‹40, 42‹43, 47, 49‹50, 52‹53, 59, 64, 66, 68‹70, 72‹73, 81‹82, 86‹87, 92, 103, 105‹7, 111, 113, 115‹17, 119, 123, 128, 130‹31, 134, 136‹37, 143, 149, 151, 158, 160, 178, 185, 187, 193‹94 Idiflof, P^ri^, 185, 208 fdo^£kf`b, 135‹36, 192 Ieql^(^e(lv^/ bk^ ^¤ )GSSR L][O¥*, 60 fjmbofg, sff, 7, 192, 194
230
fjmbofg^ifw^j/fjmbofg^ikl fff‹fs, 7‹8, 38, 76, 88, 94, 99, 128‹29, 133, 135, 137, 144, 158, 163 Ikafg^k`f psfe mibjbk^ )>¥RWO¥a ]T 6ZZ I`WPSa*, 171, 181 fkafg^kph^ obkbp^kp^ )N^qfsb Ajbof`^k Rbk^fpp^k`b*, 24, 33, 219 fkafg^kphf pqrafgf, sff‹fu, 3, 15‹17, 167 >¥bS` 8OSbS`O 9WdW¥OS, fff W¥bS`TchWXaY] mfpjl, 144, 183 fkqo^qbhpqr^ikl, 122‹23, 125, 137 Iolhbwf, 170 >abW¥O ] ^`WsO[O4 abO`]aXSRWZOsYW ¥O`ObWd )IVS I`cbV OP]cb Hb]`WSa4 6 CObWdS CO``ObWdS*, fu, 145, 159 >abW¥WbO ^]dWXSab ]adOXO¥XO C]dS u^O¥X]ZaYS, ff Iv^qfh, 22 >hO ^cbO ^`SY`wS¥WV a^]`Ohc[O )7SVW¥R bVS I`OWZ ]T 7`]YS¥ I`SObWSa*, 167‹70, 174‹78 >h[WwZXO¥XS >¥RWXO¥QO4 PXSZOsYW ZWY]dW' abO`]aXSRWZOsYO ca[S¥O Y¥XWySd¥]ab W acd`S[S¥W abO`]aXSRWZOsYW ^WaQW )>¥dS¥bW¥U bVS >¥RWO¥4 LVWbS >[OUSa' CObWdS D`OZ AWbS`Obc`S' O¥R 8]¥bS[^]`O`g L`WbS`a*, fu, 142, 149, 155
+ J^`l_p, Clkkfb A., 1‹3, 5, 37, 67, 121, 123, 178, 208 J^ekbo, Ei^fkb, 14, 106, 208 J^fjbp, Akkbqqb M., sf, 109, 127, 204, 207‹8 J^jbp I., fff J^jbpqltk, fff J^kMle^jba, A_ari, sff, 93, 208 J^phlphf, Hbibk, 42, 46, 55, 64‹65, 208 Jbjbw, 24 gbwfh, 4, 13, 15‹17, 37‹39, 48, 53, 55, 64‹ 65, 68‹70, 75, 79, 81, 94, 105‹6, 113, 115, 128, 131, 134, 140, 143, 146, 157, 163, 209 Jlekpqlk, B^pfi, 94, 99, 208
,"8"-0 *.&/" * 10+.06"
,
-
K^ek^t^hb, 189 h^klk, sfff, 3, 5 K^mi^k, Ajv, sfff, 7, 170, 209, 214‹15, 217 h^okbs^i, fu, 98, 105, 111, 117‹18, 124, 136‹ 37, 176, 205 K^okl, V^ibofb, 209 K^oobo, Wlicd^kd, 8, 21, 34, 63, 76, 205, 209 YO$baW¥O, 31‹32, 37, 53, 55, 59 h^wfs^£, 22, 39, 51, 60 Kbobp Prb_il, 22, 39, 60 Kfiip_^`h, Lbl 35, 173, 209 Kfim^qof`h, J^`nrbivk, 127‹28, 209 Kfkd, Telj^p, 139, 141‹46, 149, 151‹53, 155, 157‹64, 183, 209, 215 Kflt^, 173 YWdO, 42 hi^rk, 113, 117, 130 Kifkhltfqw, Jboljb, 104, 130, 209 Kl(`efkfk^hl/ rq^ bk^ )MSZZ]e L][O¥*, 31, 51‹55, 59, 62, 63 Klglq, 54, 139, 153, 155, 158, 160‹ 62, 164 Klilakv, Akkbqqb, 75, 209 hlilkfw^`fg^, sff, 