(present continuous and present simple). 2 0 - 2 1 have got .... worked through
the exercises in Essential Grammar in Use (or elsewhere), but who need more, or
...
CAMBRIDGE
Essential Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises
SECOND EDITION
Helen Naylor with Raymond Murphy
with answers
Essential Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises With Answers
Helen Naylor with Raymond Murphy
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY
PRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao Paulo, Delhi Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521675420 © Cambridge University Press 2 0 0 7 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2 0 0 7 3rd printing 2 0 0 9 Printed in Dubai by Oriental Press
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN
978-0-521-675420 978-0-521-675413 978-0-521-675802 978-0-521-675819 978-0-521-675444
Essential Essential Essential Essential Essential
Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar Grammar
Library
in Use Supplementary Exercises with Answers in Use Supplementary Exercises without Answers in Use with Answers in Use without Answers in Use C D - R O M
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel timetables and other factual information given in this work are correct at the time of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter. Produced by Kamae Design, Oxford.
Contents To the student
v
To the teacher
v
Exercises 1-5
am/is/are
6-9
I am doing
10-14
I do/work/like
(present continuous) (present simple) 15-19
I am doing and I do
20-21
have got
22-29
was/were and I worked/got/went
(present continuous and present simple)
(past) 30-32
I was doing and I did
33-35
I do / I am doing and I did / I was doing
(past continuous and past simple) (present and past, simple and continuous) 36-39
I have done
40-43
How long have you ... ?
(present perfect) (present perfect questions) 44-49
I have done and I did
50-52
I do / I have done / I did
(present perfect and past simple) (present, present perfect and past) 53-57
is done / was done and is being done / has been don
58-60
be/have/do and regular/irregular verbs
(passive) (verb forms) 61 - 6 3
What are you doing tomorrow?
64-66
I'm going to do
67-70
will/shall
71 - 7 4
I am doing / I am going to do / I'll do
75-76
might
77-80
can and could
81-82
must
(the future: present tenses)
(future forms)
mustn't
83-85
should
86-87
I have to
88-90
Do this!
91-92
I used to
don't need to
Don't do that!
Let's do this!
93-94
there and it
95-99
I do
63
do you?
so do I
I don't
64
(auxiliary verbs) 100-105
is it ... ? have you .... ?
do they ... ?
67
(questions) 106-109
Do you know where ... ?
110-111
She said that ...
71
He told me that ...
(reported speech)
73
112-118
doing
75
119-120
do
121-125
I
do
to do
make me
have
my
78
mine
myself
79
(pronouns and possessives) 126-128 129-132
Kate's camera
81
a/an and some (singular and plural)
82
133-136
a/an and the
84
137-141
some
142-143
someone
144-145
every and all
146-147
all
148-149
both
150-152
a lot / much / many
1 53-1 54
old / nice / interesting
any
no
none
anything
most
nowhere
88 89
some
either
86
any
no
none
neither
90 91
(a) little / (a) few quickly / badly / suddenly
92 94
(adjectives and adverbs) 1 5 5 - 1 59
older (than)
the oldest
not as old as
95
160-164
enough and too
165-166
word order
167-168
and
169-171
if we go and if we went
102
172-174
a person (who) ...
103
(comparatives and superlatives)
but
98 100
or
so
because
when...
a thing (that/which) ...
101
(relative clauses) 175-177
at
178-180
in
until
before
105
(prepositions of time) under
through
107
(prepositions of place and movement) 181-183
good at (doing)
listen to
184-185
go in, fall off, run away
109
(prepositions before and after verbs) 111
(phrasal verbs)
IV
Key
112
Thanks
128
To the student This book is for elementary (and lower intermediate) students who want extra practice in grammar. It covers most of the grammar areas in Essential Grammar in Use. You can use it without a teacher. There are 185 exercises in this new edition. Each exercise relates to a particular part of
Essential Grammar in Use: Third Edition. You can find the Essential Grammar in Use unit numbers in the top right-hand corner of each page. You can use this book if you don't have Essential Grammar in Use because all the answers, with lots of alternatives, are given in the Key (pages 1 1 2 - 1 2 7 ) . But if you want an explanation of the grammar points, you'll need to check in Essential
Grammar
in Use.
The grammar points covered in this book are not in order of difficulty, so you can go straight to the parts where you need most practice. But where there are several exercises on one grammar point, you will find that the easier ones come first. So, it is a good idea to follow the exercise order in each section. Many of the exercises are in the form of letters, conversations or short articles. You can use these as models for writing or speaking practice.
