Exxon Valdez oil spill : fate and effects in Alaskan waters / Peter G. Wells, James N. Butler, and Jane Staveley Hughes, editors. (STP ; 1219). ASTM publication ...
STP 1219
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: Fate and Effects in Alaskan Waters
Peter G. Wells, James N. Butler, and Jane Staveley Hughes, Editors
ASTM Publication Code Number (PCN): 04-012190-16
1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 Printed in the U.S.A.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Exxon Valdez oil spill : fate and effects in Alaskan waters / Peter G. Wells, James N. Butler, and Jane Staveley Hughes, editors. (STP ; 1219) ASTM publication code number (PCN): 04-012190-16. Contains papers presented at the Third Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment held in Atlanta, Georgia on 26-28 April 1993. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8031-1896-1 1. Oil spills--Environmental aspects--Alaska--Congresses. 2. Oil spills and wildlife-Alaska--Congresses. 3. Exxon Valdez (Ship)Congresses. I. Wells, P.G. I1. Butler, James Newton. II1. Hughes, Jane S., 1955IV. Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment (3rd : 1993 : Atlanta, Ga.) V. Series: ASTM special technical publication ; 1219. QH545.05E95 1995 57405' 09798' 3--d c20 95-25366 CIP
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Foreword This publication, Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: Fate and Effects in Alaskan Waters, contains papers presented at the Third Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment--Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, held in Atlanta, Georgia on 26-28 April 1993. The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee E-47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate. Dr. Peter G. Wells of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Canada; Dr. James Butler of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts; and Jane Staveley Hughes of Carolina Ecotox in Durham, North Carolina presided as symposium chairpersons and are editors of the resulting publication.
Contents INTRODUCTION, OVERVEW, ISSUES I n t r o d u c t i o n , Overview, Issues--P. G. WELLS, J. N. BUTLER, AND J. STAVELEY HUGHES CHEMISTRY AND FATE OF THE SPILL Identification of H y d r o c a r b o n Sources in the Benthic S e d i m e n t s of Prince William S o u n d a n d the G u l f of A l a s k a Following the E x x o n Valdez Oil S p i l l - D. S. PAGE, P. D. BOEHM, G. S. DOUGLAS, AND A. E. BENCE
41
F i n g e r p r i n t i n g H y d r o c a r b o n s in the Biological Resources of the Exxon Valdez Spill A r e a - - A . E. BENCE AND W. A. BURNS
84
C h e m i c a l a n d Toxicological E v a l u a t i o n of W a t e r Q u a l i t y Following the E x x o n Valdez Oil S p i l l - - J. M. NEFF AND W. A. STUBBLEF1ELD
141
Clay-Oil Flocculation a n d Its Role in N a t u r a l Cleansing in P r i n c e William S o u n d Following the E x x o n Valdez Oil Spill--J. R. BRAGG AND S. H. YANG
178
S h e e n Surveillance: A n E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g P r o g r a m S u b s e q u e n t to the 1989 Exxon Valdez Shoreline C l e a n u p - - D . G. TAFT, D. E. EGGING, AND H. A. KUHN
215
Use of Mussels a n d S e m i p e r m e a b l e M e m b r a n e Devices to Assess Bioavailability of Residual P o l y n u c l e a r A r o m a t i c H y d r o c a r b o n s T h r e e Years A f t e r the E x x o n Valdez Oil Spill--G. SHIGENAKA AND C. B. HENRY, JR.