6, 8, 16, 39, 70, 75‹76, 79, 83, 87‹88, 100‹1, 143‹45, 154, 190 Klirj_l, f, 159, 187 Y]¥b`]dS`hO HWZY] z :`R`WQV, 68, 202 @]`¥XOsW¥ ]b]Y, 165 hofqf£^o hlwjlmlifq, 11‹12 ho^q^h pmlg, 131 @`SOQWXO, 139‹40, 154‹55, 162‹63, 165 Kolb_bo, K^oi, 61, 121, 197, 209, 215 holklqlm, sfff, 28‹30 Korjeliw, Lfka^, 27, 46, 59, 209 Korm^q, Aoklia, 2, 5, 11‹12, 22, 39, 46, 48, 51, 58, 60, 73, 101, 104, 144, 197, 199, 200‹2, 210, 212, 222 @crO ]R h]`S )=]caS BORS ]T 9Oe¥*, sff, 3, 19, 41, 211, 215
L^drk^, 4, 21‹24, 26‹32, 36, 38‹43, 47, 49, 53‹54, 218 L^hlq^, 73, 173, 175 L^ka^v, Llof, 117, 210 L^kabp, Rrqe, 93, 210 L^kaorj, L^oov, 2, 210 L^kpbo, Srp^k Skf^abo, 63, 72, 93, 210 L^oplk, Sfakbo, 86, 210 Lbb, Rl_boq A., sff, 14, 128, 220 Lbb`e, Gblccobv, 141, 210 L~sf-Sqo^rpp, Ci^rab, 103, 121 Lfk`lik, Kbkkbqe, 3‹4, 29‹31, 33, 38, 51, 60, 80, 87, 106, 116, 125, 137, 144, 199, 202, 209‹14, 216, 220 Lflkkbq, Fo^k}lfpb, 50 Lfqqibcb^qebo, S^`ebbk, 176 Lladb, D^sfa, 61, 111, 120‹21, 211 Lllj_^, Akf^, 6‹7, 128, 211 Llp Ai^jlp, 28, 42 ils, 28, 75, 84‹86, 101, 148 Lltb, Jlek, 104, 211 ZcRO, 57, 105, 112 Lrj_bb, 14 Lrqw, H^oqjrq, 8, 21, 34, 63, 76, 205, 209, 219 Lvlq^oa, Jb^k-Fo^k}lfp, sfff‹fu, 68, 123, 201, 205, 221 AXcPOd¥O [OUWXO )A]dS BSRWQW¥S*, sfff, 79, 103, 119‹38 ZXcRaYS S¥YZOdS, 15
. j^dfgphf ob^ifw^j, sfff‹fu, 71, 90‹92, 96, 98, 102, 108 [O¥Wb]c, 96, 109 M^khfiibo, Wfij^, 182 M^kk, Ce^oibp C., ff, fff, 211 M^lof, 8 [O_cWZOR]`O, 50 M^oqfk, C^isfk, 84‹85, 199, 203‹4, 211 M^pp^`erpbqqp B^v, fff, fs M^q`efb, Telj^p, 88, 211
231
,"8"-0 *.&/" * 10+.06" M^q`efj^kfql, 80, 88, 95‹96 [Ob`WQO ¥O`]R¥]abW, sfff, 14‹17, 65, 137 M^vciltbo fs, 173 M`Cifkql`h, Akkb, sfff, 8, 50, 81, 99, 128‹ 29, 134, 204‹5, 208, 211‹12 Mb^kp, Rrppbi, 175 BSRWQW¥S GWdS`' sff, fu, 149‹51, 209 [lbWa, [lbWaaOUS, 50, 79, 211 BWRSeSeW¥, 94 jfdo^`fg^, sf, 9, 50 jfholmof£^, 123 jfjfhofg^, fu, 9, 45, 68, 87, 116‹17 Mfke-e^, Tofke T., sfff, 115, 123 Mfkrfq, Pbqbo, 171 Mfppebmbper/Mfpeb_bper, 88‹89, 92, 109 Mfpeo^, Vfg^v, 6, 212 jfq l£fqls^kb pra_fkb )j^kfcbpq abpqfkv*, s jgbpql/qbofqlofg, sff, 2, 4, 15‹16, 30‹31, 34, 39, 43, 55, 65, 81‹82, 84, 102, 135, 137, 151 Mle^th, 161, 170, 189, 191 Ml(h(^fq`e, 32 