To the teacher Essential Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises offers extra practice of most of the grammar covered in Essential Grammar in Use: Third Edition. Much of the language is contextualised within dialogues, letters, articles, etc., encouraging students to consider meaning as well as form. This book can be used as self-study material or as a basis for further practice in class or as homework. It is designed for students who have already worked through the exercises in Essential Grammar in Use (or elsewhere), but who need more, or more challenging, practice. It is particularly useful for revision work. The exercises are organised in the same order as the units of Essential Grammar in Use, and the numbers of the relevant Essential Grammar in Use units are shown in the top right-hand corner of each page. Although the grammar areas are not covered in order of difficulty in the book as a whole, there is a progression where several exercises are offered on one area. For example, Exercise 7 requires students to use given verbs in the correct form, Exercise 8 requires them to write complete positive and negative sentences, and Exercise 9 requires them to write complete questions within the context of a conversation. The contextualised practice in the book offers the opportunity for much further writing practice, using the exercises as models or springboards for speaking and writing practice of a freer nature. The symbol >p|g is used where a student is required to write freely from personal experience.
Units 1-2
am/is/are
Complete the description of Hannah, and her family and friends. Use the words from the box.
'm (am) / 'm not (am not) 'Hello, I (l) ..'.HO.
's (is) / isn't (is not)
're (are) / aren't (are not)
Hannah. I (2) ...JTLML.. British. I (3)
sport (4)
basketball, but I (5)
from Canada. My favourite a good player because I (6)
very tall. This (7) (9)
my brother, Josh. He (8)
interested in sport. He thinks it
boring.
Mark and Steffi (10) holiday. It (12)
our friends. They (11)
at work today because it's a
Steffi's birthday today - she (13)
18 years old.'
Write what Hannah says about her father. Thai's my . f a i r e r . (Steve) (45 years old) (engineer) (interested in cars) (not at work today - sick) Rose works for a magazine. She is asking a man some questions. Complete the questions.
Ml^.L.ffiL.
name? from?
old
? eyes? job? afraid of? favourite actor? here?
Thank you for answering my questions. 6
Alberto Simonetti. Italy.
20. Brown. I'm a student. Snakes and spiders. A1 Pacino. Because I want to visit your country.
You're
welcome
Units 1-2
am/is/are
Look at the words in the boxes and answer the questions. W r i t e two sentences, one positive and one negative. 1 Which of these buildings is old? T h e Opera House in Sydney
T h e Acropolis in Athens
2 Which of these countries are islands? Cuba
Iceland
Scotland
Cuba, ax\d Iceland are
Scotland ax\d
islands.
3 Which of these vegetables are green? carrots
peas
onions
4 Which of these animals are big? cats
whales
elephants
5 Which of these is expensive? gold
milk
ice-cream
6 Which of these are you interested in? politics
music
sport
Russia
am/is/are
ED3BB
Look at the photo of a family group. Read the answers first, then write the questions about the people. YOU:
(l)
M^.P.!?....^ 1 .^....^.^....'... ?
MARIA:
That's my father. He's a dentist.
YOU:
(2)
MARIA:
He's 5 8 .
?
YOU:
(3)
MARIA:
Yes, it is. She's a dentist, too.
YOU:
(4)
MARIA:
That's my sister, Laura.
YOU:
(5)
that
mother? ? ?
MARIA:
She's 3 0 .
YOU:
(6)
MARIA:
N o , it's Laura's husband.
YOU:
(7)
MARIA:
Ferdinand.
your brother? ?
YOU:
(8)
MARIA:
Yes. That's Ella and Francisco.
their children?
Write sentences using the words from the box. Include some questions ( W h e r e is ... ?, Are your parents ... ? etc.). Use each word at least once. 18
I
is/isn't
your parents
expensive
Jim's book
am/am not
an engineer
Anna
where
old
Spanish
at work
are/aren't
how
AflMr. I&ll k Spoils VI. W^.ere.. Is.. Juno.' 5..book?
I
8
I am doing
Units 3-4, Appendix 5
(present continuous) Q j
How do you spell it? Write the continuous form (-ing) of these verbs in the correct list. arrive
lie
live
b^11 make
come play
-gey put
dance rob
decide start
-diestop
dig
forget
swim
tie
have wear
help win
laugh work
listen write
Complete the postcard with the correct form of the present continuous (is/are + -ing). Sometimes the verb is negative (isn't/aren't + -ing).
t
9
Units 3-4, Appendix 5
I am doing
Look at the picture and the description. Correct the mistakes in the description.
Steve is reading a newspaper. T h e boys, Sam and Eric, are playing with a ball. They are both wearing sunglasses. Pam is cooking chicken. She's laughing because the smoke is getting in her eyes. J o is standing with her mother and is listening to music on her personal stereo. She is eating an orange. Fred, the dog, is lying on the grass asleep. 1 Steve
X}.. tr...
9.... ..
$ P.^rP.^T....... H
... .. bo ok.
2 Sam and Eric 3 They 4
You are talking to your friend, Barbara, on the phone. Ask questions to find out what she and her family are doing.
In the sitting r o o m .
Where are you? (do) ?
I'm talking to you!
(sit)?
O n the floor.
(laugh)?
Because there's a funny man on TV.
(watch)?
A comedy programme.
(enjoy) it?
Yes, I am, but I'm listening to you too. In the kitchen.
Where's Pete? (cook) dinner? (talk) to?
N o , he's talking to someone. His friend, James. In the kitchen too.
And where are your parents? (talk) to James? (make)?
