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Central African Republic Situation Report No. 25

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CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC (CAR) Situation Report No. 25 (as of 14 May 2014)

This report is produced by OCHA CAR in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It covers the period between 7 and 14 May 2014. The next report will be issued on or around 21 May 2014.

Highlights NIGER CENTRAL



More than half way through the school year, almost two thirds of schools in CAR remain closed, according to UNICEF.

AFRICAN REPUBLIC

NIGERIA SUDAN





Livelihoods have been severely affected by the conflict due to the sale of assets, looting, destruction and displacement, according to the findings of a multi-agency Integrated Phase Classification.

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SOUTH SUDAN Bozoum Bouar ! !

CA R ME

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The voluntary repatriation programme of Congolese refugees from Batalimo has been completed. A total of 6,283 people have been repatriated since UNHCR and CAR authorities launched the programme on 10 April.

CHAD

Batalimo

6,283 people Voluntarily repatriated

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO Recent attacks

CONGO 100km Map Sources: ESRI Europa Technologies, UNCS. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Map created in Dec 2013.

560,050 IDPs in CAR

135,050 IDPs in 43 sites in Bangui and with host families

US$565 million Revised 2014 Strategic Response Plan (SRP) requirements

30%

4.6 million

Funding available (about $166 million) against the revised SRP

Population of CAR

2.5 million People who need assistance

1.9 million Vulnerable people targeted by SRP for humanitarian aid Sources: OCHA, CMP, Protection Cluster and FTS

Situation Overview The security situation continues to be volatile across the country. Sporadic attacks persist in Bangui, and tension rd th remains high in the 3 and 5 districts. On 9 May, armed violence erupted in Boyina village, 57 km from Bouar (Nana Mambere Province) on the Bouar-Bozoum road. Seven ex-Seleka elements and five anti-Balaka militias were killed. Many people sustained injuries on both sides. After seeking support from their group in Bouar, antiBalaka elements are pursuing the conflict into Kounde, 67 km from Bouar. On 7 May, journalists in Bangui declared “A Day Without News” in protest against the killing of two colleagues who were assaulted by a group of unknown armed men on 28 and 29 April, in the 3rd district of Bangui. The protest was instigated by the death of the second journalist on 6 May after being in a coma. On the day of his burial, journalists stopped working for the entire day. They organized a peaceful demonstration in Bangui, protesting against the ongoing insecurity and demanding the rearmament of the CAR national army (FACA). Some 60 journalists participated, bearing various slogans and messages including “Reinstate the FACA”, “Disarm all militias and armed groups” and “Fully implement UNSC resolution 2127”.

United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Coordination Saves Lives | www.unocha.org

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On 13 May, the UN Security Council strongly condemned the killing of a French journalist in CAR and called for those responsible to be held accountable. The 15-member Council reiterated that "in accordance with international humanitarian law, journalists, media professionals and associated personnel engaged in dangerous professional missions in areas of armed conflict are generally considered as civilians and shall be respected and protected as such." Camille Lepage, a 26-year-old French photographer, was murdered in western CAR close to the Cameroon border. According to a statement by the French presidency on 13 May, French peacekeepers found Lepage’s body inside a vehicle driven by anti-Balaka militia. Council members expressed their condolences to Lepage's family and the French Government. On 12 May, the President of Chad announced the closure of Chad’s southern border with CAR. Since this decision was taken, commercial trucks are reportedly stuck along the border. On 12 May, the Ministry of Agriculture launched findings of a multi-agency Integrated Phase Classification (IPC) on the country’s food security situation. The results analysis does not include detailed figures due to the lack of quantitative data in four regions. However, the classification exercise reveals a noticeable deterioration since the last IPC in November 2013. The IPC identified three explanations for the decline in food security: Livelihoods have been severely affected by the conflict due to the sale of assets, looting, destruction and displacement; the lack of food availability due to severe depletion or destruction of stocks from the last harvest and the loss of livestock; and insufficient access to food because of the disruption of market supply, limited physical access due to civil unrest, and the diminished purchasing power of Central Africans due to loss of income and increased food prices (more than 30 per cent on average between January and April compared with the same period in 2013). IPC conclusions suggest that although the need for emergency assistance has decreased in Bangui, it is cumulating in rural areas. Humanitarian assistance remains crucial, particularly during preparations for the agricultural season. A UNICEF survey released on 9 May revealed that more than half way through the school year, almost two thirds of schools remain closed. “The education system is literally on its knees,” said Souleymane Diabaté, UNICEF Representative in CAR. “Many teachers have not been paid for months; there are no textbooks; the little infrastructure that existed before the crisis has been damaged.” The crisis has already disrupted two school years since the end of 2012, and many families are still too scared to send their children back to classes. On 10 May, UNHCR and CAR authorities concluded the voluntary repatriation programme of Congolese refugees from Batalimo. Since the programme was launched on 10 April, 6,283 people (representing 1,502 families) have been repatriated to Libenge, Businga, Mbandaka and Zongo in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Three refugees who did not opt for the voluntary repatriation will receive support for their local integration. Local authorities will manage camp infrastructure. The 12 water taps will continue functioning and be managed by local committees. A health centre in the camp will remain operational and will be accessible to the local population until the end of 2014, with UNHCR’s support. UNHCR has also donated education materials to 10 educational institutions in the district. IOM is running mobile health clinics in Bangui and Boda to provide medical assistance at IDP sites. Over the past week, 306 consultations were provided at three IDP sites in Bangui. The health clinic in Boda provided over 700 consultancies at four IDP sites and the Boda hospital. This included deworming (using Albendazole) for children aged between 2 and 11 at three IDP sites: Sarakporo (119 children), KM5 (141 children) and Deux-Pont (200 children). The most frequently diagnosed illnesses include malaria, upper respiratory infections, intestinal parasites, diarrhoea and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among children. SAM is common among Fulani children in Boda. Medical cases requiring special attention in Boda included an evacuation to Mbaiki due to a birth complication, a gangrene-related amputation, and surgeries due to war-related injuries.