Mlj^a^v, N. S`lqq, sfff, u, 1, 3, 19, 29, 37‹38, 41, 140‹43, 200, 211‹12, 216 Mlkdf^, P^ajfkf, 7, 212, 216 Mllob, D^sfa L., 14, 36, 42, 212 Mlo^`b, Rl_boq A., 98, 123, 212 Mlod^k, J^kf`b, 50, 60, 78, 212 Mloqlk, S^jrbi, s Mlpp, M^of^, 30, 32, 40, 59, 87, 205, 210, 212 Mlrkq Rrpejlob, 173 jriqfmbopmbhqfsklpq, 120, 124, 137 Mroo^v, D^sfa, 2, 48, 212
/ N^`flk^ikl sfgb b ^jbof£hfe Ikafg^k^`^ )IVS CObW]¥OZ 8]c¥QWZ ]T 6[S`WQO¥ >¥RWO¥a ‹ NCAI*, 167 N^`flk^ikl sfgb b ji^afe Ikafg^k^`^ )CObW]¥OZ >¥RWO¥ M]cbV 8]c¥QWZ ‹ NIYC*, 169 N^dbi, Jl^kkb, 35, 213
232
N^s^el )N^s^gl*, 23‹24, 33, 50, 53, 58, 62, 64, 99, 156, 219 Nbiplk, Rl_boq M., 2, 22, 29, 39, 211, 213 CShU]RO¥ >¥RWXO¥OQ4 scRO¥ WhdXSwbOX ] abO`]aXSRWZOsY][ ¥O`]Rc Wh HXSdS`¥S 6[S`WYS )IVS >¥Q]¥dS¥WS¥b >¥RWO¥4 6 8c`W]ca 6QQ]c¥b ]T CObWdS ES]^ZS W¥ C]`bV 6[S`WQO*, fu, 145‹49
0 Odi^i^, 73, 174‹76, 201 Ogf_t^, 84, 92‹93, 110, 132‹33, 200, 206, 210, 219 Ooqfw, Sfjlk, 17, 48, 143 Op^db, 14 Otbkp, Llrfp, 3‹4, 8‹9, 12, 14, 19, 25, 29, 34, 37‹39, 50, 58, 80, 125, 127, 164, 213, 214 lwk^£^s^kgb )aWU¥WTgW¥U*, 117, 205
1 P^ibpqfk`f, 8 m^j bkgb, 15‹16, 51, 69, 70, 91, 102, 128, 150 P^of¤hf pmlo^wrj, fs P^qrubq, fs Pb^o`b, Rlv H^osbv, 76, 86, 94, 96, 213 Pb^oplk, Df^kb, sff‹sfff, 14‹16, 207 Pb^pb, Dlk^ia E., 128, 209, 214‹15, 217 Pbnrlq, fs, 158 mbojrq^`fgb, 59‹61, 120, 122 Pbqboplk, D^ib E., 124, 213 Pbqboplk, N^k`v H., sfff, 69‹70, 73, 106, 213 Pfkb Rfadb, 167, 173‹75, 177, 181, 202 Pfqqj^k, B^o_^o^, 122, 213 Pibp arels^ )Gelpq D^k`b*, 106 Pibp hrhrorw^ )Clok D^k`b*, 58 EZSa Hc¥QO )Hc¥ 9O¥QS*, 84, 158, 162, 193 Pivjlrqe, fff‹fs, 200 Plhobq w^ do^ ^kph^ mo^s^, fu, 168‹69 mlifdbkbw^, s Ploqbo, Jlv, fs‹sf, 77, 168, 177‹78, 214
,"8"-0 *.&/" * 10+.06" mlpobals^kgb, sfff, 10, 14, 24‹25, 27, 66, 84, 107, 113, 126 ^]ab %^ZS[S¥aYW& >¥RWXO¥OQ, 13 mlpqhlilkfg^ifw^j, sfff, 5‹7, 9, 12, 54, 69, 91, 107, 143‹44 mlpqjlabokl, sfff, 45, 49, 68, 70‹71, 90, 104, 120‹22, 124, 137 ^]b`OUO hO a¥][ )R`SO[*dWaW]¥ _cSab*, 33 mlsfgbpq, f, sf, uf, 7, 15‹16, 29, 36, 41, 47, 52, 67‹70, 73‹74, 86, 123, 129, 142, 145‹46, 148, 158‹59, 187, 190, 193 ^]ee]e, 136, 151 Po^qq, M^ov Llrfpb, sf, 65, 80, 214 ^`SY][XS`¥]ab, 105 Pof£b l mlpq^khr, 13, 15, 26, 149, 154 mofmlsfgba^kgb, 22, 38, 45, 51, 59, 62, 70‹ 71, 73, 113, 121, 140‹41, 146, 152, 162, 195 E`W^]dXSROs )Hb]`gbSZZS`*, sff‹sfff, 45‹66, 101 Pos^ bk^ );W`ab L][O¥*, 156‹57, 164 Prq mobho¤bkfe pmlo^wrj^ )IVS I`OWZ ]T 7`]YS¥ I`SObWSa*, 173‹74 Ecb achO %I`OWZ ]T ISO`a&, s, 82
