Evolutionary Based Algorithmic Composition: A Demonstration of ...

4 downloads 130 Views 291KB Size Report
This demonstration will give an overview of how *e1otator is used to compose and ... enhancements to the music grammar language and how it may now be ...
(YROXWLRQDU\%DVHG$OJRULWKPLF&RPSRVLWLRQ $'HPRQVWUDWLRQRI5HFHQW'HYHORSPHQWVLQ*H1RWDWRU .XUW7K\ZLVVHQ

'HSDUWPHQW RI &RPSXWHU 6FLHQFH +RQJ .RQJ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 6FLHQFH 7HFKQRORJ\ NXUW#FVXVWKN $EVWUDFW

7KLV GHPRQVWUDWLRQ ZLOO JLYH DQ RYHUYLHZ RI KRZ *H1RWDWRU LV XVHG WR FRPSRVH DQG JHQHUDWH PXVLF XVLQJ DQ HYROXWLRQDU\ EDVHG FRPSRVLWLRQDO PRGHO *H1RWDWRU©V LQWHUSUHWDWLRQ RI ¦HYROXWLRQDU\ FRPSRVLWLRQ§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

%DFNJURXQG

*H1RWDWRU LV RQH RI VHYHUDO SUHYLRXVO\ UHSRUWHG V\VWHPV WKDW XVH VR FDOOHG ¦HYROXWLRQDU\§ WHFKQLTXHV LQ DOJRULWKPLF FRPSRVLWLRQ >%LOHV @ 6XFK WHFKQLTXHV DUH DOVR WR EH IRXQG LQ VRXQG V\QWKHVLV DSSOLFDWLRQV VXFK DV SDUDPHWHU RSWLPL]DWLRQ IRU PDWFKLQJ LQVWUXPHQW GHVLJQV >+RUQHU @ &RPPRQ WR DOO RI WKHVH V\VWHPV LV WKH *HQHWLF $OJRULWKP >*ROGEHUJ @ WKH PRVW ZLGHO\ XVHG PHFKDQLVP LQ HYROXWLRQDU\ FRPSXWDWLRQ )RU PRUH RQ *$V WKH UHDGHU LV UHFRPPHQGHG WR UHDG *ROGEHUJ >*ROGEHUJ @ DV D JRRG LQWURGXFWRU\ WH[W

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¦JURZLQJ§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

PXWDWLRQ

*HQHWLF

3URJUDPPLQJ

JHQHUDWLYH

PXVLF JUDPPDUV

$UFKLWHFWXUDO2YHUYLHZ

)LJXUH  LOOXVWUDWHV WKH PDLQ FRPSRQHQWV LQ *H1RWDWRU &HQWUDO WR WKH DUFKLWHFWXUH LV WKH *6'  7KLV LV D GDWD VWUXFWXUH WKDW SDFNDJHV D XVHU GHILQHG PXVLF JUDPPDU WRJHWKHU ZLWK DQ DXWRPDWLFDOO\ JHQHUDWHG JHQHWLF GHVFULSWLRQ WKDW PDSV LQGLYLGXDO FKURPRVRPH JHQHV WR FKRLFH URXWHV LQ WKH JUDPPDU 7KH XVHU VSHFLILHV WKLV JUDPPDU HLWKHU WH[WXDOO\ RU WKURXJK D VHW RI HGLWLQJ ZLQGRZV *HQRW\SH

6WUXFWXUH 'HILQLWLRQ

 *H1RWDWRU©V *HQHUDWLYH 0XVLF *UDPPDU

7H[WXDO VSHFLILFDWLRQ RI JUDPPDU *8,

$ FRPSRVLWLRQ LV W\SLFDOO\ VSHFLILHG YLD WKH EXLOW LQ JUDPPDU

FRPSLODWLRQ

VWUXFWXUH

*HQRW\SH

HGLWRU

6WUXFWXUH 'HILQLWLRQ

GLUHFW

*6'

