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Development of driver’s assistant system of additional visual information of blind areas for Gazelle Next To cite this article: V Makarov et al 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 315 012016
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IASF-2017 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 315 (2018) 012016 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/315/1/012016 1234567890‘’“”
Development of driver's assistant system of additional visual information of blind areas for Gazelle Next V Makarov1, O Korelin1, D Koblyakov1, S Kostin1,2 and A Komandirov3 1
Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E.Alekseev, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 2 LLC «Nizhpromplast», Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 3 GAZ Group's United Engineering Center, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia E-mail:
[email protected] Abstract. The article is devoted to the development of the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) for the GAZelle NEXT car. This project is aimed at developing a visual information system for the driver integrated into the windshield racks. The developed system implements the following functions: assistance in maneuvering and parking; Recognition of road signs; Warning the driver about the possibility of a frontal collision; Control of "blind" zones; "Transparent" vision in the windshield racks, widening the field of view, behind them; Visual and sound information about the traffic situation; Control and descent from the lane of the vehicle; Monitoring of the driver's condition; navigation system; All-round review. The scheme of action of sensors of the developed system of visual information of the driver is provided. The moments of systems on a prototype of a vehicle are considered. Possible changes in the interior and dashboard of the car are given. The results of the implementation are aimed at the implementation of the system - improved informing of the driver about the environment and the development of an ergonomic interior for this system within the new Functional Salon of the Gazelle Next vehicle equipped with a visual information system for the driver.
Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) serve to prevent accident situations, one of the reasons for which is the presence of so-called "blind" zones - zones around the car with reduced visibility for the driver. If you get into these areas of a nearby car or pedestrians, you cannot see them because of the special features of the vehicle. This can lead to an emergency situation when maneuvers are carried out. Partially "blind" zones can be reduced by installing spherical mirrors. But this is not enough. Therefore, worldwide development of systems for monitoring traffic conditions on the basis of active and passive sensors is underway. One of the first concepts with "transparent racks" was Nissan Pivo (figure 1). Company Jaguar Land Rover develops the concept of virtual vision Vision which includes in "transparent racks", "virtual windshields", "transparent hood", etc. (figure 2). Similar developments are being conducted in all leading automotive companies. On modern cars, systems are installed that monitor "blind" zones and help the driver to safely change lanes. These systems are based on the use of video cameras and radar. A system of circular vision is widely used that allows maneuvering in a cramped environment.
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IASF-2017 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 315 (2018) 012016 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/315/1/012016 1234567890‘’“”
Figure 1. Nissan Pivo [1].
Figure 2. Jaguar [2].
The article deals with the developed system of visual information of the driver integrated into the windshield racks [3] carried out by the company "Nizhpromplast" together with specialists from the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alexeev with the support of the Foundation for the Promotion of Innovation, the GAZelle NEXT car is used as the object of research. As a result of the analytical review in the field of intelligent driver assistance systems - ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) corresponding to the 1st and 2nd levels of the international classification of driver assistance systems SAE International, a concept for building a visual information system for the driver integrated into the windshield racks was developed. This is an extremely important task to improve traffic safety. In general, the developed system of visual information will: Provide a warning to the driver about the possibility of a frontal collision; Control of blind areas; Warning of withdrawal from the band; Help with maneuvering; signs recognition; Allow the driver to receive information about the route; the presence of traffic jams; road- works; Speed limits; Travel time; The included transmission; Receive information: from front-end cameras of high resolution (road markings, interference stationary and mobile, road signs, etc.); Video information from internal cameras to monitor the driver's condition; Input data from the vehicle's on-board network (data on speed, acceleration, engine operating mode, gearbox, brake system status, etc.); Navigation system data; Provide the driver with signals and visual information about the position of the vehicle relative to the lane; About finding a potential obstacle in the zone of visibility of cameras, incl. In the "blind" zones - Warning of dangerous proximity; Information on the location of the vehicle in the area of traffic signs (in conjunction with the navigation system); other information on traffic (traffic jams, road events, recommendations for choosing the optimal traffic regime, etc); Include a system of "transparent" vision in the areas of the lower part of the racks; Augmented reality system with information output to the windscreen; A system of visual and sound information about traffic events (presence of interference in the blind zone, assistance with reverse traffic, warning of dangerous rapprochement with other traffic participants, etc.); Sound and light indicators of road events. The scheme of the sensors of the driver's visual information system is shown in Figure 3.
