Evaluation of In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Leaves

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Oct 31, 2018 - Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, Trichloro Acetic Acid, Sodium. Sulphate ... Aqueous and ethanolic extract were prepared from the leaf, stem of Ventilago maderspatana. ... 0.6 M sulphuric acid, 28 mM sodium sulphate and 4 mM ... peroxide solution was dissolved in 100 ml phosphate buffer. c. ... 35.43 ά 0.40. Ǧ.
  

Evaluation of In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Leaves and Stem Extracts of Ventilago maderspatana Gaertn Upendra B Gandagule1, B Duraiswamy2, Mayur R Bhurat1*, Sanjay A Nagdev1, Lokesh Gupta2, Ashish Zalke2 Abstract: In-vitro ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– •–—†‹‡• ™‡”‡ …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– „› •–ƒ†ƒ”† ‡–Š‘†• ‘ Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† •–‡ ‡š–”ƒ…–• ‘ˆ Ventilago maderspatana ƒ‡”– „‡Ž‘‰‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž› Šƒƒ…‡ƒ‡Ǥ – ‹• ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ƒ† ™‡ŽŽ ‘™ ’Žƒ– ‹ –Š‡ †‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‘ˆ ‡†‹…‹‡Ǥ ‡ƒˆ ƒ† •–‡ •ƒ’Ž‡• ‘ˆ V. maderspatana ™‡”‡ •—„Œ‡…–‡† –‘ ƒ…‡”ƒ–‹‘ „› —•‹‰ †‹•–‹ŽŽ‡† ™ƒ–‡” ƒ† ‡–Šƒ‘ŽǤ “—‡‘—• ƒ† ‡–Šƒ‘Ž‹… ‡š–”ƒ…– ™‡”‡ ’”‡’ƒ”‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ Ž‡ƒˆǡ •–‡ ‘ˆ Ventilago maderspatana. –Šƒ‘Ž‹… ‡š–”ƒ…– ‘ˆ Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† •–‡•Š‘™‡†–Š‡’‘–‡–ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ–ƒ…–‹˜‹–›‹…‘’ƒ”‹•‘™‹–Š’”‡’ƒ”‡†‡š–”ƒ…–•Ǥ

‹‡–Š›Ž ‹Ž‹‡‡–…Ǥ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ …Š‡‹…ƒŽ ™‡”‡ ’”‘…—”‡† ˆ”‘ •‹‰ƒŽ†”‹…Šȋ ‡”ƒ›ȌǤ

INTRODUCTION V. maderspatana ȋŠƒƒ…‡ƒ‡Ȍ‹•…‘‘Ž›‘™ƒ•‡† …”‡‡’‡”‹‰Ž‹•Šǡƒ–ƒ˜ƒŽŽ‹‹ƒ•”‹–ƒ†’‹––‹‹ ‹†‹Ǥ ȏͳȐ – ‹• …Ž‹„‹‰ •Š”—„ ƒ† ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† „› ‹– †ƒ” ‰”‡› „ƒ” „”ƒ…Š Ž‡–• ™‹–Š „”‘™‹•Š ’—„‡•…‡–Ǥ – ˆŽ‘™‡”• ‹ ™‹–‡” ™‹–Š ƒ ‘ˆˆ‡•‹˜‡ ‘†‘—”Ǥ ȏʹǡ ͵Ȑ – ‹• ˆ‘—† ‹ †‘‡•‹ƒǡ ƒŽƒ›•‹ƒǡ”‹ƒƒǡŠ—–ƒƒ†–Š”‘—‰Š‘—– †‹ƒǤ ȏͶǡ ͷȐŠ‡ ’‘™†‡”‡† ”‘‘– „ƒ” ‹• …ƒ”‹ƒ–‹˜‡ǡ •–‘ƒ…Š‹…ǡ –‘‹… ƒ† •–‹—Žƒ–Ǣ —•‡ˆ—Ž ‹ ƒ–‘‹… †›•’‡’•‹ƒǡ †‡„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† •Ž‹‰Š– …ƒ•‡•‘ˆˆ‡˜‡”ǤŠ‡’‘™†‡”‡†„ƒ”ȋ‹š‡†™‹–Š‰‹‰‡ŽŽ›‘‹ŽȌ ‹• —•‡† ‹ ‘—–Š †‹ƒ ƒ• ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ƒ’’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” ‹–…Š ƒ† ‘–Š‡”•‹†‹•‡ƒ•‡•Ǥȏ͸ȐŠ‡”‘‘–„ƒ”‹•ƒ˜ƒŽ—ƒ„Ž‡•‘—”…‡‘ˆ ”‡††‹•Š †›‡ ȋ‡–‹Žƒ‰‹Ȍǡ —•‡† ˆ‘” …‘Ž‘—”‹‰ ‘”†ƒ–‡† …‘––‘ǡ™‘‘Žƒ†tasar •‹Ž …‘„‹ƒ–‹‘™‹–Š–Š‡”‘‘–‘ˆ Hedyotis umbellate, –Š‡ ”‘‘– „ƒ” ›‹‡Ž†• ƒ „‡ƒ—–‹ˆ—Ž …Š‘…‘Žƒ–‡ …‘Ž‘—”Ǥ Š‡ „ƒ” ƒŽ•‘ ›‹‡Ž†• ˆ‹„”‡•ǡ —•‡† ˆ‘” …‘”†ƒ‰‡Ǥ Š‡ ’ƒŽ‡ ›‡ŽŽ‘™ ™‘‘† ƒ› „‡ —•‡† ƒ• ˆ—‡ŽǤ Š‡ Ž‘‰ …Ž‹„‹‰ •–‡• ƒ”‡ •‘‡–‹‡• —•‡† „› ˆ‹•Š‡”‡ ƒ• •—„•–‹–—–‡ˆ‘””‘’‡•ǤŠ‡‡‡†•ƒ”‡‡ƒ–‡™Š‡…‘‘‡†ƒ† –Š‡ ‘‹Ž ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹• —•‡† ˆ‘” …‘‘‹‰Ǥ ȏͶȐ ‹˜‡ ‹•‘ˆ—”ƒ‘ƒ’Š–Š‘“—‹‘‡• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ‹•‘Žƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ”‘‘– „ƒ”Ǥ ȏ͹Ȑ ™‘ ‡™ ƒ’Š–ŠƒŽ‡‡ †‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡• ƒ† –Š”‡‡ ƒ’Š–Š‘“—‹‘‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡”‘‘–„ƒ”Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‹•‘Žƒ–‡†Ǥ ȏͺȐ –‹„ƒ…–‡”‹ƒŽǡ ‹–”‹… ‘š‹†‡ in-vitro ƒ† ex-vivo •…ƒ˜‡‰‹‰ǡ ƒ–‹Ǧ†‡ƒ–—”ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘’‡”–› ƒ† ƒ–‹Ǧ‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ •–‡Ǧ„ƒ” ‘ˆ V. maderspatana ™ƒ• ”‡’‘”–‡†Ǥ ȏͻǡ ͳͲǡ ͳͳȐ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ƒ ’Šƒ”ƒ…‘‰‘•–‹… •–—†› ‘ Ž‡ƒˆ ‘ˆ V. maderspatana ™ƒ• ”‡’‘”–‡†Ǥ ȏͳʹȐ Šƒ”ƒ…‘‰‘•–‹… •–—†‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† •–‡ ‘ˆ Ventilago maderspatana ƒ‡”–Ǥ ȏͳ͵Ȑ Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‘ Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡• •—’’‘”–‹‰ ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ’”‘’‡”–‹‡• ‘ Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† •–‡ ‡š–”ƒ…– ‘ˆ Ventilago maderspatana ƒ‡”–Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡– •–—†› ™ƒ• …ƒ””‹‡†‘—––‘‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ–ƒ…–‹˜‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡’Žƒ–Ǥ

