Diptera

Anthomyzidae (Diptera) of Vráž nr. Písek (Czech Republic) Jindřich Roháček1, Miroslav Barták2 & Štěpán Kubík2 1

Slezské zemské muzeum, Tyršova 1, 746 01 Opava; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, CZ-165 21 Praha 6 Suchdol, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract

Altogether 14 species of the family Anthomyzidae are reported from Vráž nr. Písek, representing 73.7 % of all species of this family known from the Czech Republic. The most interesting findings are those of Anagnota major and Anthomyza dissors, occurring locally in Central Europe. Three species found (Anagnota major, Stiphrosoma cingulatum, Anthomyza dissors) are listed in recent “Red list” of the Czech invertebrates, representing 50 % of all species from Czech fauna treated as such. This fact documents high biological quality of the environment of Vráž nr. Písek from the perspective of species conservation. Key words: Diptera, Anthomyzidae, Vráž nr. Písek, faunistics 1. Introduction Adults are minute to small (1.3-4.5 mm), slender-bodied, yellow to black flies, usually with narrow long wings (rarely brachypterous or apterous) and short, slender legs. Adults are mainly associated with humid habitats, particularly with damp meadows, marshes, bogs and damp deciduous or mixed forests with rich undergrowth. Larvae are phytosaprophagous and/or partly phytophagous, usually feeding between the leaf sheaths of the tillers of grasses, sedges and other Cyperaceae, Typhaceae or Juncaceae and preferring plants damaged by other phytophagous insects. Several species are known to mine in dicotyledons and two species of Fungomyza Roháček, 1999, and possibly also Reliquantha variipes Roháček 2013, develop in the sporocarps of fungi. Altogether 32 species are known from Europe and the adjacent island areas (Roháček 2013c, 2006, 2009a, 2013a); 19 species are known from the Czech Republic (19 in Bohemia, 17 in Moravia – Roháček 2009b). The Palaearctic taxa have recently been monographed by Roháček (2006, 2009a, 2013a), who provided keys for their identification and also summarised all the

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available faunistic data from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The nomenclature used here also follows part 2 of this monograph (Roháček 2009a).

2. Material and Methods 2. 1. Description of locality The locality is situated near Vráž nr. Písek. The Landa pond, which has a wide littoral zone, is found in the centre of this locality. The west and southwest areas of the pond are home to Carex spp and other types of wetland vegetation. Large areas surrounding the pond are made up of mixed forest and damp meadows containing many species of plants and grass.

Fig. 1: (1-Landa pond, 2-littoral zone with wetland vegetation, 3-mixed wood, 4-damp meadow) 2. 2. Collecting methods Since 1992, first year students of Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources have been attending the children’s summer camp near Vráž nr. Písek for zoology field training. During the course of their field training, students take samples using various collecting methods:

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a) Sweeping vegetation (SW) b) Yellow pan water traps (PT) c) Malaise trap (MT) d) Pyramidal trap (PYR, described by Barták & Roháček 2011) 2.3. Material Material was partly collected by J. Roháček and depositories of voucher specimens are both Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague and Silesian Museum, Opava. 3. Results List of species Anagnota bicolor (Meigen, 1838). A widespread Eurosiberian species, developing in various graminoid, more rarely dicotyledonous, plants. Sampling dates: 24.v.-24.vi.2010 (MT), 10.viii.-14.ix.2010 (PYR). These records have recently been published by Roháček (2013b). Anagnota major Roháček & Freidberg, 1993. A Submediterranean species, relatively rare in Central Europe. The species is classified as endangered (EN) in the Czech Republic (Roháček 2005). Sampling dates: 18.-22.vi.2007 (SW, PT), 24.vi.-2.viii.2011 (PYR). Partly published by Roháček (2013b). Anthomyza collini Andersson, 1976. Western Palaearctic species (not found in North Africa), widespread throughout Europe and reaching to W. Siberia. In Central Europe it is common, but only in very damp habitats, such as common reed swamps, shores of water reservoirs and Carex boggy meadows. Sampling dates: 1.-4.vi.1998 (SW), 18.22.vi.2007 (SW). Anthomyza dissors Collin, 1944. A Boreo-montane species, widespread in the northern and temperate belt of the Palaearctic Region but restricted to montane valleys and peat bogs in the latter, developing in several large species of Carex. It is treated as a vulnerable (VU) species in the Czech Republic (Roháček 2005). Sampling dates: 2.vi.1992 (SW). This finding was previously published by Roháček (2006). Anthomyza gracilis Fallén, 1823. A very common Palaearctic species developing in various Poaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Typhaceae. Sampling dates: 1.-2.vi.1998 (SW), 8.-10.viii.2003 (SW), 18.22.vi.2007 (SW), 16.-20.vi.2008 (SW), 19.-25.vi.2010 (SW),. Partly publishd by Roháček (2006). Anthomyza macra Czerny, 1928. Palaearctic species, widespread from England to Japan but only recorded from a few countries in Europe (Roháček 2009a). An infrequent species restricted to zone of deciduous forests

