Christo Coetzee. Kylah Forbes. Yolanda Maartens. Elrista Annandale. Toto Tshona. Emmanuel Raju. The South African Local Government Association (SALGA) ...
!!
! ! >#')8! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 8'6! (+6*9,! ;406*'90! E'*:'0! +)6:! (7:+,+! 9;! 19F+,02+0*T! &'()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!19+(!>+?90=!74,+!8'0+!;406*'90!,+(790('>'8'*?T!&'()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)(!)0!)6*'F'*?! ! 9;! )88! (7:+,+(! 9;! G9F+,02+0*! ,+8)*+(! *9! )0! '0*+1,)*+=R! 248*'V(+6*9,)8R! 248*'V='(6'78'0),?! )77,9)6:! )'2+=! )*! ! ,+=46'01!*:+!,'(.!)((96')*+=!E'*:!:)H),=(!)0=!F480+,)>'8'*?T!! ! ! ! 35OG5! 6922'(('90+=! ,+(+),6:! '0*9! *:+! 64,,+0*! (*)*+! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! E'*:'0! O96)8! G9F+,02+0*! '0! 394*:!5;,'6)T!M:+!5;,'6)0!'4&+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+>*4%&%',7+(',524,'+)6'41%',7+>*4%1%5)3+-'5)(&>'4&,M+""""""""""""""""+)3+-%,),&'(+(%,=+>)4)6'>'4&+5(2P'1&,+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+8!! '4&+F3)4+)4-+J0F+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+89! M#9! G070)012!18!(1B&)!*2;!(&)F12)050B0/0&)!5&/C&&2!/,&!F(1702+0*B!'4&+G.+2&;'(+(23'+R+53).'(,+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+8N! '4&+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+N8! >*4%1)&'-+'@@'1&%K'3.+E%&;+-%,),&'(+(%,=+>)4)6'>'4&+ 2@@%1%)3,+""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+NO! '4&+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+O#! '4&+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+O!! '4&+"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""+O!!
OM! +8#$$,*F,0!-.!/(0#0-,'!T(0W!>#*#F,?,*-!#-!$.)#$!F.
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
N!
E@1C!L"!"@Z;TK1! J'14,+!%C!-+(790(+!='(*,'>4*'90!7+,!*?7+!9;!240'6'7)8'*?!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!%`! J'14,+!$C!G+0=+,!='(*,'>4*'90!9;!,+(790=+0*(!7+,!*?7+!9;!240'6'7)8'*?!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!%X! J'14,+!`C!J406*'90'01!9;!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!E'*:'0!)88!240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!$a! J'14,+!bC!J406*'90'01!9;!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!7+,!7,9F'06+!PIE)c484V@)*)8R!J,++!3*)*+R! L)(*+,0V!)0=!A+(*+,0!8'(:+=!'0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!`%! J'14,+!dC!S+,6+0*)1+!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!E'*:!U&SV&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!S8)0!'0*+1,)*'90!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!``! J'14,+!%"C!@42>+,!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!E'*:!)0!'0*+1,)*+=!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!S8)0!)(!7),*!9;!*:+',!U&S !TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!`b! J'14,+!%%C!][8'(:+=!F9840*++,!40'*(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!`\! J'14,+!%bC!S+,6+0*)1+!9;!='(*,'6*!)0=!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!E'*:!)0!'0*+,V240'6'7)8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 699,='0)*'01!2+6:)0'(2!'0!78)6+!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!`\! J'14,+!%XC!S+,6+7*'90!9;!)=+e4)*+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(*);;!'0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!`d! J'14,+!%aC!3*);;!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!E'*:!*+,*'),?!e4)8';'6)*'90(!7+,!240'6'7)8'*?!*?7+!TTTTTT!`d! J'14,+!%\C!S+,6+7*'90!9;!)77,97,')*+!)0=!,+8+F)0*!+e4'72+0*!'0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!b`! J'14,+!%#C!S,9F'06+(f!7+,6+7*'90!9;!)77,97,')*+!)0=!,+8+F)0*!+e4'72+0*!)*!240'6'7)8'*?!8+F+8!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!b`! J'14,+!%dC!5=+e4)*+!>4=1+*!)8896)*'90!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!ba! J'14,+!$"C!D4=1+*!)8896)*'90!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!74,79(+(!7+,!7,9F'06+!PO'27979R!G)4*+01R! /742)8)01)R!@9,*:VA+(*!)0=!@9,*:+,0!4=1+*!)*!240'6'7)8!8+F+8!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!b#! J'14,+!$`C!S,9F'06')8!19F+,02+0*(f!7+,6+7*'90!9;!+W'(*+06+!)0=!)=+e4)6?!9;!240'6'7)8'*?!>4=1+*(!TTTTTTTTTTT!b#! J'14,+!$bC!5=+e4)6?!9;!>4=1+*(!7+,!7,9F'06+!PO'27979R!G)4*+01R!/742)8)01)R!@9,*:VA+(*!)0=!@9,*:+,0! ?!896)8!19F+,02+0*!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!X$! J'14,+!$dC!S,+F+0*'90!)0=!2'*'1)*'90!;964(!'0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!X`! J'14,+!`"C!/40'6'7)8'*?!=+7),*2+0*)8!'0F98F+2+0*!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!X\! J'14,+!`%C![4*('=+!(*).+:98=+,!'0F98F+2+0*!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!X#! J'14,+!`$C!4=1+*'01!;9,! =';;+,+0*!)6*'F'*'+(!)0=!7,9N+6*(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!#$! J'14,+!b"C!G,)0*(!,+6+'F+=!>?!240'6'7)8'*'+(!*9!+(*)>8'(:!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!#b! J'14,+!b%C!S,9F'06')8!;'0)06')8!690*,'>4*'90!*9E),=(!240'6'7)8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!#X!
! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
P!
E@1C!L"!C%JEK1! M)>8+!%C!-+(+),6:!()278+!>,+).=9E0!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!%`! M)>8+!$C!3*,)*';'+=!,)2=92!()278+!7+,!7,9F'06+!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!%b! M)>8+!`C!-+(790(+!='(*,'>4*'90!7+,!7,9F'06+!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!%b! M)>8+!bC!M+8+7:90+!,+(790=+0*(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!%X! M)>8+!XC!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!5=F'(9,?!J9,42!+(*)>8'(:+=!7+,!7,9F'06+!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!`"! M)>8+!aC!U0*+,=+7),*2+0*)8!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!8+!#C!Le4'72+0*!0+6+((),?!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!;406*'90!*9!>+!6),,'+=!94*!+;;+6*'F+8?!)*!896)8! 19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!bb! M)>8+!dC!L0941:!.09E8+=1+!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!798'6?!)0=!8+1'(8)*'90!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!XX! M)>8+!%"C!588!7,96+=4,+(!,+e4',+=!>?!8+1'(8)*'90!:)F+!>++0!;9889E+=!'0!9,=+,!*9!(+*!47!*:+!&'()(*+,!-'(.! /)0)1+2+0*!8+!%%C!!LW*+0*!*9!E:'6:!69V97+,)*'90!'(!+W7+,'+06+=!>+*E++0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!='()(*+,!,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!)*!7,9F'06')8!)0=!0)*'90)8!8+F+8!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!Xd! M)>8+!%$C!!LW*+0*!*9!E:'6:!;9,2)8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!7,9N+6*(!:)F+!>++0!+(*)>8'(:+=!E'*:'0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!a`! M)>8+!%`C!LW*+0*!*9!E:'6:!'0;9,2)8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!7,9N+6*(!:)F+!>++0!+(*)>8'(:+=!E'*:'0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!a`! M)>8+!%bC!!O+F+8!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!>?!9*:+,!,98+V78)?+,(!'0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!TTTTTTTTTT!a\! M)>8+!%XC!!LW*+0*!*9!E:'6:!*:+,+!'(!)!68+),!=+;'0'*'90!9;!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!>+*E++0!*:+!F),'94(!,98+V 78)?+,(!'0!*:+!240'6'7)8'*?!,+8)*'01!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!\b! M)>8+!%aC!O96)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(f!;'0)06')8!690*,'>4*'90!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!#a! M)>8+!%\C!&+1,++!*9!E:'6:!240'6'7)8'*'+(!;40=!+=46)*'90R!*,)'0'01!)0=!6)7)6'*?!=+F+8972+0*!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!##! M)>8+!%#C!-98+!9;!@G[(!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT!d%!
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
X! !
6M!!
@7CTL/;+C@L7!
! &'()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '0! 394*:! 5;,'6)! '(! +(*)>8'(:+=! )(! )! 74>8'6! (+6*9,! ;406*'90! E'*:'0! +)6:! (7:+,+!9;!19F+,02+0*!P394*:!5;,'6)R!$""`QR!>4*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!19+(!>+?90=!74,+!8'0+! ;406*'90! ,+(790('>'8'*?T! &'()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )(! )0! )6*'F'*?! 9;! )88! (7:+,+(! 9;! G9F+,02+0*! ,+8)*+(! *9! )0! '0*+1,)*+=R! 248*'V(+6*9,)8R! 248*'V='(6'78'0),?! )77,9)6:! )'2+=! )*! ,+=46'01! *:+! ,'(.! )((96')*+=! E'*:! :)H),=(! )0=! F480+,)>'8'*?! P394*:! 5;,'6)R! $""`g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e4',+2+0*(!9;!*:+!56*R!(46:!*'2+!:)(!8901!8)7(+=R!)0=!*:+!2)N9,'*?!9;! ='(*,'6*!)0=!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!(*'88!=9!09*!:)F+!)=+e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
!
Q!
e4+(*'90(!*9!>+!)==,+((+=!>?!*:'(!,+(+),6:!),+!='(64((+=T!3+690=8?R!*:+!9>N+6*'F+(!9;!*:+!,+(+),6:! ),+! )884=+=! *9R! ;9889E+=! >?! )0! '0V=+7*:! +W78)0)*'90! 9;! *:+! ,+(+),6:! =+('10! 9;! *:'(! '0*+,F+0*'90T! 34>(+e4+0*8?! *:+! =)*)! 6988+6*'90R! )0)8?('(! )0=! '0*+,7,+*)*'90! ),+! 1'F+0T! M,')0148)*'90! '(! +0(4,+=! *:,941:!*:+!,9>4(*!=+('10!9;!*:+!,+(+),6:!'0*+,F+0*'90T!U0!690684('90R!,+6922+0=)*'90(!,+1),='01! ='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!),+!2)=+!*9!35OG5T!
4M!
R;TRL1K!L"!C[K!TK1K%T+[!
! M:+! 74,79(+! 9;! *:+! ,+(+),6:! E)(! *9! 690=46*! )! (6'+0*';'6! ,+(+),6:! '0*+,F+0*'90! *9! =+*+,2'0+! *:+! (*)*4(! e49! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! E'*:'0! *:+! 896)8! (7:+,+! 9;! G9F+,02+0*! '0684='01! )88! 6)*+19,'+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(T! !
4M6!
\,=!',0,#')8!]2,0-(.*0!
! M:+!,+(+),6:!)==,+((+=!*:+!;9889E'01!e4+(*'90(C! ! •
A:)*! ),+! *:+! '0(*'*4*'90)8! ),,)01+2+0*(! P(*,46*4,+(R! (*);;R! ,+(94,6+(! )0=! ,+79,*'01Q! 9;! *:+! F),'94(!6)*+19,'+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!P'0684='01!9,1)0(!9;!(*)*+Qh!
•
M9!E:)*!+W*+0*!:)(!*:+!,+e4',+2+0*(!9;!*:+!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!56*!)0=!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! J,)2+E9,.! >++0! '278+2+0*+=! >?! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! )0=! 9,1)0(! 9;! (*)*+! )*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8!8+F+8h!
•
A:)*! ),+! *:+! ='F'('90! 9;! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+*E++0! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*(R! ='(*,'6*R!2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(h!
•
A:)*! ),+! *:+! ;'0)06')8! 6922'*2+0*(! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! 8+F+8h!
•
A:)*!),+!*:+!1)7(!>+*E++0!*:+!7,979(+=!'278+2+0*)*'90!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=! *:+!)6*4)8!('*4)*'90!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8h!
•
A:)*!,+6922+0=)*'90(!6)0!>+!2)=+!*9!35OG5!'0!9,=+,!*9!>,'=1+!*:+!+W'(*'01!1)7(!E'*:'0!'*(! 2)0=)*+h!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
65! !
4M4!
LB^,)-(N+6*'F+(!9;!*:+!,+(+),6:!E+,+!*9C! ! •
&+*+,2'0+!*:+!'0(*'*4*'90)8!),,)01+2+0*(!P(*,46*4,+(R!(*);;R!,+(94,6+(!)0=!,+79,*'01Q!9;!*:+! F),'94(!6)*+19,'+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!P'0684='01!9,1)0(!9;!(*)*+QT!
•
LF)84)*+! *9! E:)*! +W*+0*! :)F+! *:+! ,+e4',+2+0*(! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 56*! )0=! @)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!J,)2+E9,.!>++0!'278+2+0*+=!>?!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!9,1)0(! 9;!(*)*+!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8!8+F+8T!
•
50)8?(+! *:+! ='F'('90! 9;! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+*E++0! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*(R! ='(*,'6*R!2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!
•
&+*+,2'0+! )0=! ='(64((! *:+! ;'0)06')8! 6922'*2+0*(! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T!
•
LF)84)*+!*:+!1)7(!>+*E++0!*:+!7,979(+=!'278+2+0*)*'90!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=! *:+!)6*4)8!('*4)*'90!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T!
•
/).+!,+6922+0=)*'90(!*9!35OG5!'0!9,=+,!*9!>,'=1+!*:+!+W'(*'01!1)7(!E'*:'0!'*(!2)0=)*+T!
!
IM!
>KC[L/LELZY!
!
IM6!
T,0,#')8!3,0(F*!
! M:+!2+*:9=9891?!4(+=!'0!*:'(!(*4=?!6927,'(+=!*E9!,+(+),6:!7,96+=4,+(C!)!8'*+,)*4,+!(*4=?!)0=!)0! +27','6)8! ,+(+),6:! '0*+,F+0*'90T! _2#$(-#-(8+!8'*+,)*4,+!'0!G9F+,02+0*!,+8)*'01!*9!*:+!,+(+),6:!e4+(*'90(!E)(!,+F'+E+=T!U0!7),*'648),! *:+!;9889E'01!=9642+0*(!E+,+!4(+=C! ! • 5004)8! S,9F'06')8! ,+79,*(! 90! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! *9! *:+! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*!,-'.! a! a! N!
/(0-'()-! ba! %\! 64!
! M:+!(*,)*';'+=!,)0=92!()278+!7,9=46+=!*:+!;9889E'01!='(*,'>4*'90!7+,!7,9F'06+T! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
6I!
Table 2: Stratified ramdom sample per province
R'.+,(!9;!LW+64*'F+!*)'0! '0;9,2)*'90!,+1),='01!*:+!798'*'6)8!290'*9,'01!)0=!9F+,('1:*!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 798'6'+(!)0=!(*,)*+1'+(T!! !! M+8+7:90+! '0*+,F'+E(! E+,+! )8(9! :+8=! E'*:! 90+! 090V19F+,02+0*)8! 9,1)0'()*'90! P@G[Q! 7+,! 7,9F'06+!)0=!E'*:!,+7,+(+0*)*'F+(!9;!7),)(*)*)8(!'0!9,=+,!*9!9>*)'0!'0;9,2)*'90!,+1),='01! *:+',!;964(!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!! ! Table 4: Telephone respondents
T,0D.*3,*-0! /L8'6!(+6*9,!+0F',902+0*T! !
SM!!E@CKT%C;TK!TKA@K:V!!/@1%1CKT!T@1\!>%7%ZK>K7C!! !
SM6!!C8,!3(0#0-,'!'(0W!).*-,`-V!#!$(-,'#-2',!',+'01! 8)>+88+=! k)! ='()(*+,lT!U0!29(*!'0(*)06+(!(46:!09*)*'90!E+,+!8'0.+=!*9!*:+!+W*+0*!9;!*:+!=+F)(*)*'90R!89((!9;!8';+! )0=! 8'F+8':99=(! )0=! )! 1+0+,)8! ,+8')06+! 90! 94*('=+! :+87T! M:+! 09*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,! :)(R! :9E+F+,R! 40=+,190+!)!=,)2)*'6!*,)0(;9,2)*'90!9;!2+)0'01!9F+,!*'2+!P(++!*:+!E9,.!9;!_4),)0*+88'R!%dd#QT!U0! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
6O! !
*:+!+),8?!=+F+8972+0*!9;!:42)0.'0=!)0=!6'F'8'()*'90(R!2)0?R!';!09*!29(*R!9;!*:+!648*4,+(!),940=! *:+!E9,8=!F'+E+=!='()(*+,(!)(!)6*(!9;!G9=!P&,)>+.R!%dd%CbQR!9,!)**,'>4*+=!*9!'*!(92+!;)8(+!6)(4)8! )**,)6*'90(! (46:! )(! k!( 1#%'5l! 9,! k+F'8! (*),lR! k>)=! 846.l! )0=! k>8'0=! ;)'*:l! P&92>,9E(.?! '0! _4),)0*+88'R! %dd#C%dQT! &'()(*+,(! E+,+! 7+,6+'F+=! )(! '0+F'*)>8+! +F+0*(! E:'6:! '27)6*(! 90! :42)0'*?! =4+!*9!94,!'0)>'8'*?!*9!78+)(+!19=(R!9,!>?!7,9F9.'01!*:+',!E,)*:T!&+F+8972+0*!'0!(6'+06+!1,)=4)88?! (*),*+=!*9!e4+(*'90!*:+(+!7+,6+7*'90(!)0=!k*,4*:(l!9;!='()(*+,T!M:+!'0F+(*'1)*'90!'0*9!*:+!'0*,'0('6! 0)*4,+! 9;! ='()(*+,(! )(! E+88! )(! *:+! :42)0! ,+)6*'90! *9! )0=! 40=+,8?'01! 6)4()8! ;)6*9,(! 6,+)*'01! ='()(*+,(R!7,91,+(('F+8?!6)2+!40=+,!*:+!(79*8'1:*T! ! M:+!;964(!90!='()(*+,!)0=!,'(.!6)2+!)>94*!*:,941:!F),'94(!'0'*')*'F+(!)0=!+F+0*(!('06+!*:+!3+690=! A9,8=! A),T! M:+! (6'+0*';'6! (*4=?! 9;! ='()(*+,! )0=! ,'(.! '(! 90+! (46:! +F+0*T! 5! ;964(! 90! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! )0=! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! E948=! *:+,+;9,+! >+! '069278+*+! E'*:94*! )! ='(64(('90! 9;! *:+!,99*(!9;!='()(*+,!(*4='+(!)0=!,+(+),6:!>9*:!E'*:'0!*:+!(96')8!)(!E+88!)(!0)*4,)8!(6'+06+(T!! ! 392+!9;!*:+!+),8'+(*!,+69,=+=!'=+)(!90!='()(*+,!)0=!,'(.!E'*:'0!*:+!(96')8!(6'+06+(!E+,+!+W7,+((+=! >?! *:+! 8'.+(! 9;! (+e4+0*!E9,.(!>?!9*:+,(!'0!='()(*+,!(*4='+(T!392+!9;!*:+!;',(*!(?(*+2)*'6!E9,.!'0! ='()(*+,!(*4='+(!)0=!,+(+),6:!9664,,+=!'0!*:+!%dX"(!PL0=+82)0R!%dX$g!S9E+88R!-)?0+,!m!J'0+('01+,R! %dX$g! _4),)0*+88'R! %dXb! m! %dX\g! /99,+R! %dXag! J,'*H! m! A'88')2(R! %dX\Q! )0=! %da"(! P&,)>+.! m! _4),)0*+88'R!%da\g!&?0+(!m!_4),)0*+88'R!%da#QR!E'*:!)!09*'6+)>8+!:+'1:*+0+=!'0*+,+(*!'0!*:+!%d\"(! P&941:*?R!%d\%g!]+E'**!m!D4,*90R!%d\%g!I,+7(R!%d\`g!&?0+(R!%d\bg!/'8+*'R!&,)>+.!m!]))(g!%d\Xg! G8)0*HR! %d\ag! A+(*1)*+! m! [fI++;+R! %d\ag! [fI++;+R! A+(*1)*+! m! A'(0+,R%d\ag! n)1+,R! %d\\g! M9,,?R! %d\#g! M4,0+,R! %d\#QT! M:+(+! +),8'+,! *:+9,'(*(! )77,9)6:+=! *:+! 6906+7*! 9;! ='()(*+,! ;,92! )! (96')8! (6'+06+! )(! E+88! )(! )! 0)*4,)8^7:?('6)8! (6'+06+! 7+,(7+6*'F+T! U*! '(! )8(9! +F'=+0*! '0! *:'(! 7+,'9=! P%d\"(Q! *:)*! L4,97+)0! (6:98),(! E+,+! 246:! 29,+! '0*+,+(*+=! '0! *:'(! 7:+092+090! *:)0! *:+',! 52+,'6)0! 6940*+,7),*(T!M:+!+09,294(!690*,'>4*'90!9;!52+,'6)0!(96')8!(6'+06+!(6:98),(!('06+!*:+!%d#"(!6)0R! :9E+F+,R!09*!>+!=+0'+=T! ! G'8>+,*!P'0!_4),)0*+88'R!%dd#C%%Q!'0='6)*+(!*:)*!*:+!(96')8!(6'+06+!7+,(7+6*'F+!)77,9)6:+=!*:+!(*4=?! 9;!='()(*+,!;,92!*:,++!=';;+,+0*!7),)='12(R!*:)*!9;!690*+0*!,+(+),6:R!6:,909891'6)8!=+F+8972+0*! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
6P!