PDQLSXODWLRQ

VFULSWLQJ

FRQVWUXFWV

RI

JUDPPDU

KDV

RWKHU

DOORZLQJ

WKH

FRPSRVHU

$VLGH

FRQFXUUHQF\

PRUH

PXVLFDOO\

WR

GHVFULEH

IURP DQG

WKH

EDVLF

FKRLFH

XVHIXO

WKH

FRQVWUXFWV

REMHFWV

VXFK

DV

VFDOHV NH\V UK\WKPV SKUDVHV DQG ODUJHU FRPSRVLWLRQDO

)RUP 6SDFH 0DQDJHU

VWUXFWXUHV UHODWLQJ WR D FRPSRVLWLRQ©V ¦IRUP§

*HQH

$GGLWLRQDOO\

SRRO

WKH

HQRXJK WR GHVFULEH

GDWDEDVH

ODQJXDJH

LWHUDWLRQ

3DUVH WUHH RI

,QWHUDFWLYH

JUDPPDU

*HQHWLF $OJRULWKP

JUDPPDU

WKH

*8,

LV

SRZHUIXO WKH

JUDPPDU GHILQLWLRQ 7KLV LV DQ DWWHPSW WR LQFRUSRUDWH OLQJXLVWLF

QRWLRQV

WUDQVIRUPDWLRQDO UXOHV

6HOHFWLRQ

V\QWD[

WUDQVIRUPDWLRQDO UXOHV DV SDUW RI GHHS VWUXFWXUH

RI DV

GHVFULEHG

E\

DQG

&KRPVN\

>&KRPVN\ @ 6LPSOH H[DPSOHV RI VXFK WUDQVIRU

*HQHUDWHG FKURPRVRPH

PDWLRQDO UXOHV DUH WUDQVSRVLWLRQ UHWURJUDGH LQYHUVLRQ

)LJXUH   $UFKLWHFWXUDO RYHUYLHZ

NH\FKDQJH FDQRQ DQG VR RQ 7KHVH SURYH WR EH D YHU\

2QFH GHILQHG WKH *6' VHUYHV DV LQSXW WR WKH

)RUP

6SDFH 0DQDJHU 7KLV FRQVLVWV RI DQ LQWHUDFWLYH JHQHWLF DOJRULWKP WKDW WDNHV WKH FKURPRVRPH VWUXFWXUH RI WKH

SRZHUIXO JHQHUDWLYH ZD\ RI FUHDWLQJ DGGLWLRQDO YDULDQFH LQ

WKH

JHQRW\SH

FRPSRVHU

WR

GHVFULSWLRQ

GHVFULEH

PXVLF

DQG

WKDW

KDV

DOVR

DOORZ

VRPH

WKH

VHQVH

RI

WHPSRUDO HYROXWLRQ DQG JURZWK

*6' DQG DOORZV WKH XVHU WR EUHHG DQG PXWDWH SKHQRW\SH LQVWDQFHV

RI

DXGLWLRQLQJ

LW E\

7KHVH

DUH

FRPSLOLQJ

UHDOL]HG D

0,',

IRU

SOD\EDFN

VWUHDP

XVLQJ

DQG WKH

JUDPPDU DQG WKH SKHQRW\SH JHQH VHWWLQJV 7KH XVHU LV DEOH WR MXGJH DQG VFRUH HDFK RQ DHVWKHWLF PHULW DQG FRQ WLQXH WR GR VR LWHUDWLYHO\ LQ RUGHU WR HYROYH IDYRXULWHV

 7KH *8, ,QWHUIDFH 8S XQWLO UHFHQWO\ WKH JUDPPDU QHHGHG WR EH VSHFL ILHG DOPRVW H[FOXVLYHO\ LQ D WH[WEDVHG IDVKLRQ  ZKLFK LV ILQH LI RQH LV YHUVHG LQ WKH ILQH DUW RI SURJUDPPLQJ