Plant Material Š‡ Žƒ– V. maderspatana ȋ–‡ ƒ† ‡ƒ˜‡• •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡Ž›Ȍ ™ƒ• …‘ŽŽ‡…–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ‘–Š ‘ˆ —Ž› ˆ”‘ ‹”—’ƒ–‹ †‹•–”‹…–ǡ †Š”ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Šǡ †‹ƒǤ Š‡ Žƒ– V. maderspatana ™ƒ• ƒ—–Š‡–‹…ƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ „‘–ƒ‹•–ǡ ”Ǥ Ǥ ƒŠƒ†ƒ˜ƒ…Š‡––›ǡ ••‹•–ƒ– ”‘ˆ‡••‘”ǡ ‡’ƒ”–‡– ‘ˆ ‘–ƒ›ǡ ”‹ ‡ƒ–‡•™ƒ”ƒ ‹˜‡”•‹–›ǡ ‹”—’ƒ–‹Ǥ †Š”ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Šǡ †‹ƒǤ Š‡’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ™ƒ••—„Œ‡…–‡†ˆ‘”‰ƒ”„Ž‹‰ƒ†…Ž‡ƒ‹‰ ’”‘…‡••‹‰–‘‡•—”‡–Š‡’Žƒ–“—ƒŽ‹–›ǤȏͳͶȐ Extraction of Selected Plant Material Š‡ †”‹‡† ’ƒ”–• ™‡”‡ ‰”‘—† ‹–‘ …‘ƒ”•‡’‘™†‡” ™‹–Š–Š‡ Š‡Ž’ ‘ˆ ƒ ‰”‹†‡” ƒ† ’ƒ••‡† –Š”‘—‰Š •‹‡˜‡ •‹œ‡ ‡•Š ͸ͲǤ Š‡ …‘ƒ”•‡ ’‘™†‡”‡† ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’Žƒ– ’ƒ”–• ™‡”‡ •—„Œ‡…–‡†–‘–Š‡…‘Ž†ƒ…‡”ƒ–‹‘ǤͷͲͲ‰‘ˆŽ‡ƒˆƒ†•–‡ ‘ˆ V. maderaspatana ™ƒ• ‡š–”ƒ…–‡† „› …‘Ž† ƒ…‡”ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡•• ‹ ͵ Ž‹–‡” ”‘—† „‘––‘ˆŽƒ••Ǥ ‘” ‡š–”ƒ…–‹‘ǡ –™‘ •‘Ž˜‡–•™‡”‡—•‡†ǡ‡–Šƒ‘Žƒ††‹•–‹ŽŽ‡†™ƒ–‡”ǤŠ‡ƒ–—”‡ ƒ†›‹‡Ž†‘ˆ–Š‡‡š–”ƒ…–•™‡”‡‘–‡†Ǥ™‘‡š–”ƒ…–•‡ƒ…Š‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’ƒ”–•‘ˆ’Žƒ–ǡ™‡”‡•–‘”‡†‹ƒ”‡ˆ”‹‰‡”ƒ–‘”ƒ–Ͷι —–‹Ž ˆ—”–Š‡” —•‡† ƒ† –Š‡ ‡š–”ƒ…–• ™‡”‡ Žƒ„‡Ž‡† ƒ• V. maderspatana Ž‡ƒˆ ‡–Šƒ‘Ž‹… ȋȌǡ V. maderspatana Ž‡ƒˆ ƒ“—‡‘—• ȋȌǡ V. maderspatana •–‡‡–Šƒ‘Ž‹… ȋȌǡ V. maderspatana •–‡ ƒ“—‡‘—• ȋȌǡ ”‡•’‡…–‹˜‡Ž›ǡ ˆ‘” –Š‡’—”’‘•‡‘ˆ…‘˜‡‹‡–‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘Ǥ In-Vitro Antioxidant Studies 1. Lipid per Oxidation (LPO) Assay ȏͳͷȐ a. Principle ‘Ž› —•ƒ–—”ƒ–‡† ˆƒ––› ƒ…‹†• ȋ Ȍ ’”‡•‡– ‹ …‡ŽŽ ‡„”ƒ‡• ƒ”‡ ‘š‹†‹œ‡† „› „‘–Š ‡œ›ƒ–‹… ƒ† ƒ—–‘Ǧ ‘š‹†ƒ–‹˜‡’‡”‘š‹†ƒ–‹‘ƒ† „› ˆ”‡‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ …Šƒ‹ ”‡ƒ…–‹‘•Ǥ ‹’‹† ’‡”‘š‹†ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡‡†• ‹ –Š”‡‡ •–ƒ‰‡•ǣ ‹‹–‹ƒ–‹‘ǡ ’”‘’ƒ‰ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –‡”‹ƒ–‹‘Ǥ  –Š‡ ‹‹–‹ƒŽ •–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ǡ ˆ”‡‡”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•‘„•–”—…–Š›†”‘‰‡ˆ”‘ –‘ˆ‘”–Š‡Ž‹’‹† ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽǤ  –Š‡ ’”‘’ƒ‰ƒ–‹‘ •–ƒ‰‡ǡ –Š‡ Ž‹’‹† ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ „”‡ƒ• †‘™–‘‰‡‡”ƒ–‡‘”‡ˆ”‡‡”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•ǡ–Š—•ƒ‹–ƒ‹‹‰–Š‡ …Šƒ‹ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ…–‹‘•Ǥ  –‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ •–ƒ‰‡ǡ –Š‡ ˆ”‡‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ •’‡…‹‡• ”‡ƒ…– –‘‰‡–Š‡” ‘” ™‹–Š ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ–• –‘ ˆ‘” ‹‡”– ’”‘†—…–•Ǥ ͷͲ ‹Š‹„‹–‘”› …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ȋ ͷͲȌ ‹• –Š‡ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ ”‡“—‹”‡† –‘ •…ƒ˜‡‰‡ ͷͲΨ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•Ǥ Š‹„‹–‘”› ‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• …ƒŽ…—Žƒ–‡† „› —•‹‰ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ˆ‘”—Žƒǣ

MATERIALS AND METHODS ‰‰‡…‹–Š‹ǡ•…‘”„‹……‹†ǡ ‡””‹…ŠŽ‘”‹†‡ǡŠ‹‘Ǧƒ”„‹–—”‹… …‹†ǡ ›†”‘…ŠŽ‘”‹… …‹†ǡ ”‹…ŠŽ‘”‘ …‡–‹… …‹†ǡ ‘†‹— —Ž’Šƒ–‡ǡ—Ž’Š—”‹……‹†ǡ‘‹—‘Ž›„†ƒ–‡ǡ†‹•‘†‹— ǡ ›†”‘‰‡‡”‘š‹†‡ǡ‹‡–Š›Ž—Ž’Š‘š‹†‡ǡ’Ǧ‹–”‘•‘

