Developed by Anurudh K. Singh, International ...

FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL ORGANISATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS TECHNICAL COOPERATION PROGRAMME

Country: NEPAL Title of the Proposal: Establishment of a National Genebank in Nepal for Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources Lead Institute: National Agricultural Research Institute, Khumaltar, Nepal Cooperating institute: 1. Department of Plant Resources, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation 2. National Animal Science Research Institute, NARC Government Ministry Responsible: Ministry of Agriculture, Government of Nepal Staring date: January 2008; of continuous nature

Developed by Anurudh K. Singh, International Consultant FAO Representative Office, Kathmandu, Nepal

Contents Executive Summary 1. BACKGROUND 2. RATIONAL 2.1 Present Status: Gaps and Needs 2.2 Objective 2.3 Ex Situ Conservation Approaches 2.4 Most Suitable Approach 3. TECHNICAL PROPOSAL FRAMEWORK 3.1 Site Selection 3.2 Infrastructure Development 3.3 Building Layout Plan 3.4 Budgetary Requirement 3.5 Work Plan 3.6 Expected Outcome of the Project 3.7 Project Impact on National Agricultural Research System 3.8 Future Perspective 3.9 References 4. PROPOSAL FOR FURTHER STRENGTHENING OF FACILITIES 5. ANNEXURE 5.1 Annexure I. Methodology Used for Development of Proposal as per National Requirements 5.2 Annexure II. Summary of information collected from various stakeholders 5.3 Annexure III. Building Layout Plan 5.4 Annexure IV. Detailed Budgetary Requirement (in Nepali Rupees & US 5.5 Annexure V. Work Plan (starting from January 2008) 5.6 Annexure VI. Technical Specification for Genebank and Equipments 5.7 Annexure VII. The list of suppliers of specialized equipments

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Nepal is very rich in plant biodiversity represented by more than 5,636 species of flowering plants. It is also rich in crop diversity for crops like rice, minor millets, vegetables and fruits like Citrus and banana. However, despite its economic importance, the diversity is being lost at a very fast pace and needs to be conserved. As per some estimates, around 60 medicinal and aromatic plant species are under various levels of threat in Nepal and require immediate attention. Therefore, before the genetic resources are lost from farms, fields and forests, it is pertinent to establish a National Genebank that would have facilities to conserve the plant genetic resources. The conservation can be achieved using conventional seed storage at low temperature and relative humidity, and need based alternative method of conservation, such as, in vitro culture method for vegetatively propagated crops and cryo-preservation in case of tree species with recalcitrant seeds. In the absence of conservation facilities, at present the genetic resources are being maintained by regular regeneration. During regeneration, selection pressures are altering the genetic structure and thereby genetic erosion occurs in presently available germplasm. Establishment of a genebank will enable maintaining genetic integrity and viability of stored seeds for a long time. It will save efforts and resources spent on regeneration and facilitate their effective conservation in costeffective manner. Additionally, it will help evaluation of germplasm under controlled conditions with sufficient pathogenic/ abiotic pressure for assessing their potential value. For assessment of the national need, the feedback provided by various stakeholders helped in development of a proposal with facilities to support effective conservation of plant genetic resources, using complementarity of various approaches and also, support characterization and evaluation of germplasm, that would ensure their availability with desired information and facilitate their use in research and crop improvement efforts. The developed proposal is limited to the establishment of a National Genebank with basic facilities with sanctioned budget 15.00 million Nepali Rupees for building and another 10.00 million for equipments, to be provided by Nepal Government. It would meet the present needs and have scope for further expansion with inclusion of remaining facilities that would strengthen effective conservation plant genetic resources using various approaches in a complementary manner in the long run. This proposal provides for the establishment of a building structure which includes laboratories for seed processing and tissue culture, as well as a computer/documentation laboratory and administrative premises. The fully equipped conservation and multiplication facilities comprise: •

a seed bank with capacity to hold 20,000 to 25,000 accessions in long-term storage conditions and 5,000 to 7,000 accessions in short-term storage conditions;

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an in-vitro repository room to hold 1,500 accessions;

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a field genebank with capacity to hold about 150 accessions of diverse species;

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greenhouse, crop-work area and field facilities for multiplication, characterization, evaluation and regeneration of accessions.

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The availability of these facilities will offer opportunities for ex situ conservation of wild species and their populations, and genetic diversity of crop species that is under threat or at the verge of extinction. The availability of genetic resources with information on desirable features will offer opportunities to the breeders to overcome various yield reducing factors and develop superior varieties and hybrids in various crops, increasing national production, thereby creating food, fodder and nutritional security. Evaluation of newly collected and conserved germplasm will help search of new genes and alleles. Availability of original nucleus seeds of high yielding varieties will help in their multiplication to meet the disaster situation. Development of a technical proposal for the establishment of a genebank to facilitate long-term conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture with the assistance from FAO on the request of Ministry of Agriculture, Government of Nepal has been appreciated in all the circles of National Agricultural Research System, including the Honorable Minister, Mr. Chabi Lal Vishvkarma, Union Minister for Agriculture and Cooperatives and the National Press.

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TECHNICAL COOPERATION PROGRAMME FOR DEVELOPMENT OF PROPOSAL FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF GENEBANK IN NEPAL 1. BACKGROUND In Nepal, according to Master Plan of Forestry Sector (1988) about 54 per cent of the land is under vegetation, of which 37 per cent is under forest cover with 10 per cent under crown cover, 12 per cent under grassland and five per cent under shrub or degraded forest. About 118 vegetation types (Dobremez, 1972) and about 35 forest types (Stainton, 1972) have been reported. The plant diversity is represented by more than 5,636 species of flowering plants (Anonymous, 2006). Of the total flora, only 5 per cent are endemic to Nepal, and about 30 per cent to the Himalaya (Malla, 1999). Nepal is also very rich in crop diversity, particularly in food crops like rice, minor millets, vegetables and fruits like Citrus and banana, providing a reservoir of genes that can be used in genetic improvement of cultivated species. However, despite the recognition of direct economic importance of the species diversity and indirect importance of genetic diversity within crop species in genetic improvement of cultivated species for sustainable agricultural development, this diversity is being lost at a very fast pace and need to be conserved ex situ, before it is lost for ever, particularly in countries like Nepal, whose economy is predominantly agricultural based. 2. RATIONALE Traditional agro-ecosystems in Nepal were rich in diversity of crops and crop varieties. However, intensification of agriculture has been causing severe erosion of genetic diversity in crops. Numerous locally adapted traditional varieties of rice, pulses, fruits, vegetables and other crops have been replaced by modern varieties responsive to intensive agriculture, thus making traditional varieties and diversity gradually disappear. Also, over exploitation of wild herbaceous annual and biennial species, particularly used for food, medicine and ornamental purposes and overgrazing on grasslands have been causing loss of plant species as well as their genetic diversity. As per one of the estimates, around 60 medicinal and aromatic plant species are under various levels of threat in Nepal and require immediate attention for conservation (Anonymous, 2006). This situation demands that efforts be made for collection of available species and their genetic diversity, particularly in case of economically important plants and crop species and conserve them under controlled ex situ conservation facilities that would facilitate their availability for posterity and immediate use in research and genetic improvement. To achieve the above objective a National Genebank is the need of hour with facilities to conserve the plant genetic resources using conventional seed storage at low temperature and relative humidity, and if required using alternative method of conservation, such as, in vitro culture, in case of vegetatively propagated crops and cryo-preservation in case of tree species with recalcitrant seeds, before they are lost from farm, fields and forests. This would ensure the availability of these valuable genetic resources for their use in genetic improvement of economically important species to increase their productivity on per unit area basis, providing food, fodder and nutritional security to ever-growing population.

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2.1 Present Status: Gaps and Needs Department of Plant Resources, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation has inventoried the plant diversity available in Nepal. It has also identified the economically important plant species that are under various levels of threats and have made some efforts for their protection by banning their collection (Anonymous, 2006). However, nothing or very little is done with regard to their ex situ conservation. With regard to plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, the Genetic Resources Unit located at the Division of Agricultural Botany, Nepal Agricultural Research Institute has around 10,000 accessions belonging to various crops. In addition, a large number of accessions are available with different crop improvement programs. At present, these are being stored in conventional seed stores. The Seed Division of Nepal Agricultural Research Institute has non-functional medium-term storage facility. In the absence of effective conservation (storage) facilities, the above accessions are being maintained by regular regeneration. Regeneration cycles may bring about genetic changes, because of various selection pressures, altering the original genetic structure, and even loss of accessions under adverse conditions, eroding presently available germplasm. This scenario demands, establishment of a genebank with storage facilities that will enable maintaining viability and genetic integrity of stored seeds and will save efforts and resources spent on regeneration of accessions. In addition, there is lack of facilities for evaluation of germplasm under sufficient pathogenic/ abiotic pressure for assessing their potential value against different stresses. This also demands establishment of facilities like greenhouses for characterization and evaluation of germplasm to identify of sources of resistance against various stresses, in addition to their multiplication. 2.2 Objective Develop a technical proposal for the establishment of a genebank to facilitate long-term conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. 2.3 Ex Situ Conservation Approaches During the last decades, a number of national and international institutions have made great efforts towards the conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture using ex situ approaches. The ex situ conservation approaches can be classified into: I. Plant conservation: Botanical garden, herbal garden, arboreta etc. II. Seed conservation: Storage of orthodox seeds with low moisture content in a low temperature-controlled environment. III. In vitro conservation: Maintenance of aseptic cultures of cell, tissue and organs IV. Cryopreservation: Preservation of desiccation sensitive seed, organ and cultures using cryogenics V. DNA conservation: Storage of genomic DNA, DNA libraries, constructs etc. at very low temperatures Following above approaches as per the objectives, the collections can be conserved as base collections on long-term basis for posterity or as active collections, which are immediately available for multiplication and distribution for use in research and crop improvement. 2.4 Most Suitable Approach More than 90 per cent of plant species produces orthodox seeds (Hong et al., 1996; Pritchard and Dickie, 2001), which can be desiccated to a very low moisture level without adversely affecting the seed-viability and genetic constitution and if stored at low temperature can remain viable for 6

