4 1 Koto Ztlru -fea/ing No. 1J0 (afer P/aton er a/ /998, 2J9), 2 Kakt Zaho Sea/itg No. ..... terranean Archaeology-Pocket Books 26 (GOteborg 1983). J. Weingarten.
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r0 by Verlag BemhardAlbert Greiner,Renrshalden-Grunbach 2002 Redaktion:SentaWagner,Stuttgart- SarahMannion, London - ClaudiaGreiner,Grunbach Umschlaggestaltung: Frank Schweizer,Goppingen Digitalisierung,Satzund Layout: B A G Btiro fiir ArchiiologischeGestaltung,Grunbach Offset-Druck: Druckerei Deiner. Ldrrach Das Werk ist in allen seinenTeilen urheberrechtlich geschiitzt. JedeVerwertungist ohne Zustimmungdes Verlagesunzuldssig. Das gilt insbesondere fiir Vervielftiltigungen,Ubersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherungund Verarbeitungin elektronischenSystemen.
The City on the Slope:Some Observations I Representations on Two-Dimensiona of Architecture in Aegean Art PeterPavuk
constitutes an depictionof architecture Th. I importantaspectof the repertoireof Aegean BronzeAge iconography.' There is a small group but fairly coherent of two-dimensional images,which setsitself apartfrom the restof the architecturaldepictions.tt depictsthe soc a l l e d ' c i t y o n t h e s l o p e ' ,w i t h t h e T o w n I V from the Miniature frieze in the WestHouseat Akrotiri servingas a type example. This motif, which first appearsin MM IIIa and continuesuntil LM Ib, has alreadyreceived a certainamountof attention.E. Hallager compiledthe first list, containingmost of the representations discussedhere,for comparison with the MasterImpression,andnotedthe formal similaritiesin the constructionamongthe depictedstructures.'In 1990,Chr. Boulotis briefly discussedall known representations of towns togetherwith those of palaces,includ i n g t h e M y c e n a e a ne x a m p l e s .F ' i n a l l y ,i n 1995,T. Norling wrotea whole monographon architecturalrepresentations.o In it he concent r a t e so n t h e u s e o f b u i l d i n g m a t e r i a l sa n d techniques and their visibilityin the architect u r a l i m a g e s .L . M o r g a n d e a l t w i t h s i m i l a r issueswhile evaluating the Theranfrieze.'The i m p o r t a n ti s s u eo f p e r s p e c t i v eh a s r e c e n t l y beendiscussedby F. Blakolmer.u Nevertheless, none of the aforementioned s t u d i e sd e a l e x c l u s i v e l yw i t h t h i s g r o u p o f d e p i c t i o n sw, h i c h g i v e sr i s e t o a n u m b e ro f f u r t h e rq u e s t i o n sT. h i s a r t i c l ew i l l t h e r e f o r e o f f e r s o m e n e w o b s e r v a t i o n os n t h e r o l e o f architecture in thedepictedscenes, on thecharacterof such scenesand on the artisticpers p e c t i v et,h u s c o m p l e r n e n t i ntgh e r e s u l t sa l ready achievedby others.Finally,a tentative i n t e r p r e t a t i ow n i l l b e m a d e ,i d e n t i f y i n gt h i s t y p e o f d e p i c t i o na s d o m e s t i c ,n o n - p a l a t i a l architecture.
The known examples It is convenientthat all of the representatiorts of domesticarchitectureare listed,especially as thereareso few ol'them.Most are well deseu b l i c a c r i b e da n d i l l u s t r a t e di n a c c e s s i b l p s ill be explot i o n s .L e s s e rk n o w n e x a n r p l ew red in greaterdetail.. TheTown Mosaic,Knossos From a fill of the northenrside of the Loom Weight basement.Dated to MM illa, rather thanMM IIb. The faienccplaquesdepicthouse f a c a d e sw i t h t w o o r n r o r es t o r e y s( f i g . 1 , 4 ) , treesand water,goatsand sheep,human figures (shepherdsand warriors?)and other unidentihableobjects.'Tlte plaquesprobablyformed inlays of a woodenbox, possiblydepicting the settlementon the lid and four other sceneson the wallso1-thebox.n M i n i a t u r ef r e s c o f r o m T y l i s s o s [Ty No. l l From a housedestroyedat the end of LM Ib, yet the lrescoesare probablyof an
I I am most indebtcd to [)rof. \1 ('. Slraw lbr her many usetul s u g g e s t i o n s .I r v o u l d a l s o l i k c t o t l t a n k D r J . W e i n g a r t e n , P r o l . J. \'ounger and [)r I' Blakolnrcr lirr reading and commenting upon an earlicr drafi All rristakcs rcnrain, however, mine. Special thanks also go to Ii. Riordcrr. l)rpl Ing. and to Dr. E. Schalk lbr correcting the [:nglrsh ot'thc nranuscript. 'llallager 1 9 8 5 ,l 9 - l r ' Boulotis 1990. I Ntirling 1995. i M()rc.an l9t{8. 6l{-t(7 t'Ill.kil*., I996 uith tirrthcr trrblioqraphical rclerences, esp. -,
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All fiescoes rnentioncd in thc tcrt arc fitllowed by a catalogue rrurrrbcr taken liorn Irnmeru ahr 1990. I (t9-201. See her catalogue lbr furthcr biblrograplric rclL'rctlccs. n E v a n s1 9 2 I . l 0 t - l 1 4 . ' N{organ 1988, l5l
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569
Cityon the Slope
are toppedby cone-like of the tower-houses projections.'5
earlierdate.M. C. Shaw assignsthem to the periodof MM IIIb i LM [a.r0[t is transitional the only example of a miniature fresco from Creteoutsideof Knossos.Accordingto Shaw's reconstruction the frescodepictsa procession of men carryingvariousvessels,dancingwomen, a crowd of spectators,sparsevegetation and an ashlarmasonrybuilding(fragmentsof which are now lost,fig. I,2)."
