A x IR 50. Except panicle exsertion all other traits showed positive and ... Among the yield components, days to 50 per cent flowering, number of productive.
Agric. Sci. Digest, 24 (4) : 280 - 282, 2004
CORRELATION BETWEEN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN RICE CORYZA SATIVA L.) S. Rajeswari and N. Nadarajan Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai - 625 104, India
ABSTRACT The correlation coefficients of yield with seven other yield components and the association among themselves were worked out in.the F4 and Fs generations of the rice cross Zhenshan 97 A x IR 50. Except panicle exsertion all other traits showed positive and significant association with yield. Among the yield components, days to 50 per cent flowering, number of productive tiners per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and 100 grain weight were found to be dependable attributes on which the selection would be concentrated for enhancing the yield.
Grain yield in rice is a complex trait and is the ultimate expression of its individual components. The study of the association of yield with yield components is important for fixing up the character, which plays an ultimate rote in influencing the yield. The present study reports the degree of association between yield and yield components in F4 and Fs generations of the rice cross Zhenshan 97 A x IR 50. The experiment was carried out in the year 1998-99 in kharif and rabi seasons by using rice (Oryza sativa L.) cross involving wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterile line Zhenshan 97 A and a restorer line IR 50. The F4 and Fs generations were grown in randomized block design with three replications. Spacing adopted was 20 cm between the rows and 10 cm between the plants. The association between yield and other yield component traits viz., plant height, days to 50 per cent flowering, panicle exsertion, number of productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and 100 grain weight as well as among the component traits were estimated as per the method suggested by Goulden (1952).
flowering, number of productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and 100 grain weight and negative correlation was noticed between yield and panicle exsertion (Table I). Plant height was positively and significantly correlated with grain yield in F4 and Fs generations. Similar results were reported by Deosarkar et al. (1989) in F. and F6 generations. The association of plant height with number of productive tillers per plaht (Jangale et aI., 1987) and panicle length in F4 and Fs generations (Marekar and Siddiqui, 1996) and days to 50 per cent flowering, number of grains per panicle and 100 grain weight in Fs generation was found to be positive and significant.
Days to 50 per cent flowering with grain yield showed positive and significant association in F4 generation. Similar results were also reported by Venkateshwara Rao and Jagadish (1987) in F3 and F4 generations. The interrelationship of days to 50 per cent flowering with panicle length and number of grain per panicle in F4 ger.eration and with The correlation coefficients worked out 100 grain weight in Fs generation were also among the yield components and also between positive and significant (Ramna Reddy and them in the Zhenshan 97 A x IR 50 cross in F4 Reddi, 1981). The only negative but significant and Fs generations revealed that a positive and significant correlation was obtained between association of panicle exsertion with grain yield yield and plant height, days to 50 per cent was observed in F4 generation. The inter
Vol. 24, No.4, 2004
281
Table 1. Correlation coefficient In the Rice Cross Zhenshan 97 A x IR 50 Characters
Plant height Days to 50% flowering Panicle exsertion No. of productive tillers per plant Panicle length Number of grains per panicle 100 grain weight
Days Panicle Number of to 50% exsertlon productive flowering tillers per plant
Generatlon
F4
r;
F4 Fs F4 Fs
0.14 0.19'
-0.24 -0.01 -0.18 0.04
F4
Fs F4 Fs F4
Fs
F4 Fs
0.55" 0.18' -0.02 0.05 -0.26 -0.21"·
Panicle Number 100 length of grains grain per panicle weight 0.48" 0.22" 0.29' 0.01 -0.39" -0.38'· 0.27 0.52"
0.24 0.34" 0.28 -0.07 0.44" -0.11 0.04 0.13 0.40" 0.43"
Grain yield
0.37" 0.12 0.20' 0.39" 0.21 0.39" 0.25'· 0.10 0.21 -0.37" 0.26·' -0.03 0.01 0.06 -0.44" 0.15 0.27 0.60" -0.33" 0.10 0.30" 0.58·' 0.08 0.68" 0.51" 0.06
•• Significant at 1 % level; • Significant at 5 % level.
relationship of panicle exsertion with 100 grain weight (Fs generation) was positive and significant. But panicle exsertion showed negatively significant association with panicle length (both the generations) number of productive tillers per plant (Fs generation) and number of grains per panicle (F4 generation). It revealed that well exserted panicle will give more number of grams. The association of number of productive tillers per plant with grain yield was positive (Sarial and Uma Ahuja, 1991 and Verma et ai., 1997) but non significant in both the generations. The interrelationship of number of productive tillers per plant with panicle length in Fs generation was positive . and significant. But the association of number of productive tillers with 100 grain weight was negatively significant in F3 generation (Ghorai and Pande 1982) in Fl' F2 and F3 . Panicle length had positive and significant association with grain yield in F4 generation (Venkateshwara Rao and Jagadish, 1987) in F3 and F4 . Jangale et aL (1987) observed that the association between panicle
length and number of grains per panicle was positive in F4 generation. In the present study also, similar results were obtained in both me generations. But with 100 grain weight, panicle length had significantly, negative association in Fs generation. Positive and significant association was found between number of grains per panicle and grain yield in both the generations (Verma et aL, 1997) and with 100 grain weight in F4 generation. Hundred grain weight showed positive and significant relationship with grain yield in F4 generation as reported by Deosarkar et al. (1989) in Fs and F6 generations. Correlation coefficient obtained in the F4 and Fs generations also revealed some changes in the direction and magnitude of association of characters from generation to generation. For example, significant level was changed to non significant level and vice versa for days to 50 per cent flowering, panicle exsertion, panicle length and 100 grain weight. This kind of shifts in the correlation coefficients of yield components with yield as well as among the component characters observed in the
282
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE DIGEST
present investigation can be attributed to the differences in the gene complementation on the linkage blocks (Miller et al., 1958). However, Adams (196 7) suggested the possibilities of environmental influence for such changes. The present study brings out the retention of significant association among certain characters where selection may be practiced in the following generation. In this particular cross, the association among the characters and also with yield was high. Except panicle exsertion all other traits showed
positive and significant relationship with grain yield. It may be concluded that, selection for tall plant with well exserted panicle will result in increased grain yield. Similarly, inter relationships among the important yield contributing characters viz., productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and 100 grain weight were more. Therefore, selection in any of these traits will result in the simultaneous improvement of other traits and finally resulting in increased grain yield.
REFERENCES Adams, M.H. (1967). Crop Sci., 7: 505-510. Deosarkar, D. et al. (1989). J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ., 14: 28-29. Ghoral, D.P. and Pande, K. (1982). Oryza, 19: 185-187. Goulden, C.H. (1952). Methods of Statistical Analysis. John Wiley and sons Inc., New York. Jangale, R.D. et al. (1987). J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ., 12: 47-48. Marekar, RV. and Siddiqui, MA (1996). J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ., 21: 249-251. Miller, P.A. et al. (1958). Agron. J., 50: 126-131. Ramna Reddy, C. and Reddi. MV. (1981). Andhra Agric. J., 28: 26-28. Sarial AK and Ahuja, Uma (1991). In: Golden jubilee symposium on Genetic Research and Education. Indian Society of Genetics and Plant Breeding. Feb. 12-15, !ARl, New Delhi. Venkateshwara Rao, O. and Jagadish, C.A. (1987). J. Res. APAU., 15: 12-15. Verma, DK et al. (1997). Indian J. Genet., 57: 19-24.