)0=!8)(*8?R!68+)F)1+(T!U0!*:+!;',(*!'0(*)06+!='()(*+,!E)(!F'+E+=!)(!)!8034"2$%"5,(57(9$'!V!)0!+W*+,0)8! )1+0*!6)0!>+!'=+0*';'+=!E:'6:!,+e4',+(!692240'*'+(!*9!,+)6*!189>)88?!)1)'0(*!*:+!k)11,+(('90l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e4).+(R! ;899=(R! 24=(8'=+(R! 6?6890+(R! '0=4(*,')8! )66'=+0*(! )0=! 0468+),! ;)8894*T! M:+! 0)*4,)8! (6'+06+(!*:+,+;9,+!)'2+=!*9!40=+,(*)0=!*:+!=?0)2'6(!9;!:)H),=(!P32'*:R!$""$g!8+! *9! ,+6,+)*+! ,+)8'*?! >)(+=!90!)819,'*:2(!*:)*!('248)*+!6:)01+(!9F+,!*'2+!+W)6*8?T!! ! G'8>+,*! P%ddXC$`$V$``Q! 7,968)'2(! *:)*! *:+! (6'+0*';'6! )77,9)6:! *9! ='()(*+,! )0=! ,'(.! '(! '0! 2)0?! '0(*)06+(!)!,+;8+6*'90!9;!*:+!k2),.+*l!'0!E:'6:!='()(*+,!,+(+),6:!>+6)2+!)0!'0(*'*4*'90)8!=+2)0=T! M:+!:'(*9,'6)8!='()(*+,!P)0=!,'(.Q!(*4='+(!8'*+,)*4,+!*+0=+=!*9!;964(!90!k659(%6&('"26(,$%"5,#(7&&4l! P3)6:(R! %dd"C$aQ! )0=! ='=! 09*! 0+6+((),'8?! )==,+((! *:+! (96')8R! +69092'6R! )0=! 798'*'6)8! ,+)8'*'+(! '0! 799,+,! 6940*,'+(! 29(*! );;+6*+=! >?! ='()(*+,(T! M:+! 0)*4,)8! (6'+06+(! E+,+R! :9E+F+,R! *:+! ;',(*! *9! )==,+((!'((4+(!9;!7,9>)>'8'*?!)0=!,'(.!>)(+=!90!e4)0*';')>8+!:)H),=!F),')>8+(T!/9,+9F+,!*:+!;964(! 90!,'(.!P)(!9779(+=!*9!='()(*+,Q!)(!)!(96')8!7:+092+090!>+6)2+!+F'=+0*!=4,'01!*:+!8)**+,!7),*!9;! *:+!%d\"(T!U0!*:+!%d#"(!)!189>)8!,+)8'()*'90!=+F+897+=!*:)*!='()(*+,!'(!09*!(9!246:!*:+!('H+!9;!*:+! 7:?('6)8!+F+0*!>4*!*:+!'0)>'8'*?!9;!*:+!(*,'6.+0!692240'*?!*9!)>(9,>!*:+!'27)6*!E'*:'0!'*(!7,97+,! (+*! 9;! 690(*,)'0*(! )0=! 6)7)6'*'+(! PO+6:)*R! %dd"C$g! O)F+88R! %dddQT! M:'(! ,+)8'()*'90! :'1:8'1:*+=! *:+! 0++=!*9E),=(!)!,'(.R!,)*:+,!*:)0!='()(*+,!;964(!'0!='()(*+,!(*4='+(!)0=!,+(+),6:T!! ! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
6X! !
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e4)0*';'+=! )0=! 9>N+6*'F+8?! N4=1+=T! 5(! E'*:! *:+! +),8'+,! +27:)('(! 90! *:+! e4)0*';'6)*'90!9;!='()(*+,R!(9!*:+!)66+0*!E'*:'0!*:+!0)*4,)8!)0=!7:?('6)8!(6'+06+!,+2)'0+=!90!*:+! e4)0*';'6)*'90!9;!,'(.T!M:'(!+(*'2)*'90!9;!,'(.!)8(9!*,)0(8)*+=!*9!*:+!+69092'6!)0=!)6*4),')8!(6'+06+(! *:)*!>+8'+F+!*:)*!,'(.!6)0!>+!=+*+,2'0+=!*:,941:!2)*:+2)*'6)8!;9,248)+T!]+E'**!P'0!_4),)0*+88'R! %dd#C\aQR! )! 1+9:)H),=! (6'+0*'(*R! )6.09E8+=1+(! *:)*! *:+! (96')8! 40=+,(*)0='01! 9;! ='()(*+,! '(! 246:! 29,+!6,46')8!*9!*:+!690*+279,),?!='()(*+,^,'(.!(6+0+T!! ! U*!E948=!>+!40N4(*!*9!)((42+!*:)*!>9*:!9;!*:+!2+0*'90+=!(6:998(!9;!*:941:*!9,!7),)='12(!+0N9?+=! +e4)8!(*)*4(!E'*:'0!*:+!'0*+,0)*'90)8!),+0)T!]+E'**!P'0!_4),)0*+88'R!%dd#C\\V\#Q!()?(!*:)*!*:+!74,+! ;964(!90!*:+!(96')8!690(*,46*!9;!='()(*+,^,'(.!>?!*:+!690(*,46*'F'(*(!'109,+(!*:+!:)H),=!9,!k$-&,%? #3&2"7"2l! )77,9)6:T! M:'(! )77,9)6:! ,+2)'0+=! *:+! 29(*! 692290! F'('90! 9;! ='()(*+,(R! +F+0! '0! *:+! E9,.! 9;! (96')8! (6'+0*'(*(! E'*:'0! *:+! %d#"(T! D9*:! 9;! *:+(+! (6:998(! 9;! *:941:*! :)F+! 2)=+! *:+! 7),)='12! (:';*! ;,92! )! 74,+! ='()(*+,! 9,'+0*+=! ;964(! *9! *:)*! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.T! M:+! 690*+279,),?! 40=+,(*)0='01! 9;! ,'(.! :)(! 1,+)*8?! '06,+)(+=! *9! *:+! +W*+0*! *:)*! F),'94(! (6:98),(! ;,92! )! F),'+*?! 9;! =';;+,+0*! ='(6'78'0+(! P+T1T! (96'9891?R! )0*:,979891?R! 1+91,)7:?R! ),6:'*+6*4,+R! )1,'648*4,+R! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
6Q!
2+*+9,9891?R! +01'0++,'01R! 8)ER! 74>8'6! )=2'0'(*,)*'90! )0=! =+F+8972+0*! (*4='+(Q! ),+! N9'0*8?! ,+(+),6:'01!'((4+(!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!P8'6! (+6*9,! ;406*'90! E'*:'0! +)6:! (7:+,+! 9;! 19F+,02+0*T! &'()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*R! :9E+F+,R! 19+(! >+?90=! 74,+! 8'0+! ;406*'90! ,+(790('>'8'*?T! &'()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )(! )0! )6*'F'*?! 9;! )88! (7:+,+(! 9;! 19F+,02+0*! ,+8)*+(! *9! )0! '0*+1,)*+=R! 248*'V(+6*9,)8R!248*'V='(6'78'0),?!)77,9)6:!)'2+=!)*!,+=46'01!*:+!,'(.!)((96')*+=!E'*:!:)H),=(!)0=! F480+,)>'8'*?T! &'()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! *:+,+;9,+! 0++=(! *9! >+692+! )0! '0*+1,)8! 7),*! 9;! *:+! =+F+8972+0*!78)00'01!7,96+((!'0!9,=+,!*9!>+!(466+((;48T!J9,!*:'(!,+)(90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 78)0(! ;9,2! )0! '278'6'*! 7),*! 9;! *:+! U0*+1,)*+=! &+F+8972+0*! S8)0! PU&SQ! 9;! +)6:! )0=! +F+,?! 240'6'7)8'*?T! ! U0!$""`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e4',+2+0*(!9;!*:+!56*R!(46:! *'2+! :)(! 8901! 8)7(+=R! )0=! *:+! 2)N9,'*?! 9;! ='(*,'6*! )0=! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! (*'88! =9+(! 09*! :)F+! )=+e4)*+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!2+)(4,+(!9,!'0(*'*4*'90)8!6)7)6'*?!'0!78)6+T!@9*!908?!=9+(!*:'(! 2).+! *:+! '278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 56*! )0=! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! S98'6?! J,)2+E9,.! '279(('>8+R! '*! )==(! *9! *:+! +W'(*'01! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 7,9;'8+! 9;! 2)0?! 896)8! 692240'*'+(T! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
45! !
!
SM4!!C8,!$,F#$!(?D,'#-(8'(:+=! 40=+,(*)0='01! 9;! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*R! *:+! 7,'2),?! ,+(790('>'8'*?! ;9,! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)!,+(*(!E'*:!G9F+,02+0*T!! ! 5669,='01!*9!S),*!5R!36:+=48+!b!9;!*:+!N+6*! *9! )0?! 690='*'90(R! 9;! *:+! )=2'0'(*,)*'90! 9;! )0?! 2)**+,! 8'(*+=! '0! S),*! 5R! 36:+=48+! b! P+T1T! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*Q! *:)*! 0+6+((),'8?! ,+8)*+(! *9! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*R! ';! *:)*! 2)**+,! E948=! 29(*! +;;+6*'F+8?!>+!)=2'0'(*+,+=!896)88?!)0=!';!*:+!240'6'7)8'*?!:)(!*:+!6)7)6'*?!*9!)=2'0'(*+,!'*T!! ! U*!'(!692290!6)4(+!*:)*!*:+!'27)6*!9;!79F+,*?!'(!)!7'F9*)8!;)6*9,!'0!*:+!7,91,+(('90!9;!F480+,)>'8'*?! *9!:)H),=(T!M:'(!'(!9;!7),*'648),!,+8+F)06+!'0!*:+!394*:!5;,'6)0!(6+0),'9R!E'*:!*:+!:41+!8+1)6?!8+;*! >?!*:+!)7),*:+'=!19F+,02+0*!9;!=+(7+,)*+8?!'279F+,'(:+=!)0=!='()=F)0*)1+=!692240'*'+(!E:9! ),+!)(!)!,+(48*!+W*,+2+8?!F480+,)>8+!*9!='()(*+,(!PY)0!@'+.+,.R!-+'=!m!/9.90?)2)R!$""$Ca`VabQT!U*! '(! E'*:'0! *:+(+! 896)8! 692240'*'+(! *:)*! *:+! (2)88+,! >4*! 246:! 29,+! ;,+e4+0*! :)H),=(! 9664,R! )0=! E:+,+!*:+!69(*(!'0!*+,2(!9;!89((!9;!8'F+(!)0=!7,97+,*?!)0=!*:+!;'0)06')8!>4,=+0!),+!>9,0+!7)'0;488?T! M:+,+! '(! 8'**8+! =94>*! *:)*! '0! 9,=+,! *9! +0(4,+! +;;+6*'F+8?! '0*+1,)*+=! )0=! 69V9,='0)*+=! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*R!*:+!)6*4)8!'278+2+0*)*'90!)0=!78)00'01!24(*!>+!;964(+=!'0!*:+!896)8!19F+,02+0*! (7:+,+T! U*! '(! 40'F+,()88?! )66+7*+=! *:)*! *:+! )778'6)*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9664,(! 29(*! +;;+6*'F+8?!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!PB@U3&-R!$""`C%##V%dXQT!8'(:2+0*!9;!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+T! ! J,92!*:+!)>9F+!'*!'(!*:+,+;9,+!68+),!*:)*!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!;9,2(!)0!'0*+1,)8!7),*!9;!*:+!394*:! 5;,'6)0! 74>8'6! (+6*9,T! M:+! G9F+,02+0*f(! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 798'6?! 09*! 908?! 74,(4+(! *:+(+! 690(*'*4*'90)8! 9>8'1)*'90(! >4*! )8(9! )'2(! *9! 1'F+! +;;+6*! *9! *:+! ,'1:*! *9! 8';+R! +e4)8'*?R! ='10'*?R! +0F',902+0*R!7,97+,*?R!:+)8*:6),+R!;99=R!E)*+,R!)0=!(96')8!(+64,'*?!'0!*+,2(!9;!*:+!D'88!9;!-'1:*(!9;! *:+! 8+!2)0)1+2+0*!+8+2+0*!E'*:'0!*:+!74>8'6!(+6*9,!*:)*!E'88!14'=+R!9F+,(++!)0=!)=F'(+!90! ='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!,+8)*+=!'((4+(T!M:+!A:'*+!S)7+,!90!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!'0='6)*+(!*:)*R!k",( /50%6( 17'"2$@( %6&( 2$3$2"%=( 75'( .$,$-",-( 8"#$#%&'#( ;$'"( 7'5.( 5,-5",-( #&';"2&( $,8( ",7'$#%'02%0'&( 3'5;"#"5,@($#(3$'%(57(45,-&'?%&'.(8&;&453.&,%(","%"$%";@(%5(%6$%(57(&.&'-&,2=(3'&3$'&8,#($,8( '#,#&( A0#0$44=( %'"--&'&8( +,! 9;! (:9,*692'01(!E+,+!'=+0*';'+=!*:)*!:)27+,!+;;+6*'F+!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T!M:+(+!'0684=+!*:+!8)6.! 9;C! !! 'T
)0!+;;+6*'F+!)0=!6927,+:+0('F+!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!(*,)*+1?g!!
''T 699,='0)*'90! )0=! 68+),! 8'0+(! 9;! ,+(790('>'8'*?! ;9,! *:9(+! '0F98F+=! '0! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*g! '''T 19F+,02+0*!6)7)6'*?R!7),*'648),8?!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*!)0=!'0!,4,)8!),+)(R!*9!'278+2+0*! ='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*g!)0=!! 'FT '0*+1,)*'90! 9;! 6'F'8! (96'+*?! '0*9! +;;+6*'F+! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! )6*'F'*'+(R! 7),*'648),8?! *:9(+!6906+,0+=!E'*:!,'(.!,+=46*'90!P394*:!5;,'6)R!%dddQT!! ! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
44! !
[0+! 9;! *:+! E)?(! *9! 9F+,692+! *:+! )>9F+V2+0*'90+=! 6:)88+01+(! E)(! *9! =+F+897! )! 2)0)1+2+0*! (*,46*4,+!)*!0)*'90)8!8+F+8!*9!=,'F+!*:+!;406*'90!9;!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)T!J,92!*:+! '06+7*'90!9;!*:+!G,++0!S)7+,!90!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!P394*:!5;,'6)R!%dd#Q!*:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!)! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! +6)2+! +F'=+0*T! M:+! +0F'()1+=! )'2! 9;! *:+! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!?! )! 042>+,! 9;! 7,9F'06+(!)0=!240'6'7)8'*'+(!+F+0!>+;9,+!*:+!7,92481)*'90!9;!*:+!0+E!8+1'(8)*'90T!! ! M:'(!0+E!8+1'(8)*'90R!:9E+F+,R!)(!'*!)778'+(!*9!*:+!896)8!(7:+,+!9;!19F+,02+0*R!78)6+(!*:+!904(!90! ='(*,'6*! P);*+,! 690(48*)*'90! )0=! '0! 7),*0+,(:'7! E'*:! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(Q! )0=! 2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(!*9!+(*)>8'(:!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!)0=!(*,46*4,+(!E'*:'0!*:+',!)=2'0'(*,)*'90! )0=!),+)!9;!,+(790('>'8'*?T!M:+(+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!:)F+!*:+!()2+!,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )(! *:+! @&/4*! *9! *:+! +W*+0*! *:)*! *:+(+! 79E+,(! )0=! =4*'+(! )778?! *9! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! 9,! 896)8! (7:+,+T!50!),+)!9;!64,,+0*!6906+,0!'(!*:)*!*:+!8+1'(8)*'90!'(!('8+0*!90!*:+!+W)6*!78)6+2+0*!9;!*:'(! ;406*'90! E'*:'0! *:+! )=2'0'(*,)*'90! 9;! *:+! 896)8! )4*:9,'*?T! M:+! )>(+06+! 9;! 68+),! 14'=+8'0+(! :)(! )8,+)=?! 8+=! *9! 2'('0*+,7,+*)*'90(! )0=! *:+! =4*'+(! )0=! 79E+,(! :)F+! '0! (92+! '0(*)06+(! >++0! )8896)*+=! *9! )0! )8,+)=?! +W'(*'01! '0642>+0*! E'*:'0! *:+! 240'6'7)8'*?! P+T1T! *:+! J',+! +! ,+(790('>8+! ;9,! *:+! '278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 56*T! U0'*')88?! *:+! +27:)('(!E)(!90!*:+!6,+)*'90!9;!)!0)*'90)8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+!P394*:!5;,'6)R!%dd#)Q!*:)*! E'88! :)F+! 48*'2)*+! ,+(790('>'8'*?! ;9,! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! '0! *:+! -+74>8'6! )(! )! E:98+T! 5(! *:+! 8+1'(8)*'F+! 7,96+((! =+F+897+=R! 29,+! +27:)('(! E)(! 78)6+=! 90! *:+! '279,*)06+! 9;! +(6)8)*'01! *:+! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
4I!
;406*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! =9E0! *9! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! 8+F+8! *:,941:! *:+! 7,9F'06+(! P394*:! 5;,'6)R!%dddQT!! !
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b$! 9;!*:+!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!56*QR!)0=!)!/40'6'7)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!8'(:!)!/40'6'7)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!5=F'(9,?!J9,42!P/&/5JQ!P3+6*'90!X%!9;!*:+!&'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*!56*Q!)0=!)!/40'6'7)8!U0*+,=+7),*2+0*)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!8'(:+=!'0!*:+!9*:+,!(7:+,+(!9;!19F+,02+0*!)(!='(64((+=! +),8'+,T!! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
4S! !
! &4+! *9! *:+! (*,46*4,+! 9;! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! '0! 394*:! 5;,'6)R! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 56*! '(! e4'*+! (7+6';'6!90!*:+!'0*+,)6*'90!>+*E++0!2+*,9798'*)0R!='(*,'6*!)0=!896)8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(T! &'(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!P9F+! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*!'0(*'*4*'90)8!),,)01+2+0*(!P(++!3+6*'90!!b`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
NM!!K>R@T@+%E!"@7/@7Z1! ! U0! 9,=+,! *9! +0(4,+! )! (*,46*4,+=! )77,9)6:! *9! *:+! 7,+(+0*)*'90! 9;! *:+! ,+(+),6:! ;'0='01(R! *:+! +27','6)8!+F'=+06+!*9!;9889E!:)(!>++0!1,947+=!)8901!*:+!;9889E'01!.+?!*:+2+(C! ! • U0(*'*4*'90)8!),,)01+2+0*(!;9,!*:+!F),'94(!6)*+19,'+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(g! • U278+2+0*)*'90!9;!8+1)8!;,)2+E9,.(g! • &'F'('90! 9;! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+*E++0! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*(R! ='(*,'6*R! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
4N!
2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(g!)0=! • J'0)06')8!6922'*2+0*(!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)8!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T! ! M:+!(+6*'90(!*9!;9889E!E'88!7,9F'=+!)0!'0V=+7*:!)0)8?('(!9;!*:+!*:+2+(!)(!=+(6,'>+=!)>9F+T! !