S e a l i n gN s o . 1 3 0a n d 1 3 1f r o m K a t o Zakro
S i l v e rr h y t o n f r o m M y c e n a e
M i n i a t u r ef r e s c o e s f r o m A y i a l r i n i , K e o s
Discoveredin ShaftGrave IV of CircleA and d a t e d t o L H I . P r o b a b l ya M i n o a n p r o d u c t made l'or a mainlandpatron;it depictsa town with a bastion-like strucfure(fig. l,l ), a battle in progressin front of it, mourningwotltenon t h e b a s t i o n ,a l l o l i v e g r o v e ,a s h i p a r r i v i n g with more soldiers,drowningfigures,'Horns of Consecration'on a separatefragment- all executedin a fine repoussddecoration.r'
[A.l No. 4] Fron'ra LM Ib destructionfill of the rooms I and I[ in the areaM. The frescoes
Impressedon a clay nodulefound in a LM Ib destructionof the HogarthHouseA - a possi'customspost'.'oThey fell on the floor toble g e t h e rw i t h n e a r l y5 0 0 o t h e rw e l l - p r e s e r v e d nodules,r.vhichwere originallystoredin some M i n i a t u r ef r e s c o f r o m A k r o t i r i ,T h e r a The sealingNo. 130 kind of organiccontainer. 'caste[Ak No. 12] The frieze ran originally along depictsfive towers(Evanstermedthem four walls of room No. 5 on the upperfloor of l a t e db u i l d i n g s ' )o f a s h l a rm a s o n r ys t a n d i n g the so-calledWest House,destroyedapproxi- adjacentto one anotheron a hill and three matelyat the end of the secondthird of LM Ia. figure-eightshieldsbelow (fi5. 4,1). Each of Lavishlypublishedfirstby S. Marinatos, seve- the towershasa projectionon the roof and the ral small but significantadditionswere later centralonehasdoors.''Probablyfrom the hand madeby C.A. Televantou.'2 In all the fresco o f t h e ' Z a k r o M a s t e r ' . ' 'S e a l i n gN o . l 3 l d e depictsfive towns (figs. 2; 3), a ceremonially picts similar structuresbut the imprint is too decoratedf-leet,people engagedin various unclear(fig. .2).''Both sealings haverecently e v e r y d a ya n d c e r e m o n i a a l c t i v i t i e s ,a p e a k b e e nr e p u b l i s h e da n d t h e n e w d r a w i n g sa n d sanctuary,a sea battle and landingsoldiers, photographs suggestthatNo. l3l mightpossi(lessschemadetailednaturalisticsceneryin the backgroun bly depicta more dift-erentiated and a 'Nilotic' landscape on the eastwall.rl thanNo. 130.'n tic) architecture
M a s t e r l m p r e s s i o n ,K h a n i a From a LM Ib destructionhorizonfound in a LM Il fill in the roomsM andQ of the Housel. T h e s c e n eo n t h e s e a l i n gi s s y m m e t r i c a l l y organisedand bearsthe oval shapeof the orig i n a l r i n g . D e p i c t e di s a c i t y o n a s h o r ew i t h an oversizedmale figure abovea houseon a c l i f f i n l r o n t o f t h e t o w n ( f i g . 4 , 3 ) .T h e r o o f s
r 0I m r n e r u ' a h r 1 9 9 0 , 6 7
Shau 1972. 188
" Shaw 1972,lrg. 1.1 r r N ' l a r i n a t o s1 9 1 4 - T c l e v a n t o t r 1 9 9 ( ) -I r o r i l l u s t r a t i o n s a n d f u r ther discussion see [)ournas 199]. -15-49.ligs. 26-48, and for some of the ncw tiagnrents, thc unnumbercd lleures on pages l4-l-5. Cornplcx studiesof'thc liiczc wcre published by Morgan I 9[38,esp. 6li-8 7 and Te l* antou I 99-1.esp. 59- I ] I an