long period. Therefore, science-based storage of seed for ex situ conservation of PGR has been the safest and cheapest method. To minimise the alteration in genetic structure and loss of viability in germplasm accessions during storage, the seed genebanks need to follow internationally recognized genebank standards (Ellis et al., 1985; FAO/IPGRI, 1994). The base collections are stored in modules maintained at -18 to -200C. The combination of low seed moisture content and low storage temperatures minimise the metabolic activities and enable the seed to retain viability for 50 to 100 years. Active collections are stored in modules maintained at 4 to 100C and 30 to 40 per cent relative humidity (RH) or in short-term stores maintained at 20+50 C temperature and 40+5 per cent RH. Under these conditions, seeds are expected to remain viable for at least 15 to 25 and 5 to 6 years respectively. For both types of collections, seed is required to be processed after validating physical and genetic purity, assessment of seed health, viability and seed moisture content (ISTA, 2005a & b). In most crops, only seed samples with more than 85 per cent viability are processed. For long-term storage, the seed moisture content is brought down to 3 to 7 per cent, while for medium- and short-term storage the moisture content is brought down to 8 to 10 per cent. For long-term conservation, the preferable size of accession is 2000 seeds in case of selfpollinated and 4000 in case of cross-pollinated crops. While in short- and medium-term stores large quantities of working collections are preferred to meet the requirement of distribution of germplasm for use. The base and active collections are being regularly monitored for the seed viability, seed quantity, seed health etc. at recommended intervals of 10 and 5 years respectively. For processing of seed as per the genebank standards, it is desired to have appropriate laboratory facilities and storage space with controlled conditions that would allow their storage on long-term basis, maintaining collections true to its original type (IBPGR, 1982). In addition, to facilitate conservation of difficult plant species, facilities would be required for (i) conservation of whole plants in botanical garden; (ii) conservation of explants or propagules of vegetatively propagated plant species in vitro, using tissue culture techniques; (iii) preservation of seeds or excised embryo of recalcitrant seeds using cryogenic technique and (iv) even to store DNA molecule in various form. The methodology used for identification of gaps and needs for conservation of plant genetic resources and to develop a technical proposal for establishment of genebank facilities that will enable effective conservation of this national heritage are illustrated in Annexure I. Annexure II presents a summary of results consequent to responses to the questionnaire. 3. TECHNICAL PROPOSAL FRAMEWORK Based on discussions with various authorities at the Agriculture Ministry and Nepal Agricultural Research Council, it was found that at present a sum of 15.00 million Nepali Rupees for building and another 10.00 million for equipments have been budgeted by the Government of Nepal for setting up a National PGRFA Genebank facility. National authorities requested FAO to develop a technical proposal for the establishment of a National PGRFA Genebank with basic facilities which can be subsequently expanded. The basic facilities should support effective conservation of plant genetic resources using, when required, complementary approaches, as well as germplasm characterization and evaluation activities, in order to ensure availability and accessibility of stored materials and related information to national research and crop improvement programs. This proposal focuses on needs and requirements for the establishment of a National Genebank with basic facilities. In section 4 additional facilities which may further strengthen the National Genebank are also summarized.

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3.1 Augmentation of PGR Holdings While the conservation facilities are developed in the form of National Genebank, recognizing the pace of erosion of species diversity and genetic diversity available in the form of traditional varieties of various crops, it would be prudent to launch collection expeditions after appropriate gap analysis to collect the available genetic resources from different parts of the country. There can be at least two collection missions per year to cover the rainy and post rainy season crops and they should be organized in collaboration with crop specialists to collect distinct and desirable variability. To cover greater number of crops they should be multi-crop collection mission. It is advised that the Genetic Resources Unit at Division of Agricultural Botany, NARI may develop a plant exploration and collection plan for next five years listing the priority areas and species. 3.2 Site Selection To meet the conceptual requirement for a genebank with regard to location (easy access to users, to market for spare and repair), regular power supply, safety, the National Genebank would be atKhumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal′ Ambient Temp range : Minus 50C to plus 350C Altitude: Approx. 2300 meters above sea level. 3.3 Infrastructure Development To have infrastructural support for carrying out various activities that would facilitate storage of seed material and maintain either whole plant or plant part carrying functional unit of heredity. It is proposed to erect following facilities under different heads. 3.3.1 BUILDING 3.3.1.1 Administrative Offices Type a. Officer-in-charge Office (with attached rest room, see plan) b. Administrative staff office space c. Storage space (for records & valuable equipments) d. Rest room (two- for man and woman) e. Visitors room f. Scientific (crop group curators) office space (divided into cubical)

Size 15′ x 20′ 15′ x 30′ 10′ x 10′ 10′ x 15′ 10′ x 10′ 15′ x 75′

Structure: Design (see building lay-out plan) Furniture: a. Executive table (one big; twelve medium); b. Chairs (one executive and 25 normal); c. Other need-based furniture; d. Need-based Book-shelf; e. Need-based Electrical fittings 3.3.1.2 Laboratories a. SEED PROCESSING LABORATORY: • Separate tables for conducting functions of dry lab- seed material examination, cleaning, germplasm characterization and evaluation observation and seed packaging • Separate table to carry out functions of wet lab- seed viability testing through germination test, seed moisture content determination and initial seed drying etc. Structure: Design; Size: 25′ x 45′ (see building lay-out plan) 8

Capacity: Processing of 2000 accessions annually, including new, for monitoring and distribution Furniture Working Table, Quantity (two); Size- 15′ x 5′x 3′ (L x W x H); with 2' deep cupboard on either side and 1' vacant space in the centre for electrical, water and gas pipe fitting); one would have space for sink; Small executive tables for technical staff (three); Chairs (six); Stools (six); Need-based Electrical fittings; Sink in wet-portion Equipments Seed blower (Optional); Seed counter (Optional); Seed germinator; Deep freezer (Optional); Oven; Incubator (Optional); Moisture meter; Ph meter; Domestic Grinder; Distillation plant b. TISSUE CULTURE LABORATORY Separate balance and media preparation area (see building lay-out plan) Structure: Design; Size: 25′ x 25′ (see building lay-out plan) Capacity: Processing of 50 new accession; sub-culturing and maintenance 2,500 cultures annually Furniture Working Table, Quantity (one); Size- 15′ x 5′ x 3' (L x W x H); with 2' deep cupboard on either side and 1' vacant space in the centre for electrical, water and gas pipe fitting); & a sink on one end; Executive tables for technical staff (two); Chairs (four); Stools (four); Need-based Electrical fittings; Sink in table Equipments Autoclave; Grave-metric Balance; Binocular Microscope (research); Dissecting microscope; Pipettes etc.; Horizontal laminar flow hood; Dish washer; Growth chamber; Lighted racks c. COMPUTER OR DOCUMENTATION LABORATORY Structure: Design; Size: 15′ x 15′ (see building lay-out plan) Capacity: Annually it will document information on about 500 accessions and maintain/ update information on 10,000 to 15,000 accessions. It would facilitate information documentation and dissemination about the conserved germplasm to promote use of plant genetic resources in research and crop improvement. Furniture Working Table, Quantity (three); Size- 10′ x 2′ x 3′ (L x W x H); with 2' deep cupboard; Executive tables for technical staff (one); Chairs (four)); Need-based Electrical fittings Equipments Computer with server for local area network; Computers; Central printer; Scanner; Internet, e-mail services etc. 3.3.1.3 Genebank/conservation facilities a. SEED BANK

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Basic principle: When collections are small and sub-zero temperatures are required, chest or upright freezers are a cheaper option for seed storage. In upright freezers, containers that fit into shelves or boxes holding individual containers can be used to store accessions. A coding system can be used to locate accession, by assigning freezer number, row number and shelf/box number. Where the collections are large walk-in cold store is the option. In these racks are used to store the material. Each rack is divided into a number of shelves. Small containers or aluminum foil bags can be held in trays and placed on the shelves. For National Genebank of Nepal, recognizing that presently they have only 10,000 accessions for long-term conservation, vertical de-freezers appeared most appropriate. While for active/working collections, recognizing the budget constraints and difficulties experienced in maintenance of medium-term stores, it is proposed to have short-term store with conventional insulation, false roofing and domestic air conditioning and dehumidification to maintain low temperatures and relative humidity. Long-Term Store Room housing De-freezers ▪ Type Vertical ▪ TEMPERATURE UPTO -20C ▪ Housing space: size 25′ x 45′ = 1125 sq ft plinth area ▪ Storage capacity: Floor area 975 sq ft Usable area 500 sq ft after leaving one-meter path between the rows of fridge Total rows 6; each row with maximum of 18 fridge; Total fridge = 100 Each fridge will hold 200-250 accessions depending on size of seed and breeding nature of accession Total capacity = 20,000 to 25,000 accessions Accession size: 2000 seeds in self-pollinated & 4000 in cross-pollinated crops It is advised that while long-term conservation facilities are under construction, the available 10,000 accessions with Genetic Resources Unit, Division of Agricultural Botany in conventional stores are multiplied in sufficient quantity as per the international standards and kept ready for storage on commissioning of facilities (if, required the vertical de-freezers may be bought in two phases). Note The space to house these freezers would preferably require proper air circulation with the help exhausts or airdissipation mechanism to maintain lower internal temperature, that would facilitate the effective functioning of cabinets and restrict heating of the area.