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having similar ecological demands as its closest relative, A. pleuralis, but preferring lowland forest undergrowth. Sampling dates: 31.v.1993 (SW), 1., 4.vi.1998 (SW). Anthomyza neglecta Collin, 1944. Temperate European species only known from G. Britain, S. Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. In Central Europe it is an infrequent species restricted to growths of large Carex species (e.g. C. acuta) in lowland to submontane swamps, damp meadows and margins of freshwater reservoirs, more rarely in wet alder forests. Because of scarcity of habitats in the Czech Republic, it is treated as a vulnerable species by Roháček (2005). Sampling dates: 2.vi.1998 (SW). Anthomyza pallida (Zetterstedt, 1838). A Boreo-montane Palaearctic species, in Central Europe usually found in larger grasses at higher altitudes. Sampling dates: 30.v.1994 (SW), 1.vi.1998 (sifting Carex), 2.vi.1998 (SW), 18.-22.vi.2007 (SW). Anthomyza pleuralis Czerny, 1928. A widespread Palaearctic species associated with dicotyledonous plants in undergrowth of wet forests. Sampling dates: 3.-4.vi.1992 (SW), 31.v.1994 (SW); 3.-4.vi.1992 (SW, PT); 1.vi.1998 (SW), 6.vi.-25.viii.2012 (PYR). Partly published by Roháček (2006). Fungomyza albimana (Meigen, 1830). Western Palaearctic species (not found in North Africa). This is probably the only European species developing in sporocarps of fungi, in various types of woodland, predominantly at low altitudes. It was common in Podyjí NP (Roháček, Kubík & Barták 2005) though it otherwise is an infrequent species in the Czech Republic. Sampling dates: 18.-22.vi.2007 (SW). Paranthomyza nitida (Meigen, 1838). A very common Eurosiberian species, developing in dicotyledons in undergrowth of wet forests. Sampling dates: 3.vi.1993 (SW); 1.vi.1998 (SW), 2.-4.vi.1999 (SW, PT); 1.8.vi.2001 (SW, PT); 16.-20.vi.2008 (SW, PT), 24.iv.-19.vi.2010 (PYR), 10.viii.-14.ix.2010 (PYR), 4.-24.vi.2011 (PYR), 2.viii.27.x.2011 (PYR). Some of these records were published by Roháček (2006). Stiphrosoma cingulatum (Haliday, 1855). An uncommon Palaearctic species reaching from Ireland to W. Siberia. It is terricolous species living near bottom in tufts of large species of Cyperaceae and Poaceae in open marshland habitats (see Roháček 2009a, 2013b). Listed as endangered species in „Red list“ (Roháček 2005). Sampling dates: 16.20.vi.2008 (SW, PT). Stiphrosoma laetum (Meigen, 1830). A species distributed in North and Central Europe, frequently occurring in tufts of various graminoid plants. Sampling dates: 4.-24.vi.2011 (PYR), 6.vi.-25.viii.2012 (PYR).

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Stiphrosoma sabulosum (Haliday, 1837). A small Holarctic species living terricolously in tufts of grasses in various types of meadows. Adult flies are wing polymorphic but the brachypterous (flightless) form strongly prevails in populations. Sampling dates: 18.-22.vi.2007 (SW), 16.-20.vi.2008 (SW, PT), 4.-8.vi.2011(SW, PT). 4. Conclusions and discussion Altogether 14 species of the family Anthomyzidae are reported from Vráž nr. Písek, representing 73.7 % of all species of this family known from the Czech Republic. Findings of six species (Angnota bicolor, A. major, Anthomyza dissor, A. gracilis, A. pleuralis and Paranthomyza nitida) from Vráž were previously published by Roháček (2006, 2013b), as stated above. The most interesting findings are those of Anagnota major and Anthomyza dissors, occurring locally in Central Europe, even if A. dissors may be in Carex growths on laggs of peat-bogs quite common. If we compare species spectrum of Anthomyzidae from Vráž (14 species) with that from previous complex researches of Diptera organized by similar team of specialists: BR Pálava (10 species – Roháček 1999), Bílina and Duchcov environs (12 species – Roháček & Barták 2001), NP Podyjí (11 species – Roháček, Kubík & Barták 2005), Poľana (16 species – Roháček, 2009c) it is surprisingly high number of species, when considering their presence on one small location. Three species found (Anagnota major, Stiphrosoma cingulatum, Anthomyza dissors) are listed in the recent “Red list” of Czech invertebrates (Roháček 2005), representing 50 % of all species from Czech fauna treated as such. This fact documents high biological quality of the environment of Vráž nr. Písek from the perspective of species conservation. 5. Acknowledgements This paper was supported by S grant of MSMT (Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth) (M. Barták, Š. Kubík) and by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic by institutional financing of long-term conceptual development of the research institution (the Silesian Museum, MK000100595), internal grant of the Silesian Museum No. IGS201303/2013 (J. Roháček). 6. References Barták M. & Roháček J. 2011: Records of interesting flies (Diptera) attracted to meat baited pyramidal trap on sapping stump of European walnut