ǯ• ‘ŽŽ‡‰‡ ‘ˆ Šƒ”ƒ…›ǡ ƒ‡‰ƒ‘ǡ ƒŽǤ Š—•ƒ™ƒŽǡ ‹•–Ǥ ƒŽ‰ƒ‘Ǧ ͶʹͷʹͲͳǡƒŠƒ”ƒ•Š–”ƒǡ †‹ƒǤ Ǧƒ‹Žǣ„Š—”ƒ–ƒ›—”̷‰ƒ‹ŽǤ…‘ ȗ‘””‡•’‘†‹‰ƒ—–Š‘”  ʹ ‘ŽŽ‡‰‡‘ˆŠƒ”ƒ…›ǡƒ˜‹•†ƒŽ‡ǡ‘–›Ǧ͸Ͷ͵ͲͲͳǡƒ‹Žƒ†—ǡ †‹ƒǤ ͳ

˜‡–‹ƒ’‹†ǣ–Š‘’Šƒ”ƒ…‘Ž‘‰›‘ŽǤʹͲͳͻǡ ••—‡ͳ ȏ Ͳͻ͹͸Ǧ͵ͺͲͷȐ

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ʹͲͳͻ’‡’ʹ͹ͳͷ͵̹ ˜‡–‹ ‘—”ƒŽ•ȋȌ–† —„Ž‹•Š‡†‘‡„͵ͳȀͳͲȀʹͲͳͺǡ™™™Ǥ‹˜‡–‹Ǥ‹

  

Ψ‘ˆ‹Š‹„‹–‹‘ ൌ 

‘–”‘ŽȂ ƒ’Ž‡  ൈ ͳͲͲ ‘–”‘Ž

b. Chemicals and Reagents ’ǦǣͲǤͻͲͳ‰‘ˆ’Ǧ™ƒ•†‹••‘Ž˜‡†‹ͳͲͲŽ‘ˆǡ ‡””‹… …ŠŽ‘”‹†‡ǣ ͻǤ͹͵ ‰ ‘ˆ ˆ‡””‹… …ŠŽ‘”‹†‡ ™ƒ• †‹Ž—–‡† ‹ ͳͲͲŽ‘ˆ’Š‘•’Šƒ–‡„—ˆˆ‡”ǡ‹•‘†‹—ǣ ʹʹǤ͵ ‰ ‘ˆ †‹•‘†‹—  ™ƒ• †‹••‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ͳͲͲ Ž ’Š‘•’Šƒ–‡„—ˆˆ‡”ǡ•…‘”„‹…ƒ…‹†ǣ ͳͲǤͷ ‰ ‘ˆ ƒ•…‘”„‹… ƒ…‹† ™ƒ• †‹••‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ͳͲͲ Ž ’Š‘•’Šƒ–‡„—ˆˆ‡”ǡ ›†”‘‰‡’‡”‘š‹†‡ǣͲǤͳ͵͸Ž‘ˆŠ›†”‘‰‡ ’‡”‘š‹†‡•‘Ž—–‹‘™ƒ•†‹••‘Ž˜‡†‹ͳͲͲŽ’Š‘•’Šƒ–‡„—ˆˆ‡”Ǥ

b. Chemicals and Reagents ŽŽ ”‡ƒ‰‡–• ƒ† …Š‡‹…ƒŽ• —•‡† †—”‹‰ –Š‡ •–—†› ™‡”‡ ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽ‰”ƒ†‡Ǥ ‰‰ Ž‡…‹–Š‹ ȋ͵ ‰ȀŽȌǡ Š‘•’Šƒ–‡ „—ˆˆ‡” •ƒŽ‹‡ ’  ͹ǤͶ ȋȌǡ ʹͲͲ  ƒ•…‘”„‹… ƒ…‹†ǡ ͶͲͲ  ˆ‡””‹… …ŠŽ‘”‹†‡ ȋ ‡Ž͵Ȍǡ ͳͷΨ ™Ȁ˜ –”‹…ŠŽ‘”‘ ƒ…‡–‹… ƒ…‹† ȋȌǡ ͲǤ͵͹ͷΨ ™Ȁ˜ –Š‹‘„ƒ”„‹–—”‹…ƒ…‹†ȋȌǤ

c. Preparation of Test and Standard Solution ͵Ͳ ‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡š–”ƒ…–• ƒ† –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”†ǡ ”—–‹ ™‡”‡ ƒ……—”ƒ–‡Ž› ™‡‹‰Š‡† •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡Ž› ƒ† †‹••‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ͷ Ž ‘ˆ ‹‡–Š›Ž •—Ž’Š‘š‹†‡ ȋȌǤ Š‡•‡ •‘Ž—–‹‘• ™‡”‡ •‡”‹ƒŽŽ›†‹Ž—–‡†™‹–Š–‘‘„–ƒ‹ˆ—”–Š‡”†‹Ž—–‹‘•Ǥ

c. Procedure Š‡–‡•–•ƒ’Ž‡•ȋͳͲͲρŽȌ‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘•™‡”‡ ƒ††‡† –‘ ͳ Ž ‘ˆ ‡‰‰ Ž‡…‹–Š‹ ‹š–—”‡ ƒ† –Š‡ …‘–”‘Ž™ƒ• ™‹–Š‘—– –‡•– •ƒ’Ž‡Ǥ ‹’‹† ’‡”‘š‹†ƒ–‹‘ ™ƒ• ‹†—…‡† „› ƒ††‹‰ ͳͲ ρŽ ‡Ž͵ ȋͶͲͲ Ȍ ƒ† ͳͲ ρŽ Ǧƒ•…‘”„‹… ƒ…‹†• ȋʹͲͲ ȌǤ ˆ–‡” ‹…—„ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” ͳ Š ƒ– ͵͹ιǡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ…–‹‘ ™ƒ••–‘’’‡†„›ƒ††‹‰ʹŽ‘ˆͲǤʹͷ Ž…‘–ƒ‹‹‰ͳͷΨ ƒ†ͲǤ͵͹ͷΨƒ†–Š‡”‡ƒ…–‹‘‹š–—”‡™ƒ•„‘‹Ž‡† ˆ‘” ͳͷ ‹ǡ …‘‘Ž‡†ǡ …‡–”‹ˆ—‰‡† ƒ† ƒ„•‘”„ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •—’‡”ƒ–ƒ–™ƒ•‡ƒ•—”‡†ƒ–ͷ͵ʹǤ

d. Procedure ‘ ƒ ”‡ƒ…–‹‘ ‹š–—”‡ …‘–ƒ‹‹‰ ‡Ž͵ ȋͲǤͳ ǡ ͲǤͷ ŽȌǡ ȋͲǤͳǡͲǤͷŽȌǡƒ•…‘”„‹…ƒ…‹†ȋͲǤͳǡͲǤͷŽȌǡ ʹʹ ȋʹǡͲǤͷŽȌƒ†’ǦȋͲǤͲͳǡͲǤͷŽȌ‹’Š‘•’Šƒ–‡ „—ˆˆ‡”’ ͹ǤͶȋʹͲȌ˜ƒ”‹‘—•…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ‡š–”ƒ…–•‘” •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ȋͲǤͷ ŽȌ ™‡”‡ ƒ††‡† –‘ ‰‹˜‡ƒ ˆ‹ƒŽ ˜‘Ž—‡ ‘ˆ ͵ ŽǤ ƒ’Ž‡ „Žƒ ™ƒ• ’”‡’ƒ”‡† „› ƒ††‹‰ ͲǤͷ Ž •ƒ’Ž‡ ƒ† ʹǤͷ Ž ‘ˆ ’Š‘•’Šƒ–‡ „—ˆˆ‡” ’  ͹ǤͶǤ „•‘”„ƒ…‡ ™ƒ• ‡ƒ•—”‡†ƒ–ͶͶͲǡ’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡•…ƒ˜‡‰‹‰™ƒ•…ƒŽ…—Žƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …‘–”‘Žǡ ™Š‡”‡ ‘ ‡š–”ƒ…–ǡ ‹•–‡ƒ†  ™ƒ• ’”‡•‡–Ǥ

