BIHAREAN BIOLOGIST 11 (2): 117-120 Article No.: e162207
©Biharean Biologist, Oradea, Romania, 2017 http://biozoojournals.ro/bihbiol/index.html
Contribution to the Collembola (Hexapoda) fauna of Turkey from Ordu and Rize provinces Muhammet Ali ÖZATA1, Hasan SEVGİLİ2,* and Igor KAPRUS3 1. Demir Karamancı Anadolu Lisesi, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey. 2. Ordu University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, 52200, Ordu, Turkey. 3. State Museum of Natural History, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, L’viv, UA-79008, Ukraine. * Corresponding Author: H. Sevgili, Mobile: +90 506 437 88 20, Phone (Office): +90 452 226 52 00/1655, E-mail:
[email protected],
[email protected] Received: 20. May 2016 / Accepted: 24. October 2016 / Available online: 06. November 2016 / Printed: December 2017
Abstract. During the survey (2012-2013) a total of 256 specimens of springtails belonging to 19 species, 18 genera and 12 families of four collembolan orders were collected from Ordu and Rize provinces in Turkey.. Two species of the genera of Lepidocyrtus and Pseudachorutella can require large materials to make an identification. With our 10 new records of the orders Symhypleona and Neelipleona, the grand total of the Collembola fauna of Turkey rises to 83 species. This represents an increase about 10% over the current data in the fauna of Turkey. Additionally, 10 springtail species which are distributed and previously recorded from Ordu, were also reported from Rize province in this study. The records of the new springtail species for Turkey confirm that the Turkish Collembola fauna is still poorly described, requiring further both taxonomical and ecological research efforts. Key words: Collembola, springtails, Symphypleona, Neelipleona, Turkey, Ordu, Rize, new records.
Recent studies indicate that the rich biodiversity of Collembola is found in the Black Sea Region of Turkey (Özata et al. 2016). However, when compared with other European and some Asian countries (Ulrich & Fiera 2009, Shayanmehr at al. 2013), springtail fauna of Turkey is poorly known (Sevgili & Özata 2014) and to date, 73 species have been recorded from only a few provinces. Most of them were reported from a few provinces in Mediterranean (Cassagnau, 1959; Skarzynski & Pomorski 1999) and the Black Sea regions of Turkey (Sevgili & Özata 2014, Özata et al. 2016). So, many regions of Turkey are still completely unexplored and it is clear that many interesting known or new species wait to be discovered. This study is part of a project that aims to investigate the faunistic composition of Collembola of Ordu and Rize province in the Black Sea Region of Turkey (Fig. 1). So far there is only one study about the springtails fauna of these regions (Özata et al. 2016). Species were collected from 19 different localities of the province of Ordu from sea level to subalpine zones and one locality from Rize province during 2012-2013 (Table 1). Specimens were extracted by Berlese funnel from soil, leaf litter and moss and captured from the collecting vial using a small brush and they were fixed in 75% alcohol. They were cleared in potassium hydroxide and mounted on slides in the Faure’s solution. Literature about Collembola of Turkey was briefly reviewed by Sevgili & Özata (2014). The location, slide number, coordinates of the
collecting sites, collection dates and examined materials are given on Tables 1 and 2. About thousands of Collembola samples were collected and extracted. 256 specimens of springtails were identified (see Table 2 for details). The slides were deposited at Zoology Laboratory of Biology Department in Ordu University, Turkey. The specimens were identified by taxonomic keys of published papers/books such as Bretfeld (1999), Fjelberg (1998, 2007), (Potapow, 2001) and (Thibaud et al. 2004) and web data such as Bellinger et al. (1996-2016). Observations of the specimens were done under a microscope with a multi-viewing system and phase contrast.
The present study gives an update list of the Collembola recorded from Ordu and Rize provinces, which are located in Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. The species, identified in this study, were dominant in all types of forest ecosystem in Black Sea region of Turkey. About 90 samples were studied, which represent the Collembolan fauna of different habitats (mostly leaf litter and moss). Most of the species reported here, have been considered to have wide range or even cosmopolitan distributions (Potapow 2001, Deharveng & Fjellberg 2015, Bretfeld 1999, Fjellberg 1998, Fjellberg 2007). As a result of our research, 13 springtail species belonging to 9 families have been found in Rize province for the first time (Table 2), and 10 of them were previously known from Ordu. There are 6 species belonging to Symhypleona and Neelipleona that have been found in Ordu, all are the first records for Turkey. While Sminthurides malmgreni (Tullberg, 1877) and Sminthurinus aureus (Lubbock,
Figure 1. Two provinces of sampling localities in Black Sea Region of Turkey (modified from Google Map, 2016).
M.A. Özata et al.