NM6!@*0-(-2-(.*#$!#''#*F,?,*-0!.&!-8,!
M:+!394*:!5;,'6)0!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!S98'6?!J,)2+E9,.!)0=!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!56*! 6)88(! ;9,! *:+! 6,+)*'90! 9;! 6+,*)'0! '0(*'*4*'90)8! ),,)01+2+0*(R! '0! 9,=+,! *9! )(('(*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! +0*'*'+(! 90! )88! *'+,(! 9;! 19F+,02+0*! *9! 6),,?! 94*! *:+',! 8+1)8! 2)0=)*+T! M:+! ;9889E'01! (+6*'90! E'88! =+(6,'>+! *:+! ,+(48*(! )(! '*! )778'+(! *9! 240'6'7)8'*'+(T! J'14,+! `! >+89E! ,+7,+(+0*(! *:+! )F+,)1+!7+,6+7*'90!9;!;406*'90'01!9;!*:+!F),'94(!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!E'*:'0!896)8R! ='(*,'6*!)0=!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*?T!M:+!(+6*'90(!*9!;9889E!7,9F'=+!29,+!=+*)'8!90!*:+!;'0='01(! 7+,!240'6'7)8'*?!*?7+T! Figure 3: Functioning of Disaster Risk Management structures within all municipalities
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
4O! !
Figure 4: Functioning of Disaster Risk Management structures per province (KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Eastern- and Western Cape)
Figure 5: Functioning of Disaster Risk Management structures per province (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North-West and Northern Cape)
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
4P!
CDEDEDE(!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(F&,%'( ! M:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!)*!O96)8!G9F+,02+0*!8+F+8!'(!)!8+1'(8)*+=! 6927+*+06+! 9;! ='(*,'6*! )0=! 2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(T! U0! *9*)8! Xbi! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! 690;',2+=! *:)*! *:+',! 896)8R! ='(*,'6*! 9,! 2+*,9! :)(! )! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+! '0! '*(! :'+,),6:'6)8! (*,46*4,+T! [;! *:+! b"i! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! *:)*! 690;',2+=! *:)*! *:+?! =90f*! :)F+! )! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+R!)829(*!Xai!E+,+!;,92!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!M:'(!'(!09*!(4,7,'('01!'0!*:+!8'1:*! 9;! *:+! ('8+06+! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 56*! 90! *:+! '0(*'*4*'90)8! ),,)01+2+0*(! ;9,! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*?! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! M:'(! '(! )0! 9>F'94(! '((4+! E:'6:! 0++=(! =',+6*! )**+0*'90T! 5=='*'90)88?R! )! ;4,*:+,! ai! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E+,+! 09*! (4,+! ';! *:+?! :)F+! )! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+!)*!)88T! ! Figure 6: Percentage of municipalities with an established Disaster Risk Management Centre
! U0!*+,2(!9;!*:+!;406*'90'01!9;!*:+(+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(R!b"i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! ()'=! *:)*! *:+',! +!)(6,'>+=!*9!*:+! ;)6*!*:)*!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)!:)(!)8E)?(!+0N9?+=!29,+!)**+0*'90!'0!4,>)0!6+0*,+(! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
4X! !
)0=!)8(9R!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!:)F+!)!;),!1,+)*+,!,+F+04+!>)(+!*:)0!29,+!,4,)8!)0=!7+,'V 4,>)0!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!='(*,'6*(T!M:+!,+(+),6:!>?!Y)0!-'+*!)0=!&'+=+,'6(!P$""dQ!6)0!)8(9!>+! 4(+=!*9!)0)8?(+!*:+!)>9F+T!M:+?!;940=!)!('10';'6)0*!89E!8+F+8!9;!;406*'90'01!9;!&-/*)'0'01!l)=F'6+lQR!>4*!,)*:+,!*9! 908?!'0;9,2!(*).+:98=+,(!90!F+,?!(47+,;'6')8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'((4+(!P(46:!)(!*:+!)2940*! 9;! 7)(*! +F+0*(QT! Y+,?! 8'**8+! )6*4)8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! ,+8)*+=! '0;9,2)*'90! '(! (:),+=! )0=! ='(64((+=!)*!*:+(+!;9,)T!!!! ! M)>8+!X!>+89E!'0='6)*+(!*:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!*:+!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!5=F'(9,?!J9,42(!7+,! 7,9F'06+T! !! Table 5: Disaster Risk Management Advisory Forum established per province
50(E+,! ! K+(! @9!
IE)c484 V@)*)8!
J,++! 3*)*+!
L)(*+,0! 8'(:+=! )0! U0*+,=+7),*2+0*)8! &'()(*+,! -'(.! /)0)1+2+0*! (+06+! 9;! *:'(! ;9,42! :)27+,(! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*(! )>'8'*?! *9! )6:'+F+! *:+! '0*+1,)*+=! 248*'V(+6*9,)8! )77,9)6:! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )(! +0F'()1+=! >?! *:+! &/5T! [;! *:9(+! 896)8R! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
I5! !
2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!*:)*!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!:)F+!U&-/
IS! !
Figure 11: HOC is appointed and holds no other position in the municipality
! ! J';*?V+'1:*!7+,6+0*!PX#iQ!9;!='(*,'6*(!)0=!#b!i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!+'*:+,!*:+,+!'(! 09!7+,(90!)779'0*+=!'0!*:+!(7+6';'6!79('*'90!)(!][8+! )0=! 6927+*+0*! '0='F'=4)8(! *9! :+)=! *:+! F),'94(! &-/?!J)8'01R!M+27+8:9;;!)0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.!P$"%%Q!)0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.!&%($4!P$""dQ!'0='6)*+!*:+! 0++=! ;9,! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *9! 690('=+,! 68'2)*+! 6:)01+! )0=! )=)7*)*'90! '((4+(! )(! 7),*! 9;! *:+',! =+F+8972+0*!78)00'01!)0=!)0!'0*+1,)8!7),*!9;!*:+',!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!2)0=)*+T!!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
IN!
Figure 12: HOC is appointed and holds no other position per type of municipality
! CDEDEDN(O540,%&&'(0,"%( ! M:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!Y9840*++,!B0'*!'(!)09*:+,!),+)!9;!1,+)*!6906+,0!90!>9*:!896)8!240'6'7)8!)0=! ='(*,'6*! 8+F+8(T! Y9840*++,! 40'*(! $'&( ,5%! )0! +0;9,6+)>8+! 8+1'(8)*'F+! ,+e4',+2+0*T! 3+F+0*?V*E9! 7+,6+0*!P\$iQ!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!X"i!9;!='(*,'6*(!,+79,*+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!09*!:)F+!F9840*++,! 40'*(!'0!78)6+T!Y9840*++,!40'*(!(+,F+!)(!)!1,+)*!8'0.!>+*E++0!896)8!19F+,02+0*!)0=!692240'*'+(T! M:+! 8)6.! 9;! F9840*++,! 40'*(! *:+,+;9,+! 8'2'*(! *:+! 6997+,)*'90! >+*E++0! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! )0=! 692240'*'+(!'0!*+,2(!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!588!2+*,9798'*)0!),+)(!,+79,*+=!*:)*!*:+?!:)F+! F9840*++,! 40'*(! '0! 78)6+T! [;! *:9(+! ='(*,'6*! )0=! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *:)*! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! F9840*++,!(*,46*4,+(!'0!78)6+R!b`i!9;!='(*,'6*(!)0=!aXi!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+(+! (*,46*4,+(! ),+! ;406*'90'01! )*! )! F+,?! 89E! 8+F+8T! L'1:*?! 7+,6+0*! P#"iQ! 9;! 2+*,9(! '0='6)*+=! )! 199=! 8+F+8! 9;! ;406*'90'01T! U*! '(! 68+),! *:)*! )0! +27:)('(! (:948=! >+! 78)6+=! 90! '27,9F'01! F9840*++,! (*,46*4,+(!90!896)8!)0=!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*?!8+F+8(T![0+!E)?!9;!7+,4('01!*:+!)>9F+!E948=!>+!*9!;',(*! 9;! )88! 6)88! 90! *:+! F),'94(! +W'(*'01! E),=! (*,46*4,+(! 9;! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *9! 690('=+,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90!'((4+(!)(!7),*!9;!*:+',!09,2)8!78)00'01R!=+F+8972+0*!)0=!2)0)1+2+0*!7,96+((T!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
IO! !
Figure 13: Percentage of municipalities with established volunteer units
!
!
CDEDEDP(J,%&'?.0,"2"3$4"%=(8"#$#%&'('"#*(.$,$-&.&,%(255'8",$%",-(.&26$,"#.( ! 3'W*?V;94,! 7+,6+0*! PabiQ! 9;! ='(*,'6*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! )0=! aai! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?!:)F+!2+6:)0'(2(!'0!78)6+!*9!699,='0)*+!97+,)*'90)8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!>+*E++0!*:+! *E9! 8+F+8(! 9;! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*T! A'*:! ,+1),=(! *9! *:+! ;406*'90'01! 9;! *:+(+! 2+6:)0'(2(R! bbi! 9;! ='(*,'6*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+(+! 2+6:)0'(2(! ),+! ;406*'90'01! 7),*')88?! E'*:! ,992! ;9,! '27,9F+2+0*T! O96)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:+(+! 2+6:)0'(2(! ),+! +;;'6'+0*! 90! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8! E'*:! 9F+,! :)8;!PX\iQ!;406*'90'01!)*!+'*:+,!)!199=!P$\iQ!9,!F+,?!199=!P`"iQ!8+F+8T! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Figure 14: Percentage of district and local municipalities with an inter-municipal disaster risk management coordinating mechanism in place
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
IP!
;#$#/!!>'*??!
n4(*!)(!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!,+e4',+(!7:?('6)8!,+(94,6+(!*9!6),,?!94*!'*f(!8+1)8!2)0=)*+R!)0! )=+e4)*+! )2940*! 9;! E+88! *,)'0+=! (*);;! '(! 0++=+=! *9! ;4,*:+,! ,+)8'(+! *:+! 9>N+6*'F+(! 74*! ;9,*:! >?! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 8+1'(8)*'90T! M:+! ;9889E'01! (+6*'90! E'88! ;964(! 90! F),'94(! (*);;! ,+8)*+=! '((4+(! (46:!)(!)2940*!9;!(*);;!)0=!*:+',!8+F+8!9;!*,)'0'01!)(!'*!,+8)*+(!*9!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!'0!394*:! 5;,'6)T! ! 34,F+?!=)*)!'0='6)*+(!*:)*!$\T`i!9;!240'6'7)8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!:)F+!'0!+W6+((!9;! *+0!+2789?+=!(*);;!)*!'*(!='(79()8T!+,(! 9;! (*);;! E:'6:! 6948=! 48*'2)*+8?! '27+=+! *:+',! )>'8'*?! *9! 6),,?! 94*! *:+',! =4*'+(T! Y9840*++,!(*);;!:9E+F+,!'(!('10';'6)0*8?!8)6.'01!'0!29(*!6+0*,+(!E:+,+!adTbi!9;!=+7),*2+0*(!:)F+! 09!F9840*++,(!)*!)88!E'*:!908?!$\T\i!9;!=+7),*2+0*(!:)F'01!'0!+W6+((!9;!*+0!P%"Q!F9840*++,(T!S),*! *'2+!(4779,*!(*);;!'(!908?!7,+F)8+0*!'0!aXT#i!9;!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!=+7),*2+0*(!,+(790='01!*9!*:+! (4,F+?T! 51)'0! *:+! 8)6.! 9;! (4779,*! (*);;! 7,+(+0*(! =';;'648*'+(! ;9,! *:+! '278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! )6*'F'*'+(! )0=! =)'8?! ;406*'90(! 9;! *:+! 6+0*,+T! M:+! 7,+(+06+! 9;! 29,+! (4779,*! (*);;! )0=! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
IX! !
F9840*++,(!6948=!1,+)*8?!)(('(*!'0!*:+!6),,?'01!94*!9;!=4*'+(!7),*'648),8?!'0!='()(*+,!(6+0),'9(!E:+0! 2)079E+,!'(!6,'*'6)8T!! ! Figure 15: Perception of adequate disaster risk management staff in municipalities
! _4)8';'6)*'90(!9;!(*);;!2+2>+,(!'(!F),'+=!E'*:!)!(78'*!2)N9,'*?!Pb%T$i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iQ!+W7,+((+=!*:)*! *:+',!(*);;!'(!09*!)=+e4)*+8?!*,)'0+=T!M:'(!E)(!,+'*+,)*+=!)*!*:+!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!*9!)!(*,901+,!+W*+0*! )(!,+(790=+0*(!;+8*!40)0'294(8?!P%""T"iQ!*:)*!*:+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!9;;'6')8(!)*!*:+!896)8! 8+F+8! E+,+! 8)6.'01! '0! )=+e4)*+! *,)'0'01! *9! 7+,;9,2! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! =4*'+(T! M:+! 7,9F'06+! ,+6910'(+(!*:+!0++=!;9,!1,+)*+,!6)7)6'*?!'0!*:'(!),+)!)0=!*:4(!6)7)6'*?!>4'8='01!)0=!*,)'0'01!(:948=! >+!7,929*+=T!! ! Figure 16: Staff in disaster risk management centres with tertiary qualifications per municipality type
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
IQ!
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b%iQ!(4,F+?+=!'0!*:+!@LM)-@-5!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?! E+,+!)>8+!*9!7+,;9,2!*:+!*)(.(!*:)*!*:+?!(+8+6*+=T!ME+0*?V0'0+!7+,(90(!P%dT"iQ!;4,*:+,!'0='6)*+=! *:)*!*:+?!0++=+=!)(('(*)06+!9,!69)6:'01!*9!+0)>8+!*:+2!*9!7+,;9,2!*:+!*)(.(T!3'W*?V*E9!Pb"T"iQ! '0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!0++=+=!*,)'0'01!*9!+0)>8+!*:+2!*9!7+,;9,2!*:+!*)(.(!P4*! 09! 8'2'*+=! *9Q! '8'*?! E)(! )8(9! +27:)('H+=!'0!*:+!@LM)-@-5!-+79,*!P'6! Y'98+06+R!&'(+)(+![4*>,+).Q! U06'=+0*!5((+((2+0*! -)='9!8'6! ();+*?R! *+6:0'6)8! (+,F'6+(R! )=F+,*'('01! )0=! +F+0*! 78)00'01T! &'F'('90! 9;! *'2+! >+*E++0! 248*'78+! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! 6)0! ,+(48*! '0! >9*:! N9>(! >+'01! =90+! '0)=+e4)*+8?T!M:'(!78)6+(!)0!40;)',!=+2)0=!90!*'2+!)0=!,+(94,6+(!)F)'8)>8+!*9!)=+e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
;#$#"!!@(,2+)1(,! CDEDIDE((RV0"3.&,%( !
U0!9,=+,!*9!6),,?!94*!'*(!8+1)8!2)0=)*+R!)88!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!,+e4',+!)=+e4)*+! +e4'72+0*! )0=! ;)6'8'*'+(T! M:+! ;9889E'01! (+6*'90! E'88! '=+0*';?! E:+*:+,! +e4'72+0*! )0=! ;)6'8'*'+(! E:'6:!),+!09*!)=+e4)*+8?!7,9F'=+=!;9,!90!)8!8+F+8(!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*T! ! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
S4! !
Figure 17: Perception of appropriate and relevant equipment in municipalities
! &+(7'*+! *:+! ,+8)*'F+8?! :'1:! 042>+,(! 9;! (*);;! E9,.'01! '0! *:+! ;'+8=! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*R! (4,F+?!,+(48*(!Pa\TdiQ!7,+(+0*!*:)*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!8)6.!*:+!)77,97,')*+!)0=!,+8+F)0*!+e4'72+0*!*9! 6),,?! 94*! *:+',! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;406*'90T! U0! 7),*'648),! ,+(790=+0*(! =+*)'8+=! *:)*! F+:'68+(R! +2+,1+06?! ,+(790(+! +e4'72+0*R! ,+69F+,?! +e4'72+0*R! *+6:09891'6)8! =+F'6+(! )0=! )=2'0'(*,)*'F+! +e4'72+0*!E+,+!6+0*,)8!*9!;48;'88'01!*:+',!7,'2),?!0++=(T!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Figure 18: Provinces’ perception of appropriate and relevant equipment at municipality level
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
SI!
! M)>8+!b!7,+(+0*(!)!=+*)'8+=!8'(*!9;!'*+2(!'=+0*';'+=!>?!7),*'6'7)0*(!)(!>+'01!0+6+((),?!+e4'72+0*! 0++=+=! ;9,! *:+! +;;+6*'F+! '0(*'1)*'90! 9;! =4*'+(! '0! )669,=)06+! E'*:! *:+! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;406*'90T!M:'(!(+0*'2+0*!E)(!,+;8+6*+=!>?!*:+!=)*)!7,9F'=+=!>?!,+(790=+0*(!)*!*:+!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8! E:+,+'0! aaT\i! 9;! 7+,(90(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! 6,'*'6)8! +e4'72+0*! E)(! 0++=+=! '0! 9,=+,! *9! ;48;'8! *:+! ='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!;406*'90!)*!*:+!240'6'7)8!8+F+8T! ! Table 8: 9A+&5=(4'!4(1(,,*).!?2)!-&,*,'()!)&,
62C()4=(4'!3(C(3 +#-,F.'=! Y+:'68+(!
!! M+6:09891?!
!!
K]2(D?,*-!*,,3,3! J',+!;'1:*'01!*,46.^J',+!+01'0+(! A)*+,!*,46.! ])H),=94(!/)*+,')8!B0'*! [;;!,9)=!F+:'68+(! 8+! )>9F+! '*! '(! 68+),! *:)*! 29(*! 9;! *:+! ,+e4',+=! +e4'72+0*! ,+8)*+(! *9! *:+! >)('6! 0+6+(('*'+(!'0!*:+!F),'94(!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(T!U0!F+,?!8'2'*+=!'0(*)06+(!2+0*'90!E)(! 2)=+!9;!+W*,+2+8?!+W7+0('F+!*+6:09891?!9,!(?(*+2(!P+T1T!692240'6)*'90!(?(*+2(!9,!G+91,)7:'6)8! U0;9,2)*'90! 3?(*+2! :)H),=! 2)77'01! )0=! *,)6.'01T! M:+! 0++=! ;9,! *:+! );9,+2+0*'90+=! +e4'72+0*! ,+8)*+(! =',+6*8?! *9! (+6*'90! XT%T%! E:'6:! ,+;+,(! *9! *:+! 7,+(+06+! 9;! '0(*'*4*'90)8! ),,)01+2+0*(! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! F'94(8?! :)27+,(! *:+! >4=1+*! )8896)*'90! P(++! (+6*'90! >+89EQ! )0=! '0! *4,0!6)7'*)8!+W7+0='*4,+!90!+e4'72+0*T! ! CDEDIDG((W08-&%( ! _4+(*'90(!E+,+!)8(9!79(+=!*9!240'6'7)8'*'+(!E'*:!,+1),=!*9!>4=1+*'01!),,)01+2+0*(T!37+6';'6)88?R! *:+?!E+,+!)(.+=!E:+*:+,!*:+?!:)F+!)!>4=1+*!;9,!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!74,79(+(!)0=!E:+*:+,!*:+! >4=1+*!'(!)=+e4)*+T! ! [08?! aXTbi! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! )6.09E8+=1+! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! )! >4=1+*! ;9,! 6),,?'01! 94*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!)6*'F'*'+(!)0=!9;!*:)*!aXTbi!*:+!2)N9,'*?!P#"TbiQ!;++8!*:)*!'*!'(!09*!)=+e4)*+!;9,!*:+',! 0++=(T! M:+! >4=1+*! )8896)*+=! ;40='01! ;)'8(! *9! 69F+,! 69(*(! )0=! +W7+0='*4,+(! ,+8)*+=! *9! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
SN!