239
SHORELINE IMPACTS OF THE SPILL Shoreline Ecology P r o g r a m for Prince William Sound, Alaska, Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: P a r t 1 - - S t u d y Design a n d M e t h o d s - - D . s. PAGE, E. S. GILFILLAN, P. D. BOEHM, AND E. J. HARNER
263
S u r v e y Design, Statistical Analysis, a n d Basis for Statistical Inferences in Coastal H a b i t a t I n j u r y Assessment: Exxon Valdez Oil Spiil--L. L. MCDONALD, W. P. ERICKSON, AND M. D. STRICKLAND
296
Shoreline Oiling Conditions in Prince William S o u n d Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spiil--J. M. NEFF, E. H. OWENS, S. W. STOKER, AND D. M. MCCORMICK
312
Shoreline Ecology P r o g r a m for Prince William Sound, Alaska, Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: P a r t 2 - - C h e m i s t r y a n d Toxicology--P. D. BOEHM, D. S. PAGE, E. S. GILFILLAN, W. A. STUBBLEFIELD, AND E. J. HARNER
347
Shoreline Ecology Program for Prince William Sound, Alaska, Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: P a r t 3--Biology--E. s. GILFILLAN,D. S. PAGE, E. J. HARNER, AND P. D. BOEHM
398
Shoreline I m p a c t s in the G u l f of Alaska Region Following the E x x o n Valdez Oil Spill--E. S. GILFILLAN, T. H. SUCHANEK, P. D. BOEHM, E. J. HARNER, D. S. PAGE, 444
AND N. A. SLOAN
IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR FISH AND FISHERIES
S t a t u s of Selected Bottomfish a n d C r u s t a c e a n Species in P r i n c e William S o u n d Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill--D. A. ARMSTRONG, P. A. DINNEL, J. M. ORENSANZ, J. L. ARMSTRONG, T. L. MCDONALD, R. F. CUSIMANO, R. S. NEMETH, M. L. LANDOLT, J. R. SKALSKI, R. F. LEE, AND R. J. HUGGETT
485
An Assessment of Oil-Spill Effects on Pink S a l m o n P o p u l a t i o n s Following the Exxon Valdez Oil S p i l l D P a r t 1: E a r l y Life H i s t o r y - - E . L. BRANNON, L. L. MOULTON, L. G. GILBERTSON, A. W. MAKI, AND J. R. SKALSKI
548
A n Assessment of Oil-Spill Effects on P i n k S a l m o n P o p u l a t i o n s Following the E x x o n Valdez Oil S p i l l D P a r t 2: Adults a n d E s c a p e m e n t - - A . w. MAKI, E. J. BRANNON, L. G. GILBERTSON, L. L. MOULTON, AND J. R. SKALSKI
585
A Field a n d L a b o r a t o r y A s s e s s m e n t of Oil-Spill Effects on S u r v i v a l a n d R e p r o d u c t i o n of Pacific H e r r i n g Following the Exxon Valdez Oil S p i l l - W. H. PEARSON, E. MOKSNESS, AND J. R. SKALSKI
626
IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR WILDLIFE
E v a l u a t i o n of the Toxic P r o p e r t i e s of Naturally W e a t h e r e d E x x o n Valdez C r u d e Oil to S u r r o g a t e Wildlife S p e c i e s - - w . A. STUBBLEFIELD, G. A. HANCOCK, W. H. FORD, H. H. PRINCE, AND R. K. RINGER
665
Assessment of the Potential f o r Long-Term Toxicological Effects of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill on B i r d s a n d M a m m a l s - - R . HARTUNG
693
Use of Oil-Affected H a b i t a t s b y B i r d s After the Exxon Valdez Off Spill--R. H. DAY, S. M. MURPHY, J. A. WIENS, G. D. HAYWARD,E. J. HARNER, AND L. N. SMITH
726
Density a n d Productivity of B a l d Eagles in Prince William Sound, Alaska, After the Exxon Valdez Oil S p i l l - - c . M. WHITE, R. J. RITCHIE, AND B. A. COOPER
762
Surveys of M u r r e Colony A t t e n d a n c e in the N o r t h e r n G u l f of A l a s k a Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill--D. E. ERIKSON
780
Common Murre Abundance, Phenology, and Productivity on the Barren Islands, Alaska: The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill and Long-Term Environmental Change--P. D. BOERSMA,J. K. PARRISH,AND A. B. KETTLE
820
Recovery of Seabirds Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: An O v e r v i e w - 854
J. A. WIENS
Sea Otter Abundance, Distribution, and Pup Production in Prince William Sound Following the Exxon Vaidez Oil Spill--c. B. JOHNSONAND D. L. GARSHELIS
894
IMPACTS ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
Archaeological Site Protection: An Integral Component of the Exxon Valdez Shoreline Cleanup--c. B. WOOLEYAND J. C. HAGGARTY
933
Author Index
951
Subject Index
953