2. Estimation of Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) ȏͳ͸ǡͳ͹Ȑ a. Chemicals and Reagents Used ͲǤ͸  •—Ž’Š—”‹… ƒ…‹†ǡ ʹͺ  •‘†‹— •—Ž’Šƒ–‡ ƒ† Ͷ  ƒ‘‹— ‘Ž›„†ƒ–‡Ǥ ŽŽ –Š‡•‡ ”‡ƒ‰‡–• ™‡”‡ ‹š‡† ȏ‘–ƒŽƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ–…ƒ’ƒ…‹–›ȋȌ”‡ƒ‰‡–Ȑƒ†—•‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡ •–—†›Ǥ

4. Nitric Oxide Radical Inhibition Activity ȏͳͻȐ a. Principle ‘†‹— ‹–”‘’”—••‹†‡ ȋȌ ‹ ƒ“—‡‘—• •‘Ž—–‹‘ ƒ– ’Š›•‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ’  •’‘–ƒ‡‘—•Ž› ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡• ‹–”‹… ‘š‹†‡ǡ ™Š‹…Š‹–‡”ƒ…–•™‹–Š‘š›‰‡–‘’”‘†—…‡‹–”‹–‡‹‘•ǡ™Š‹…Š …ƒ „‡ ‡•–‹ƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ”‹‡•• ŽŽ‘•˜‘› ”‡ƒ…–‹‘Ǥ  –Š‡ ’”‡•‡– ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘ǡ ”‹‡•• ŽŽ‘•˜‘› ”‡ƒ‰‡– ™ƒ• ‘†‹ˆ‹‡† „› —•‹‰ ƒ’Š–Š›Ž ‡–Š›Ž‡‡ †‹ƒ‹‡ †‹Š›†”‘…ŠŽ‘”‹†‡ ȋȌ ȋͲǤͳΨ ȀȌ ‹•–‡ƒ† ‘ˆ ͳǦ ƒ’Š–Š›Žƒ‹‡ ȋͷΨȌǤ …ƒ˜‡‰‡”• ‘ˆ ‹–”‹… ‘š‹†‡ …‘’‡–‡ ™‹–Š‘š›‰‡Ž‡ƒ†‹‰–‘”‡†—…‡†’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ‹–”‹…‘š‹†‡Ǥ

b. Procedure ͳͲͲ ρŽ ‘ˆ ‡š–”ƒ…– ™ƒ• †‹••‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ͳ Ž ‘ˆ  ”‡ƒ‰‡–Ǥ Žƒ ™ƒ• ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡† ™‹–Š †‹•–‹ŽŽ‡† ™ƒ–‡” ”‡’Žƒ…‹‰ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ‰‡–Ǥ„•‘”„ƒ…‡™ƒ•‘„•‡”˜‡†ƒ–͸ͻͷǤ 3. Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity by p-Nitroso Dimethyl Aniline (P-NDA) Method ȏͳͺȐ a. Principle  –Š‡ ’”‡•‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‡ʹΪǡ ʹʹ ’”‘†—…‡• –Š‡ ˜‡”› ƒ…–‹˜‡ •’‡…‹‡•Ͳ „›–Š‡ ‡–‘”‡ƒ…–‹‘Ǥ  ‡ʹΪΪ ʹʹ՜ ‡͵ΪΪͲ Ϊ Ǧ  Š‹• ‹”‘Ǧ…ƒ–ƒŽ›œ‡† †‡…‘’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ Š›†”‘‰‡ ’‡”‘š‹†‡ ‹• …‘•‹†‡”‡† –Š‡ ‘•– ’”‡˜ƒŽ‡– ”‡ƒ…–‹‘ ‹ „‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡• ƒ† –Š‡ •‘—”…‡ ‘ˆ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• †‡Ž‡–‡”‹‘—• Ž‹’‹† ’‡”‘š‹†ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘†—…–•Ǥ – —•– „‡ ‘–‹…‡† –Šƒ– ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ–’ƒ”–‘ˆŠ›†”‘š›Ž”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•‹•ƒŽ•‘’”‘†—…‡†ȋ™‹–Š ͑ʹȌ„›–Š‡†‡…ƒ›‘ˆ’‡”‘š‹‹–”‹–‡‘”’‡”‘š›‹–”‘—•ƒ…‹†Ǥ ‘–Š‡” ”‡ƒ…–‹‘ ‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰ ›‡Ž‘’‡”‘š‹†ƒ•‡ ƒ† ŽǦ ‹‘• ”‡’”‡•‡– ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ͑  ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ’”‘…‡•• ‹ ‡—–”‘’Š‹Ž• †—”‹‰ ’Šƒ‰‘…›–‘•‹•Ǥ ›†”‘š›Ž ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ •…ƒ˜‡‰‹‰ ƒ• ‡ƒ•—”‡† „› –Š‡ ‹Š‹„‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’Ǧ‹–”‘•‘ †‹‡–Š›Ž ƒ‹Ž‹‡ ȋ’ǦȌ „Ž‡ƒ…Š‹‰ǣ Š›†”‘š›Ž ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡† –Š”‘—‰Š ‡–‘ ”‡ƒ…–‹‘ …ƒ „Ž‡ƒ…Š ’Ǧ •’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›Ǥ Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ †”—‰ –‘ ”‡†—…‡ ˆ‡””‹… ‹‘ –‘ ˆ‡””‘—• ‹‘ ƒ†–Š‹•ˆ‡””‘—•‹‘…ƒ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ƒŠ›†”‘š›Ž”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ‹–Š‡ ’”‡•‡…‡ ‘ˆ Š›†”‘‰‡ ’‡”‘š‹†‡ –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‡–‘ ”‡ƒ…–‹‘Ǥ

˜‡–‹ƒ’‹†ǣ–Š‘’Šƒ”ƒ…‘Ž‘‰›‘ŽǤʹͲͳͻǡ ••—‡ͳ ȏ Ͳͻ͹͸Ǧ͵ͺͲͷȐ

b. Chemical and Reagents  ȋͲǤʹͻͻͺ ‰ ‘ˆ  ‹• †‹••‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ͳͲͲ Ž ‘ˆ †‹•–‹ŽŽ‡† ™ƒ–‡”Ȍǡ  ȋͲǤͳΨ ‘ˆ  ‹• ƒ†‡ —’ ™‹–Š ͷͲΨ ‘ˆ ‰Žƒ…‹ƒŽƒ…‡–‹…ƒ…‹†ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ…–‹‘‹š–—”‡™ƒ•Š‡ƒ–‡†—–‹Ž‹– †‹••‘Ž˜‡•Ȍǡ—Ž’Šƒ‹Ž‹…ƒ…‹†ȋͲǤ͵͵Ψ™Ȁ˜Ȍ”‡ƒ‰‡–ȋͲǤ͵͵‰ ‘ˆ•—Ž’Šƒ‹Ž‹…ƒ…‹†™ƒ•†‹••‘Ž˜‡†‹ʹͲΨ‰Žƒ…‹ƒŽƒ…‡–‹…ƒ…‹† ƒ†ƒ†‡—’–Š‡˜‘Ž—‡ͳͲͲŽǡ•‘Ž—–‹‘‹•Š‡ƒ–‡†—–‹Ž‹– †‹••‘Ž˜‡•Ȍǡ Š‘•’Šƒ–‡ „—ˆˆ‡” •ƒŽ‹‡ ȋǡ ’  ͹ǤͶȌǡ  ȋ†‹‡–Š›Ž•—Ž’Š‘š‹†‡ȌǤ c. Preparation of Standard Solution Ͷʹ ‰ ‘ˆ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ ƒ•…‘”„‹… ƒ…‹† ƒ† ”—–‹ ™‡”‡ ™‡‹‰Š‡† •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡Ž›ƒ††‹••‘Ž˜‡†‹ʹŽ‘ˆ–‘‰‡–ʹͳ‰ȀŽ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‹• •‘Ž—–‹‘ ™ƒ• •‡”‹ƒŽŽ› †‹Ž—–‡† ™‹–Š †‹‡–Š›Ž•—Žˆ‘š‹†‡–‘‰‡–Ž‘™‡”…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ d. Procedure Š‡”‡ƒ…–‹‘‹š–—”‡ȋ͸ŽȌ…‘–ƒ‹‹‰ȋͳͲǡͶŽȌǡ ȋͳŽȌƒ†ͳŽ‘ˆ‡š–”ƒ…–‹™‡”‡‹…—„ƒ–‡†ƒ–