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(Juglans regia) in Central Bohemia (Czech Republic). Časopis slezského zemského muzea (A), 60 (3): 223-233. Roháček J., 1999: Anthomyzidae. In Rozkošný R. & Vaňhara J. (eds): Diptera of the Pálava Biosphere Reserve of UNESCO II. Folia Fac. Sci. Nat. Univ. Masaryk. Brun., Biol. 100: 315-318 Roháček J. 2005: Anthomyzidae, pp. 331-332. In Farkač J., Král D. & Škorpík M. (eds): Červený seznam ohrožených druhů České republiky. Bezobratlí. Red List of Threatened Species in the Czech Republic. Evertebrates. Příroda (AOPK ČR), Praha. 760 pp. Roháček J. 2006: A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera) Part 1. Časopis Slezského zemského muzea Opava (A), 55 (suppl.1): 1-328. Roháček J. 2009a: A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera) Part 2. Časopis Slezského zemského muzea Opava (A), 58 (suppl.1): 1-180. Roháček J. 2009b: Anthomyzidae Czerny 1903. In Jedlička L., Kúdela M. & Stloukalová V. (eds): Checklist of Diptera of the Czech Republic and Slovakia.Electronic version 2. http://zoology.fns.uniba.sk/diptera2009. Roháček J. 2009c: Anthomyzidae, pp. 237-239. In Roháček J. & Ševčík J. (eds): Diptera of the Poľana Protected Landscape Area - Biosphere Reserve (Central Slovakia). SNC SR, Administration of the PLA – BR Poľana, Zvolen, 340 pp. Roháček J. 2013a: Reliquantha variipes gen. & sp. nov., a peculiar new taxon of Anthomyzidae (Diptera) from Great Britain with uncertain relationships. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 53(2): 793–814. Roháček J. 2013b: New host plant, habitat and distributional records of West Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera). Časopis Slezského zemského muzea Opava (A), 62: 23-43. Roháček J. 2013c: Fauna Europaea: Anthomyzidae. In Pape T. & Beuk P. (eds): Fauna Europaea: Diptera, Brachycera. Fauna Europaea version 2.6.2. < http://www.faunaeur.org>,.Most species data not modified since 2004. Accessed 01.10.2013. Roháček J. & Barták M. 2001: Anthomyzidae. In Barták M. & Vaňhara J. (eds): Diptera in an industrially affected region (north-western Bohemia, Bílina and Duchcov environs), II. Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis, Biologia 105: 369-373. Roháček J., Kubík Š. & Barták M. 2005: Anthomyzidae, pp 302-305. In: Barták M. & Kubík Š. (eds): Diptera of Podyjí National Park and its Environs. ČZU v Praze, 432 pp.

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ČESKÁ ZEMĚDĚLSKÁ UNIVERZITA V PRAZE FAKULTA AGROBIOLOGIE, POTRAVINOVÝCH A PŘÍRODNÍCH ZDROJŮ

Workshop on biodiversity, Jevany Štěpán Kubík and Miroslav Barták (editors)

2013

ČESKÁ ZEMĚDĚLSKÁ UNIVERZITA V PRAZE FAKULTA AGROBIOLOGIE, POTRAVINOVÝCH A PŘÍRODNÍCH ZDROJŮ

Workshop on biodiversity, Jevany Štěpán Kubík and Miroslav Barták (editors)

© Štěpán Kubík & Miroslav Barták Reviewer: Doc. RNDr. Jan Minář, Dr.Sc. Proceedings of the „Workshop on biodiversity”, Jevany, 2.-3.th July, 2013

This project was financially supported by S grant of MSMT (Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth)

The workshop was organized under the auspices of the Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal Production

ISBN: 978-80-213-2423-7

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