ESA Presentation - IEEE Xplore

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management presented by Catherine Morlet

([email protected])

2013 Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Outline

1. 4D trajectory management and multiple link concepts 2. SESAR and ESA Iris interactions 3. Key requirements of the Satellite Communication Mission 4. Status of the design work 5. Way forward

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 2 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

What is the European Space Agency?

Purpose of ESA: ಯTo provide for and promote, for exclusively peaceful purposes, cooperation among European states in space research and technology and their space applications.ರ • Intergovernmental organisation with 20 Member States: 18 EU states (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland (since Sep.2012), Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom) plus Norway and Switzerland • Canada takes part in some programmes under a cooperation agreement. • 7 other EU states have Cooperation Agreements (Estonia, Slovenia, Hungary, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania and the Slovak Republic) while 2 are negotiating Cooperation Agreements (Bulgaria and Malta). Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 3 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

From today’s voice air traffic control to 4D trajectory management

Past

Future

Today

A320

Procedural Control Estimate the current & planned a/c positions

Radar Control Know the current Estimate the planned a/c positions

Trajectory Management Know & Share the current & planned a/c positions

Towards wards 4D trajectory mana management: ment:

Source: Airbus, ICAO GANIS

¾

Objective: increased level of automation and progressive delegation of separation tasks to the pilot =>need new air-ground datalinks

¾

Need for interoperability / new standards => need to validate and standardise Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 4 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

From today’s voice air traffic control to 4D trajectory management In other words, European challenges targets for 2020 are to save on average per flight (cf. SESAR objectives): a.

8 to 14 minutes

b.

300 to 500 kg of fuel

c.

948 to 1575 kg of CO2

a.

Air Traffic to double by 2030

b.

Safety shall be improved

While:

Î 4D trajectory management will be implemented to achieve the targets Î Communication technologies are enablers for the 4D concept

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 5 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

The multiple link concept Terminal Manoeuvering Area / En-route (continental area: dual link )

Airport

Oceanic, Remote & Polar

Login (no traffic)

Airport network

Future terrestrial network

System Wide Information Management (SWIM) Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 6 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

European AOC Centre

European Air Traffic Control Centre

Satcom

SatCom system boundaries

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 7 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Cooperation SESAR and Iris

Î Iris will perform the verification (or “technical validation”) of the SatCom system Î SESAR projects will perform the validation of the multiple link Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 8 ES ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Mission requirements

1. The mission requirements document gathers requirements for: a.

The future operational system

b.

The validation of the future system

2. Particular areas of interest (see next slides): a.

Coverage

b.

Aircraft and terminal

c.

Interoperability and standardisation

d.

Performances and safety

e.

Service provision and certification

3. The system developed can be deployed worldwide but SESAR with the support of ESA will only deploy the European infrastructure Satellite communication uni requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 9 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Coverage requirements for the European system 1. Coverage of the European airspace including Eurocontrol and EU Member States as a minimum 2. An extended coverage including all countries of the Functional Airspace Blocks (FABs) and the Northern areas under European responsibility 3. Moreover a single geostationary satellite covering Europe could provide AOC services over a broader area over the Ocean and/or over Africa.

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 10 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Aircraft and airborne terminal requirements 1. All aircraft flying IFR are considered as candidate users of 4D trajectory management i.e. terminals developed for airliners but also for General Aviation (i.e. business jets, rotorcraft, etc.) 2. Terminals need to be low cost and highly reliable with a.

Small antennas (Low power consumption, highly reliable, low drag)

b.

Ability to operate without forced air cooling

c.

Software certification of the data unit

3. Communication shall be possible in all phases of flight Î This includes banking conditions All these requirements shall also be considered for the validation of the system Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 11 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Interoperability and standardisation requirements 1. Suitable for use by any world region to ensure interoperability: a.

An open standard with available specifications (ICAO)

b.

Capability for modular regional system deployment

c.

Aircraft fitted with a single user terminal for seamless global interoperability

d.

Competition between satcom service providers is also possible (several providers with interoperable networks)

2. Ubiquitous coverage: continental airspace and oceanic/remote airspace, with the same high performance level 3. The communication system is independent of navigation information (i.e. no need of GPS information) 4. Spectrum available, with no interference from commercial systems (frequency band for safety services)

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 12 Sa ES ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Performance and safety requirements

1. 4D trajectory management requires: a.

High availability of provision and of use

b.

High reliability of the data transfers

c.

Low error rate/quasi error free data transmissions

2. The multiple link concept allows to apportion equally the availability parameters between the technologies 3. Reliability and integrity/error rates can not be apportioned and have to be fulfilled by each technology. The most demanding performance are: Parameter Expiration Time Time Delay (95th Percentile delay) Integrity Continuity Availability of Provision Availability of Use

Performance 5s 1.4 s 5.00E-008 0.9996 0.999995 0.9995

Source: COCR

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 13 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Service provision and certification requirements 1. The value chain identifies many actors: airspace users, ANSPs, communication service providers, Satellite service provider, satellite operator, system owner. 2. A single actor may play several roles in the value chain 3. But only the Satellite Service Provider (SSP) will need to be certified a.

Single European Sky and EASA regulations shall apply

b.

ITU regulations shall apply

c.

The liability regime shall be established

Though the validation of the system does not require certification, the process shall be initiated as soon as possible to enable a start of deployment soon after validation is complete.

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 14 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Drivers for system design

1. Performance and safety 2. Business case a.

Low user cost

b.

Low airborne terminal cost

c.

Provision of AOC in addition to ATS

d.

Enabling competition among service providers

3. Interoperability based on an open standard

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 15 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Status of the design work

1. Mission requirements are consolidated 2. The design of the satellite system has been progressing in parallel to the consolidation of the mission, with several options 3. The preliminary design review of the operational system will be held in 2013, as well as the preliminary design review of the airborne terminal 4. The technical specification of the proposal for a Communication Standard is consolidated 5. Emulators used for the verification of the proposed Communication Standard and will start being developed by summer 2013; Verification will end in 2014. Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 16 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Way forward

1. The validation infrastructure will comprise: a.

Prototypes of the airborne terminal that can be used in test aircraft

b.

One or two ground earth station and associated control and management centres

c.

A space segment (dedicated for the validation or not)

d.

The interfaces of the Satellite system with the terrestrial infrastructure

2. This validation infrastructure will be used for: a.

Technical validation

b.

Preparation of the certification of the service provider

3. In parallel the standardisation process will be initiated as of 2014: a.

Update of the AMS(R)S SARPs and technical manual in ICAO

b.

New MASPS and MOPS in EUROCAE

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 17 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public

Contact points

ESA Iris Programme [email protected]

ESA Iris System Design Studies [email protected] (Requirements and Standardisation Manager) [email protected] (Assistant system engineer) SESAR P15.2.6 [email protected] (Mission requirements - Task manager)

More information on Iris available via http://telecom.esa.int/iris

Satellite communication requirements for 4D air traffic management | C.Morlet | 23/04/2013 | TIA-TI | Slide 18 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – Releasable to the Public