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Energy intake, energy expenditure, and body composition of poor rural Philippine women throughout the first 6 mo of lactation13. M Antonia. Guillermo-Tuazon,.
Energy intake, energy expenditure, and body of poor rural Philippine women throughout the first 6 mo of lactation13 M Antonia

Guillermo-Tuazon,

ABSTRACI’ and

Between

body-fat

mass

kcal/d;

kcal/d)

I ± SD)

at 30 wk.

30 wk postpartum, rural,

metabolic

women

MJ/d

(BMR)

(2073

remained

physical-activity

level

van

in-

Raaij,

Australia tral

respectively. ± 2.05 Mi/d

± 2.37

rate

and

MA

weight

Filipino

0.7 kg (P < 0.05), (NS) from 8.84

lactation,

Joop

body

lactating

at 6 wk to 8.67

Basal

throughout

VC Barba,

and

( 1 6-

America

sistently

shown

and 8.4 Mi/d few observed

Z scores

ofthe

between

breast-fed

tational mended

0 and

infants

performance, energy intakes

Filipino

women

who

-

the

show

growth

patterns

reports kcal/d)

from (9-1

intake,

basal

energy

balance

metabolism,

body

composition,

UNU

Expert

Council of2.

Consultation

(NRC)

1 MJ/d

that 3-4 spectively, trition

for defining

(1)

(2) recommend

(500

kcal/d)

and

Research

dietary

US

al-

National

Research

energy

allowance

an additional

for the first 6 mo oflactation,

Institute

(FNRI)

in

the

Philippines,

reNu-

(for

activity),

state which

Mi/d (1900 kcal/d) (3). By comparison, of the nonpregnant-nonlactating NRC 58-63

kg; light (2200

kcal/d)

to moderate

a body

weight

to be 7.95

the energy requirement reference woman (body activity)

is assumed

to be

(2).

However, studies on food intake affluent societies of North America 874

is estimated

of lactating (4-8), Europe Ai;i

lower

24-27)

observed

are often

in energy

Filipino

intake

women

life.

Subjects

and

7.5

studies a recurring the methodology

fat-mass

losses

substantially

smaller

over (4-28,

the

first

30) than

and

mobilization

of lactation eg, by less

metabolism to understand

cope

with

of maternal

fat re-

may be met by a reduction physical activity (14, 3 1 , 32) efficiency (1 2, 14, 1 5, 33, how poor but healthy

the

energy

stress

in San

Pablo

City

oflactation

in

methods

area and subjects

The of

or between

(20, 21, 23), and only a 9.2 MJ/d (2000 and 2200

2-4-kg-fat mobilization used in the calculation of It has been suggested that, in addition to the

everyday

Study

Mi/d (2600 showed in-

study

Laguna.

Manila

was San

and

earned Pablo

covers

out City

an area

lies

90

of 1 955

km

km2.

in the

province

south-southwest

There

of

are 80 barangays

which

nonpregnant-nonlactating

Mi/d

Furthermore,

serves, part of the cost in energy expenditure,

provided reserves, Food and

ment

moderate

( 1 9, 22,

and 2000 kcal/d) between 8.4 and

energy activity,

suggests that woman (aged 20above the require-

9.20

kcal/d)

( 1 800

(1800 intakes

performance, physical

FAO/WHO/UNU recommendation, parturition, a lactating Filipino an extra 2. 1 Mild (500 kcal/d)

weight

Mi/d

energy intakes > 10.9 less-affluent countries

the supposed recommendations.

adopted the for I y after 39 y) requires in the

Most studies on well-nourished intakes between 7.5 and 9.2 Mu

perfor-

kg (1) or 2-3 kg (2) of maternal-body-fat will be utilized over this period. The

of 49 kg and

amounts. reported

lactational

recommended

the

is considerably

(29).

rural responsible

con-

consumed

have

6 mo oflactation

(RDAs) have reasoned that there should be a substantial in energy intake during lactation. The FAO/WHO/

of Cenhave

the energy

or by an enhanced energy 34). This study was done

Authorities

(23-28),

used

Introduction

lowances increase

countries

Asia

recomhealthy

adequate

kcal/d)

of lac-

that present too high for

lactational

and

(26, 28). Note, however, that in these is the validity of the data considering

for adequacy

1992;56:874-80.

Lactation,

less-affluent

(22),

Britain revealed 1). Reports from

7.5