Disproportionately Disciplined - Penn GSE

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FLORIDA. 23%. 39%. TENNESSEE. 23%. 58%. SOUTH CAROLINA. 36%. 60%. NORTH ... must hold schools accountable and partner wi
Disproportionately Disciplined BLACK STUDENT SUSPENSION RATES IN THE AMERICAN SOUTH BASED ON A REPORT BY EDWARD J. SMITH AND SHAUN R. HARPER

WEST VIRGINIA

5% 11%

55% of all Black suspensions from U.S. public schools occurred in 13 Southern states.

VIRGINIA

24% 51%

KENTUCKY

11% 26% TENNESSEE ARKANSAS

DISPROPORTIONATE IMPACT BY STATE

21% 50%

MISSISSIPPI

ALABAMA

GEORGIA

50% 74%

34% 64%

37% 67%

LOUISIANA

TEXAS

NORTH CAROLINA

23% 58%

45% 67%

13% 31%

26% 51%

SOUTH CAROLINA

36% 60%

FLORIDA

23% 39%

● ●

In 84 school districts across the South, 100% of students suspended were Black.

Blacks as % of Students Enrolled Blacks as % of Students Suspended

Some recommendations... ■ Black families, religious congregations, and others concerned about racial justice must hold schools accountable and partner with educators to identify alternatives to policies and practices that sustain the school-toprison pipeline.

■ Zero tolerance discipline policies do not make schools safer. School leaders need to eliminate them, offer more professional development for educators on managing student behaviors, and lead district-wide conversations about racial equity.

■ Teaching more about implicit bias and other racist forces that lead to disproportionality in school discipline must occur in schools of education, as well as other sites where teachers are prepared and educational leaders are certified.

More recommendations are offered in the report.

Read the full report, including suspension rates for every school district in the South, at gse.upenn.edu/equity/SouthernStates