Short-Term Store ▪ Size: 25′ x 40′ x 9′ (L x B x H) = 9,000 f3 ▪ Of the total 25' x 55’ plinth area only 25' x 40' would be converted into short-term store of above dimensions (see plan) with insulation of thermo-col / puff sheet/ other insulating material and false roofing of the same material (to reduce volume), ▪ Domestic air-conditioning and dehumidification. ▪ Conditions: 20+/- 50C. and 40+/- RH ▪ Partition space for compressor of split AC, dehumidifier and stand-by generator 7' x 25' (see plan). ▪ An ante-room at the entrance with space for seed-drying cabinet and packet sealing 7' x 25' (see plan) machine ▪ Storage capacity: 25' x 40' = 1000' plinth area; Floor area = 850' 10

Usable area after insulation = 750 sq ft Leaving one-meter path between the rows of racks and back to back in central portion, it will have 7 rows of racks of 5' x 2' x 6' (L x W x H); each row with maximum of 7 racks; Total racks = 50 including fixed racks in path; each rack would have four shelves Each rack will hold on an average of 100 - 200 plastic containers with 1-5 kg of seeds Total capacity = 5,000 – 7000 accessions Accession size: 1-5 kg seeds Equipments Two split AC of 2 tones each (to be operated in summers); Dehumidifier (portable, if large one can not be afforded); Fixed or Moveable racks (alternatively slotted angle racks); Seed drying cabinet; Sealing machine; Trolley carts; Diesel generator set for un-interrupted power supply b. IN VITRO REPOSITORY ▪ An insulated room with false roofing and ante-room ▪ Structure: Design (see annexure); ▪ Storage capacity: Size of room: 25' x 20' = 500 sq ft plinth area Floor area = 425 sq ft After insulation usable = 350 sq ft Leaving one-meter path between lighted racks, it will have 6 rows of three racks each Total racks available after leaving space for ante-room = 15 Each rack will have shelves of 5' x 2', a space for 25 accessions with 5 samples of each Each rack will accommodate around 100 accessions Total capacity 1500 accessions/ 7500 culture tubes/bottles/samples Equipments Domestic air-conditioners (two 2 tones each) to maintain temperature conditions around 20+ 50 C.; Air filters; Lighted racks Quantity (20); Made of slotted angle with adjustable partitioning, three fluorescent tube lights below each partition, fixed; Glassshouse facilities to facilitate plant conditioning/ hardening and establishment The building will need an earthquake-proof, fire and flood-proof structure of appropriate size to house the components given above and associated machinery. c. FIELD GENEBANK It would support conservation of live plants, particularly of the perennial horticultural spp. like Citrus, banana and the species that are reported to be under threat as reported by stakeholders. It would also support evaluation of accessions for their potential value and clonal selection ▪ Size: Protected area of around 1 hectare ▪ Structure: Fenced ▪ Capacity: 150 accessions of diverse species Equipments Linked to greenhouse facilities to support establishment of plants; Mist chamber 3.3.1.4 Greenhouse, Crop-Work Area and Field Facilities For multiplication, characterization, evaluation and regeneration

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a. GREENHOUSE Glasshouse: with controlled conditions for off-season multiplication/grow-out test and to support establishment of plantlets produced under aseptic cultures Size: 20′ x 30' Capacity: 50 – 60 accessions, each with 2-3 plants in 12" pot Screen house: with 80 mm mesh for propagation and controlled pollination Size: 20′ x 30' Capacity: 50 – 60 accessions, each with 2-3 plants in 12" pot Equipments Desert cooler (may be needed only in summer); Heaters for controlled temperature ( in winters); Mister (for mist chamber) optional; Need-based Electrical fittings; Sink b. CROP-WORK AREA Facilities ▪ Covered floor for threshing & other post-harvest activities ▪ Stores (for farm equipments and seed material) ▪ Need-based Electrical fittings ▪ Sink ▪ Capacity to process 1500 accessions of various size

Size 20′ x 50' 15′ x 20'

c. FIELD FACILITIES It is suggested that for characterization and evaluation activities the field facilities be shared with crop improvement programs, which would help strengthening relationship between conservationist and breeders, and promote use. Equipments Thresher; Seed blower; Seed counter; Top-pan balance 3.3.1.5 Personnel Requirement A. Scientific Staff: 7 scientists to function as curator for major crop groups and the Chief to head the Genebank B. Technical Staff 9 technical staff to support curator, including computer application specialist, one Electrician and one refrigeration person D. Administrative Staff Four, including an accountant, secretarial assistance and store officer E. Support Staff 8 support staff two to support administration and six seed processing, field and greenhouse activities F. Contractual Labor On seasonal basis to support characterization, evaluation, multiplication and regeneration of collections 3.3.1.6 Technical Capacity building A. Collaborative Supportive Research (through external support) 12

Global Regional National B. Consultancy Based on specific requirements related to conservation of genetic resources (through external support) National: International: C. Human Resource Development a. Building of national expertise for running the facilities To facilitate effective use of the facilities, it is recommended that on commissioning of facilities the national program organize an in-service training for locally recruited staff. This my be organized with the assistance of resources person(s) qualified and experienced in various aspects of PGR management, particularly seed processing and development of tissue culture protocols. b. Strengthening national capacity By conducting in-house training of technical staff in maintenance and operation of genebank facilities at cooperating institutes By conducting in-house training of scientific staff in seed processing, use of alternative methods of conservation and management of plant genetic resources c. Faculty up-gradation program By sanding Genebank staff for advance training outside the country By sanding Genebank staff to attend international seminars and meetings dealing with conservation of plant genetic resources, particularly associated with seed storage 3.3.1.7 Other facilities A. Vehicle for transportation B. Communication facilities including fax, phone, internet connectivity C. Information dissemination and Photocopying machine 3.4 Building Layout Plan (For details see annexure III) 3.5 Budgetary Requirements (For details see annexure IV) BUDGET SUMMARY I. Establishment Cost I a. Works = 18,131,000 I b. Equipments = 12,394,800 I a + I b = Nepali Rs. 30,525,800 (476,966 US $) II. Recurring II a. Germplasm Collection and multiplication = 750,000 II b. Operational & maintenance = 5,480,000 II c. Salaries = 11,463,600 II d. Training and Travel = 1,050,000 13

II a + II b + II c + II d = 18,743,600 (292,589 US $) Grand total: I + II =30,525,800 + 18,743,600 = Nepali Rs. 49,269,400 (769,834 US $) 3.6 Work Plan (starting from January 2008) (For details, see annexure V) 3.7 Expected Outcome of the Project 1. Establishment of a National Genebank 2. It would initiate science-based effective and safe conservation of plant genetic resources following appropriate strategies, also in a complementary manner. 3. The facilities would ensure effective conservation of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 4. The availability of these facilities will offer opportunities for ex situ conservation of wild species and their populations, and genetic diversity of crop species that is under threat or at the verse of extinction. 5. Would establish linkages between in situ and ex situ conservation strategies drawing benefit of both 3.8 Project Impact on National Agriculture Research and Crop Improvement 1. The availability of genetic resources with desirable features will offer opportunities to the breeders to overcome various yield reducing factors and increase per unit area productivity and total production. 2. Use of conserved accessions will support development or superior varieties and hybrids in various crops. 3. Production of high yielding varieties using conserved genetic resources will increase national production, thereby creating food, fodder and nutritional security. 4. Evaluation of newly collected and conserved germplasm will help search of new genes and alleles. 5. Availability of original nucleus seeds of high yielding varieties will help in their multiplication to meet the disaster situation. 6. Availability of old traditional varieties would insure revitalization and promotion of environment friendly traditional production systems and varieties, if needed. 3.9 Future Perspective 1. The newly established facility, because of budgetary constraints would have only basic facilities. Therefore, the developed structure would have great future perspective for addition of remaining facilities, like cryo-preservation to follow complementary conservation strategy for effective conservation of total gene pool of a species using appropriate technology/methods in a complementary manner, and seed health laboratory for safe introduction of exotic genetic material following suitable quarantine procedures. 2. These facilities would be an inspiration to others and help in development or inclusion of conservation of other genetic resources, particularly the national animal and microbial genetic resources; a beginning would be possible using available facilities. 3. The establishment would also provide and impetus for search of new genes and alleles in forest and farms for their conservation before they are lost. 4. For further details see section 4. 3.10 References 1. Anonymous 2006. Plants of Nepal: Fact Sheet, Department of Plant Resources, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal 14

2. Dobremez, J.F. 1972. Le Nepal, ecologie et biogeography. CNRS, Paris 3. Ellis, R.H., Hong, T.D. and Roberts, E.H. 1985. Handbook of seed technology for genebanks. Volume 1. Principles and methodology. IBPGR, Rome. 4. FAO/IPGRI, 1994. Genebank standards. FAO and IPGRI, Rome. 5. Hong, T.D., Linington, S.H. and Ellis, R.H. 1996. Seed storage behaviour: A compendium. Handbooks for Genebanks No. 4. IPGRI, Rome. 6. IBPGR. 1982. Design of seed storage facilities for genetic conservation. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome. 7. International Seed Testing Association. 2005a. International Rules for Seed Testing. Seed Science and Technology 21, Supplement: 1-86. 8. International Seed Testing Association. 2005b. International Rules for Seed Testing. Seed Science and Technology 21, Supplement: 93-334. 9. Malla, S.B. An overview of plant genetic resources in Nepal. In: Wild Relatives of Cultivated Plants in Nepal, Rosemary Shrestha and Bhushan Shrestha (Eds.) The Green Energy Mission Nepal, Anaam Nagar, Kathmandu 10. Pritchard and Dickie, 2001 11. Stainton, J.D.A. 1972. Forest of Nepal. John Murray, London

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4. PROPOSALS FOR FURTHER STRENGTHING FACILITIES (SECOND PHASE) I. Cryo-bank The national program envisages using these facilities for ex situ conservation of even animal genetic resources Cryo-preservation Laboratory Separate working area and space to house cryo-tank Structure: Design Size: 45′ x 25′ Furniture Working Table (one big of 15′ x 5′ size); Executive tables for technical staff (one); Chairs (two); Stools (two); Need-based Electrical fittings; Sink in table Equipments Cryotank of various capacities; Grave-metric Balance; Dissecting microscope; Pipettes etc. II. Strengthening of Field Genebank ▪ Development of network project with field genebank in major phytogographic regions to support conservation of local genetic diversity and its evaluation ▪ Clonal Repository: For controlled conservation of valuable stocks/ clones III. Seed health laboratory (to support quarantine activities) For examination to facilitate diseases or pathogen-free conservation and safe introduction Presently these requirements can be taken care by seed processing lab and greenhouse facilities for grow-out test. With separate working, x-ray area etc. Size: 45′ x 25′ Structure: Design Furniture Working Table (one big of 15′ x 5′ size); Executive tables for technical staff (one); Chairs (two); Stools (two); Need-based Electrical fittings; Sink in table Equipments: Need based, starting from Magnifying lamp for seed examination; X-ray machine Post-quarantine area Some isolated area for growing out introduced material and regular quarantine inspection for safe release of exotic material Size: 1 acre Greenhouse: With controlled conditions for off-season multiplication/grow-out test Size: 20′ x 30′ Capacity: 50 – 60 accessions, each with 2-3 plants in 12" pot IV. Biotechnology laboratory (to facilitate application of molecular technology) Laboratory 16