)LJXUH   9DULRXV *H1RWDWRU HGLWLQJ ZLQGRZV IRU EXLOGLQJ XS D JUDPPDU

2QH RI WKH ELJJHVW GHYHORSPHQWV LQ *H1RWDWRU LV WKH SURYLVLRQ RI DQ DOWHUQDWH

JUDSKLFDO ZD\

$ VLPSOH H[DPSOH RI WKLV LV VKRZQ LQ ILJXUH  ZKHUH

RI VSHFLI\LQJ DOO

RQH VHTXHQFH UHZULWH UXOH LV UHVROYDEOH WR WKUHH GLIIHUHQW

WKH DYDLODEOH FRQVWUXFWV LQ WKH JUDPPDU )LJXUH  VKRZV

DOWHUQDWH VHTXHQFHV DQG WKH RWKHU RQH WR WZR ,Q WKLV

VRPH RI WKH HGLWLQJ ZLQGRZV WKDW DUH DYDLODEOH IRU

LQVWDQFH WZR JHQHV DUH DGGHG WR WKH JHQRW\SH ZLWK

EXLOGLQJ VFDOHV NH\V FKRUGV DQG VR RQ $GGLWLRQDOO\ D

UHVSHFWLYH FDUGLQDOLWLHV WKUHH DQG WZR

FRPSRVLWLRQ LV QRZ UHSUHVHQWHG DV D

SURMHFW

ZKHUH HDFK

FRPSRQHQW LQ WKH SURMHFW LV W\SLFDOO\ D UHZULWH UXOH LQ WKH JUDPPDU

6LQFH

*H1RWDWRU

KDV

D

VHW

RI

IDPLOLDU

VHTXHQFHU W\SH HGLWRUV ILJXUH   DQG FDQ LPSRUW 0,',

&203

VHT $ % $ 

$

VHTBFKRLFH $ $ $ 

%

VHTBFKRLFH % % 

>D@

ILOHV WKH UHVXOW LV DQ LQWHJUDWHG HQYLURQPHQW ZKLFK KHOSV KLGH WKH IDFW WKDW WKH FRPSRVHU LV DFWXDOO\ FRQVWUXFWLQJ D

>E@

&203

IRUPDO JUDPPDU RI WKH FRPSRVLWLRQ EHKLQG WKH VFHQHV $

7HFKQLFDOO\ VSHDNLQJ XVLQJ WKH *8, IRU JUDPPDU

%

VSHFLILFDWLRQ GRHV QRW JHQHUDWH D WH[WXDO GHVFULSWLRQ WKDW $

LV WKHQ FRPSLOHG EXW E\SDVVHV WKH FRPSLODWLRQ VWDJH DOWRJHWKHU

%\

LQWHUDFWLQJ

ZLWK

WKH

YDULRXV

ž

UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ RI WKH JUDPPDU LWVHOI DQ DSSURDFK NQRZQ

VWUXFWXUH HGLWLQJ

$

%

%

HGLWLQJ

ZLQGRZV WKH XVHU LV PDQLSXODWLQJ WKH LQWHUQDO SDUVH WUHH DV

$



ž



>F@

*H1RWDWRU DFWXDOO\ SHUPLWV WKH XVHU

WR PL[ DQG PDWFK EHWZHHQ D WH[WEDVHG JUDPPDU DQG WKH

)LJXUH   $ VLPSOH JUDPPDU >D@ DQG FRPSLOHG SDUVH WUHH >E@

JUDSKLFDO DSSURDFK ZLWKLQ WKH VDPH SURMHFW 7KH *8,

ZLWK FRUUHVSRQGLQJ JHQHV LQ FKURPRVRPH VWUXFWXUH >F@

FRPSRQHQWV FDQ EH VHHQ DV DQ DOWHUQDWLYH YLHZ RI WKH 6LQFH

JUDPPDU WR WKDW RIIHUHG E\ WKH WH[WXDO UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ

DOO

WKH

PDMRU

FRQVWUXFWV

LQ

*H1RWDWRU©V

DQG KDYH WKH EHQHILW RI EHLQJ HDVLHU WR XVH IRU QRQ

JUDPPDU V\QWD[ VXSSRUW ¦FKRLFH§ DQG WKXV YDULDELOLW\

SURJUDPPHUV  DQ LPSRUWDQW FRQVLGHUDWLRQ LI *H1RWDWRU

WKH PHWDFRPSRVHU LV IUHH WR GHILQH DQ\ UDQJH RI YDULDQFH

LV WR EH DGRSWHG E\ XVHUV QRW YHUVHG LQ SURJUDPPLQJ

GHVLUHG ZLWKLQ D FRPSRVLWLRQ JHQRW\SH IURP KLJKO\ FRQVWUDLQHG WR ZLOGO\ XQSUHGLFWDEOH

7KH&RPSRVLWLRQDO3URFHVV $ W\SLFDO VFHQDULR LV IRU WKH FRPSRVHU WR VSHFLI\ D JUDPPDU WH[WXDOO\ RU WKURXJK WKH SURYLGHG HGLWRUV $ VWDUWLQJ SRLQW PD\ EH DQ H[LVWLQJ FRPSRVLWLRQ LPSRUWHG DV D 0,', ILOH ZKLFK WKH XVHU FDQ WKHQ VSOLW XS LQWR D JUDPPDWLFDO VWUXFWXUH )RU H[DPSOH WKH FRPSRVHU PD\ EH

DWWHPSWLQJ

WR

IRUPDOO\

GHVFULEH

D

ZHOO

GHILQHG

FRPSRVLWLRQ JUDPPDU IRU WKH SXUSRVHV RI SURYLQJ WKH YDOLGLW\ RI SDUWLFXODU LGHDV LQ PXVLF WKHRU\ 'HSHQGLQJ RQ WKH DPRXQW RI YDULDQFH H[SUHVVHG LQ WKH JUDPPDU WKH XVHU FDQ H[SHFW WR EH DEOH WR JHQHUDWH HLWKHU D VPDOO RU ODUJH YDULHW\ RI SKHQRW\SHV IURP WKLV JUDPPDU )LJXUH  $GGLWLRQDO HGLWLQJ IHDWXUHV LQ *H1RWDWRU

PHQWLRQHG

HDUOLHU

WKH

*6'

FRQVLVWV

RI

D

JUDPPDU DQG D JHQHUDWHG FKURPRVRPH WHPSODWH 7KH JUDPPDU LV VWRUHG LQWHUQDOO\ DV D SDUVH WUHH WRJHWKHU ZLWK DQ RSWLRQDO

WH[WXDO

UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ

WKDW

ZDV

XVHG

WR

JHQHUDWH LW 7KH

FRPSOHPHQWDU\

FRQVWUXFWHG

E\

FKURPRVRPH

VHDUFKLQJ

WKURXJK

WHPSODWH

WKH

SDUVH

LV WUHH

UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ DQG LQWURGXFLQJ D QHZ JHQH IRU HDFK FKRLFH

URXWH

H[SUHVVHG

LQ

WKH

JUDPPDU

7KH

DOOHOH

FDUGLQDOLW\ RI WKH QHZ JHQH FRUUHVSRQGV WR WKH QXPEHU RI DOWHUQDWLYHV GLFWDWHG E\ WKH FKRLFH URXWH

WKH

VHDUFKVSDFH

H[SORUDWLRQ

RI

VHFWLRQ 

 )URP *UDPPDU WR *HQRW\SH

$V

JHQRW\SH

ZKLFK LV DFKLHYHG WKURXJK WKH )RUP 6SDFH 0DQDJHU VHH

(YROXWLRQDU\0HFKDQLVPV *H1RWDWRU XVHV LWV RZQ ¦EXWFKHUHG§ YHUVLRQ RI WKH JHQHWLF DOJRULWKP WR LPSOHPHQW LWV PDLQ HYROXWLRQDU\ PHFKDQLVP $OWKRXJK FRQVLGHUDEO\ PRGLILHG WKLV LV LQ OLQH ZLWK UHFHQW WUHQGV WR PRYH DZD\ IURP WKH SUHYDLOLQJ FODVVLFDO ELQDU\ PRGHO >0LFKDOHZLF] @ $V 0LFKDOHZLF]