*,)'0'01^6)7)6'*?! >4'8='01R! 74>8'6! )E),+0+((R! E9,.(:97(R! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! 7,9N+6*! '278+2+0*)*'90! )0=!*:+!)=+e4)*+!7,9F'('90!9;!+2+,1+06?!,+8'+;!(4778'+(T!U0!2)0?!'0(*)06+(!'*!E)(!;+8*!*:)*!;40=(! E+,+! ='F+,*+=! 9,! (:),+=! E'*:! +0*'*'+(! 8'.+! *:+! ;',+! (+,F'6+(! 9,! +2+,1+06?! 2+='6)8! (+,F'6+(T! &)*)! ,+F+)8(!*:)*!*:+!9*:+,!8'0+!;406*'90(!'069,79,)*+!69(*(!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'0*9!*:+',!=)?V *9V=)?!97+,)*'90(!'0!908?!%aT\i!9;!*:+!'0(*)06+(T!! ! Figure 19: Adequate budget allocation for disaster risk management in municipalities
! -+(790=+0*(! )8(9! '0='6)*+=! )! ,+8')06+! 90! 1,)0*(! *9! (4>('='(+! *:+',! +W7+0='*4,+(T! S,9F'06')8! ,+(790=+0*(!:9E+F+,!7,+(+0*+=!)!('10';'6)0*!=+F')*'90!P%""iQ!>?!74,79,*'01!*:)*!)88!='(*,'6*!)0=! 2+*,9798'*)0! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(! '0! *:+',! ,+(7+6*'F+! 7,9F'06+(! :)F+! )! >4=1+*! ;9,! ='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!74,79(+(T!M:'(!'(!68+),8?!690*,)='6*9,?!*9!*:+!`$T\i!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*! ,+(790=+0*(!*:)*!68)'2+=!*9!:)F+!09!>4=1+*!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!74,79(+(T!J'14,+!$"!)0=! $%!>+89E!1'F+(!)0!'0='6)*'90!9;!*:+!)>9F+!7+,!7,9F'06+T! ! ! ! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
SO! !
Figure 20: Budget allocation for disaster risk management purposes per province (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North-West and Northern Cape)
Figure 21: Budget allocation for disaster risk management purposes per province (KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Eastern- and Western Cape)
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
SP!
Figure 22: Adequacy of disaster risk management budget at municipal level
Figure 23: Provincial governments’ perception of existence and adequacy of municipality budgets
! ! !
!
]9E+F+,R! 7,9F'06')8! ,+7,+(+0*)*'F+(! ),+! '0! )1,++2+0*! *:)*! *:+! )F)'8)>8+! >4=1+*(! ;9,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!E+,+!'0)=+e4)*+!=+(7'*+!*:+!;)6*!*:)*!%\Tai!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!,+(790=+0*(! ;+8*!*:)*!>4=1+*(!E+,+!(4;;'6'+0*T!50!)0)8?('(!9;!*:+!F),'94(!7,9F'06+(!'(!'0='6)*+=!>+89ET! ! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
SX! !
Figure 24: Adequacy of budgets per province (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North-West and Northern Cape)
! Figure 25: Adequacy of budgets per province (KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Eastern- and Western Cape)
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
SQ!
509*:+,! ='(*,+(('01! 9>(+,F)*'90! '(! *:)*! 29(*! 9*:+,! 8'0+! ;406*'90(! E'*:'0! *:+! 896)8R! ='(*,'6*! )0=! 2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! =90f*! >4=1+*! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )6*'F'*'+(T! 3+F+0*?V*:++! 7+,6+0*!P\`iQ!9;!='(*,'6*(R!X"i!9;!2+*,9(!)0=!\`i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8!8'0+!;406*'90(!=9!09*!)(('10!)! 7),*! 9;! *:+',! >4=1+*! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )6*'F'*'+(! )(! ,+e4',+=! >?! *:+! &/5T! M:+! 8)6.! 9;! >4=1+*'01!>?!9*:+,!8'0+!;406*'90(!(:9E(!*:)*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'(!9;*+0!09*!:'1:!90!*:+',! 7,'9,'*?!8'(*T! ! Figure 26: Line function budgets for disaster risk management
! A'*:94*!)=+e4)*+!>4=1+*(R!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!6)009*!;406*'90! +;;+6*'F+8?!)0=!2+*:9=(!(:948=!>+!=+F+897+=!*9!(*,+)28'0+!;40='01!),,)01+2+0*(!9,!*9!'06,+)(+! ;40=(!*9!896)8!19F+,02+0*T!M:+!,+(+),6:!9;!Y'((+,!)0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.!P$""d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
N5! !
*:+(+!'((4+(T!346:!;40='01!24(*!>+!90!)0!+e4'*)>8+!(:),+!>)('(T!
! ;#$#8!@(52)'&46! !
M:+!&/5!6)88(!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(^(*,46*4,+(!*9!(4>2'*!)004)8!,+79,*(!'0!9,=+,! *9!)(6+,*)'0!*:+!7,91,+((!2)=+!90!)88!8+F+8(!9;!19F+,02+0*!=4,'01!)!(7+6';'6!?+),T!M:'(!(+6*'90!E'88! =+(6,'>+!*:+!+W*+0*!*9!E:'6:!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!=+7),*2+0*(!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!69278?! E'*:!*:+!7,9F'('90(!74*!94*!'0!*:+!56*T! ! Figure 27: Provincial perceptions on local government disaster risk management reporting
M:+! 2)N9,'*?! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! P\%T\iQ! (4779,*+=! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '((4+(! E+,+! =9642+0*+=! '0! ,+79,*(! (4>2'**+=! *9! 69406'8! 9,! )4*:9,'*?! 90! )0! )004)8! >)('(T! 5! 79,*'90! 6927,'('01!9;!%`T$i!9;!7),*'6'7)0*(!,+F+)8+=!*:)*!*:+?!E+,+!40(4,+!';!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! '((4+(!),+!,+79,*+=T!5!;4,*:+,!%XT%i!)6.09E8+=1+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!09*!7,9=46+!)0=!(4>2'*!,+79,*(! *9! )4*:9,'*?! 9;! ,+8+F)0*! 69406'8T! &)*)! ;,92! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! 7,+(+0*+=! ('2'8),! (*)*'(*'6(! E:+,+'0! 7),*'6'7)0*(! ;+8*! #`T`i! 9;! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! 7,9=46+=! )0=! (4>2'**+=! ,+79,*(! E:+,+)(! %aT\i! 9;! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
N6!
240'6'7)8'*'+(! ;)'8+=! *9! (4>2'*! ,+79,*(T! M:'(! 6:)88+01+(! *:+! )66940*)>'8'*?! )0=! *,)0(7),+06?! 9;! *:+(+! 896)8'*'+(! E:+0! =)*)! '(! 09*! 7,9=46+=! *9! (422),'(+! *:+! )6*'F'*'+(! )0=! )6*'90(! *).+0! '0! *:+! ;'+8=! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! D?! +0(4,'01! *:)*! )=+e4)*+! =9642+0*)*'90! '(! 2)=+R! '*! )8(9! )889E(! ;9,! *:+! ,+'0;9,6+2+0*! 9;! 199=! 19F+,0)06+! 7,)6*'6+(! )0=! 7,9F'=+(! )! >)('(! ;9,! 692240'6)*'01!)6*'F'*'+(!*9!9*:+,!(+6*'90(!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*T!!
Figure 28: Reporting by local government on disaster risk management
NM4!
@?D$,?,*-#-(.*!.&!$,F#$!&'#?,U.'W0!!
! M:+!;9889E'01!(+6*'90(!E'88!;964(!90!=+(6,'>'01!:9E!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!)*!896)8! 19F+,02+0*! 8+F+8! ),+! 7,91,+(('01! '0! '278+2+0*'01! *:+! 2)0=)*+(! =+(6,'>+=! >?! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*!56*T! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
N4! !
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``T`i! 9;! *:+! (4,F+?+=! 79748)*'90! ;,92! >9*:! *:+! 896)8! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8(! )6.09E8+=1+=! *:)*! 7,+F+0*'90! )0=! 2'*'1)*'90! ),+! )! 690(*)0*! ;964(! 9;! *:+',! ='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)1+0=)T!! ! Figure 29: Prevention and mitigation focus in municipalities
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
NI!
! 37+6';'6! ),+)(! 9;! 6906+,0! ),+! *:+! A+(*+,0! +!74*!=9E0!*9!*:+!;)6*!*:)*! *:+! (*);;! *:)*! 4(4)88?! E9,.! E'*:'0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! (*,46*4,+(! ),+! 4(4)88?! ;9,2+,! 9,! 64,,+0*! ;',+2+0R! 798'6+! 9,! +2+,1+06?! 2+='6)8! (+,F'6+(! PL/3Q! 7+,(900+8T! 588! 9;! *:+(+! 7,9;+(('90(! ),+! ,+(790(+! 9,'+0*)*+=R! )0=! *:+! )779'0*+=! (*);;! 9;*+0! )778'+(! *:+',! 0)*4,)88?! '068'0+=! ,+(790(+! 9,'+0*)*'90!*9!*:+',!0+E!;406*'90!)(!k&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+,(l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
NS! !
;#/#/!E42F3(-6(!2?!3(6&,3*'&24! ! 50! '0*'2)*+! .09E8+=1+! 9;! *:+! &/5! )0=! @&/J! '(! 0++=+=! >?! )88! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 7,)6*'*'90+,(! '0! 9,=+,! *9! +0(4,+! *:)*! *:+! ;406*'90! '(! 6),,'+=! 94*! +;;+6*'F+8?! 90! )88! 8+F+8(! 9;! 19F+,02+0*T!! ! O+((!*:)0!:)8;!9;!*:+!,+(790=+0*(!Pb#T"iQ!E+,+!79('*'F+8?!P692>'0+=!*9*)8!)1,++2+0*!)0=!1+0+,)8! )1,++2+0*! ,+(790(+(Q! '0! (4779,*! 9;! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! )88! (*);;! 2+2>+,(! 79((+((+=! )=+e4)*+! .09E8+=1+!,+1),='01!0)*'90)8!8+1)8!;,)2+E9,.(!)0=!798'6?!=9642+0*(T!5!(4>(+e4+0*!b$i!9;!896)8! 19F+,02+0*! ,+(790=+0*(! P692>'0+=! *9*)8! 9;! *:9(+! ,+(790(+(! '0='6)*'01! (*,9018?! ='()1,++! )0=! ='()1,++Q!='=!09*!(*,9018?!)0=!1+0+,)88?!(4779,*!*:)*!*:+',!(*);;!2+2>+,(!:)=!(4;;'6'+0*!.09E8+=1+! ,+1),='01!*:+!&/5!)0=!@&/JT!?!*:+!896)8!19F+,02+0*!E9,.+,!*:)0!*:+!)6*4)8! E9,.+,(!*:+2(+8F+(T! ! M:+! '27)6*! 9;! *:+! 8)6.! 9;! 8+1'(8)*'F+! .09E8+=1+! '(! 68+),8?! F'('>8+! '0! *:+! (+6*'90(! *9! ;9889ER! )0=! '884(*,)*+(!*:)*!E'*:94*!)!E9,.'01!.09E8+=1+!9;!8+1'(8)*'90R!>9*:!896)8!)0=!='(*,'6*!8+F+8!='()(*+,!,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!;'0=!'*!:),=!*9!,+0=+,!7,97+,!(+,F'6+(!*9!*:+',!692240'*'+(T! ! Table 9: Enough knowledge of disaster risk management policy and legislation
!! !! C.-#$$=!%F',,! %F',,! 7.-!12',! /(0#F',,! C.-#$$=!/(0#F',,!
C=D,!.&!?2*()(D#$(-=!
!!
/(0-'()-!
>,-'.!
E.)#$!
"T"i! NXMIa! #T`i! ``T`i! "T"i!
"T"i! PNM5a! $XT"i! "T"i! "T"i!
#T#i! `$Tbi! #T#i! IXM4a! %%T#i!
T,0D.*0,! C.-#$0! aT"i! S4M5a! %"T"i! `bT"i! #T"i!
! U0! *:+! E9,.(! 9;! S+88'01! )0=! A'(0+,! P$""dCbXQ! 6'*'01! 3'290+! P$""$Q! '*! :)(! >++0! ,+F+)8+=! )0=! ,+F+,+=! *:)*! '0! 2)0?! 5;,'6)0! (6+0),'9(! T452$4( -5;&',.&,%( 4$2*( %6&( #*"44#( $,8( 5'-$,"X$%"5,$4( $,8( &25,5."2( 2$3$2"%=( %5( 7044=( .&&%( &;&,( "%#( 25'&( %$#*#DU! M:+! ;'0='01(! 9;! *:+! (4,F+?! ,+'0;9,6+! *:'(! (*)*+2+0*! >?! :'1:8'1:*'01! *:+! 7+,6+'F+=! 8'2'*)*'90(! ;)6+=! >?! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! ,+1),='01! *:+! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
NN!
'278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '0! )! 394*:! 5;,'6)0! 690*+W*T! O'2'*+=! 6)7)6'*?! )0=! ,+(94,6+(! )0=! .09E8+=1+! 40=+,2'0+! '0! 2)0?! 896)8'*'+(! *:+! )>'8'*?! 9;! (*);;! *9! 6),,?! 94*! *:+! 0+6+((),?! =)?V*9V=)?! ;406*'90(! )((96')*+=! E'*:! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! 7),*'648),8?! '0! ,+1),=! *9! )6*'F'*'+(!E'*:!,+1),=!*9!7,+F+0*'90!)0=!2'*'1)*'90T!! !
;#/#"!G)21(-+)(,!?2332F(-!'2!(,'*B3&,:!0&,*,'()!@&,9*:! 2+*,9! )0=! ='(*,'6*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! (++2! *9! :)F+! )=:+,+=! *9! *:+! 0+6+((),?! 7,96+=4,+(T!!!5!692>'0+=!*9*)8!9;!\`i!9;!='(*,'6*(!)0=!)!%""i!9;!2+*,9(!)1,++=!9,!*9*)88?!)1,++=! *:)*!*:+!,'1:*!7,96+=4,+(!:)=!>++0!;9889E+=T!U*!'(!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?!8+F+8R!E:+,+!7,9>8+2(!),'(+! =4+!*9!*:+!8)6.!9;!.09E8+=1+!9;!*:+!8+1'(8)*'F+!;,)2+E9,.(T![;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?!,+(790=+0*(!908?! `\i!6948=!'0='6)*+!*:)*!*:+?!)1,++!*:)*!*:+!,'1:*!7,96+=4,+(!E:+,+!;9889E+=R!E:'8(*!)!692>'0+=! *9*)8!9;!bai!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!E+,+!+'*:+,!09*!(4,+!9,!='()1,++=^69278+*+8?!='()1,++=!*:)*!*:+! ,'1:*!7,96+=4,+(!E+,+!;9889E+=T!5!692>'0+=!*9*)8!9;!X"i!9;!7,9F'06')8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(!)8(9!(*)*+!*:)*!*:+?!=9!09*!;++8!*:+!,'1:*!7,96+=4,+(!E+,+!;9889E+=!*9!(+*!47!896)8!8+F+8! ='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(T!37+6';'6!),+)(!9;!6906+,0!),+!*:+!@9,*:+,0!?! =';;+,+0*! 19F+,02+0*! =+7),*2+0*(! E9,.'01! '0! 40'(90! 90! )88! *'+,(!9;!19F+,02+0*T!U0!*:'(!6,46')8!=+7),*2+0*!9;!6997+,)*'90!)88!896)8!8+F+8!7),*'6'7)0*(!'0='6)*+!)! 89E!8+F+8!9;!7),*'6'7)*'90!)0=!'0F98F+2+0*!;,92!9*:+,!19F+,02+0*!=+7),*2+0*(T!! ! Figure 30: Municipality departmental involvement in disaster risk management
! 5! 692>'0+=! *9*)8! 9;! bai! 9;! ='(*,'6*! )0=! bbT$! i! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+! '0F98F+2+0*!9;!9*:+,!=+7),*2+0*(!'(!64,,+0*8?!+'*:+,!40)66+7*)>8+!9,!+W*,+2+8?!40)66+7*)>8+T!5! 8),1+! 042>+,! 9;! 7),*'6'7)0*(! )8(9! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! ;++8! *:)*! *:+! 64,,+0*! '0F98F+2+0*! 9;! 9*:+,! =+7),*2+0*(! '(! )66+7*)>8+! E'*:! ,992! ;9,! '27,9F+2+0*T! ! 5669,='018?! %#R$i! 9;! ='(*,'6*(R! a"i! 9;! 2+*,9(! )0=! $dTbi! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! (:),+=! *:+! );9,+2+0*'90+=! (+0*'2+0*T! 3'W*?V(+F+0! 7+,6+0*! Pa\i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
!
NP!
;#/#;! J4C23C(=(4'! 2?! ,'*,-'.!
E.)#$!
Y+,?!G99=!
36.4%!
0.0%!
20.0%!
G99=! 566+7*)>8+!E'*:!,992!;9,! '27,9F+2+0*! B0)66+7*)>8+!
36.4%!
40.0%!
4XMOa!
18.2%!
40.0%!
`bT`i!
9.1%!
20.0%!
%\T%i!
LW*,+2+8?!40)66+7*)>8+!
0.0%!
0.0%!
0.0%!
!
11
5
35
!
/(0-'()-
>,-'.
E.)#$
Y+,?!G99=!
10.0%!
0.0%!
11.1%!
G99=! 566+7*)>8+!E'*:!,992!;9,! '27,9F+2+0*! B0)66+7*)>8+!
30.0%!
40.0%!
25.9%!
40.0%!
40.0%!
33.3%!
10.0%!
20.0%!
25.9%!
LW*,+2+8?!40)66+7*)>8+!
10.0%!
0.0%!
3.7%!
10
5
27
!
! ! M:+! ,+8)*'90(:'7! >+*E++0! ='(*,'6*(! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*! (++2! *9! >+! F+,?! :+)8*:?R! E'*:! )! 692>'0+=! *9*)8! 9;! \`i! 9;! ='(*,'6*(! '0='6)*'01! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! +'*:+,! )! 199=! 9,! F+,?! 199=! 8+F+8! 9;! 6997+,)*'90! E'*:! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*T! 3'2'8),8?! 7,9F'06')8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(! (:9E! :'1:! *9! F+,?! :'1:! '0(*)06+(! 9;! 199=! 6997+,)*'90! E'*:! *:+',! 896)8R! ='(*,'6*! )0=! 2+*,9! 240'6'7)8'*'+(T!! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
NQ!