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Funding The Strategic Response Plan (SRP) requires $565 million. Only 30 per cent of funding has been received. Early recovery, education, nutrition and emergency shelter are the least funded sectors. The Humanitarian Coordinator has approved $9.4 million for 13 emergency response projects ($8.4 million allocated to NGOs and $1 million to a UN agency) through the Common Humanitarian Fund. These projects will be implemented in all provinces except Mbomou, Haut Mbomou and Bangui. This funding will ensure assistance in health, WASH, shelter and NFI, nutrition and protection, targeting about 700,000 people. All humanitarian partners, including donors and recipient agencies, are encouraged to inform OCHA's Financial Tracking Service (FTS - http://fts.unocha.org) of cash and in-kind contributions by e-mailing: [email protected]

Humanitarian Response Food Security Needs • More food assistance and nutrition support is needed, particularly ahead of the lean season. Since the May-to-November rainy season started earlier this year, prepositioning efforts are ongoing. • Immediate distribution of agricultural inputs for the current agricultural campaign is needed to enable vulnerable farmers to plant in time and produce their own food. This assistance will help avert a full-scale food and nutrition crisis in the country. • Until the end of 2014, crisis-hit communities need to receive technical, social and financial support to better absorb shocks and develop social socioeconomic opportunities.

$180 million Required to provide food to 1.25 million targeted vulnerable people in 2014. • $67.6 million received (38% of funding requirements) • $112 million needed

Response • Between 1 and 10 May, WFP and partners distributed approximately 435 MT of food to 42,000 people countrywide. • As of 13 May, more than 86 per cent of procured seeds (1,543 tons) are pre-positioned in FAO seeddistribution hubs in Bangui, Bambari, Bossangoa and Bouar. FAO has procured local quality seeds from Paoua, Kaga Bandoro and Bambari to avoid delays in delivery, given the context of insecurity and reduced access by road due to heavy rainfall. • NGOs are collecting the inputs from FAO hubs and often collaborate with FAO to transport them to the distribution sites in rural areas. To date, CORDAID, CRS, COOPI and ACTED have collected partial quantities of the seeds and tools that have been pre-positioned for them. • FAO, ACTED, CORDAID and CRS have distributed 291,500 tons of seeds and 23,300 tools to 11,660 households in Mbaiki, Bozoum and Bossangoa. Other NGOs will start distribution operations in the coming days in Mbaiki, Bambari, Bangassou, Bria and around Bangui. • Each family is receiving 25 kgs of seeds and two hoes to plant in time and produce their own food. Crops harvested will contribute to feed each family for around four months. • All seeds will be distributed to affected people by 31 May, if the security situation permits. Assisted farmers are also receiving food rations from WFP to prevent seed consumption. • IOM and InterSOS distributed food to newly arrived IDPs and their families in Kabo and Moyen-Sido. The distribution targeted the recently relocated IDPs from the PK12 community in Bangui. In Moyen-Sido, 10.7 tons of food was distributed to over 1,080 people (308 households). In Kabo, 3 tons of food was distributed to 314 people (146 households). Each person received a one-month supply of rice, beans, oil, salt and Super Cereal Plus provided by WFP. The food distribution is part of a short-term strategy to cover the immediate needs of the relocated IDPs. Gaps • Pre-positioning of stocks remains limited due to insecurity along the main road axis, coupled with the lack of service providers and logistical assets. • With the arrival of the rainy season, which coincides with the lean season, food needs and malnutrition rates are expected to increase. WFP’s emergency operation is 67 per cent funded, but $36 million is required to sustain operations until the end of August. • WFP requires $1 million to strengthen the cluster’s support for six months in collaboration with FAO.