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IASF-2017 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 315 (2018) 012016 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/315/1/012016 1234567890‘’“”
Figure 3. Action sensors of the developed system of visual information to the driver. The composition of the visual and sound information system for the driver about the traffic situation includes: 1. Central computer for processing information and controlling the operation of the entire system. 2. Two displays – the main one, displaying video information from the cameras of the circular view, navigation information, technical characteristics of the vehicle (speed, engine modes, etc.), and a HUD display that outputs additional reality elements to the windshield of the vehicle. 3. Means of informing the driver, implementing the following functions: assistance in maneuvering and parking the driver (providing data on the presence of a potential obstacle in the field of view of the cameras); recognition of traffic signs, providing, in conjunction with the driver's navigation system, information on the location of the vehicle in the area of traffic signs; warning the driver about the possibility of a frontal collision with an obstacle; control of "blind" zones (providing the driver with data on the presence of a potential obstacle in blind areas)); "transparent" vision in the windshield racks, extending the visibility zone, covered by the windshield racks; visual and audible information about the traffic situation, which implements information output to the main display, informs of dangerous road events with light indicators in the racks, reproduces warning sound signals about potential danger in road traffic; lane control (informing the driver about the vehicle's position relative to the lane and leaving the lane); monitoring the driver's condition (monitoring the driver's condition and actions for the subsequent analysis of the detection of errors in his actions in the event of emergencies);
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IASF-2017 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 315 (2018) 012016 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/315/1/012016 1234567890‘’“”
navigation to obtain information by the driver about the route, the presence of traffic jams, road works, speed limits, travel time; circular view, representing a system of additional reality, allowing the driver to see the position of his car at 3600 around. According to the research conducted to date, there are no ready-made systems (both domestic and foreign) that fully implement all the items of the terms of reference for the project being developed. The complexity of the ADAS tasks in the framework of the project is currently conditioned by the usage of existing solutions implementing specific ADAS functions, integrating them into a single system, as well as further upgrading the system's intelligent solutions and adapting them to the specifics of the GAZelle Next platform. The market analysis made it possible to identify the most promising solutions in terms of development – Mobileye [4], Sparkauto [5], ParkMaster [6], Navitel [7], etc. The moments of installation of driver assistance systems for the prototype are shown in figure 4.
Figure 4. Fragments of installation, connection and calibration assistance systems for the driver on a prototype. The complexity of their usage for project solutions is as these solutions are separate, independent systems, with their interfaces and input-output devices. Hence the conclusion is made about the necessity of using cross-platform equipment for integrating these solutions into a single system for visually informing the driver about the traffic situation, which requires selection and justification for the use of additional equipment, including various types of switches and signal converters. After installing all systems on the car, full-scale tests were conducted to assess the performance. Recommendations and technical requirements for installing the visual information system for the driver were given. Proposals were prepared on the interior inside the new functional compartment (figure 5) and the installation of the elements (Figure 6) of driver information systems on the surrounding environment for the car GAZelle Next.
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IASF-2017 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 315 (2018) 012016 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/315/1/012016 1234567890‘’“”
Figure 5. Possible changes in interior and dashboard elements.
Figure 6. Installation of elements of driver information systems about the environment. Projector on the windscreen (on left), Rear View Camera (on right). Practical implementation of the solutions described allows us to give recommendations and proceed to the creation of a modern competitive light commercial vehicle - the GAZelle NEXT car equipped with a visual information system for the driver. References [1] Electric car Nissan Pivo 3 at the Tokyo Motor Show 2011 available at http://www.electromachines.ru/auto/elektromobil-nissan-pivo-3-na/ [2] Průhledné sloupky Jaguaru řeší zhoršující se výhled z vozů available at http://www.auto.cz/pruhledne-sloupky-land-roveru-resi-zhorsujici-se-vyhled-z-vozu-video84660/ [3] Tumasov A V, Shiyan S A, Romanova A D, Shakolin V V and Tumanov A V 2017 Development of a visual information system for the driver, integrated into the windshield racks Proceedings of the XVI International Youth Scientific and Technical Conference (Nizhny Novgorod: NSTU n.a. R.E. Alekseev) p 248-249
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IASF-2017 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 315 (2018) 012016 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/315/1/012016 1234567890‘’“”
[4] [5] [6] [7]
Mobilay Accident Prevention System available at http://www.mobile-eye.ru/ Spark parking systems available at https://sparkavto.ru/ ParkMaster available at https://www.parkmaster.ru/ Navitel navigational program available at t http://navitel.ru/ru/
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