With separate balance, Gel Electrophoresis and photography rooms Working table with a sink Fume-hood etc Structure: Design Size: 25′ x 45′ Furniture Working Table (one big of 15′ x 5′ size); Executive tables for technical staff (one); Chairs (two); Stools (two); Need-based Electrical fittings; Sink in table Equipments Grave-metric Balance; Pipettes etc.; Need-based equipments V. Library ▪ With need-based furniture VI. Museum ▪ With need-based furniture ▪ Live material for display in suitable cabinets and on wall VII. National Herbarium of Cultivated plants/ economic part ▪ Preparation of herbarium ▪ Herbarium cabinet ▪ Other equipment required for preparation of herbarium VIII. Conference room ▪ With need-based furniture ▪ Projection facilities IX. Lecture room ▪ With need-based furniture ▪ Teaching aids

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Annexure I Methodology Used for Developing the Proposal as per National Requirement To develop a technical proposal for the establishment of a genebank to facilitate long-term conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, based on scientific principles following approach was adopted1. Meeting and consultation with the concerned officials of the Government of Nepal, in particular those responsible for the short-term seed storage facility managed by Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC), policy makers and other selected stakeholders to discuss the priorities and strategy in the field of plant genetic resources and to identify specific needs and gaps in the conservation of plant genetic resources that should be addressed through a long-term ex situ facility. 2. Developed a questionnaire to collect information on the national requirement as per the perception of various stake holders in the country (A total 15 persons responded, including all the staff of Botany Division, NARI and one each from seed-company and Department of Plant Resources). 3. Collate all the information needed to prepare a technical proposal for the establishment of a genebank, including site, cost estimates based on local, regional international firms of genebank supplies and equipments. 4. Develop the technical proposal for the establishment of a genebank, including infrastructure facilities and equipment. Care was taken that the genebank is fully equipped for performing regular operations, including germplasm assembly, registration, seed cleaning, seed moisture content determination and drying, seed quality testing, seed packaging, seed storage at sub-zero temperatures, in-vitro conservation of plant tissues, and germplasm regeneration and also characterization and evaluation for assessment of potential value. 5. In selection of site, care have been taken to ensure general accessibility of location and its accessibility to regular power supply, spares and other facilities needed for effective maintenance and operation of genebank facilities. 6. A tentative budget has been prepared, including the costs related to establishment, equipments and recurring expenses required for regular operations and maintenance of the genebank. 18

Annexure II

Summary information collected from various stakeholders Based on Questionnaire for Establishment of Genebank in Nepal (Please answer the questions very precisely with hard data and details) I. Background information Please answer following: A. Number of higher plant species: 7000 B. Number of economically important species: 1796 C. Number of species cultivated for food & agriculture: 200 D. Name Major crop species and their wild relatives: Rice- Oryza nivara, O. ruffipogon, O. officinalis, O. granulata, Hygroryza aristata; Buckwheat- Fagopyrum cymosum; Millet – Paspalus scorbiculatum, Panicum miliaceum, Setaria italica Barley- H. spontaneum, H. agriocrithon, H. lagunculiforme; Cirtrus- Citrus latipes, C. medica Apple- Malus baccata, M. pumila, M. sikkmensis E. Species under threat (Please specify): Oryza nivara, O. officinalis, O. granulata, Paspalum scorbiculatum, Panicum, Hordeum nudum, Malus baccata II. Objective Identification: Please answer following to illustrate objectives as per your perception for the genebank A. Type of diversity to be conserved (i) Plant Biodiversity/ √Plant agro-biodiversity/ √Farm Animals (ii) Priority species (specify): Key crop species, underutilized crop species wild species and the species under threat B. Type of genetic material to be conserved (i) Plant/ Seed/ Propagules/ Tissue/ Pollen/ DNA/ √All C. Storage period required (i) √ Short-term Storage / Medium-term storage/ √Long-term storage/ All D. Storage load/Seed quantity to be stored (Accessions) 19

(i) Approximate No. of accession: 50,000 (ii) Accession size:

For self-pollinated spp: 3000-4000 seeds For cross-pollinated spp: 4000-12000 seeds

E. Ex-situ approaches to be applied (i) Live plants/ seed storage/ In-vitro culture/ Cyropreservation/DNA storage/ √All III. Capacity building for conservation – A. Conservation of live plant (i)

Field Genebank/ Clonal repository/ √ both

(ii)

No. of accessions: 2000

(iii) No. of plants per accession: Varied according to the species (iv) Facility required: √Up-gradation of existing facilities/ √Basic / Advance (Autocontrolled) B. Conventional seed storage (i) √Laboratory facilities for seed processing Activities: √ seed health/ √quality testing and packaging/ √supportive research (specify the type) Organization: Dry lab and wet lab (Independent /√Together) Quantum of work: (a)

Number of accession to be processed annually: 1000

(b) Number of accessions to be monitored annually: 100 Facilities: (a) √List furniture/ √equipment required with quantity (b)

Any special facility: Image analyzer

(c) Approximate size of lab. 35m2 (ii) Seed drying facilities: Present status and additional requirement No. of accessions to be processed: 1000 Capacity of cabinet: 100 (iii) Storage facilities: (a) Short-term storage: x Present status and √additional requirement Storage conditions: 160C with cooling facility Expected number of accessions to be processed: 500 (b) Medium-term Storage: Present status and additional requirement 20

Storage conditions √6

or 100 centigrade

•

Temperature: 4

•

Relative humidity: 30, 35, 40, √45 percent

8

Expected number of accessions to be processed ▪

No. of spp.: 6-7

▪

No. of accessions per spp.; 10-15

▪

Accession size: Varied according to the species

(c) Long-term: x Present status and √additional requirement Storage conditions •

Temperature: -15

-1 8

or √ -20oC

Expected number of accessions to be processed ▪

No. of spp.: 20-25

▪

No. of accessions per spp.: 30-40

▪

Accession size: Varied according to the species

C. Alternative/biotechnological methods required for conservation √In-vitro conservation/ √Cryopreservation /√DNA conservation C1. In-vitro conservation: xPresent status and √additional requirement (i) Expected number of accessions to be processed ▪

No. of species (Give example): 5-10 species; clonally propagated crops likebanana, mango, litchi, citrus, walnut, potato etc.

▪

No. of accession per spp.: 10-15

▪

Accession size: Varied according to the species

(ii) Laboratory/inoculation/media preparation room (Separate/ √Together) ▪

Size: 12’ x 20’/ √15’ x 30’/ any other specific requirement

▪

Equipment required:

List: Laminar flow, Autocalve, Incubator, PH meter,

Oven, Balance, Stirrer, Hot plate, Gas facilities etc. ▪

Size of repository: √10’ x 10’/ 12’ x 15’/ 15’ x 30’

(iii) Technical expertise : Tissue culture experte C II. Cryopreservation: x Present status and √additional requirement (i) Expected number of accessions to be processed ▪

No. of species (Give example): 5-10

▪

No. of accession per spp.: 10-15 21

▪

Accession size: Varied according to the species

(ii) Laboratory and storage tank (√Separate/ Together) ▪

Size: √12’ x 20’/ 15’ x 30’/ any other specific requirement

▪

Equipment required: List- Liquid nitrogen container, Specific torch for nitrogen

▪

Source of liquid nitrogen: Local supplier (Net working if possible for nitrogen plant establishment)

(iii) Technical expertise: Nitrogen plant lab technician C III. DNA conservation: x Present status and √additional requirement (i) Form of DNA to be stored: √Whole genomic DNA/ √DNA Libraries/Gene constructs (ii) Expected number of samples to be processed ▪

No. of species (Give example): 5-10

▪

No. of accession per spp.: 10-15

(iii) Laboratory (size): 66 m2 ▪

Equipment required: List- Ultrasonic centrifuge, extraction equipment etc

(iv) Technical expertise: Genetists, Molecular biologist IV. Safety and security level of facility (i) Required standards:

√ Preferable

Acceptable

▪

Infrastructure: √Earthquake proof/ √Fire proof/ Flood proof/ Any other

▪

Operational: √Locking system (ordinary/electronic)/ √Protective clothing/ Any other

VI. Availability of essential support for maintenance and operation (i) √Accessibility of Genebank to users: GOs, NGOs, ARS, RARS, Researchers, Students (ii) √For power (Describe availability and regularity): Nepal Electricity Authority (iii) √For spare (Market situation): Local and abroad (iv) √For repair (Expertise in refrigeration): Local (v) √For exchange of material:

√Road

& √Air

(vi) √Suggest name of a place meeting above requirement: Khumaltar Complex, Lalitpur

22

VII. Seed distribution (i) Accessibility of genebank to users: GOs, NGOs, ARS, RARS, Researchers, Students (ii) From medium-term for research and use (annual) ▪

No. of crop requiring frequent distribution: illustrate with examples

▪

No. of accessions

▪

No. of samples

▪

Sample size

(iii) From long-term for regeneration of active collections ▪

No. of crop with poor storability capacity requiring frequent regeneration. Illustrate with examples: 5-10 crops like- Onion, Perilla, vegetable and oil seeds

▪

No. of accessions: 50

▪

Sample size: (i) √ 100 seed (ii) research population size

VIII. Information documents (√Present status and √additional requirement) A. √Manual/√Computer assisted B. √Hardware computer facilities C. x Software, database IX. Regeneration/multiplication facilities (This would also be used for basic characterization & Evaluation) Present status and additional requirement A.