REVHUYHV ¦žWR VROYH D QRQWULYLDO

SUREOHP XVLQJ DQ HYROXWLRQ SURJUDP ZH FDQ HLWKHU WUDQVIRUP WKH SUREOHP LQWR D IRUP DSSURSULDWH IRU WKH JHQHWLF DOJRULWKP RU ZH FDQ WUDQVIRUP WKH JHQHWLF DOJRULWKP WR VXLW WKH SUREOHP§

 $ 7DLORUHG ,QWHUDFWLYH *HQHWLF $OJRULWKP WKLV

7KLV HIIHFWLYHO\ ¦GHPRFUDWL]HV§ WKH FRPSRVLWLRQDO

SKLORVRSK\ DQG IRU WKLV UHDVRQ LW LV SHUKDSV EHVW WR

SURFHVV DV WKLUG SDUWLHV ZLWK OLWWOH RU QR PXVLF NQRZOHGJH

GHVFULEH

DUH DEOH WR GHYHORS RWKHU FRPSRVLWLRQDO LGHDV IXUWKHU

*H1RWDWRU LW

LV

DV

YHU\

PXFK

DQ

H[DPSOH

HYROXWLRQ SURJUDP

DQ

)RU

RI

H[DPSOH

DOWKRXJK FKURPRVRPHV DUH VWLOO RI IL[HG OHQJWK HDFK

DQG

JHQH GRHV QRW KDYH WR EH ELQDU\ EXW PD\ KDYH LWV RZQ

FRPSRVLWLRQV DUH SHUSHWXDOO\ ¦ZRUNV LQ SURJUHVV§

FDUGLQDOLW\ LQGHSHQGHQW RI RWKHU JHQHV $GGLWLRQDOO\ LW LV SRVVLEOH WR LPSRVH D SUREDELOLW\ GLVWULEXWLRQ RYHU WKH UDQJH

RI

PXWDWLRQ

YDOXHV

LQGLYLGXDO

$QRWKHU

PDMRU

JHQHV

PD\

GLIIHUHQFH

WDNH

RYHU

GXULQJ

FODVVLFDO

DSSURDFKHV LV WKH SURYLVLRQ IRU DQ DUELWUDU\ QXPEHU RI SDUHQWV EH\RQG MXVW WZR GXULQJ JHQHWLF FURVVRYHU 7KH

XVHU

LQWHUDFWV

ZLWK

WKLV

PRGLILHG

*$

E\

FRQWUROOLQJ VXFK IDFWRUV DV SRSXODWLRQ VL]H PXWDWLRQ OLNHOLKRRG DQG GHVLJQDWLQJ ZKLFK SDUHQWV SDUWDNH LQ EUHHGLQJ %\ DXGLWLRQLQJ DQG VFRULQJ SKHQRW\SHV WKH XVHU H[HUWV LQIOXHQFH RQ WKH GLUHFWLRQ WKH HYROXWLRQDU\ SURFHVV IROORZV

)RUP

RQ

WKH

EDVLV

RI

SHUVRQDO

WDVWH

WKH

&RQFOXVLRQVDQG)XWXUH:RUN :LWK WKH QHZ HQKDQFHPHQWV WR WKH PXVLF JUDPPDU DQG *8, *H1RWDWRU KDV UHDFKHG D SRLQW RI IXQFWLRQDO PDWXULW\ WKDW PDNHV FRPSRVLQJ ZLWK LW UHODWLYHO\ VWUDLJKW IRUZDUG DQG PRVW LPSRUWDQWO\ HQMR\DEOH ,W LV KRSHG WKH $FWLYH; FRQWURO ZLOO DOVR KHOS WKH V\VWHP UHDFK D ZLGHU DXGLHQFH YLD WKH ,QWHUQHW ,QWHUHVWLQJ

