РОССИЙСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ НАУК Институт аридных зон ЮНЦ RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Institute of Arid Zones SSC
CAUCASIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL BULLETIN
Том 10. Вып. 2 Vol. 10. No. 2
Ростов-на-Дону 2014
Кавказский энтомол. бюллетень 10(2): 305–306
© CAUCASIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL BULL. 2014
The first record of Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, 1979 (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from India, with a key to the known Indian species Первая находка Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, 1979 (Diptera: Calliphoridae) в Индии, с определительной таблицей индийских видов M. Bharti М. Бхарти Punjabi University, Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Patiala, Punjab 147002 India. E-mail:
[email protected] Пенджабский университет, кафедра зоологии и наук об окружающей среде, Патиала, Пенджаб 147002 Индия
Key words: Diptera, Calliphoridae, Chrysomyinae, Chrysomya chani, key, Western Ghats, India. Ключевые слова: Diptera, Calliphoridae, Chrysomyinae, Chrysomya chani, определительная таблица, Западные Гаты, Индия. Abstract. Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, 1979 is recorded for the first time from India. The specimens of this species were collected from the Western Ghats, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. A key to adults of 11 species recorded so far of this genus from India is provided. Резюме. Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, 1979 впервые отмечен для фауны Индии. Экземпляры были собраны в Западных Гатах. Приводится определительная таблица для 11 известных из Индии видов этого рода. The subfamily Chrysomyinae comprises 11 genera belonging to tribes Phormini (4) and Chrysomyinae (7) from the World, however the genus Chrysomya RobineauDesvoidy, 1830 is the sole representative of this subfamily from India. The genus Chrysomya is a tropical and subtropical Old World genus which comprises 36 species, and is considered as an analogue of the neotropical genus Cochliomyia. So far, a total of 10 species of the genus Chrysomya are known from the Indian region [Bharti, Kurahashi, 2009; Bharti, 2011]. Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, 1979 is the new addition to the group, collected by sweeping nets from the secondary forests in the state of Kerala, Western Ghats, India. Additional specimen was studied from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. A piece of chicken was used as bait to catch the calliphorid specimens. The material was examined under Nikon SMZ 1500 stereozoom microscope. Digital images of Chrysomya chani were captured with the help of an MP evolution digital camera mounted on Nikon SMZ 1500 using Auto-Montage (Syncroscopy, Division of Synoptics, Ltd) software. The images were processed and cleaned with Adobe Photoshop CS5. A revised key to the known Indian species of this genus is provided herewith. Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, 1979 (Figs 1–3) Material. 1ƃ, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Shoal Bay, South Andaman, 11.47N / 92.42E, 6 m a.s.l., 24.04.2014; 5ƃ, India, Thottilpalam, Kerala, 11.68N / 75.80E, 50 m a.s.l., 15.05.2014.
Distribution. India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Thailand, South China, Malaysia and Phillipines. Remarks. The species differs from other closely related species of Chrysomya (C. megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) and C. defixa (Walker, 1856)) in having the basal part of the upper squama opaque white and bare ventrally except for a fringe and a distinctly smaller prothoracic spiracle, which is no longer and little broader than the 3rd antennal segment. The male head is convex, and the upper eye facets are strongly enlarged and make an abrupt transition to the small ventral facets. Moreover, the head width is more than the thorax width in C. chani. Bionomics. The species was collected from a secondary forest near the town of Thottipalam, Kerala. Lagoons and backwaters characterize the state of Kerala, which receives run-off from the rivers. A fresh water stream passes through the town of Thottilpalam. The place features a highly humid tropical climate with highest temperatures recorded in the month of June (40 °C) and lowest in the month of December (17.5 °C). The vegetation of the place is of varied type which includes west-coast tropical evergreen, semi-evergreen, southern moist mixed deciduous, grasslands and marshy grasslands. Andaman and Nicobar Islands are located at the junction of Bay of Bengal and Andaman sea. These islands have a tropical rainforest canopy, made of a mixed flora with elements from Indian, Myanmar, Malaysian and endemic floral strains. The South Andaman forests, from where the species was collected, have a profuse growth of epiphytic vegetation, mostly ferns and orchids. Key to the Indian species of the genus Chrysomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 1. Prothoracic spiracle white/yellow …….........................… 2 – Prothoracic spiracle black to dark brown ………........…. 5 2. Only one sternopleural bristle developed, 0+1 ……….... ..........................................…… C. nigripes Aubertin, 1932 – Two sternopleural bristles developed, 1+1 ……...……… 3 3. Prostigmatic bristle present ……...............................…….. 4
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well developed in male, female tergite 5 with medial cleft posteriorly, facial ridge well developed, high ……………................………… C. villeneuvi Patton, 1922 – Femora normal, eyes holoptic in male or dichoptic in both sexes; female tergite 5 with or without median cleft posteriorly, facial ridge normal ……….............……….. 6 6. Alar and thoracic squamae both entirely fuscous black, parafacialia and genae fuscous ……....................……... 7 – Atleast base of alar squamae white …………...………….. 8 7. Body blue to purple, post gena usually covered with yellowish hairs; length of genae in profile more than that of eye height, height of gena compared to total head about 3/10 in male and about 4/10 in female; male cerci elongate, approximately 3× length of surstylli …… ………..................................…. C. pinguis (Walker, 1856) – Body dark green; post gena usually covered with black and brown hairs; gena in profile same length as eye; height of gena compare to total head about 2/10 in male, about 3/10 in female; male cerci stout, not more than 2× length of surstylli …............................................... .................................................... C. defixa (Walker, 1856) 8. Parafacialia and genae fuscous to black; setulae and hairs on parafacialia and facialia blackish; venter of tergite 5 with black hairs only; basal part of alar squama opaque white, bare ventrally except for fringe …............................. ..................................................…C. chani Kurahashi, 1979 – Parafacialia and genae entirely orange; setulae and hairs on the parafacialia and facialia yellowish; venter of tergite 5 intermixed with yellow hairs; opaque white basal part of alar squama haired ventrally …..........… 9 9. Squamae white; facets of male eye somewhat enlarged above, but not sharply demarcated from area of smaller facets below; frontal side of female parallel-sided …………....…....….….....… C. bezziana Villeneuve, 1914 – Squamae largely brown except for the pale base; facets of male eye much enlarged above, sharply demarcated from area of the smaller facets below; frontal stripe of female broader at middle of frons, not parallel-sided .... .................................... C. megacephala (Fabricius, 1794)
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– Prostigmatic bristle absent .... C. albiceps (Wiedmann, 1819) 4. Mesopleural bristles 5, acrostichal 0+1, dorsocentral 2+2, acrophallus unstalked projecting anteriorly ………………...........…… C. rufifacies (Macquart, 1843) – Mesopleural bristles 6, acrostichal 0+2, dorsocentral 3+3, acrophallus wide stalked projecting posteriorly ……… ……………….................................. C. indica Nandi, 2004 5. Femora swollen in male and female, but more noticeably so in male, eyes dichoptic in both sexes; outer-verticals
Financial assistance rendered by Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi, vide Project No. SR/WOS-A/LS-275/2012 (G) is gratefully acknowledged. The author is also thankful to Dr. C.A. Viraktamath, Department of Entomology, G.K.V.K., Bangalore, India, for providing additional Calliphoridae material from Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
References Bharti M. 2011. An updated checklist of blow flies from India. Halteres. 3: 34–37. Bharti M., Kurahashi H. 2009. Finding feral derived form (fdf ) of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) from India with an evolutionary novelity (Diptera,Calliphoridae). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology. 15(2): 411–413.