118 1862) have been collected only from Rize, Pygmarrhopalites secundarius (Gisin, 1958) and Dicyrtomina minuta (Fabricius, 1783) have been found in both Ordu and Rize provinces. The following species were recorded in Turkey for the first time: Spatulosminthurus flaviceps (Tullberg, 1871), Lipothrix lubbocki
(Tullberg, 1872), Sphaeridia pumilis (Krausbauer, 1898), Sminthurides malmgreni (Tullberg, 1877), Pygmarrhopalites principalis (Stach, 1945), Pygmarrhopalites secundarius (Gisin, 1958), Dicyrtomina minuta (Fabricius, 1783), Sminthurinus aureus (Lubbock, 1862), Neelus murinus Folsom, 1896, Megalothorax
Table 1. Information on the distribution, collection date, habitat and altitudes of the species of Collembola, recorded from the provinces of Ordu (1-19) and Rize (20) in Black Sea region of Turkey. Location No Collection Location date
Habitat
Altitude Longitude Latitude (m)
1.
08.04.2012 Gülyalı /Turnasuyu village/Divane district 17.05.2012 16.09.2012
Pine forest and Moss
41
37° 59' 41'' 40º 58' 22''
2.
17.05.2012 Gülyalı /Turnasuyu village/Divane district 16.09.2012
Chestnut forest and soil
70
37° 59' 30'' 40º 58' 15''
3.
28.04.2012 Altınordu/Günören village (Kurşunçal forest)
Redwood forest
580
37° 44' 50'' 40º 55' 44''
4.
13.05.2012 Altınordu/Bayadı village (Kurul Kayası district) Redwood forest and soil
5.
13.05.2012 Gülyalı/Kestane Village (Kurt kayası)
Mixed forest and soil
6.
01.06.2012 Ünye/İnkur (Çet picnic spot) 01.06.2013 05.07.2012
Pine forest and soil
7.
05.07.2012 Ünye (10 km southern)
Redwood and soil
8.
05.07.2012 Ünye/Asarkaya (Kent ormanı) 12.05.2013 01.06.2013
Pine, Spruce, Beech mixed forest 160-356 37° 14' 17'' 41º 06' 21''
9.
08.07.2012 Between Akkuş and Niksar (Tokat)
Pine and Oak forest
1218
10.
08.07.2012 Akkuş
Pine forest
1226
37° 01' 28'' 40º 47' 20''
11.
08.07.2012 Akkuş-Ünye road
Oak forest
939
37° 06' 01'' 40º 55' 10''
12.
08.07.2012 Akkuş
Beech forest
1254
37° 01' 00'' 40º 47' 35''
13.
10.07.2012 Fatsa (Cıngırt Castle) 30.09.2012 12.05.2013 01.06.2013
Moss, Chestnut, Oak forest
14.
17.07.2012 Gölköy/Kozören village
Redwood forest
1001
37° 41' 39'' 40º 40' 39''
15.
17.07.2012 Gölköy/Karagöz district
Redwood forest
1083
37° 36' 53'' 40º 40' 31''
16.
17.07.2012 Gölköy/Tilkini district
Beech forest
1199
37° 36' 44'' 40º 39' 56''
17.
17.07.2012 Gölköy/Harçbeli district
Beech forest
1409
37° 37' 27'' 40º 36' 15''
18.
21.07.2013 Kabadüz/between Turnalık and Çambaşı
Fir forest and soil
1886
37° 56' 55'' 40° 37 55''
19.
21.07.2013 Kabadüz/Between Turnalık and Çambaşı
Moss and soil
1647
37° 55' 45'' 40° 42' 39''
20.
11.06.2012 Rize /Çamlıhemşin - Çat village road
Mixed forest
1120
40° 55' 44 '' 40° 53' 02''
280-298 37° 53' 59'' 40º 53' 47'' 550
38° 02' 30'' 40 º 54'.37''
348-446 37° 12' 49'' 41º 02' 16''
93
37 20' 15'' 41º 06' 21''
37° 02' 08'' 40º 45' 17''
161-240 37° 27' 26'' 41º 03' 22''
Table 2. Species list, examined materials and collecting locations of the springtails in Ordu and Rize provinces. New records are given as bold (juv:= juvenile). Ordo/Family
Species
Examined materials
Slide no.
Location no.
Entomobryomorpha/ Heteromurus (Heteromurus) nitidus (Templeton, 1836) 1♂, 4 juv. Heteromuridae
250d, 250f
20
Entomobryomorpha/ Lepidocyrtus cf. lanuginosus Gmelin, 1788 Lepidocyrtidae
1♂, 4juv.
250l, 250e, 250f
20
Entomobryomorpha/ Folsomia inoculata Stach, 1947 Isotomidae Folsomia ksenemani Stach, 1947
5♀♀, 3juv.