Field Facilities: ▪

No. of spp.: 10-15

▪

No. of accession: 500

▪

No. of plant/accession: Variable

▪

Approximate size: Variable

B. Green house facility for difficult spp. & with limited adaptability/ √Additional facility ▪

No. of spp.: 4-5

▪

No. of accession: 50

▪

No. of plant/accession: 2-3

▪

Approximate size: Variable

X. Man Power (please give number against each category) 23

(a) Scientific: 5 (b) Technical: 10 (c) Administrative: 3 (d) Support: 7 XI. Human Resource Development A. Training requirement (i) Technical

No.: 10

(ii) Scientific

No.: 5

(iii) √Both (iv) √Local in-house

or /

√Abroad

B. Faculty improvement (i) Local

No

(ii) Regional

No

(iii) International

No

XII. Other facilities required (x present status and √requirement) A. Infrastructure (i) √Administrative building B. Support services (i.)

√Photocopying/ √printing/ √information dissemination facilities

(ii.) √Communication facilities (iii.) √Transport (iv.)

√Others:

Library/consultation Refreshment room (Tea room) Quarter for Genebank Manager Quarter for Watchman

24

Annexure III 16. BUILDING LAYOUT PLAN Building plan housing the envisaged facilities gives dimension of each facility and their lay-out. This would need a technical drawing from a qualified engineer/architect and further interaction between the project scientists and the engineers of various disciplines to ensure development of infrastructure as per the requirements of various activities.

BUILDING PLAN SEE NEXT PAGE

Note The detailed specifications of the equipments listed above under different heads are given in annexure VI for ready reference

25

Septic Tank For Toxic Weaste 30'-0"

50'-0"

20'-0"

20'-0"

.

Screen House

Glass House

15'-0"

Farm Store

20'-0"

30'-0"

Furnace for destruction of Infected material

594 sq. ft.

Crop work Area

. 550 sq. ft.

Lawn

3645 sq. ft.

4086 sq. ft.

Germinator

30'-0"

25'-0"

10'-0"

20'-0"

15'-0"

Rest Room

25'-0"

100'Room 0" x 2' 0"

30'-0"

Portico

25'-0"

75' Room 0" x 2' 0"

Officer in-charge

15'-0"

15'-0"

15'-0"

Store Administrative Staff

Working Table

15'-0"

7'-0"

Rest Room MALE

Rest Room FEMALE

75'-0"

Visiting Scientist Room

Central facilities

7'-0"

Computer Room

Working Table

6'-0"

Corridor 10'-0"

15'-0"

Corridor 75'-3/16"

Sitting Rooms for Scientific Staffs

7'-6" 40'-0"

45'-0"

14'-0"

6'-0"

7'-6"

45'-0"

25'-0"

=

15'-0"

Up

Germinator

Laminar flow 20'-0"

Short-term Storage Long- term Storage

Germinator

Seed processing lab

In-vitro Lab

Insulation

Generator

Equipments

Working Table

Seed Drying Cabinet

Vertical de-freezer

Corridor

In-vitro repository

Wet Table

Media Room

Insulation

7'-6"

200' TOP 6" x 2' 0"

AC Compressor and dehumidifier

Balance Room

45'-0"

25'-0"

25'-0"

Dry Table

20'-0"

Lawn

Annexure IV DETAILED BUDGETARY REQUIREMENT (in Nepali Rupees & US $): I. Non-Recurring Establishment Cost I. a. Works S. No.

Particulars

Area

Sq ft cost

Total cost

Cost in $

i. aOffice space 2,625 1,400 3,675,000 57,422 ii. bLaboratories (two) 1,750 1,400 2,401,000 37,515 iii. cConservation space for housing de3,000 1,400 4,200,000 65,625 )freezers/ short-term store/ in vitro repository Insulation cost of short-term store 1,500 400 600,000 9375 & in vitro repository iv. Farm store 300 1,400 420,000 6,562 v. Common area: corridor etc. 1,825 1,400 2,555,000 39,921 vi. dGreen house 1,200 900 1,080,000 16,875 vii. eCrop-work area: Threshing & store 1,000 700 7,00,000 10,937 ) viii. fLandscaping of surrounding area 1,000,000 15,625 )and fencing of Field Genebank ix. eFurniture: Executive table (1); 1,500,000 23,437 )Executive Chair (1); Working table (17); Chair (35); Book-shelf (25), Big lab table (3); Stools (10) x. eField: To be shared with crop Nil )improvement programme xi. Total 11,700 18,131,000 $ 283,294 Nepali’s Rupees 1,400 per sq. ft. is the government rate of construction I. b. Equipments S. No. Name Unit cost Quantity Total cost Cost in $ i. Analytical balance 40,000 One 40,000 625 ii. Precision a balance 128,000 One 128,000 2000 iii. Distillation c apparatus 64,000 One 64,000 1000 iv. Grinder d 1,600 Two 3,200 50 v. Incubator e 40,000 One 40,000 625 vi. Oven f 57,600 One 57,600 900 vii. Domestic fridge 500 liters 38,400 Two 76,800 1200 viii. Magnifying g lamp 1,600 One 1,600 25 ix. Moisture h meter 41,600 One 41,600 650 x. Seed i drying cabinet 1,280,000 One 1,280,000 20,000 xi. Sealing j machine (Vacuum) 400,000 One 400,000 6250 xii. Seed k germinator 96,000 Two 192,000 3000 xiii. Vertical l freezers 108,000 Fifty 5,440,000 85,000 xiv. Dehumidifiers m 400,000 One 400,000 6,250 xv. Racks n with shelves 8,000 Fifty 400,000 6,250 xvi. Split o air conditioners (2 ton) 80,000 Four 320,000 5,000 xvii. Stand-by p Generator (25 Kva) 80,000 Two 160,000 2,500

xviii. xix. xx. xxi. xxii. xxiii.

Laminar flow Autoclave (10 liter) Filter assembly Binocular microscope Dissecting microscope Other q miscellaneous equipments, such . as storage tray, Ph meter, stirrer, hot plates, tongs etc. costing less than 15,000 xxiv. Computer r with server xxv. Computers s (PC) xxvi. Printer t xxvii. Photocopying u machine xxviii. Vehicle v (Maruti Gypsy) Total Grand Total: Non-Recurring Cost (Ia + Ib) II. Recurring Cost II. a Germplasm Augmentation i. Collection ii. Multiplication/regeneration Total II b Operation & maintenance i. aElectricity charges for )operation of facilities ii. Communication iii. bSpares iv. cMaintenance and repair v. Vehicle Fuel/lubricant vi. dConsumables: Cotton and paper bags, aluminum packets, plastic and glass bottles, Petri dishes, filter papers, germination papers, glass and plastic wares, labels etc. Total Total: Recurring Cost (IIa + IIb) Grand Total: Recurring Cost (IIa + IIb) II. c. Salaries

i. ii.

Designation Chief Scientist S4 Sr. Scientists/curators S3

150,000 125,000

One One

150,000 125,000

2,350 2,000

-

-

1,000,000

15,625

100,000 50,000 25,000 150,000 1,500,000

One Five Three One One

100,000 1,500 2,50,000 3,900 75,000 1,200 150,000 2,350 1,500,000 24,000 12,394,800 194,250 Nepali Rs. 18,131,000 + 12394,800 = 30,525,800 (476,966 US $)

1st Year 100,000 50,000 150,000

2nd Year 100,000 50,000 150,000

3rd Year 100,000 50,000 150,000

4th Year 100,000 50,000 150,000

5th Year 100,000 50,000 150,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

270,000

25,000

25,000

Nil

Nil 100,000 500,000

35,000 250,000 250,000 125,000 750,000

50,000 250,000 250,000 150,000 500,000

75,000 250,000 250,000 175,000 500,000

Nil

125,000 775,000 1,610,000 1,450,000 1,520,000 275,000 925,000 1,760,000 1,600,000 1,670,000 $ 4,296 $ 14,453 $ 27,500 $ 25,000 26,093 Nepali Rs. 750,000 + 5,480,000 = 6,230,000 (97,343 US $)

Number

One Three

Scale

16,000 14,500

3rd Year

4th Year

5th Year

Annual cost

Annual cost

Annual cost

240,000 522,000

240,000 522,000

240,000 522,000 28

iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xvi.

Scientists/curators S2 Scientists/curators S1 Sr. Technical Officer T7,8 Computer Specialist T6 Technical Officer T6 Electrical T5 Refrigeration T5 Administrative Officer A6 aAccountant A5 aStore Officer A5 bSecretarial staff A4 cSupport Administration cSupport Field/lab Contractual labour Total

Two One Two One Four One One One One One One Two Six

Grand total II. d. Training and Travel xvii. On-job training for* capacity building xviii. Training for upgradation of faculty** xix. Travel TA & DA*** Total Grand total Grand Total: Recurring Cost (IIa + IIb + IIc + IId)

13,200 12,200 14,500 11,500 11,500 7,500 7,500 11,500 7,500 7,500 6,300 5,050 5,050

316,800 316,800 316,800 146,000 146,000 146,000 348,000 348,000 348,000 138,000 138,000 138,000 552,000 552,000 552,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 138,000 138,000 138,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 75,600 75,600 75,600 121,200 121,200 121,200 3,63,600 3,63,600 3,63,600 5,00,000 5,00,000 5,00,000 3,821,200 3,821,200 3,821,200 $ 59,707 $ 59,707 $ 59,707 Nepali Rs. 11,463,600 (179,119 US $) 250,000

150,000 (1)

150,000 (1)

200,000 (2) 200,000 (2) 50,000 50,000 250,000 400,000 400,000 $ 3,906 $ 6,250 $ 6,250 Nepali Rs. 1,050,000 (16,406 US$) 750,000 + 5,480,000 + 11,463,600 + 1,050,000 = 18,743,600 (292,859 US $)

* Training to 10-15 national staff (First training, trainers training, involving locally recruited staff of genebank) ** Up-gradation of one or two faculty member by training abroad *** Attending national meetings

TOTAL COST OF PROJECT I. Non-Recurring Cost (Ia + Ib) I a. Works = 18,131,000 I b. Equipments = 12,394,800 I a + I b = Nepali Rs. 30,525,800 (476,966 US $) II. Recurring Cost (IIa + IIb + IIc) II a. Germplasm Collection and multiplication= 750,000 II b. Operational & maintenance = 5,480,000 II b. Salaries = 11,463,600 II c. Training and Travel = 1,050,000 II a + II b + II c + IId = 18,743,600 (292,859 US $) Grant total: I + II =30,525,800 + 18,743,600 = Nepali Rs. 49,269,400 (769,834 US $) Note: A tentative list of addresses of manufacturing company along with approximate cost and probable general suppliers is given in annexure VII respectively.