2 Qrbkkbq, F^_fbkkb, 71, 105, 121‹22, 214
3 R^afk, P^ri, 103, 108, 117, 214 R^fkt^qbo, C^qebofkb, 36, 92, 105, 125, 214 R^jpbv, J^olia, 103, 123, 214 o^pfw^j, 129 R^qq^kpf, Aif, 120, 200 o^skf£^oph^ mibjbk^, s, 23, 33, 74‹75, 84, 109 Rbba, Telj^p Vboklk, sf, 60, 170, 174, 211, 214 obi^`fgphf fabkqfqbq, 42, 119 GSZOQWo¥ RS ZOa 8]aOa RS McQObi¥, f Rbktf`h, Nbfi, 69, 87, 157, 214
obwbos^q, fs, 4, 9, 21, 27, 42, 56, 78‹79, 81, 132, 135‹36, 167, 173‹74, 177‹78, 181‹ 82, 187, 192 Rfafkdqlk, Rl_fk, 164 Rfqr^i gbibk^, 28 Rl^klhb, fff, 215, 221 Rldfk, Mf`e^bi, 8, 128, 214 `][O¥ ^]b`OUS )_cSab `][O¥QS*, sfff, 19, 20, 25, 28, 30, 36, 42‹43 Rrlcc, L^Vlkkb A. Boltk, fff, sfff, 22, 61, 87, 178, 214 Rrmmboq, J^jbp, 10, 70, 126, 212, 215 Rv^k, Aii^k J., 106, 118, 127, 215
4 S^fa, Eat^oa, sff, 49, 70, 86, 88, 213, 215 S^iafs^o, R^jlk, 69, 215 S^k Jr^k, Emfc^kfl Jo., 6, 8, 129, 215 S^kap, K^qeibbk Mriibk, 47, 124, 126, 215 S^oofp, Gobd, 10‹11, 17, 132, 152, 215 S^rabop, Ce^oibp Fo^k`fp, 54, 215 S`^ki^k, D^k, 184, 215 S`^o_boov-G^o`f^, Srp^k, 30, 40, 215 S`ebccbi, Hbijrq, 120, 215 S`ebf`h, Wfiif^j J., 126, 157, 215 S`ebk`h, Cbibpqb, 49, 201, 211 S`ejfaq, Pbqbo, 8, 21, 111, 210, 217 S`eriqw, Jbccobv D., 77‹78, 215 S`eriqw, Lvaf^ A., 116, 121, 216 Sbjfklib, s Sbm isba^, Jr^k Gfk~p ab, fs Sebialk, M^ov F., 58, 216 Sele^q, Eii^, sff, 6, 204‹5, 208, 212, 216 Seltk H^ogl, Srp^k, 178, 216 Sfbjboifkd, Wfkcofba, 142, 149, 155, 207, 216, 220 Sfi_boj^k, Rl_boq, 120, 125, 216 Sfihl, Lbpifb M^ojlk, sff‹sfff, 4, 19‹68, 70, 137, 140, 145, 201‹4, 208‹10, 212, 215‹ 16, 218, 222‹23 pfjri^`fg^, 13, 127‹28, 131 Sfkde, Ajofqgfq, 8, 21, 111, 201, 203, 210, 216‹17 pfkholkfg^, 29,
233