N o , they're making dinner. M y mum is cooking fish and my dad is cutting the bread.
10
Units 13-14
I do/work/like
(present simple)
Sam and Marisa have very different lives. Read about Sam. Then complete the sentences about Marisa. Use the present simple, negative and then positive (1) Marisa
Sam gets up early.
^^L.^L.^Z..^.^....
She'
in bed until 10 o'clock,
(stay)
(2)She
He drives a car.
She He works in an office.
a bike, (ride)
(3)
at home, (stay) He has lunch in a restaurant.
(4) lunch at home,
He likes cats.
(make)
(5) dogs, (prefer)
He plays computer games.
(6) TV. (watch)
Complete the description of London. Use the present simple.
London, the capital city of the UK, (1 )
.te
(have) a population of eight million.
It is a 24-hour city. Some people say the city never (2 )
(sleep), so ifs an
exciting place to visit. There are many interesting things for tourists to do and see in London - the London Eye, for example. The London Eye is a big wheel. It (3 )
(have) 32 capsules and
each one (4)
(hold) 25 people.
The wheel (5)
(not move) very
fast - a ride (6)
(take) 30
minutes. A ticket (7)
(cost)
£11.50 for adults. You (8)
(not
pay) for children under 5 years old. It is better to book your tickets before if you (9) (not want) to wait for hours. The London Eye (io)
(not work) late at night, but
it is open every day, usually until 10 pm.
Units 5-7
I do/work/like
There are mistakes in nine of these sentences. Correct the sentences where necessary. W r i t e 'OK' if the sentence is already correct. 1 David take the bus to work. to..work, 2 G o you to the office every day? 3 M y car don't work when it is cold. 4 W h a t time the film starts? 5 H o w many eggs you want for breakfast? 6 Does the 9 . 3 0 train stop at every station? 7 W h a t does do your father? 8 I not write many letters. I usually use email 9 W h a t Sue usually have for lunch? 10 H o w much do these apples cost? 11 Charlie play tennis, but he doesn't enjoy it Complete the text with the words from the box. gives them breakfast
6 o'clock
many times
St John's Hospital
wakes the children up
10 o'clock
very tired
2 0 children
M y name is Jennie. I'm (l)
and I work at (2)
I look
after sick children at night. I start work at (3) (4)
bus
and finish early at
in t h e m o r n i n g . I g o t o w o r k by (5)
, but
I come home in the morning by taxi because I'm tired. I have (6) my section. I look at the children (7)
in
during the night. Sometimes I sit
and talk to a child. The children sleep most of the time. At 6 o'clock the day nurse arrives and (8)
She (9)
at 7 o'clock. I go home and
g o t o b e d a t 8 o ' c l o c k . I u s u a l l y feel (10)
You are asking Jennie about her job. Use the information in the text to complete the questions.
12
11
?
12 Where
?
13 W h a t time
?
14 W h a t time
?
15 H o w
?
16 H o w many
?
1 7 H o w often
?
18 When
?
19 W h a t
at 7 o'clock?
20 How
when you go home?
Jennie
Units 5-7
I do/work/like
Paula is in the city centre. An interviewer is asking her some questions about the local cinema. Read Paula's answers first, then write the interviewer's questions. INTERVIEWER:
(!)
hoim. o . f e ^
PAULA:
Usually once a week.
INTERVIEWER:
(2 )
PAULA:
N o , with a friend.
p alone?
INTERVIEWER:
(3 )
PAULA:
I walk because I live nearby.
there?
INTERVIEWER:
(4 )
PAULA:
£6.00.
INTERVIEWER:
(5 )
PAULA:
At the back of the cinema.
INTERVIEWER:
(6 )
PAULA:
All kinds of films, especially comedies.
INTERVIEWER:
(7 )
PAULA:
M y favourite is 'Silent Streets'.
?
?
?
film?
(8)
INTERVIEWER:
anything - ice-cream, for example? N o , I don't, but I usually have a cola.
PAULA:
T h a n k you for answering my questions.
INTERVIEWER:
You're welcome.
PAULA:
Now use Paula's answers to complete this paragraph. Paula usually (9)
goes
to the cinema once a week with a friend. She (10)
the cinema because she (li) she (13)
nearby. T h e ticket (12)
£ 6 . 0 0 and
at the back of the cinema. She (14) ...
especially comedies. Her favourite film (15) (16)
to
anything, but she usually (17)
all kinds of films,
'Silent Streets'. She a cola.
W h a t about you? Do you go to the cinema? Write a short paragraph like the one above.
13
I am doing and I do
(present continuous and present simple) Which is right?
