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RESEARCH ARTICLE ISSN: 1871-5303 eISSN: 2212-3873
Impact Factor: 1.987
Anthropometric Correlation with Metabolic Syndrome in Sarajevo Population
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Nekić Vanesaa,*, Loga Zec Svjetlanab and Šutković Jasminc a
Novi Grad - JU Dom zdravlja Kantona Sarajevo, Bulevar Meše Selimovića 2, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and b Herzegovina; Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Čekaluša 90, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; c Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnička cesta br.15, 71220 Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract: Background: Metabolic syndrome, described as one of the most common clustering metabolic risk factors in the world, combines minimum three of the following five risk factors: central obesity, elevated fasting glucose, lipid disorders, arterial hypertension and high serum triglycerides. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2009 defined abdominal obesity as the waist circumference of ≥80 cm in women and ≥ 94 cm in men. The research goal of this study is to analyze the anthropometric risk factors for metabolic syndrome, their correlation and effects on metabolic indices related to metabolic syndrome in the analyzed population. A R T I C L E H I S T O R Y Received: September 18, 2015 Revised: January 20, 2016 Accepted: February 04, 2016 DOI: 10.2174/18715303166661602081501 35
Methods: The study population consisted of 90 patients (51 males and 39 females). Total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured in all patients. Results: In the complete study group, WC was found to be significantly correlated with BMI (R = 0. 67, P < 0. 001). Furthermore the correlation analysis significantly confirmed positive association between BMI and WC, where other cardiovascular risk factors significantly increased with increasing BMI. Conclusion: Our results show linear correlation between waist circumference and body mass index, suggesting that the presence of MetSy is seen in both healthy males and female in Sarajevo population.This research indicates and confirms that WC and BMI together are good indicators of health risks in both women and men.
Keywords: Anthropometric parameters, body-mass-index, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, waist circumference. INTRODUCTION With the increasing prevalence of overweight and its connection with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, the application of simple evaluation procedures of anthropometric measurements for excessive body weight and waist circumference (WC), is being implemented [1]. Metabolic syndrome (MetSy) is a concept that defines and describes the interactions of risks factors that are known to be the cause of cardiovascular diseases such as central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia [2]. It is shown that MetSy affects 25% of all world population and it is indisputable that this disease largely depends on development of cardiovascular diseases and the type 2 diabetes mellitus [3], therefore it is expected that the MetSy patients are found to have higher possibility to get heart attack or stroke compared with people without the syndrome [4]. *Address correspondence to this author at the Novi Grad - JU Dom zdravlja Kantona Sarajevo, Sarajevo; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Tel/Fax: +387 33 217 540; E-mail:
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Met syndrome is affected by hormonal factors, proinflammatory conditions, aging and genetic factors [5]. For the definition of MetSy, waist circumference (WC) is an accepted component for MetSy indication, as defined by the Adult Treatment panel III (ATPIII) [6]. According the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), central obesity represents the main factor in diagnosis of metabolic syndrome [4]. WC and BMI have shown to be useful screening methods for the obesity identification. Both indexes are differently associated with obesity through complex physiological and pathological processes [7]. In order to measure the body fat and its distribution, anthropometric measurement is still an important method in clinical practice, especially for the measurement of the body fat distribution [8]. Variation in body composition, age, gender and menopausal status affects the BMI. In addition, fat and lean body mass is not distinguished by BMI nor it does differentiate a better correlate of insulin resistance and peripheral adiposity. In comparison to BMI, WC represents a better measurement of abdominal fat accumulation. i © 2016 Bentham Sc ence Publishers
114 Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets, 2016, Vol. 16, No. 2
Vanesa et al.
The aim of this research is to examine the anthropometric indicators for metabolic syndrome, to determine which of these adipose measures are the best predictors of metabolic risk factors are. Furthermore, this study aims to analyze the BMI and WC joint effects on the metabolic indices related to metabolic syndrome.
triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein HDL and low density lipoprotein (LDL). We measured twice the fasting blood glucose in sodium-fluoride potassium oxalate tubes and for lipids we used lithium heparin vacuum tubes. For Blood glucose concentration, oxidation of glucose was measured using Beckman Coulter analyzer. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were determined by chromatography.
SUBJECT AND METHODS
Serum lipid profile and fasting glucose reference values were determined according the criteria set by International Diabetes Federation (IDF).The statistical data is expressed as mean value ± standard deviation (SD) unless other indicated. Description analysis for all variables is performed, and the differences between groups were shown by variance analysis. The relationship estimation between obesity indicators and metabolic risk factors were done by partial correlation statistical analysis. All analyses were carried out with the statistical program SPSS for Windows v. 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), the minimal level of significance was set at p
