C R U S T A C E A N R E S E A R C H， N O 29， 45-57， 2000
A n e w alpheid shrimp of the genus Betaeus n ・ omthe Pacific coast of central J a p a n (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) Keiichi N o m u r a a n d T o m o y u k i K o m a i Abstrαct.-A n e w alpheid shrimp ， Betaeus gelasinifer， is described a n d il・ lustrated from the Pacific coast of cenJ apan. T h e n e w species is tral H o n s h u， characterized b y a set of the following characters: the frontal m a r g i n of the carapace is moderately indented; the p a l m of the first pereiopod is relatively deep and usually bears a shallow excavation o n the ventral surface; the lateral surface of the palm of the first pereiopod tubercles or setae; the lacks granules ， mesial spine at the posterolateral corner of the telson is noticeably elongate; a n d the endopod of the uropod overreaches the posterior margin of the telson b y 0.3 of its length. It represents a second species of the genus from J apanese waters. A briefnote o n the taxonomy ofthe genus is provided.
tative of Betaeus from Japanese waters. T h e specimens examined in this study are deposited in the H a y a m a Siosai M u M u s e u m N as e u m ，K a n a g a w a ( H S M ) ， tional d 'Histoire Naturelle ，Paris (M N H N)， National Fisheries University， Shimonoseki (NFU) ， Natural History M u s e u m a n d Institute ，C h i b a ( C B M ) ， Nationaal Natuurhistorisch M u s e u m ， Leiden (R M N H)，a n d Sabiura Marine P a r k Research Station ，K u s h i m o t o (S M P). T h e abbreviation C L is used for carapace length ，as measured from the anterior margin to the midpoint of the posterior margin of the carapace. Taxonomy B e tαeus gelasinifer n e w species
Figs.1-5
N e w Japanese name:Ekubo-teppouebimodoki Introduction Most ofthe 14 recognized species ofthe 1998:43 ， Fig. 1K. genus Betαeus are distributed in temper- Betαeus sp.:Nomura et al. ， ate waters in the Indian a n d Pacific Material e x a m i n e d .- H o l o t y p e . though the alpheids are Oceans (Table 3) ， generally inhabitants of subtropical or R M N H D 4 8 6 0 0 ，O (C L 6 .3 m m )， Boso Peninsula， intertidal ， 24 tropical regions.Furthermore ， species in Kominato ， coll.K. N o m u r a. the genus are k n o w n to be free living or June 1994， 1 o (CL Paratypes.M N H N - N a 13605 ， associated with other invertebrates such 20vig. (CL 4.5 ， 5.2 m m)， Bay as abalone ，sea urchins ，a n d porcelain 4.8 m m ) ， Shizuoka 1995). In this paper ， w e de- m o u t h of the H a m a n a L a k e ， crab (Jensen ， intertidal ， 3 December 1994 ， scribe a n e w species ， Betαeus gelαsinifer， Prefecture ， 2 o o (C L 5.7， based on samples collected from H a m a n a coll. M .Itoh; C B M - Z C 5209 ， 1 (CL 4.7 m m ) ， 2 ovig. (C L Miura and Boso P eninsula， central 6.8 m m ) ， Lake ， 7. 1 m m)， H a s a m a， Tateyama ， Boso during a continuous survey ofthe 4.6 ， Japan， intertidal ， 16 M a y 1996 ， coll. decapod crustacean fauna of the area. Peninsula ， This n e w species is the second represen- T. K o m a i;N F U 5 3 0-2-2132 ，1 ovig. (CL
K. N O M U R A & T.KOMAI
46
Antennular peduncle (Figs. 2 A - C ) H a s a m a， Tateyama ， Boso Penin5.8 m m ) ， sula ， intertidal ，18 M a y 1996 ，coll. K. relatively robust ，about half of carapace Nomura; R M N H D 48601 ， 2 0 0 (CL 5.5 ， length ，overreaching distal margin of 7.1 m m ) ， 4ovig. Dvex
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3. Distinguishing characters a n d distribution of the species o f the g e n u s Betaeus.
