Detailed Program of the
2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHOTONICS IN SWITCHING
2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHOTONICS IN SWITCHING October 16th,2006 –October 18th, 2006 Capsis Beach Hotel, Heraklion, Greece
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ñ
Photonics in Switching General Organization
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PS 2006 at a glance
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Plenary presentations
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Stategic Sessions
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Agenda of the sessions
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Author and Chair Index
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General information
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Organized and supported by the University of Peloponnese
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2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHOTONICS IN SWITCHING
MONDAY, OCTOBER 16th, 2006 P.09 Photonic power: delivering power over fiber for optical networks Dr. Jan-Gustav Werthen, Engineering Director and Mort Cohen, Product Line Manager Photonic Power Business Unit, JDSU Corporation P.10 A WDM Optical Backplane with AWG Based Passive Routing E.D. Kyriakis-Bitzaros2,1, E. Grivas1, G. Halkias1, S. Katsafouros1, P. Dumon3, G. Morthier3, R. Baets3, T. Farell4, N. Ryan4, I. McKenzie5, and E. Armadillo5 1:NCSR Demokritos, Institute of Microelectronics, Agia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece. 2:TEI of Piraeus, Dept. of Electronics, Egaleo, Greece, 3:University of Ghent, INTEC, Ghent, Belgium. 4:Intune Technologies, Dublin, Ireland. 5:ESA/ESTEC, Nordwijk, The Netherlands
P.11 All-Optical Circular Shift Register Using Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers Young Min Jhon1, Jae Hun Kim1,2, Young Tae Byun1, Seok Lee1, Deok Ha Woo1, Sun Ho Kim1 Photonics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok, Seongbuk, Seoul 136-791, Korea Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania, State University at University Park, USA
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All-Optical Circular Shift Register Using Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers Young Min Jhon1, Jae Hun Kim1,2, Young Tae Byun1, Seok Lee1, Deok Ha Woo1, Sun Ho Kim1 1
Photonics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok, Seongbuk, Seoul 136-791, Korea;
[email protected] 2 Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University at University Park;
[email protected]
Abstract: An all-optical circular shift register based on semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is experimentally realized. Left bit shifting is performed for three times, in which a single stage consists of two SOAs. Keywords: all-optical, shift register, SOA 1. Introduction Recently, the number of Internet users and the amount of data and information have increased enormously. Also, demands for high-speed and high-capacity logic operations are still growing without upper limit. However, in near future, the current communication systems based on electronics will face the barriers of the operation speed and the capacity. Compared to the electronics-based systems, optical communication systems show the advantages of faster speed and larger capacity. However, even though many researchers have been working on the optical signal processing area [1, 2], optical signal processing is only in its basic stage compared to electronic signal processing. In this paper, a bit shift register, one of the most essential signal processing operation in electronics, is optically realized by using semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). Total of three complete left circular bit shifting operations have been successfully performed.
the first bit empty, the first bit (leftist bit) of the data is extracted. The output from SOA-1 is delayed by 7-bit. By using SOA-2, the data without the original first bit is generated. This data is shifted to left by one bit with delay and combined with the 7-bit-delayed SOA-1 output signal. The total combined output results in one-bit circular left shift. As shown in Fig. 2(b), an ideal circular left shift register is such that the output from the first stage is feedbacked to the beginning of the first stage for repeated shifting until stopping signal is on. However, we have performed the shifting operation with repeated patterns without stopping signals instead of using stopping signals with a single data pattern to avoid technical difficulties for generating and detecting a single data pattern. Pseudo-Clock (Pump) Data (Probe)
10000000
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Delay
SOA-2 11010100 10101000 Pump
Output
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10101001
One Bit Shift
(a) Clock (Pump)
2. Basic Concept and Operation Bit shift registers are, at large, divided into four categories: right shift, left shift, circular right shift, and circular left shift. The right shift or the left shift is one-bit shifting to the right or to the left with either zero or one fill-in for empty bit. The circular shift is one-bit shifting to the right or to the left with pulled-out bit fill-in. Figure 1 shows the left circular shift register, which shifts the data by one bit and fills in the empty bit with the leftist bit before shifting.
01111111
SOA-1 11010100
Data (Probe) 01111111
SOA-1 New Input data
11010100
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(b) Fig. 2. (a) One single stage of circular left shift register. (b) An ideal circular left shift register.
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We have performed the circular left shifting with multiple stages of shifting operation using repeated data pattern without stopping signals.
Fig. 1. Left circular bit shifting. Figure 2 (a) shows one single stage of the left circular bit shifting based on all-optical processing. The primary operation mechanism is the gain saturation of the SOA [3]. By using SOA-1 with the psuedo-clock signal, which has
3. Experiments and Results For the experiments, three single-stages are used to show the circular left shifting up to three bits. Figure 3 shows how the data and pseudo-clock signals are generated with
after 3-bit data shifting is around 5 dB. With the same concept as the circular left shifting register, a circular right shifting register can also be performed by simply varying the pseudo-clock signal and the delay length of the output signals as shown in Fig. 6.
our pattern generator. 1.0 Gbps
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Fig. 5. Input and output signals (1 ns/div.)
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11111110
SOA-1 01100101
(b) Fig. 3. Signal Generation: (a) Data, and (b) Clock.
Clock B
Modulator EDFA-1
Cir. 1
SOA-1 Input Data A
PPG
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Signal Analyzer
00110010 Pump
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Fig. 6. One single stage of circular right shifting register. 4. Conclusions In this paper, a circular bit shifting register, one of the most essential signal operation unit in electronics, is optically realized by using semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). Optical signals with 1 Gbps speed are used. A single stage consists of two SOAs for circular shifting and a total of three stages have been realized to obtain three-bit clrcular bit shifting.
1 Bit
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SOA-2 01100101
The generated signals are sent into the first stage (shown in Fig. 4) to obtain the one-bit circular left shifting. Optical signals with 1 Gbps speed are used. A single stage consists of two SOAs for circular shifting. The output from the first stage sent into the second stage to obtain the two-bit circular left shifting compared to the original signal. With the same method, three-bit circular left shifting is obtained compared to the original data before shifting.
DFB LD
00000001
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5. References
Shifted Bit Sequence PD
010101001
New Stage
Fig. 4. Experimental setup for circular left shifting. Figure 5 shows the input signals and bit-shifted output signals. The pseudo-clock signal with 01111111 pattern and data with 10101100 are used. With the first stage of circular left shifting register, the output signal of 01011001 is obtained. Through the second and third circular shifting register, the outputs with the pattern of 10110010 and 01100101. The output signal of 3 bit shifted data is slightly distorted compared to the original data after passing through multiple stages. However, it is still clear enough to show distinguishable on-off signals. The extinction ratio
1 G. Gavioli, and P. Bayvel: “Novel 3R regenerator based on polarization switching in a semiconductor optical amplifier-assisted fiber Sagnac interferometer”, IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett., 15 (2003), 1261. 2 T. Fjelde, A. Kloch, D. Wolfson, B. Dagens, A. Coquelin, I. Guillemot, F. Gaborit, F. Poingt, and M. Renaud: “Novel scheme for simple label-swapping employing XOR logic in an integrated interferometric wavelength converter”, IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett., 13 (2001), 750. 3. J. H. Kim, Y. M. Jhon, Y. T. Byun, S. Lee, D. H. Woo, and S. H. Kim: “All-Optical XOR Gate Using Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers without Additional Input Beam”, IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett., 14 (2002), 1436.
