Daftar Rujukan 1. Pratiwi ST Mikrobiologi farmasi. Erlangga : Jakarta ...

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Pratiwi S.T. Mikrobiologi farmasi. Erlangga : Jakarta, 2008:176-85. 2. Pintauli S, Hamada T. Menuju gigi & mulut sehat. Medan: USU Press, 2008 : 4-9. 3.
Daftar Rujukan

1. Pratiwi S.T. Mikrobiologi farmasi. Erlangga : Jakarta, 2008:176-85 2. Pintauli S, Hamada T. Menuju gigi & mulut sehat. Medan: USU Press, 2008 : 4-9 3. Chismirina S, Tjahajani A, Brotosoetarno S. Pembentukan mikrobial biofilm dalam rongga mulut. IJD 2006 ; 13(1) : 55-60 4. John D R, Charles F C, Naotake A, Nobuko M, Yasuko M. The Caries Phenomenon: A Timeline from Witchcraft and Superstition to Opinions of the 1500s to Today’s Science. Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Dentistry 2010 5. Armando R, Asman A. Memproduksi 15 minyak atsiri berkualitas. Penebar Swadaya : Jakarta, 2009:5-37 6. Koensoemardiyah S. A to z minyak atsiri untuk industri makanan, kosmetik dan aromaterapi. Penerbit ANDI : Yogyakarta, 2010:13-50 7. Novita. Efek antibakteri sediaan bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus yang diisolasi dari denture stomatitis. Skripsi, Medan : FKG USU, 2008. 8. Enayati D. Uji antimikroba ekstrak metanol bunga cengkeh terhadap bakteri penyebab karies gigi, Streptococcus mutans. Skripsi. Medan : FKG USU, 2009. 9. Yasni S. Potensi pemanfaatan dan pengembangan jintan hitam (Nigella sativa L.) untuk kesehatan tubuh. Bogor : IPB, 2010. 10. Lutony T.L.,Rahmayati Y. Produksi Dan Perdagangan Minyak Atsiri. Penerbit Penebar Swadaya : Jakarta, 2000:4-73

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11. Sastrohamidjojo H. Kimia minyak atsiri. Gadjah Mada University Press : Yogyakarta, 2004:1-23 12. Gunawan D, Mulyani S. Ilmu obat alam (Farmakognosis) jilid 1. Penebar Swadaya : Jakarta, 2004:106-27 13. Guenther, E. Minyak Atsiri. Ketaren, R.S. Terjemahan. Jilid I. Jakarta : Penerbit Universitas Indonesia, 2000:448-93 14. Roser D. Bawang putih untuk kesehatan. Atmadja DS. Terjemahan. Jakarta : PT. Bumi Aksara, 2002:59-71. 15. Yuniastuti K. Ekstraksi dan identifikasi komponen sulfida pada bawang putih : Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Semarang : Semarang, 2006. 16. Evennett K. Khasiat Bawang Putih. Wijaya L. Terjemahan. Jakarta : Penerbit Arcan, 2006:2-5. 17. Sentra Informasi IPTEK. Tanaman Obat Indonesia. (8 Agustus 2011) 18. Wikipedia. Alliinase. < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliinase> (8 Agustus 2011) 19. Carson JF. Chemistry and biological properties of onions and garlic. Food Reviews International 1987;(3):71 – 103 20. Ross Z M et. all. Antimicrobial properties of garlic oil against human enteric bacteria : evaluation of methodologies and comparisons with garlic oil sulfides and garlic powder. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2001 : 475-80. 21. Raghavenra H, Diwakr BT, Lokesh BR, Naidu KA. Eugenol—The active principle from cloves inhibits 5-lipoxygenase activity and leukotriene-C4 in

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human PMNL cells. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes & Essential Fatty Acids 2006;(74):23-7 22. Modelindo. 10 Tanaman herbal alami yang dapat menghilangkan bau badan. (8 Agustus 2011) 23. Wikipedia. Eugenol. < http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenol> (8 Agustus) 24. Arora-Daljit S, Kaur J. Antimicrobial activity of spices. Int. J. Antimicrob Agents 2000;(12):257-62. 25. Saeed S, Tariq P. Invitro antibacterial activity of clove against gram negative bacteria. Pak. J. Bot 2008;40(5): 2157-60 26. Ehow. Uses of clove oil . < http://www.ehow.com/about_5370364_uses-cloveoil.html > (28 Januari 2011) 27. Aisyah S. Perbedaan daya hambata pasta gigi yang mengandung propolis dan bunga cengkeh terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Skripsi.Medan:FKG USU, 2011. 28. Aneja K R, Joshi R. Antimicrobial Activity of Syzygium aromaticum and Its Bud Oil Against Dental Caries Causing Microorganisms. Ethnobotanical Leaftes 2010;(14) : 960-75. 29. Prajualita

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31. Ramadan MF, Morsel JT. Neutral lipid classes of black cumin seed oils 2002;(4):240-4 32. Jukic M, Politeo O, Maksimovic M, Milos M, Milos M. In vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone. Phytotherapy Research 21(3):259-61. 33. Mansi KMS. Effects of oral administration of water extract of Nigella sativa on the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis in experimental diabetes. Intl. J.Pharmacol 2 2006;(1): 104 – 9. 34. Gilani AH, Jabeen Q, Khan MAU. A review of medicinal uses and pharmacological activities of Nigella sativa. Departemen of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 7 2004;(4): 441 – 51. 35. Landa P, Marsik P, Vanek T, Rada R, Kokoska L. In vitro anti-microbial activity of extracts from the callus cultures of some Nigella species. Biologia, Bratislava 2006: 285-8. 36. Bhatia R, Ichpujani RL. Microbiology for dental students 3rd ed. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher : New Delhi, 2003:72-5 37. Bachtiar EW. Prospek vaksinasi dalam pencegahan karies dengan antigen hasil rekayasa protein dinding sel streptococcus mutans. Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 1997;(4): 641-7 38. Nasution M. Pengantar mikrobiologi. USU Press : Medan, 2010:94-105

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39. Darout IA, Albandar JM, Skaug N, Au RW. Salivary microbiota levels in relation to periodontal status, experience of caries and miswak use in. Sudanese adults. J. Clin Periodontal 2002; 411-20 40. Kemas A. Rancangan Percobaan Aplikatif. Jakarta:PT Raja Grafindo, 2005:11-2 41. Zuridah H, Fairuz ARM, Zakri AHZ, Rahim MNA. In vitro antibacterial activity of nigella sativa against Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa, K.pneumoniae, E. coli and B. cereus. Asian J of Plant Sci 2008: 1-3 42. Salman MT, Khan RA, Shukla I. Antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa linn. Seed oil agains multi-drug resistant bacteris from clinical isolates. Nat Pro Rad 2008; 7:10-4 43. White I, Oshima L, Leswana ND. Antimicrobial activity Micro propagation Peperomia tetraphylia. Journal of Medicine, 2007; 1(1).

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