2

ʹͲͳͻ’‡’ʹ͹ͳͷ͵̹ ˜‡–‹ ‘—”ƒŽ•ȋȌ–† —„Ž‹•Š‡†‘‡„͵ͳȀͳͲȀʹͲͳͺǡ™™™Ǥ‹˜‡–‹Ǥ‹

   Table 1: Lipid Peroxidation and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Various Extracts of V. maderaspatana S. No.

Extract/ Standard

ͳ ʹ ͵ Ͷ ͷ ͸

    •…‘”„‹…ƒ…‹†ȋ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Ȍ —–‹ȋ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Ȍ

Lipid Peroxidation IC50 Values in μg/ml ͵͹Ǥ͸͹άͲǤ͹͸ ͳ͸ͷǤͳ͹άͲǤʹͺ ͳ͵ͶǤͷ͹άͲǤʹͳ ͳͶ͹Ǥͷ͵άͲǤ͵Ͳ ʹ͹Ǥʹ͹άͲǤͳʹ ͵ͷǤͶ͵άͲǤͶͲ

Total Antioxidant Capacity mM Equivalent of Ascorbic Acid ͲǤͶʹάͲǤͲͳ ͲǤ͹͵άͲǤͲʹ ͲǤͷͺάͲǤͲʹ ͲǤͺͻάͲǤͲ͵ Ǧ Ǧ

‡•—Ž–• ƒ”‡ ‡ƒ ‘ˆ –Š”‡‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡ά ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ȗǣ ͷͲ ȋ Š‹„‹–‘”› ‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘Ȍ ‹• –Š‡ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ ”‡“—‹”‡† –‘ •…ƒ˜‡‰‡ ͷͲΨ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•Ǣ‡•—Ž–•ƒ”‡‡ƒǡȋα͵Ȍ



S. No. ͳ ʹ ͵ Ͷ ͷ ͸

Table 2: Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity of Various Extracts of V. maderaspatana  Sample (Extract/ Standard) IC50 Values*± SD# (μg/ml)  ͷͳǤʹͲάͲǤͶͲ  ͶͲʹǤ͵ͲάͲǤͶͶ  εͳͲͲͲ  εͳͲͲͲ •…‘”„‹…ƒ…‹†ȋ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Ȍ ͶʹǤͷ͵άͲǤ͸Ͷ —–‹ȋ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Ȍ ͳͳʹǤͺ͵άͲǤ͵ͷ

͓ǣ –ƒ†ƒ”† ‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘ ȋα͵Ȍ ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ȗǣ ͷͲ ȋ Š‹„‹–‘”› ‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘Ȍ ‹• –Š‡ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ ”‡“—‹”‡† –‘ •…ƒ˜‡‰‡ ͷͲΨ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•Ǣ‡•—Ž–•ƒ”‡‡ƒǡȋα͵Ȍ

 Table 3: Nitric Oxide Radical Inhibition Activity of Various Extracts of V. maderaspatana Nitric Oxide Radical Inhibition Activity  S. No. Sample (Extract/ Standard) IC50 Values*± SD# (μg/ml) ͳ  ͵ͳǤͲ͸άͲǤͳʹ ʹ  ʹͻ͵Ǥ͸͹άͲǤ͹͸ ͵  ͸ʹͲǤͻ͵άͲǤͻͲ Ͷ  ͻʹͷǤͺ͵άͲǤͺͷ ͷ •…‘”„‹…ƒ…‹†ȋ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Ȍ ʹ͹ǤͳͲάͲǤ͵͸ ͸ —–‹ȋ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Ȍ ͶͷǤͻ͹άͲǤͶͷ ͓ǣ –ƒ†ƒ”† ‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘ ȋα͵Ȍ ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ȗǣ ͷͲ ȋ Š‹„‹–‘”› ‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘Ȍ ‹• –Š‡ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ ”‡“—‹”‡† –‘ •…ƒ˜‡‰‡ ͷͲΨ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•Ǣ‡•—Ž–•ƒ”‡‡ƒǡȋα͵Ȍ

 Table 4: ABTS Radical Scavenging Activity of Various Extracts of V. maderaspatana S. No. ͳ ʹ ͵ Ͷ ͷ ͸

Sample (Extract/ Standard)     •…‘”„‹…ƒ…‹†ȋ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Ȍ —–‹ȋ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Ȍ

IC50 Values*± SD#(μg/ml) ͳǤͶ͹άͲǤͲͳ ͳͲǤ͹͸άͲǤͲ͵ ͹Ǥͺ͵άͲǤͲͶ ͳͺǤʹͻάͲǤͲ͵ ͲǤ͹ͳάͲǤͲͳ ͳǤ͵ͳάͲǤͲͳ

͓ǣ –ƒ†ƒ”† ‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘ ȋα͵Ȍ ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ȗǣ ͷͲ ȋ Š‹„‹–‘”› ‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘Ȍ ‹• –Š‡ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ ”‡“—‹”‡† –‘ •…ƒ˜‡‰‡ ͷͲΨ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•Ǣ‡•—Ž–•ƒ”‡‡ƒǡȋα͵Ȍ

 …Š”‘‘‰‡Ȍ ƒ† ‹• ”‡†—…‡† ‹ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡…‡ ‘ˆ •—…Š Š›†”‘‰‡†‘ƒ–‹‰ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ–•Ǥ