DSSOLFDWLRQV

EH\RQG

EHLQJ

VLPSO\

D

K\EULG DOJRULWKPLF HQYLURQPHQW LQFOXGH WKH SURVSHFW RI UR\DOW\ IUHH JHQHUDWLYH PXVLF RU HYHQ WKH OLFHQVLQJ RI PXVLF JHQRW\SHV LQ D SDUWLFXODU PXVLFDO VW\OH  VRPHWKLQJ WKH DGYHUWLVLQJ ZHEFRQWHQW DQG JDPHVHQWHUWDLQPHQW

 7KH )RUP 6SDFH 0DQDJHU )60 7KH

VROHO\

)XWXUH GHYHORSPHQWV ZLOO IRFXV RQ DXWRPDWHG JUDP

*H1RWDWRU©V WDLORUHG *$ UHVLGHV DORQJ ZLWK RWKHU KRXVH

PDU FRQVWUXFWLRQ *H1RWDWRU FDQ FXUUHQWO\ EH GHVFULEHG

NHHSLQJ IDFLOLWLHV VXFK DV D JHQHSRRO GDWDEDVH XVHG WR

DV

PDLQWDLQ DQG UHWULHYH JHQHUDWLRQV RI JHQHWLF FRQWHQW

H[SOLFLW

$GGLWLRQDOO\ WKH )60 RIIHUV D KLHUDUFKLF PHQX LQWHUIDFH

SKHQRW\SHV

WKDW

JUDPPDU 7KH QH[W VWHS LV WR SURYLGH IRU ¦H[SORUDWLRQ§

XVHUV

WR

0DQDJHU

LQGXVWULHV PLJKW ILQG DSSHDOLQJ ZKHUH

SHUPLWV

6SDFH

)60

SURJUHVVLYHO\

LV

XQORFN

GHHSHU

VWUXFWXUDO FRQWHQW LQ D JLYHQ *6'

DQ

¦H[SORLWDWLRQ§ JUDPPDU

LW

ZLWKLQ

HYROXWLRQDU\ KHOSV

WKH

WKH

V\VWHP

XVHU

FRQVWUDLQWV

ILQG

JLYHQ

DQ

LQWHUHVWLQJ

GHILQHG

E\

WKDW

HYROXWLRQ LH HYROYLQJ WKH JUDPPDU LWVHOI 7HQWDWLYH

,Q SUDFWLFH WKLV PHDQV IDFLOLWDWLQJ D ZD\ IRU WKH XVHU

VWHSV DUH DOUHDG\ EHLQJ WDNHQ LQ WKLV GLUHFWLRQ DQG LW LV

WR WDUJHW SDUWLFXODU DVSHFWV RI D FRPSRVLWLRQ IRU PDQLSX

KRSHG WKDW WKH HPHUJLQJ ILHOG RI JHQHWLF SURJUDPPLQJ

ODWLRQ *H1RWDWRU DFKLHYHV WKLV E\ DOORZLQJ GLVMRLQW

ZLOO SURYLGH IXUWKHU FOXHV DV WR KRZ WKLV FDQ EH DFKLHYHG

VHFWLRQV RI D FKURPRVRPH NQRZQ DV

VFKHPD

WR EH

JHQHUDWLRQ RQO\ WKRVH JHQHV ZKLFK DUH QRW GRPLQDQW DUH

5HIHUHQFHV

HIIHFWHG E\ WKH HYROXWLRQDU\ SURFHVV )RU H[DPSOH LI D

>%LOHV @

¦IUR]HQ§ DQG WKXV EHFRPH GRPLQDQW IURP JHQHUDWLRQ WR

XVHU ZLVKHV WR RQO\ HYROYH D SDUWLFXODU SKUDVH WKH KLHUDUFKLF PHQX V\VWHP FDQ EH XVHG WR WUDFN GRZQ ZKLFK JHQHV FRQWULEXWH WR WKH SKUDVH DQG WKHQ IRUFH DOO RWKHU JHQHV WKDW GR QRW FRQWULEXWH WR LW WR EHFRPH GRPLQDQW