250b, 250e, 250a, 250f
20
3♂♂, 4♀♀, 5juv. 250b, 250a, 250e, 250f
20
Folsomia manolachei Bagnall, 1939
1♂, 4♀♀, 8juv.
251a, 250b, 250a, 250f
20
Isotomiella minor (Schaffer, 1896)
1♀
250b
20
Parisotoma notabilis Schaffer, 1896
1 juv.
251b
20
Entomobryomorpha/ Tomocerus minor Lubbock, 1862 Tomoceridae Tomocerina minuta Tullberg, 1876
7 juv.
250e, 250d, 250f
20
1 juv.
250a
20
Entomobryomorpha/ Ceratophysella denticulata (Bagnall, 1941) Hypogastruridae
1 juv.
250q
20
Poduromorpha/ Neanuridae
1 juv.
250q
20
Pseudachorutella cf. balcanica Cassagnau, 1979
(continued on the next page)
The Collembola fauna of Turkey from Ordu and Rize provinces
119
Table 2. (continued). Ordo/Family
Species
Symphypleona/ Sminthuridae
Lipothrix lubbocki (Tullberg, 1872)
1 juv.
25ol
Spatulosminthurus flaviceps (Tullberg, 1871)
1 juv.
219c
3
2♂♂, 2♀♀, 2juv.
214f, 218,
4
Symphypleona/ Sminthurididae
Sphaeridia pumilis (Krausbauer, 1898)
Examined materials
Slide no.
Location no. 1
1 juv.
207c
5
1♂, 2♀♀,13juv.
210b, 28a, 28b
6
1♀, 14juv.
26, 26b, 173, 104
8
1 juv.
150a
9
1♀, 4juv.
23, 21g, 19a
10
1♂, 1♀
85
12
1♂, 3♀♀, 2juv.
132, 64
14
1♀, 1♂, 3juv.
68, 56
15
1♂, 1♀, 1juv.
G2-NU3, N2-G2U3
18
6♀♀, 7juv.
161a, 161b
19
1♀, 6 juv.
210a, 206a, 208a, 28a
6
1♂, 1♀, 1juv.
26, 26b
8
1♂, 4♀♀, 5juv.
19a, 19c
10
1 juv.
85
12
1♀, 4juv.
49
13
1♂, 1♀, 4juv.
214f
14
1 juv.
56
15
1♂, 3♀♀, 6juv.
G2-NU3, N2-G2U3
18
1♂, 1♀
209a
1
1♂
23a
10 20
Sminthurides malmgreni (Tullberg, 1877)
11 (juv. males)
251c
Symphypleona/ Arrhopalitidae
Pygmarrhopalites principalis (Stach, 1945)
1 juv.
80
2
Pygmarrhopalites secundarius (Gisin, 1958)
2♂♂, 2♀♀, 5 juv. 251a, 250k, 250g, 251
20
1♂
243
15
Symphypleona/ Dicyrtomidae
Dicyrtomina minuta (Fabricius, 1783)
1♂, 1 juv.
251a, 251b
20
3♀♀, 4 juv.
76, 209a, 197
1
1♂, 2juv.
206g, 206b
6
1juv.
216b
17
Symphypleona/ Katiannidae
Sminthurinus aureus (Lubbock, 1862)
9♀♀, 13 juv.
251, 251a, 251b, 250, 250k
20
Neelipleona/ Neelidae
Neelus murinus Folsom, 1896
3 juv.
25, 212
6
5 juv.
119
7
1 juv.
212
6
4 juv.
22
10
1 juv.
192
13
Megalothorax minimus Willem, 1900
minimus Willem, 1900. Two species of the genera of Lepidocyrtus and Pseudachorutella (L. cf. lanuginosus and P. cf. balcanica) can require large materials to make identification. The most common species in Ordu was Spatulosminthurus flaviceps (Tullberg, 1871), which is collected from almost all localities (Table 2). While only one species (Megalothorax incertus Börner, 1903) belonging to Neelipleona is known from Turkey (Sevgili & Özata 2014), two species of this order have been added into Turkish fauna. With eight new records, the number of Symphypleona species known from Turkey increased to a total of 11 (previously, only three species of this order were reported in Turkey). Thus, altogether with literature data, 83 springtail species have been reported from Turkey including this study, and most of them were reported from Alanya (Skarzynski & Pomorski 1999) and Ordu (Özata et al. 2017). As it stands, the orders Symphypleona and Neelipleona are less rich species in Turkey. These results suggest that the fauna of springtail in Turkey is
extremely poorly studied and there is a need for comprehensive faunistic survey of all regions in Turkey.
Acknowledgements. Funding was provided by Ordu University, Turkey (Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit, TF-1308).
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