ʹͷι ˆ‘” ͳͷͲ ‹Ǥ ˆ–‡” ‹…—„ƒ–‹‘ǡ ͲǤͷ Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ…–‹‘ ‹š–—”‡ …‘–ƒ‹‹‰ ‹–”ƒ–‡ ™ƒ• ”‡‘˜‡† ƒ† ͳ Ž ‘ˆ •—Ž’Šƒ‹Ž‹…ƒ…‹†”‡ƒ‰‡–™ƒ•ƒ††‡†ǡ‹š‡†™‡ŽŽƒ†ƒŽŽ‘™‡† –‘•–ƒ†ˆ‘”ͷ‹ˆ‘”…‘’Ž‡–‹‘‘ˆ†‹ƒœ‘–‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ–Š‡ͳŽ ‘ˆ™ƒ•ƒ††‡†ǡ‹š‡†ƒ†ƒŽŽ‘™‡†–‘•–ƒ†ˆ‘”͵Ͳ‹ ‹ †‹ˆˆ—•‡† Ž‹‰Š– ƒ– ”‘‘ –‡’‡”ƒ–—”‡Ǥ Š‡ ƒ„•‘”„ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ •‘Ž—–‹‘• ™ƒ• ‡ƒ•—”‡† ƒ– ͷͶͲ  ƒ‰ƒ‹•– …‘””‡•’‘†‹‰„Žƒ•‘Ž—–‹‘Ǥ

b. Preparation of ABTS Solution ‘Ž—–‹‘ ǣ  ȋʹ  •‘Ž—–‹‘ ™ƒ• ’”‡’ƒ”‡† —•‹‰ †‹•–‹ŽŽ‡† ™ƒ–‡”Ȍǡ •‘Ž—–‹‘ ǣ ‘–ƒ••‹— ’‡” •—Žˆƒ–‡ ȋͳ͹ •‘Ž—–‹‘ ™ƒ• ’”‡’ƒ”‡† —•‹‰ †‹•–‹ŽŽ‡† ™ƒ–‡”Ȍ ͲǤ͵ Ž ‘ˆ •‘Ž—–‹‘ ™ƒ•‹š‡†™‹–ŠͷͲŽ‘ˆ•‘Ž—–‹‘ ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ…–‹‘ ‹š–—”‡™ƒ•Ž‡ˆ––‘•–ƒ†ƒ–”‘‘–‡’‡”ƒ–—”‡‘˜‡”‹‰Š–‹ †ƒ”„‡ˆ‘”‡—•‡Ǥ

5. ABTS Radical Scavenging Method ȏʹͲǡʹͳȐ a. Principle Š‡ ’”‡Ǧˆ‘”‡† ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ ‘‘Ǧ…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ʹǡ ʹǯǦƒœ‹‘„‹•Ǧ͵Ǧ ‡–Š›Ž„‡œ‘–Š‹ƒœ‘Ž‹‡Ǧ͸Ǧ•—Žˆ‘‹… ƒ…‹† ȋ Ȍ ‹• ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡† „› ‘š‹†ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ  ™‹–Š ’‘–ƒ••‹— ’‡” •—Žˆƒ–‡ ȋƒ „Ž—‡

˜‡–‹ƒ’‹†ǣ–Š‘’Šƒ”ƒ…‘Ž‘‰›‘ŽǤʹͲͳͻǡ ••—‡ͳ ȏ Ͳͻ͹͸Ǧ͵ͺͲͷȐ

c. Preparation of Test Solution ͳ͵Ǥͷ‰‘ˆ‡ƒ…Š‘ˆ–Š‡‡š–”ƒ…–•ƒ†–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†•ȋƒ•…‘”„‹… ƒ…‹† ƒ† ”—–‹Ȍ ™‡”‡ ƒ……—”ƒ–‡Ž› ™‡‹‰Š‡† •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡Ž› ƒ†

3

ʹͲͳͻ’‡’ʹ͹ͳͷ͵̹ ˜‡–‹ ‘—”ƒŽ•ȋȌ–† —„Ž‹•Š‡†‘‡„͵ͳȀͳͲȀʹͲͳͺǡ™™™Ǥ‹˜‡–‹Ǥ‹

   †‹••‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ʹ Ž ‘ˆ Ǥ Š‡•‡ •‘Ž—–‹‘• ™‡”‡ •‡”‹ƒŽŽ› †‹Ž—–‡†™‹–Š–‘‘„–ƒ‹–Š‡ˆ—”–Š‡”†‹Ž—–‹‘•Ǥ

REFERENCES ͳǤ ƒ”‹‡”  Ǥ †‹ƒ ‡†‹…‹ƒŽ ’Žƒ–•Ǥ ”‹‡– ‘‰ƒ –†Ǥǡ ƒ†”ƒ•ǡ‘ŽǤͷǡ͵ͷʹǡʹͲͲ͸Ǥ ʹǤ Ǧ ‡‡„ƒǡ‡’—„Ž‹…‘ˆ‘”‡ƒǤʹͲͳͲȏ…‹–‡†ʹͲͳͲ‘˜ʹͻȐǤ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ˆ”‘ǣ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ‰‡‡„ƒǤ‰‘Ǥ”Ȁ̴Ȁ†‡•…ʹͲǤ„‘ƒ†Ǥ ͵Ǥ ‹‡•ƒ˜ƒŽŽ‹Ǥ›—”˜‡†‹…‡†‹…‹ƒŽ’Žƒ–•ǤʹͲͳͲȏ…‹–‡†ʹͲͳͲ‘˜ ʹͻȐǤ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ˆ”‘ǣ Š––’ǣȀȀƒ›—”˜‡†‹…‡†‹…‹ƒŽ’Žƒ–•Ǥ…‘Ȁ’Žƒ–•ȀͷͷͺͻǤŠ–ŽǤ ͶǤ ‡ƒŽ–Š ‘ˆ †‹ƒǣ ƒ™ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•Ǥ ͲŽ Ǥ   ǡ  ǡ ‡™ ‡ŽŠ‹ǡͶͶʹǡʹͲͲͻǤ ͷǤ —ŽŽƒ‹ƒŠǤ…›…Ž‘’ƒ‡†‹ƒ‘ˆ‘”Ž†‡†‹…‹ƒŽŽƒ–•Ǥ‡‰‡…› —„Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘•ǡ‡™‡ŽŠ‹ǡʹͲʹ͵ǦʹͲʹͶǡʹͲͲ͸Ǥ ͸Ǥ ‹”–‹ƒ”  ǡ ƒ•—  Ǥ †‹ƒ ‡†‹…‹ƒŽ Žƒ–•ǡ ‘ŽǦͳ•–ǡ ʹ† †‹–‹‘Ǥ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘‘‹•–”‹„—–‘”•ǡ‡”Šƒ†—ǡͷͺͷǡͳͻͺ͹Ǥ ͹Ǥ ƒ—ƒ‹ƒŠǡƒ‘ ǡƒ‘ǡƒ‘ ǡ ‡ƒ–Š‡” ǡŠ‹Ž‹’

 ǡ ‘™‡  ǡ ƒ˜‹†  ǡ Š‘•‘  Ǥ •‘ˆ—”ƒ‘ƒ’Š–Š‘“—‹‘‡• ˆ”‘ V. maderspatana …”›•–ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ‡–‹Ž‘‡Ǧ…Ǥ ‡–”ƒŠ‡†”‘ǡ Ͷͳȋ͵Ȍǣ͸͵ͷǦ͸ͶʹǡͳͻͺͷǤ ͺǤ ƒ—ƒ‹ƒŠǡƒ‘ ǡƒ‘ǡƒ‘ ǡ ‡ƒ–Š‡” ǡŠ‹Ž‹’