,"8"-0 *.&/" * 10+.06" Sflru, 75, 167, 171, 173‹74, 176, 181, 201 HW^O^c, 22 Sfqqfkd Brii, 129 Sibjlk, Sqbmebk, 90, 91, 217 Sil_la^, Nf`eli^p, 68, 92, 187, 217 Silqhfk, Rf`e^oa, 129, 217 pir¤^qbig, 61‹62, 72, 74, 122, 125, 137, 140‹ 41, 152, 183 Sjfqe, Tebobp^ S., 109, 217 Sjfqe, Jb^kkb Rlpfbo, 103‹4, 106‹8, 113, 141, 217 pl`fg^ikf a^osfkfw^j, s Sli^o, Mfifslg, 121‹23, 217 Sliilop, Wbokbo, sfff, 3, 8, 35, 126, 217 pmbhq^hi, 128, 133, 137 Smlh^kb, 3 H^]`Ohc[ ;]`b AO`O[WS, 171, 173‹74 H^]`Ohc[W, 168‹70, 173‹74, 176, 178, 182 polapqsl, sff‹sfff, 16‹17, 34, 43, 65, 81, 84, 102, 142, 151, 195 Sq^o^ bk^ )DZR L][O¥*, 156‹57 pq^olpgbafi^£h^ bmfpqbjlildfg^, sfff, 11, 13, 16, 25, 68, 71, 92, 126, 151 pq^olpgbafi^£h^ ebojbkbrqfh^, fu, 14, 141 pq^olpgbafl`f, fs‹sf, u, 2‹3, 5, 7‹9, 13, 17, 34, 39, 52, 75‹76, 78, 84, 87, 111, 127‹ 28, 131, 135, 142‹43, 145‹46, 153, 159, 165, 168, 171, 176, 177‹78, 181‹82, 187, 189, 191 Sqlhbp, K^o^e, 121, 123, 125, 217 Sqo^qqlk, Bfiiv J., 16, 217 acPZOQWXO, 158 pr_sbowfg^, sfff, 5, 11, 25‹26, 91, 106, 130, 173, 186 ac`dWdO¥QS, 12, 14, 220 prsbobkfqbq, fu, 6, 11, 13‹14, 16, 135, 146‹ 47, 167‹68, 170, 174, 176, 179, 194 HdO []XO `]RPW¥O )6ZZ Bg GSZObW]¥a*, fu, 141‹42 psbq^ mlsfgbpq, sff, 15, 17, 22, 29, 39, 40, 43, 55, 73, 190 St^k, Eafqe, 21, 23, 31, 217
À wOZXWdsW¥O, 105, 112
234
u]c ] 9WdZXS[ hO^ORc )LWZR LSab HV]e*, 128 l¤lkf, u
5 T^h^hf, Rlk^ia, 75‹79, 168, 217 T^kofp^i, Mbia^k, 92, 217 T^vl, 20‹43, 140 Tbail`h, Dbkkfp, 3, 72, 218, 221 qbekfh^ or_ls^, 49 Tbkl`eqfqiyk, f‹ff Tbrqlk, Sb^k, 14, 195, 201, 206, 218, 220, 221 bW^W, 23, 75, 162, 174 Tlkql, 127 b]bS[, 108 b`OU, 13, 51, 69, 72, 78, 97, 102 I`OU]dW )I`OQYa*, sff‹fu, 67‹119, 134, 137‹ 38 b`SrW ^`]ab]`, fu, 14, 130, 143, 220 Tofkfqv Sfqb, 42 Torabii, Jlek, 181‹88, 208‹9, 215, 218‹19 Tpb-mf(k^, 23, 28, 29, 31, 39 Tp(fqp(qpfk^hl, 22, 23 Tro`lqqb, Gboov, 219
6 Uoba w^ fkafg^kph^ mfq^kg^ )7c`SOc ]T >¥RWO¥ 6TTOW`a*, 81, 135, 159, 168, 174‹ 75, 177 Up^jigbkf obka«bo, 127, 155, 157 rpjbk^ qo^af`fg^/rpjbkb mofmlsfgbpqf, sff, 2, 13, 15, 19, 22, 29, 37, 46, 52, 61, 66, 72‹73, 109, 116, 121‹125, 137, 139, 141, 146, 165, 183
7 V^k Dvhb, Akkbqqb, 21, 92, 110, 219 dO`OZWQO )b`WQYabS`*, 103‹10, 117, 119‹23, 125-26, 136, 146, 152‹54, 160 Vb`pbv, Ceofpqlmebo, 84, 99, 219 Vbifb, Ai^k, 123, 215, 219