B. sus帥 lis
Species
Table
Pacific and Atlantic ∞ ast of South A merica (Holthuis ，1952;B ωc h i， 1鈍 6)
ast ofNor也A . merica Pacific ∞ 但釘t， 1964;Jensen， 1995)
Yellow Sea ∞ ωt ofChina (Yu ， 1930)
P 8(蛍icα泌 tofNa:制h A m eri沼 但釘t，1964;Jensen，1995) Pacificα渇st of North A.meril:沼 但 art，1964;Jensen，1995)
Atlantic ∞ 蹴 of South A.merica (Boschi， 19(6)
Pacific 聞 stofNor也A . me民 a 但 art， 1964;Jensen， 1995) S o u t h A創 ca (Ba m釘 d;1947，1950)
Pacific ∞ ast of North A.merica 但 art，I964)
China Jap叫K o r ea， σo k o y a，1927;Miya，1972)
Pacific ∞ ast of North A.merica 但 a此，1964)
Pacific ∞ ast of Chile 但 olthuis，1952) Paα fic 蜘 stofN剖 h A.merica 但 art， 196の Pacific ∞ astofan回 1Japan
ωu t h 句 ω 'utheastem Aus仕alia (B anner & Banner， 1973)
Di且tribution (Literature)
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56
K. N O M U R A &
back of rock crevices in the intertidal zone ， where it w a s emersed at low tide ， a n d usually occurred in male-female pairs. T h e congeneric Betαeus granulimα nus sometimes occurred sympatribut it seem to prefer cryptic habically ， tats under 1訂 ge stones or boulders in tide pool. T h e n e w species w a s also observed between stones at the intertidal zone near Shizuoka the mouth of the H a m a n a Lake ， personal communicaPrefecture (M. Itoh， tion).This location w a s in an estuary. Distribution.-So far k n o w n only 仕 o m H a m a n a Lake ，Miura and Boso Peninsula ， the Pacific coast of central Honshu ， J apan. These locations are in the w a r m temperate region. Etymology.-The specific epithet is a combination of the Latin words ， gelαstnus (= dimple) and fero (= bear) ， in reference to the characteristic excavation on the ventral surface of the palm of the first chela. Remarks.ー T h e genus Betαeus is represented by 14 recognized species ， the distinguishing characters and the distribution of these species are summarized in Table 3. T h e indented frontal margin of the carapace links Betαeus gelasinifer to the following six species: B .e mαrginαtus (H. M .Edwards ， 1837) known 企o m Chile; B. h αrfordi ( K i ngsley，1877) 企 o m California to Mexico;B. granulimαnus Yokoya ， 1927 from Japan ，Korea and China; B. 1930 from the Yellow Sea coast pingi Y u ， ， 1964 仕o m Caliof China; B. gracilis H a此 fornia;B .setosus Hart，1964 仕 o m British Columbia to California.T h e usual presence of a shallow excavation on the ven tral surface of the palm of the first pereiopod appears characteristic of the n e w species.Further， the smooth palm ofthe first pereiopod ， which is devoid of granules or tubercles ，immediately distinguishes Betaeus gelasinifer 合 o m B.e mαrginαtus ， B. grαnulimαnus and B. pingi . F r o m B. hαrfordi ， the n e w species differs in having the m u c h more elongate mesial spine on ・
T.KOMAI
the posterolateral corner of the telson ， which overreaches distinctly the posterior margin of the telson. The endopod of the uropod overreaches the posterior margin ofthe telson by the 0.31ength in the n e w rather than about 0.11ength in B. species ， hαrfordi. T he less deeply indented 仕ontal margin of the carapace distinguishes B. gelαsinifer 企o m B.grαcilis 出 ld B. setosus. Further ， B . setosus is easily separated from the n e w species by the densely seantennae and pereiopods. tose carapace ， Although two nominal species ，B. yokoyαi K u b o ，1936 ，and B . m u rα .y αm αi Yokoya ，1936 ，were described from the Pacific coast of central Japan ，M i y a (1 972) concluded that they were s戸l Onym o u s with B. grαnulimαnus. W e agree with Miya's opinion. T he taxonomic position ofthe two taxa described from the Far East Russia ， 1950 ， and Betαeus levifrons Vinogradov ， B. vlαdivostokiensis Vinogradov， 1950， rebecause the original demains unclear ， scriptions of these taxa are too brief to provide adequate information for establishing specific identity . H o w e v e r ， Betαeus levi斤ons is clearly different 企o m B. gelαsinifer in having a convex frontal there margin of the carapace. Moreover ， is a possibility that B . vladivostokiensis might be actually referred to the genus Alpheus because of the presence of the distinct rostrum and the well developed orbital hood on the carapace. Acknowledgements W e wish to thank K. Hagiwara ofMarine Biotechnology Institute Kamaishi Laboratory， K. Tsuchiya of Tokyo Fisheries University ， and M. Itoh of Shizuoka Prefectural Fisheries Experiment Stafor providing specimens.W e are also tion， indebted to C . H. J . M . Fransen of N ationaal Natuurhistor匂 ch M u s e u m for inand to tensive reading of the manuscript， A. A nker of M u s e u m N ational d'Histoire Naturelle for providing literatures and