From: To:
Subject:
Maggie Tait Stefan Richter I ' m bored
Hi, Stefan (i) It^ainsV It's raining, so (2) I write / I'm writing to you. (3) I'm hating / I hate rain! (4) Do you remember / Are you remembering Lorenzo, my cat? At the moment, (5) he lies / he's lying on the floor and (6) keeps / keeping my feet warm. He's really old now, and every day (7) he's sleeping / he sleeps for hours. One good thing, (8) he doesn't catch / he isn't catching birds any more - he's too slow. My mum and dad (9) watch / are watching an old black and white film on TV. (io) They're liking / They like the old Buster Keaton comedies. (ii) They don't laugh / They aren't laughing very much, so maybe this one isn't funny. Oh, big surprise! I've got a job. Every Saturday (12) I work / I'm working from 9 o'clock to 5 o'clock in a supermarket. It's an OK job, but (13) I don't want / I'm not wanting to stay there for ever. What (14) do you do / are you doing at the moment? I think (15) you sit / you're sitting in your garden and (16) the sun shines / the sun's shining and ... Tell me. Love, Maggie H Read about what John does before breakfast every day and what he is doing now. Every day John gets up at 6 . 3 0 and does some exercises in the garden. Then he has a shower. He gets dressed and listens to the news on the radio. Then he goes downstairs and makes breakfast. At the moment John is sitting in the kitchen and drinking a cup of tea. He is reading a magazine and thinking about his holiday. Now write two paragraphs about yourself. Use some of the words from the boxes, or some of the words from John's story, or think of your own ideas. • Write about four things you do before breakfast every day. clean my teeth
feed the cat
go for a run
read
talk
Write about four things you're doing now. do
hold
At the moment
14
learn
listen to
look at
sit
write
Unit 8
I am doing and I do
Look at the pictures. W r i t e two questions for each picture. Use the present continuous of one verb and the present simple of the other verb. 1 ruth: JAMES: ruth: JAMES:
2 BOY: WOMAN:
Where
? (go)
T o the cinema. Do. ,ijow..e:>3joy
the c i n e m a ?
(enjoy)
Yes, I do.
What
? (do)
I'm a photographer.
BOY:
WOMAN:
3 JEFF:
4
?
I'm checking the light.
When
usually (finish)
now?
(leave)
BRIAN:
At quarter past five. Why
BRIAN:
Because I have a dentist's appointment.
LUCY:
What
PAUL:
Reading, I think.
John
? (do) a lot?
LUCY:
5
work? JEFF:
PAUL:
the children
run
Because they're late. they
BETH:
school? ANNE:
(read)
Yes, all the time.
BETH: ANNE:
(do)
(start)
At half past eight.
15
Unit 8
I am doing and I do
Complete the sentences. Use the present simple (do etc.) or present continuous (doing etc.), positive or negative. N o thanks, I
1 ( Have a chocolate.
(like)
chocolate. 2 (jWhat
(read)?^?
3 (jLet's have lunch in the garden, 4
letter from my s i s t e r T ^ r ?
77\
No, we can't. It
^
Where's David?
(rain).
A
He's in his study. He (read) emails. Yes. Turn the T V off. They
5 (^Are Sue and J o e a s l e e p ? ^ ! ^ 7
(watch) it. 6 (^What time
(get u p ) y (eat) m e a t p j ^ r ^
8 (^Why
(smile)
9 (^JDo you like French films?
(^Me? About 7 usually, (^Sandra? N o , she's a vegetarian, (^Because I'm happy, N o t really. I (understand) French.
Write questions from these words. Put the verbs in the present simple (do you have etc.) or the present continuous (are you having etc.). Then write your own positive or negative short answers. 1 you / have / dinner at the moment? A 2 you / read / a newspaper every day? 3 it / rain much in your country? 4 you / usually / do your homework on a computer? 5 you / have / a drink now? 6 you / drink coffee for breakfast every day? 7 you / work / at the moment? 8 students / eat lunch at school in your country?
16
No ,....[ Vi... not
Complete the description of Ruth with has got ('s got) / hasn't got or have got ('ve got) / haven't got. Ruth is 2 1 . She (l) .....£...g.ofc
f a i r hair and blue eyes. She (2)
and Carl, but she (3)
two brothers, Will
any sisters. Her brothers (4)
and brown eyes. One of her brothers, Will, is married. He (5) Ruth is an aunt. She lives with her parents in a house. It (6) (7)
a garden. She (8)
(9)
her computer and a TV. She (10)
(11)
brown hair two children, so five rooms, but it
a small room in the house. In it she a car, but her parents
one because they can't drive.
What about you? Write about yourself and other people you know. Write positive and negative sentences for each person. i [..haven't ..got. .jx.blke.
My mother/father Our neighbours My teacher My best friend
Write questions with got (have you got ... ?, has it got... ? etc.). 1 MARY: PAT: 2 HELEN: PAM: 3 PETER: SUE: 4 DIANA:
Tim is a good photographer. What kind of camera My neighbours love cats. How many
?
Jack and Sally are buying a new house. How many rooms
?
Tony wants to talk to you.
ALEX: 5 MARTIN:
?
my mobile number? My sister and brother-in-law have been married for six years.
ROSE:
6 TONY:
any children?
Kate is going to the dentist this afternoon.
ALICE:
7 CHRIS: SARAH:
toothache?
Can you write down Jon's new address for me? Sure
a pen?