 ǡ ‘™‡  ǡ ƒ˜‹†  ǡ Š‘•‘  Ǥ ƒ’Š–ŠƒŽ‡‡• ƒ† ƒ’Š–Šƒ‘“—‹‘‡• ˆ”‘ Ventilago •’‡…‹‡•Ǥ Š›–‘…Š‡‹•–”›ǡ ʹͶȋͺȌǣͳͺͳͳǦͳͺͳͷǡͳͻͺͷǤ ͻǤ —„ŠƒŽƒ•Š‹ ǡ „Š‹Œ‹– ǡ ƒƒ•”‹ Ǥ ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹„ƒ…–‡”‹ƒŽƒ…–‹˜‹–›‘ˆVentilago maderspatana GaertnǡRubia cordifolia LinnǤ†Lantana camara ‹ǣ •‘Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡‘†‹ ƒ† ’Š›•…‹‘ ƒ• ƒ…–‹˜‡ ƒ–‹„ƒ…–‡”‹ƒŽ ƒ‰‡–•Ǥ Š›–‘–Š‡” ‡•ǡ ͳͻǣͺͺͺǦͺͻͶǡʹͲͲͷǤ ͳͲǤ —„ŠƒŽƒ•Š‹ ǡ ƒƒ•”‹ Ǥ ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹–”‹… ‘š‹†‡ •…ƒ˜‡‰‹‰ƒ…–‹˜‹–›ǡ in-vitroƒ†ex-vivoǡ ‘ˆ•‡Ž‡…–‡†‡†‹…‹ƒŽ ’Žƒ–• –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ› —•‡† ‹ ‹ˆŽƒƒ–‘”› †‹•‡ƒ•‡•Ǥ Š›–‘–Š‡” ‡•ǡʹͲǣͺͻ͸ȂͻͲͲǡʹͲͲ͸Ǥ ͳͳǤ —‰ƒƒ–Šǡ—ƒ”ǡ—ƒƒǡ ƒ›ƒ˜‡‡”ƒǤ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ–‹Ǧ†‡ƒ–—”ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘’‡”–› ƒ† ƒ–‹Ǧ‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›—•‡†‡†‹…‹ƒŽ’Žƒ–•Ǥ – Šƒ”‹‘…‹ǡͳȋʹȌǣͳǦ ͹ǡʹͲͳͲǤ ͳʹǤ ›‡†ƒǡƒ†Š›ƒǡ‹‘†ǡƒ˜‹†ǡƒ‘ǡƒ”‡†‡” ǡ‡ƒǤŠƒ”ƒ…‘‰‘•–‹…•–—†‹‡•‘–Š‡Ž‡ƒˆ‘ˆVentilago maderspatana ƒ‡”–Ǥ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘—”ƒŽ‘ˆŠƒ”ƒ…‡—–‹…ƒŽ ƒ†Ž‹‹…ƒŽ ‡•‡ƒ”…ŠǡʹȋͳȌǣͷͳǦͷ͵ǡʹͲͳͲǤ ͳ͵Ǥ ƒ†ƒ‰—Ž‡ǡ—”ƒ‹•™ƒ›ǤŠƒ”ƒ…‘‰‘•–‹…•–—†‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† •–‡ ‘ˆ Ventilago maderspatana ƒ‡”–Ǥ ˜‡–‹ ƒ’‹†ǣŽƒ–ƒ…–‹˜ƒǡʹͲͳͺȋͶȌǣͳǦ͹ǡʹͲͳͺǤ ͳͶǤ Šƒ—†Šƒ”›  Ǥ ‡”„ƒŽ ”—‰ †—•–”›, ͳ•– †‹–‹‘Ǥ ƒ•–‡” —„Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘ǡ‡™‡ŽŠ‹ǡ͵͹͵Ǧ͵͹ͷǡͶ͹͵ǡͳͻͻ͸Ǥ ͳͷǤ ‘”‡Ž ǡ ‹ŽŽƒ”† ǡ ‹ŽŽƒ”† Ǥ –‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ ˆŽƒ˜‘‘‹†• ƒ† ”‡ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ™‹–Š ’‡”‘š›Ǧ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•Ǥ Š›–‘…Š‡‹•–”›ǡ ͳͻͺͷǢ ʹͷǣ͵ͺ͵ǦͺͷǤ ͳ͸Ǥ —Šǡ‡  ǡ ‡ ǡŠƒ‰Ǥ–‹‘š‹†ƒ–‡ˆˆ‡…–•‘ˆ ™ƒ–‡”‡š–”ƒ…–•ˆ”‘„ƒ”Ž‡›ȋHordeum vulgareȌ’”‡’ƒ”‡†—†‡” †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ”‘ƒ•–‹‰ –‡’‡”ƒ–—”‡•Ǥ  ‰”‹ ‘‘† Š‡ǡ ͶͻǣͳͶͷͷǦ ͳͶ͸͵ǡʹͲͲͳǤ ͳ͹Ǥ ƒ…Š‡œ Ǥ ‡–Š‘†• —•‡† –‘ ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ”‡‡ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ •…ƒ˜‡‰‹‰ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‹ ˆ‘‘†• ƒ† „‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡•Ǥ ‘‘† …‹‡…‡‡…Š‘Ž‘‰› –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽǡͺǣͳʹͳǦͳ͵͹ǡʹͲͲʹǤ ͳͺǤ ‘‘  ǡ ƒƒ Ǥ Žƒ˜‘‘‹†•ǦŠ‡‹•–”›ǡ ‡–ƒ„‘Ž‹•ǡ …ƒ”†‹‘’”‘–‡…–‹˜‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…–• ƒ† †‹‡–ƒ”› •‘—”…‡•Ǥ —–”‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‹‘…Š‡‹•–”›ǡ͹ǣ͸͸Ǧ͹͸ǡͳͻͻ͸Ǥ ͳͻǤ ƒ””ƒ–  Ǥ Š‡ “—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ †”—‰•Ǥ Šƒ’ƒ ƒ† ƒŽŽǡ‘†‘ǡ͵ǣͶͷ͸Ǧͷͺǡͳͻ͸ͶǤ ʹͲǤ Ž‹œƒ„‡–Šǡƒ‘Ǥš›‰‡”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ•…ƒ˜‡‰‹‰ƒ…–‹˜‹–›‘ˆ …—”…—‹Ǥ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘—”ƒŽ ‘ˆ Šƒ”ƒ…‡—–‹…•ǡ ͷͺǣʹ͵͹Ǧ ʹͶͲǡͳͻͻͲǤ ʹͳǤ —††ƒ  ǡ ƒ›ƒ’”ƒƒ•Šƒǡ ƒ‘  Ǥ –‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ ˆŽƒ˜‹†‹ ‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‹Ǧ˜‹–”‘ ‘†‡Ž •›•–‡Ǥ ‹‘ ”‰ƒ‹… ƒ† ‡†‹…‹ƒŽŠ‡‹•–”›ǡͳʹǣͷͳͶͳǦͷͳͶ͸ǡʹͲͲͶ