! Figure 32: Cooperation between provincial and local government on disaster risk management (Provincial views)
! A'*:! ,+1),=(! *9! *:+',! ,+8)*'90(:'7! E'*:! *:+! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 8+2! ),+)(! ),+! O'27979R! /742)8)01)R! @9,*:VA+(*R! J,++! 3*)*+! )0=! IE)Vc484! @)*)8T! /+6:)0'(2(!(:948=!>+!74*!'0!78)6+!9,!'27,9F+=!*9!>,'01!)>94*!)!79('*'F+!6:)01+!'0!*:+!8+F+8!9;!69V 97+,)*'90!>+*E++0!0)*'90)8!)0=!='(*,'6*!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T! ! M:+!,+8)*'90(:'7!>+*E++0!2+*,9798'*)0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!7,9F'06')8!19F+,02+0*!'(!09*!)(!7+,;+6*! )(! *:+! ,+8)*'90(:'7! ='(64((+=! )>9F+T! U0! *:+! 6)(+! 9;! 2+*,9f(R! b"i! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! 199=! 8+F+8!9;!6997+,)*'90!E'*:!*:+!7,9F'06')8!19F+,02+0*R!E:'8(*!)09*:+,!b"i!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!),+! ()*'(;'+=!E'*:!*:+!64,,+0*!('*4)*'90!>4*!*:)*!*:+,+!'(!,992!;9,!'27,9F+2+0*T!37+6';'6!7,9>8+2!),+)(! ),+!O'27979R!/742)8)01)R!@9,*:VA+(*R!@9,*:+,0!,'01! )>94*! )! 79('*'F+! 6:)01+! '0! *:+! 8+F+8! 9;! 69V97+,)*'90! >+*E++0! 0)*'90)8! )0=!2+*,9798'*)0!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*R!)0=!2+*,9798'*)0!)0=!7,9F'06')8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T! ! 5! 692>'0+=! *9*)8! 9;! bdi! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+',! ,+8)*'90(:'7! E'*:! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*! '(! +'*:+,! 199=! 9,! F+,?! 199=T! 39! )8*:941:! *:+! ,+8)*'90(:'7! '(! 09*! 69278+*+8?! =?(;406*'90)8! *:+,+! ),+! (*'88! X%i! 9;! 7),*'6'7)0*(! *:)*! E)0*! *:'(! ,+8)*'90(:'7! *9! >+! '27,9F+=T! M:+! 8+F+8! 9;! 6997+,)*'90! >+*E++0! 896)8! )0=! 0)*'90)8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )8(9! 0++=(! (92+! '27,9F+2+0*T! M:',*?V*:,++! 7+,6+0*! P``T`iQ! 9;! 7),*'6'7)0*(! F9'6+=! *:'(! (+0*'2+0*! )0=! )! ;4,*:+,! $ai! ;+8*! *:)*! *:+',! 64,,+0*! 8+F+8! 9;! 6997+,)*'90! E'*:! 0)*'90)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! '(! 40)66+7*)>8+T! 37+6';'6! 7,9>8+2! ),+)(! ),+! O'27979R! /742)8)01)R! @9,*:VA+(*R! @9,*:+,0! +*E++0! *:+! :'1:+(*! 8+F+8! 9;! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*R! *:+! @&/8+!+27:)('(!90!7,9F'='01!+=46)*'90!*9!692240'*'+(!E'*:!,+1),=! *9! '((4+(! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.T! 5(! )! ,+(48*! 9;! *:+',! 689(+! 7,9W'2'*?! *9! 692240'*'+(R! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! ='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(:948=!>+!)*!*:+!;9,+;,90*!9;!7,9F'='01!)=+e4)*+!+=46)*'90!90!='()(*+,! ,'(.! '((4+(! *9! 692240'*'+(T! U0! *:'(! ,+1),=! a\i! 9;! ='(*,'6*! )0=! a"i! 9;! 2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*?! 7),*'6'7)0*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+',! 240'6'7)8'*?! )8E)?(! 78)?(! )! 8+)='01! ,98+! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! +=46)*'01! 692240'*'+(T! 3'10';'6)0*! 7,91,+((! :)(! *:4(! >++0! 2)=+! 90! *:+(+! *E9! *'+,(! 9;! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*!E'*:!,+1),=(!*9!+=46)*'90!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.R!>4*!*:+,+!'(!)8(9!,992!;9,!'27,9F+2+0*T!50! '27,+(('F+!d$i!9;!&'(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)8(9!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!*9*)88?!)1,++!9,!)1,++!*:)*!*:+',! 240'6'7)8'*?! 6997+,)*+(! E'*:! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *9! 7,9F'=+! +=46)*'90! 7,9N+6*(! '0! 692240'*'+(! ,+8)*'01!*9!='()(*+,!'((4+(T!!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
O6!
Figure 33: Extent to which municipalities play a leading role in the education of communities with regard to disaster risk issues
!
3'W*?!7+,6+0*!Pa"iQ!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?!,+(790=+0*(!(:),+=!*:+!()2+!(+0*'2+0*!E'*:!,+1),=(!*9! 6997+,)*'01! E'*:! *:+',! ='(*,'6*T! M:+(+! 79('*'F+! ;'14,+(! ),+! 9F+,(:)=9E+=! *:941:! >?! *:+! 8+((! ;)F94,)>8+!,+(48*(!;,92!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T![08?!%Xi!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!),+!)8E)?(!'0F98F+=!'0! 7,9F'='01!+=46)*'90!*9!692240'*'+(!90!='()(*+,!,'(.!'((4+(T!5!8),1+!042>+,R!Pb%iQ!9;!,+(790=+0*(! '0='6)*+=!*:)*!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!),+!908?!(92+*'2+(!'0F98F+=!'0!+=46)*'01!692240'*'+(T!37+6';'6! 7,9>8+2!),+)(!),+!O'27979R!/742)8)01)R!@9,*:VA+(*R!@9,*:+,0!8+!*9!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!J40='01!7,9>8+2(!2'1:*!)8(9!>+!>+:'0=! *:'(!8)6.!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!>?!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
O4! !
;#/#P!Q2)=*3!*4-!&4?2)=*3!-&,*,'()!)&,
>,-'.!
E.)#$!
T,0D.*0,! C.-#$0!
Y,0!
PNM5a!
X5M5a!
$$Tdi!
b"Tbi!
7.!! ;*02',!
%aT\i! #T`i!
$"T"i! "T"i!
SXMOa! $#Tai!
`#TXi! $%T$i!
! 37+6';'6!7,9>8+2!),+)(!),+!O'27979R!/742)8)01)R!@9,*:+,0!?! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *9! 7,929*+! ='()(*+,!,'(.!'((4+(!'0!692240'*'+(T!5(!)!690(+e4+06+!692240'*'+(!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?!8+F+8!),+! +W*,+2+8?!F480+,)>8+!*9!='()(*+,(T! Table 13: Extent to which informal disaster management projects have been established within municipalities C=D,!.&!?2*()(D#$(-=!
!! !!
!!
/(0-'()-!
>,-'.!
E.)#$!
T,0D.*0,! C.-#$0!
Y,0!
%aT\i!
O5M5a!
%%Tbi!
%\T`i!
7.! ;*02',!
PNM5a! #T`i!
b"T"i! "T"i!
OXMOa! $"T"i!
a\T`i! %XTbi!
! A'*:! ,+1),=! *9! '0;9,2)8! 7,9N+6*(R! '0! 9*:+,! E9,=(R! *:9(+! 7,9N+6*(! (790*)0+94(8?! (+*! 47! >?! *:+! 692240'*?g! *:+! 7'6*4,+! 899.(! 8+((! ;)F94,)>8+! *:)0! E'*:! ;9,2)8! 7,9N+6*(T! 3+F+0*?V;'F+! 7+,6+0*! P\XiQ!9;!='(*,'6*(!)0=!adi!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+,+!),+!09!'0;9,2)8!7,9N+6*(!'0! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
OI!
*:+',! 692240'*'+(! ,+8)*'01! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! '((4+(T! J9,*?! 7+,6+0*! Pb"iQ! 9;! )88! 2+*,9798'*)0! 7),*'6'7)0*(! )8(9! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! 09! '0;9,2)8! 7,9N+6*(! '0! *:+',! ),+)(T! 37+6';'6! 7,9>8+2! ),+)(! ),+! O'27979R! /742)8)01)R! J,++! 3*)*+! )0=! IE)Vc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i! 9;! ='(*,'6*(R! a"i! 9;! 2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! )0=!$di!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!:)F+!7),*')8!290'*9,'01!2+6:)0'(2(!'0!78)6+T! S),*')8!290'*9,'01!(?(*+2(!),+!09*!+0941:!*9!1+*!)!:98'(*'6!7'6*4,+!90!*:+!7,91,+((!9;!)0?!7,9N+6*T! 3?(*+2(!0++=!*9!>+!'27,9F+=!90!)88!8+F+8(!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*!*9!+0(4,+!*:)*!*:+!*),1+*!)4='+06+! '(! 09*! 908?! )=+e4)*+8?! '0;9,2+=! )>94*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.R! >4*! )8(9! )6*4)88?! '0(7',+! 692240'*'+(! *9! '278+2+0*!*:+',!9E0!,'(.!,+=46*'90!7,9N+6*(T!588!0'0+!7,9F'06+(!(:948=!'27,9F+!*:+',!290'*9,'01! (?(*+2(T! !
;#/#R!0&,*,'()!@&,+! '069,79,)*+=! '0*9! *:+! +W'(*'01! U&S! 7,96+((+(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!M:+!)'2!9;!*:'(!'(!*9!+0(4,+!*:)*!)88!=+F+8972+0*!7,9N+6*(!),+!();+!)0=! (4(*)'0)>8+T!S),*'6'7)0*(!90!)88!*'+,(!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 78)0(!),+!4(4)88?!+'*:+,!69278+*+8?!9,!7),*')88?!7),*!9;!*:+!240'6'7)8!U&ST!! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
OS! !
Figure 34: Disaster Risk Management Plan form part of the municipality’s IDP
! M:+! 692>'0+=! (69,+(! ;9,! ='(*,'6*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E)(! #`i! P7),*')88?jX"iR! 69278+*+8?j``iQR! 2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E)(! \Xi! P7),*')88?jX"iR! 69278+*+8?j$XiQ! )0=! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! abi!P7),*')88?j``iR!69278+*+8?j`%iQT!58*:941:!*:+(+!(69,+(!),+!199=R!*:+?!(:948=!>+!F'+E+=!'0! *:+! 8'1:*! 9;! *:+! e4+(*'90! *:)*! ;9889E(R! ,+8)*'01! *9! *:+! )6*4)8! '0*+1,)*'90! '0*9! *:+! U&ST! U*! '(! '0! *:'(! ),+)!E:+,+!*:+!)>9F+V2+0*'90+=!042>+,(!899(+!*:+',!84(*,+T!!! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
ON!
Figure 35: Disaster Risk Management Plan has been integrated into the municipality’s IDP
! [08?! `ai! 9;! ='(*,'6*(R! a"i! 9;! 2+*,9(! )0=! %\i! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! )6*4)88?! '0*+1,)*+! *:+',! ='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(!'0*9!*:+',!U&S!)0=!+F+0!'0!*:+(+!6',642(*)06+(!'(!'*!=+(6,'>+=!)(!908?! >+'01!=90+!966)('90)88?!>?!,+(790=+0*(T!5!78)0!*:)*!'(!'0*+1,)*+=!'0*9!*9!*:+!U&S!(*)0=(!)!>+**+,! 6:)06+!*9!>+!'278+2+0*+=R!)0=!*:+!64,,+0*!8)6.!9;!'0*+1,)*'90!'0*9!*:+!U&S!+W78)'0(!E:?!='()(*+,! ,'(.!,+=46*'90!=9+(!09*!?+*!;9,2!)!(+,'94(!7),*!9;!=+F+8972+0*!'0'*')*'F+(!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8!8+F+8T! 588!0'0+!PdQ!7,9F'06+(!(:948=!'27,9F+!*:+!'0*+1,)*'90!9;!*:+',!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!78)0(!E'*:! +W'(*'01!U&S!7,96+((+(R!'0!8'1:*!9;!*:+!;)6*!*:)*!)88!7,9F'06+(!+W7+,'+06+=!)!(+F+,+!=+;'6'+06?!'0!*:'(! ),+)T!!
!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
OO! !
NMI! /(
>,-'.!
E.)#$!
T,0D.*0,! C.-#$0!
A,'=!0#-(0&(,3!
0.0%!
"T"i!
#Tai!
XT#i!
1#-(0&(,3! R#'-(#$!0#-(0)-(.*! ;*0#-(0)-.'=!
#T`i! S6MPa! ``T`i!
$"T"i! X5M5a! "T"i!
XT\i! IPM6a! $XT\i!
\T\i! b$T`i! $XT"i!
A,'=!2*0#-(0)-.'=!
%aT\i!
"T"i!
$$Tdi!
%dT$i!
! 392+!9;!*:+!,+)(90(!;9,!*:+!='(()*'(;)6*'90!E'*:!*:+!8+F+8!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!9;!,98+V78)?+,(!'0!896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(!),+!:'1:8'1:*+=!>+89E!)(!1)*:+,+=!;,92!*:+!e4)8'*)*'F+!'074*!>?!,+(790=+0*(!E'*:'0! 896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(C! ! CDIDEDE(Y,24&$'('54Z'#,#"?! ,+(790=+0*(! E'*:'0! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! *:+,+! '(! )! 8)6.! 9;! 6922'*2+0*! *9! *:+! >4=1+*! )0=! *:+! U&ST! ! M:+,+! +W'(*(! )! 8)6.! 9;! ;'0)06')8! 6922'*2+0*! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8T! ! J4,*:+,29,+R! *:+,+! '(! )! 799,! 8+F+8! 9;! '0F98F+2+0*! 9;! (*).+:98=+,(!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!>4=1+*'01!)0=!78)00'01!)0=!+F+0!69278')06+!*9!*:+!@&/J!)0=!*:+! &/5T! ! M:+(+! 2+0*'90+=! ;'0)06')8! 690(*,)'0*(! ),+! 6:)88+01'01! )0=! E:+0! *:+,+! ),+! 6)(+(! 9;! 090V 69278')06+! *:+,+! ),+! 09! 690(+e4+06+(! 9,! 8+1)8! ,)2';'6)*'90(! *:)*! *:+(+! '0='F'=4)8(! 9,! =+7),*2+0*(!6)0!+W7+6*!*9!;)6+T!!5!(7+6';'6!+W)278+!*:)*!(*99=!94*!;,92!*:+!e4)8'*)*'F+!'074*!E)(! *:+! ;9889E'01C! T!0'",-( %6&( :&,53654?V'0! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! )0=! :'1:8'1:*(! *:+! '((4+! *:)*! (92+! ,98+V78)?+,(! =9! 09*! (++! *:+! ,+e4+(*(! 2)=+! >?! 896)8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)(!'279,*)0*!9,!8+1'*'2)*+T!!! ! M:+!;'0)8!'((4+!,+8)*'01!*9!*:+!2)0)1+2+0*!9;!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!9;!,98+V78)?+,(!)(!(*)*+=!>?! *:+!,+(790=+0*(!'(!*:+!8)6.!9;!(4(*)'0)>'8'*?!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!*:+!;)6*! *:)*! *:+,+! '(! 09! *,)0(7),+06?T! ! A'*:94*! *,)0(7),+06?! ,98+V78)?+,(! )0=! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! )8'.+! ;++8! *:)*! *:+?! ),+! 09*! )E),+! 9;! *:+! )6*'F'*'+(! E'*:'0! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*R! E:'6:! '06,+)(+(!*:+',!;++8'01(!9;!'0('10';'6)06+T!!! ! 58*:941:! *:+! ;9889E'01! 79('*'F+! )(7+6*(! *:)*! ),+! :'1:8'1:*+=! ;,92! *:+! e4)8'*)*'F+! '074*R! '*! 2'1:*! (++2! *9! >+! F+,?! '0('10';'6)0*! 6927),+=! *9! *:+! 8+F+8! 9;! ='(()*'(;)6*'90! 9,! 7),*')8! ()*'(;)6*'90! '0='6)*+=!>?!*:+!2)N9,'*?!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!U*!,+2)'0(!0+6+((),?!*9!40=+,(*)0=!*:9(+!)(7+6*(! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
P5! !
*:)*!),+!E9,.'01!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!'0F98F+2+0*!9;!9*:+,!,98+V78)?+,(!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*! )*!896)8!240'6'7)8!8+F+8T!!M:+(+!)(7+6*(!E'88!09E!>+!='(64((+=C! ! U0!)!042>+,!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!*:+!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!9;!)88!,98+V78)?+,(!),+!'0684=+=!'0! *:+! +'01! E9,.(:977+=! E'*:! *:+! ,98+V78)?+,(! 90! )! ,+148),! >)('(! )0=! *:+(+!78)0(!),+!)8(9!47=)*+=!90!)!e4),*+,8?!>)('(T!!! ! [*:+,!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!9;;'6')8(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+,+!),+!(4>V6922'**++(!=+)8'01!E'*:!F),'94(! '((4+(R!,+79,*'01!*9!*:+!5=F'(9,?!J9,42!E'*:'0!*:+',!240'6'7)8'*?T!!O96)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!(*)*+=!*:)*! *:+! /40'6'7)8! /)0)1+,! )0=! 69,79,)*+! (+,F'6+(! 2).+! *:+! 0+6+((),?! '074*(! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! [*:+,! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! '0! *:+',! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! 29(*! 19F+,02+0*! )0=! 090V19F+,02+0*)8! 9,1)0'()*'90(! ,+(790=+=! 79('*'F+8?! =4,'01! ,+6+0*! '06'=+0*(T!! J4,*:+,29,+R! 9*:+,! 896)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! +W7,+((+=! *:)*! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! '(! '0F98F+=! 29(*8?! '0! )88! *:+! '0'*')*+=! 7,9N+6*(! E'*:'0! *:+',! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! )0=! E:+,+! 9*:+,! =+7),*2+0*(! ),+! 406+,*)'0! )>94*! '((4+(! ,+8)*'01! *9! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*R! *:+?! 690(48*! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*T!!! ! [0+!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?!:'1:8'1:*+=!*:+!;9889E'01!(466+((!)(!)!2)'0!690*,'>4*9,!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9! ,98+V78)?+,(! 40=+,(*)0='01! *:+',! ,98+(^,+(790('>'8'*'+(C! ! TS6&( 25.34&%"5,( 57( #&2%"5,$4( 25,%",-&,2=( 34$,#( &,#0'( %6$%( 3&534&( 0,8&'#%$,8( %6&"'( '54( +!>+0+;'6')8!*9!='F'=+!*:+! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(!'0*9!(+6*'90(!)(!7+978+!*:+0!(:),+!*:+!89)=!)0=!)(('(*!+)6:!9*:+,!'0!,+)6:'01!*:+',! 19)8(!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!!! ! 5*!896)8!8+F+8!*:+,+!'(!(*'88!246:!406+,*)'0*?!)(!*9!*:+!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!9;!,98+V78)?+,(!)0=! =+7),*2+0*(!)8'.+T!!M:'(!'((4+!0++=(!*9!>+!*).+0!(+,'94(8?!)(!8+((!*:)0!%"i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(! ),+!()*'(;'+=!E'*:!*:+!8+F+8!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!9;!,98+V78)?+,(!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T!5**+0*'90! '(!09E!1'F+0!*9!*:9(+!94*692+(!9;!*:+!7,9F'06')8!,+(+),6:!,+8)*'01!*9!*:+!8+F+8!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!9;! 9*:+,!,98+V78)?+,(!,+1),='01!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T!!! ! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
P6!
5*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! *:+,+! '(! '06,+)(+=! ()*'(;)6*'90! E:+0! 6927),+=! *9! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E:+0! (7+6';'6)88?!,+;+,,'01!*9!*:+!8+F+8!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!>?!9*:+,!,98+V78)?+,(T! J';*?!PX"iQ!7+,6+0*!9;!7,9F'06')8!,+(790=+0*(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!),+!7),*')88?!()*'(;'+=!)0=!)829(*! `Xi! P%\i! )0=! %\i! ,+(7+6*'F+8?Q! :)F+! +W7,+((+=! *:)*! *:+?! ),+! ()*'(;'+=! )0=! +F+0! F+,?! ()*'(;'+=! E'*:!*:+!8+F+8!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!9;!9*:+,!,98+V78)?+,(!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8T!!M:'(!'(!)!79('*'F+!,+;8+6*'90! =+(7'*+! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! )8*:941:! %\i! 9;! *:+! ,+(790=+0*(! :)F+! )8(9! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+! 8+F+8! 9;! '0F98F+2+0*!>?!9*:+,!,98+V78)?+,(!'(!40()*'(;)6*9,?!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8T!!! ! 392+!9;!*:+!2)'0!,+)(90(!;9,!*:+!='(()*'(;)6*'90!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!),+!94*8'0+=!'0!*:+!e4)8'*)*'F+! '074*(T! 5669,='01! *9! 2)0?! 7,9F'06')8! ,+(790=+0*(! (92+! ,98+V78)?+,(! 2+,+8?! ,+1),=! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*!)(!)0!97*'90)8!+W*,)!,+(790('>'8'*?T!M:'(!2+)0(!*:)*!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!=9+(!09*! ,+6+'F+!*:+!)**+0*'90!'*!=+(+,F+(!)(!,98+V78)?+,(!2)?!(:';*!'*!*9!*:+!>9**92!9;!*:+',!,+(790('>'8'*'+(! =4+! *9! 9*:+,! 6922'*2+0*(T! ! 392+! 79('*'F+! )(7+6*(! 6)2+! *9! 8'1:*! *:)*! 6948=! >+! *:+! ,+)(90! ;9,! '27,9F+=!()*'(;)6*'90!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!E:+0!6927),+=!*9!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!/)0?!-98+V78)?+,(! )*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! ),+! 2+2>+,(! 9;! *:+! S,9F'06')8! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 5=F'(9,?! J9,42! )0=! *:+! &'(*,'6*!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*!5=F'(9,?!J9,42R!E:'6:!;9,2!7),*!9;!*:+!S,9F'06')8!n9'0*![7+,)*'01! +!>+6)4(+!2)0?!,98+V78)?+,(!)*!896)8!8+F+8!),+!)8,+)=?!'0F98F+=!)*! *:+! ='(*,'6*! 8+F+8! )0=! )**+0=! *:+! ='(*,'6*! )=F'(9,?! ;9,42T! ! M:+(+! ,98+V78)?+,(! 2)?! (++! '*! )(! 400+6+((),?! *9! )**+0=! >9*:! *:+! ='(*,'6*! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! )=F'(9,?! ;9,42! )0=! *:+! 896)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! )=F'(9,?! ;9,42! )(! *:+?! :)F+! )8,+)=?! 7,9F'=+=! '074*! )*! 7,9F'06')8! 9,! ='(*,'6*! 8+F+8T!! M:'(! :9E+F+,! =9+(! 2).+! *:+! 896)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;9,42! (++2! 79'0*8+((R! )(! ,98+V78)?+,(! 2)?! 7,+;+,! *9! )**+0=! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! )=F'(9,?! ;9,42! '0(*+)=! 9;! )**+0='01! 29,+! ;,+e4+0*! 896)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;9,42(T! ! -98+V78)?+,(! 2)?! ),14+! *:)*! *:+?! =9! 09*! (++! *:+! '279,*)06+! 9;! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
P4! !
