Developing an Intelligent Tutoring System for Vehicle ... - Science Direct

Download PDF
0 downloads 0 Views 4MB Size Report
Comment
several researches (Alexander, 1999; Leung, 2003; Jain & Getis, 2003) it has been revealed that ..... Shah, Farhana; Martha Evens, Joel Michael, Allen Rovic2.
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 106 (2013) 838 – 847

       !  "#  

$ % &   & '# & ()* $( )    # +,-(.#/! - )0!                 ! "# 

   & '# & ()' %  #1  % 2  &)#) #,(  1  % 1    &&#  )%#3 # 345 ))% &  '  % 1 2         # 6# 4 '    #       #%% 1(  ()# 7%1 )  &,8 )% ,#  & ),4' #   )#   )%     & #    ( ) %     1       &  #  ## (   )   %(  1 &     #     (  # 1   ) %  %      %1 ),   )    %%  2    #       % &   18  8%)     4    % %  % #%(%,#&  %# 1   (  #  %4  © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. 9   # ,-(.#/! - )0!4#1 1(" :4 Selection and peer-review under responsibility of The Association of Science, Education and Technology-TASET, Sakarya Universitesi,    % # % 1 ('3    ,"#   '  &( '3 "', 2 (  Turkey. ; ,'#2(4 $ %  &  & # &()> == D E4 '(   & 8&)F&)  4)

1877-0428 © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of The Association of Science, Education and Technology-TASET, Sakarya Universitesi, Turkey. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.096

Carlos Huertas and Reyes Juárez-Ramírez / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 106 (2013) 838 – 847

) (%  1(5  G 8) ==,'  ? ==C,H  %,A1  5!2  ==C :# &4"   1  3(),  & %1  ))% 8%,   & '# ()'  %)    #% 3()%)  1(A 2)  $8 4 I  &  '   , )%#1 #) 81 , # )#   % % # #  4' (%2  &  (#,1 &#)        #     & ,=7  31# & # )   31##  31#  % &&  &  , '   ))#   2  & % 6###  )    )%#    1 

 4' (%2  & 1# 1( '   & 1  (1(#)  )   & &    #  ,==

   1 ) 2 &# , #   &  %)  )2 % 1#%EM     #  ,    &   & 1 (#   : #8 )  ,  G   I  ) 2     =M  % 1( G ,  #  #%    ?  )2)   4()% %,  %(%'  1 & %  )     &C44C4,%

#)#   # # 7       &, )% ''  2  (, )% & %  2$#%%, ) # >1 ##%% % %1 )% &#     &#1( 2 &   & #4  '%#1 %(%    .# , 1(    ( 8 # 1 2 # 1 ( (,A % ;  A; & )%   " 

Carlos Huertas and Reyes Juárez-Ramírez / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 106 (2013) 838 – 847

 ,    & ?&4  )    #    ' ,  %   ) &)  , 1)  )  )#  4

?&44 I  '  #   

5  ) &)  ?&4,%,#  &   )  &,    & !   D    1   %  #      =   %  )   &#    )   %1 )1 ) ,   )?&4,1),#    %%      %(%1 )  ) (N %% #  & %1 )4      &     # #  8%)     %(  &    # (  #%%)  ) 4

843

844

Carlos Huertas and Reyes Juárez-Ramírez / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 106 (2013) 838 – 847

      3  # ,)%  #,   '   2  &,  % #   )  2  &,  ' )#1 1  %1 )  ),   %1 )    ( ) )  %   #    1(  #)  #    3 (),    %) 8 #  &  %  '   % 1 (        %1 ) &  & ( ))  4'%) # ()%  , 8%)     2  & 1 ) 2,#8%) %1(- @' 2I & ! ,  %  )   #       % (    %  > )% =>4C 2)N   )% >4= 2)N )    ,    #  )# )  6#          6#  )  4)4')   %( & 2   8%) ,  ' 1 ,%# # (#  %    #  4  ' 1 4$)  I ( &  # (1 ) 2

 '*  H , ,: ,')

-   >

)  >

-   

)  

-  N

) N

-4 3

 (#  A #%4' I ! I8CI  A'  #1 #!)#) 3#''CO (   I#1: "  #1 #)%!    C!' 2 C3# - P'(%  C 1   >     >* 2 & A'4' DI ! %A'   )   =$&  &-' ?I# &A' >I#1" %A'