NOTES ON THE AUTHORS Sanja Runtić is Associate Professor of English and Head of the B.A. Program in English at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Croatia, and is currently serving as Vice President of Croatian Association for American Studies (HUAmS). She teaches surveys of early and nineteenth-century American literature and specialized courses such as American Realism/Naturalism, Contemporary American Women Writers, Native American Literature, and Multicultural Literature in English. She was awarded the John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies research grant at the Free University Berlin in 2002, and was a Fulbright Fellow at the American Indian Studies Department, University of Arizona, in 2003/04. Her recent scholarly work focuses on the field of Native American Studies, with special emphasis on Native American literature, art, and independent cinema. Her major interests also include postcolonial literature and theory, theories of globalization, postmodernism, women's studies, and American Realism and Naturalism. Marija Krivokapić Knežević teaches nineteenth- and twentieth-century British literature at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Montenegro, where she also serves as Vice Dean for Science and International Relations. Her publications focus on the work on D. H. Lawrence (Lawrence in Italy, Belgrade 2000; Quest for the Transcendent in D. H. Lawrence’s Prose, Niksic, 2009; as well as dozen of other short publications), but her recent interests also include contemporary Native American literature and travel writing. Together with Aleksandra Nikčević Batrićević, she coedited the following Cambridge Scholars Publishing editions: Culture-Bound Translation and Language in a Global Era; History, Politics, Identity: Reading Literature in a Changing World; Recounting Cultural Encounters; On the Borders of Convention; and The Face of the Other in Anglo-American Literature. She edited and co-edited a series of translations of British, Canadian, South African, and Native American authors. She is the current general editor of the linguistics and literature journal Folia Linguistica et Litteraria. She has also been a coordinator of an international project for the advancement of language studies, SEEPALS 2010-2013, financed by the European Commission.