IRU LQWHJUDWLRQ LQWR :RUOG :LGH :HE SDJHV 2QFH HPEHGGHG LQ D ZHE SDJH WKH FRQWURO FDQ EH DXWRPDWHG WR XSORDG SXEOLVKHG *6'V IURP DQ\ VXSSOLHG 85/ DGGUHVV DFURVV WKH ,QWHUQHW 7KH $FWLYH; FRQWURO FRQWDLQV WKH IDPLOLDU LQWHUDFWLYH LQ

*H1RWDWRU

DQG

KDV

HQRXJK IXQFWLRQDOLW\ WR FRPSLOH DQG SOD\ SKHQRW\SH YHUVLRQV

RI

WKH

FRPSRVLWLRQ

DVVXPLQJ

WKHUH

DUH

FRPSDWLEOH 0,', WRQH JHQHUDWRUV DWWDFKHG WR WKH KRVW 3& 7KXV ZH QRZ KDYH DQ HQYLURQPHQW ZKHUHE\ D FRPSRVHU FDQ SXEOLVK D PXVLF JHQRW\SH *6' RQ WKH ,QWHUQHW DQG E\ GRLQJ VR JLYH LW D OLIH RI LW©V RZQ EH\RQG WKH RULJLQDO

@

65

+ROW]PDQ

*UDPPDUV IRU 0XVLF &RPSRVLWLRQ

$ FXUUHQW GHYHORSPHQW KDV EHHQ WR VHSDUDWH WKH

IRXQG

>*ROGEHUJ @ 'DYLG ( *ROGEHUJ :HVOH\ 

)RUP 6SDFH 0DQDJHU LQWR D VWDQG DORQH $FWLYH; FRQWURO

LQWHUIDFH

6\QWDFWLF 6WUXFWXUHV  *HQHWLF $OJRULWKPV LQ 6HDUFK 2SWLPL]DWLRQ DQG 0DFKLQH /HDUQLQJ  $GGLVRQ

>&KRPVN\ @ 1RDP &KRPVN\

>+ROW]PDQ

*H1RWDWRUDQGWKH,QWHUQHW

¦JDUGHQLQJ§

John A. Biles, GenJam: A Genetic Algorithm for Generating Jazz Solos. Proceedings of the 1994 ICMC.

8VLQJ *HQHUDWLYH &RPSXWHU

0XVLF

-RXUQDO  QR   SS    @ Andrew Horner, Wavetable Matching Synthesis of Dynamic Instruments with Genetic Algorithms. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Vol. 43, No. 11, Novemberr 1995.

>+RUQHU

*HQHWLF 3URJUDPPLQJ  2Q WKH 3URJUDPPLQJ RI &RPSXWHUV E\ 0HDQV RI 1DWXUDO 6HOHFWLRQ 0,7 3UHVV  >/DWKDP HW DO @ William Latham, Stephen Todd. >.R]D @ - 5 .R]D

Evolutionary Art and Computers. Academic Press, 1992. >0LFKDOHZLF]

@

=ELJQLHZ

$OJRULWKPV  'DWD 6WUXFWXUHV

*HQHWLF (YROXWLRQ 3URJUDPV 

0LFKDOHZLF]

7KLUG HGWLRQ 6SULQJHU9HUODJ 

@ .XUW $ 7K\ZLVVHQ  *H1RWDWRU $Q (QYLURQPHQW IRU ,QYHVWLJDWLQJ WKH $SSOLFDWLRQ RI *HQHWLF $OJRULWKPV LQ &RPSXWHU $VVLVWHG &RPSRVLWLRQ 

>7K\ZLVVHQ

3URFHHGLQJV RI WKH  ,&0&

Suggest Documents