17
Units 25-28
was/were and I worked/got/went (past)
Complete the sentences. Use l/she was etc. or we/they were etc. 1 Liz worked very late last night.
tired.
2 Carlos lost his job yesterday.
angry.
3 We laughed a lot at last night's film.
funny.
4 J o e and his dog fell into the river yesterday.
wet.
5 Yesterday was a beautiful day.
sunny.
6 We saw a horror film on Saturday.
really frightened.
7 Paul and Sue didn't have anything to eat yesterday.
hungry.
8 I had a great holiday last year.
happy.
Where were you at these times? Use I was at/in + a place. at 6 . 3 0 yesterday morning, last Saturday. at 7 o'clock yesterday evening last Tuesday afternoon, at midnight last night, at 1 o'clock yesterday, ten minutes ago. Write questions and short answers with was/were. 1 MAX:
M y g r a n d m o t h e r d i e d in 1 9 9 0 .
OSCAR: MAX:
2 ELLA:
? (old) No,
.§He. w a s n ' h
J a c k and Rita had an examination yesterday.
BETH: ELLA:
3 SALLY:
? (difficult) No,
I had a wonderful red sports car when I was younger.
TONY: SALLY:
4 DAVE:
? (fast) Yes,
M i k e got some tickets for the World Cup.
CAROL: DAVE:
5 ALEX:
? (expensive) No,
I ran the 1 0 0 metres in competitions when I was younger.
KATYA: ALEX:
6 BEN:
? (nervous) No,
Julia wasn't at work yesterday.
MARK: BEN:
18
? (ill)
Yes,
Units 10-12
was/were and I worked/got/went
Last weekend Judy went to Paris to see her friend, Sarah. Read Judy's diary, then complete the letter that she wrote. Use the past simple, positive or negative. S u n d a y 28 J u n e
Saturday 27 j U n e a m
ARRI biAy A birthday ^resert "for MIAM
"Ay t o Paris'
tave lurch with ^ArAh P m
t o Ar
A
ftseei Clnriz f o r
hAve A picric by the river
r t exhibition,
pm tAVce a boAt cruise or the river dir^er ir ^ArAhV A^ArtMert
dirrer
"t0 the TA^D Clwb
cAtch the I Ate -flight howe
Think about what you did one day last week. W r i t e a letter to a friend. Use the past simple. W
I
A father asked his child some questions at the end of the day. Begin the questions with Did you ... and the verbs from box A. Complete the questions with the endings from box B. A -de
play
a big lunch
a history lesson
go
spend
any money
any T V
have
visit
football
to school
have
watch
your grandmother
your h o m e w o r k
19
Units 10-12
was/were and I worked/got/went
Here is part of a website about the singer Elvis Presley. Complete the text with the verbs from the box. Use the past simple, positive or negative. be
be
marry
be
come sing
meet
Elvis
die
go
spend
have
study
have
teach
leave wear
make win
- The King of Rock and Roll
Elvis Presley was born in 1935 in Mississippi, USA. He lived with his parents, Gladys and Vernon. Elvis (l)
from a large family - lots of aunts, uncles and cousins - but he (2)
brothers or sisters. He loved singing, and in 1945 he (3) He also (4)
.
When Elvis (5)
13 years old, he and his family moved to Memphis, Tennessee
In the evenings, he (7) for his mother. In 1954 he made his first public record and it was a success. People loved his music. They also loved the clothes he (9) and the way he moved when he During his
life, he also ( l i ) 33 movies. Elvis (12)
into
the US army for two years and most of his
time in Germany. It was in Germany that he (14)
Priscilla
Beaulieu, and they (15 )
in 1967. They
(16 )
a daughter,
Lisa Marie. The last years of Elvis's life (17 )
happy - he
divorced Priscilla and he had an eating problem. He (18) in 1977 at the age of 42, but he still has many millions of fans all over the world.
20
school in 1953 and worked as a truck driver. at night school because he wanted to be an electrician. In the
same year, he made his first record, but it (8)
(13)
a school singing competition.
himself to play the guitar.
because they wanted a better life. He (6)
(10)
any
for sale in the shops - it was a present
was/were and I worked/got/went
Units 10-12
Your friend asks you some questions about Elvis Presley. Read the answers first, then write the questions. Use the past simple (Did ... ? , W h e n did ... ? etc.). YOUR
FRIEND
1
P.iA...h&..hMy.
2
WHen did
YOU krp^.e-rs.. or
s istets
N o , but he had lots of other people in his
?
family. In 1 9 4 5 - when he was ten years old.
3
He taught himself to play.
4
Because they wanted a better life.
5
In 1 9 5 3 .
6
Yes, as a truck driver.
7
Because he wanted to be an electrician.
8
Everything - his music, his clothes and
9
33.
the way he moved.
10 11 12
Yes, one girl - Lisa Marie.
13
In 1 9 7 7 .
Two years. Priscilla Beaulieu.