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Central African Republic Situation Report No. 25



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Rising levels of insecurity countrywide are a major challenge for the distribution of agricultural inputs. Convoys in at-risk areas are being closely monitored and coordinated with the African-led international Support Mission, the Sangaris Force and other partners.

Water, Sanitation, Hygiene

$27.5 million

Needs Required to provide WASH • Need to strengthen the inter-sectorial coordination in Boda (Ouham Province) and to services to 900,000 targeted have a better understanding of humanitarian needs to adequately respond to WASH vulnerable people in 2014.  $9.3 million (34% of gaps. total requirements) • The need to empty latrines in IDP sites and increase the quality of their construction  $18.1 million to reduce the infiltration of rain is a high priority. (remaining needs) • Need to continue supporting the national water agency (SODECA) in Bouar, Bossangoa, Berberati, Bambari, Bangui, Ndele and Carnot in rehabilitating and reactivating water kiosks, and strengthening their capacity to maintain and extend their water network. • Urgent WASH assistance is required for IDPs in Yaloke (Ombella M’poko Province). In Bangui, about 750 tons of solid waste per day needs to be collected, transformed and disposed. • In compliance with SPHERE standards, and in mitigation of a cholera-outbreak risk, distributed water needs to have an adequate amount of chlorine. Hand-washing stations should be functional with soap and water. Response An emergency WASH response by the RRM team (with ACF partners) started in and Yaloke last week. SOLIDARITES INTERNATIONAL is drilling boreholes in Moyen Sido and Kabo to ensure the provision of safe drinking water to the relocated PK12 IDPs. This will end the water-trucking activity to the sites. • Members of the WASH Cluster coordination team will be deployed in Boda to support the development of intersectorial coordination tool in order to improve and strengthen the situational analysis. The team will also ensure that the WASH response is integrating into a broader public-health framework. • The emptying of latrines has started in several sites in Bangui including Saint Sauveur, Jean 23, Saint Joseph in Mokassa and Saint Jacques in Kpetene. • The relocation of the Mpoko IDPs was the subject of several inter-sectoral meetings this week. For each of the identified relocation sites, the cluster has developed an estimated budget covering all the costs for water and sanitation access and maintenance for six months. • •

Gaps and constraints • By the end of May and June, most WASH international NGOs will no longer have funds to continue activities in sites. • Lack of a WASH contingency plan in the regions outside Bangui. • Lack of coordinated operational response in key areas with people at risk, which hampered the synergy between humanitarian actors and the application of the “Do No Harm” approach. • Lack of clear integrated strategy for humanitarian assistance in Bangui. • Logistic constraints are hampering the operationalization of response outside Bangui. Transport and storage capacity are key issues that need to be addressed urgently. • Solid waste and sludge-disposal facilities are inadequate around Bangui and they need to be rehabilitated.

Emergency shelter and NFI Needs • Provide emergency shelter and NFI assistance to over 20,000 IDPs in Kaga Bandoro, Required to provide mostly concentrated in Nativité, Evêché and Bissingale village, identified through an emergency shelter and NFIs RRM assessment as newly displaced since the end of April. to 703,975 vulnerable people in 2014. • Provide NFI assistance to approximately 6,000 IDPs in the Bossangoa region (Nana • $3.7 million received Bakassa, Bangui and Benzemba axes), including 1,500 newly arrived IDPs from (11% of funding Markounda, Bowaye, Bode and Boguila over the past week. requirements) • Need for medium-term shelter assistance for 1,300 IDPs who were relocated from • $29.8 million needed PK12 to Kabo and Moyen Sido. • Improve IDPs’ living conditions at a transit centre in Carnot and provide NFI assistance. • Support the return of at least 17,000 IDPs to their homes through a coordinated shelter-reconstruction programme, including technical support and the distribution of materials.