:)F'01!*E9!)=F'(9,?!;9,42(R!90+!)*!='(*,'6*!9,!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!)0=!90+!)*!896)8!8+F+8T!M:+?!;)'8!*9! ,+1),=!*:+!'279,*)06+!9;!896)8!)6*'90!78)0(R!896)8!'074*!)0=!896)8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*T!!! ! [F+,)88! '*! )77+),(! *:)*! 6988)>9,)*'90! 9;! F),'94(! (*).+:98=+,(! )0=! *:+! 8+F+8! 9;! ,98+V78)?+,(f! '0F98F+2+0*! '(! (8'1:*8?! :'1:+,! )0=! 29,+! ()*'(;)6*9,?! )*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8T! ! M:+! '((4+(! *:)*! (++2! *9! 0++=!*9!>+!)==,+((+=!)*!896)8!8+F+8!)(!:'1:8'1:*+=!>?!*:+!,+(790=+0*(!),+C!! ! • 4068+),!,98+(^,+(790('>'8'*'+(!9;!,98+V78)?+,(g! • ;'0)06')8!'((4+(g! • ='(*,'>4*'90!9;!,+(94,6+(g! • 7,)6*'*'90+,^=+7),*2+0*)8!7,9>8+2(g!)0=!! • 2)0)1+2+0*^692240'6)*'90!(*,46*4,+(!)0=!*:+!;406*'90'01!*:+,+9;T!!! ! [08?! 906+! *:+(+! '((4+(! :)F+! >++0! )==,+((+=! )0=! *:+,+! :)(! >++0! '06,+)(+=! '0F98F+2+0*! )*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*?! 8+F+8! >?! )! F),'+*?! 9;! ,98+V78)?+,(! E'88! >9*:! 7,9F'06')8! )0=! 896)8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! )0=! 7,)6*'*'90+,(! (*),*! (++'01! '27,9F+=! ,+(48*(! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! '0F98F+2+0*!)*!)88!8+F+8(T!!! !
;#"#/! 0(?&4&'&24!2?!)23(,!*4-!)(,524,&B&3&'&(,!B('F((4!C*)&2+,!)23(!53*.(),! !
J';*?V*E9! 7+,6+0*! PX$iQ! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! :)F+! +W7,+((+=! *:)*! *:+,+! '(! 908?! 7),*')8! 68),'*?! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! *:+! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! 9;! F),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(! E'*:'0! *:+! 240'6'7)8'*?! ,+8)*'01!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!![08?!%$i!9;!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!(*)*+=!*:)*!*:+!,98+(!)0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(!),+!69278+*+8?!68+),!)2901(*!*:+!F),'94(!,98+V78)?+,(!'0!*:+!240'6'7)8'*?!,+8)*'01! *9!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*T!!! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
PI!
Table 15: Extent to which there is a clear definition of roles and responsibilities between the various role-players in the municipality relating to disaster risk management !!
C=D,!.&!?2*()(D#$(-=!
!!
!!
/(0-'()-!
>,-'.!
E.)#$!
T,0D.*0,! C.-#$0!
+.?D$,-,$=!
#T`i!
$XT"i!
%%T#i!
%$T"i!
R#'-(#$$=! ;*),'-#(*! 1,$3.?!
PNM5a! #T`i! "T"i!
PNM5a! "T"i! "T"i!
S6M4a! %bT\i! #T#i!
X$T"i! %$T"i! aT"i!
7.-!#-!#$$!
#T`i!
"T"i!
$`TXi!
%#T"i!
! 5829(*! $"i! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! (*)*+=! *:)*! *:+,+! '(! 09! =+;'0'*'90! 9;! ,98+(! 9,! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )*! )88! >+*E++0!*:+!F),'94(!,98+V78)?+,(!'0!*:+!240'6'7)8'*?!,+8)*'01!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)*!896)8! 8+F+8T! ! M:'(! 2+)0(! *:)*! 2)0?! ,98+V78)?+,(! =9! 09*! .09E! E:)*! '(! +W7+6*+=! 9;! *:+2T! ! A:+0! ,98+V 78)?+,(!=9!09*!.09E!E:)*!'(!+W7+6*+=!9;!*:+2!'*!>+692+(!=';;'648*!;9,!*:+2!*9!=+8'F+,!690(*,46*'F+! '074*!9,!7,9F'=+!(4779,*!)*!896)8!8+F+8T!M:+!799,!40=+,(*)0='01!9;!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!2)?!>+! =4+!*9!*:+!8)6.!9;!692240'6)*'90!;,92!7,9F'06')8!9,!='(*,'6*!8+F+8R!799,!'0*+,0)8!692240'6)*'90!)*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8! 9,! +F+0! =4+! *9! *:+! 8)6.! 9;! ,+8+F)0*! )0=! 2+)(4,)>8+! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9>N+6*'F+(!*:)*!0++=!*9!14'=+!,98+V78)?+,(!'0!*:+',!,+(790('>'8'*'+(T!!! ! 5*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!*:+!94*692+(!9;!,+(790=+0*!'074*!6)0!>+!,+1),=+=!)(!;9889E(T!J9,*?!Pb"iQ!7+,! 6+0*! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! )*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+,+! '(! 6927+*+! 68),'*?! ,+8)*'01! *9! *:+! =+;'0'*'90! 9;! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+*E++0! *:+! F),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0! *:+! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E'*:'0!*:+!7,9F'06+!,+8)*'01!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!!M:'(!'(!)!79('*'F+!94*692+!6927),+=!*9! *:+! 2+,+! %$i! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! (*)*'01! *:)*! *:+! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! ),+! 69278+*+8?! 68+),T! ! U;! *:+,+! '(! (46:! )! :'1:! 40=+,(*)0='01! 9;! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8R! '27,9F+=! 692240'6)*'90!(*,46*4,+(!2)?!>+!)>8+!*9!'27,9F+!*:+!;89E!9;!'0;9,2)*'90!;,92!7,9F'06')8!*9!896)8! 8+F+8T!!509*:+,!,+)(90!;9,!*:+!>'1!=';;+,+06+!'0!40=+,(*)0='01!)2901(*!896)8!)0=!7,9F'06')8!,98+V 78)?+,(!2)?!>+!=4+!*9!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!09*!>+'01!=+;'0+=!68+),8?!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!;9,!*:9(+!,98+V 78)?+,(! E:9! ),+! '278+2+0*'01! *:+(+! =4*'+(T! ! 392+! ;9,2! 9;! 692240'6)*'90! 690*,98! 0++=(! *9! >+! '278+2+0*+=! )*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! *9! +0(4,+! *:)*! *:+! ,+8+F)0*! '0;9,2)*'90! ,+)6:+(! *:+! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*!,98+V78)?+,(!)*!896)8!8+F+8T!!M:+!()2+!690*,98!;406*'90!0++=(!*9!>+!'0(*)*+=!)*!896)8! 8+F+8! *9! +0(4,+! *:)*! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! ),+! )=N4(*+=! *9! (4'*! 896)8! 8+F+8! 0++=(! )0=! '(! *:+0! 692240'6)*+=!*9!*:+!,+8+F)0*!,98+V78)?+,(T!!5!;++=>)6.!2+6:)0'(2!(:948=!>+!=+('10+=!E:'6:!E'88! )889E! 896)8! 8+F+8! ,98+V78)?+,(! *9! F9'6+! 406+,*)'0*?! ,+8)*'01! *9! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )0=! '278+2+0*'01! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
PS! !
*)(.(T!!M:'(!'(!)!7,9)6*'F+!E)?!9;!=+)8'01!E'*:!692240'6)*'90!'((4+(!)(!*:+!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!9;!>9*:! 896)8! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! ,98+V78)?+,(! (:948=! >+! 68),';'+=! >+;9,+! *:+?! 0++=! *9! ,+(790=!*9!6,'(+(T!!! ! J4,*:+,29,+! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! ,+(790=+0*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! a"i! 9;! *:+2! ;++8! *:+! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! ),+! 908?! 7),*')88?! 68+),! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! *:+! F),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0! *:+! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E'*:'0! *:+! 7,9F'06+! ,+8)*'01! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! M:'(! 6)88(! ;9,! '27,9F+=! ;,)2+E9,.(! *:)*! '=+0*';?! *:+! ,98+(! 9;! F),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(! )*! >9*:! 896)8! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8T!! 58*:941:!'*!(++2(!*:)*!(92+!692240'6)*'90!,+1),='01!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!),+!*).'01!78)6+R!'*!(*'88!'(! 09*! +;;+6*'F+! )(! 09*! )88! ,98+V78)?+,(! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! 9,! '(! 69278+*+8?! )E),+! 9;! *:+',!,98+(T!!! ! M:'(! :'1:! 7+,6+0*)1+! 9;! 7),*')8! 68),'*?! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! (4,+8?! ;'8*+,(! *:,941:! *9! *:+! :'1:! 8+F+8! 9;! 7),*')8! 68),'*?! +06940*+,+=! ,+1),='01! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(T! ! M:+! 9F+,)88! F'+E! '(! *:)*! >9*:! )*! 896)8! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! 29,+! *:)0! :)8;! 9;! 240'6'7)8'*'+(f! ,98+V78)?+,(! ),+! 908?! 7),*')88?! 68+),! 90! *:+',! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! ,+8)*'01! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! -98+(! 9;! ,98+V78)?+,(! 0++=! *9! >+! ,+=+;'0+=! )0=! 7+,:)7(! *:+! *?7+! 9;! ,98+V78)?+,(!*:)*!),+!'0F98F+=!E'*:!='()(*+,!,'(.!0++=(!*9!>+!,+V+W)2'0+=T!!! ! 392+!9;!*:+!,+)(90(!;9,!*:'(!7),*')8!68),';'6)*'90!9;!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!)(!:'1:8'1:*+=!>?!*:+! 7,9F'06')8! ,+(790=+0*(! 2)?! >+! =4+! *9! *:+! ,+(790=+0*(f! ;++8'01(! *:)*! *:+! T9'5,-( 3&534&U! ),+! )779'0*+=!)(!,98+V78)?+,(!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!!M:'(!6)0!>+!)==,+((+=!>?! +'*:+,!*,)'0'01!*:+!64,,+0*!,98+V78)?+,(!*9!'27,9F+!*:+',!6)7)6'*?!9,!,+V+W)2'0'01!*:+!*?7+!9;!,98+V 78)?+,(!,+e4',+=!)*!>9*:!896)8!)0=!7,9F'06')8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!8+F+8T!!S,97+,!*,)'0'01!E'88!)8(9! )(('(*! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0! 40=+,(*)0='01! *:+',! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )0=! *:'(! '0! *4,0! E'88! '27,9F+! *:+',! 6922'*2+0*!*9E),=(!*:+',!,98+T!!! ! Y),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+,+! '(! 799,! 692240'6)*'90! ,+1),='01! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! 9;! ,98+V78)?+,(T! ! S99,! 692240'6)*'90! )(! :'1:8'1:*+=! >?! *:+! ,+(790=+0*(! 2)?! >+! ;,92!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!=9E0E),=R!)*!896)8!240'6'7)8!8+F+8!)0=!+F+0!'0*+,0)88?!)2901(*!*:+!F),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(T! ! M:+,+! 2)?! >+! 799,! 6:)00+8(! 9;! 692240'6)*'90! ,+8)*'01! *9! '0;,)(*,46*4,+! )0=! )66+(('>'8'*?! 9;! ,98+V78)?+,(T! ! U*! 6948=! >+! *:+! 8)6.! 9;! )**+0*'90! 1'F+0! *9! ,98+V78)?+,(f! ,98+(R! E:'6:! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
PN!
)**,'>4*+(! *9! *:+(+! '0='F'=4)8(! 09*! 40=+,(*)0='01! *:+! '279,*)06+! 9;! *:+',! '074*! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(T! ! S+,:)7(! *:+,+! '(! 406+,*)'0*?! ,+1),='01! (4779,*! ;,92! (+0'9,V(*);;R! 9*:+,! =+7),*2+0*(! )0=! ,98+V78)?+,(T! ! A:+0! ,98+V78)?+,(! ),+! 406+,*)'0R! *:+! 8'.+8':99=! 9;! *:+2! 09*! ;48;'88'01! *:+',! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! '06,+)(+(T! ! -98+V78)?+,(! 2)?! :)F+! 799,! 7+978+! (.'88(! 9,! 8)6.! 692240'6)*'90! (.'88(R! E:'6:! 2+)0(! *:)*! *:+! 0+6+((),?! 2+(()1+(! 2)?! 09*! ,+)6:! *:+! ,+8+F)0*! *),1+*(T! M:+! F),'94(! ,98+V78)?+,(! 2)?! 8)6.! *:+! ,+8+F)0*! (.'88(! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!2)?!0++=!(7+6';'6!*,)'0'01!'0!9,=+,!*9!40=+,(*)0=!*:+',!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(! >+**+,T! ! -98+V78)?+,(! 2)?! 09*! :)F+! *,4+! '0*+,+(*! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*R! )(! *:+?! =9! 09*! 40=+,(*)0=!*:+!'27)6*!9,!'279,*)06+!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)*!896)8!8+F+8T!!M:+!:'+,),6:'6)8! (*,46*4,+!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!2)?!690*,'>4*+!*9!*:+!8)6.!9;!40=+,(*)0='01!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!*:+!,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! 9;! ,98+V78)?+,(T! M:+! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*?! '(! ,+(790('>8+! ;9,! '278+2+0*'01! *:+! (*,)*+1'+(! 9;! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8R! ?+*! '*! '(! 9;*+0! 09*! '0='6)*'F+! 9;! *:+! )6*4)8! 896)8! (+**'01! )0=! 0++=(T!! M:'(!2)?!)778?!*9!;40='01!)(!>4=1+*(!),+!908?!7,9F'=+=!)*!7,9F'06')8!9,!='(*,'6*!8+F+8T!! ! M:+!)>9F+!),142+0*(!)8(9!40=+,(69,+!*:+!'279,*)06+!9;!)!692290!40=+,(*)0='01!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.! ,+=46*'90!'0!240'6'7)8'*?!69406'8(T!U*!E948=!>+!E'(+!;9,!240'6'7)8'*?!69406'8(!*9!'0684=+!'((4+(!9;! ='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!)(!)!(*)0='01!)1+0=)!79'0*!*9!69406'8!2++*'01(T!U0!(46:!;)(:'90!='()(*+,!,'(.! ,+=46*'90! 6)0! >+! )==,+((+=! )(! )! 6,9((V(+6*9,)8! '((4+! )0=! 09*! >+! (++0! )(! )0! '(98)*+=! *)(.! 9;! *:+! 240'6'7)8'*?T!! !
;#"#"! @23(!2?!523&'&1&*4,!&4!-&,*,'()!)&,8+2! 9;! 40=+,(*)0='01! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! )8,+)=?! 9,'1'0)*+(! :'1:+,! 47! *:)0! 2+,+8?! (7,94*'01! )*! 896)8!8+F+8T!!U;!*:+!798'*'6')0(!=9!09*!40=+,(*)0=!*:+',!,98+(!)0=!,+(790('>'8'*'+(!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!*:+?!E'88!09*!7,'9,'*'(+!*:+!;406*'90!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!E:'6:!8+)=(!*9!+F+0! 8),1+,! '((4+(! ,+8)*'01! *9! ;40='01R! ,+(790(+! )0=! ,+69F+,?T! ! ME+0*?V+'1:*! 7+,6+0*! P$#iQ! 9;! 896)8! ,+(790=+0*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! 908?! 7),*')88?! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,98+! E'*:'0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T!!! ! S),*')8!40=+,(*)0='01!'0='6)*+(!*:)*!*:+,+!'(!8)6.!9;!'0;9,2)*'90R!8)6.!9;!(.'88(!9,!+F+0!799,!(4779,*! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
PO! !
;9,! *:+! ,98+(! )0=! ,+(790('>'8'*'+(! 9;! 798'*'6')0(! E'*:'0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! D+**+,! 40=+,(*)0='01! 9;! *:+! ,98+(! 9;! 798'*'6')0(! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6)0! >+! 1)*:+,+=! ;,92! *:+! ,+79,*! >?! Y)0! -'+*! )0=! &'+=+,'6.(! P$""dQT! M:'(! =9642+0*! ,+79,*(! 9;! *:+! 97*'2)8! 78)6+2+0*! 9;! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(! '0! ='(*,'6*R! 2+*,9798'*)0! 240'6'7)8'*?! )0=! 7,9F'06')8! 19F+,02+0*! (*,46*4,+(!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
PP!
Figure 36: Perception by municipalities of the understanding by politicians of their role in disaster risk management
!
Figure 37: Perception by provinces of the understanding by politicians of their role in disaster risk management
! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
PX! !
5669,='01! *9! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! ,+(790=+0*(R! )! ;4,*:+,! $"i! 9;! 798'*'6')0(! (+8=92! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,98+!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!$bi!9;!798'*'6')0(!),+!406+,*)'0!9;!*:+',!,98+!)(!798'*'6')0! E'*:'0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! M:'(! 68+),8?! (:9E(! *:)*! *:+! 64,,+0*! 798'*'6)8! ('*4)*'90! )*! 896)8! 8+F+8!=9+(!09*!(4779,*!9,!74*!+0941:!+27:)('(!90!*:+!'279,*)06+!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!! M:+! ,+(48*! *:)*! 6)88(! ;9,! *:+! 29(*! )**+0*'90! '(! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! $ai! 9;! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! ;++8! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! =9! 09*! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,98+! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*! )88T! ! A:+0! 798'*'6')0(! =9! 09*!40=+,(*)0=!*:+',!,98+!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'*!2+)0(!*:)*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! 6)009*!+0N9?!*:+!7,'9,'*'()*'90!'(!=+(+,F+(T!!S98'*'6)8!>4?V'0!'(!E:)*!+0(4,+(!*:+!69,,+6*!6:)00+88'01! 9;! ;40=(! )0=! +0(4,+(! *:+! 0+6+((),?! )(('(*)06+! ;9,! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! E:+0! ='()(*+,! (*,'.+(T!!! ! 5*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! *:+! (*)*'(*'6(! '0='6)*+! *:)*! a\i! 9;! 798'*'6')0(! (+8=92! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,98+! '0! ='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!!M:'(!2+)0(!*:)*!*:+,+!)8,+)=?!+W'(*(!8'**8+!40=+,(*)0='01!)*!7,9F'06')8! 798'*'6)8!8+F+8R!E:'6:!'0!*4,0!;'8*+,(!*:,941:!*9!896)8!8+F+8T!!S,9F'06')8!798'*'6')0(!),+!,+(790('>8+!;9,! =+6'('90V2).'01! *:)*! =',+6*8?! '0;84+06+(! *:+! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! E9,.'01! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! U;! *:+(+! 798'*'6')0(! ;)'8! *9! 8+0=! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! *:+! 0+6+((),?! 8+F+8! 9;! '279,*)06+!)0=!*:+',!,98+!E'*:'0!7,'9,'*'('01!;40=(!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!*:+!('*4)*'90!E'88! 09*!'27,9F+T!!! !
;#"#8! T:(! (U'(4'! '2! F:&1:! 523&'&1&*4,! :*C(! 12==+4&1*'(-! (??(1'&C(3.! F&':! -&,*,'()! )&,+:'0=! ,+(790(+! )0=! '278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )6*'F'*'+(T! ! 5*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8! )! 2+,+! ai! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! :)F+! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! +;;+6*'F+8?! 692240'6)*+! E'*:! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! 90! '((4+(! ,+8)*'01! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! J9,*?V('W! PbaiQ! 7+,6+0*! 9;! 896)8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! ;++8! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! 908?! 7),*')88?! 692240'6)*+! E'*:! *:+2! E:+0! '*! 692+(!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'((4+(T!!M:'(!'0='6)*+(!)0!)>(+06+!9;!692240'6)*'90!E'*:'0!)! (?(*+2!*:)*!,+F98F+(!),940=!'0;9,2)*'90!)0=!*:+!7,9F'('90!9;!*:'(!'0;9,2)*'90!;9,!6,46')8!=+6'('90V 2).'01T!!5829(*!$"i!P%dT$iQ!9;!798'*'6')0(!=9!09*!692240'6)*+!+;;+6*'F+8?!E'*:!896)8!='()(*+,!,'(.! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
PQ!