Complete the postcard. Use the past simple (arrived, saw etc.) or was/were. Two verbs are in the negative. Hi Tony tm in San Frisco
now. We (1)
MWV*.
here yesterday. Before
ten days in New York. It (3)
(2) wonderful. Pau/a and I (4)
a lot of interesting
including the Empire State Building. We (5) to be there. We (8)
both really a boat down the river
the Statue of Uberty. We (9) so I bought one. We also (11) (13)
to see
through CTreenwic.h Village and
watched many artists at work. The paintings (10) musical - I (12)
places,
to the. top - it
very high and we (7)
(6) edited
that, we
expensive, to the. theatre and saw a
it was fantasticbut
Pau/a
it very much. The weather (14)
bit wet sometimes. But now here in San Francisco, it's hot and Sunny. Love, E/ena (and Paula)
Now write a postcard to a friend from your last holiday.
OK - a
J M U J | » STATU H H T A C t
I was doing and I did
Units 13-14
(past continuous and past simple) Look at the picture. This was Rosamund Street at 10.30 yesterday morning. W h a t was happening? Where was it happening? Write sentences. Use the past continuous.
At 10.30 yesterday morning 1 Rosa wa^... working, .w.hw.j.oow.. 2 Sam 3 Sam's dogs 4 Lynn 5 Mrs Drake 6 Philip 7 Mike and Tim 8 Felix 9 Paul W h a t about you? What were you doing yesterday at these times? Use the past continuous. 10 1 0 . 3 0 in the morning 11 1 2 . 3 0 12 6 . 1 5 in the evening 13 8 . 3 0 in the evening 14 midnight
At
Units 13-14
I was doing and I did
Complete the conversations. Use was/were, the past simple (did etc.) or the past continuous (was doing etc.). 1 POLICE OFFICER:
What
HWZ.S9.U...4AWQ
(you / do) when the accident
hWmtA.
(happen)? COLIN:
I
was
a
t the bus stop. I
POLICE OFFICER: COLIN:
2 NICOLA:
was. wai^.g
(wait) for a bus.
( y o u / see) t h e a c c i d e n t ? N o , because I
I
(read) the newspaper.
(telephone) you at 9 o'clock last night, but you
were not at home. MARTIN:
9 o'clock? I
(sit) in a c a f e ,
(drink) hot chocolate. NICOLA:
J a n e with you?
MARTIN:
N o , she
NICOLA:
Where
MARTIN:
I
3 MUM: ANGIE:
(work) in the library. (you / go) after the cafe? (go) h o m e .
Oh no! M y beautiful cup! W h a t happened? I ' m really sorry, M u m . I
( b r e a k ) it w h e n I ( w a s h ) it.
MUM:
How?
ANGIE:
M y hands
wet and I
(drop)
it on the floor. 4 SOPHIE:
(you / think) yesterday's e x a m
difficult? EDDIE:
N o , not really, but I
SOPHIE:
W h y not?
EDDIE:
Because I
5 ANDREW:
(not / write) very much. (dream) about my holidays.
There
a crash outside my house yesterday.
MAGGIE:
What
(happen)?
ANDREW:
I don't know. It
(rain), but the two drivers (not / g o ) t o o fast.
MAGGIE:
ANDREW:
they hurt?
One man
(break) his arm and the other man (cut) his hand.
6 TRACEY:
Pardon? I didn't hear you. Could you say that again, please?
DAVE:
I
TRACEY:
Who
DAVE:
Sarah.
TRACEY:
Oh, sorry.
(not / talk) to you. (you / talk) to?
23
Units 13-14
I was doing and I did
At 10 o'clock yesterday morning, there was a robbery at the Midwest Bank. You are a police officer and you are asking Tim Smith some questions about what he was doing, what other people were doing, and what he saw. Write the questions. Use was/were, the past simple (did you do etc.) and the past continuous (were you doing etc.).
E=a e=j 1=3 ye for ^ow. NCristeiA,
W r i t e a sentence for each situation. Use the present perfect continuous (has/have been doing etc.) + for/since. 1 Sam and I arranged to meet at the cinema at 7 o'clock. I arrived on time, but I'm still waiting for Sam to arrive. 2 J o h n started his phone call 2 0 minutes ago and he's still talking. John 3 Olga and Peter are tired. They started walking six hours ago and they're still walking. They 4 You started watching T V at 9 o'clock this morning and you're still watching it. You 5 Laura felt sick at lunchtime today and she's still feeling sick. Laura 6 Fred got on the Trans-Europe express train on the 2 8 t h of June. Today it's the 3 0 t h of June and he's still travelling. Fred 7 I hate this weather. It started raining 12 hours ago and it's still raining. It
32
Unit 20
I have done and I did (present perfect and past simple) Write questions. Use the present perfect or the past simple. Read the answers first. How long / Sarah / live / in Poland? How
Since 2 0 0 0 .
When / John / lose / his job?
Three weeks ago.
How long / Ricardo / have / a cat?
Since January.
What time / you / finish / work last night?
At 9 o'clock.
When / last time / you / have / a holiday?
Last year.
How long / you / watch / T V / last night?
All evening.
When / Chris / go out?