$33.5 million

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Response • Six community shelters have been constructed in Kabo and 16 in Moyen Sido to host relocated IDPs from PK12. • NRC and CRS are planning a mission to Boda to identify housing, land and property (HLP) issues in view of housing reconstruction. • With UNHCR’s support, NRC plans to conduct capacity-building training for shelter and NFI cluster members in terms of dealing with HLP issues in the reconstruction programmes for returnees.Eight potential relocation sites were assessed. Four were technically approved, and the findings will be presented to the CAR Transitional Government. Gaps and constraints • There is a shortage of emergency shelter and NFI stock and pipeline supplies until the end of June. The needs of approximately 43,000 IDPs will not be covered. • Security incidents in Ouham and Ouham Pende Provinces restricted shelter partners from reaching affected communities, delaying NFI distribution and shelter reconstruction programmes. rd • Insecurity in Bangui’s 3 district continues to hinder cluster members from completing an assessment on houses destroyed.

Camp Coordination and Camp Management Needs • Final validation and implementation of the Rainy Season Contingency Plan is required. • Disaggregated data for Bangui IDP sites is needed. • Improve two-way communication with displaced people in sites. • Strengthen coordination with humanitarian actors and national authorities involved in accompanying the voluntary return of IDPs. • Extend the coverage of CCCM actors and support throughout the country.

$20 million Required to assist 501,980 people. •

No funding allocations reported by the cluster

Response Findings of multi-sectoral assessments (WASH, CCCM, shelter and protection) of potential relocation sites for IDPs living in the most at-risk sites for the rainy season have been presented to the Minister of Health and Humanitarian Action for possible implementation. • A data-quality and verification initiative has been completed for displacement sites in Bangui. This will enable site profile updates with accurate data. • CCCM actors are working with local radio stations to improve IDPs’ access to information about their neighbourhoods of origin. • The cluster is actively involved in the Bangui Working Group supporting voluntary return of IDPs. It is contributing the development of a comprehensive return strategy. • IDP sites in the interior are being mapped. • IOM continues to carry out site facilitation and registration in IDP sites in the Boda region. • IOM has constructed transit centres in Kabo and Moyen-Sido to receive and register protection cases and is hiring local staff to carry out further registrations. IOM will soon establish a sub-office in the area to provide assistance in both locations. •

Gaps and Constraints • With the onset of the rainy season, quick remedial action is required in at-risk IDP sites. • Limited funding continues to challenge communication with IDPs and site management. • There is a limited number of CCCM partners engaged in activities outside of Bangui.

Multi-sector assistance to refugees Needs • Organize emergency voluntary repatriation by boat and plane for refugees under immediate threat and wishing to return home. • Find alternative solutions for refugees under imminent threat and who cannot return to their home country or stay in CAR. • Provide basic services (such as education, health) for urban refugees living in Bangui and those living in camps in Bambari and Zemio. • Help refugees to become self-reliant after having their livelihoods destroyed or being

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$22.6 million Required to assist 16,581 refugees • •

$2.4 million received (11% of funding requirements) $20.2 million (funds needed)

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threatened by the crisis. Response • UNHCR and implementing partners provided assistance to nearly 10,300 refugees, mostly from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Sudan, through protection and multi-sectoral assistance, and care and maintenance activities in Bangui and in the Bambari and Zemio camps. In the Zemio camp, some 900 women and girls received hygiene kits. Gaps • Security risks continue to increase. Evacuation solutions are needed for refugees who cannot return to their country of origin or stay in CAR.

Nutrition Needs • About 28,000 children will suffer from SAM in 2014, and 75,500 children will suffer from moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). This number could rise, given ongoing aggravating factors (displacement, poor food security, deteriorated access to clean water and sanitation, increased morbidity and lack of health-care services) and the start of the rainy season/hunger gap. • About 16,800 children suffering from SAM are targeted for treatment in 2014. • An estimated 159,000 children under age 5 need highly nutritious foods. A consistent and adequately funded pipeline is needed to prevent a deterioration of nutritional status during the rainy season.

$22.5 million Required to provide nutrition services to 361,011 targeted vulnerable people out of 628,000 in 2014. • •

$3 million received (13% of total requirements) $19.5 million needed

Response • Since 1 January, 7,672 children have been admitted for SAM treatment, of whom 3,406 children have already recovered from SAM in CAR. The performance rates are as follows: recovery: 84% (>=75%); death: 2% (