>4 >4> >4> >4D >4D 4E 4= C4E >4D >4 >4> >4 >4 4> C4E C4 C4E

C4D >4E >4> >4D >4C C4 4E C4 >4= >4D >4= >4> >4 4C C4> C4 >4

4E D4E D4 >4 >4 4D 4> 4C >4> C4= >4 >4= >4 4C 4E 4D 4

4 D4D >4D D4 >4 4D 4 4C D4 >4C D4 D4C 4 =4 4 4 4D

4C C4 4= 4E 4= 4 4 4 C4 4E C4 4E 4C 4= 4 4E 4

4 C4 C4 C4 4= 4> 4 4 C4 C4 C4 C4 4> 4> 4 4E 4D

=CM =EM ==M =EM ==M =EM ==M =CM =EM =CM =>M =>M =CM =M =EM ==M =CM

 '  & # (%  &#  ' 1   # )  & #  # ( %#,  1 ,%( & % &)  )     # (=>4EM,)%   )    ()  %1 )  )#    )    - @' 2 ) & !  # ) #     (,     ( )    #, 4&4,  &  2     )     ()4 ?   ,   ) DI ! %  - @' 2, EM  >,M 

 M N) ,     %  #%( &   1   # ,   ( , 8%  ( &  ()##4'' %(%   1  1 # &%   )  &)#    1  %%%#!1  #",%   1#   # & #  8 4

Carlos Huertas and Reyes Juárez-Ramírez / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 106 (2013) 838 – 847

    '%(% 48  #  .# C, %) (&   #% 1 2 1# % 1 (),  ## % )))# ( 1(. # ( ,  ( #) # ,1 &)  1 ;   E#,   E I8>, )  4G%1 2)# #    8%(%     ). # (  48,  %(%     &## & (    1##  ()1 1     #&  )     , ?&4%(%# &1(6#   48#%#  44=4

?&44 ' (% ; &  

3 1  ?&4,%(%   # &%   4M  ) O )%  O, )% %,O    %     # #  4?) )%  #   # #       C,=D>%1 )#  I (,  #)12%& &   QE%24 ' #  ) & &() ;   # &D,>D)#   % C4M  ,  %    =E4M, %%  C4CM,I8DC4EM, >4M  (;  K &)   >   4M4 '   () 1 & &)) # )%%  & &#(),    & ##  #  % ##2

845

846

Carlos Huertas and Reyes Juárez-Ramírez / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 106 (2013) 838 – 847

!   "# $  %(%  4>4C #  44=, 1    &,  & (%1 1())# (1 2, C,%1 )   # ( =>M 2%( &  1  #&1 &     # 3  # , )) ' )%1(#) , % % #        1 )%  %) %( & ,   )   ,   "    (  ( &  ( )  1 )% 4 3  &(  %  %1 )1      &(     )%) ,    ( % & )  &,###%    #)  8) # 1  4G # & (% ( ,   (&#   & 1# #  % ) #    )% & &) 8% 4'     1 %  )) ( ## (  21(      4 5# ) %# 1  8 &    , 1( #% #  

 "  ,  &   )% ' #%(% & &,8%  )$  ) )%) # & &) 4 

$ #  #  2 2)(%-(.#/! - )0! 8%  #%% %  4  G# (% #   2)#  ) %1 ,

2 )7 ,3 ,I( ),3 )-, 1,% 2 ( ,.,I  ,)),( ,   ! &,I #,(H# &,. 2&, ,  # )  ) # 1  24

%"  3 8 , I4 ===4 R   )%#      & 3 &1 R, -   $ , C, ) %7NN 4) 4#24#N'IN" NN%N% %4%  3 8(A  4#11 ) 2 )  4=4?)7%7NN1#11 ) 24)N  3  , 4@K &,I44==D4R  & # &&  &(R4   .# 3   &   "#  , 4   ,4,=4R  &  '# & ()7  & $ R4       " &  &- #      "-  134'4,K &,K4-4,@3  ,.4-4==D4R  & # &()7 12#) )%#   R,%%4E= ED43) )7" 4  ?) ,-44RG    & # &()S  & R,C>4  A 2) ,4 @ $8 , .4 4 R'  &  )  &1  # & ) )%#   # R4'     .#   )%#3 &1  I ) "#  , 4=, 4,%%4DC E

Carlos Huertas and Reyes Juárez-Ramírez / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 106 (2013) 838 – 847 .  ,4@A,344R'    1  # 73 8%)  %( && %(R4.# A& %(  &"#  , 4D, 4,%%4C >D4  :# &,K44R" #  &     &R4)%#  "#  , 4, 4,%%4 >4  2 )1#,-4,I!&#,-4,@# #,.44R3    & # &()R4  1&7 % &4  , 4 4==4R  & # &()73 43   & -R,C DD4  5 ,"4@G 8) , 4==4R)%  & )%#  #      #  ) )  3 3) %  (# R4   .#  # I , 4, 4,%%4D =4    ( 4,4R  & '# & ()73#   R4   ,?