Ten minutes ago.
How long / your father / be / in hospital?
Since Monday.
There are mistakes in eight of these sentences. Correct the sentences where necessary. Write 'OK' if the sentence is already correct. 1 When have Tim and Annie been to India?
.^...1™...^..
2 I'm here since last year. 3 Maria has just written a book. It's very good. 4 Sue's an actor. She's been a photographer five years ago. 5 James and I have met last March. 6 The weather has been cold for many days. 7 John is looking for a new job since last month 8 Have you spoken to your parents last night? 9 I played the guitar since I was a child. 10 What have you done last night?
33
Unit 20
I have done and I did
Tick ( / ) the best ending for each sentence. 1 I've already been to the museum, A after I was in London. B so I don't want to go again.
/
2 David and Akemi have been married for five years A and they were very happy. B and they are very happy. 3 Maggie and Di met in 1 9 8 8 A and started a business together two years later. B and have started a business together two years later. 4 Jackie has been ill A yesterday. B all day. 5 I went to Italy A in the summer. B since my birthday. 6 J o h n has gone out, A so don't phone him. B when he heard the news. Complete the second sentence in each pair. Use the present perfect or the past simple. 1 H o w long have you been here? When
we
? (arrive)
2 When did Jane buy her computer? H o w long
? (have)
3 Clare became a politician 2 0 years ago. Clare
2 0 years,
(be)
4 J o e started work here in 2 0 0 4 . Joe
since 2 0 0 4 .
(work)
5 I am still doing my homework. I
yet.
(finish)
6 M a t t has known his best friend, Ahmed, for two years. M a t t first
two years ago.
(meet)
7 Adam and Sam have both got flu. It started a week ago. Adam and Sam
a week,
(have)
8 Julia was first interested in music when she was five years old. Julia
34
since she was five, (be)
Unit 20
I have done and I did
Put the verbs in the present perfect or the past simple. 'Here is the Six o'clock News from I T C , on Monday the 2 5 t h of April. Our reporter in Nepal (l)
te^hW&b.
(telephone) us ten minutes ago and (2)
s.oA.
(say)
that J u n k o Shimoto and her partner, Miki Sato, are on top of the world today. They (3)
(reach) the top of M o u n t Everest half an hour ago. Our reporter spoke to
another climber on the expedition.
REPORTER:
Are J u n k o and Miki still on the top of M o u n t Everest?
CLIMBER:
N o , they (4)
(just start) their return journey.
REPORTER:
H o w long (5)
CLIMBER:
About ten minutes. They (6)
they
(spend) up there?
REPORTER:
A r e t h e y in g o o d h e a l t h ?
CLIMBER:
Well, they're both tired, but they're fine.
(take) some photos of each other.
The President of Volponia, M a d a m e Fernoff, (7) Madame Fernoff (8)
(arrive) in Britain last night.
(be) President since 2 0 0 1 . She said she was happy to be in
Britain. At yesterday's meeting of European finance ministers, J a c k Delaney, the Irish Finance Minister, (9)
( s a y ) , 'I a m g o i n g t o l e a v e m y j o b s o o n . I (10)
(work) very
hard, and I want to spend more time with my family.' M r Delaney (11)
(be)
Irish Finance Minister for five years. Last night, Camford United (12) t e a m (13)
(win) the football league championship. T h e
( w i n ) t h e c h a m p i o n s h i p f o u r t i m e s n o w - t h e first t i m e
(14 )
(be) in 1 9 8 6 . In their final game yesterday, Bryan Riggs
(15 )
(score) the winning goal. Riggs (16)
since he (17)
(be) with the team
(leave) s c h o o l .
And now to the weather. We (18 )
(have) a lot of rain
over the country since the beginning of the week and unfortunately this will continue until the end of the weekend. For your information, last week (19 )
(be) t h e w e t t e s t
April week for 1 0 0 years. And that's the end of tonight's news.'
35
Unit 20
I have done and I did
Put the verbs in the present perfect or the past simple. 1 CLARE:
2
Hctye
y o u
seen.
MARCUS:
N o , why?
CLARE:
He
MARCUS:
Really? When
CLARE:
Yesterday.
ADAM:
Oh no! I
TONY:
When
ADAM:
This morning when I
broken
John?
his l e g .
(see)
(break)
he
that?
(do)
my wallet.
I can't find it. (lose)
3 MARY:
you last
it? (see the house,
Alan's going to sell his car.
SIMON:
Really? He only
MARY:
I know. He just loves changing cars.
SIMON:
H o w many cars
MARY:
At least 2 0 .
4 BEN: VAL:
(leave)
it last month, he
in his life?
(buy) (have)
Can I look at the newspaper, please? In a minute. I
with it yet.
(not / finish) BEN:
You're very slow. You it this morning after breakfast,
5 JULIA:
There was a good programme on T V last night about elephants
SARAH:
you
Yes, it was wonderful
JULIA:
Yes, and I
SARAH:
When
36
(see) one. (also touch) that?