29

Annexure V Work Plan (starting from January 2008) S. No.

Activities

1.

Release of money

2.

Hiring of engineer/architect

3.

Finalization of plan lay-out

4.

Issue of global tender

5.

Allocation of job

6.

Start of construction

7.

Completion of foundation

8.

Laying of roof

9.

Identification of equipments/furniture

10.

Completion of civil work

11.

Completion of flooring

12.

Completion of electrical/ plumbing & other fittings

13.

Purchase of furniture and equipments

14.

Transfer of furniture and equipments

15.

Inauguration of facilities

16

Start of conservation activities

17.

Full functioning of facilities

I Yr.

II Yr.

III Yr.

IV Yr.

V Yr.

Annexure VI Technical Specification for Genebank and Equipments 1. BUILDING Classification I. Administrative Officer-in-charge office

Size

Total area Remark

15′ x 20′

300 sq ft

Administrative staff office Computer room Store plus Rest room of OIC Rest room (two) Visiting scientist room Scientific staff office II. Laboratories Seed-processing lab. Tissue-culture lab.

15′ x 30′ 15′ x 15′ 15′ x 10′ 7′ x 15′ 10′ x 15′ 75′ x 15′

450 sq ft 225 sq ft 150 sq ft 225 sq ft 150 sq ft 1125 sq ft

May be partitioned

25′ x 45′ 25′ x 25′

1125 sq ft 625 sq ft

Divided into dry and wet area With partition, balance & autoclave room

III. Storage/ conservation area In vitro Repository 25′ x 20′ Long-term store 25′ x 45′ Short-term store 25′ x 55′

500 sq ft 1125 sq ft 1375 sq ft

With ante-room; insulation To house vertical de-freezers To convert 25 x 40' into short-term stores; will have space for seed drying cabinet, two stands by generators and machine area for compressors & dehumidifier

IV. Greenhouse facilities* Glasshouse

20′ x 30′

600 sq ft

Screen house

20′ x 30′

600 sq ft

With controlled environment for multiplication & grow out test for quarantine With 80mm mesh for controlled multiplication and pollination

V. Crop Work area** Threshing floor Farm Store

50′ x 20′ 15′ x 20′

1000 sq ft 300 sq ft

For office record/equipment (see plan) For all staff Can be used for visitors/project scientist Need-based partitioning (see plan, 9)

Covered with iron frame & tin roof Two parts: seed & farm machine store

Note * Pantnagar type with 3' wall from ground, wooden or angle iron frame at 10' spacing; fixed glass all around up to 8' height; roof with 1' slant and 3 ventilators on either side ** Angle iron frame with a roof of tin at a height of 10', Ordinary cemented floor Therefore, the construction cost of these two facilities would be around Rs. 600 per sq. feet

31

2. EQIPMENTS I. SHORT-TERM STORAGE i) Dimension 20′ x 40′ x 9' (L x B x H) = 9,000 f3 to house 5,000-10,000 accessions with 15 kg seed ii) Technical Specifications a) Insulation ▪ Insulation with thermocol or polyurethane foam (PUF) of 2” with and false roofing of same material to reduce volume b. Control conditions ▪ Temperature: Plus 20+50 C ▪ Relative Humidity: 40% +5% RH ▪ Light: 500W Incandescent ▪ Stand by: 100% Refrigeration and de-humidification system c. Refrigeration System ▪ Simple domestic split air-conditioner d) Dehumidification ▪ Capacity: Dehumidifier with capacity to control 3 CFM per m3 ▪ Installation: In the machine area with desired ducting ▪ Standby: Preferably two units be installed to meet emergency situation (can be done later) e) Shelving Fixed or mobile shelves preferably made of powder coated perforated CRCA sheets. Each shelf should be 5′ x 2′ (W x D) and of 18 SWG. Each shelf should have loadbearing capacity of 100 kg. This can also be managed with slotted angle simple racks. f) Un-interrupted power supply Power Supply: 400V+10%, 3 phase, and 50 Hz five-wire system, supported with stand-by Diesel Generator of Capacity: 25 KVA i) Safety devices: Emergency alarm: Each section of the modules should have emergency Alarm button. Smoke deducter: In each module and adjacent areas Fire fighting equipment: CO2 cylinder II. DEEP FREEZER FOR LONG-TERM STORAGE i. Vertical Type ii. Gross Capacity: 360 Ltrs. (approx.) iii. Temperature up to -20 C iv. Built in condenser gives low energy consumption. v. Combination of pull out drawers and fast freeze shelves. vi. Control panel at the top of cabinet with thermometer or temperature warning light. vii. Thermostat and fast freeze button and lamp. viii. Double door. ix. CFC free heavy-duty compressor. III. SEED GERMINATOR (SINGLE CHAMBER) (ISO - 9001 Certified) i. Dimension: Inner size 555 x 650 x 910 mm ii. Double Walled, inner made of Stainless Steel, outer made of thick best quality mild steel duly enamel painted. iii. Provided with 6 nos. perforated Stainless Steel trays of size 430 x 480mm. 32

iv. Inner full view transparent glass door and outer double walled, metallic door with best quality handle gasket lock etc. Whole unit is mounted on castor wheels for easy mobility. v. Temperature range is from 10C to 50C chamber is provided with heating as well as cooling arrangement with the help of ISI mark hermetic sealed compressor, relay, capacitor etc. vi. Temperature is controlled by digital temperature indicator cum controller with PT-100 sensor. vii. Humidity is from ambient to 95% RH (adjustable), controlled by Digital Humidity Controller with an accuracy of +4%. viii. Provided with control for maintaining different temperature & Humidity as per Day/Night ix. Integral finned tube type. x. Works on 220 V 50 Hz, Single Phase AC. xi. Provided Exterior Illumination with 3 nos. fluorescent tube-lights xii. Provided with 0–24 hours automatic timer with battery backup. IV. DRYING CABINET i. Size: suitable for Seeds from 10 Kg. to 100 Kg. ii. With rotary absorption dehumidifiers and secondary refrigeration equipment that can provide 15+/-50 C temperature and 15+/-5% RH iii. Double walled construction. The inside chamber is made of stainless steel, and the outer of Mild Steel with powder coated for anti rusting. iv. Insulation between inner and outer chamber with 75mm thick glass wool. v. Door is also double walled metallic, properly insulated, provided with best quality gasket, handle and glass window to supervise the material without disturbing the inner temperature. vi. Provided with stainless steel perforated adjustable aluminium trays; 10 nos. vii. Easily replaceable tubular heaters are mounted between the middle sheet and inside chamber on two sides made from imported kanthal heating wires. viii. Motorized blower for air circulation inside the chamber ix. Temperature is from 15°C to 50C. Indicator cum controller for controlling the set temperature within the accuracy of  1C with unique facility of time delay relay x. Provided with CFC Free Refrigeration system with trolley for easy portability, V. INCUBATOR i. Dimension: 600mm x 600mm x 600mm ii. Double walled construction with inner chamber made of SS-304 and outer body made of MS powder coated, gap in between the walls is filled with good quality glass wool iii. Air ventilators on upper part of the sides. iv. Door with double glass fitted, heavy hinge. v. Inner chamber is provided with three SS-304 trays with ribs for adjusting various height. vi. 230 V 50Hz, air movement by motorized blower giving perfect incubation system. vii. The circulating fan will be fitted in the ducts. viii. Temperature range from ambient to 70C with an accuracy of + 1C controlled by digital indicator cum controller ix. With diurnal-cycling control allowing selection of day/night for temperatures (for dormancy breaking) x. Heating Element of high-grade wire covered with suitable insulator. 33

VI. DEHUMIDIFIER i. Total frame and panels and powder coated sheet. ii. Rotor Type that incorporates Silica Gel Rotors and it is not in-flammable. iii. Automatic reactivation. iv. Differential air pressure switch for reactivation flow. v. RH level with an accuracy of (+ 3 to 5% RH) vi. Humidity control device is provided with imported humidistat vii. Seals are of silicon rubber, which can with stand 300º C temp. VII. VACUUM SEALING MACHINE i. Chamber & Body made of S.S. with parallel sealing ii. Programmable vacuum / gas level iii. Vacuum stop function iv. Gals flushing / soft air provision v. Automatic lid opening vi. Inner plate for height adjustment vii. Sealing area minimum 400 mm viii. Sealing length 254 mm & width 12 mm ix. Vacuum pump fitted inside the machine of capacity of 21m 3 x. Power supply 220 V xi. Temerature range maximum uo tp 2500 C with warm up time of 5 minutes VIII. BALANCE ANALYTICAL i. Self calibration according to change in the ambient temperature ii. Fully Automatic internal calibration with built in weight iii. User selected TIME calibration iv. High Contrast, Large LCD with 16-digit display for easy viewing with A.E.P. v. Standard RS 232 interface. vi. Conforms GLP / GMP and ISO 9001 Certified Co., vii. Various weighting units like gm, ct, oz, dwt, mom, GN viii. Capacity: 220 gm. ix. Readability: 0. 1 mg x. Pan Size : 80mm xi. Tare Range: Full IX. PRECISION ANALYTICAL BALANCE i. Bakelite LCD/LED 16-digit alphanumerical display for easy viewing ii. 2,00,000 internal resolution iii. Auto Zero Tracking, auto Calibration iv. 8 different weighing units such as g, ct, tola etc., v. Piece counting & percentage weighing function vi. Inbuilt rechargeable battery for continue use vii. Compact and space saving viii. Standard RS 232 C interface for data output ix. Supply with acrylic windshield. x. Capacity: 1200 gms 34

xi. xii.