BILJEŠKA O AUTORICAMA Sanja Runtić (Osijek, 1970.) diplomirala je anglistiku i germanistiku na Pedagoškom fakultetu Sveučilišta Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. Na Filozofskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu magistrirala je 2000. te doktorirala 2005. iz područja humanističkih znanosti, grana anglistika, disertacijom: Hibridnost i precrtavanje granica u suvremenom ženskom pismu američkih Indijanaca. Uposlena je kao izvanredna profesorica pri Odsjeku za engleski jezik i književnost Filozofskog fakulteta u Osijeku, gdje je od 1995. predavala kolegije: Pisanje eseja, Američko žensko pismo, Suvremena američka književnost, Proza na engleskom s kraja 20. stoljeća, Britanski i američki realizam i naturalizam, Suvremeni američki ženski pisci, Pregled američke književnosti I (od početaka do kraja 19. stoljeća) i Književnost američkih Indijanaca. Dobitnica je istraživačke stipendije Instituta za američke studije "J. F. Kennedy" u Berlinu (2002.) te stipendije zaklade Fulbright na Poslijediplomskom odsjeku za indijanske studije Sveučilišta u Arizoni, SAD, u akademskoj godini 2003/04. Voditeljica je Preddiplomskog studija pri Odsjeku za engleski jezik i književnost na Filozofskom fakultetu u Osijeku i podružnice Hrvatsko-američkog društva u Osijeku, a trenutno obnaša dužnost potpredsjednice Hrvatskog udruženja za američke studije. Uz književnost američkih starosjedilaca, područja su njezina znanstvenog interesa postkolonijalna književnost i teorija, teorije globalizacije, postmodernizam, ženski studiji te američki realizam i naturalizam. Marija Knežević (rođena Krivokapić) izvanredna je profesorica na Univerzitetu Crne Gore, gdje izvodi nastavu iz Viktorijanske književnosti, Engleske književnosti 20. stoljeća i Suvremene književnosti američkih starosjedilaca te vodi interdisciplinarni tečaj Susreti naroda i kultura. Kao Fulbright-predavačica 2009. godine boravila je na Državnom sveučilištu u Louisiani, Alexandria, SAD. Osim za navedena područja, Knežević se zanima za putopisnu književnost. Rezultat je tog znanstvenog interesa monografija D. H. Lorens u Italiji (Beograd: Zadužbina Andrejević, 2000.) koja je proizašla iz njezine magistarske teze obranjene na Filološkom fakultetu u Beogradu. Njezin interes za djelo D. H. Lawrencea nastavio se i tijekom doktorskih studija na Filozofskom fakultetu u Novom Sadu te rezultirao monografijom Traganje za onostranim D. H. Lorensa (Nikšić: Filozofski fakultet, 2010), ali se odrazio i u brojnim drugim radovima predstavljenim na međunarodnim skupovima i objavljenim u različitim časopisima. Godine 2011. Knežević je objavila i knjigu Sabrani eseji iz angloameričke moderne književnosti (Nikšić: Filozofski fakultet). Usto je kourednica trinaest zbornika radova s međunarodnog skupa iz područja engleskog jezika i književnosti koji se svake godine održava na Filozofskom fakultetu u Nikšiću. Glavna je urednica međunarodnog časopisa za znanost o jeziku i književnosti Folia linguistica et litteraria te autorica i koautorica brojnih drugih izdanja. Od 2010. Knežević djeluje kao koordinatorica međunarodnog Tempus projekta South Eastern European Project for the Advancement of Language Studies (SEEPALS), a kao prodekanica za znanost i međunarodnu suradnju na Filozofskom fakultetu u Nikšiću uključena je u realizaciju više manjih međunarodnih projekata.