N E W B E T A E U S SPECIES F R O M JAPAN
57
tions of some n e w species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Science ，7: 2836. Milne Edwards ，H .，1837. Histoire naturelle des crustaces ，comprenant l' anatomie ，la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux， 2. 532 pp. Roret， Paris. Miya ，Y .，1972. T h e Alpheidae (Crustacea ， Literature cited Decapoda) of Japan and its adjacent w a Banner，D. M . and A. H . Banner，1973. The ters . Part l. Publications f r o m the alpheid shrimp of Australia.Parl 1. T h e A m a k u s a Marine Biological Laboratory， lower genera. Records of the Australian Kyusyu University， 3: 23-10 1. M u s e u m，28: 291-382. N o m u r a ，K.， K. Hagiwara & H. Ikeda，1998. K. H. ， 1947. Descriptions ofnew speBarnard， T h e alpheid s h r i m p s (Decapoda: cies of South A 企1can decapod Crustacea ， Alpheidae) recorded 企o m Kanagawa Prewith notes on s戸l On y m y and n e w records. fecture ，on the Pacific coast of central A nnals and Magazine ofNatural History， Honshu， Japan. Natural History Report of 11: 361-392. K anagawa， 19: 39-48. (In Japanese with English summary) 一 一 一 一 ， 1950. Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and Rathbun， M .J. ， 1904.Decapod crustaceans of shrimp). A nnals of the South A 企ican M u the northwest coast of North America. 10. 210 pp. Harriman Alaska Expedition， s e u m， 38. 837 pp. Boschi ，E. E. ，1966. U n a neuva especie de Stimpson， W . ，1860. Crustacea macrura. Pars crustaceo decapodo caridea para las aguas VIII of prodromus descriptions animalium costeras de la provincia de Buenos Aires ， evertebratorum ，quae in expeditione ad A rgentina. Physis B ， Aires 26:83-88. (with O c e a n u m Pacificum septentrionalem ，a Cadwaladaro repubrica federate missa， English summary). Ringgold et Johanne Rodgers Ducibus ， D a n a， J.D. ， 1852. Crustacea， Part 1， In United observavit et descripsit. Proceedings ofthe States Exploring Expedition during t h e under Academy of Natural Science of Philadelyears 1838，1839，1840 ，1841 ，1842 ， the c o m m a n d ofCharles Wilkers ， U. S. N .， phia: 22- 47. L. G .， 1950.[A key to the shrimps， Vinogradov， 13.685pp. Glassell， S. A.， 1938.N e w and obscure decapod lobsters a n d crabs of the F a r Eastl . Iz vestiya Tikhookeanskogo NauchnoCrustacea from the west A merican coast. Transactions of the S a n Diego Sciety of Issledovateliskogo Instituta Ribnogo K hozyastva i Okeanographii， 33: 179-358. 8: 411- 454. Natural History， Hart ， (In Russian) J. F. L. ，1964. Shrimps of the genus Betαeus on the Pacific coast of the N orth Yokoya ，Y .，1927. Notes on two alpheoid America with descriptions of three n e w shrimps 企o m Japan. Journal ofthe C 0 1lege of Agriculture， Imperial University of species. Proceedings of the United States National M u s e u m ， Tokyo， 115: 431- 466. 9: 171-175. L. B.， 1952. The Crustacea Decapoda 一 一一一， 1936. S o m e rare and n e w species of Holthuis， Macrura ofChile.Reports ofthe Lund Unidecapod crustaceans found in the vicinity versity Chile Expedition 1948-49. Lunds of the Misaki Marine Biological Station. Universitets A rsskri氏 Japanese Journal ofZoology， ， N y olid A v d.2 ，47: 7: 129-146. 1-110. Y u， S.-C.，1930. D e u x nouvelles crevettes de Chine. Bulletin Societe Zoologique de Jensen ， G. C. ，1995. Pacific coast crabs and Califorshrimps. 87 pp. Sea Challengers ， France ， 55:454- 463. ma. Kingsley， J. S .，1878. A s戸lopsis of the North Addresses: (KN) Kushimoto Marine Park A merican Species of the genusA lp h e u s . Bulletin of the United States Geological Center，Arita ，Kushimoto ，W a k a y a m a 649・ 3514 ， Japan; (TK) Natural History M u s e u m Survey， 4: 189-199. K u b o， ， .1 1936. T w o n e w littoral macrurous and Institute ，Chiba，955 2 Aoba-cho ，C h u o Chiba 260 8682 ， Japan. crustaceans 企o m Japan. Journal ofthe Im- k u， Emails: (KN) alpheus.nomura@ ni氏y.ne.jp; 31: 47-54. perial Fisheries Institute ， Lockington ，W . N. ，1877. R e m a r k s on the (TK)
[email protected] Crustacea ofthe Pacific coast， with descripuseful suggestions. T h e manuscript w a s i m p r o v e d b y c o m m e n t s of K. B a b a of K u m a m o t o University， M . K. Wicksten of a n d t w o anonyTexas A & M University， m o u s referees.
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