Readability: 0.01 gm Pan Size: 118mm

Note: It would require Precision and Counting balance – Table top; weighing range 1 kg, readability 1 kg, Pan size (mm) 160 x 200; Feature should be 16-digit alphanumeric LCD display.

X.

QUARTZ DISTILLATION APPARATUS i. Double stage with quartz boiler with condenser ii. Automatic low and high water cut off device and provision of auto switch on resumption of the water supply. iii. Mild Steel duly enamel painted stand with iron clamps etc. iv. Capacity: 2.0 Liters/ Hr.

XI. GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (G.P.S.) i. Portable type to carry on collecting trip ii. With exclusive fast track 12 parallel channel receivers. iii. Stay locked on to satellites in the toughest conditions-even under heavy tree canopy iv. Position averaging feature v. Panoramic views, 20 routes and proximity way point alarms. vi. It runs up 20 hours on 4 AA batteries, vii. Graphic highway steering display viii. With rock pad control ix. Track back routing, position page with track, speed, altitude and time x. Nearest way point list XII. DIGITAL MOISTURE METER i. Microprocessor based. ii. Repeatability in normal range of tored grain within 0.5% of air oven standard. iii. Automatic compensation of variables due to temperature iv. Displays last grain tested at start up. v. Direct moisture % up to 40% vi. Battery operated vii. Light function. viii. Automatic switch off for power saving.

XIII. OVEN (ISO 9001 Certified) i. ii. iii. iv. v.

Double walled, inner stainless steel, outer mild steel duly primer coated with 2 shelves Temperature range is from ambient to 200C controlled with fan convection & thermostat. Heating is done with ISO mark heating elements made from ni-chrome heating Air circulating fan to maintain the uniformity of the temp. throughout the chamber. Size: 600 x 600 x 600mm

XIV. SEED COUNTER (ISO – 9001 Certified) i. Total seeds to be counted: Max 999999 ii. Maximum grains size to be counted (Max Diameter is 1mm to 15 mm) iii. Sensitivity adjustment 2 levels iv. Display: Alphanumeric LCD display 35

v. vi. vii. viii.

Counting speed: 35 to 300 grains/ Min Power supply: 220 Volts, 50 Hz Reset arrangement for repeating batches of set sizes. Operating Mechanism: The Electromagnetic vibratory action.

XV. SEED BLOWER i. For purity testing, docking and cleaning of the grain/seed samples ii. To be operational either through a timer or manually iii. Complete with set of three tubes, electric motor with ½ HP single phase iv. Size 48 x 44.5 x 76 cm approximately XVI. LAMINAR FLOW CABINET (Horizontal type) i. Designed to meet filtration, illumination, noise & vibration, requirement of US Federal Standard 209 B (BS-5295) providing particle free air to meet class 100 Class I conditions. ii. This cabinet should be made complete of stainless steel 304 quality. iii. Should have pre-filters & HEPA filters with efficiency as high as 99.99% with cold DOP and 99.97% with hot DOP, and with ¼ H.P. Blower/ Motor (ISO Mark) with minimum noise level iv. Working area 1200 x 600 x 600mm (L x W x H) with ISO 9001-2002 certified. XVII.. HYGROSCOPE (Rotronic) i. Calibrated using reference tables for equilibrium values of seed moisture content and RH. XVIII. AUTOCLAVE (Top-loading vertical type) i. Capacity 50 liters ii. Sterilization temperature setting range: 105 – 1300 C. for 1 – 25 minutes iii. Operating pressure: 2.4 kg f/cm2 iv. With digital thermometer v. With inlet and drain tubes XIX. MEMBRANE FILTER ASSEMBLY XX. VACUUM PUMP: 0.5 – 1.0 hp XXI. DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR: 500 liters XXII. MICROWAVE: 30 liters XXIII. pH METER: Simple, digital XXIV. OTHER IMPORTANT ITEMS i. Sieves: A set of stacking graded sieves such as those used for soil-testing. The most useful sizes are standard numbers 5, 10, 18, 35, and 60, corresponding to hole sizes of 0.1574"/4 mm, 0.787"/2 mm, 0.394"/1 mm, 0.197"/0.5 mm, and 0.0098"/0.25 mm. Kitchen sieves with different grate sizes or a coarse-weave cloth can also be used. ii. Glass measuring cups in a range of sizes: Pyrex 1-, 2-, and 4-cup measuring cups 36

iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xvi.

Small trays, mixing bowls, strainers, colanders and other plastic containers; ordinary kitchenware works well Cutting tools: a sharp knife, a serrated-edge knife, razor blades or a razor knife with disposable blades, fine-tipped pruning shears Cutting board Vice-grip pliers Files, sandpaper, wire gratings, and other abrading tools Filter funnels such as Melitta number 6 coffee funnels and filter paper Magnifier lamp, headband magnifier, and 7-14x hand lens Forceps, tweezers, needle-nosed pliers Hand hair blow-drier, preferably multi-speed with heater unit disabled Small fan Blender with rubber-coated blades Spray bottles with adjustable nozzles Non-corrosive drying containers (metal or glass) with tight fitting lids – the size of the container should allow the height of the evenly-distributed sample to be under 0.3 g cm-2; A desiccator fitted internally with a thick metal or ceramic plate to promote rapid cooling of the containers and containing a desiccant such as silica gel or calcium chloride at the bottom.

XXV. COMPUTERS AND ACCESSORIES: (for information documentation, printing of labels etc.) 3. RECURRING/ COMSUMABLE ITEMS White Cotton Bags Muslin cloth bags: Size (L x W); (i) 12inches x 8 inches, (ii) 24 inches x 18 inches (iii) 18 inches x 15 inches (iv) 6 inches x 4 inches and (v) 5 inches x 7 inches. Paper bags (standing) Size (L x W) (i) 4.5 inches x 9.5 inches (ii) 12 inches x 5 inches Laminated aluminum foil packet The aluminum foil packet should be made of three layers viz. Outer layer (Polyester – 12 micron), Intermediate layer (aluminum foil – 12 micron) and innermost layer (Polyethylene – 250 gauge). Size – (i) 6 inches x 8 inches (ii) 3.5inches x 4.5 inches Plastic or glass bottles (should be moisture proof with double cap system) 250 to 1000 ml. Petri dishes Plastic, 10 - 12 cm diameter, Depth 1.5 – 2 cm Filter Paper discs Qualitative, Sonar Grade 1, Diameter 9 cm, 11 cm and 15 cm with 100 numbers for each packet. Germination paper 8 inches by 11 inches of 1 kg packet

37

Glass/plastic wares Measuring cylinders, beakers, flasks, reagent bottles, culture tubes, moisture bottles, distill water bottles, auto-pipettes, automatic dispensers, media preparation flasks, water storage canes of various capacities Others Tongs, forceps, needles, scissors, gloves Labels Special moisture-proof labels

38

Annexure VII

The list of suppliers of specialized equipments (It is not exhaustive and mention of suppliers does not necessarily constitute endorsement) No

Item

Supplier

App. cost (US $)

1

Analytical balance, as well precision balance

Mettler-Toledo (Schweiz) AG Im Langacher, CH-8606 Greifensee Switzerland Phone: +41 1 944 45 45 Fax: +41 1 944 45 10 Email: [email protected] Web: www.mt.com

625; 2,000 respectively

Sartorius AG Weender Landstrasse 94-108 D-37075 Goettingen, Germany Phone: +49 551 308 0 Fax: +49 551 308 3289 Email: [email protected] Web: www.sartorius.com

2

3 4

Distillation apparatus

Grinder (coffee mill) Incubator

Ohaus Corporation P.O. Box 2033, 19A Chapin Road Pine Brook, NJ 07058, USA Phone: 973-377-9000 Fax: 973-593-0359 Email: [email protected] Web: www.ohaus.com Fisher Scientific 2000 Park Land Drive Pittsburg, PA 15275-9943, USA Phone: 973-467-6511 Fax: 800-926-1166 Web: www.fishersci.com M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008 Phone: 2586; 55450982 Email: [email protected] Braun, Moulinex, etc. locally available Fisher Scientific 2000 Park Land Drive Pittsburg, PA 15275-9943, USA Phone : 973-467-6511 Fax: 800-926-1166 Web: www.fishersci.com

1,000

25 625

Percival Scientific, Inc 39

505 research Drive Perry, Iowa 50220, USA Phone: 515-465-9363 Fax: 515-465-9464 Email: [email protected] Web: www.percival-scientific.com

5

6

7

Oven (mechanical/gravity convection)

Magnifier lamp

Moisture meter and balance;

Gallenkamp, Units 37 - 38, The Technology Centre, Epinal Way Loughborough, LE11 3GE, UK Phone: +44 (0)1509 631595 Email: [email protected] Fax: +44 (0)1509 211133 Web: www.gallenkamp.co.uk Fisher Scientific 2000 Park Land, Drive Pittsburg, PA 15275-9943, USA Phone: 973-467-6511 Fax: 800-926-1166 Email: [email protected] Web: www.fishersci.com M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008 Phone: 2586; 55450982 Email: [email protected] Hoffman Manufacturing Co. 353, 29th Ave. S.W. P.O. Box 547, Albany, OR 97321, USA Phone: 541-926-2920 Fax: 541-926-3949 Email: [email protected] Web: www.hoffmanmfg.com M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008 Phone: 2586; 55450982 Email: [email protected] Hoffman Manufacturing Co. 353 29th Ave. S.W. P.O. Box 547, Albany OR 97321, USA Phone: 541-926-2920 Fax: 541-926-3949 Email: [email protected] Web: www.hoffmanmfg.com

900

120

650

Seedburo Equipment Co. 1022 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, IL 60607 USA Phone.: 312-738-3700 Fax: 312-738-5329 40

8

Hygromer (nondestructive moisture-testing)

9

Germination cabinet (Seed germinator)

10

Drying cabinet

E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.seedburo.com Rotronic Instruments (UK) Ltd Unit 1a, Crompton Fields, Crompton Way, Crawley, West Sussex, RH10 9EE, UK Tel: 01293 571000 Fax: 01293 571008 web: www.rotronic.co.uk Weiss Gallenkemp Ltd Willowbank House, 84 Station Road Marlow, Buckinghamshire SL7 1NX United Kingdom Phone: +44 (0) 1494 43 43 24 Fax: +44 (0) 1494 43 43 Web: http://www.weisstechnik.co.uk M/s Narang Scientific Works GI-111, Mayapuri Industrial Area Phase II, New Delhi – 64 Phone: 5136072; 5402608 Email: [email protected] Huurere Group Oy. PO Box 127 FIN-33101, Tampere, Finland Phone: +358-20-5555 11 Fax: +358-20-5555 360 Email: [email protected] Web: www.huurre.com

7,500

2000

25,000

Bry Air (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 20, Rajpur Road, Delhi – 110054 Phone: 23947075; 23906666 Email: [email protected] Web: www.bryair.com

11

Freezers (chest type/vertical)

Munters Limited, Blackstone Road, Huntingdon Cambridgeshire PE29 6EE, United Kingdom Phone: 01480 432243 Fax: 01480 413147 Email: [email protected] Web: www.munters.com Locally available (e.g. Kelvinator, Vestfrost etc.)

