Sports specialist â Faculty of Specific Education â Tanta University. In partial fulfillment of the requirements for gaining the Master degree in Physical Education.
Tanta University Faculty of Physical Education Department of Sports Training
Effects of a Training Program on the Effectiveness of Performance Level of Throwing Skill (KAKE) for Junior Judokas
Thesis by:
Mahmoud El-Sayed Baioumy Sports specialist – Faculty of Specific Education – Tanta University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for gaining the Master degree in Physical Education
Under Supervision of:
Dr. Ihab Mohamed Fawezy Al Bedewy
Dr. Nabil Hosny Al Shorbagy
Assistant Prof,Department of Sports Training Faculty of Physical Education Tanta University
Lecturer ,Department of Sports Training Faculty of Physical Education Tanta University
2004
Background and Research Problem:
Judo is a highly competitive international sport due to its spread and evolution of legal aspects continuously as this improves speed and efficiency of performance during competitions. Sports training specialists think that athletic performance can be improved through improving training methods in the light of sciences and knowledge related to sport. Technical preparation aims to master motor skills to achieve elite athletic levels. Athletes will never achieve optimum desired results unless they reach optimum levels of skills mastery, no matter how high their physical and mental abilities are. Skill mastery is of significant importance for a judoka as physical, mental and tactical preparations are of no use if the judoka’s technical abilities are low. Without high technical performance level, a judoka can never use his/her full potentials and can never fulfill competitive tasks. Judo includes various technical skills in both standing and floor positions. In judo, throwing has three stages: off-balance (Kuzushi) – throw start (Tsukuri) – final throw (Kake). Through observing local judo competitions, the researcher noticed weaknesses in performance levels as judokas attempt several attacks with low or no scores although they exert much effort that may lead to fatigue. This weak attack results from weak performance of the final stage of throwing as the judoka exerts his/her effort to execute the skill until he/she carries the opponent over the tatami then he/she suddenly stops the attack and loses the chance to finish the game with one full point (Ippon). Furthermore, repeated inefficient attacks may lead to negative play which is punished by the law and in case of repeated punishments may lead to announce the judoka as a loser. The researcher thinks that this problem affects game results of many judokas. The main reason for this is the weak performance during the last stage of throwing (Kake).
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Aim:
The current research aims to identify the effects of a recommended training program on the effective execution of throwing (Kake) skills (Harai goshi – Uchi mata – Seio nage) for junior judokas. Hypotheses:
- There are statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-measurements of the control group on the effective execution of throwing (Kake) skills for junior judokas in favor of postmeasurements. - There are statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-measurements of the experimental group on the effective execution of throwing (Kake) skills for junior judokas in favor of post-measurements. - There are statistically significant differences between the postmeasurements of the control and experimental groups on the effective execution of throwing (Kake) skills for junior judokas in favor of experimental group. Methods:
Approach: The researcher used the experimental approach (two-group design) with pre- and post-measurements. Participants: Participants (n=10) were purposefully chosen from Al-Shubban AlMuslimeen sports club and Al-Sekka Al-Hadid Sports Club Judokas (14-16 years). Data collection tools: -
A medical balance A restameter A stop watch A manometer A dynamometer 3kg medicine ball Judo mat (tatami) A digital camera A video player Data recording forms -3-
Measurements and tests: 1. Anthropometric measurements (weight – height) 2. Physical tests: - Grip strength (with a manometer) - Back and leg strength (dynamometer) - 3kg medicine ball push with two hands (speed strength) - Moving over marks test (dynamic balance) 3. Effectiveness of technical performance test for skills under investigation (Harai goshi – Uchi mata – Seio nage). This test measures performance effectiveness on three stages (throwing a dummy – throwing a passive opponent – throwing an active opponent) (Al-Shorbagy 2000). The judoka performs the three stages intermittently after suitable rest for total recovery. Duration of each stage is (1) minute during which the judoka performs as many throws as possible. Heart rate is measured immediately after the test. Score is the sum of points awarded to the judoka by judges for correct throw, number of correct throws and heart rate immediately after the test. The recommended training program: The researcher designed the program according to this research aim and participants’ characteristics. Training loads for various aspects (physical – technical – game) were plaaned for each unit. Total duration of the program was (12) weeks (3 units per week) with (36) training units. The program was applied from 22-6-2003 to 11-9-2003. Pre-measurements: Pre-measurements were taken for both groups from 14-6-2003 to 166-2003 day one was dedicated for physical tests while day two was dedicated for technical tests. Post-measurements: Post-measurements were taken for both groups from 13-9-2003 to 14-9-2003 following the same protocol of pre-measurements. The researcher assured that: - The attacking judoka (tori) performs with the same defender (Uke) - Using the same dummy - Using the same rest intervals Statistical treatments: The researcher used SPSS software for treating data statistically through calculating: mean – median – SD – squewness – correlation coefficient – (t) test. -4-
Conclusions:
According to this research aim, hypotheses, methods and results, the researcher concluded the following: 1- The technical performance of throwing was improved significantly due to the recommended program for the experimental group as statistically significant differences were in favor of the postmeasurements. 2- The technical performance of throwing was improved significantly due to the traditional program for the control group as statistically significant differences were in favor of the post-measurements except for: - Heart rate after throwing the dummy and the passive opponent for Harai goshi. - Heart rate after throwing the dummy and the passive opponent for Uchi mata. - Heart rate after throwing the dummy and the active opponent for Seio nage. 3- The technical performance of throwing was improved significantly due to the recommended program for the experimental group compared to the control group as statistically significant differences were in favor of the experimental group. Recommendations:
According to these conclusions, the researcher recommends the following: - Paying more attention to throwing exercises used by judokas - Paying more attention to technical aspects of judokas through various exercises for each skill - Training judokas on complex movements related directly to basic skills and complex and faint moves performed before the skill as this improves attack performance and increases technical experience and tactical execution during matches - Paying more attention to specific physical and technical aspects and linking them together to improve performance efficiency - Using training aids like rubber cords or exercises with partners to improve judo motor skills
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Abstract Title: Effects of a Training Program on the Effectiveness of Performance Level of Throwing Skill (KAKE) for Junior Judokas. Name: Mahmoud El-Sayed Ahmed Baioumy Degree: Master Awarding Year: 2004 The current research aims to identify the effects of a recommended training program on the effectiveness of the technical performance of the throwing (KAKE) stage for some judo skills (Harai goshi – Uchi mata – Seio nage) in junior judokas. The researcher used the experimental approach (two-group design) with pre- and post-measurements. Participants (n=10) were purposefully chosen from judo teams of Al-Shubban Al-Muslimeen Sports Club and AlSekka Al-Hadid Sports Club – Gharbia Judo Zone (14-16 years). The recommended training program was applied for (12) weeks. Results indicated statistically significant differences between the postmeasurements of the control and experimental groups on the technical performance of KAKE in favor of the experimental group. The researcher recommended that junior judokas should perform KAKE repeatedly and the specific physical and technical aspects should be improved. Judokas should be trained on complex movements directly related to basic skills in addition to complex and feint skills performed before the skill to achieve success in attack and to increase the technical and tactical experience of junior judokas.
Recommended citation: Baioumy, Mahmoud El-Sayed Ahmed (2004): Effects of a Training Program on the Effectiveness of Performance Level of Throwing Skill (KAKE) for Junior Judokas. Unpublished Master Dissertation, Faculty of Physical Education – Tanta University.