d. Procedure ‘ ͲǤʹ Ž ‘ˆ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡š–”ƒ…– ‘” •–ƒ†ƒ”†•ǡͳŽ‘ˆƒ†ͲǤͳ͸Ž‘ˆ•‘Ž—–‹‘™‡”‡ ƒ††‡† –‘ ƒ‡ ƒ ˆ‹ƒŽ ˜‘Ž—‡ ‘ˆ ͳǤ͵͸ ŽǤ „•‘”„ƒ…‡ ™ƒ• ‡ƒ•—”‡†•’‡…–”‘’Š‘–‘‡–”‹…ƒŽŽ›ǡƒˆ–‡”ʹͲ‹ƒ–͹͵ͶǤ Žƒ ™ƒ• ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡† ™‹–Š‘—– Ǥ ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‘„–ƒ‹‡† ™ƒ•–Š‡…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒ’Ž‡”‡“—‹”‡†–‘‹Š‹„‹–ͷͲ Ψ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ‘‘…ƒ–‹‘Ǥ RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Lipid Per-oxidation of Various Extracts of V. maderaspatana ‘‰–Š‡ˆ‘—”‡š–”ƒ…–•–‡•–‡†–Š‡ƒŽ…‘Š‘Ž‹…Ž‡ƒˆ‡š–”ƒ…–‘ˆ V. maderaspatana •Š‘™‡†’‘–‡– ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ™‹–Š ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‘ˆ ͵͹Ǥ͸͹άͲǤ͹͸ ρ‰ȀŽǤ –Š‡” –Š”‡‡ ‡š–”ƒ…–• •Š‘™‡†ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ–ƒ…–‹˜‹–›‹–Š‡”ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘ͳ͵ͶǤͷ͹άͲǤʹͳ ρ‰ȀŽ –‘ ͳ͸ͷǤͳ͹άͲǤʹͺ ρ‰ȀŽǤ Š‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ‘ˆ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ”‡ ‰‹˜‡‹ƒ„Ž‡ͳǤ Total Antioxidant Capacity of Various Extracts of V. maderaspatana ‘‰–Š‡ˆ‘—”‡š–”ƒ…–•–‡•–‡†–Š‡ƒŽ…‘Š‘Ž‹…Ž‡ƒˆ‡š–”ƒ…–‘ˆ V. maderaspatana •Š‘™‡†’‘–‡– ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ™‹–Š ͲǤͶʹάͲǤͲͳ‡“—‹˜ƒŽ‡––‘–Š‡ƒ•…‘”„‹…ƒ…‹†Ǥ–Š‡”–Š”‡‡ ‡š–”ƒ…–• •Š‘™‡† ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ‰‡ ˆ”‘ ͲǤͷͺάͲǤͲʹ–‘ͲǤͺͻάͲǤͲ͵‡“—‹˜ƒŽ‡––‘–Š‡ƒ•…‘”„‹… ƒ…‹†ǤŠ‡†‡–ƒ‹Ž•‘ˆ”‡•—Ž–•ƒ”‡‰‹˜‡‹ƒ„Ž‡ͳǤ Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity by p-NDA (pNitroso Dimethyl Aniline) Method ‘‰–Š‡ˆ‘—”‡š–”ƒ…–•–‡•–‡†–Š‡ƒŽ…‘Š‘Ž‹…Ž‡ƒˆ‡š–”ƒ…–‘ˆ V. maderaspatana Šƒ• •Š‘™‡† ’‘–‡– ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ™‹–Š ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‘ˆ ͷͳǤʹͲάͲǤͶͲ ρ‰ȀŽǤ Š‡ ‘–Š‡” –Š”‡‡ ‡š–”ƒ…–• •Š‘™‡† ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ͶͲʹǤ͵ͲάͲǤͶͶ ρ‰ȀŽ –‘ ᦫͳͲͲͲ ρ‰ȀŽǤ Š‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ‘ˆ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ”‡‰‹˜‡‹ƒ„Ž‡ʹǤ Nitric Oxide Radical Inhibition Activity ‘‰–Š‡ˆ‘—”‡š–”ƒ…–•–‡•–‡†–Š‡ƒŽ…‘Š‘Ž‹…Ž‡ƒˆ‡š–”ƒ…–‘ˆ V. maderaspatana •Š‘™‡†’‘–‡– ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ™‹–Š ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‘ˆ ͵ͳǤͲ͸άͲǤͳʹ ρ‰ȀŽǤ Š‡ ‘–Š‡” –Š”‡‡ ‡š–”ƒ…–• •Š‘™‡† ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ʹͻ͵Ǥ͸͹άͲǤ͹͸ ρ‰ȀŽ –‘ ͻʹͷǤͺ͵άͲǤͺͷ ρ‰ȀŽǤ Š‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ‘ˆ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ”‡ ‰‹˜‡‹ƒ„Ž‡͵Ǥ ABTS Radical Scavenging Method ‘‰–Š‡ˆ‘—”‡š–”ƒ…–•–‡•–‡†–Š‡ƒŽ…‘Š‘Ž‹…Ž‡ƒˆ‡š–”ƒ…–‘ˆ V. maderaspatana •Š‘™‡†’‘–‡– ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ™‹–Š ͷͲ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‘ˆ ͳǤͶ͹άͲǤͲͳ ρ‰ȀŽǤ –Š‡” –Š”‡‡ ‡š–”ƒ…–• •Š‘™‡† ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ– ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ‰‡ ˆ”‘ ͹Ǥͺ͵άͲǤͲͶ ρ‰ȀŽ–‘ͳͺǤʹͻάͲǤͲ͵ρ‰ȀŽǤŠ‡†‡–ƒ‹Ž•‘ˆ”‡•—Ž–•ƒ”‡‰‹˜‡ ‹ƒ„Ž‡ͶǤ CONCLUSION –Šƒ‘Ž‹… ‡š–”ƒ…– ‘ˆ Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† •–‡ •Š‘™‡† –Š‡ ’‘–‡– ƒ–‹‘š‹†ƒ–ƒ…–‹˜‹–›‹…‘’ƒ”‹•‘™‹–Š’”‡’ƒ”‡†‡š–”ƒ…–•Ǥ

˜‡–‹ƒ’‹†ǣ–Š‘’Šƒ”ƒ…‘Ž‘‰›‘ŽǤʹͲͳͻǡ ••—‡ͳ ȏ Ͳͻ͹͸Ǧ͵ͺͲͷȐ

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ʹͲͳͻ’‡’ʹ͹ͳͷ͵̹ ˜‡–‹ ‘—”ƒŽ•ȋȌ–† —„Ž‹•Š‡†‘‡„͵ͳȀͳͲȀʹͲͳͺǡ™™™Ǥ‹˜‡–‹Ǥ‹

      

Acknowledgment —–Š‘”• –Šƒ• –‘ Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ‹˜‡”•‹–› ›•‘”‡ǡ ȋ †‹ƒȌ ˆ‘” ’”‘˜‹†‹‰ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–‹‡• –‘ …‘†—…– –Š‹• ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ™‘”Ǥ —–Š‘”• ƒŽ•‘ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡”ǤǤƒŠƒ†ƒ˜ƒ…Š‡––›ǡ••‹•–ƒ–”‘ˆ‡••‘”ǡ ‡’ƒ”–‡–‘ˆ‘–ƒ›ǡ”‹‡ƒ–‡•™ƒ”ƒ‹˜‡”•‹–›ǡ‹”—’ƒ–‹ǡ †Š”ƒ ”ƒ†‡•Š ȋ †‹ƒȌ ‹ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ—–Š‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡’Žƒ–ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽǤ

 Cite this article as: ’‡†”ƒ  ƒ†ƒ‰—Ž‡ǡ  —”ƒ‹•™ƒ›ǡƒ›—”Š—”ƒ–et alǤ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆIn-Vitro –‹‘š‹†ƒ– …–‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ ‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† –‡ š–”ƒ…–• ‘ˆ Ventilago maderspatana ƒ‡”–Ǥ ˜‡–‹ ƒ’‹†ǣ –Š‘’Šƒ”ƒ…‘Ž‘‰›ǡʹͲͳͻȋͳȌǣͳǦͷǡʹͲͳͺǤ

˜‡–‹ƒ’‹†ǣ–Š‘’Šƒ”ƒ…‘Ž‘‰›‘ŽǤʹͲͳͻǡ ••—‡ͳ ȏ Ͳͻ͹͸Ǧ͵ͺͲͷȐ

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ʹͲͳͻ’‡’ʹ͹ͳͷ͵̹ ˜‡–‹ ‘—”ƒŽ•ȋȌ–† —„Ž‹•Š‡†‘‡„͵ͳȀͳͲȀʹͲͳͺǡ™™™Ǥ‹˜‡–‹Ǥ‹