1,650

Vestfrost, Denmark Marketed by M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008 Phone: 2586; 55450982 41

Email: [email protected] Blue Star India Ltd., Sahas, 414/2 Veer Sarvakar Marg, Prabhadevi, Mumbai 400 025 Ph: 4330789/4306155 E-mail: www.bluestarindia.com

12

13

Dehumidifiers

M/s Narang Scientific Works GI-111, Mayapuri Industrial Area Phase II, New Delhi – 64 Phone: 5136072; 5402608 Email: [email protected] Munters Limited, Blackstone Road, Huntingdon Cambridgeshire PE29 6EE, United Kingdom Phone: 01480 432243 Fax: 01480 413147 Email: [email protected] Web: www.munters.com

Bry Air (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 20, Rajpur Road, Delhi – 110054 Phone: 23947075; 23906666 Email: [email protected] Web: www.bryair.com Containers (alu. Aluminium foil bags: cans/alu. foil bags) Barrier Foil Products Co. Moisture proof glass Hollands Mill, 61 Shaw Heath or plastic bottles) Stockport, Cheshire SK3 8BH, UK Phone : +44 161 4804007 Fax : +44 161 4747412 Email: [email protected] Web: www.barrierfoils.f9.co.uk

6,500

315/1000 250/1000 200/1000

Flöter Verpackungs service GMBH Daimlerstrasse 5, D 711735 Eberdingen Germany Email: [email protected] web: www.floeter.com Cans: Embarcadero Home Cannery 2026 Livingston Street Oakland, CA 94606, USA Phone: 510-535-2311 Fax: 510-535-2235 Email: [email protected]

Manage locally

42

Web: www.ehcan.com

14

Sealing machine (cans/alu. foil)

Glass bottles: Scientific Laboratory Supplies Ltd., Orchard House, The Square Hessle East Riding of Yorkshire HU13 0AE, United Kingdom Phone: +44 (0)1482 649665 Fax: +44 (0)1482 649667 Web: www.scientific-labs.com Audion Elektro BV P.O. Box 389, 1380 AJ WEESP, The Netherlands Phone: +31 (0)294-491717 Fax: +31 (0)294-491761 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.aud.com

Manage locally

6,250

M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar,New Delhi – 110008 Phone: 2586; 55450982 Email: [email protected]

15

16 17

Can sealer: Embarcadero Home Cannery 2026 Livingston Street Oakland, CA 94606 USA Phone: 510-535-2311 Fax: 510-535-2235 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.ehcan.com Seed blower; Seed Hoffman Manufacturing Co. counter; Seed 353, 29th Ave. S.W. divider; Mechanical P.O. Box 547, Albany, OR 97321, USA thresher; Thermo Phone: 541-926-2920 hygrometer; Fax: 541-926-3949 Hygrothermographs; Email: [email protected] Graded sieves; Web: www.hoffmanmfg.com

Global Positioning System (GPS) Stereo microscope

Seedburo Equipment Co. 1022 W. Jackson Blvd. Chicago, IL 60607, USA Phone: 312-738-3700 Fax: 312-738-5329 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.seedburo.com http://www.garmin.com (dealers worldwide) Carl Zeiss and others See Fisher Scientific, 2000 Park Land Drive

1,250; 750; 1250; 2500; 1250 respectively

1,250 5,000 43

Pittsburg, PA 15275-9943, USA Phone: 973-467-6511 Fax: 800-926-1166 Web: www.fishersci.com OLYMPUS India M/s DSS Imagetech Pvt. Ltd. A-5 Mohan Cooperative, Industrial Area New Delhi 110044 India Phone: 91-11-26950325; 26959382 Email: [email protected] M/s Trend Bio Products Pvt. Ltd. CSC – 9 , Shop no. 10, G Block DDA market, sector – 15, Rohini, New Delhi - 110085

18

19

Research microscope

Dissecting microscope

M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008 Phone: 2586; 55450982 Email: [email protected] Biological Museum E-39, New Agra Agra, Uttar Pradesh - 282 005 (INDIA) +(91)-(562)-2854045 +(91)-9837074001 Fax: +(91)-(562)-2854045 M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008 Phone: 2586; 55450982 Email: [email protected] MICRO MEASURES & INSTRUMENTS 444, Arya Nagar, Jagadhri Road, Ambala Cantt-133001 INDIA Phone: +91-171-2663258,4005258, 2602151 Fax : +91-171-2602150 Mobile: +91-9896051072, 9896135226 Email: [email protected]

750

875

M/s. Micronic Automation Systems & Services, C-8/67A, Keshav Puram Lawrance Road, Delhi – 110035.

20

Laminar Flow

M/s DSS Imagetech Pvt. Ltd. A-5 Mohan Cooperative, Industrial Area New Delhi 110044 India LAMINAR FLOW INC.

2350 44

P.O. Box 2427 102 Richard Road Ivyland, PA 18974 Sales Department, x19 Tel: 800-553-FLOW; 215-672-0232 Fax: 215-672-0768; 215-441-0426 E-mail: [email protected] M/s Yorco Sales Pvt. Ltd. 11, Netaji Subhash Marg Daryaganj, New Delhi – 2

21

Autoclave

M/s Narang Scientific Works GI-111, Mayapuri Industrial Area Phase II, New Delhi – 64 Phase II, New Delhi – 64 Phone: 5136072; 5402608 Email: [email protected] Instech Systems, 9144/3 Multani Dhanda, Paharganj, New Delhi, Delhi, India, 110 055.

2000

Associates Scientific International G-3, Balram House, Commercial Complex, Karampura, New Delhi - 110 015, India, M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008 Phone: 2586; 55450982 Email: [email protected]

22

23

Diesel Generator set

Photocopying Machine

M/s Narang Scientific Works GI-111, Mayapuri Industrial Area Phase II, New Delhi – 64 Phase II, New Delhi – 64 Phone: 5136072; 5402608 Email: [email protected] M/s Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd. Uco Bank Building, Parliament Street New Delhi – 110001 M/s Integrated Genset (India) Pvt. Ltd. B- 30, Sector – 6 Noida - 201301 M/S Toshiba India Pvt. Ltd. 6F, Dr. Gopal Das Bhawan, 28, Barakhamba Road,

2,500

2350

45

New Delhi – 110001

24

25

Xerox, India Phone: 9810046214; 9899591477 Email: [email protected] [email protected] Computers and M/s Hewlett Packard India Sales Pvt. Ltd. accessories Tower D, 6 th Floor, Global Business Park Mehrauli Gurgaon Road Gurgaon - 122002 General (glassware, Hoffman Manufacturing Co. desiccators, forceps, 353 29th Ave. S.W. silica gel etc.) and P.O. Box 547, Albany OR 97321, USA wet lab supplies Phone: 541-926-2920 (germination towels, International Fax: 541-926-3949 petri dishes, forceps, Email: [email protected] etc.) Web: www.hoffmanmfg.com

Server=1500; PC=500; Printer=400 10,000

Seedburo Equipment Co. 1022 W. Jackson Blvd. Chicago, IL 60607, USA Phone: 312-738-3700 Fax: 312-738-5329 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.seedburo.com Schleicher & Schuell (S&S) - MicroScience Filtration - Headquarters Division Whatman, Hahnestrasse 3 Dassel D-37586, Germany Phone: 49-556-17910 Fax: 49-556-1791-536 Web: www.schleicher-schuell.com Fisher Scientific 2000 Park Land Drive Pittsburg, PA 15275-9943, USA Phone: 973-467-6511 Fax: 800-926-1166 Web: www.fishersci.com

46

LIST OF ADDRESS THAT CAN SUPPLY MOST EQUIPMENT 1. M/s Yorco Sales Pvt. Ltd. 11, Netaji Subhash Marg Daryaganj, New Delhi – 2 2. M/s Narang Scientific Works GI-111, Mayapuri Industrial Area Phase II, New Delhi - 64 3. M/s. Hitech Associates CSC 9, Shop No 32, DDA market, Sector 15, Rohini, New Delhi 85 4. M/s. Mettler – Toledo (Schweiz) AG 1m Langachar, CH – 8606 Greifensee, Switzerland 5. M/s. Scientific Instruments Industries 2251/AE, New Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008. 6. M/s. Sandeep Instruments & Chemicals 3229, Ranjeet Nagar, New Delhi – 110008 7. M/s. Sartorius AG Weender Landstrasse – 94 108 D 37075 Goettingne, Germany 8. Bry Air (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 20, Rajpur Road, Delhi – 110054. 9. M/s. Hoffman Manufacturing Co., 353 29th Ave. S.W. P. O. Box 547 Albany OR 97321, USA

47