2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(T! ! U;! *:+,+! '(! 09! 692240'6)*'90! :9E! 6)0! )0?! =+6'('90(! >+! 2)=+! +;;+6*'F+8?! )0=!:9E!6)0!90+!+0(4,+!*:)*!*:+!0+6+((),?!;40=(!)0=!,+(94,6+(!,+)6:!*:+!);;+6*+=!),+)(T!!! ! 5*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! *:+! ('*4)*'90! '(! (8'1:*8?! >+**+,! )(! ``i! 9;! 7,9F'06')8! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! 908?! 7),*')88?! 692240'6)*+! E'*:! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '((4+(T! ! J4,*:+,29,+! X"i! 9;! 798'*'6')0(! (+8=92!692240'6)*+!E'*:!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!9;;'6')8(T!!]9E!6)0!=+6'('90(!>+!2)=+!E:+0! *:+,+!'(!(+8=92!)0?!'074*!;,92!798'*'6')0(!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8h!!M:'(!6)88(!;9,!'06,+)(+=!+27:)('(!*9! >+!78)6+=!90!*:+!,98+(!9;!798'*'6')0(!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!+F+0!*:)*!9;!9*:+,!,98+V 78)?+,(!E'*:'0!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!)*!>9*:!7,9F'06')8!)0=!896)8!8+F+8T!!!! ! Figure 38: Extent to which politicians have communicated effectively with disaster risk management officials
! M:+! '0684('90! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! E'*:'0! *:+! (*)0=),=! '0=46*'90! 7,91,)22+! ;9,! 0+E8?! )779'0*+=! 69406'889,(! E948=! 19! )! 8901! E)?! '0! +0(4,'01! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! 690('=+,! =+F+8972+0*! '((4+(! *:,941:! *:+! k8+0(l! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90T! @9*! 908?! E'88! (46:! )0! '0=46*'90! 7,91,)22+! )(('(*!798'*'6')0(!'0!40=+,(*)0='01!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90R!'*!E'88!)8(9!;)6'8'*)*+!)!246:!>+**+,R!+)('+,! )0=! 6927,+:+0('F+! E9,.'01! +0F',902+0*! >+*E++0! 798'*'6')0(! )0=! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
X5! !
9;;'6')8(!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
X6!
;#"#;! J4'()-(5*)'=(4'*3! 124,&-()*'&24! 2?! -&,*,'()! )&,8+T!!M:+!'((4+!9;!;40='01!'(!6,'*'6)88?!)0)8?(+=!'0!*:+!,+79,*!>?!Y'((+,! )0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.!P$""dQT( ! Figure 39: Interdepartmental consideration of disaster risk reduction relating to planning and budgeting for different activities and projects
! 5*! 896)8! 240'6'7)8! 8+F+8! )! 2+,+! #i! 9;! =';;+,+0*! =+7),*2+0*(! 69278+*+8?! 690('=+,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! 78)00'01! )0=! >4=1+*'01! ;9,! *:+',! )6*'F'*'+(! )0=! 7,9N+6*(T! ! M:'(! 2+)0(!*:)*!F+,?!;+E!9*:+,!=+7),*2+0*(!(++!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)(!'279,*)0*!)8*:941:!'*!'(! 90+! 9;! *:+! ),+)(! *:)*! ,+8)*+(! *9! )88! )(7+6*(! 9;! 240'6'7)8! ;406*'90'01T! M:',*?V90+! P`%iQ! 7+,6+0*!! (+8=92!690('=+,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!'0!78)00'01!)0=!>4=1+*'01!)0=!)829(*!`"i!P$dTbiQ!=9! 09*! 690('=+,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '0! *:+',! 78)00'01! )0=! >4=1+*'01! )*! )88T! ! M:'(! 2+)0(! *:)*! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
X4! !
;40='01! E'*:'0! 9*:+,! =+7),*2+0*(! '(! (+8=92! )8896)*+=! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;406*'90(! E'*:'0!*:+',!7,9N+6*(!)0=!)6*'F'*'+(T!!! ! 5*! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! *:+! (*)*'(*'6(! ),+! +F+0! :'1:+,R! )(! a\i! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! 9*:+,! =+7),*2+0*(! (+8=92! *).+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '0*9! 690('=+,)*'90! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! >4=1+*'01! )0=! 78)00'01! *:+',! )6*'F'*'+(! )0=! 7,9N+6*(T! ! M:'(! :'1:8'1:*(! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! 9*:+,! =+7),*2+0*(!=9!09*!40=+,(*)0=!*:+!,98+!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)0=!*:4(!=9!09*!(++!'*!;'*!*9! '0684=+!E'*:'0!*:+',!78)00'01!)0=!>4=1+*'01T!!M:'(!2+)0(!*:+,+!'(!,+=46+=!)66+((!*9!;40=(!E'*:'0! 9*:+,!=+7),*2+0*(!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!E:+0!'*!692+(!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!E'*:'0!*:+',!9E0! 7,9N+6*(!)0=!)6*'F'*'+(T!51)'0!*:'(!7,9>8+2!;'8*+,(!*:,941:!*9!896)8!8+F+8!E:+,+!,+(48*(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*! $bi! 9;! 9*:+,! =+7),*2+0*(! 908?! 7),*')88?! 690('=+,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! E:+0! '*! 692+(! *9! 78)00'01!)0=!>4=1+*'01!'0!*:+',!)6*'F'*'+(!)0=!>4=1+*'01T!!S),*')8!690('=+,)*'90!'(!09*!6922'**+=! 690('=+,)*'90!)0=!E'88!09*!0+6+((),'8?!>+!)>8+!*9!)(('(*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!9;;'6')8(!'0!6)(+!9;! +2+,1+06?!9,!E:+0!690*'01+06'+(!0++=!*9!>+!690('=+,+=!E'*:'0!>9*:!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)0=!)*! 7,9F'06')8!8+F+8T!!!
NMS! "(*#*)(#$!).??(-?,*-0!&.'!3(0#0-,'!'(0W!?#*#F,?,*-!#-!$.)#$!F.++0!)!>4,0'01!'((4+!PY'((+,!)0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.R!$""dQT!M:+!(+6*'90!*9!;9889E!E'88! ='(64((!*:+!F),'94(!,+(+),6:!;'0='01(!'0!*+,2(!9;!;40='01!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!
;#8#$!!9,'*B3&,:=(4'!*4-!=*&4'(4*41(!2?!*!0&,*,'()!H*4*6(=(4'!I(4')(! !
5669,='01! *9! *:+! =)*)! ,+6+'F+=! ;,92! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! a"T#i! :)F+! 0+F+,! ,+6+'F+=! 19F+,02+0*)8! 1,)0*(!;9,!*:+!+(*)>8'(:2+0*!9;!)!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!40'*R!E:+,+)(!``i!9;!*:+!7,9F'06+(! '0='6)*+! *:)*! ;40='01! :)(! >++0! )F)'8)>8+! ;9,! *:'(! 74,79(+T! ! J4,*:+,29,+! \XTdi! 9;! *:+! *),1+*+=! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! ()?! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! 0+F+,! 690*,'>4*+=! ;40='01! *9! *:+! 2)'0*+0)06+! 9;! *:+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+!9,!*9!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!'0!*:+',!1+91,)7:'6!),+)!9;!,+(790('>'8'*?T!M:'(! 6)0! >+! )**,'>4*+=! *9! *:+! ;)6*! *:)*! 29,+! *:)0! :)8;! 8)6.! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 6+0*,+(! )*! *:+! 896)8!8+F+8T! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
XI!
Figure 40: Grants received by municipalities to establish disaster risk management centres
! [08?!\T#i!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!(*)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!)8E)?(!,+6+'F+!1,)0*(R!'0684='01!690='*'90)8!1,)0*(!9,! (4>('='+(!;,92!0)*'90)8!9,!7,9F'06')8!19F+,02+0*(!;9,!*:+!2)'0*+0)06+!P9019'01!97+,)*'90(Q!9;!)! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 40'*! 9,! 6+0*,+! )*! *:+! 240'6'7)8'*?T! ! [0! *:+! 9*:+,! :)0=R! \bTXi! 9;! *:+! 7,9F'06')8!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!6+0*,+(!2+0*'90+=!*:)*!*:+?!:)F+!2)=+!;40='01!)F)'8)>8+!;9,!*:+! )>9F+!2+0*'90+=!74,79(+!)*!8+)(*!906+!>+;9,+T!!M:'(!'(!;40='01!;,92!7,9F'06')8^0)*'90)8!8+F+8!*9! *:+!240'6'7)8'*'+(!)*!*:+!896)8!8+F+8!P896)8R!='(*,'6*!)0=!2+*,9QT!M:'(!='(6,+7)06?!'0!*:+!=)*)!,)'(+(! e4+(*'90(! )>94*! *:+! ;89E! 9;! 290+?! ;,92! *:+! 7,9F'06+(! *9! *:+! 896)8! 8+F+8! );*+,! '*! E)(! 2)=+! )F)'8)>8+T!! ! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
XS! !
Figure 41: Provincial financial contribution towards municipal disaster risk management
[;!*:+!%$Tai!9;!,+(790=+0*(!E:9!.0+E!:9E!*9!)66+((!*:+!690*'01+06?!;40='01!7,9F'=+=!>?!*:+! 7,9F'06')8!9,!0)*'90)8!19F+,02+0*!906+!*:+!*:,+(:98=!9;!"TXi!*9!%i!9;!9E0!,+F+04+!6988+6*+=!>?! *:+!240'6'7)8'*'+(!:)(!>++0!+W6++=+=!;9,!,+(790(+R!,+69F+,?!)0=!,+:)>'8'*)*'90!)0=!690(*,46*'90! +;;9,*(! P)(! '0! *:+! 6)(+! 9;! ='()(*+,(QR! 908?! aT`i! 9;! *:+(+! '0='F'=4)8(! :)F+! 7,+F'94(8?! )66+((+=! *:+! 2+0*'90+=! ;40='01T! ! 5! ;4,*:+,! a"Tbi! :)F+! ()'=! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! 0+F+,! )66+((+=! *:+! ;40=(R! ),+! 40(4,+! :9E! *9! )66+((! *:+! ;40=(! 9,! ),+! 406+,*)'0! ';! *:+! ;40=(! :)F+! >++0! )66+((+=! '0! *:+',! 240'6'7)8'*?T!S,+F'94(!,+(+),6:!,+79,*(!)8(9!:'1:8'1:*!*:'(!7,9>8+2T!!k14%650-6(%6&(3'5;"#"5,#(",( %6&(12%($,8(%6&(-0"8&4",(",(%6&(H'$.&95'*(&:"#%@("%("#(,5%($49$=#(24&$'(96"26(3'52#(#65048(4*+!*9!,'('01!69(*(! )((96')*+=!E'*:!='()(*+,(!'0!*:+!8901!,40T!! ! M:+!,98+!9;!*:+!7,'F)*+!(+6*9,!>+692+(!6,46')8!'0!7,929*'01!,'(.!,+=46*'90!)6*'F'*'+(T!]9E+F+,R!'0! *:+!7,+(+0*!(*4=?R!0+),8?!#\i!:)F+!0+F+,!,+6+'F+=!)0?!;40='01!;,92!*:+!7,'F)*+!(+6*9,!;9,!='()(*+,! ,'(.!,+=46*'90!)6*'F'*'+(T![0!*:+!9*:+,!:)0=R!)>94*!#`T`i!9;!*:+!7,9F'06+(!:)F+!(+8=92!,+6+'F+=! ;40='01! ;,92! 7,'F)*+! (94,6+(T! M:+! ,),+! ;40='01! :)(! >++0! 690*,'>4*+=! *9! *:+! 7,9F'06+(T! 5(! 2+0*'90+=! )>9F+R! 29(*! 9;! *:+! E9,.! '0! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! )0=! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! :)(! *9! (:)7+! )*! *:+! 896)8! 8+F+8T! ]9E+F+,R! *:+,+! '(! )! 1)7! '0! *:+! )8896)*+=! )0=! ,+6+'F+=! ;40='01! *9! ,+)6:! *:+! 896)8! 240'6'7)8'*'+(T!! ! Y+,?!9;*+0R!)88!)6*'F'*'+(!E'*:'0!*:+!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!692790+0*!=9!09*!+W'(*!'0!'(98)*'90T!U*! :)(!>++0!:'1:8'1:*+=!*:)*!T#022#704(",%&-'$%"5,(57(8"#$#%&'('"#*('&802%"5,(",%5(8&;&453.&,%("#(,5%( #5.&%6",-( +89ET! !
;#;#$! T:(!)23(!2?!WXD,!&4!0&,*,'()!@&,+89ET! ! CDCDEDE(((!"#$#%&'('"#*(.$,$-&.&,%(#%'02%0'( ! M:+! 2)N9,'*?! 9;! @G[(! PXXTXiQ! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! #',! *.-! (*+0+;'6')8!;9,!)! 042>+,!9;!,+)(90(R!'0684='01!*:+!;9889E'01C! ! • !!@G[(!6)0!97+,)*+!)*!1,)((,99*(!8+F+8!E'*:!692240'*'+(!)0=!896)8!9,1)0'()*'90(!)(!7),*0+,(R! )0=!*).+!)!7),*'6'7)*9,?!)77,9)6:!*9!=+F+8972+0*!78)00'01T!M:'(!)889E(!*:+2!*9!,+(790=! >+**+,!*9!896)8!7+978+f(!7,'9,'*'+(!)0=!>4'8=!90!896)8!6)7)6'*'+(T! • !! @G[(! +0N9?! :'1:+,! 97+,)*'90)8! ;8+W'>'8'*?! )(! *:+?! ),+! ,+8)*'F+8?! ;,++! ;,92! >4,+)46,)*'6! (*,46*4,+(!)0=!(?(*+2(R!)0=!>+**+,!)>8+!*9!,+(790=!)0=!)=)7*!e4'6.8?!)0=!+)('8?T! • @G[(! 9;*+0! E9,.! E'*:! )0=! 90! >+:)8;! 9;! 29(*! 0++=?! 1,947(C! *:+! 799,+(*! )0=! *:+! 29(*! F480+,)>8+T! ! U0*+,F'+E(!690=46*+=!E'*:!(+8+6*+=!@G[(R!)(!2+0*'90+=!'0!#&2%"5,(CDCDEDI@!,+F+)8+=!*:)*!*:+?!),+! 9;!*:+!97'0'90!*:)*!*:+?!6948=!78)?!)!6,'*'6)8!,98+!'0!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*T!!U*!'(!*:4(!9;!7),)2940*! '279,*)06+! *:)*! *:+! '0F98F+2+0*! 9;! @G[(! '0! &'()(*+,! -'(.! /)0)1+2+0*! '0! 394*:! 5;,'6)R! >+! 7,929*+=T! ! CDCDEDG(((b,594&8-&(57(%6&(!+1($,8(Q!+H( ! M:+!2)N9,'*?!PaaTa\iQ!9;!@G[(!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!3.!*.-!:)F+!)0?!.09E8+=1+!9;!*:+!&/5!)0=! @&/JR! E:'8+! ``T``i! @G[(! '0='6)*+! 79('*'F+8?! *:)*! *:+?! 3.! :)F+! .09E8+=1+! 9;! 8+1'(8)*'90! )0=! 798'6?T! ! [06+!)1)'0R!*:+!)>9F+V2+0*'90+=!=)*)!'0='6)*+(!*:+!8)6.!9;!'0F98F+2+0*!9;!@G[(!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)!)0=!:)F+!*9!>+!)==,+((+=T! ! CDCDEDI(((J,#%"%0%"5,_#('54&(",(8"#$#%&'(.$,$-&.&,%($%(452$4(-5;&',.&,%(4&;&4( ! ]9E+F+,R!29,+!*:)0!:)8;!9;!*:+!@G[(!PXXiQ!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!#',!*.-!(*+!7,+(+0*+=!)0=!='(64((+=!>+89ET! ! CDCDGDE(((!"#$#%&'('"#*(.$,$-&.&,%(#%'02%0'( ! -+7,+(+0*)*'F+(! ;,92! L3I[/! )(! E+88! )(! MLOI[/! 79('*'F+8?! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+?! ),+! '0F98F+=! '0! ='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!)*!896)8!)0=^9,!7,9F'06')8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8T!!! ! U*!'(!68+),!;,92!*:+!=)*)!*:)*!MLOI[/!)0=!L3I[/!),+!7),*!9;!*:+!@)*'90)8!&'()(*+,!/)0)1+2+0*! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
Q6!
5=F'(9,?!J9,42R!E:'6:!690=46*(!e4),*+,8?!2++*'01(!90!)!,+148),!>)('(T!!MLOI[/!),+!)8(9!'0F98F+=! '0! 7,9F'06')8! )0=! 896)8! ;9,42(! 9;! *:+! 798'6+R! +2+,1+06?! (+,F'6+(! )0=! ;',+! >,'1)=+T! ! L3I[/! :)(! )! *+6:0'6)8! *)(.! *+)2R! E:'6:! '(! ,+8)*+=! *9! +2+,1+06'+(! )0=! +8+6*,'6)8! :)H),=(T! ! J4,*:+,29,+R! )*! ,+1'90)8!8+F+8R!'0*+,)6*'90!*).+(!78)6+!'0!),+)(!E:+,+!0)*4,)8!:)H),=(!),+!8'.+8?!*9!:)F+!)0!+;;+6*!90! *:+!+8+6*,'6)8!(4778?T! ! CDCDGDG(((b,594&8-&(57(!"#$#%&'(+$,$-&.&,%(12%($,8(Q$%"5,$4(!"#$#%&'(+$,$-&.&,%(H'$.&95'*( ! -+7,+(+0*)*'F+(!;,92!L3I[/!)(!E+88!)(!MLOI[/!79('*'F+8?!'0='6)*+=!*:)*!*:+?!=9!:)F+!.09E8+=1+! 9;! *:+! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! 56*! )0=! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! J,)2+E9,.! )0=! *:+?! )8(9! 2+0*'90+=! *:)*! *:+?! 4(+! *:+! @)*'90)8! &'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*! J,)2+E9,.! *9! 69278?! E'*:! *:+! ,+e4',+2+0*(!9;!*:+!56*T! ! CDCDGDI(((J,#%"%0%"5,_#('54&(",(8"#$#%&'(.$,$-&.&,%($%(452$4(-5;&',.&,%(4&;&4( ( 4*!'(!)8(9!e4'*+!F480+,)>8+!*9!='()(*+,(T!!U*!'(!68+),!;,92!*:+!=)*)!*:)*! >9*:R! MLOI[/! )0=! L3I[/R! ,+)8'H+! *:)*! *:+?! :)F+! )0! '279,*)0*! ,98+! *9! 78)?! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)T! ! 5669,='01! *9! MLOI[/! *:+?! 78)?! )! 7),*'6'7)*'F+! ,98+! '0! *:+! 394*:! 5;,'6)0! 19F+,02+0*! *:,941:! ='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*! *)(.! 1,947(T! ! M:+?! )8(9! :)F+! )0! 97+,)*'90)8! 6+0*,+! *:)*! 2)0)1+(! ='()(*+,! ,+8)*+=!2)**+,(!)0=!'((4+(T!!! ! 5! ,+7,+(+0*)*'F+! ;,92! L3I[/! ,)'(+! *:+! ;9889E'01! 6906+,0! 90! *:+! e4+(*'90! )(.+=! ,+1),='01! *:+! ",#%"%0%"5,_#('54&(",(8"#$#%&'(.$,$-&.&,%($%(452$4(-5;&',.&,%(4&;&4C! ! TJ,(8"#$#%&'(#"%0$%"5,#($22#(%5(&,&'-=("#(2'"%"2$4D((S6&(,$%"5,$4(&4&2%'"2"%=(-'"8("#($(2'"%"2$4(3"&2&(57( ",7'$#%'02%0'&( %5( .$",%$",( ",( %&'.#( 57( #%$*)'0+=!;,92!,+(790=+0*(!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!'*!'(!68+),!*:)*!29,+!*:)0!)! e4),*+,! P$\TXiQ! *:941:*! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! 7),*')88?! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,98+! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! ! ]9E+F+,R! )! 2)N9,! 6906+,0! '(! *:)*! %dTai! ,+(790=+0*(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! (+8=92! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,98+! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )0=! )09*:+,! $XTXi! *:941:*! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! =90f*! )*! )88! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,98+! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! [08?! `Tdi! 9;! *:+! ,+(790=+0*(! *:941:*! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! 69278+*+8?! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',! ,98+! '0! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T!!M:'(!(+0*'2+0*!E)(!,+'0;9,6+=!>?!(*)*'(*'6(!9>*)'0!;,92!=)*)!)*!7,9F'06')8!8+F+8!*:)*! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+! 2)N9,'*?! PaaT\iQ! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! *:941:*! *:)*! 798'*'6')0(! (+8=92! 40=+,(*)0=! *:+',!,98+!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!P)8(9!(++!(+6*'90!XT`T`QT!! ! [0!*:+!9*:+,!('=+R!=)*)!9>*)'0+=!;,92!*+8+7:90+!'0*+,F'+E(!690=46*+=!E'*:!(+8+6*+=!69406'889,(! '0='6)*+=! *:)*! *:+! 2)N9,'*?! PX$TdiQ! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! ),+! ()*'(;'+=! E'*:! *:+! ,98+! E:'6:! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*!9;;'6')8(!78)?!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90T!!5!;4,*:+,!%\T\i!9;!*:+!69406'889,(!),+!7),*')88?! ()*'(;'+=!)0=!908?!$dTbi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aT\QT! (
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
QI!