(be)
Two years ago when I on holiday in Kenya,
6 PATRICK:
it? (see) you ever
a L I V E elephant?
JULIA:
(start)
(be)
Connie looks really fed up. What's the matter?
DAN:
She
PATRICK:
Again! H o w many times
DAN:
I think about four.
her car again, she
(crash) that?
(do)
Units 25-28
I do 11 have done / I did (present, present perfect and past) Complete the questions. MARCO:
(l)
Wb.d^'s
your job?
PETE:
I'm an engineer with National Telephones.
MARCO:
How long (2)
for that company?
PETE:
About nine months.
MARCO:
(3)
PETE:
N o t really. I p r e f e r r e d m y o l d j o b .
MARCO:
What (4)
PETE:
I was a gardener.
TOM:
Why (5)
RUTH:
Because you've got a bit of tomato on your face.
TOM:
Where (6)
RUTH:
On the right of your nose.
TOM:
(7)
RUTH:
It's still there.
it?
that?
at me?
it? o r is it still t h e r e ?
Complete the letter. Use present, present perfect and past forms.
37
Units 3-20
I do 11 have done /1 did
W r i t e Jo's reply. Use the words to write complete sentences.
Dear Chris 1 Thanks yOU for your letter. Yes, I t enjoy f the time you I spend / with me very much. Vie I have I some good fun.
2. You
1
leave / a big box of chocolates for my parents. Thank, you. Vie ' just ' finish
1
them - they > be
delicious.
3
And thank^ you also for the CDs. They I arrive I yesterday. I moment I ' listen
4
1
1
not I play / all of them yet. A t the
to ' Paradise RockJ. I t f be / very good.
My mother f find I your photo album the day you
1
leave.
1 I send
1
it back, two weeks ago.
yOu
1
receive / it yet?
5
Do you remember Steve? VJe ask.
1
for your address, so 1
1
1
meet ! him at Sue s party. Well, he I come / to my house last weel^. We
give
1
1
it to him. I hope that s OK^. He / be ' in California nOvo On business.
(o I / look. / out of the window at the moment. The sun it / be ! sunny every day since you f go back,
1
1
shine / and it
1
be ! a beautiful warm day. In f a c t ,
to San Francisco. Honestly!
7 The CD / just I finish. Tell yOur brother I love his music, he / want f a publicity agent in London?
T h a t s all for now. L o t s of love, Jo
NSa
Last week you stayed with a friend for a few days, but now you're home again. W r i t e a 'thank you' letter to your friend. Use the following ideas and the letter from Chris to J o to help you. • T h a n k your friend. • Write about the journey home. • Write about the things you enjoyed when you were with your friend. • You are sending a present - tell him/her about it. • Write about what you're doing now. • Ask your friend to write to you.
38
Units 25-28
is done / was done and is being done / has been done (passive) Complete the crossword with the past participles. Down
Across
1 choose
5 read
2 write
6 buy
3 make
8 grow
4 find
9 speak
7 think
10 forget
10 feel
12 hold
11 shoot
13 take 14 build
Use some of the past participles from the crossword to write questions. For questions 1-4, use the present passive; for questions 5-9, use the past passive. W h a t are the right answers? You can check at the bottom of the page. 1 In which continent / tigers / find? In i ?
A Africa
B Asia
A about
B about
2 How many languages / speak / in the world? ? 3 Where / coffee / grow?
500
5,000
?
A Kenya
B France
?
A China
B Thailand
?
A in the
B in the
1590s
1740s
4 What / the country of Siam / now call? 5 When / 'Romeo and Juliet' / write? M l & K L . ^ 6 When / first photograph / take? ?
A 1827
B 1893
?
A China
B the Netherlands
?
A 1631
B 1931
?
A New York
7 Where / CDs / first make? 8 W h e n / T a j Mahal / build? 9 Where / John Lennon / shoot? B Liverpool
39
is done / was done and is being done / has been doneUnits21-22
Look at the picture of Hartson's jam factory. A visitor is being shown around the factory by the manager. Complete what he says. Use the present simple or present continuous passive. ^
T h e machines (l) morning and they (2)
(switch on) at 7 . 3 0 every .^....^med. off
f a c t o r y (3)
(turn
Q
ff) at 5 . 3 0 . T h e
( l o c k ) a t 6 . 3 0 by o u r s e c u r i t y
g u a r d s a n d all t h e s t a f f (4)
(check)
before they go home. We don't want our jam to disappear! N o w a s y o u c a n see, s t r a w b e r r y j a m (5)
(make) here today. And over there the jars of jam (6)
(put) into boxes by our team.
Hartson's jam (7)
(not/export) because
this country buys everything we produce. It's very important to keep our factory clean and hygienic, so everything (8)
(wash) very carefully every night.
O f course nobody (9)
(allow) to smoke
anywhere in the factory. N o w I think lunch (10)
( s e r v e ) in t h e c a n t e e n a t t h e
moment, so shall we go?
Look at the pictures. W h a t has been done and what hasn't been done since 4.30? Write sentences.
what has been done TVie .flowers H