;#;#8! T:(!)23(!2?!>Y%XY!&4!-&,*,'()!)&,+,(! =',+6*8?!9,!'0=',+6*8?T! ( M:+!;9889E'01!6922+0*(!,+;8+6*!*:+!F'+E79'0*(!9;!(+8+6*+=!/L4=1+*'01C! ( T/$4-$( "#( %6&( 25?5'8",$%",-( #%'02%0'&( $,8( '&3'&,%( %6&( .0,"2"3$4"%"D( ( S6&=( .0#%( ?!Y)0!-'+*!)0=!&'+=+,'6.(!P$""dC$XQ!'*!'(!68+),!*:)*!='()(*+,!,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!'0!394*:!5;,'6)!(++2(!*9!:)F+!+F98F+=!)*!)!F+,?!(89E!*+279!('06+!*:+!'06+7*'90!9;! *:+!&/5!'0!$""$T!!J4,*:+,29,+!*:+?!+27:)('H+=!*:)*!2)0?!='(*,'6*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!(*'88!=9!09*!:)F+! *:+!29(*!>)('6!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!(*,46*4,+(!'0!78)6+!)0=!*:)*!*:+,+!(*'88!(++2(!*9!>+!)!89*! 9;! '109,)06+! ,+1),='01! *:+! >)('6! 7,'06'78+(! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*R! )2901(*! 29(*! =+7),*2+0*(T! ! ! 5669,='01! *9! *:+! e4)0*'*)*'F+! )0=! e4)8'*)*'F+! =)*)! 9>*)'0+=! ;,92! *:+! ,+(+),6:! 690=46*+=! 90! >+:)8;! 9;! 35OG5! *:+! ;9889E'01! 6:)88+01+(! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! )*! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!(*'88!+W'(*!)0=!),+!:'1:8'1:*+=C! !
OM6!
"(*#*)(#$!)8#$$,*F,0!!
!
!
M:+!8)6.!9;!)=+e4)*+!>4=1+*'01!)0=!;40='01!'(!,)'(+=!)(!*:+!29(*!7,+=92'0)0*!7,9>8+2T!A'*:94*! )=+e4)*+! ;'0)06+(! *:+,+! '(! 09! E)?! *9! ;40=! *:+! 7,9F'('90(! 9;! (.'88+=! )0=! *,)'0+=! (*);;R! 6)7)6'*?! >4'8='01! 7,91,)22+(R! ,+(94,6+(R! F9840*++,(R! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! 7,9N+6*(R! )=+e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e4)*+! (4779,*! *9! ='()(*+,! F'6*'2(T!! J4,*:+,29,+R!*:+!7+,6+7*'90!+W'(*(!*:)*!)8896)*+=!;40='01!=9+(!09*!,+)6:!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8! )0=!*:)*!*:+,+!'(!)!=+;'0'*'F+!1)7!>+*E++0!)8896)*+=!;40='01!)0=!,+6+'F+=!;40='01!P$4#5!#&&(#&2%"5,( CDKDGQT!! ! +! +;;'6'+0*! )0=! 6),,?! 94*! *:+',! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;406*'90R! )77,97,')*+! )0=! )=+e4)*+! +e4'72+0*! '(! 0++=+=T! 5669,='01! *9! *:+! ,+(+),6:R! *:+! =)*)! 68+),8?! 7,+(+0*(! *:)*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! 8)6.! *:+! )77,97,')*+! )0=! ,+8+F)0*! +e4'72+0*! P)8(9! (++! (+6*'90! XT%T`T%QT!!-+(790=+0*(!'=+0*';'+=!*:+!;9889E'01!+e4'72+0*!)(!+((+0*')8!'0!9,=+,!*9!+279E+,!*:+2! *9!6),,?!94*!*:+',!=)'8?!='()(*+,!2)0)1+2+0*!;406*'90!+;;+6*'F+8?C!!F+:'68+(R!+2+,1+06?!,+(790(+! +e4'72+0*R! ,+69F+,?! +e4'72+0*R! *+6:09891'6)8! =+F'6+(! )0=! )=2'0'(*,)*'F+! +e4'72+0*T! J'14,+! 3:++*! %! P(++! (+6*'90! XT%T`T%Q! 7,+(+0*(! )! =+*)'8+=! 8'(*! 9;! '*+2(! '=+0*';'+=! >?! 7),*'6'7)0*(! )(! >+'01! 0+6+((),?!+e4'72+0*!0++=+=!;9,!*:+!+;;+6*'F+!'0(*'1)*'90!9;!=4*'+(!'0!)669,=)06+!E'*:!*:+!='()(*+,! 2)0)1+2+0*!;406*'90T! !
OMI!
E#)W!.&!-'#(*,3!#*3!0W($$,3!D,'0.**,$!
! -+(+),6:!=)*)!'0='6)*+(!*:)*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!(*'88!(*,4118+!E'*:!(*);;!*:)*!'(!09*!7,97+,8?!*,)'0+=!*9! 7+,;9,2! &'()(*+,! -'(.! /)0)1+2+0*! P)8(9! (++! (+6*'90! XT%T$QT! 5! (8'1:*! 2)N9,'*?! 9;! ,+(790=+0*(! )*! 896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!+W7,+((+=!*:)*!*:+',!(*);;!'(!09*!)=+e4)*+8?!*,)'0+=T!M:'(!E)(!,+'*+,)*+=!)*! *:+! 7,9F'06')8! 8+F+8! *9! )! (*,901+,! +W*+0*! )(! ,+(790=+0*(! ;+8*! 40)0'294(8?! *:)*! *:+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! )*! *:+! 896)8! 8+F+8! E+,+! 8)6.'01! '0! )=+e4)*+! *,)'0'01! *9! 7+,;9,2! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*!=4*'+(T!M:+!7,9F'06+!,+6910'H+(!*:+!0++=!;9,!1,+)*+,!6)7)6'*?!'0!*:'(!),+)!)0=!*:4(! 6)7)6'*?!>4'8='01!)0=!*,)'0'01!(:948=!>+!7,929*+=T!! !
OMS!
E#)W!.&!D.$(-()#$!U($$!
! M:'(! '0684=+(! )! 090! V! 6922'*2+0*! 9;! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! 9;;'6')8(! )0=! 798'*'6')0(! *9! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T!!!5(!90+!69406'889,!09*+=C!!TS6&'&("#($(,&&8(75'(.5'&(3'5?$2%";&(3&534&(95'*",-(",( !"#$#%&'()"#*()&802%"5,UT! ! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
QX! !
M:+!;9889E'01!e49*+(!)8(9!+27:)('H+=!*:+!6906+,0(!*:)*!64,,+0*8?!+W'(*C! ! T1( 4$2*( 57( 0,8&'#%$,8",-( 57( %6&( !"#$#%&'( )"#*( +$,$-&.&,%( L6"45#536=( 4&$8#( %5( 25,74"2%",-( ",%&'3'&%$%"5,#(57(%6&(12%U((( TF5.3&%",-($,8(57%&,(25,74"2%",-(#&';"2&(8&4";&'=($,8(8&;&453.&,%$4(3'5-'$..U( TL55'(",%&'-5;&',.&,%$4('&4$%"5,(#%'02%0'(4&$8",-(%5(8"#>5",%&8(".34&.&,%$%"5,(57(%6&(!+1U( AQ!+F(577"2"$4B( (
OMN!
E#)W!.&!(*
! L;;'6'+0*!692240'6)*'90!)0=!692240'6)*'90!(*,)*+1'+(!'(!9;!7),)2940*!'279,*)06+!'0!='()(*+,!,'(.! ,+=46*'90T! ! M:'(! '0684=+! 692240'6)*'90! )0=! 692240'6)*'90! (*,46*4,+(! >+*E++0! *:+! F),'94(! ,+8+F)0*! ,98+! 78)?+,(R! 'T+T! )2901(*! 9*:+,(R! &'()(*+,! -'(.! /)0)1+2+0*! 9;;'6')8(! )*! 0)*'90)8R! 7,9F'06')8! )0=! 896)8! 8+F+8R! 692240'*'+(R! =';;+,+0*! 240'6'7)8! =+7),*2+0*(! )0=! 9*:+,! ,+8+F)0*! (*).+:98=+,(T!!! ! -+(+),6:!=)*)!,+F+)8+=!*:)*!*:+,+!'(!)!8)6.!9;!692240'6)*'90!)0=!69V97+,)*'90!>+*E++0!&'()(*+,! /)0)1+2+0*!
655! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
PM!
1C%CK!L"!TK%/@7K11!@7!>;7@+@R%E@C@K1!@7!1L;C[!%"T@+%!
!
M:+!,+(+),6:!E)(!09*!+W78'6'*!'0!)(.'01!e4+(*'90(!,+8)*'01!*9!*:+!,+)='0+((!9;!896)8!19F+,02+0*!'0! 394*:!5;,'6)!*9!=+)8!E'*:!='()(*+,(!P+T1T!='()(*+,!,+(790(+QT!M:+!;964(!E)(!9>F'94(8?!246:!29,+!90! ='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!'((4+(T!]9E+F+,R!;,92!*:+!=)*)!'*!'(!;)',!*9!2).+!6+,*)'0!=+=46)*'90!'0!*+,2(! 9;!*:+!)>'8'*'+(R!(*,46*4,+(!)0=!(.'88(!7,+(+0*!'0!240'6'7)8'*'+(!*9!,+(790=!*9!='()(*+,!*:)*!*:+)*+0!*9! 9664,R!9,!:)(!9664,,+=T!! ! M:+! )0)8?('(! 9;! *:+! =)*)! =9+(! 09*! 7)'0*! )! ,9(?! 7'6*4,+! P,+;+,! *9! J'14,+(! `R! bR! X! )0=! `dQT! S,+F'94(! (+6*'90(!:)F+!(:9E0!*:)*!*:+!2)N9,'*?!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0!394*:!5;,'6)!=9+(!09*!*).+!='()(*+,!,'(.! ,+=46*'90!(+,'94(8?T!M:+(+!'(!)!1+0+,)8!8)6.!9;!(.'88(R!6927+*+06'+(R!+e4'72+0*R!;40='01!)8896)*'90! )0=!798'*'6)8!E'88T!@9*!908?!'(!*:'(!+W*,+2+8?!E9,,'(92+!;9,!*:+!74,79(+(!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90R! '*!)8(9!+27:)('(+!*:+!8)6.!9;!)=+e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`!&'()(*+,!-'(.!/)0)1+2+0*!S8)0!'0!78)6+!>?!*:+!+0=!9;!$""b!o!3+6*'90!a`P>Q!9;! *:+! &/5! VR! ?+*! F+,?! ;+E! :)F+! )! O+F+8! %! S8)0! E:'6:! )=:+,+(! *9! *:+! ,+e4',+2+0*(! '0! *:+! @&/JQT! M:+(+! ;'0='01(! 690;',2(! *:+! ,+(+),6:! >?! ]991(*)=! )0=! I,41+,! P$""dQT! [0+! 6)0! *:+,+;9,+! ();+8?! 690684=+! *:)*! *:+! (*)*+! 9;! ,+)='0+((! 9;! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0! 394*:! 5;,'6)! '(! =',+6*8?! 8'0.+=! *9! *:+! F),')>8+(!'=+0*';'+=!'0!*:'(!,+79,*T!! ! [0! 7+,(4)8! 9;! *:+! 6:)88+01+(! ;)6'01! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0! (466+((;48! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! ,+=46*'90! )(! E+88! )(! !"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
656!
='()(*+,! ,+(790(+! '*! >+692+(! 68+),! *:)*! *:+,+! '(! )0! +094,294(! 0++=! ;9,! 7,97+,! 692240'6)*'90! (*,46*4,+(T!-+(+),6:!>?!Y)0!-'+*!)0=!&'+=+,'6(!P$""dQR!Y'((+,!)0=!Y)0!@'+.+,.!P$""dQ!)0=!E+88!)(! ]991(*)=!)0=!I,41+,!P$""#Q!'0='6)*+!*:+!0++=!;9,!7,97+,!692240'6)*'90!>?!896)8!240'6'7)8'*'+(T! 5=+e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e4+0*!400+6+((),?!(7+0='01!8'0.+=!*9!='()(*+,!,+(790(+R!,+69F+,?!)0=!,+:)>'8'*)*'90T! !
654! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$(
XM!
TK+L>>K7/%C@L71!!
! U0!690684('90!*:+!;9889E'01!,+6922+0=)*'90(!'(!2)=+!*9!35OG5!;9,!79(('>8+!)6*'90!(*+7(T!M:+(+! ,+6922+0=)*'90(!),+!'0!8'0+!E'*:!*:+!2)0=)*+!9;!35OG5!)0=!)'2(!*9!+0(4,+!)6*'F+!7),*'6'7)*'90! >?!35OG5!'0!896)8!19F+,02+0*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*T!U*!'(!*:+,+;9,+!:'1:8?!,+6922+0=+=!*:)*! 35OG5C! %T M:,941:!'*(!7,9F'06')8!(*,46*4,+(!)'2!*9!7,9F'=+!29,+!(4779,*!*9!896)8!240'6'7)8'*?!'0!*+,2(! 9;!+27:)('('01!*:+!'279,*)06+!9;!896)8!8+F+8!)778'6)*'90!9;!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90T!M:'(!6)0! >+!)6:'+F+=!*:,941:!+0(4,'01!*:)*!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!>+692+(!)0!'0*+1,)8!7),*!9;!*:+! '0=46*'90!7,91,)22+!9;!)88!896)8!8+F+8!798'*'6')0(T!!! $T O9>>?! *:+! /'0'(*+,! 9;! +! ;)6'8'*)*+=! +;;+6*'F+8?!*:,941:!(46:!)!78)6+2+0*!9;!*:+!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!;406*'90T! bT L27:)('(+! *:+! '279,*)06+! 9;! 69,,+6*'01! *:+! 1+0=+,! >')(! 7,+(+0*! '0! *:+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;,)*+,0'*?R! )0=! (4779,*! 69,,+6*'F+! )6*'90(! *:,941:! *:+! '278+2+0*)*'90! 9;! +2789?2+0*!+e4'*?!78)0(!'0!240'6'7)8'*'+(T! XT 5=F96)*+!*:)*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!>+692+(R!)0=!'(!7+,6+'F+=R!)(!)!;40=+=!2)0=)*+! >?! G9F+,02+0*T! M:+! ='(6,+7)06'+(! '0! ;40='01! ;9,! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! '(! 09E! E+88! =9642+0*+=!)0=!*:'(!,+(+),6:!906+!)1)'0!:'1:8'1:*+=!*:'(!4,1+0*!0++=T!!
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
65I!
aT S,929*+! )0=! )=F96)*+! ;9,! )! 0)*'90)8! '06,+)(+! 9;! )! 6+,*)'0! +e4'*)>8+! 7+,6+0*)1+! 9;! 240'6'7)8!>4=1+*(!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!74,79(+(T!! \T U27,9F+!798'*'6)8!E'88!;9,!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!)*!896)8!19F+,02+0*!8+F+8!*:,941:!*:+! 7,929*'90!9;!692748(9,?!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!*,)'0'01!;9,!798'*'6')0(!9F+,(++'01!*:+! ='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*!;406*'90T!M:'(!E'88!)8(9!;)6'8'*)*+!>+**+,!40=+,(*)0='01!>+*E++0! 798'*'6')0(!)0=!*+6:096,)*(T! #T L27:)('(+! *:+! '279,*)06+! 9;! '069,79,)*'01! '((4+(! 9;! 68'2)*+! 6:)01+! )0=! )=)7*)*'90! '0*9! *:+!=+F+8972+0*V!)0=!='()(*+,!,'(.!,+=46*'90!78)00'01!9;!)88!240'6'7)8'*'+(T! d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`T J)6'8'*)*+!)0=!7,929*+!*:+!=+F+8972+0*!9;!)!896)8!19F+,02+0*!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*! *,)'0'01!78)0!*9!>+!,988+=V94*!'0!)88!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0!9,=+,!*9!)==,+((!*:+!(+F+,+!(.'88(!)0=! 6927+*+06?!1)7(!)(!'=+0*';'+=!>?!*:'(!,+(+),6:T!! %bT L0694,)1+! 896)8! 19F+,02+0*! *:)*! ;40='01! ;9,! +=46)*'90R! *,)'0'01! )0=! 6)7)6'*?! >4'8='01! )(! E+88!)(!,+(+),6:!>+!7,9F'=+=!;9,!'0!*:+!>4=1+*(!9;!240'6'7)8'*'+(T!! %XT 5(('(*! 240'6'7)8'*'+(! '0! )==,+(('01! *:+',! 7:?('6)8! ,+(94,6+! 0++=(! '0! 9,=+,! *9! +;;+6*'F+8?! '278+2+0*! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*T! M:+! ,+(+),6:! 68+),8?! (:9E(! *:)*! '0! 29(*! '0(*)06+(! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! (*,46*4,+(! =9! 09*! :)F+! *:+! 29(*! >)('6! 9;! ,+(94,6+(! )*! *:+',! ='(79()8T! %aT +*E++0! *:+! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! ;406*'90R! F),'94(! *'+,(! 9;! 19F+,02+0*!)0=!)*V,'(.!692240'*'+(T! %#T 34779,*!240'6'7)8'*'+(!'0!E9,.'01!E'*:!*:+!@G[!(+6*9,R!19F+,02+0*!7),)(*)*)8(!)(!E+88!)(! *:+!7,'F)*+!(+6*9,T! %dT J)6'8'*)*+! *:+! =+F+8972+0*! 9;! ='()(*+,! ,'(.! 2)0)1+2+0*! *998(! )0=! 2+*:9=9891'+(! >?! +01)1'01!*:+!:'1:+,!+=46)*'90!)0=!,+(+),6:!(+6*9,!9;!394*:!5;,'6)T! $"T S,929*+!)0=!)'=!*:+!=+F+8972+0*!9;!)!0)*'90)88?!=,'F+0!.09E8+=1+!2)0)1+2+0*!(?(*+2! ;9,!240'6'7)8!='()(*+,!,'(.!2)0)1+2+0*R!'0684='01!)!290'*9,'01!)0=!+F)84)*'90!2+6:)0'(2! ;9,!896)8!19F+,02+0*T!! !
!"#$#%&'()"#*(+$,$-&.&,%(/%$%0#(1###.&,%($%(+0,"2"3$4"%"(",(/50%6(17'"2$!
!
65N!
XM!!J@JE@LZT%R[Y! ! 8'6)*'90(^-+;,)2'01T:*2tT!s&)*+!9;!)66+((C!`"!5414(*!$""btT! ! 8'(:+=!7)7+,QT!
! J5OU@GR! )0! 798'6+!)0=!;',+!=+7),*2+0*(T!@+E),.C!&'()(*+,!-+(+),6:!